Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa - Gatineau Ontario/Quebec [Population centre]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec  Map : Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	989,567	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	945,592 r	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.7	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	439,953	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	412,533	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,900.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	520.82	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	989,585	479,125	510,465	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	163,945	83,475	80,475	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	53,575	27,245	26,330	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	56,635	28,810	27,820	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	53,740	27,415	26,325	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	673,790	328,910	344,880	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	57,940	29,395	28,550	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	74,270	37,115	37,155	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	70,885	35,210	35,680	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	68,095	33,195	34,895	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	65,400	31,325	34,070	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	65,225	31,355	33,865	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	67,100	32,420	34,675	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	75,240	36,710	38,530	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	70,815	34,010	36,805	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	58,825	28,175	30,645	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	151,845	66,735	85,110	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	50,755	24,020	26,735	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	35,760	16,480	19,280	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	25,805	11,445	14,360	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	18,955	7,945	11,015	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	20,565	6,845	13,720	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	12,485	4,605	7,880	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	6,195	1,850	4,350	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	1,655	365	1,290	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	230	30	200	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.4	15.8	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	68.1	68.6	67.6	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	15.3	13.9	16.7	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.7	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	40.0	39.0	41.0	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	39.6	38.4	40.6	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	412,535	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	151,140	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	73,860	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	186,995	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,005	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	71,820	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	13,300	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	69,275	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	595	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	545	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	412,535	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	130,115	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	136,345	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	61,560	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	54,520	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	30,000	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	970,315	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	825,635	395,645	429,990	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	444,795	222,375	222,420	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	348,295	173,775	174,520	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	96,500	48,600	47,900	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	380,845	173,275	207,570	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	262,790	136,390	126,405	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	21,720	8,740	12,975	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	54,960	19,835	35,120	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	41,375	8,310	33,065	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	265,750	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	133,290	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	57,335	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	52,135	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	22,985	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	265,750	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	216,715	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	168,485	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	48,230	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	49,035	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	38,910	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	10,130	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	216,715	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	104,005	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	112,715	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	43,190	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	48,160	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	21,365	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	49,035	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	29,285	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	14,145	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	5,605	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	199,465	93,025	106,440	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	412,535	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	255,280	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	99,905	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	155,375	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5,155	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	152,100	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	130,115	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	21,985	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	977,440	474,150	503,290	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	433,850	220,225	213,620	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	79,305	34,555	44,755	1,810	820	985
English and French	450,720	213,930	236,785	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	13,565	5,445	8,125	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	977,435	474,150	503,290	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	614,885	303,700	311,180	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	322,135	152,060	170,080	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	27,205	13,120	14,085	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	13,215	5,265	7,950	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	628,485	158,620	177,120	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	64.3	33.5	35.2	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	977,440	474,145	503,290	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	941,140	456,745	484,395	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	744,295	363,705	380,590	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	449,140	223,855	225,290	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	295,150	139,850	155,295	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	196,850	93,045	103,805	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	945	385	565	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	570	250	315	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	430	200	230	840	375	465
Atikamekw	5	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	60	25	35	10	0	10
Plains Cree	15	5	5	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	25	15	10
Woods Cree	5	0	5	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	290	135	150	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	10	10	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	120	40	80	155	55	105
Algonquin	40	20	30	5	5	0
Ojibway	65	20	45	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	5	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Beaver	0	0	0	160	75	85
Carrier	0	0	0	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	0	0	0	650	295	355
Dene	5	0	5	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haida	0	0	0	70	30	40
Inuit languages	325	110	215	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	5	10	0	10
Inuktitut	290	95	195	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	30	10	20	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	15	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	100	55	50
Michif	0	0	0	35	20	10
Salish languages	5	0	0	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	230	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	160
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	435	220	215
Squamish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Siouan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dakota	0	0	0	30	15	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	875	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	385	195	190
Tsimshian	0	0	0	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	795	365	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	195,905	92,660	103,245	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	48,305	24,300	24,005	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	860	475	390	115	75	45
Kabyle	565	300	265	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	295	170	125	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	6,685	2,900	3,785	1,505	765	740
Bilen	50	25	20	5	0	0
Oromo	210	115	95	205	115	95
Somali	6,325	2,715	3,615	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	95	40	55	20	10	15
Semitic languages	40,685	20,885	19,800	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	1,385	650	735	1,370	670	700
Arabic	37,895	19,540	18,355	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	45	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	440	245	200
Harari	55	25	30	20	5	15
Hebrew	295	160	140	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	25	5	15	215	100	115
Tigrigna	875	425	450	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,100	2,825	3,275	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,000	450	550	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	5,085	2,370	2,720	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	7,245	2,610	4,635	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	30	10	15	375	165	215
Cebuano	340	110	225	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	5	0	5	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	105	35	70	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	540	210	330	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	105	50	55	20	10	15
Malay	360	145	220	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	700	320	380
Pangasinan	30	15	15	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,550	1,965	3,585	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	35	15	20	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	125	50	75	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	5,135	2,180	2,955	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	380	165	215	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	4,570	1,930	2,640	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	185	80	100	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	3,010	1,575	1,435	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	165	90	80	280	150	135
Malayalam	555	290	265	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	1,875	960	910	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	395	220	175	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	84,250	40,095	44,155	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	585	280	300	1,465	765	705
Armenian	455	225	230	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	18,455	8,265	10,190	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	375	160	215	1,070	485	585
Latvian	200	90	115	565	255	300
Lithuanian	175	70	100	505	225	280
Slavic languages	18,085	8,105	9,975	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	35	20	20	95	45	50
Bosnian	605	280	325	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	915	430	485	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	990	465	525	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	785	345	435	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	65	25	40	325	160	165
Polish	4,730	2,125	2,605	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	4,990	2,110	2,880	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	2,060	1,015	1,050	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	800	395	405	1,395	670	725
Slovak	450	190	260	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	170	75	95	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	1,445	595	845	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	345	175	170
Celtic languages	95	45	50	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	30	20	10	240	130	110
Welsh	45	15	30	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	95	50	45
Germanic languages	7,030	3,170	3,870	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	110	50	55	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	230	105	125	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	1,665	785	880	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	30	15	15	295	145	145
German	4,375	1,910	2,470	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	15	10	5	275	135	145
Norwegian	115	50	65	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	230	115	120	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	75	35	40	445	220	225
Yiddish	170	90	80	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	65	45	25
Greek	1,955	1,020	935	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	23,440	11,880	11,560	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	15,305	7,775	7,530	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	2,980	1,490	1,495	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	1,175	610	555	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	2,315	1,190	1,120	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	10	5	5	65	35	25
Konkani	95	50	45	255	130	125
Marathi	240	120	120	620	325	295
Nepali	915	435	480	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	15	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,140	1,625	1,515	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	225	105	120	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	710	355	360	1,675	845	830
Urdu	3,455	1,765	1,690	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	8,050	4,050	4,000	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	675	360	310	1,765	945	825
Pashto	975	490	485	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	6,400	3,200	3,200	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	90	55	30	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	32,240	15,210	17,030	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	30	15	15	160	85	75
Italian	8,160	4,035	4,125	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	6,100	2,910	3,185	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	2,925	1,360	1,570	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	15,000	6,870	8,130	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	105	65	40
Japanese	950	285	660	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	35	15	20	85	50	35
Georgian	35	15	20	85	50	40
Korean	1,845	770	1,070	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	35	15	15	360	150	205
Mongolian	40	20	20	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	8,085	3,715	4,370	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	335	165	170	495	275	220
Bamanankan	145	60	75	10	5	5
Edo	40	25	15	85	50	35
Ewe	165	75	90	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	245	125	125	45	25	20
Ga	45	25	20	45	20	25
Ganda	130	60	70	90	45	45
Igbo	190	100	90	245	145	105
Lingala	490	205	285	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,435	655	785	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,130	445	685	155	70	80
Shona	100	35	65	215	100	115
Swahili	1,520	700	825	805	400	405
Wolof	265	125	140	50	25	25
Yoruba	235	120	115	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,625	805	820	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	335	150	180	340	175	165
Dinka	85	40	40	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	105	140	240	115	125
Sign languages	220	95	125	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	70	20	45	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	30	10	15	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	120	60	60	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	26,395	12,185	14,215	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	25,590	11,790	13,795	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	8,650	4,025	4,625	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	130	50	80	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	14,845	6,815	8,030	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	35	15	20	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	605	255	345	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	340	150	190	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	960	470	495	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	815	395	420	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	235	115	115	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	320	160	165	815	395	425
Tibetan	90	50	40	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	160	70	90	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	635	215	415	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	305	140	170	1,100	550	550
Thai	330	80	250	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	10	15
Turkic languages	1,405	715	690	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	95	60	40	530	290	235
Turkish	1,165	595	570	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	15	5	10	170	85	85
Uzbek	80	35	45	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	190	80	110
Uralic languages	1,730	795	930	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	135	55	75	705	295	410
Finnish	245	90	155	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	1,350	655	700	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	185	105	85	500	280	225
Multiple responses	36,295	17,405	18,895	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	14,550	6,970	7,575	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	13,430	6,540	6,890	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	5,660	2,635	3,020	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	2,655	1,255	1,400	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	977,440	474,150	503,290	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	916,425	445,340	471,085	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	817,415	398,620	418,800	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	553,945	273,975	279,970	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	263,475	124,640	138,830	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	99,010	46,720	52,285	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	395	180	215	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	260	125	135	105	50	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	245	120	125	85	40	45
Atikamekw	0	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	25	10	20	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	185	95	90	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	130	55	80	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	115	50	70	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	10	5
Stoney	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	310	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	98,610	46,540	52,075	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	27,020	13,045	13,970	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	435	220	210	45	25	20
Kabyle	345	175	170	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	45	40	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	3,880	1,600	2,280	770	355	415
Bilen	30	10	15	0	0	0
Oromo	125	65	60	90	50	45
Somali	3,675	1,500	2,170	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	15	5	10
Semitic languages	22,685	11,210	11,475	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	805	380	425	600	275	320
Arabic	21,280	10,540	10,735	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	10	20	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	310	165	145
Harari	15	10	10	10	5	5
Hebrew	110	65	50	900	465	440
Maltese	5	0	0	15	5	10
Tigrigna	410	190	220	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,685	1,710	1,975	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	470	215	255	800	375	420
Vietnamese	3,210	1,490	1,715	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	3,145	1,320	1,830	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	5	0	0	75	30	35
Cebuano	115	50	70	1,305	585	715
Fijian	0	0	0	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	415	175	240
Ilocano	220	100	115	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	20	10	10	10	5	10
Malay	105	45	60	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	150	70	80
Pangasinan	10	5	5	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,580	1,070	1,520	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	310	150	160
Creole languages	2,130	875	1,255	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	195	85	115	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,870	765	1,105	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	1,485	740	745	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	50	30	20	110	55	60
Malayalam	245	125	120	1,225	615	605
Tamil	1,025	495	530	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	160	90	70	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	38,280	18,160	20,115	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	270	125	145	695	335	360
Armenian	220	100	120	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	8,495	3,965	4,535	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	80	35	50	210	90	115
Latvian	45	20	25	80	30	50
Lithuanian	40	20	20	125	60	65
Slavic languages	8,415	3,930	4,485	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	20	10	10	15	5	5
Bosnian	345	170	175	595	300	300
Bulgarian	485	230	260	1,035	485	550
Croatian	375	170	205	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	180	85	100	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	20	10	10	150	75	75
Polish	1,695	765	925	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	2,875	1,295	1,580	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	1,355	690	665	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	440	220	215	500	235	265
Slovak	145	70	80	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	5	145	65	85
Ukrainian	455	205	250	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	40	20	20
Celtic languages	10	5	5	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	35	20	10
Welsh	5	0	0	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	785	350	435	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	20	10	15	1,475	715	760
Danish	10	5	10	305	145	160
Dutch	125	60	65	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	545	235	310	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	0	0	0	75	35	35
Norwegian	10	5	5	140	60	80
Swedish	50	30	20	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Yiddish	15	5	5	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	605	290	320	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	12,835	6,315	6,520	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	8,090	4,045	4,050	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	1,775	860	910	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	490	255	235	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	1,055	545	515	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	5	5	5	10	5	5
Konkani	30	15	20	40	25	25
Marathi	100	40	55	270	140	130
Nepali	730	360	370	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,775	900	875	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	50	20	30	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	350	170	180	675	330	340
Urdu	1,710	860	845	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	4,725	2,260	2,465	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	400	210	190	1,080	540	535
Pashto	605	295	310	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	3,710	1,745	1,960	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	15,045	7,005	8,045	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	15	5	10	65	35	35
Italian	2,375	1,065	1,310	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	2,705	1,275	1,425	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	1,535	735	805	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	8,410	3,920	4,485	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	20	5	10
Japanese	370	125	240	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	30	15	10
Georgian	10	0	5	30	15	15
Korean	1,005	455	545	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	20	15	5	170	80	90
Mongolian	20	10	5	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	2,195	1,000	1,205	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	120	55	65	150	80	65
Bamanankan	30	10	15	5	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ewe	30	15	20	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	20	5	10
Ga	10	0	5	5	5	0
Ganda	30	15	15	10	5	5
Igbo	60	30	25	40	20	15
Lingala	110	40	70	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	460	225	235	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	330	130	205	60	25	35
Shona	20	15	10	65	25	40
Swahili	545	250	290	200	90	115
Wolof	100	45	50	20	10	10
Yoruba	55	30	30	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	245	115	135	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	40	50	140	60	75
Dinka	30	15	10	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	60	25	40	85	30	55
Sign languages	295	150	150	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	90	40	55	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	170	95	80	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,455	8,230	9,225	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	16,880	7,955	8,925	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	5,015	2,300	2,715	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	50	15	30	700	295	410
Mandarin	10,840	5,165	5,675	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	15	5	10	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	225	90	135	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	175	90	90	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	565	290	270	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	575	275	300	1,745	885	865
Burmese	150	70	80	720	375	350
Karenic languages	250	120	130	725	355	370
Tibetan	70	35	35	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	245	100	145	1,380	595	785
Lao	155	70	85	460	225	235
Thai	90	25	60	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages	730	345	380	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	35	20	20	195	105	95
Turkish	625	295	325	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	10	0	5	95	50	50
Uzbek	45	20	25	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	40	20	25
Uralic languages	425	195	230	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	20	5	10	95	40	55
Finnish	30	15	15	725	325	400
Hungarian	375	180	200	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	145	70	75
Multiple responses	61,010	28,810	32,200	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	16,010	7,470	8,535	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	32,570	15,695	16,880	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	6,725	2,995	3,735	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	5,705	2,650	3,050	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	977,440	474,150	503,290	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	731,705	358,115	373,590	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	102,760	49,000	53,760	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	65,100	30,440	34,660	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	66,960	31,505	35,455	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	505	195	310	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	66,450	31,305	35,140	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	3,580	1,710	1,870	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	3,370	1,620	1,750	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	3,870	1,710	2,160	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	100	50	50	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	806,590	387,750	418,840	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,720	371,225	401,495	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,042	44,578	36,381	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,970	371,250	401,720	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,354	38,833	32,532	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	697,670	340,055	357,615	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,669	44,956	34,982	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	548,210	243,755	304,455	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,086	2,241	5,486	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	573,735	287,415	286,320	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,975	42,209	35,998	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	806,730	387,795	418,935	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,840	371,070	401,770	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,523	57,733	45,788	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	773,095	371,075	402,015	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,997	46,276	38,048	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	698,020	339,930	358,090	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,407	58,478	44,694	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	547,675	243,305	304,370	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,187	6,348	7,857	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	573,945	286,775	287,170	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,818	55,260	44,383	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	806,730	387,800	418,930	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	286,395	151,445	134,945	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	62,018	65,432	59,128	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	70,308	75,639	64,325	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.1	92.8	86.9	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	71.7	73.9	69.3	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.9	7.2	13.1	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	806,585	387,745	418,840	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	33,870	16,525	17,340	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	772,720	371,225	401,490	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.7	95.9	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	101,995	48,170	53,830	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	119,235	50,155	69,080	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	88,630	37,970	50,660	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	76,155	34,125	42,030	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	71,450	32,200	39,250	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	64,375	29,920	34,455	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	55,935	27,325	28,610	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	44,115	22,505	21,610	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	37,470	19,830	17,640	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	30,725	16,315	14,410	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	82,635	52,715	29,915	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	59,790	36,710	23,080	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	22,840	16,005	6,835	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	806,585	387,745	418,840	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	33,615	16,500	17,120	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	772,970	371,250	401,720	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.7	95.9	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	106,505	49,030	57,470	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	124,225	52,825	71,405	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	104,015	45,470	58,545	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	96,015	43,360	52,655	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	88,600	40,820	47,780	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	73,475	35,765	37,710	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	55,960	29,130	26,830	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	43,515	23,420	20,095	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	80,655	51,425	29,235	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	29,325	17,120	12,205	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	16,495	10,420	6,075	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	34,830	23,885	10,950	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	806,585	387,750	418,835	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	232,850	100,335	132,520	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	573,735	287,415	286,320	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	71.1	74.1	68.4	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	68,565	33,565	35,000	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	43,065	19,635	23,435	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	72,195	33,385	38,805	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	57,400	27,200	30,200	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	50,800	24,730	26,070	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	47,790	22,325	25,460	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	45,445	21,130	24,310	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	39,780	19,265	20,515	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	31,580	16,115	15,465	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	117,120	70,050	47,065	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	29,815	15,610	14,205	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	24,700	13,360	11,340	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	62,600	41,085	21,520	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	412,530	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,185	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,965	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	130,115	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,768	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,912	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	282,415	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,714	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,020	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,519	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,700	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	130,040	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,644	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,969	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	282,515	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,713	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,146	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	412,535	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,130	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,180	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	11,755	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,915	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	13,775	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,755	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	14,330	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,955	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15,280	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,210	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30,345	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	29,370	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	26,680	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25,240	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	22,925	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	150,705	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45,735	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	32,485	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	39,905	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	32,580	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	412,535	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,470	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,280	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	11,900	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15,575	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15,540	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	16,010	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	17,635	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	18,820	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	19,345	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,495	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	37,500	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	34,185	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	31,215	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	27,340	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	23,235	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	110,975	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	43,270	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	28,350	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	39,355	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	265,825	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,628	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,365	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	97,695	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,416	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,219	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	113,195	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,788	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,479	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	46,610	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,105	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,828	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	265,975	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,849	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,566	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	97,740	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,645	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,440	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	113,445	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	145,906	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,727	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	46,420	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,797	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,084	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	177,695	84,030	93,665	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	36,682	35,255	37,807	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,680	31,421	33,663	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	177,200	83,695	93,505	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	46,323	46,066	46,553	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,284	37,850	38,673	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	970,320	471,105	499,220	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	420,725	200,320	220,400	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	101,860	49,920	51,940	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	82,395	38,210	44,185	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	76,780	36,375	40,400	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	77,475	36,605	40,870	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	82,215	39,210	43,005	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	549,595	270,780	278,820	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	89,750	42,975	46,775	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	98,535	47,735	50,800	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	110,490	54,410	56,080	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	127,625	63,305	64,320	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	123,195	62,360	60,835	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	970,320	471,105	499,215	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	196,135	99,865	96,265	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	64,610	32,885	31,725	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	635,690	308,520	327,175	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	138,495	62,715	75,780	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	136,210	64,340	71,870	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	34,680	17,880	16,800	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	12,110	6,285	5,825	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	86,255	40,690	45,570	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	15,275	5,770	9,505	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.0	13.7	14.4	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.7	17.9	17.5	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	18.7	19.1	18.4	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.6	13.2	13.9	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	11.0	9.2	12.5	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	119,810	58,070	61,740	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	27,045	13,920	13,125	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	9,575	4,975	4,605	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	82,040	40,220	41,820	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	10,725	3,925	6,800	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.3	12.3	12.4	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	13.9	13.6	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.8	15.1	14.5	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.9	13.0	12.8	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	7.7	6.3	9.0	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	970,805	471,195	499,610	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	957,265	465,840	491,430	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	878,805	431,505	447,295	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	527,240	247,165	280,080	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	282,135	132,755	149,375	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	1,550	570	980	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	905	350	560	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	0	0	10	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	565	210	350	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Naskapi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	80	40	45	10	0	10
Plains Cree	10	0	0	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	60	15	40	55	25	30
Woods Cree	20	15	10	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	355	125	230	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	30	25	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	50	30	25	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	300	115	190	310	100	205
Algonquin	80	30	50	20	0	15
Ojibway	205	75	130	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	15	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	200	100	95
Beaver	0	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	0	0	0	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	0	0	10	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	0	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	10	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haida	0	0	0	455	195	255
Inuit languages	575	210	365	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	20	10	10
Inuktitut	525	195	325	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	55	15	40	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	55	15	40	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	170	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	110	50	60
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	105
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,280	630	650
Squamish	0	0	0	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	540	280	260
Siouan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Dakota	0	0	0	30	15	15
Stoney	0	0	0	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	0	0	0	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	1,460	670	795
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	280,655	132,215	148,440	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	67,235	33,920	33,315	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	1,205	655	550	145	95	45
Kabyle	795	400	395	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	420	260	160	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	9,305	4,175	5,130	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	90	50	35	20	10	15
Oromo	375	170	205	245	140	110
Somali	8,780	3,910	4,875	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	10	0	10
Semitic languages	58,050	29,785	28,275	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	1,965	945	1,020	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	53,930	27,805	26,120	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	20	55	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	570	285	285
Harari	25	15	10	55	35	20
Hebrew	1,510	810	705	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	45	15	30	315	155	155
Tigrigna	1,130	475	660	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	155	85	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	95	95	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,830	3,750	4,080	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,305	595	705	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	6,555	3,175	3,380	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	9,610	3,585	6,025	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	30	10	20	530	215	310
Cebuano	475	170	300	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	10	0	10	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	170	65	105	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	655	275	380	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	200	100	100	25	15	10
Malay	585	260	330	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	20	40	855	365	495
Pangasinan	55	25	25	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	8,490	3,090	5,395	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	30	10	25	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	11,515	4,945	6,575	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	645	265	385	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	10,290	4,410	5,870	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	625	280	350	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	4,045	2,070	1,975	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	340	175	165	510	250	265
Malayalam	755	350	405	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	2,560	1,315	1,250	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	680	375	305	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	133,455	62,655	70,800	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	695	315	375	1,640	840	795
Armenian	660	340	315	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	22,790	10,515	12,270	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	455	200	260	1,030	515	520
Latvian	250	95	155	555	290	265
Lithuanian	205	100	105	475	220	250
Slavic languages	22,415	10,355	12,070	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	130	55	80	245	115	125
Bosnian	955	435	525	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	1,095	515	585	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	1,765	830	930	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	1,130	510	625	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	120	45	75	400	220	185
Polish	5,500	2,525	2,980	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	8,220	3,825	4,395	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	2,450	1,190	1,260	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	845	455	390	1,525	770	750
Slovak	760	315	450	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	225	110	115	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	2,115	865	1,250	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	50	15	30	420	215	205
Celtic languages	335	160	175	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	135	60	70	660	395	265
Welsh	70	35	40	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	130	65	60	860	450	410
Germanic languages	15,070	7,215	7,855	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	320	165	155	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	375	200	180	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	2,265	1,065	1,200	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	40	10	30	465	230	240
German	11,300	5,420	5,880	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	55	25	30	405	210	195
Norwegian	275	125	155	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	530	260	270	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	110	50	65	545	270	275
Yiddish	345	180	160	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	155	95	60
Greek	2,950	1,495	1,450	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	30,895	15,755	15,140	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	21,920	11,215	10,710	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	3,835	1,985	1,855	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	1,820	990	830	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	8,675	4,565	4,110	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	0	10	0	60	30	25
Konkani	100	55	45	415	215	200
Marathi	420	220	205	1,475	780	695
Nepali	1,280	650	630	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	60	30	30	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,245	2,740	2,505	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	395	175	220	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	865	400	465	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	6,095	3,030	3,065	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	9,485	4,820	4,665	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	810	450	355	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	1,275	670	605	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	8,130	4,095	4,035	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	185	105	80	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	65,715	29,605	36,110	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	90	45	45	395	210	180
Italian	15,035	7,205	7,830	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	8,500	4,155	4,340	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	3,370	1,630	1,745	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	42,570	18,380	24,185	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	35	380	245	140
Japanese	2,420	1,165	1,250	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	50	25	20	115	55	60
Georgian	45	20	20	115	55	55
Korean	2,370	1,020	1,350	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	55	25	25	370	170	200
Mongolian	50	25	25	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	15,390	7,110	8,280	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	615	320	295	630	350	280
Bamanankan	370	165	205	30	20	15
Edo	115	50	65	145	80	60
Ewe	355	185	175	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	415	195	225	105	30	70
Ga	140	75	65	150	95	50
Ganda	205	70	140	165	80	85
Igbo	320	185	135	425	240	185
Lingala	2,355	1,025	1,325	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,415	1,065	1,350	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,790	765	1,025	290	125	165
Shona	165	60	100	415	220	195
Swahili	4,080	1,885	2,190	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	685	320	355	50	25	30
Yoruba	825	445	380	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,660	1,780	1,880	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	405	210	200
Dinka	185	85	105	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	190	80	110	325	155	165
Sign languages	1,560	600	960	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	785	250	530	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	180	60	125	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	665	315	350	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	30,150	14,220	15,930	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	29,275	13,805	15,470	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	10,780	5,130	5,650	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	205	90	110	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	19,885	9,145	10,740	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	30	15	20	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	860	375	485	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	335	150	190	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	915	495	425	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	0	15	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	910	430	475	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	300	140	165	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	370	185	180	955	485	465
Tibetan	50	30	20	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	345	145	200	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	895	365	530	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	355	155	200	1,630	735	890
Thai	595	230	365	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages	2,145	1,055	1,090	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	140	85	55	945	510	435
Turkish	1,760	865	885	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	45	25	15	115	60	55
Uzbek	120	40	75	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	275	140	130
Uralic languages	2,095	955	1,140	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	180	75	105	780	350	425
Finnish	330	140	190	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	1,590	745	845	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	530	315	220	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	970,800	471,195	499,610	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	904,880	439,540	465,340	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	185,650	94,515	91,140	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	719,225	345,020	374,200	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	65,920	31,655	34,270	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	970,800	471,190	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	740,880	362,000	378,880	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	213,875	100,850	113,020	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	48,560	23,245	25,315	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	28,050	13,530	14,520	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	47,060	21,580	25,475	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	56,195	26,245	29,955	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	25,875	12,050	13,830	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	30,325	14,195	16,130	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	34,000	16,245	17,755	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	16,050	8,340	7,710	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	213,875	100,850	113,020	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	22,945	11,195	11,750	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	38,405	19,725	18,680	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	44,775	20,305	24,465	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	90,095	41,740	48,350	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	17,655	7,890	9,765	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	213,875	100,850	113,025	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	35,320	15,720	19,600	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	1,015	480	540	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	2,560	1,065	1,495	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	1,945	915	1,030	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	1,260	600	660	1,305	600	710
Haiti	7,940	3,385	4,550	570	250	315
Jamaica	2,810	1,210	1,605	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	1,505	620	890	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	1,075	520	555	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	1,115	435	680	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	7,270	3,400	3,870	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	6,820	3,090	3,730	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	51,435	24,490	26,945	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,030	975	1,055	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	880	420	460	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	3,765	1,735	2,035	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	3,280	1,385	1,900	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	880	465	415	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	700	345	350	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	660	295	365	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	5,080	2,650	2,425	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	1,395	680	710	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	3,515	1,580	1,935	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	3,100	1,495	1,610	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	2,675	1,300	1,370	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	2,405	975	1,430	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	905	430	475	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	1,580	730	855	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	11,800	5,965	5,840	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	6,790	3,070	3,720	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	38,235	18,280	19,945	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	2,065	1,060	1,005	485	310	175
Egypt	3,135	1,665	1,470	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	2,145	1,005	1,140	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	1,020	520	505	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	2,665	1,310	1,350	985	535	455
Nigeria	1,235	575	660	1,740	925	815
Somalia	3,810	1,475	2,335	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	730	400	330	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	21,420	10,265	11,150	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	88,190	41,990	46,200	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	2,250	1,145	1,100	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	2,435	1,270	1,170	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	14,135	6,005	8,130	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,445	1,210	1,235	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	8,435	4,270	4,165	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,120	2,075	2,045	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	3,605	1,925	1,685	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	645	145	500	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,510	670	845	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	12,615	6,590	6,025	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	3,280	1,605	1,675	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	8,265	3,105	5,160	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	1,845	885	960	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,350	1,695	1,655	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	680	270	405	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	4,855	2,235	2,620	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	13,710	6,880	6,830	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	695	375	325	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	34,005	16,245	17,755	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	5,040	2,350	2,690	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	180	110	70	1,145	525	615
Colombia	495	230	270	580	250	325
Cuba	195	90	105	140	60	80
Haiti	1,675	745	935	35	35	10
Jamaica	135	75	55	625	355	265
Mexico	290	115	175	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,125	585	540	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	155	55	100	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	790	350	440	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	3,040	1,450	1,585	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	600	300	300	970	510	460
Germany	165	70	95	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	90	55	30	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	55	20	30	245	120	125
Romania	230	105	120	690	310	380
Russian Federation	300	100	205	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	205	100	105	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	445	250	195	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	955	460	500	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	9,370	4,445	4,930	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	375	160	215	65	40	20
Cameroon	725	395	325	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,060	450	615	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	390	180	215	20	10	10
Egypt	760	410	345	625	340	290
Eritrea	245	115	130	320	175	145
Ethiopia	330	120	210	305	170	140
Morocco	480	225	250	205	115	95
Nigeria	430	195	235	645	325	315
Somalia	375	155	220	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	75	45	30	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	205	100	105	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	3,925	1,890	2,035	1,745	890	860
Asia	16,450	7,955	8,500	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	535	280	260	870	455	415
Bangladesh	540	270	270	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,110	865	1,245	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	40	30	1,800	770	1,030
India	1,610	905	705	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	815	390	425	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	1,100	575	525	1,910	940	965
Israel	80	35	40	365	205	160
Japan	105	25	85	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	220	80	135	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	1,035	545	490	265	155	110
Nepal	280	155	120	310	115	195
Pakistan	580	310	265	1,965	990	975
Philippines	2,565	1,040	1,520	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	330	195	135	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	195	85	110	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,030	1,080	955	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	35	10	30	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	160	85	70	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	315	190	125	385	195	195
Viet Nam	205	80	120	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	1,545	710	835	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	95	45	50	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	80	50	35	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	20	0	20	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	970,805	471,190	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	239,025	113,920	125,110	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	178,580	89,525	89,060	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	553,195	267,750	285,440	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	168,150	79,045	89,105	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	75,115	37,765	37,350	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	31,575	18,995	12,580	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	43,535	18,770	24,775	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	47,850	19,285	28,565	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	43,130	21,115	22,020	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	2,055	885	1,165	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	970,800	471,195	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	28,300	13,155	15,150	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	26,945	12,570	14,370	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	13,200	6,065	7,135	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	12,620	6,015	6,605	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	1,125	490	630	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	595	240	350	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	765	340	420	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	942,495	458,035	484,465	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	970,800	471,195	499,605	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,220	3,230	3,990	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	963,580	467,960	495,620	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	970,805	471,195	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,955	3,630	4,330	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,785	3,555	4,230	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,600	2,575	3,030	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	1,665	755	905	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	515	220	300	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	170	80	95	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	155	75	80	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	46,340	21,135	25,195	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	45,125	20,635	24,485	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,035	15,005	18,030	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,210	5,225	5,985	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	880	405	475	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,210	500	710	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,085	445	635	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	50	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	0	25	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	916,510	446,425	470,085	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	970,800	471,195	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	243,385	118,095	125,295	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	32,705	16,820	15,890	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	33,670	15,905	17,770	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	71,970	34,135	37,840	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	11,005	4,440	6,560	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	13,750	6,320	7,430	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	45,650	23,930	21,720	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	10,965	5,240	5,720	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	8,600	4,385	4,210	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	2,665	1,215	1,455	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	2,170	910	1,255	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,755	1,255	1,495	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	7,485	3,520	3,960	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	727,415	353,100	374,315	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	970,805	471,195	499,610	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	54,290	24,770	29,525	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,985	18,155	21,830	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	1,545	685	870	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	14,150	6,520	7,630	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	351,755	170,100	181,660	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	4,110	2,005	2,110	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	10,600	5,195	5,400	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	338,520	163,310	175,210	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	35	20	15	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	580	355	225	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	80	45	40	185	95	85
Ontarian	540	240	295	130	55	75
Québécois	5,050	2,635	2,415	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	20	20	0	405	175	230
European origins	559,435	271,630	287,805	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	327,280	159,015	168,270	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	90	35	55	455	230	220
Cornish	75	45	25	610	340	265
English	157,400	77,660	79,740	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	169,465	79,470	89,995	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	145	85	60	1,810	835	975
Scottish	137,835	66,995	70,840	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	13,665	6,510	7,160	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	26,665	12,585	14,075	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	221,100	106,080	115,020	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	100	45	60	210	95	115
Breton	365	185	180	110	45	65
Corsican	95	65	30	105	40	65
French	220,875	105,955	114,920	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	95,355	45,980	49,375	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	4,775	2,335	2,440	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	65	20	50	225	105	120
Belgian	4,885	2,220	2,665	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	22,350	11,090	11,255	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	395	205	195	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	30	15	20	850	425	425
German	66,250	31,745	34,505	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	150	80	75	695	340	355
Swiss	3,960	1,880	2,085	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	125	50	70	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	19,390	9,675	9,710	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	4,290	2,275	2,010	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	3,045	1,465	1,580	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	1,170	545	625	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	5,470	2,720	2,750	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	5,645	2,640	3,010	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,235	730	505	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	73,305	35,110	38,195	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	1,520	715	810	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	750	365	385	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	3,035	1,370	1,665	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	495	200	295	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	695	320	375	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	7,155	3,425	3,730	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	915	380	540	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	2,185	1,120	1,065	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	445	210	230	1,085	510	580
Polish	27,565	13,210	14,355	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	6,245	3,050	3,190	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	13,355	6,145	7,205	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	2,080	950	1,130	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	20,565	9,910	10,655	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	925	490	440	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	79,640	38,775	40,865	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	975	445	525	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	1,325	600	725	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	20	10	10	120	85	30
Croatian	3,245	1,540	1,705	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	145	55	85	440	230	205
Greek	6,750	3,445	3,305	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	41,585	20,575	21,010	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	55	30	25	280	135	145
Macedonian	555	205	350	1,205	620	580
Maltese	495	250	250	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	190	100	90	710	360	350
Portuguese	12,185	5,875	6,305	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	3,155	1,575	1,575	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	250	115	135	545	295	255
Slovenian	1,030	490	540	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	12,560	5,780	6,785	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	865	445	425	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	75	30	45	395	200	195
Other European origins	7,410	3,820	3,590	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	330	175	160	840	470	375
Jewish	5,100	2,660	2,440	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	85	35	50	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	185	90	95	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,770	895	875	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	28,100	12,905	15,195	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	230	130	100	220	115	105
Bahamian	160	95	60	255	140	110
Barbadian	1,200	500	700	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	90	55	35	335	155	175
Carib	100	30	70	70	50	25
Cuban	1,340	660	680	1,320	615	700
Dominican	860	390	465	735	330	410
Grenadian	285	145	140	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	15	10	10	15	0	15
Haitian	12,725	5,810	6,915	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	7,395	3,425	3,975	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	60	35	25	130	70	55
Martinican	50	15	30	25	0	20
Montserratan	45	25	20	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	120	60	60	570	260	310
St. Lucian	760	300	460	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,895	865	1,030	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	235	75	155	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,505	660	845	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,055	495	560	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	20,470	9,670	10,800	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,020	490	530	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	75	35	35	90	45	45
Argentinian	635	350	285	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	55	30	25	125	60	65
Bolivian	185	100	90	375	145	230
Brazilian	1,165	620	555	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	1,065	550	515	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	3,440	1,590	1,850	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	195	90	110	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	225	115	110	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	520	170	355	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	1,825	875	945	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	380	200	175	1,535	720	810
Honduran	300	95	200	1,445	750	695
Maya	370	195	175	930	475	455
Mexican	3,210	1,465	1,740	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	1,070	565	505	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	85	45	40	325	140	185
Paraguayan	40	20	25	895	475	420
Peruvian	1,530	750	780	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	2,375	1,115	1,265	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	130	55	75	410	205	205
Venezuelan	960	400	560	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,280	555	725	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	68,530	33,485	35,045	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	17,685	8,710	8,980	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	130	70	60	40	30	10
Angolan	235	115	125	90	55	35
Ashanti	20	20	10	85	30	50
Beninese	610	325	280	35	20	15
Burkinabe	415	195	220	45	30	15
Cameroonian	2,095	1,075	1,020	150	85	70
Chadian	215	115	100	70	50	25
Congolese	5,665	2,640	3,030	810	405	400
Edo	45	20	30	85	55	30
Ewe	75	50	20	55	25	30
Gabonese	240	125	110	10	0	10
Gambian	50	30	10	25	10	15
Ghanaian	1,325	710	615	1,600	865	730
Guinean	595	280	320	130	45	80
Ibo	110	50	60	280	160	115
Ivorian	1,120	510	605	100	55	50
Liberian	95	55	40	250	95	150
Malian	540	235	305	80	55	25
Malinké	130	65	65	10	0	0
Nigerian	2,145	1,085	1,060	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	205	95	105	20	0	15
Senegalese	815	340	470	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	90	35	55	130	60	65
Togolese	740	390	350	100	70	40
Wolof	65	40	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	430	235	195	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,510	760	755	620	305	315
North African origins	16,650	8,645	8,005	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	2,400	1,205	1,190	770	465	305
Berber	1,690	895	790	210	130	80
Coptic	105	55	50	150	90	65
Dinka	45	25	25	45	25	15
Egyptian	5,490	2,915	2,570	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	1,210	620	590	420	275	140
Maure	105	55	45	150	60	90
Moroccan	4,160	2,100	2,065	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	805	395	410	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	1,030	570	455	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	595	295	305	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	25,025	11,865	13,155	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	45	25	25	705	355	355
Amhara	70	45	25	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	585	280	310	255	140	120
Burundian	3,005	1,415	1,585	215	95	120
Djiboutian	870	365	510	0	0	0
Eritrean	1,335	610	720	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	2,755	1,260	1,495	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	580	285	295	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	390	185	200	105	65	40
Mauritian	325	150	175	975	520	450
Oromo	250	135	120	140	75	65
Rwandan	2,355	1,065	1,290	420	225	195
Seychellois	15	10	15	25	15	15
Somali	10,210	4,825	5,385	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	935	480	450	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	290	120	165	490	220	275
Tigrian	165	80	85	205	110	95
Ugandan	390	185	205	775	390	380
Zambian	125	60	70	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	295	140	160	855	445	405
Zulu	60	40	15	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,355	700	655	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	10,970	5,200	5,770	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,325	545	775	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,855	4,765	5,085	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	165,170	81,355	83,815	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	66,320	34,250	32,065	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	3,710	1,860	1,850	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	8,085	4,220	3,875	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	1,475	750	730	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	110	40	65	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	195	90	105	990	570	425
Georgian	180	115	65	740	380	355
Hazara	65	45	25	55	30	20
Iranian	6,300	3,205	3,100	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	4,685	2,515	2,170	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	550	290	265	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	1,510	795	715	785	425	355
Kazakh	140	65	80	385	205	175
Kurd	815	440	375	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	945	480	470	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	40	30	15	175	90	85
Lebanese	28,720	14,690	14,030	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	3,555	1,960	1,590	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	175	85	90	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	545	265	280	975	615	360
Syrian	4,640	2,425	2,215	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	110	55	50	260	135	125
Tatar	120	35	90	790	365	425
Turk	2,495	1,350	1,145	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	125	65	60	120	70	55
Uighur	55	35	20	130	65	60
Uzbek	200	90	110	270	150	120
Yemeni	965	495	470	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,920	1,000	925	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	34,580	17,690	16,890	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	2,165	1,120	1,050	1,840	925	920
Bengali	940	485	460	850	405	445
Bhutanese	315	165	145	120	65	55
East Indian	23,385	11,990	11,395	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	105	65	45	485	245	240
Gujarati	120	80	40	700	335	365
Kashmiri	35	0	30	185	100	85
Nepali	900	440	455	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	3,875	1,930	1,945	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	845	435	410	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	220	125	100	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	2,050	1,045	1,005	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	680	340	340	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,765	885	885	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	65,755	30,170	35,585	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	550	265	290	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,930	905	1,025	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	38,420	18,015	20,410	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	12,145	4,970	7,175	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	0	0	0	130	70	60
Indonesian	510	235	280	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	2,760	1,160	1,600	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	285	150	130	895	450	445
Korean	2,875	1,325	1,550	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	560	250	305	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	395	135	255	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	295	165	130	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	40	15	25	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	645	285	365	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	610	225	385	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	90	40	50	550	290	260
Vietnamese	8,075	3,975	4,105	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	140	75	65	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	325	145	180	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	325	145	175	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	1,725	825	900	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	1,140	515	625	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	425	250	180	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	195	75	120	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	35	0	25	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	10	0	10	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	20	20	0	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	20	60	600	275	325
Samoan	20	10	10	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	25	15	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	251,440	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	161,110	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	68,420	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	344,135	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	3,050	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	65,255	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	100,830	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	149,750	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	93,670	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	125,765	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	59,400	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	58,030	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	55,465	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	113,890	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	406,325	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	6,225	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	412,555	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	393,250	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	19,300	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	75,620	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	132,730	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	67,060	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	47,080	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	29,730	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	31,855	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	28,490	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	388,650	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	23,900	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	243,170	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	159,485	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	9,900	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	412,555	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	19,245	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	65,745	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	72,860	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	85,340	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	78,635	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	53,730	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	27,280	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	9,720	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	412,205	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	312,160	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	100,045	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	84,985	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	251,420	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	62.0	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	13.8	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,321	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,416	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,868	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,351	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	161,100	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.0	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.7	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,013	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,058	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	806,730	387,795	418,935	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,830	56,430	56,400	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	190,325	93,180	97,145	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	503,580	238,190	265,385	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	47,675	27,625	20,050	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	30,170	15,285	14,885	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	17,500	12,340	5,160	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	151,695	67,130	84,565	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,375	7,255	11,125	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	285,835	136,180	149,655	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	173,840	79,130	94,710	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,470	7,100	9,370	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,510	3,220	3,290	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	73,850	36,860	36,990	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	15,170	9,870	5,295	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	536,995	258,540	278,460	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	44,075	23,965	20,110	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	102,620	52,315	50,305	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	390,300	182,255	208,040	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	34,815	19,680	15,135	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	22,360	10,930	11,425	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	12,455	8,745	3,710	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115,385	51,975	63,415	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,515	5,155	7,360	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	227,585	105,455	122,135	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	137,015	61,700	75,320	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,690	5,085	7,600	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,250	2,350	2,890	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	61,410	29,595	31,820	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,225	6,720	4,505	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	806,735	387,800	418,935	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	303,155	149,605	153,545	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	29,325	7,005	22,315	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	29,325	7,010	22,315	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,080	8,155	9,925	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,630	2,535	1,100	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	14,445	5,615	8,830	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	36,565	14,240	22,330	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	6,525	1,510	5,015	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	8,045	2,525	5,520	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,985	3,085	4,900	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	355	115	250	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,575	1,540	1,040	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,775	1,105	670	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	6,390	3,635	2,750	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	2,910	725	2,185	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90,840	35,810	55,030	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,445	415	1,025	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10,105	3,675	6,435	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,055	860	8,195	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	14,470	5,635	8,840	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,925	545	1,380	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	13,050	3,380	9,670	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	40,800	21,310	19,490	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	104,700	43,700	60,995	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	150	80	75	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	11,255	3,420	7,840	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	93,290	40,210	53,085	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,205	13,050	12,155	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	12,025	5,105	6,915	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,735	1,925	1,805	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	815	350	465	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	7,775	5,340	2,435	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	855	330	535	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	33,085	21,615	11,475	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	24,740	17,775	6,965	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	2,970	635	2,335	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,570	2,680	1,890	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	810	525	280	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	73,995	64,535	9,460	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	4,525	2,865	1,660	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	29,600	24,140	5,460	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15,320	13,795	1,530	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	10	25	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	10,880	10,620	265	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,555	9,265	290	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	4,080	3,845	230	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,665	3,615	3,045	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,355	1,835	1,520	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,310	1,780	1,530	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	60,770	13,545	47,230	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,630	2,770	2,860	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	53,040	9,645	43,400	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,105	1,130	970	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,270	12,900	11,370	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	13,645	4,275	9,370	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	635	545	95	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	455	410	50	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	6,845	5,195	1,655	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,680	2,475	205	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	80	25	60	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	80	25	55	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	536,995	258,540	278,460	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	146,695	76,280	70,415	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	20,305	4,615	15,690	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	20,300	4,615	15,685	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	14,005	6,340	7,670	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,760	1,845	910	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	11,250	4,495	6,760	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	25,565	9,830	15,740	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,175	1,155	4,015	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	5,815	1,850	3,965	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,875	1,950	2,925	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	275	80	200	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,830	1,090	740	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,145	730	410	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	4,605	2,585	2,020	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	1,845	385	1,460	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	72,600	27,745	44,855	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,205	335	865	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	8,165	2,940	5,215	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,205	675	6,530	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	12,050	4,300	7,750	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,525	445	1,080	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	10,050	2,500	7,555	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	32,405	16,555	15,845	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	84,165	34,430	49,735	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	140	70	70	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,110	2,715	6,405	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	74,915	31,655	43,260	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	18,055	8,835	9,220	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,270	3,775	5,495	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,420	1,225	1,195	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	285	105	180	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	5,480	3,510	1,970	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	600	220	380	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	28,585	18,800	9,790	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	22,280	15,955	6,330	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	2,175	480	1,695	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,405	1,915	1,490	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	720	450	270	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	56,350	48,450	7,895	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	3,670	2,235	1,430	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	23,330	18,660	4,670	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	11,525	10,380	1,150	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	25	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	7,835	7,625	220	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	7,010	6,780	235	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	2,950	2,775	175	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,350	2,780	2,575	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,530	1,280	1,250	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,825	1,500	1,325	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	46,610	10,710	35,900	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,505	2,190	2,310	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	40,445	7,715	32,730	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,655	805	850	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	18,625	9,700	8,925	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	10,520	3,265	7,255	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	520	430	85	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	270	235	40	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	5,255	3,875	1,380	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,065	1,895	165	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	75	25	50	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	75	25	50	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	806,730	387,800	418,935	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	303,155	149,605	153,545	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	503,575	238,185	265,390	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	429,735	202,545	227,190	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	330,315	154,715	175,605	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	99,420	47,835	51,585	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	73,845	35,645	38,200	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	10,410	5,820	4,590	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	4,025	1,210	2,810	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	4,460	2,195	2,265	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,860	4,445	3,415	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,745	2,125	2,620	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	3,350	1,785	1,570	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	38,990	18,060	20,925	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	536,995	258,540	278,455	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	146,695	76,280	70,420	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	390,295	182,255	208,040	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	334,160	156,180	177,980	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	257,620	119,490	138,130	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	76,540	36,690	39,845	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	56,140	26,080	30,060	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	7,390	3,955	3,440	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	3,475	1,025	2,455	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	3,090	1,475	1,615	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,680	2,585	2,100	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	3,445	1,470	1,975	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	2,700	1,430	1,270	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	31,350	14,140	17,205	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	806,730	387,795	418,935	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	540,785	273,595	267,200	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	500,500	252,025	248,470	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	40,285	21,560	18,725	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	265,945	114,205	151,735	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	67.0	70.6	63.8	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	62.0	65.0	59.3	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.9	7.0	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	806,730	387,795	418,935	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	255,185	109,835	145,350	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	551,545	277,960	273,585	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	293,080	155,995	137,090	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	258,465	121,965	136,495	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.4	42.8	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	540,785	273,590	267,195	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,355	7,180	7,180	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,410	260,015	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	475,360	235,845	239,510	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	51,075	30,565	20,510	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	540,785	273,590	267,195	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,360	7,185	7,180	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,405	260,020	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	58,180	34,380	23,800	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	100,335	34,345	65,990	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	54,955	41,475	13,490	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	34,350	8,095	26,255	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	88,410	32,355	56,050	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,580	9,180	11,395	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	119,430	60,070	59,365	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	41,135	39,175	1,965	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,825	3,230	595	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,225	4,110	1,115	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	540,785	273,590	267,200	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	14,360	7,180	7,175	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	526,430	266,410	260,020	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,265	805	460	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	515	445	70	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	1,455	1,075	385	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	25,200	22,350	2,850	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	13,880	10,135	3,745	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	10,460	7,685	2,775	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	56,315	28,985	27,325	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,120	11,675	3,450	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	13,425	8,135	5,290	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	16,430	7,725	8,700	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,130	5,295	3,840	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	44,650	26,805	17,840	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	370	150	225	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	24,285	15,215	9,075	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	43,965	15,480	28,485	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	59,560	13,010	46,550	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,975	5,425	5,550	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	37,780	19,110	18,670	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	22,360	8,985	13,380	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	119,280	57,925	61,350	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	500,500	252,030	248,470	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	31,490	15,685	15,805	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	1,955	1,310	640	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	41,240	29,870	11,370	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	425,815	205,160	220,655	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	425,815	205,160	220,655	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	353,690	167,740	185,950	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	70	25	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,105	5,370	4,735	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	61,925	31,980	29,945	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	467,055	235,025	232,030	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	285,565	153,905	131,665	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	27,000	8,490	18,510	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	100,680	44,680	56,000	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	35,445	16,680	18,770	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	13,910	9,070	4,845	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	4,450	2,210	2,240	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	467,055	235,030	232,025	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	93,095	43,630	49,465	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	180,810	92,520	88,290	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	116,195	60,535	55,660	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	45,795	22,600	23,200	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	31,155	15,745	15,415	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	467,050	235,025	232,025	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	21,715	14,695	7,015	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	83,655	45,960	37,700	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	138,750	64,785	73,965	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110,650	51,930	58,715	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50,755	24,105	26,650	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	61,530	33,550	27,980	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	568,065	286,120	281,945	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	529,595	267,550	262,050	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	526,010	265,715	260,295	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	421,720	219,020	202,700	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	104,290	46,685	57,600	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	3,585	1,835	1,750	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	80	30	55	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	60	25	30	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	25	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,505	1,805	1,700	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	385	255	440	295	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	0	20	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	0	20	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	615	380	235	435	295	135
Amharic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Arabic	595	370	220	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	50	105	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	45	30	20
Vietnamese	155	50	105	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	20	15	10
Creole languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,030	495	535	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	85	135	950	440	510
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	215	80	135	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	10	0	40	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	35	10	25	115	50	70
Russian	110	35	80	565	255	315
Serbian	20	10	15	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	50	70	805	465	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	10	10	0	15	15	0
Dutch	15	10	10	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	25	45	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	0	10	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	0	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	125	65	60	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	25	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	10	10	0	15	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	25
Hindi	15	15	0	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages	75	35	40	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	10	10	10	25	25	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	25	30	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	290	260	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	40	30	15	110	50	60
Portuguese	120	80	45	515	255	260
Romanian	10	0	10	70	45	25
Spanish	385	185	205	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	55	20	30	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	85	50	45	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	20	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	280	90	190
American Sign Language	25	10	10	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,295	690	610	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	1,290	685	605	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	515	295	230	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	730	360	375	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	30	0	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	85	50	30
Burmese	10	0	0	25	15	15
Karenic languages	0	0	0	55	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	170	65	110
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	30	15	15	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	10	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	10	0
Turkish	15	10	10	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	20	20
Multiple responses	38,475	18,575	19,895	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	34,400	16,545	17,855	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	2,985	1,495	1,490	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	170	80	90	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	920	460	460	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	568,070	286,125	281,945	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	378,905	196,195	182,710	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	61,405	28,170	33,235	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	116,765	56,340	60,420	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	9,070	4,555	4,520	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	165	45	120	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	8,910	4,505	4,400	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	145	55	90	60	40	15
English and non-official language	400	180	215	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	1,365	615	755	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	960,570	466,105	494,470	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	821,710	397,950	423,760	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	138,865	68,155	70,710	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	96,480	47,245	49,235	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	42,380	20,910	21,470	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	29,090	14,200	14,890	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	16,465	7,810	8,655	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	12,620	6,385	6,240	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	13,295	6,715	6,585	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	917,190	444,170	473,020	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	539,410	260,105	279,305	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	377,780	184,065	193,720	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	247,995	120,400	127,595	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	129,785	63,660	66,120	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	85,295	41,255	44,040	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	48,640	23,110	25,535	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	36,655	18,150	18,505	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	44,490	22,410	22,085	235,730	114,265	121,465