Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sarnia Ontario [Population centre]			Nunavut [Territory]
	Data quality , Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario Map : Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Nunavut [Territory] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	72,125	...	...	35,944	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	73,044 ^r	...	...	31,906	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.3	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	33,599	...	...	11,433	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,156	...	...	9,819	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,376.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	52.40	...	...	1,877,778.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	72,130	34,935	37,195	35,945	18,390	17,550
0 to 14 years	10,785	5,415	5,370	11,685	5,975	5,710
0 to 4 years	3,450	1,730	1,725	4,155	2,130	2,025
5 to 9 years	3,805	1,890	1,915	4,120	2,130	1,985
10 to 14 years	3,530	1,800	1,730	3,415	1,720	1,700
15 to 64 years	45,955	22,630	23,325	22,895	11,710	11,190
15 to 19 years	3,905	1,980	1,920	3,140	1,600	1,535
20 to 24 years	4,565	2,375	2,185	3,045	1,535	1,510
25 to 29 years	4,455	2,270	2,185	3,185	1,610	1,580
30 to 34 years	4,225	2,135	2,090	2,815	1,390	1,425
35 to 39 years	3,845	1,825	2,025	2,385	1,210	1,180
40 to 44 years	3,990	1,975	2,015	2,030	1,065	965
45 to 49 years	4,200	2,055	2,145	2,065	1,055	1,005
50 to 54 years	5,255	2,500	2,755	1,840	955	890
55 to 59 years	5,900	2,825	3,075	1,405	750	655
60 to 64 years	5,610	2,690	2,925	975	535	440
65 years and over	15,390	6,885	8,505	1,360	710	655
65 to 69 years	4,845	2,345	2,500	655	340	310
70 to 74 years	3,585	1,700	1,885	345	180	165
75 to 79 years	2,630	1,160	1,470	205	110	100
80 to 84 years	2,120	895	1,215	105	50	50
85 years and over	2,205	775	1,430	55	25	25
85 to 89 years	1,405	555	855	40	20	25
90 to 94 years	635	185	450	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	145	30	115	5	5	5
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.5	14.4	32.5	32.5	32.5
15 to 64 years	63.7	64.8	62.7	63.7	63.7	63.8
65 years and over	21.3	19.7	22.9	3.8	3.9	3.7
85 years and over	3.1	2.2	3.8	0.2	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	43.7	42.6	44.8	27.7	27.8	27.5
Median age of the population	45.4	43.8	47.0	25.1	25.2	25.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,155	...	...	9,820	...	...
Single-detached house	21,415	...	...	4,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,905	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,795	...	...	5,335	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,325	...	...	875	...	...
Row house	1,755	...	...	2,960	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	825	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,825	...	...	1,300	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,155	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 person	10,650	...	...	1,855	...	...
2 persons	11,875	...	...	1,890	...	...
3 persons	4,305	...	...	1,495	...	...
4 persons	3,625	...	...	1,545	...	...
5 or more persons	1,700	...	...	3,030	...	...
Number of persons in private households	70,925	...	...	35,580	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	61,345	29,515	31,830	24,260	12,415	11,840
Married or living common law	34,440	17,205	17,225	12,895	6,480	6,420
Married	28,670	14,330	14,340	6,625	3,350	3,280
Living common law	5,765	2,880	2,885	6,270	3,130	3,140
Not married and not living common law	26,910	12,305	14,600	11,360	5,935	5,425
Never married	15,685	8,610	7,070	9,790	5,345	4,450
Separated	2,235	950	1,285	405	185	215
Divorced	4,390	1,790	2,595	440	190	255
Widowed	4,595	945	3,645	720	220	505
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,755	...	...	8,780	...	...
2 persons	11,895	...	...	2,825	...	...
3 persons	4,140	...	...	2,145	...	...
4 persons	3,360	...	...	1,690	...	...
5 or more persons	1,365	...	...	2,115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,760	...	...	8,780	...	...
Total couple families	16,920	...	...	6,225	...	...
Married couples	14,035	...	...	3,095	...	...
Common-law couples	2,880	...	...	3,135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,835	...	...	2,550	...	...
Female parent	3,040	...	...	1,820	...	...
Male parent	795	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,920	...	...	6,230	...	...
Couples without children	9,595	...	...	1,465	...	...
Couples with children	7,330	...	...	4,760	...	...
1 child	3,030	...	...	1,440	...	...
2 children	3,035	...	...	1,400	...	...
3 or more children	1,260	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,835	...	...	2,555	...	...
1 child	2,300	...	...	1,360	...	...
2 children	1,105	...	...	700	...	...
3 or more children	425	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,100	6,750	7,350	4,475	2,555	1,915
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,155	...	...	9,820	...	...
One-census-family households	20,170	...	...	6,355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,385	...	...	1,065	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,785	...	...	5,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	290	...	...	1,140	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,695	...	...	2,320	...	...
One-person households	10,650	...	...	1,855	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,045	...	...	470	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	71,260	34,620	36,640	35,690	18,200	17,490
English only	65,595	32,145	33,450	32,065	16,345	15,715
French only	40	25	20	60	35	20
English and French	5,395	2,360	3,035	1,525	795	725
Neither English nor French	235	90	145	2,045	1,025	1,025
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	71,260	34,620	36,640	35,690	18,200	17,490
English	69,330	33,760	35,580	32,990	16,795	16,195
French	1,585	725	865	580	340	240
English and French	110	50	60	90	50	40
Neither English nor French	230	85	140	2,025	1,015	1,015
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,645	750	895	625	365	260
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.4	1.8	2.0	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	71,260	34,620	36,640	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	70,465	34,240	36,225	34,960	17,830	17,130
Official languages	64,815	31,470	33,340	11,615	6,085	5,530
English	63,105	30,705	32,400	11,020	5,740	5,280
French	1,705	770	940	595	350	240
Non-official languages	5,655	2,765	2,885	23,345	11,740	11,605
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	22,610	11,360	11,250
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	22,600	11,355	11,245
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	495	220	275
Inuktitut	0	0	0	22,070	11,125	10,945
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,635	2,760	2,875	735	380	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	130	115	75	60	20
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	5	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	125	115	60	45	15
Amharic	5	5	0	20	10	5
Arabic	205	105	100	40	30	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205	70	135	175	65	105
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	10	5	5	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	55	115	135	50	80
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	85	45	20	10	10
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	35	15	5	0	0
Tamil	35	20	15	15	10	5
Telugu	40	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,305	2,115	2,190	270	145	120
Albanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	300	375	40	30	15
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	660	295	365	45	30	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	5	0
Croatian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	30	5	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	280	125	155	15	15	0
Russian	55	20	35	10	5	5
Serbian	20	10	15	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	75	35	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	30	45	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,045	490	555	70	40	30
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	15	5	5	0
Dutch	570	260	305	15	5	5
Frisian	30	15	15	0	0	0
German	380	185	195	35	20	15
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	5	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	190	105	80	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	735	400	335	85	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	650	360	295	80	40	35
Bengali	30	15	10	25	15	15
Gujarati	265	140	125	5	0	0
Hindi	110	65	45	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	5	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	65	50	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	105	50	55	25	15	15
Iranian languages	80	45	40	10	5	5
Kurdish	10	5	10	0	5	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	25	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,620	790	830	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	840	440	400	5	5	5
Portuguese	355	165	195	5	5	0
Romanian	40	10	25	10	0	5
Spanish	380	170	210	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	40	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	30	15	75	50	30
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	15	10	5
Swahili	5	0	5	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	5	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	20	10	10
American Sign Language	5	5	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	360	170	190	50	20	30
Chinese languages	340	165	180	50	20	30
Cantonese	135	70	65	15	5	10
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	175	75	100	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Burmese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	60	60	20	10	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	30	15	15	5	5	5
Hungarian	90	45	40	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	795	385	410	735	370	365
English and French	260	110	150	25	10	15
English and non-official language	490	250	240	685	355	335
French and non-official language	15	10	5	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	71,260	34,620	36,640	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	70,165	34,100	36,065	35,085	17,895	17,185
Official languages	68,265	33,195	35,070	17,030	8,660	8,370
English	67,810	32,995	34,810	16,685	8,470	8,215
French	455	200	260	345	190	155
Non-official languages	1,900	905	995	18,055	9,240	8,815
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	110	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	17,600	9,015	8,590
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,900	900	990	320	165	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	50	60	30	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	50	60	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Arabic	90	40	50	15	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	30	35	120	55	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	30	25	110	55	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	50	30	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	30	10	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	15	10	5
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,260	580	680	85	50	35
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	75	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	60	70	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	30	30	5	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	395	210	190	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	360	190	165	45	25	20
Bengali	5	0	5	20	15	10
Gujarati	175	90	85	0	0	0
Hindi	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	5	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25	0	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	15	5	5
Iranian languages	40	20	20	5	5	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	245	340	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	90	140	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	60	90	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	5	0
Spanish	195	90	105	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	35	20	15
American Sign Language	5	5	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	105	115	15	5	10
Chinese languages	205	100	105	15	5	10
Cantonese	75	35	40	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	60	60	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,095	520	575	610	305	305
English and French	115	40	75	20	10	10
English and non-official language	950	460	485	585	290	295
French and non-official language	10	10	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	71,260	34,620	36,640	35,690	18,205	17,490
None	66,860	32,575	34,290	17,430	8,995	8,435
English	1,070	510	560	9,555	4,885	4,670
French	1,230	505	725	240	130	110
Non-official language	2,025	995	1,030	8,425	4,175	4,250
Aboriginal	50	20	35	7,990	3,960	4,025
Non-Aboriginal	1,970	970	995	435	215	220
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	5	20	15	10
French and non-official language	50	25	25	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60,155	29,085	31,065	23,930	12,180	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,970	28,175	29,795	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,038	46,298	26,510	29,743	28,817	30,326
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,015	28,175	29,840	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,916	40,853	24,518	28,635	27,517	29,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,470	25,600	25,870	19,220	9,910	9,315
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,684	43,876	22,837	30,583	31,667	29,517
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,855	19,945	23,905	21,890	11,040	10,840
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,946	8,046	7,871	2,524	1,275	4,682
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,350	21,585	18,760	18,590	9,605	8,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,863	38,394	24,036	29,724	30,603	28,640
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	60,215	29,165	31,055	23,935	12,175	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,875	28,205	29,670	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,865	62,451	35,948	50,689	50,882	50,492
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,945	28,210	29,740	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,995	49,800	30,695	43,247	42,937	43,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,405	25,660	25,745	19,225	9,905	9,310
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,517	61,995	33,088	52,115	53,453	50,693
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,745	19,940	23,805	21,885	11,045	10,845
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,810	8,565	9,015	6,191	4,314	8,103
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,400	21,675	18,725	18,590	9,605	8,980
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,037	56,819	33,553	51,195	52,454	49,849
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	60,220	29,160	31,055	23,930	12,175	11,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,380	9,910	7,470	7,580	3,925	3,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,443	71,743	43,741	90,230	88,548	91,332
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,824	85,822	53,246	88,321	89,311	87,259
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.4	90.4	79.8	88.1	91.8	84.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.6	69.8	58.7	83.7	87.2	80.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.6	9.6	20.2	11.9	8.3	15.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	60,150	29,090	31,065	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without total income	2,180	915	1,265	1,495	830	665
With total income	57,970	28,175	29,795	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.9	95.9	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,175	3,320	4,855	5,320	3,165	2,155
$10,000 to $19,999	9,800	3,475	6,320	3,350	1,480	1,870
$20,000 to $29,999	8,260	2,930	5,330	2,610	1,135	1,475
$30,000 to $39,999	6,490	2,730	3,760	1,810	840	965
$40,000 to $49,999	5,550	2,600	2,950	1,190	575	610
$50,000 to $59,999	4,225	2,365	1,860	810	400	410
$60,000 to $69,999	3,280	1,990	1,290	730	375	360
$70,000 to $79,999	2,550	1,660	890	735	370	365
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	1,345	700	820	440	380
$90,000 to $99,999	1,740	1,100	640	835	375	460
$100,000 and over	5,855	4,660	1,200	4,230	2,185	2,045
$100,000 to $149,999	3,720	2,890	830	3,215	1,570	1,645
$150,000 and over	2,130	1,770	365	1,010	615	400
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	60,155	29,090	31,065	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without after-tax income	2,140	910	1,220	1,495	835	665
With after-tax income	58,020	28,180	29,840	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.9	96.1	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,585	3,360	5,225	5,335	3,165	2,170
$10,000 to $19,999	10,250	3,655	6,600	3,410	1,530	1,880
$20,000 to $29,999	9,465	3,500	5,960	2,825	1,250	1,570
$30,000 to $39,999	7,540	3,300	4,240	1,920	915	1,005
$40,000 to $49,999	6,040	3,175	2,870	1,270	605	665
$50,000 to $59,999	4,420	2,680	1,740	980	500	485
$60,000 to $69,999	3,190	2,135	1,060	1,015	505	510
$70,000 to $79,999	2,655	1,770	895	1,085	555	530
$80,000 and over	5,860	4,605	1,260	4,595	2,315	2,280
$80,000 to $89,999	1,700	1,225	475	1,095	500	590
$90,000 to $99,999	1,170	900	275	1,025	480	550
$100,000 and over	2,990	2,475	515	2,475	1,335	1,145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	60,155	29,090	31,065	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without employment income	19,805	7,500	12,300	5,340	2,575	2,770
With employment income	40,350	21,585	18,760	18,590	9,600	8,985
Percentage with employment income	67.1	74.2	60.4	77.7	78.8	76.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,670	4,380	3,290	3,930	1,925	2,000
$5,000 to $9,999	3,225	1,355	1,875	1,800	875	925
$10,000 to $19,999	4,970	1,920	3,050	2,150	1,135	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	4,365	1,725	2,640	1,440	815	620
$30,000 to $39,999	3,870	1,655	2,220	1,025	580	445
$40,000 to $49,999	3,060	1,480	1,580	815	430	380
$50,000 to $59,999	2,340	1,285	1,045	710	350	360
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	1,115	730	655	355	295
$70,000 to $79,999	1,510	970	535	680	360	320
$80,000 and over	7,495	5,700	1,795	5,390	2,775	2,615
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	935	495	755	410	345
$90,000 to $99,999	1,395	870	525	805	345	460
$100,000 and over	4,675	3,900	775	3,830	2,020	1,810
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,160	...	...	9,820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,635	...	...	97,441	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,647	...	...	85,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,650	...	...	1,855	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,024	...	...	72,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,828	...	...	61,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,505	...	...	7,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,603	...	...	102,778	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,492	...	...	91,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,165	...	...	9,815	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,923	...	...	115,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,055	...	...	98,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,650	...	...	1,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,581	...	...	79,545	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,974	...	...	65,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,510	...	...	7,965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,400	...	...	124,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,439	...	...	106,628	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,155	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	585	...	...	265	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,145	...	...	205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,375	...	...	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,585	...	...	295	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,355	...	...	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,485	...	...	325	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,445	...	...	325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,390	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,335	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,495	...	...	550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,285	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,100	...	...	435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,850	...	...	415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,635	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,735	...	...	4,795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,115	...	...	1,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,095	...	...	920	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,375	...	...	1,160	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,145	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,155	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	385	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	595	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,160	...	...	210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,430	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,800	...	...	300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,560	...	...	325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,675	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,640	...	...	350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,705	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,540	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,980	...	...	615	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,605	...	...	590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,960	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,650	...	...	565	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,045	...	...	4,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,960	...	...	1,200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,705	...	...	835	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,385	...	...	2,070	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,715	...	...	7,705	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,387	...	...	99,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,023	...	...	88,747	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,230	...	...	1,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,725	...	...	162,304	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,185	...	...	136,265	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,410	...	...	4,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,728	...	...	110,476	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,609	...	...	98,481	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,645	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,912	...	...	53,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,665	...	...	52,070	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,710	...	...	7,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,593	...	...	121,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,214	...	...	104,373	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,230	...	...	1,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,363	...	...	162,943	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,002	...	...	134,556	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,375	...	...	4,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,651	...	...	132,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,212	...	...	113,780	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,670	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,368	...	...	72,190	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,307	...	...	64,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,960	6,255	6,705	2,705	1,580	1,130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,145	34,964	29,894	61,995	50,048	78,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,241	31,543	27,668	54,496	45,227	66,918
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,960	6,325	6,640	2,705	1,585	1,130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,098	47,627	38,785	74,013	68,372	81,933
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,276	39,161	33,528	61,196	56,528	67,748
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	70,925	34,500	36,420	35,580	18,135	17,440
In the bottom half of the distribution	34,180	15,790	18,390	19,105	9,740	9,360
In the bottom decile	7,575	3,600	3,975	5,315	2,730	2,590
In the second decile	7,040	2,955	4,090	4,460	2,250	2,210
In the third decile	6,655	3,045	3,610	3,725	1,915	1,815
In the fourth decile	6,315	2,970	3,345	2,865	1,470	1,395
In the fifth decile	6,590	3,220	3,370	2,725	1,380	1,355
In the top half of the distribution	36,750	18,715	18,035	16,475	8,390	8,085
In the sixth decile	6,580	3,285	3,295	2,285	1,195	1,085
In the seventh decile	7,370	3,655	3,710	2,420	1,250	1,175
In the eighth decile	7,415	3,810	3,610	2,555	1,290	1,260
In the ninth decile	7,600	3,925	3,675	3,180	1,635	1,550
In the top decile	7,780	4,035	3,740	6,035	3,020	3,015
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	70,925	34,500	36,425	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	13,035	6,590	6,450	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	4,150	2,080	2,065	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	43,480	21,330	22,145	0	0	0
65 years and over	14,410	6,585	7,830	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,030	4,930	6,095	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,775	1,370	1,400	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,810	3,120	3,690	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,450	435	1,010	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	14.3	16.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	21.3	20.8	21.7	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	25.3	25.0	25.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.7	14.6	16.7	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	10.1	6.6	12.9	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,105	2,970	3,135	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,335	640	695	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	510	240	270	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,495	2,225	2,270	0	0	0
65 years and over	275	105	175	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	9.7	10.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	11.5	13.1	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.4	10.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.2	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	70,985	34,545	36,445	35,580	18,135	17,445
Official languages	70,735	34,425	36,310	33,535	17,120	16,420
English	70,710	34,415	36,295	33,485	17,080	16,400
French	5,510	2,440	3,070	1,565	820	745
Non-official languages	7,320	3,550	3,770	28,440	14,375	14,065
Aboriginal languages	95	25	70	27,345	13,815	13,530
Algonquian languages	100	25	70	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	25	70	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	95	30	70	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	27,320	13,805	13,520
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,135	525	615
Inuktitut	0	0	0	26,215	13,305	12,910
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,220	3,525	3,700	1,235	625	605
Afro-Asiatic languages	470	275	195	120	80	40
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	25	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	460	265	195	85	60	30
Amharic	10	0	10	20	20	0
Arabic	405	225	180	55	45	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	10	10	10
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	0	15	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	30	30	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	290	110	180	215	80	130
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	15	10	0	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	95	175	200	80	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	175	135	35	20	10	10
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	65	20	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	10	20	15	0
Telugu	70	55	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,480	2,640	2,840	565	290	275
Albanian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	775	345	430	75	40	35
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	755	340	415	75	45	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	10	0
Bulgarian	40	25	20	10	10	0
Croatian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	10	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	330	165	170	25	15	10
Russian	125	45	80	35	15	20
Serbian	25	10	10	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	85	30	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	35	55	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,325	635	690	150	70	75
Afrikaans	10	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	10	10	10	15	0	0
Dutch	670	315	360	15	0	10
Frisian	50	30	20	0	0	0
German	605	295	310	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	145	100	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	995	550	445	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	895	500	395	95	50	40
Bengali	45	30	20	30	15	15
Gujarati	345	200	145	10	0	0
Hindi	500	295	210	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	75	90	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Urdu	170	85	85	35	20	15
Iranian languages	110	55	55	10	10	0
Kurdish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	35	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,175	990	1,185	255	125	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,015	490	520	40	20	20
Portuguese	365	145	220	10	10	0
Romanian	45	15	30	10	0	0
Spanish	795	360	440	210	105	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	70	20	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	30	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	165	85	85	110	70	40
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	0
Swahili	115	50	70	20	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	50	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	35	45	135	60	75
American Sign Language	20	0	20	70	35	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	70	30	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	410	180	230	80	40	40
Chinese languages	370	160	205	75	40	40
Cantonese	145	75	70	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	80	130	30	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	15	20	10	0	0
Burmese	35	15	20	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	60	50	20	10	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	100	50	50	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	70,985	34,545	36,445	35,580	18,140	17,440
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	68,720	33,480	35,245	35,285	17,990	17,290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,875	6,455	6,420	13,480	6,915	6,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	55,840	27,020	28,820	21,805	11,080	10,725
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,265	1,065	1,200	300	145	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	70,985	34,540	36,445	35,580	18,140	17,445
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	61,715	30,135	31,575	34,600	17,630	16,980
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,725	4,050	4,675	915	485	435
Before 1981	5,315	2,560	2,760	155	95	55
1981 to 1990	940	355	585	100	60	40
1991 to 2000	875	400	470	160	85	75
2001 to 2010	1,110	515	600	335	170	165
2001 to 2005	515	245	275	165	90	70
2006 to 2010	595	270	325	175	80	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	480	220	260	165	75	90
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	545	360	190	55	25	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,720	4,050	4,680	920	485	430
Under 5 years	1,195	545	645	100	50	55
5 to 14 years	1,655	880	775	160	95	65
15 to 24 years	2,280	980	1,305	165	85	75
25 to 44 years	3,125	1,425	1,695	435	225	215
45 years and over	475	220	250	55	35	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,725	4,050	4,675	920	485	430
Americas	1,595	600	995	160	75	85
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	90	45	45	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	10	10	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	115	60	50	25	10	15
Mexico	60	30	30	0	10	0
Peru	0	10	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	30	40	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	970	295	675	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	220	110	110	45	25	25
Europe	5,000	2,420	2,580	195	120	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	15	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	45	25	20	10	0	10
Germany	320	135	185	25	15	10
Greece	145	80	65	0	0	0
Hungary	80	50	35	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Italy	610	315	290	10	0	10
Netherlands	565	300	265	10	0	0
Poland	200	90	110	15	10	0
Portugal	210	85	130	0	10	0
Romania	45	15	30	10	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	10	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	0	15	10	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,270	1,105	1,165	80	50	30
Other places of birth in Europe	305	145	165	30	15	10
Africa	315	165	150	190	110	80
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	10	20	10	10
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	15	20	0	30	10	15
Somalia	10	10	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	210	105	110	105	60	40
Asia	1,775	835	945	370	175	195
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	200	55	145	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	25	15	10	10	0
India	460	230	225	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	45	30	10	0	0
Iraq	155	85	65	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	30	35	10	0	10
Lebanon	45	20	25	15	15	0
Pakistan	115	50	60	30	15	15
Philippines	270	105	165	185	75	110
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	25	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	210	105	105	35	15	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	30	0	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	480	220	260	165	75	90
Americas	110	60	55	35	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	10	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	30	50	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	10	10	0
Europe	75	20	55	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	10	25	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	10	0	0
Africa	75	45	30	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	30	0	0	0
Asia	215	95	125	75	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	30	35	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	20	15	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	15	50	20	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	70,985	34,540	36,440	35,580	18,135	17,440
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,585	4,545	5,040	1,025	530	495
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,280	6,105	6,175	925	480	445
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,120	23,895	25,230	33,630	17,125	16,500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,520	1,545	1,980	770	390	380
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,460	750	710	430	210	220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	535	395	145	230	115	115
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	925	355	570	195	90	110
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,545	545	1,000	235	115	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	495	235	260	105	65	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	70,985	34,540	36,440	35,580	18,140	17,445
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,785	1,320	1,460	30,555	15,415	15,140
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,670	1,260	1,405	30,495	15,385	15,105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,885	870	1,020	190	90	100
Métis	765	390	370	165	85	75
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	15	30,135	15,205	14,925
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	15	25	55	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	45	30	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	68,205	33,215	34,980	5,025	2,725	2,300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	70,985	34,540	36,440	35,580	18,140	17,440
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,485	660	825	165	75	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,500	33,880	35,615	35,410	18,060	17,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	70,985	34,545	36,445	35,580	18,135	17,445
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	815	355	460	25,215	12,745	12,470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	805	350	455	25,025	12,665	12,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	730	320	410	100	50	55
Métis single ancestry	70	25	45	40	15	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	24,890	12,600	12,290
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	190	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	165	70	95
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,850	1,420	1,435	5,205	2,595	2,610
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,800	1,390	1,410	4,985	2,495	2,495
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,985	965	1,020	255	140	120
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	795	420	375	65	40	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	4,665	2,315	2,355
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	35	20	215	100	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	30	20	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	160	75	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	67,320	32,765	34,550	5,160	2,795	2,365
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	70,985	34,540	36,445	35,580	18,135	17,440
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,720	2,450	2,270	905	450	460
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,225	675	555	115	60	55
Chinese	570	260	310	75	30	45
Black	1,010	530	475	330	180	150
Filipino	420	170	245	230	95	135
Latin American	380	200	175	40	20	20
Arab	410	220	190	40	30	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	205	105	100	30	10	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	115	60	50	10	0	10
Korean	80	40	35	10	10	10
Japanese	80	45	30	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	120	75	40	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	120	60	55	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	66,260	32,090	34,175	34,670	17,685	16,985
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	70,985	34,540	36,440	35,580	18,140	17,445
North American Aboriginal origins	3,665	1,775	1,885	30,420	15,340	15,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,775	1,320	1,455	690	345	350
Inuit	25	0	10	29,950	15,095	14,855
Métis	930	485	450	185	95	95
Other North American origins	25,450	12,215	13,235	1,815	960	860
Acadian	55	10	35	105	50	55
American	1,300	540	760	230	120	110
Canadian	24,540	11,845	12,695	1,305	685	630
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	40	25	15	125	70	50
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	50	40	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	54,315	26,185	28,130	8,315	4,345	3,975
British Isles origins	39,350	19,015	20,340	5,815	3,015	2,790
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,285	10,770	12,520	1,625	825	800
Irish	15,980	7,645	8,335	1,745	895	850
Manx	40	25	20	10	0	0
Scottish	17,360	8,325	9,035	3,265	1,695	1,575
Welsh	1,495	725	770	160	85	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,815	865	945	355	200	150
French origins	11,335	5,340	5,995	1,485	785	700
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,330	5,340	5,990	1,475	780	695
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,760	6,635	7,120	975	470	505
Austrian	300	140	155	35	25	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	850	375	480	30	20	15
Dutch	5,570	2,645	2,920	190	90	105
Flemish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
German	7,870	3,850	4,015	745	355	390
Luxembourger	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swiss	95	50	40	20	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,535	745	790	675	335	340
Danish	365	200	165	290	145	150
Finnish	330	175	155	50	25	25
Icelandic	95	50	45	30	10	25
Norwegian	375	180	200	145	70	80
Swedish	330	135	195	115	65	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	15	55	85	45	40
Eastern European origins	5,665	2,660	3,000	515	260	255
Bulgarian	75	30	45	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	295	165	135	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	155	60	100	0	0	0
Estonian	35	30	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	720	305	415	45	20	25
Latvian	60	30	30	10	0	10
Lithuanian	100	25	70	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,115	1,075	1,035	145	90	55
Romanian	325	125	200	20	10	15
Russian	555	260	295	100	60	40
Slovak	495	210	280	15	10	0
Ukrainian	1,560	740	815	190	90	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	15	30	15	15
Southern European origins	6,025	3,100	2,920	420	215	205
Albanian	25	15	15	10	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	80	70	10	10	0
Cypriot	25	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	585	330	260	20	10	0
Italian	3,645	1,895	1,755	175	95	85
Kosovar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Maltese	90	65	25	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	900	440	460	115	60	55
Serbian	65	45	20	0	0	10
Sicilian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	500	220	275	75	35	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	50	45	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	245	100	145	345	190	155
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	95	40	50	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	60	90	305	170	140
Caribbean origins	700	405	290	95	50	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	25	15	10	10	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuban	20	20	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	20	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	390	195	195	40	20	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	70	30	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	30	35	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	45	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	625	320	305	65	30	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	10	0	0
Belizean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	35	15	10	0	0
Colombian	65	20	45	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	110	65	50	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	10	0	10
Honduran	30	10	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	165	75	85	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	105	50	50	10	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	10	0	0
African origins	825	420	405	465	255	210
Central and West African origins	220	115	100	65	35	30
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	10	10	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	50	20	20	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	10	0	0
North African origins	110	45	65	30	15	10
Algerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	105	40	65	15	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	105	60	55	80	60	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	20	10	0	10	0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	10	0	0
South African	35	20	20	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	415	215	205	285	145	140
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	40	35	50	25	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	340	175	170	240	120	120
Asian origins	3,580	1,800	1,780	615	280	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	810	430	385	100	60	40
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	75	35	40	10	10	0
Armenian	30	15	10	10	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	60	40	20	15	0
Iraqi	145	85	55	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	295	145	150	40	20	15
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	75	35	45	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	15	35	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,255	685	565	130	65	65
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,005	560	440	65	35	35
Goan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	135	75	60	15	10	0
Punjabi	60	25	35	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	45	20	30	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,540	710	830	385	155	225
Burmese	40	20	20	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	760	365	395	115	50	70
Filipino	455	185	270	245	100	145
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	40	20	10	0	0
Japanese	90	50	45	15	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	35	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	50	50	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	40	20	15	15	0	0
Australian	25	10	20	10	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
Owner	21,920	...	...	1,960	...	...
Renter	10,245	...	...	7,860	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
Condominium	1,495	...	...	265	...	...
Not condominium	30,665	...	...	9,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	3,900	...	...	1,365	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,465	...	...	3,835	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,430	...	...	3,100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,290	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,555	...	...	4,865	...	...
5 rooms	4,055	...	...	2,515	...	...
6 rooms	4,470	...	...	1,435	...	...
7 rooms	4,635	...	...	625	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,455	...	...	380	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,020	...	...	7,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	140	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,165	...	...	9,815	...	...
Suitable	31,415	...	...	6,785	...	...
Not suitable	750	...	...	3,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
1960 or before	12,405	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,245	...	...	2,150	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,875	...	...	1,995	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,950	...	...	2,095	...	...
2001 to 2005	935	...	...	860	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,075	...	...	1,285	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	685	...	...	1,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,835	...	...	7,255	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,330	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,075	...	...	6,830	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,675	...	...	2,780	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	415	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,165	...	...	9,820	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,085	...	...	400	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,285	...	...	2,480	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,540	...	...	2,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,610	...	...	2,285	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,850	...	...	1,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,335	...	...	610	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,155	...	...	180	...	...
85 years and over	1,300	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,125	...	...	9,810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,850	...	...	9,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,270	...	...	570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,570	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,920	...	...	1,955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.1	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.8	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	901	...	...	1,497	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,509	...	...	300,924	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	243,878	...	...	352,070	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,245	...	...	7,860	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.0	...	...	83.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.0	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	829	...	...	281	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	880	...	...	736	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,215	29,165	31,055	23,935	12,175	11,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,555	4,365	5,190	12,140	6,175	5,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,895	8,205	9,690	3,615	1,825	1,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,765	16,590	16,170	8,175	4,170	4,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,840	4,700	1,140	1,840	1,450	385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,180	1,485	695	1,140	835	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,660	3,220	450	695	615	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,420	7,155	9,270	3,580	1,530	2,050
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	765	275	490	215	95	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,740	4,465	5,270	2,545	1,095	1,445
Bachelor's degree	6,925	2,975	3,945	1,680	710	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	305	375	90	45	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	180	85	25	10	15
Master's degree	1,630	850	780	700	305	395
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	240	160	80	50	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,305	18,235	19,075	16,485	8,395	8,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,180	1,575	1,610	6,750	3,435	3,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,430	4,955	5,475	2,405	1,265	1,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,695	11,705	11,990	7,325	3,690	3,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,815	3,110	705	1,595	1,255	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,370	970	410	995	725	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,435	2,135	300	600	530	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,460	5,480	6,985	3,185	1,345	1,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	185	285	200	85	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,950	2,930	4,015	2,355	1,005	1,345
Bachelor's degree	4,975	1,990	2,985	1,545	645	895
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	205	270	75	40	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	135	80	25	10	15
Master's degree	1,140	525	615	665	295	375
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	140	75	65	45	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,215	29,165	31,055	23,930	12,180	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,455	12,570	14,880	15,755	8,005	7,745
Education	1,945	520	1,420	1,005	290	715
13. Education	1,945	520	1,420	1,010	295	715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	690	230	455	195	110	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	95	55	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	540	140	400	160	85	75
Humanities	1,380	500	880	370	155	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	10	55	105	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	360	70	285	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	430	155	270	75	35	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	30	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	95	50	40	30	10
54. History	255	145	105	60	40	25
55. French language and literature/letters	75	0	70	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,115	855	2,260	1,010	320	690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	180	45	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	80	140	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	910	90	820	310	20	290
22. Legal professions and studies	385	140	245	130	60	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	25	25	0	25
42. Psychology	520	80	445	60	25	35
45. Social sciences	1,035	460	575	250	140	110
Business, management and public administration	5,060	1,610	3,455	1,655	555	1,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	700	120	575	210	55	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,360	1,490	2,870	1,445	500	950
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,040	585	455	210	110	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	305	115	190	70	30	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	60	75	70	35	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	335	230	110	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	245	165	80	40	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	600	295	175	105	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	720	505	210	140	90	50
25. Library science	60	15	50	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	70	30	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,040	9,320	720	1,620	1,475	145
04. Architecture and related services	120	90	35	45	30	15
14. Engineering	1,655	1,350	300	105	90	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,765	2,495	270	310	255	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,480	2,450	30	715	680	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,735	1,680	50	365	350	15
48. Precision production	1,280	1,255	30	75	75	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	215	180	215	155	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	145	115	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	70	60	195	150	50
Health and related fields	5,725	915	4,810	750	195	560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	470	205	265	110	65	40
51. Health professions and related programs	5,175	650	4,525	645	125	520
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	60	15	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,480	1,235	1,245	980	710	270
12. Personal and culinary services	1,330	285	1,045	315	110	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	755	565	190	160	130	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	370	10	505	465	40
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,310	18,235	19,075	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,610	6,525	7,085	9,155	4,700	4,455
Education	1,180	315	865	905	260	650
13. Education	1,175	315	860	905	260	650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	180	335	170	95	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	65	40	30	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	410	115	295	140	75	70
Humanities	980	360	615	320	130	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	40	95	15	75
23. English language and literature/letters	225	35	185	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	125	195	60	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	20	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	75	35	30	25	10
54. History	175	100	80	45	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	45	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,325	570	1,750	900	280	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	140	40	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	70	120	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	705	60	645	280	20	265
22. Legal professions and studies	315	100	220	120	55	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	25	25	10	20
42. Psychology	380	50	325	55	15	35
45. Social sciences	680	280	405	230	125	105
Business, management and public administration	3,805	1,135	2,670	1,510	495	1,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	580	85	490	190	50	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,220	1,045	2,175	1,325	450	875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	360	365	185	95	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	75	145	65	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	55	55	65	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	115	90	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	185	115	65	30	25	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	730	510	220	160	95	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	595	435	160	135	85	50
25. Library science	45	15	35	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	60	20	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,125	6,495	635	1,410	1,285	125
04. Architecture and related services	100	75	30	45	25	15
14. Engineering	1,130	865	265	100	80	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,960	1,715	245	275	230	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,780	1,760	20	635	595	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,280	1,230	45	305	290	10
48. Precision production	870	845	25	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	170	140	190	140	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	115	90	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	60	50	175	135	45
Health and related fields	4,165	690	3,480	690	180	510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	370	140	230	100	65	35
51. Health professions and related programs	3,740	505	3,235	590	115	480
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	35	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,840	925	915	865	625	245
12. Personal and culinary services	970	235	740	280	100	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	615	450	160	140	115	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	240	15	445	410	35
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,220	29,160	31,055	23,930	12,175	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,450	12,570	14,885	15,755	8,005	7,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,765	16,590	16,170	8,175	4,170	4,010
Location of study inside Canada	29,300	14,815	14,485	7,645	3,900	3,745
Same as province or territory of residence	27,555	13,905	13,650	3,330	1,485	1,850
Different than province or territory of residence	1,745	915	835	4,310	2,415	1,895
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,470	1,775	1,685	535	270	265
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,210	530	685	120	60	55
Philippines	135	40	95	135	45	85
India	375	195	180	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	585	385	200	70	40	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	20	25	10	0	0
France	15	10	10	10	0	0
Other	1,100	600	500	180	105	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,310	18,235	19,075	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,610	6,525	7,080	9,155	4,700	4,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,695	11,705	11,990	7,325	3,690	3,635
Location of study inside Canada	21,755	10,855	10,900	6,840	3,445	3,390
Same as province or territory of residence	20,565	10,255	10,315	2,975	1,290	1,680
Different than province or territory of residence	1,190	600	585	3,860	2,150	1,710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,940	845	1,090	490	245	240
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	810	310	500	105	55	45
Philippines	70	25	50	120	40	80
India	215	95	120	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	145	75	70	60	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	20	10	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	645	325	325	170	95	75
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	60,220	29,165	31,055	23,935	12,180	11,755
In the labour force	34,805	18,225	16,575	16,340	8,515	7,820
Employed	31,610	16,435	15,175	12,820	6,430	6,395
Unemployed	3,195	1,790	1,400	3,515	2,090	1,425
Not in the labour force	25,410	10,935	14,475	7,590	3,660	3,935
Participation rate	57.8	62.5	53.4	68.3	69.9	66.5
Employment rate	52.5	56.4	48.9	53.6	52.8	54.4
Unemployment rate	9.2	9.8	8.4	21.5	24.5	18.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	60,220	29,160	31,055	23,935	12,175	11,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,015	10,270	13,745	7,420	3,600	3,815
Worked	36,200	18,890	17,315	16,515	8,575	7,935
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,670	10,065	7,605	7,760	4,035	3,720
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,535	8,830	9,705	8,755	4,540	4,215
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.3	42.1	38.0	37.6	38.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	34,805	18,225	16,575	16,335	8,520	7,825
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	490	500	1,385	740	650
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	33,815	17,735	16,075	14,955	7,780	7,170
Employee	31,120	16,220	14,900	14,505	7,485	7,020
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,690	1,515	1,180	445	295	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	34,805	18,230	16,575	16,340	8,515	7,825
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	490	495	1,390	735	650
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	33,815	17,735	16,080	14,955	7,780	7,170
0 Management occupations	2,815	1,660	1,160	1,400	850	550
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,985	1,095	2,890	2,205	610	1,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,675	2,160	520	455	355	100
3 Health occupations	2,575	420	2,155	450	65	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,475	1,110	2,370	3,310	1,045	2,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	590	230	360	570	285	285
6 Sales and service occupations	9,885	4,000	5,885	3,505	1,690	1,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,610	5,240	370	2,565	2,435	130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	455	365	90	300	275	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,740	1,465	280	205	165	45
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	34,805	18,225	16,575	16,340	8,515	7,820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	490	500	1,385	735	650
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	33,815	17,735	16,080	14,955	7,780	7,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	180	90	90	155	145	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	425	345	75	595	440	160
22 Utilities	315	265	55	285	240	40
23 Construction	2,860	2,585	275	930	815	115
31-33 Manufacturing	3,560	2,785	775	150	100	50
41 Wholesale trade	1,275	1,015	255	105	80	25
44-45 Retail trade	4,495	1,955	2,545	1,720	835	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,260	910	350	795	625	175
51 Information and cultural industries	330	145	185	195	110	85
52 Finance and insurance	790	250	540	115	30	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	480	260	220	495	335	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,975	1,175	795	290	155	135
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	20	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,090	1,220	865	385	245	135
61 Educational services	2,260	705	1,555	1,840	520	1,315
62 Health care and social assistance	4,340	665	3,675	1,245	220	1,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	825	395	435	285	175	110
72 Accommodation and food services	3,230	1,230	2,005	565	220	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,760	955	810	460	255	205
91 Public administration	1,335	775	560	4,345	2,240	2,105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,610	16,435	15,175	12,820	6,425	6,395
Worked at home	1,375	585	790	385	215	170
Worked outside Canada	290	155	140	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,140	2,330	815	945	815	135
Worked at usual place	26,810	13,380	13,430	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,810	13,375	13,430	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,765	9,260	10,510	11,050	5,110	5,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,770	3,315	2,455	350	235	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,150	730	425	30	20	10
Commute to a different province or territory	115	70	45	50	35	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	29,945	15,705	14,245	12,430	6,210	6,225
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,845	13,180	11,665	3,605	2,135	1,470
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,115	975	1,140	2,225	1,045	1,175
Public transit	1,010	445	565	105	50	50
Walked	1,300	635	660	5,495	2,395	3,100
Bicycle	410	320	90	20	15	10
Other method	275	145	130	995	565	430
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	29,945	15,700	14,240	12,430	6,210	6,225
Less than 15 minutes	16,425	7,545	8,890	10,585	5,255	5,330
15 to 29 minutes	10,235	6,120	4,115	1,330	625	705
30 to 44 minutes	2,045	1,260	785	145	60	80
45 to 59 minutes	475	270	200	60	45	20
60 minutes and over	770	515	260	315	230	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	29,945	15,700	14,240	12,430	6,210	6,220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,775	1,250	525	135	110	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,440	3,760	1,680	580	425	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,090	4,630	3,460	2,060	1,365	690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,930	2,145	3,785	6,595	2,860	3,735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,215	1,070	2,150	1,545	765	780
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,495	2,855	2,635	1,510	685	830
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	37,365	19,455	17,905	17,000	8,780	8,215
Single responses	37,235	19,400	17,835	16,715	8,635	8,080
Official languages	37,185	19,385	17,805	12,215	6,465	5,745
English	36,965	19,315	17,650	12,145	6,430	5,710
French	225	70	155	70	40	35
Non-official languages	50	15	25	4,500	2,170	2,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,155	2,320
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,160	2,320
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,450	2,155	2,300
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	60	70	285	145	140
English and French	90	40	50	15	10	10
English and non-official language	40	15	25	270	135	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	37,360	19,460	17,905	17,000	8,780	8,220
None	36,540	19,155	17,390	7,360	4,060	3,295
English	115	20	95	3,665	1,705	1,960
French	470	210	260	355	210	140
Non-official language	205	65	140	5,560	2,770	2,785
Aboriginal	15	0	20	5,520	2,760	2,765
Non-Aboriginal	195	70	125	40	10	25
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	70,295	34,200	36,095	34,880	17,750	17,125
Non-movers	61,150	29,880	31,270	29,485	15,105	14,375
Movers	9,140	4,320	4,820	5,400	2,640	2,750
Non-migrants	6,200	2,890	3,310	3,560	1,760	1,800
Migrants	2,945	1,435	1,510	1,835	885	955
Internal migrants	2,575	1,230	1,340	1,785	865	925
Intraprovincial migrants	2,190	1,060	1,135	795	380	415
Interprovincial migrants	380	170	210	990	480	510
External migrants	370	205	170	50	20	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	67,550	32,815	34,735	31,435	16,015	15,420
Non-movers	42,830	20,965	21,865	18,455	9,575	8,880
Movers	24,720	11,850	12,870	12,975	6,440	6,535
Non-migrants	15,940	7,510	8,430	8,745	4,355	4,395
Migrants	8,780	4,340	4,440	4,235	2,085	2,150
Internal migrants	7,570	3,690	3,880	4,045	2,005	2,040
Intraprovincial migrants	6,590	3,200	3,390	1,510	755	755
Interprovincial migrants	980	490	490	2,535	1,250	1,285
External migrants	1,210	650	560	185	80	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]