Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa - Gatineau Ontario/Quebec [Population centre]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec  Map : Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	989,567	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	945,592 r	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.7	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	439,953	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	412,533	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,900.0	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	520.82	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	989,585	479,125	510,465	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	163,945	83,475	80,475	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	53,575	27,245	26,330	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	56,635	28,810	27,820	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	53,740	27,415	26,325	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	673,790	328,910	344,880	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	57,940	29,395	28,550	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	74,270	37,115	37,155	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	70,885	35,210	35,680	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	68,095	33,195	34,895	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	65,400	31,325	34,070	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	65,225	31,355	33,865	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	67,100	32,420	34,675	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	75,240	36,710	38,530	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	70,815	34,010	36,805	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	58,825	28,175	30,645	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	151,845	66,735	85,110	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	50,755	24,020	26,735	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	35,760	16,480	19,280	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	25,805	11,445	14,360	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	18,955	7,945	11,015	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	20,565	6,845	13,720	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	12,485	4,605	7,880	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	6,195	1,850	4,350	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	1,655	365	1,290	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	230	30	200	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.4	15.8	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	68.1	68.6	67.6	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	15.3	13.9	16.7	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.7	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.0	39.0	41.0	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	39.6	38.4	40.6	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	412,535	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	151,140	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	73,860	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	186,995	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,005	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	71,820	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	13,300	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	69,275	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	595	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	545	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	412,535	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	130,115	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	136,345	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	61,560	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	54,520	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	30,000	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	970,315	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	825,635	395,645	429,990	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	444,795	222,375	222,420	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	348,295	173,775	174,520	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	96,500	48,600	47,900	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	380,845	173,275	207,570	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	262,790	136,390	126,405	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	21,720	8,740	12,975	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	54,960	19,835	35,120	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	41,375	8,310	33,065	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	265,750	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	133,290	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	57,335	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	52,135	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	22,985	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	265,750	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	216,715	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	168,485	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	48,230	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	49,035	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	38,910	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	10,130	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	216,715	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	104,005	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	112,715	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	43,190	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	48,160	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	21,365	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	49,035	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	29,285	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	14,145	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	5,605	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	199,465	93,025	106,440	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	412,535	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	255,280	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	99,905	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	155,375	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5,155	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	152,100	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	130,115	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	21,985	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	977,440	474,150	503,290	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	433,850	220,225	213,620	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	79,305	34,555	44,755	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	450,720	213,930	236,785	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	13,565	5,445	8,125	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	977,435	474,150	503,290	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	614,885	303,700	311,180	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	322,135	152,060	170,080	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	27,205	13,120	14,085	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	13,215	5,265	7,950	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	628,485	158,620	177,120	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	64.3	33.5	35.2	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	977,440	474,145	503,290	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	941,140	456,745	484,395	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	744,295	363,705	380,590	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	449,140	223,855	225,290	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	295,150	139,850	155,295	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	196,850	93,045	103,805	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	945	385	565	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	570	250	315	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	430	200	230	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	5	5	5	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	5	5	5	5
Moose Cree	5	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	10	5	5	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	60	25	35	55	25	30
Plains Cree	15	5	5	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	10	5	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	355	135	225
Woods Cree	5	0	5	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	290	135	150	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	10	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	120	40	80	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	40	20	30	65	30	35
Ojibway	65	20	45	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	5	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	5	0	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	325	110	215	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	5	5	5	5
Inuktitut	290	95	195	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	30	10	20	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	20	10	15	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	195,905	92,660	103,245	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	48,305	24,300	24,005	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	860	475	390	725	405	320
Kabyle	565	300	265	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	295	170	125	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	6,685	2,900	3,785	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	50	25	20	250	140	110
Oromo	210	115	95	1,445	720	730
Somali	6,325	2,715	3,615	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	95	40	55	225	115	110
Semitic languages	40,685	20,885	19,800	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	1,385	650	735	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	37,895	19,540	18,355	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	45	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	55	25	30	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	295	160	140	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	25	5	15	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	875	425	450	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,100	2,825	3,275	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,000	450	550	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	5,085	2,370	2,720	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	7,245	2,610	4,635	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	30	10	15	595	260	330
Cebuano	340	110	225	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	5	0	5	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	105	35	70	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	540	210	330	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	105	50	55	100	45	55
Malay	360	145	220	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	30	15	15	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,550	1,965	3,585	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	35	15	20	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	125	50	75	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	5,135	2,180	2,955	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	380	165	215	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	4,570	1,930	2,640	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	185	80	100	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	3,010	1,575	1,435	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	165	90	80	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	555	290	265	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	1,875	960	910	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	395	220	175	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	84,250	40,095	44,155	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	585	280	300	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	455	225	230	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	18,455	8,265	10,190	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	375	160	215	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	200	90	115	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	175	70	100	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	18,085	8,105	9,975	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	35	20	20	515	230	280
Bosnian	605	280	325	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	915	430	485	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	990	465	525	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	785	345	435	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	65	25	40	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	4,730	2,125	2,605	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	4,990	2,110	2,880	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	2,060	1,015	1,050	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	800	395	405	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	450	190	260	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	170	75	95	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	1,445	595	845	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	95	45	50	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	30	20	10	450	210	240
Welsh	45	15	30	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	225	120	110
Germanic languages	7,030	3,170	3,870	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	110	50	55	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	230	105	125	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	1,665	785	880	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	30	15	15	1,240	630	620
German	4,375	1,910	2,470	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	15	10	5	210	100	110
Norwegian	115	50	65	940	405	540
Swedish	230	115	120	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	75	35	40	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	170	90	80	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	170	80	85
Greek	1,955	1,020	935	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	23,440	11,880	11,560	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	15,305	7,775	7,530	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	2,980	1,490	1,495	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	1,175	610	555	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	2,315	1,190	1,120	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	10	5	5	345	170	175
Konkani	95	50	45	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	240	120	120	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	915	435	480	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	15	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,140	1,625	1,515	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	225	105	120	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	710	355	360	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	3,455	1,765	1,690	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	8,050	4,050	4,000	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	675	360	310	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	975	490	485	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	6,400	3,200	3,200	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	32,240	15,210	17,030	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	30	15	15	285	150	135
Italian	8,160	4,035	4,125	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	6,100	2,910	3,185	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	2,925	1,360	1,570	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	15,000	6,870	8,130	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	420	200	215
Japanese	950	285	660	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	35	15	20	1,200	635	565
Georgian	35	15	20	1,200	635	565
Korean	1,845	770	1,070	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	35	15	15	405	180	220
Mongolian	40	20	20	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	8,085	3,715	4,370	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	335	165	170	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	145	60	75	140	60	80
Edo	40	25	15	1,140	475	670
Ewe	165	75	90	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	245	125	125	365	180	185
Ga	45	25	20	600	275	325
Ganda	130	60	70	760	360	400
Igbo	190	100	90	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	490	205	285	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,435	655	785	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,130	445	685	1,330	545	785
Shona	100	35	65	1,455	660	790
Swahili	1,520	700	825	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	265	125	140	290	145	150
Yoruba	235	120	115	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,625	805	820	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	335	150	180	1,610	810	800
Dinka	85	40	40	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	105	140	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	220	95	125	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	70	20	45	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	30	10	15	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	120	60	60	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	26,395	12,185	14,215	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	25,590	11,790	13,795	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	8,650	4,025	4,625	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	130	50	80	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	14,845	6,815	8,030	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	35	15	20	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	605	255	345	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	340	150	190	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	960	470	495	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	815	395	420	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	235	115	115	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	320	160	165	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	90	50	40	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	160	70	90	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	635	215	415	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	305	140	170	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	330	80	250	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	1,405	715	690	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	95	60	40	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	1,165	595	570	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	15	5	10	515	255	260
Uzbek	80	35	45	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	640	295	345
Uralic languages	1,730	795	930	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	135	55	75	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	245	90	155	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	1,350	655	700	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	185	105	85	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	36,295	17,405	18,895	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	14,550	6,970	7,575	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	13,430	6,540	6,890	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	5,660	2,635	3,020	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	2,655	1,255	1,400	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	977,440	474,150	503,290	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	916,425	445,340	471,085	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	817,415	398,620	418,800	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	553,945	273,975	279,970	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	263,475	124,640	138,830	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	99,010	46,720	52,285	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	395	180	215	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	260	125	135	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	245	120	125	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	25	10	20	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	185	95	90	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	5	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	130	55	80	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	115	50	70	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	5	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	98,610	46,540	52,075	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	27,020	13,045	13,970	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	435	220	210	345	175	170
Kabyle	345	175	170	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	45	40	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	3,880	1,600	2,280	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	30	10	15	170	80	85
Oromo	125	65	60	805	380	425
Somali	3,675	1,500	2,170	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	110	50	65
Semitic languages	22,685	11,210	11,475	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	805	380	425	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	21,280	10,540	10,735	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	10	20	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	15	10	10	555	250	305
Hebrew	110	65	50	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	5	0	0	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	410	190	220	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,685	1,710	1,975	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	470	215	255	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	3,210	1,490	1,715	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	3,145	1,320	1,830	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	5	0	0	90	35	55
Cebuano	115	50	70	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	910	385	530
Ilocano	220	100	115	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	20	10	10	35	15	20
Malay	105	45	60	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	445	200	250
Pangasinan	10	5	5	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,580	1,070	1,520	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	380	175	200
Creole languages	2,130	875	1,255	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	195	85	115	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	1,870	765	1,105	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	1,485	740	745	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	50	30	20	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	245	125	120	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	1,025	495	530	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	160	90	70	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	38,280	18,160	20,115	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	270	125	145	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	220	100	120	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	8,495	3,965	4,535	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	80	35	50	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	45	20	25	860	350	515
Lithuanian	40	20	20	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	8,415	3,930	4,485	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	20	10	10	175	80	90
Bosnian	345	170	175	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	485	230	260	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	375	170	205	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	180	85	100	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	20	10	10	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	1,695	765	925	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	2,875	1,295	1,580	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	1,355	690	665	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	440	220	215	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	145	70	80	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	5	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	455	205	250	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	355	160	190
Celtic languages	10	5	5	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	60	30	25
Welsh	5	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	785	350	435	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	20	10	15	755	365	390
Danish	10	5	10	280	135	150
Dutch	125	60	65	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	0	0	0	90	45	45
German	545	235	310	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Norwegian	10	5	5	70	30	40
Swedish	50	30	20	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	15	5	5	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	605	290	320	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	12,835	6,315	6,520	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	8,090	4,045	4,050	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	1,775	860	910	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	490	255	235	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	1,055	545	515	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	5	5	5	65	30	35
Konkani	30	15	20	540	260	280
Marathi	100	40	55	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	730	360	370	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,775	900	875	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	50	20	30	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	350	170	180	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	1,710	860	845	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	4,725	2,260	2,465	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	400	210	190	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	605	295	310	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	3,710	1,745	1,960	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	15,045	7,005	8,045	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	15	5	10	135	60	75
Italian	2,375	1,065	1,310	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	2,705	1,275	1,425	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	1,535	735	805	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	8,410	3,920	4,485	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	110	50	60
Japanese	370	125	240	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	770	420	355
Georgian	10	0	5	775	420	355
Korean	1,005	455	545	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	20	15	5	225	115	110
Mongolian	20	10	5	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	2,195	1,000	1,205	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	120	55	65	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	30	10	15	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	305	120	180
Ewe	30	15	20	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	110	55	55
Ga	10	0	5	175	80	100
Ganda	30	15	15	195	85	110
Igbo	60	30	25	540	265	275
Lingala	110	40	70	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	460	225	235	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	330	130	205	420	160	260
Shona	20	15	10	455	210	245
Swahili	545	250	290	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	100	45	50	130	65	65
Yoruba	55	30	30	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	245	115	135	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	40	50	550	260	290
Dinka	30	15	10	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	60	25	40	425	195	225
Sign languages	295	150	150	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	90	40	55	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	15	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	170	95	80	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,455	8,230	9,225	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	16,880	7,955	8,925	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	5,015	2,300	2,715	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	50	15	30	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	10,840	5,165	5,675	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	15	5	10	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	225	90	135	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	175	90	90	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	565	290	270	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	575	275	300	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	150	70	80	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	250	120	130	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	70	35	35	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	245	100	145	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	155	70	85	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	90	25	60	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	730	345	380	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	35	20	20	770	385	380
Turkish	625	295	325	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	10	0	5	290	150	140
Uzbek	45	20	25	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	250	130	120
Uralic languages	425	195	230	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	20	5	10	790	290	500
Finnish	30	15	15	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	375	180	200	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	465	245	225
Multiple responses	61,010	28,810	32,200	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	16,010	7,470	8,535	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	32,570	15,695	16,880	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	6,725	2,995	3,735	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	5,705	2,650	3,050	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	977,440	474,150	503,290	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	731,705	358,115	373,590	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	102,760	49,000	53,760	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	65,100	30,440	34,660	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	66,960	31,505	35,455	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	505	195	310	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	66,450	31,305	35,140	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	3,580	1,710	1,870	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	3,370	1,620	1,750	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	3,870	1,710	2,160	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	100	50	50	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	806,590	387,750	418,840	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,720	371,225	401,495	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,042	44,578	36,381	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,970	371,250	401,720	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,354	38,833	32,532	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	697,670	340,055	357,615	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,669	44,956	34,982	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	548,210	243,755	304,455	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,086	2,241	5,486	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	573,735	287,415	286,320	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,975	42,209	35,998	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	806,730	387,795	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,840	371,070	401,770	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,523	57,733	45,788	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	773,095	371,075	402,015	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,997	46,276	38,048	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	698,020	339,930	358,090	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,407	58,478	44,694	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	547,675	243,305	304,370	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,187	6,348	7,857	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	573,945	286,775	287,170	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,818	55,260	44,383	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	806,730	387,800	418,930	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	286,395	151,445	134,945	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	62,018	65,432	59,128	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	70,308	75,639	64,325	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.1	92.8	86.9	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	71.7	73.9	69.3	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.9	7.2	13.1	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	806,585	387,745	418,840	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	33,870	16,525	17,340	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	772,720	371,225	401,490	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.7	95.9	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	101,995	48,170	53,830	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	119,235	50,155	69,080	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	88,630	37,970	50,660	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	76,155	34,125	42,030	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	71,450	32,200	39,250	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	64,375	29,920	34,455	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	55,935	27,325	28,610	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	44,115	22,505	21,610	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	37,470	19,830	17,640	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	30,725	16,315	14,410	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	82,635	52,715	29,915	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	59,790	36,710	23,080	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	22,840	16,005	6,835	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	806,585	387,745	418,840	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	33,615	16,500	17,120	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	772,970	371,250	401,720	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.7	95.9	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	106,505	49,030	57,470	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	124,225	52,825	71,405	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	104,015	45,470	58,545	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	96,015	43,360	52,655	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	88,600	40,820	47,780	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	73,475	35,765	37,710	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	55,960	29,130	26,830	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	43,515	23,420	20,095	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	80,655	51,425	29,235	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	29,325	17,120	12,205	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	16,495	10,420	6,075	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	34,830	23,885	10,950	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	806,585	387,750	418,835	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	232,850	100,335	132,520	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	573,735	287,415	286,320	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	71.1	74.1	68.4	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	68,565	33,565	35,000	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	43,065	19,635	23,435	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	72,195	33,385	38,805	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	57,400	27,200	30,200	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	50,800	24,730	26,070	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	47,790	22,325	25,460	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	45,445	21,130	24,310	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	39,780	19,265	20,515	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	31,580	16,115	15,465	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	117,120	70,050	47,065	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	29,815	15,610	14,205	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	24,700	13,360	11,340	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	62,600	41,085	21,520	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	412,530	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,185	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,965	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	130,115	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,768	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,912	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	282,415	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,714	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,020	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,519	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,700	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	130,040	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,644	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,969	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	282,515	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,713	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,146	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	412,535	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	7,130	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,180	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	11,755	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,915	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	13,775	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,755	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	14,330	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,955	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15,280	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,210	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30,345	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	29,370	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	26,680	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25,240	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	22,925	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	150,705	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45,735	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	32,485	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	39,905	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	32,580	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	412,535	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	7,470	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,280	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	11,900	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15,575	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,540	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	16,010	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	17,635	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	18,820	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	19,345	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,495	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	37,500	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	34,185	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	31,215	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	27,340	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	23,235	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	110,975	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	43,270	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	28,350	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	39,355	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	265,825	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,628	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,365	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	97,695	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,416	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,219	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	113,195	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,788	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,479	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	46,610	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,105	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,828	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	265,975	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,849	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,566	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	97,740	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,645	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,440	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	113,445	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	145,906	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,727	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	46,420	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,797	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,084	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	177,695	84,030	93,665	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	36,682	35,255	37,807	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,680	31,421	33,663	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	177,200	83,695	93,505	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	46,323	46,066	46,553	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,284	37,850	38,673	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	970,320	471,105	499,220	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	420,725	200,320	220,400	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	101,860	49,920	51,940	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	82,395	38,210	44,185	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	76,780	36,375	40,400	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	77,475	36,605	40,870	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	82,215	39,210	43,005	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	549,595	270,780	278,820	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	89,750	42,975	46,775	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	98,535	47,735	50,800	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	110,490	54,410	56,080	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	127,625	63,305	64,320	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	123,195	62,360	60,835	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	970,320	471,105	499,215	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	196,135	99,865	96,265	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	64,610	32,885	31,725	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	635,690	308,520	327,175	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	138,495	62,715	75,780	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	136,210	64,340	71,870	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	34,680	17,880	16,800	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	12,110	6,285	5,825	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	86,255	40,690	45,570	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	15,275	5,770	9,505	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.0	13.7	14.4	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.7	17.9	17.5	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	18.7	19.1	18.4	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.6	13.2	13.9	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	11.0	9.2	12.5	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	119,810	58,070	61,740	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	27,045	13,920	13,125	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	9,575	4,975	4,605	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	82,040	40,220	41,820	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	10,725	3,925	6,800	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.3	12.3	12.4	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	13.9	13.6	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	15.1	14.5	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.9	13.0	12.8	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	7.7	6.3	9.0	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	970,805	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	957,265	465,840	491,430	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	878,805	431,505	447,295	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	527,240	247,165	280,080	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	282,135	132,755	149,375	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	1,550	570	980	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	905	350	560	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	10	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	565	210	350	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	10	0	10	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	10	15	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	20	10	10	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	80	40	45	65	25	45
Plains Cree	10	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	60	15	40	605	255	350
Woods Cree	20	15	10	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	355	125	230	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	30	25	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	50	30	25	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	300	115	190	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	80	30	50	205	95	105
Ojibway	205	75	130	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	10	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	575	210	365	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuktitut	525	195	325	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	55	15	40	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	55	15	40	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	280,655	132,215	148,440	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	67,235	33,920	33,315	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	1,205	655	550	925	505	415
Kabyle	795	400	395	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	420	260	160	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	9,305	4,175	5,130	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	90	50	35	355	200	160
Oromo	375	170	205	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	8,780	3,910	4,875	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	370	170	205
Semitic languages	58,050	29,785	28,275	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	1,965	945	1,020	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	53,930	27,805	26,120	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	20	55	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	25	15	10	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	1,510	810	705	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	45	15	30	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	1,130	475	660	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	155	85	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	95	95	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,830	3,750	4,080	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,305	595	705	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	6,555	3,175	3,380	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	9,610	3,585	6,025	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	30	10	20	755	340	425
Cebuano	475	170	300	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	10	0	10	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	170	65	105	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	655	275	380	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	200	100	100	215	115	100
Malay	585	260	330	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	20	40	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	55	25	25	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	8,490	3,090	5,395	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	30	10	25	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	11,515	4,945	6,575	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	645	265	385	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	10,290	4,410	5,870	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	625	280	350	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	4,045	2,070	1,975	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	340	175	165	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	755	350	405	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	2,560	1,315	1,250	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	680	375	305	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	133,455	62,655	70,800	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	695	315	375	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	660	340	315	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	22,790	10,515	12,270	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	455	200	260	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	250	95	155	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	205	100	105	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	22,415	10,355	12,070	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	130	55	80	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	955	435	525	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	1,095	515	585	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	1,765	830	930	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	1,130	510	625	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	120	45	75	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	5,500	2,525	2,980	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	8,220	3,825	4,395	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	2,450	1,190	1,260	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	845	455	390	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	760	315	450	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	110	115	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	2,115	865	1,250	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	50	15	30	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	335	160	175	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	135	60	70	1,480	720	765
Welsh	70	35	40	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	130	65	60	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	15,070	7,215	7,855	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	320	165	155	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	375	200	180	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	2,265	1,065	1,200	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	40	10	30	1,655	820	835
German	11,300	5,420	5,880	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	55	25	30	285	130	155
Norwegian	275	125	155	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	530	260	270	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	110	50	65	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	345	180	160	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	2,950	1,495	1,450	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	30,895	15,755	15,140	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	21,920	11,215	10,710	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	3,835	1,985	1,855	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	1,820	990	830	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	8,675	4,565	4,110	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	0	10	0	600	300	300
Konkani	100	55	45	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	420	220	205	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	1,280	650	630	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	60	30	30	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,245	2,740	2,505	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	395	175	220	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	865	400	465	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	6,095	3,030	3,065	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	9,485	4,820	4,665	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	810	450	355	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	1,275	670	605	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	8,130	4,095	4,035	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	185	105	80	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	65,715	29,605	36,110	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	90	45	45	515	275	240
Italian	15,035	7,205	7,830	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	8,500	4,155	4,340	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	3,370	1,630	1,745	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	42,570	18,380	24,185	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	35	1,355	745	605
Japanese	2,420	1,165	1,250	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	50	25	20	1,555	775	780
Georgian	45	20	20	1,555	770	785
Korean	2,370	1,020	1,350	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	55	25	25	515	225	285
Mongolian	50	25	25	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	15,390	7,110	8,280	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	615	320	295	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	370	165	205	385	195	185
Edo	115	50	65	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	355	185	175	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	415	195	225	700	320	375
Ga	140	75	65	1,340	645	695
Ganda	205	70	140	1,225	550	675
Igbo	320	185	135	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	2,355	1,025	1,325	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,415	1,065	1,350	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,790	765	1,025	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	165	60	100	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	4,080	1,885	2,190	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	685	320	355	730	355	375
Yoruba	825	445	380	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,660	1,780	1,880	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	185	85	105	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	190	80	110	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	1,560	600	960	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	785	250	530	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	180	60	125	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	665	315	350	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	30,150	14,220	15,930	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	29,275	13,805	15,470	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	10,780	5,130	5,650	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	205	90	110	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	19,885	9,145	10,740	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	30	15	20	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	860	375	485	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	335	150	190	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	915	495	425	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	0	15	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	910	430	475	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	300	140	165	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	370	185	180	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	50	30	20	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	345	145	200	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	895	365	530	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	355	155	200	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	595	230	365	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	2,145	1,055	1,090	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	140	85	55	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	1,760	865	885	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	45	25	15	700	350	345
Uzbek	120	40	75	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	915	450	465
Uralic languages	2,095	955	1,140	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	180	75	105	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	330	140	190	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	1,590	745	845	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	530	315	220	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	970,800	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	904,880	439,540	465,340	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	185,650	94,515	91,140	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	719,225	345,020	374,200	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	65,920	31,655	34,270	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	970,800	471,190	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	740,880	362,000	378,880	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	213,875	100,850	113,020	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	48,560	23,245	25,315	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	28,050	13,530	14,520	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	47,060	21,580	25,475	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	56,195	26,245	29,955	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	25,875	12,050	13,830	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	30,325	14,195	16,130	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	34,000	16,245	17,755	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	16,050	8,340	7,710	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	213,875	100,850	113,020	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	22,945	11,195	11,750	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	38,405	19,725	18,680	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	44,775	20,305	24,465	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	90,095	41,740	48,350	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	17,655	7,890	9,765	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	213,875	100,850	113,025	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	35,320	15,720	19,600	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	1,015	480	540	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	2,560	1,065	1,495	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	1,945	915	1,030	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	1,260	600	660	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	7,940	3,385	4,550	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	2,810	1,210	1,605	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	1,505	620	890	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	1,075	520	555	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	1,115	435	680	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	7,270	3,400	3,870	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	6,820	3,090	3,730	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	51,435	24,490	26,945	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,030	975	1,055	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	880	420	460	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	3,765	1,735	2,035	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	3,280	1,385	1,900	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	880	465	415	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	700	345	350	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	660	295	365	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	5,080	2,650	2,425	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	1,395	680	710	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	3,515	1,580	1,935	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	3,100	1,495	1,610	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	2,675	1,300	1,370	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	2,405	975	1,430	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	905	430	475	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	1,580	730	855	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,800	5,965	5,840	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	6,790	3,070	3,720	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	38,235	18,280	19,945	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	2,065	1,060	1,005	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	3,135	1,665	1,470	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	2,145	1,005	1,140	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	1,020	520	505	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	2,665	1,310	1,350	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	1,235	575	660	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	3,810	1,475	2,335	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	730	400	330	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	21,420	10,265	11,150	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	88,190	41,990	46,200	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	2,250	1,145	1,100	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	2,435	1,270	1,170	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	14,135	6,005	8,130	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,445	1,210	1,235	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	8,435	4,270	4,165	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,120	2,075	2,045	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	3,605	1,925	1,685	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	645	145	500	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,510	670	845	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	12,615	6,590	6,025	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	3,280	1,605	1,675	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	8,265	3,105	5,160	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	1,845	885	960	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,350	1,695	1,655	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	680	270	405	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	4,855	2,235	2,620	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	13,710	6,880	6,830	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	695	375	325	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	34,005	16,245	17,755	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	5,040	2,350	2,690	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	180	110	70	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	495	230	270	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	195	90	105	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	1,675	745	935	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	135	75	55	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	290	115	175	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,125	585	540	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	155	55	100	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	790	350	440	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	3,040	1,450	1,585	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	600	300	300	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	165	70	95	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	90	55	30	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	55	20	30	880	400	480
Romania	230	105	120	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	300	100	205	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	205	100	105	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	445	250	195	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	955	460	500	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	9,370	4,445	4,930	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	375	160	215	415	180	240
Cameroon	725	395	325	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,060	450	615	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	390	180	215	605	245	360
Egypt	760	410	345	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	245	115	130	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	330	120	210	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	480	225	250	655	275	375
Nigeria	430	195	235	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	375	155	220	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	75	45	30	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	205	100	105	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	3,925	1,890	2,035	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	16,450	7,955	8,500	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	535	280	260	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	540	270	270	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,110	865	1,245	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	40	30	1,985	800	1,190
India	1,610	905	705	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	815	390	425	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	1,100	575	525	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	80	35	40	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	105	25	85	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	220	80	135	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	1,035	545	490	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	280	155	120	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	580	310	265	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	2,565	1,040	1,520	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	330	195	135	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	195	85	110	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,030	1,080	955	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	35	10	30	1,015	435	580
Turkey	160	85	70	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	315	190	125	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	205	80	120	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	1,545	710	835	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	95	45	50	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	80	50	35	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	20	0	20	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	970,805	471,190	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	239,025	113,920	125,110	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	178,580	89,525	89,060	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	553,195	267,750	285,440	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	168,150	79,045	89,105	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	75,115	37,765	37,350	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	31,575	18,995	12,580	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	43,535	18,770	24,775	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	47,850	19,285	28,565	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	43,130	21,115	22,020	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	2,055	885	1,165	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	970,800	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	28,300	13,155	15,150	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	26,945	12,570	14,370	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	13,200	6,065	7,135	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	12,620	6,015	6,605	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	1,125	490	630	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	595	240	350	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	765	340	420	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	942,495	458,035	484,465	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	970,800	471,195	499,605	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,220	3,230	3,990	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	963,580	467,960	495,620	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	970,805	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,955	3,630	4,330	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,785	3,555	4,230	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,600	2,575	3,030	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	1,665	755	905	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	515	220	300	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	170	80	95	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	155	75	80	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	46,340	21,135	25,195	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	45,125	20,635	24,485	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,035	15,005	18,030	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,210	5,225	5,985	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	880	405	475	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,210	500	710	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,085	445	635	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	50	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	0	25	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	916,510	446,425	470,085	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	970,800	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	243,385	118,095	125,295	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	32,705	16,820	15,890	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	33,670	15,905	17,770	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	71,970	34,135	37,840	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	11,005	4,440	6,560	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	13,750	6,320	7,430	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	45,650	23,930	21,720	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	10,965	5,240	5,720	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	8,600	4,385	4,210	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	2,665	1,215	1,455	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	2,170	910	1,255	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,755	1,255	1,495	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	7,485	3,520	3,960	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	727,415	353,100	374,315	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	970,805	471,195	499,610	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	54,290	24,770	29,525	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,985	18,155	21,830	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	1,545	685	870	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	14,150	6,520	7,630	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	351,755	170,100	181,660	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	4,110	2,005	2,110	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	10,600	5,195	5,400	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	338,520	163,310	175,210	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	35	20	15	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	580	355	225	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	80	45	40	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	540	240	295	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	5,050	2,635	2,415	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	20	20	0	675	375	300
European origins	559,435	271,630	287,805	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	327,280	159,015	168,270	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	90	35	55	1,120	530	590
Cornish	75	45	25	755	370	385
English	157,400	77,660	79,740	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	169,465	79,470	89,995	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	145	85	60	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	137,835	66,995	70,840	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	13,665	6,510	7,160	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	26,665	12,585	14,075	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	221,100	106,080	115,020	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	100	45	60	1,235	495	740
Breton	365	185	180	290	175	120
Corsican	95	65	30	205	125	85
French	220,875	105,955	114,920	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	95,355	45,980	49,375	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	4,775	2,335	2,440	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	65	20	50	450	225	230
Belgian	4,885	2,220	2,665	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	22,350	11,090	11,255	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	395	205	195	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	30	15	20	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	66,250	31,745	34,505	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	150	80	75	915	500	415
Swiss	3,960	1,880	2,085	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	50	70	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	19,390	9,675	9,710	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	4,290	2,275	2,010	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	3,045	1,465	1,580	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	1,170	545	625	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	5,470	2,720	2,750	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	5,645	2,640	3,010	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,235	730	505	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	73,305	35,110	38,195	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	1,520	715	810	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	750	365	385	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	3,035	1,370	1,665	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	495	200	295	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	695	320	375	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	7,155	3,425	3,730	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	915	380	540	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	2,185	1,120	1,065	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	445	210	230	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	27,565	13,210	14,355	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	6,245	3,050	3,190	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	13,355	6,145	7,205	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	2,080	950	1,130	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	20,565	9,910	10,655	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	925	490	440	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	79,640	38,775	40,865	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	975	445	525	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	1,325	600	725	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	20	10	10	285	180	110
Croatian	3,245	1,540	1,705	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	145	55	85	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	6,750	3,445	3,305	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	41,585	20,575	21,010	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	55	30	25	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	555	205	350	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	495	250	250	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	190	100	90	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	12,185	5,875	6,305	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	3,155	1,575	1,575	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	250	115	135	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	1,030	490	540	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	12,560	5,780	6,785	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	865	445	425	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	75	30	45	965	425	540
Other European origins	7,410	3,820	3,590	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	330	175	160	1,585	805	780
Jewish	5,100	2,660	2,440	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	85	35	50	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	185	90	95	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,770	895	875	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	28,100	12,905	15,195	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	230	130	100	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	160	95	60	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	1,200	500	700	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	90	55	35	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	100	30	70	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	1,340	660	680	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	860	390	465	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	285	145	140	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	15	10	10	70	20	50
Haitian	12,725	5,810	6,915	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	7,395	3,425	3,975	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	60	35	25	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	50	15	30	195	65	125
Montserratan	45	25	20	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	120	60	60	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	760	300	460	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,895	865	1,030	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	235	75	155	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,505	660	845	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,055	495	560	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	20,470	9,670	10,800	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,020	490	530	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	75	35	35	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	635	350	285	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	55	30	25	810	395	415
Bolivian	185	100	90	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	1,165	620	555	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	1,065	550	515	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	3,440	1,590	1,850	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	195	90	110	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	225	115	110	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	520	170	355	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	1,825	875	945	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	380	200	175	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	300	95	200	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	370	195	175	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	3,210	1,465	1,740	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	1,070	565	505	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	85	45	40	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	40	20	25	600	280	320
Peruvian	1,530	750	780	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	2,375	1,115	1,265	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	130	55	75	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	960	400	560	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,280	555	725	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	68,530	33,485	35,045	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	17,685	8,710	8,980	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	130	70	60	965	540	425
Angolan	235	115	125	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	20	20	10	1,205	620	585
Beninese	610	325	280	555	280	270
Burkinabe	415	195	220	415	190	225
Cameroonian	2,095	1,075	1,020	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	215	115	100	645	320	325
Congolese	5,665	2,640	3,030	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	45	20	30	1,025	545	480
Ewe	75	50	20	180	95	80
Gabonese	240	125	110	170	80	90
Gambian	50	30	10	630	305	330
Ghanaian	1,325	710	615	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	595	280	320	1,105	550	560
Ibo	110	50	60	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	1,120	510	605	1,350	600	745
Liberian	95	55	40	770	365	405
Malian	540	235	305	490	250	240
Malinké	130	65	65	345	160	185
Nigerian	2,145	1,085	1,060	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	205	95	105	135	80	55
Senegalese	815	340	470	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	90	35	55	1,175	585	585
Togolese	740	390	350	670	370	300
Wolof	65	40	25	80	45	35
Yoruba	430	235	195	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,510	760	755	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	16,650	8,645	8,005	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	2,400	1,205	1,190	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	1,690	895	790	1,845	985	860
Coptic	105	55	50	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	45	25	25	205	110	95
Egyptian	5,490	2,915	2,570	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	1,210	620	590	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	105	55	45	290	160	125
Moroccan	4,160	2,100	2,065	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	805	395	410	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	1,030	570	455	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	595	295	305	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	25,025	11,865	13,155	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	45	25	25	560	285	275
Amhara	70	45	25	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	585	280	310	870	455	415
Burundian	3,005	1,415	1,585	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	870	365	510	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	1,335	610	720	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	2,755	1,260	1,495	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	0	0	0	475	255	215
Kenyan	580	285	295	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	390	185	200	430	200	230
Mauritian	325	150	175	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	250	135	120	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	2,355	1,065	1,290	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	15	10	15	350	140	205
Somali	10,210	4,825	5,385	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	935	480	450	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	290	120	165	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	165	80	85	770	395	375
Ugandan	390	185	205	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	125	60	70	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	295	140	160	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	60	40	15	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,355	700	655	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	10,970	5,200	5,770	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,325	545	775	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,855	4,765	5,085	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	165,170	81,355	83,815	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	66,320	34,250	32,065	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	3,710	1,860	1,850	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	8,085	4,220	3,875	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	1,475	750	730	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	110	40	65	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	195	90	105	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	180	115	65	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	65	45	25	680	390	290
Iranian	6,300	3,205	3,100	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	4,685	2,515	2,170	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	550	290	265	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	1,510	795	715	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	140	65	80	1,325	610	715
Kurd	815	440	375	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	945	480	470	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	40	30	15	340	130	210
Lebanese	28,720	14,690	14,030	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	3,555	1,960	1,590	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	175	85	90	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	545	265	280	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	4,640	2,425	2,215	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	110	55	50	1,850	880	970
Tatar	120	35	90	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	2,495	1,350	1,145	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	125	65	60	695	345	355
Uighur	55	35	20	755	385	375
Uzbek	200	90	110	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	965	495	470	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,920	1,000	925	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	34,580	17,690	16,890	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	2,165	1,120	1,050	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	940	485	460	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	315	165	145	1,450	710	735
East Indian	23,385	11,990	11,395	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	105	65	45	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	120	80	40	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	35	0	30	1,795	900	895
Nepali	900	440	455	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	3,875	1,930	1,945	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	845	435	410	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	220	125	100	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	2,050	1,045	1,005	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	680	340	340	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,765	885	885	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	65,755	30,170	35,585	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	550	265	290	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,930	905	1,025	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	38,420	18,015	20,410	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	12,145	4,970	7,175	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	0	0	0	650	340	305
Indonesian	510	235	280	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	2,760	1,160	1,600	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	285	150	130	1,645	830	815
Korean	2,875	1,325	1,550	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	560	250	305	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	395	135	255	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	295	165	130	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	40	15	25	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	645	285	365	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	610	225	385	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	90	40	50	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	8,075	3,975	4,105	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	140	75	65	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	325	145	180	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	325	145	175	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	1,725	825	900	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	1,140	515	625	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	425	250	180	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	195	75	120	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	35	0	25	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	10	0	10	470	235	240
Maori	20	20	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	20	60	275	115	165
Samoan	20	10	10	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	25	15	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	251,440	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	161,110	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	412,555	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	68,420	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	344,135	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	3,050	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	65,255	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	100,830	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	149,750	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	93,670	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	412,555	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	125,765	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	59,400	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	58,030	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	55,465	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	113,890	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	406,325	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	6,225	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	393,250	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	19,300	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	75,620	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	132,730	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	67,060	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	47,080	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	29,730	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	31,855	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	28,490	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	388,650	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	23,900	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	412,555	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	243,170	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	159,485	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	9,900	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	412,555	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	19,245	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	65,745	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	72,860	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	85,340	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	78,635	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	53,730	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	27,280	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	9,720	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	412,205	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	312,160	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100,045	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	84,985	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	251,420	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	62.0	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	13.8	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,321	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,416	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,868	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,351	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	161,100	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.7	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,013	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,058	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	806,730	387,795	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,830	56,430	56,400	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	190,325	93,180	97,145	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	503,580	238,190	265,385	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	47,675	27,625	20,050	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	30,170	15,285	14,885	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	17,500	12,340	5,160	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	151,695	67,130	84,565	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,375	7,255	11,125	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	285,835	136,180	149,655	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	173,840	79,130	94,710	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,470	7,100	9,370	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,510	3,220	3,290	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	73,850	36,860	36,990	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	15,170	9,870	5,295	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	536,995	258,540	278,460	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	44,075	23,965	20,110	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	102,620	52,315	50,305	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	390,300	182,255	208,040	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	34,815	19,680	15,135	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	22,360	10,930	11,425	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	12,455	8,745	3,710	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115,385	51,975	63,415	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,515	5,155	7,360	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	227,585	105,455	122,135	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	137,015	61,700	75,320	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,690	5,085	7,600	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,250	2,350	2,890	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	61,410	29,595	31,820	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,225	6,720	4,505	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	806,735	387,800	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	303,155	149,605	153,545	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	29,325	7,005	22,315	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	29,325	7,010	22,315	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,080	8,155	9,925	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,630	2,535	1,100	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	14,445	5,615	8,830	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	36,565	14,240	22,330	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	6,525	1,510	5,015	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	8,045	2,525	5,520	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,985	3,085	4,900	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	355	115	250	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,575	1,540	1,040	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,775	1,105	670	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	6,390	3,635	2,750	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	2,910	725	2,185	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90,840	35,810	55,030	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,445	415	1,025	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10,105	3,675	6,435	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,055	860	8,195	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	14,470	5,635	8,840	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,925	545	1,380	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	13,050	3,380	9,670	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	40,800	21,310	19,490	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	104,700	43,700	60,995	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	150	80	75	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	11,255	3,420	7,840	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	93,290	40,210	53,085	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,205	13,050	12,155	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	12,025	5,105	6,915	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,735	1,925	1,805	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	815	350	465	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	7,775	5,340	2,435	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	855	330	535	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	33,085	21,615	11,475	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	24,740	17,775	6,965	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	2,970	635	2,335	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,570	2,680	1,890	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	810	525	280	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	73,995	64,535	9,460	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	4,525	2,865	1,660	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	29,600	24,140	5,460	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15,320	13,795	1,530	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	10	25	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	10,880	10,620	265	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,555	9,265	290	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	4,080	3,845	230	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,665	3,615	3,045	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,355	1,835	1,520	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,310	1,780	1,530	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	60,770	13,545	47,230	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,630	2,770	2,860	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	53,040	9,645	43,400	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,105	1,130	970	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,270	12,900	11,370	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	13,645	4,275	9,370	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	635	545	95	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	455	410	50	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	6,845	5,195	1,655	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,680	2,475	205	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	80	25	60	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	80	25	55	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	536,995	258,540	278,460	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	146,695	76,280	70,415	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	20,305	4,615	15,690	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	20,300	4,615	15,685	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	14,005	6,340	7,670	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,760	1,845	910	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	11,250	4,495	6,760	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	25,565	9,830	15,740	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,175	1,155	4,015	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	5,815	1,850	3,965	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,875	1,950	2,925	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	275	80	200	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,830	1,090	740	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,145	730	410	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	4,605	2,585	2,020	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	1,845	385	1,460	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	72,600	27,745	44,855	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,205	335	865	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	8,165	2,940	5,215	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,205	675	6,530	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	12,050	4,300	7,750	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,525	445	1,080	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	10,050	2,500	7,555	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	32,405	16,555	15,845	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	84,165	34,430	49,735	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	140	70	70	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,110	2,715	6,405	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	74,915	31,655	43,260	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	18,055	8,835	9,220	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,270	3,775	5,495	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,420	1,225	1,195	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	285	105	180	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	5,480	3,510	1,970	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	600	220	380	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	28,585	18,800	9,790	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	22,280	15,955	6,330	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	2,175	480	1,695	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,405	1,915	1,490	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	720	450	270	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	56,350	48,450	7,895	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	3,670	2,235	1,430	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	23,330	18,660	4,670	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	11,525	10,380	1,150	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	25	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	7,835	7,625	220	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,010	6,780	235	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	2,950	2,775	175	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,350	2,780	2,575	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,530	1,280	1,250	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,825	1,500	1,325	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	46,610	10,710	35,900	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,505	2,190	2,310	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	40,445	7,715	32,730	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,655	805	850	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	18,625	9,700	8,925	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	10,520	3,265	7,255	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	520	430	85	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	270	235	40	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	5,255	3,875	1,380	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,065	1,895	165	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	75	25	50	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	75	25	50	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	806,730	387,800	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	303,155	149,605	153,545	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	503,575	238,185	265,390	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	429,735	202,545	227,190	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	330,315	154,715	175,605	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	99,420	47,835	51,585	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	73,845	35,645	38,200	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	10,410	5,820	4,590	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	4,025	1,210	2,810	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	4,460	2,195	2,265	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,860	4,445	3,415	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,745	2,125	2,620	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	3,350	1,785	1,570	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	38,990	18,060	20,925	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	536,995	258,540	278,455	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	146,695	76,280	70,420	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	390,295	182,255	208,040	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	334,160	156,180	177,980	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	257,620	119,490	138,130	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	76,540	36,690	39,845	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	56,140	26,080	30,060	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	7,390	3,955	3,440	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	3,475	1,025	2,455	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	3,090	1,475	1,615	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,680	2,585	2,100	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	3,445	1,470	1,975	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	2,700	1,430	1,270	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	31,350	14,140	17,205	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	806,730	387,795	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	540,785	273,595	267,200	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	500,500	252,025	248,470	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	40,285	21,560	18,725	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	265,945	114,205	151,735	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	67.0	70.6	63.8	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	62.0	65.0	59.3	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.9	7.0	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	806,730	387,795	418,935	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	255,185	109,835	145,350	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	551,545	277,960	273,585	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	293,080	155,995	137,090	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	258,465	121,965	136,495	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.4	42.8	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	540,785	273,590	267,195	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,355	7,180	7,180	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,410	260,015	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	475,360	235,845	239,510	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	51,075	30,565	20,510	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	540,785	273,590	267,195	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,360	7,185	7,180	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,405	260,020	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	58,180	34,380	23,800	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	100,335	34,345	65,990	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	54,955	41,475	13,490	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	34,350	8,095	26,255	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	88,410	32,355	56,050	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,580	9,180	11,395	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	119,430	60,070	59,365	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	41,135	39,175	1,965	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,825	3,230	595	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,225	4,110	1,115	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	540,785	273,590	267,200	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,360	7,180	7,175	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,410	260,020	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,265	805	460	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	515	445	70	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	1,455	1,075	385	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	25,200	22,350	2,850	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	13,880	10,135	3,745	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	10,460	7,685	2,775	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	56,315	28,985	27,325	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,120	11,675	3,450	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	13,425	8,135	5,290	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	16,430	7,725	8,700	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,130	5,295	3,840	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	44,650	26,805	17,840	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	370	150	225	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	24,285	15,215	9,075	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	43,965	15,480	28,485	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	59,560	13,010	46,550	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,975	5,425	5,550	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	37,780	19,110	18,670	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	22,360	8,985	13,380	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	119,280	57,925	61,350	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	500,500	252,030	248,470	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	31,490	15,685	15,805	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	1,955	1,310	640	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	41,240	29,870	11,370	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	425,815	205,160	220,655	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	425,815	205,160	220,655	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	353,690	167,740	185,950	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	70	25	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,105	5,370	4,735	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	61,925	31,980	29,945	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	467,055	235,025	232,030	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	285,565	153,905	131,665	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	27,000	8,490	18,510	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	100,680	44,680	56,000	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	35,445	16,680	18,770	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	13,910	9,070	4,845	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	4,450	2,210	2,240	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	467,055	235,030	232,025	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	93,095	43,630	49,465	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	180,810	92,520	88,290	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	116,195	60,535	55,660	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	45,795	22,600	23,200	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	31,155	15,745	15,415	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	467,050	235,025	232,025	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	21,715	14,695	7,015	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	83,655	45,960	37,700	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	138,750	64,785	73,965	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110,650	51,930	58,715	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50,755	24,105	26,650	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	61,530	33,550	27,980	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	568,065	286,120	281,945	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	529,595	267,550	262,050	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	526,010	265,715	260,295	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	421,720	219,020	202,700	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	104,290	46,685	57,600	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	3,585	1,835	1,750	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	80	30	55	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	60	25	30	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	25	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	20	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,505	1,805	1,700	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	385	255	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	20	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	25	0	20	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	615	380	235	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	595	370	220	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	50	105	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	155	50	105	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	30	15	10	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	10	10	0	75	45	30
Tamil	0	0	0	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,030	495	535	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	0	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	215	85	135	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	215	80	135	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	10	10	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	0	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	10	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	35	10	25	1,925	960	960
Russian	110	35	80	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	20	10	15	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	15	10	10	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	120	50	70	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	30	15	20
Dutch	15	10	10	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	80	25	45	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	10	0	10	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	10	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	15	10	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	125	65	60	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	10	10	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	0	0	0	730	255	475
Hindi	15	15	0	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	10	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	15	0	0	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	75	35	40	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	10	10	10	105	95	15
Pashto	10	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	60	25	30	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	555	290	260	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	40	30	15	945	505	445
Portuguese	120	80	45	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	10	0	10	300	140	160
Spanish	385	185	205	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	55	20	30	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	85	50	45	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	20	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	10	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	810	295	515
American Sign Language	25	10	10	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	10	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,295	690	610	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	1,290	685	605	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	515	295	230	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	730	360	375	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	30	0	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	10	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	235	95	145
Lao	0	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	30	15	15	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	10	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	15	15	0
Turkish	15	10	10	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	10	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	10	0	10	75	25	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple responses	38,475	18,575	19,895	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	34,400	16,545	17,855	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	2,985	1,495	1,490	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	170	80	90	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	920	460	460	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	568,070	286,125	281,945	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	378,905	196,195	182,710	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	61,405	28,170	33,235	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	116,765	56,340	60,420	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	9,070	4,555	4,520	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	165	45	120	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	8,910	4,505	4,400	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	145	55	90	245	100	150
English and non-official language	400	180	215	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	1,365	615	755	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	960,570	466,105	494,470	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	821,710	397,950	423,760	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	138,865	68,155	70,710	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	96,480	47,245	49,235	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	42,380	20,910	21,470	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	29,090	14,200	14,890	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	16,465	7,810	8,655	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	12,620	6,385	6,240	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	13,295	6,715	6,585	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	917,190	444,170	473,020	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	539,410	260,105	279,305	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	377,780	184,065	193,720	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	247,995	120,400	127,595	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	129,785	63,660	66,120	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	85,295	41,255	44,040	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	48,640	23,110	25,535	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	36,655	18,150	18,505	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	44,490	22,410	22,085	549,965	271,080	278,885