Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario and Sherbrooke, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mattawa Ontario [Population centre]			Sherbrooke, TÉ Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario Map : Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Sherbrooke, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,786	...	...	161,323	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,789 ^r	...	...	154,601	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	846	...	...	80,341	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	778	...	...	73,506	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	916.1	...	...	456.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.95	...	...	353.76	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,780	855	930	161,325	78,565	82,760
0 to 14 years	245	125	115	25,945	13,390	12,555
0 to 4 years	70	35	35	8,650	4,485	4,165
5 to 9 years	100	50	50	9,015	4,620	4,390
10 to 14 years	75	40	30	8,280	4,285	4,000
15 to 64 years	1,085	525	555	105,220	52,335	52,885
15 to 19 years	100	55	50	9,225	4,725	4,505
20 to 24 years	75	40	35	12,750	6,410	6,340
25 to 29 years	90	45	45	11,230	5,795	5,435
30 to 34 years	75	30	45	10,230	5,270	4,960
35 to 39 years	85	40	45	10,395	5,205	5,190
40 to 44 years	80	40	45	9,190	4,480	4,710
45 to 49 years	95	35	55	9,345	4,650	4,700
50 to 54 years	195	100	90	10,890	5,305	5,590
55 to 59 years	140	65	75	11,275	5,430	5,845
60 to 64 years	150	70	80	10,685	5,070	5,610
65 years and over	455	200	255	30,155	12,835	17,315
65 to 69 years	125	65	60	9,465	4,395	5,065
70 to 74 years	110	60	55	7,560	3,485	4,080
75 to 79 years	70	25	45	5,040	2,170	2,865
80 to 84 years	75	35	50	3,825	1,540	2,280
85 years and over	65	20	45	4,275	1,245	3,025
85 to 89 years	40	20	25	2,535	850	1,675
90 to 94 years	15	5	15	1,345	325	1,020
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	350	55	290
100 years and over	0	0	5	40	5	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8	14.6	12.4	16.1	17.0	15.2
15 to 64 years	61.0	61.4	59.7	65.2	66.6	63.9
65 years and over	25.6	23.4	27.4	18.7	16.3	20.9
85 years and over	3.7	2.3	4.8	2.6	1.6	3.7
Average age of the population	46.8	45.4	48.1	41.3	39.8	42.8
Median age of the population	51.4	50.9	51.9	40.5	38.5	42.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	780	...	...	73,510	...	...
Single-detached house	535	...	...	28,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,970	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	245	...	...	42,955	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	3,625	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	2,060	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	4,390	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	150	...	...	32,690	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	195	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
1 person	270	...	...	27,865	...	...
2 persons	275	...	...	25,560	...	...
3 persons	120	...	...	8,605	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	7,645	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	3,830	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,680	...	...	156,260	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,535	725	810	135,375	65,170	70,205
Married or living common law	785	400	390	71,835	35,900	35,935
Married	600	305	295	39,230	19,630	19,605
Living common law	190	90	95	32,605	16,270	16,330
Not married and not living common law	750	330	420	63,540	29,275	34,265
Never married	395	225	170	43,085	22,735	20,350
Separated	55	25	25	1,720	785	940
Divorced	110	45	70	11,135	4,235	6,900
Widowed	190	40	150	7,595	1,515	6,080
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	495	...	...	42,525	...	...
2 persons	285	...	...	23,900	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...	7,920	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	7,320	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	3,390	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	495	...	...	42,525	...	...
Total couple families	380	...	...	35,225	...	...
Married couples	290	...	...	18,940	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	16,285	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	110	...	...	7,305	...	...
Female parent	90	...	...	5,325	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	35,225	...	...
Couples without children	220	...	...	19,525	...	...
Couples with children	165	...	...	15,695	...	...
1 child	75	...	...	5,720	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	6,740	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	3,235	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...	7,300	...	...
1 child	70	...	...	4,370	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	2,195	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	360	160	200	37,225	17,810	19,415
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
One-census-family households	470	...	...	41,960	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	210	...	...	19,295	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	265	...	...	22,670	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	280	...	...
Non-census-family households	295	...	...	31,260	...	...
One-person households	270	...	...	27,865	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	25	...	...	3,395	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,690	820	870	159,195	77,650	81,540
English only	920	480	445	2,190	1,075	1,115
French only	35	20	15	86,730	39,205	47,525
English and French	735	325	410	69,185	36,880	32,305
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,090	490	600
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,690	820	870	159,195	77,655	81,540
English	1,165	580	590	7,500	3,695	3,805
French	520	240	280	148,210	72,145	76,065
English and French	0	0	0	2,435	1,345	1,090
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,045	465	580
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	525	245	280	8,720	4,365	4,350
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	31.1	29.9	32.2	5.5	5.6	5.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,690	820	870	159,195	77,650	81,540
Single responses	1,655	805	850	157,130	76,610	80,515
Official languages	1,625	790	835	146,880	71,485	75,395
English	1,095	545	550	6,215	3,040	3,180
French	530	250	285	140,660	68,450	72,215
Non-official languages	25	10	10	10,250	5,125	5,120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	10,245	5,125	5,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,925	1,030	900
Berber languages	0	0	0	150	85	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	105	60	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	20
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,730	920	815
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	1,685	895	790
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	235	110	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	175	80	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	65	20	45
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	25	5	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	125	60	70
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	10	6,320	3,155	3,170
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	1,335	640	695
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	1,335	640	695
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	185	95	95
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5	115	45	65
Russian	0	0	0	155	55	100
Serbian	0	0	0	390	205	180
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	335	170	170
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	185	85	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	5	5	0	35	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	130	65	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,570	795	775
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	265	130	140
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	185	90	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,300	665	635
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,225	625	600
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,130	1,570	1,565
Catalan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	150	90	55
Portuguese	0	0	0	220	105	115
Romanian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Spanish	0	0	0	2,595	1,290	1,310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	970	480	485
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	20	5	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	50	30	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	175	90	85
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	195	90	105
Wolof	0	0	0	85	55	35
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	290	135	155
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	20
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	340	160	185
Chinese languages	0	0	0	340	155	180
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	250	115	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	25	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	40	15	20	2,065	1,045	1,020
English and French	35	15	20	1,170	590	585
English and non-official language	5	0	0	115	60	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	700	360	340
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	40	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,690	820	865	159,195	77,655	81,540
Single responses	1,665	810	855	155,865	76,010	79,855
Official languages	1,655	805	855	149,605	72,860	76,745
English	1,390	690	705	6,065	2,940	3,120
French	270	115	150	143,535	69,910	73,620
Non-official languages	10	5	5	6,260	3,155	3,110
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	6,260	3,150	3,105
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,030	535	495
Berber languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	965	500	465
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	930	485	445
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	60	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	4,275	2,135	2,130
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	855	420	435
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	850	415	435
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Russian	0	0	0	100	40	55
Serbian	0	0	0	290	150	140
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	215	110	105
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,245	630	620
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	195	100	100
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	170	85	90
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,050	530	520
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	30	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,010	505	505
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,100	1,055	1,050
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	155	75	80
Romanian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Spanish	0	0	0	1,830	920	905
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	365	175	190
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	65	30	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	100	50	50
Wolof	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	250	125	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	245	120	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	200	95	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	3,335	1,645	1,685
English and French	20	10	10	1,210	630	580
English and non-official language	5	5	5	165	85	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,685	790	900
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	265	140	125
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,685	820	870	159,195	77,650	81,540
None	1,285	640	645	141,755	68,745	73,010
English	165	70	100	9,265	4,820	4,445
French	235	110	120	4,570	2,305	2,265
Non-official language	10	5	10	2,890	1,430	1,460
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	10	2,885	1,425	1,460
English and French	0	0	0	295	150	145
English and non-official language	0	0	0	320	160	160
French and non-official language	0	0	5	85	30	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,445	695	745	130,400	63,420	66,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,395	675	720	126,050	61,335	64,715
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,834	30,912	20,885	31,162	35,200	27,688
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,395	675	720	126,075	61,335	64,740
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,997	28,848	20,432	28,171	31,096	25,445
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,065	525	540	111,735	55,320	56,425
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,904	30,272	17,152	28,102	32,948	23,842
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,140	530	610	100,660	46,395	54,270
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,179	12,373	9,376	7,158	5,521	8,281
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	825	430	390	88,990	45,590	43,400
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,552	34,517	20,608	29,310	32,945	26,026
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,480	710	770	130,400	63,420	66,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,420	680	740	126,155	61,315	64,835
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,176	42,655	26,407	38,874	43,280	34,708
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,415	680	740	126,175	61,320	64,855
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,043	36,718	23,928	32,424	35,326	29,681
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,060	525	535	111,865	55,315	56,545
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,425	43,823	25,113	36,264	41,628	31,016
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	545	635	100,570	46,185	54,385
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,241	10,730	9,818	8,428	7,601	9,131
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	840	435	405	88,990	45,445	43,545
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,626	40,496	26,295	36,635	40,713	32,379
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,480	715	770	130,400	63,420	66,985
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	295	165	140	37,820	20,270	17,545
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,696	56,215	41,345	44,065	48,130	40,701
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,186	57,290	46,250	51,781	56,275	46,589
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.4	76.0	68.4	82.8	86.9	77.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.3	64.6	54.7	66.2	69.3	62.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	26.9	23.5	31.3	17.2	13.1	22.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,445	695	750	130,400	63,415	66,980
Without total income	50	20	25	4,350	2,080	2,265
With total income	1,395	680	720	126,050	61,335	64,715
Percentage with total income	96.5	97.8	96.0	96.7	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	225	85	140	15,160	7,065	8,095
$10,000 to $19,999	340	145	195	25,425	10,360	15,065
$20,000 to $29,999	250	100	150	20,340	8,945	11,395
$30,000 to $39,999	170	85	85	17,380	8,370	9,010
$40,000 to $49,999	120	70	50	15,050	7,515	7,535
$50,000 to $59,999	80	50	35	10,540	5,725	4,815
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	15	6,970	3,905	3,060
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	5	5,080	2,820	2,260
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	15	3,255	1,975	1,275
$90,000 to $99,999	25	15	15	1,875	1,220	655
$100,000 and over	55	40	10	4,975	3,435	1,540
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	10	3,385	2,295	1,090
$150,000 and over	15	10	0	1,590	1,145	450
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,445	695	745	130,400	63,415	66,980
Without after-tax income	50	20	25	4,325	2,080	2,245
With after-tax income	1,395	680	715	126,075	61,335	64,735
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	97.8	96.0	96.7	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	230	90	140	15,695	7,180	8,510
$10,000 to $19,999	350	145	205	26,705	10,935	15,770
$20,000 to $29,999	280	115	165	24,770	11,280	13,490
$30,000 to $39,999	185	100	90	22,230	11,100	11,130
$40,000 to $49,999	125	75	50	15,360	8,180	7,180
$50,000 to $59,999	90	65	25	9,165	5,055	4,110
$60,000 to $69,999	45	40	10	5,325	3,050	2,280
$70,000 to $79,999	35	20	20	2,630	1,670	955
$80,000 and over	50	35	15	4,200	2,890	1,310
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	15	1,365	905	460
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	0	800	565	240
$100,000 and over	15	15	0	2,035	1,425	615
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,445	695	750	130,400	63,415	66,980
Without employment income	620	260	355	41,415	17,825	23,580
With employment income	825	430	395	88,990	45,590	43,400
Percentage with employment income	57.1	61.9	52.7	68.2	71.9	64.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	170	90	80	11,955	6,055	5,900
$5,000 to $9,999	85	35	50	7,740	3,480	4,265
$10,000 to $19,999	90	35	60	13,835	6,175	7,655
$20,000 to $29,999	85	45	40	11,710	5,460	6,245
$30,000 to $39,999	105	45	60	11,505	5,605	5,895
$40,000 to $49,999	90	50	35	9,490	4,895	4,595
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	20	6,840	4,020	2,825
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	5	4,655	2,715	1,935
$70,000 to $79,999	25	25	5	4,010	2,230	1,785
$80,000 and over	85	50	30	7,245	4,955	2,290
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	2,290	1,500	790
$90,000 to $99,999	25	10	15	1,390	915	475
$100,000 and over	40	30	10	3,575	2,545	1,030
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	45,739	...	...	51,706	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,752	...	...	45,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	270	...	...	27,870	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	21,248	...	...	27,253	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,800	...	...	25,401	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	510	...	...	45,640	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,789	...	...	72,754	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,160	...	...	63,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,450	...	...	66,719	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,899	...	...	55,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	27,840	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,278	...	...	34,594	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	21,059	...	...	29,514	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	535	...	...	45,665	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,458	...	...	86,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,067	...	...	71,597	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	780	...	...	73,505	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1,010	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	1,550	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	3,740	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	4,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	4,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	3,610	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	4,195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	4,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	4,205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	3,685	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	6,370	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	5,420	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	4,695	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	3,955	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	3,265	...	...
$100,000 and over	130	...	...	14,230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	5,900	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	3,560	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	2,895	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	1,050	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	1,565	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	3,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	4,850	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	5,275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	4,330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	5,335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	5,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	4,585	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	4,105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	7,315	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	60	...	...	6,000	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	4,755	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	3,780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	3,030	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	8,625	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	4,650	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	1,970	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	2,010	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	490	...	...	42,905	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,635	...	...	74,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,032	...	...	64,455	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	19,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,376	...	...	66,404	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,192	...	...	57,807	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	165	...	...	15,760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,136	...	...	102,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,640	...	...	86,682	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	7,155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,872	...	...	49,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,488	...	...	45,571	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	515	...	...	42,895	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,869	...	...	88,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,448	...	...	72,822	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...	19,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,893	...	...	79,513	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,467	...	...	65,933	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	15,800	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,844	...	...	114,105	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,181	...	...	92,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	7,095	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,752	...	...	56,211	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,079	...	...	49,081	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	325	150	180	34,910	16,730	18,180
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,312	22,528	20,459	24,869	25,657	24,254
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	20,928	22,208	20,416	23,638	24,090	23,279
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	290	115	180	34,885	16,670	18,220
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	24,420	29,840	20,994	32,225	32,942	31,569
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	22,819	27,017	20,166	27,734	28,020	27,473
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,685	820	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,100	505	595	97,825	47,040	50,785
In the bottom decile	285	125	155	18,970	9,375	9,595
In the second decile	250	110	140	19,585	8,790	10,795
In the third decile	205	100	110	20,690	9,905	10,780
In the fourth decile	190	90	105	20,220	9,800	10,415
In the fifth decile	175	85	85	18,355	9,165	9,190
In the top half of the distribution	580	315	265	58,435	29,705	28,730
In the sixth decile	175	95	85	17,010	8,650	8,365
In the seventh decile	130	70	55	15,035	7,595	7,440
In the eighth decile	110	65	50	11,695	5,920	5,775
In the ninth decile	105	50	55	8,605	4,440	4,160
In the top decile	65	35	25	6,095	3,100	3,000
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,685	820	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
0 to 17 years	290	155	135	30,960	15,995	14,965
0 to 5 years	90	45	45	10,485	5,440	5,045
18 to 64 years	1,015	490	520	99,075	48,975	50,100
65 years and over	385	175	205	26,230	11,775	14,450
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	390	170	220	27,830	12,895	14,935
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	4,945	2,530	2,415
0 to 5 years	30	15	10	1,610	840	770
18 to 64 years	220	95	130	17,640	8,615	9,025
65 years and over	80	25	55	5,240	1,755	3,490
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.1	20.7	25.4	17.8	16.8	18.8
0 to 17 years (%)	29.3	32.3	25.9	16.0	15.8	16.1
0 to 5 years (%)	33.3	33.3	22.2	15.4	15.4	15.3
18 to 64 years (%)	21.7	19.4	25.0	17.8	17.6	18.0
65 years and over (%)	20.8	14.3	26.8	20.0	14.9	24.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	190	85	100	15,905	8,015	7,890
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	2,540	1,275	1,260
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	825	405	420
18 to 64 years	130	55	75	12,620	6,440	6,180
65 years and over	5	0	5	745	300	445
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.3	10.4	11.6	10.2	10.4	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2	19.4	14.8	8.2	8.0	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	16.7	22.2	11.1	7.9	7.4	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	11.2	14.4	12.7	13.1	12.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.0	2.4	2.8	2.5	3.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,685	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Official languages	1,680	815	865	155,180	76,270	78,905
English	1,660	805	855	70,715	37,935	32,785
French	785	340	445	153,010	75,210	77,800
Non-official languages	20	0	10	17,505	8,520	8,985
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	17,505	8,520	8,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,540	1,300	1,235
Berber languages	0	0	0	230	155	80
Kabyle	0	0	0	170	110	55
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	20
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,445	1,240	1,205
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,400	1,230	1,170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	10	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	210	105	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	85	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	70	20	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	0	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	20	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	30	0	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	310	150	160
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	285	145	135
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	12,175	5,880	6,300
Albanian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,735	835	900
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,735	835	900
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	245	115	130
Bulgarian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Croatian	0	0	0	130	45	85
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	140	60	80
Russian	0	0	0	310	165	150
Serbian	0	0	0	535	265	270
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	345	175	170
Slovak	0	0	0	40	0	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	725	430	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dutch	0	0	0	70	45	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	605	360	245
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	115	60	55
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,785	925	855
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	415	230	185
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	75	60	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	100	60	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Urdu	0	0	0	200	90	110
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,535	770	765
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	145	70	75
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,480	750	730
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	8,135	3,805	4,330
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	0	0	0	505	225	275
Portuguese	0	0	0	410	215	190
Romanian	0	0	0	140	65	70
Spanish	10	0	10	7,340	3,420	3,925
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	25	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	1,635	835	800
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	85	55	30
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	15	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	10	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	225	110	115
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	250	140	115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	115	55	60
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	430	220	205
Wolof	0	0	0	215	105	110
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	500	255	240
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	55	15	45
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	10	45
Sign languages	0	0	0	160	60	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	110	45	65
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	345	195	155
Chinese languages	0	0	0	345	190	150
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	270	145	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	40	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	85	40	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	35	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,680	820	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,680	815	865	149,355	73,205	76,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	150	110	29,375	15,190	14,185
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,420	665	755	119,975	58,015	61,960
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	0	0	6,910	3,540	3,370
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,685	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,640	795	840	141,530	69,235	72,300
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	45	25	25	12,740	6,425	6,315
Before 1981	25	15	10	1,530	815	720
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	815	430	385
1991 to 2000	15	0	10	2,190	1,075	1,115
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	4,400	2,230	2,175
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,895	925	965
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,510	1,300	1,205
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	3,800	1,885	1,920
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,990	1,095	905
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	45	20	25	12,735	6,420	6,315
Under 5 years	20	10	10	1,880	965	920
5 to 14 years	15	0	10	2,445	1,215	1,230
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	2,075	955	1,125
25 to 44 years	15	10	10	5,550	2,880	2,670
45 years and over	0	0	0	780	410	370
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45	25	25	12,735	6,420	6,315
Americas	25	20	10	3,420	1,640	1,775
Brazil	0	0	0	140	75	65
Colombia	0	0	0	1,085	535	550
El Salvador	0	0	0	120	60	60
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	220	90	135
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	255	135	125
Peru	0	0	0	145	60	85
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	10	655	290	365
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	790	390	400
Europe	15	0	10	3,605	1,930	1,670
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	690	355	335
Croatia	0	0	0	95	50	50
France	0	0	0	1,370	765	610
Germany	0	0	0	130	80	55
Greece	0	0	0	70	40	35
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	65	45	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	30	10	25
Poland	0	0	0	90	45	40
Portugal	0	0	0	20	15	10
Romania	0	0	0	150	80	70
Russian Federation	0	0	0	140	70	70
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	115	35	80
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	95	60	35
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	480	260	220
Africa	0	0	0	3,205	1,720	1,480
Algeria	0	0	0	470	270	200
Egypt	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	535	315	220
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	2,115	1,100	1,020
Asia	10	0	0	2,495	1,115	1,380
Afghanistan	0	0	0	745	375	370
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	315	85	230
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	10
India	0	0	0	35	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	150	70	85
Iraq	0	0	0	155	75	85
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	55	35	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	245	120	120
Philippines	10	0	0	45	0	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	260	110	150
Taiwan	0	0	0	30	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	150	70	75
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	260	120	140
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	3,800	1,880	1,920
Americas	0	0	0	645	290	350
Brazil	0	0	0	40	25	20
Colombia	0	0	0	250	115	140
Cuba	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haiti	0	0	0	40	15	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	95	50	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	30	60
Europe	0	0	0	465	255	210
France	0	0	0	260	145	115
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	50	25	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	95	55	45
Africa	0	0	0	1,465	755	715
Algeria	0	0	0	150	90	65
Cameroon	0	0	0	95	55	40
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	215	100	115
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	145	60	85
Egypt	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	120	60	60
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	80	50	35
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	625	335	290
Asia	0	0	0	1,220	570	650
Afghanistan	0	0	0	450	215	230
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Iraq	0	0	0	90	40	50
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	175	90	80
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	235	100	135
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	10	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,685	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	50	30	20	15,295	7,775	7,520
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	90	45	45	8,665	4,255	4,405
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,540	745	795	132,305	64,710	67,585
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	30	15	15	11,305	5,650	5,650
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	4,335	2,300	2,030
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,905	1,260	650
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,425	1,045	1,380
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	10	15	2,125	945	1,180
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	4,715	2,340	2,375
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	130	60	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,685	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	695	325	370	1,715	835	880
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	630	295	335	1,645	805	835
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	400	190	210	835	375	465
Métis	230	105	125	760	415	345
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	0	35	0	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	30	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	985	495	490	154,540	75,910	78,635
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,685	820	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	260	105	155	310	155	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,425	715	710	155,955	76,590	79,365
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,680	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	40	55	1,390	565	830
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	90	40	50	1,360	550	810
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	40	20	15	1,190	490	700
Métis single ancestry	50	20	30	160	60	100
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	475	200	275	4,705	2,340	2,370
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	465	195	265	4,605	2,285	2,315
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	145	180	4,155	2,060	2,095
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	55	85	425	215	205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	10	105	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	80	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,115	575	535	150,160	73,845	76,320
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,685	815	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	15	10	11,430	5,700	5,730
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	450	235	210
Chinese	0	0	0	530	215	315
Black	10	15	0	3,520	1,745	1,770
Filipino	0	0	10	65	15	45
Latin American	0	0	0	2,710	1,335	1,380
Arab	0	0	0	1,935	1,035	900
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	470	235	235
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	1,295	635	655
Korean	0	0	0	60	30	35
Japanese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	285	160	125
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,665	800	860	144,830	71,045	73,785
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,680	820	865	156,260	76,745	79,515
North American Aboriginal origins	570	245	330	6,100	2,900	3,200
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	170	215	5,470	2,605	2,865
Inuit	0	0	0	65	30	35
Métis	205	75	130	695	330	360
Other North American origins	930	470	460	110,450	53,895	56,555
Acadian	0	0	0	595	255	335
American	20	10	10	895	460	430
Canadian	915	465	455	106,695	52,015	54,670
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	3,750	1,870	1,880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,120	540	585	57,085	28,250	28,835
British Isles origins	655	305	345	14,310	6,715	7,595
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	370	175	195	4,565	2,115	2,455
Irish	300	140	160	8,855	4,020	4,835
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	230	100	135	3,445	1,710	1,730
Welsh	20	15	10	230	90	145
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	350	195	155
French origins	690	305	385	42,320	21,170	21,150
Alsatian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	255	115	140
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	690	305	380	42,180	21,105	21,080
Western European origins (except French origins)	175	95	80	4,250	2,140	2,110
Austrian	0	0	0	150	85	60
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,130	585	545
Dutch	45	25	15	350	165	175
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	130	65	65	2,390	1,235	1,160
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	410	155	255
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	10	0	440	205	240
Danish	0	0	0	110	65	45
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	145	60	80
Swedish	0	0	0	85	30	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	85	45	35
Eastern European origins	50	30	15	1,730	775	950
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Czech	0	0	0	65	35	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	180	60	125
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	10	0	0	580	250	335
Romanian	0	0	0	275	150	130
Russian	10	10	0	300	120	175
Slovak	0	0	0	75	30	45
Ukrainian	20	15	10	325	135	190
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	35	0	25	5,580	2,800	2,785
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	425	195	230
Catalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	185	90	95
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	250	100	150
Italian	35	10	30	2,550	1,315	1,240
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	455	215	240
Serbian	0	0	0	610	285	325
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	1,275	650	625
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	210	130	85
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	390	170	215
Basque	0	0	0	70	40	30
Jewish	0	0	0	85	20	65
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	220	105	115
Caribbean origins	20	10	0	915	450	460
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	105	45	60
Dominican	0	0	0	110	75	35
Grenadian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	30	20	15
Haitian	0	0	0	580	270	310
Jamaican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	40	15	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	3,425	1,695	1,730
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	105	65	35
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	210	95	115
Chilean	0	0	0	125	80	50
Colombian	0	0	0	1,325	670	655
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	185	75	110
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	85	50	35
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mexican	0	0	0	505	270	240
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	195	90	105
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	220	90	120
Salvadorean	0	0	0	240	125	120
Uruguayan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	95	40	60
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	110	45	65
African origins	10	10	10	5,025	2,680	2,345
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,805	930	880
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	55	50	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	60	25	35
Cameroonian	0	0	0	230	130	105
Chadian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Congolese	0	0	0	555	255	300
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	10
Gabonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Guinean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Liberian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malian	0	0	0	100	45	50
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	50	35	20
Peulh	0	0	0	20	15	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	185	85	100
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	95	50	45
Wolof	0	0	0	25	20	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	280	150	125
North African origins	0	0	0	1,985	1,105	885
Algerian	0	0	0	440	235	210
Berber	0	0	0	380	235	145
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	205	110	100
Libyan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	705	380	325
Sudanese	0	0	0	40	35	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	265	145	115
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	790	415	375
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	95	65	30
Burundian	0	0	0	360	175	185
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	105	60	45
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	145	65	80
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Other African origins	15	0	10	560	310	250
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	0	10	530	285	240
Asian origins	15	10	10	4,955	2,410	2,545
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	3,150	1,550	1,600
Afghan	0	0	0	1,145	570	580
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	555	285	270
Armenian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian	0	0	0	255	125	130
Iraqi	0	0	0	215	85	130
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	300	180	115
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	20	10	15
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	530	235	295
Tajik	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	110	60	55
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	40	20	20
South Asian origins	10	0	10	425	235	195
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	60	35	20
East Indian	10	0	10	200	105	90
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	45	30	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	25	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	10	1,400	650	750
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	90	35	50
Chinese	0	0	0	630	260	375
Filipino	0	0	0	70	20	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	45	50
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	20	40
Laotian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	45	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	350	190	155
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	40	15	25
Australian	0	0	0	15	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Owner	470	...	...	37,920	...	...
Renter	305	...	...	35,585	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	6,515	...	...
Not condominium	775	...	...	66,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	690	...	...
1 bedroom	95	...	...	12,215	...	...
2 bedrooms	230	...	...	24,225	...	...
3 bedrooms	290	...	...	23,555	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	160	...	...	12,815	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	195	...	...	29,515	...	...
5 rooms	140	...	...	12,410	...	...
6 rooms	160	...	...	7,635	...	...
7 rooms	125	...	...	7,620	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...	16,325	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
One person or fewer per room	775	...	...	73,035	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	780	...	...	73,505	...	...
Suitable	760	...	...	71,830	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	780	...	...	73,505	...	...
1960 or before	350	...	...	14,795	...	...
1961 to 1980	255	...	...	22,570	...	...
1981 to 1990	70	...	...	11,130	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	9,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	4,150	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	5,820	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	5,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	775	...	...	73,505	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	685	...	...	69,905	...	...
Major repairs needed	90	...	...	3,600	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	780	...	...	73,505	...	...
1 household maintainer	560	...	...	45,975	...	...
2 household maintainers	205	...	...	26,680	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	775	...	...	73,510	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	4,975	...	...
25 to 34 years	85	...	...	11,825	...	...
35 to 44 years	115	...	...	11,740	...	...
45 to 54 years	160	...	...	12,935	...	...
55 to 64 years	165	...	...	13,805	...	...
65 to 74 years	140	...	...	10,995	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	5,360	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	1,865	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	775	...	...	73,395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	525	...	...	56,790	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	250	...	...	16,610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	220	...	...	14,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	470	...	...	37,860	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.8	...	...	63.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.2	...	...	11.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	932	...	...	969	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,073	...	...	1,010	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	139,798	...	...	210,819	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	157,720	...	...	241,318	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	305	...	...	35,580	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	19.7	...	...	7.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	50.8	...	...	34.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	704	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	694	...	...	680	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,480	710	770	130,400	63,415	66,980
No certificate, diploma or degree	485	245	245	23,355	11,760	11,595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	370	160	215	26,970	12,885	14,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	620	310	315	80,075	38,770	41,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	120	105	20	22,900	13,440	9,460
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	60	10	16,930	8,655	8,275
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45	35	10	5,975	4,790	1,185
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	400	160	240	24,805	10,635	14,165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	25	4,095	1,630	2,460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	60	35	30	28,270	13,055	15,210
Bachelor's degree	50	25	25	16,445	6,975	9,475
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,070	920	1,150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,245	635	605
Master's degree	10	10	0	6,555	3,205	3,345
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,960	1,330	630
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	940	400	540	82,395	40,455	41,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	195	100	100	9,635	5,350	4,290
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	290	115	170	13,880	6,940	6,940
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	455	190	265	58,875	28,170	30,710
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	55	15	17,565	9,935	7,630
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	50	40	0	13,300	6,505	6,795
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	15	0	4,270	3,435	835
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	325	120	210	16,075	7,165	8,910
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	2,605	975	1,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	25	22,630	10,095	12,540
Bachelor's degree	25	0	25	13,155	5,550	7,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,535	605	930
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,015	455	560
Master's degree	0	0	0	5,350	2,465	2,880
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,575	1,015	565
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,480	710	765	130,400	63,415	66,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	855	400	455	50,325	24,645	25,685
Education	25	10	20	6,855	1,735	5,125
13. Education	25	10	20	6,860	1,735	5,120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	10	2,360	1,020	1,345
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	415	320	95
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	1,945	695	1,250
Humanities	10	15	0	5,275	2,270	3,005
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	535	125	410
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	195	60	135
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	2,600	1,080	1,525
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	220	150	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	435	260	175
54. History	10	10	0	500	320	180
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	770	255	505
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	30	7,280	2,405	4,870
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	165	55	110
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	730	235	500
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	1,440	110	1,330
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	1,215	490	725
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	205	40	165
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,935	565	1,365
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	1,590	910	685
Business, management and public administration	125	35	85	16,280	5,900	10,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	1,215	285	925
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	35	60	15,045	5,600	9,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	3,785	2,200	1,590
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	1,470	725	740
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	355	175	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	995	590	400
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	805	615	190
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	170	85	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	0	10	2,560	1,800	760
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	10	2,155	1,570	575
25. Library science	10	0	0	115	40	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	265	170	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	165	165	0	16,370	15,205	1,165
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	260	155	110
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,795	2,365	430
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	35	0	3,595	3,255	340
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	50	0	3,655	3,580	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	3,325	3,245	85
48. Precision production	35	30	0	2,740	2,615	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	25	10	1,500	935	565
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	715	370	345
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	0	780	565	215
Health and related fields	120	10	120	12,390	2,795	9,595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	725	435	290
51. Health professions and related programs	115	0	115	11,200	2,105	9,100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	460	255	205
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	35	30	5,300	2,490	2,815
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	20	3,620	985	2,635
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	875	740	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	795	745	50
Other	0	0	0	105	20	90
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	105	20	90
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	940	405	540	82,395	40,455	41,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	490	215	270	23,520	12,290	11,230
Education	10	0	10	4,735	1,050	3,685
13. Education	15	0	15	4,735	1,055	3,685
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,670	735	935
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	325	245	80
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	10	1,340	490	850
Humanities	10	10	0	2,990	1,310	1,685
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	365	75	295
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	130	45	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,245	555	685
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	135	85	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	240	160	80
54. History	0	0	0	365	240	125
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	510	145	365
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	0	30	5,470	1,680	3,790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	145	45	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	565	205	355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	1,155	55	1,095
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	895	335	565
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	145	25	120
42. Psychology	0	0	10	1,380	350	1,030
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	1,185	660	525
Business, management and public administration	100	25	70	12,525	4,235	8,290
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	950	195	755
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	30	40	11,565	4,035	7,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	2,150	1,255	885
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,160	565	595
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	140	75	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	150	120	30
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	590	430	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	115	70	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	2,155	1,535	625
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	1,885	1,395	490
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	25	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	170	105	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	105	100	10	12,465	11,460	1,010
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	185	105	75
14. Engineering	10	0	0	2,470	2,075	395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	25	0	2,840	2,545	300
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	2,495	2,455	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	2,535	2,465	70
48. Precision production	20	15	0	1,940	1,825	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	1,245	755	495
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	595	300	300
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	645	455	195
Health and related fields	100	0	100	9,175	2,130	7,040
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	565	335	235
51. Health professions and related programs	100	0	100	8,230	1,610	6,620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	385	190	190
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	30	30	4,215	2,005	2,210
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	20	2,810	755	2,050
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	720	600	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	25	0	675	635	40
Other	0	0	0	85	15	70
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	85	15	75
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,480	710	770	130,400	63,415	66,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	855	400	455	50,325	24,645	25,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	620	305	310	80,070	38,770	41,300
Location of study inside Canada	610	305	305	75,415	36,180	39,235
Same as province or territory of residence	590	295	300	74,075	35,480	38,595
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	1,340	700	640
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	10	4,660	2,590	2,065
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	470	325	145
Philippines	0	0	0	25	0	25
India	0	0	0	30	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	90	70	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	85	35	50
France	0	0	0	1,310	765	545
Other	0	10	0	2,635	1,370	1,270
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	940	400	540	82,395	40,455	41,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	485	215	275	23,515	12,285	11,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	455	190	270	58,875	28,170	30,710
Location of study inside Canada	450	185	260	55,125	26,195	28,930
Same as province or territory of residence	445	180	265	54,175	25,730	28,445
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	945	470	485
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	3,755	1,970	1,780
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	310	190	120
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	25
India	0	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	55	35	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	65	25	45
France	0	0	0	990	560	425
Other	0	0	0	2,290	1,140	1,150
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,480	710	770	130,400	63,415	66,985
In the labour force	685	345	345	81,740	41,845	39,895
Employed	580	255	325	76,080	38,700	37,390
Unemployed	100	85	20	5,655	3,145	2,505
Not in the labour force	795	370	425	48,660	21,575	27,090
Participation rate	46.3	48.6	44.8	62.7	66.0	59.6
Employment rate	39.2	35.9	42.2	58.3	61.0	55.8
Unemployment rate	14.6	24.6	5.8	6.9	7.5	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,480	710	770	130,400	63,420	66,985
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	730	325	405	44,895	19,615	25,285
Worked	750	385	370	85,505	43,805	41,700
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	305	165	140	38,575	20,790	17,780
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	445	220	230	46,930	23,015	23,915
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.5	37.3	41.7	42.2	42.0	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	685	340	345	81,740	41,840	39,895
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	15	0	2,075	1,050	1,025
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	670	325	340	79,665	40,795	38,870
Employee	620	305	315	71,320	36,080	35,240
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	45	20	25	8,345	4,710	3,630
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	690	340	345	81,740	41,845	39,895
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	0	2,075	1,055	1,025
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	665	330	340	79,660	40,790	38,870
0 Management occupations	45	25	25	6,510	4,030	2,480
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	85	15	70	11,130	3,415	7,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	40	0	5,260	4,340	920
3 Health occupations	75	0	75	7,915	1,770	6,140
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	75	10	70	12,005	3,935	8,070
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	10	0	2,155	1,075	1,075
6 Sales and service occupations	160	65	95	19,465	8,805	10,665
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	120	10	9,690	9,280	410
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	875	775	95
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	40	0	4,655	3,360	1,290
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	685	340	345	81,740	41,845	39,895
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	10	2,080	1,050	1,025
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	670	330	340	79,665	40,790	38,870
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	725	525	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	0	100	90	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	240	195	40
23 Construction	75	60	20	4,375	3,885	495
31-33 Manufacturing	35	30	0	10,465	8,000	2,460
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	10	1,940	1,395	545
44-45 Retail trade	80	35	50	10,225	4,835	5,385
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	30	10	1,915	1,510	400
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,275	850	425
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	10	2,065	715	1,350
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	950	565	390
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	15	10	4,785	2,710	2,085
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	15	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	3,195	1,985	1,215
61 Educational services	35	10	25	9,150	3,400	5,750
62 Health care and social assistance	135	0	130	13,385	2,965	10,415
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	1,255	740	515
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	25	5,885	2,500	3,385
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	20	30	3,810	1,725	2,085
91 Public administration	60	35	20	3,890	2,195	1,700
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	580	255	325	76,080	38,695	37,385
Worked at home	25	10	15	4,555	2,275	2,280
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	235	165	70
No fixed workplace address	80	65	10	5,575	4,210	1,370
Worked at usual place	475	185	295	65,710	32,050	33,660
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	480	180	295	65,715	32,050	33,660
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	295	80	215	53,980	25,105	28,875
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	145	70	80	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	15	0	11,620	6,870	4,745
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	110	70	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	555	250	305	71,285	36,255	35,030
Car, truck, van - as a driver	450	190	260	59,390	30,805	28,590
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	10	2,900	1,140	1,760
Public transit	0	0	0	3,815	1,575	2,235
Walked	60	20	40	4,075	1,965	2,110
Bicycle	0	0	0	560	480	80
Other method	20	20	0	550	295	260
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	555	250	310	71,290	36,260	35,035
Less than 15 minutes	305	105	200	27,425	13,525	13,900
15 to 29 minutes	60	35	25	32,065	15,725	16,340
30 to 44 minutes	50	40	15	7,855	4,490	3,370
45 to 59 minutes	80	30	55	1,990	1,180	810
60 minutes and over	60	40	20	1,945	1,335	610
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	555	245	310	71,285	36,255	35,035
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	35	25	10	2,450	1,730	715
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	145	80	65	10,615	7,415	3,195
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	140	55	90	25,510	12,230	13,280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	100	30	70	15,920	6,565	9,355
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	65	15	50	5,690	2,380	3,305
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	75	40	35	11,100	5,930	5,175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	790	395	390	88,050	44,940	43,115
Single responses	730	375	355	84,885	43,200	41,685
Official languages	730	380	355	84,665	43,100	41,560
English	695	375	320	4,000	2,140	1,865
French	35	0	30	80,660	40,965	39,700
Non-official languages	0	0	0	220	95	125
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	215	95	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	25	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	150	55	95
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	40	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	15	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	20	60
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	75	20	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	0	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	20	35	3,165	1,735	1,430
English and French	60	25	35	3,000	1,660	1,340
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	85	30	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	785	395	390	88,050	44,940	43,115
None	630	345	290	62,980	31,725	31,255
English	20	0	20	21,790	11,490	10,300
French	135	50	80	2,525	1,350	1,170
Non-official language	0	10	0	470	215	255
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	465	210	255
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	235	115	115
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,680	815	860	154,575	75,880	78,695
Non-movers	1,510	735	770	129,475	63,470	66,005
Movers	170	80	90	25,100	12,410	12,690
Non-migrants	105	50	50	17,360	8,675	8,685
Migrants	65	25	35	7,740	3,735	4,010
Internal migrants	65	25	40	5,730	2,730	2,995
Intraprovincial migrants	65	25	40	5,415	2,555	2,865
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	310	175	130
External migrants	0	0	0	2,015	1,005	1,010
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,620	775	845	147,640	72,330	75,310
Non-movers	1,075	540	535	83,455	40,670	42,785
Movers	550	235	310	64,180	31,655	32,525
Non-migrants	355	165	200	42,080	20,785	21,300
Migrants	190	70	120	22,100	10,875	11,230
Internal migrants	190	70	120	16,990	8,380	8,610
Intraprovincial migrants	180	65	110	16,165	7,965	8,200
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	830	415	410
External migrants	0	0	0	5,110	2,495	2,620

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario and Sherbrooke, TÉ [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario and Sherbrooke, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario and Sherbrooke, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawa [Population centre], Ontario and Sherbrooke, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec