Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saskatoon Saskatchewan [Population centre]			Long Sault 12, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan Map : Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	245,181	...	...	5	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	220,546 ^r	...	...	5^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	106,637	...	...	5	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	98,155	...	...	2	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,953.7	...	...	0.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	125.50	...	...	33.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	245,180	119,990	125,190	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	44,135	22,660	21,475	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	15,560	7,945	7,615	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	14,915	7,680	7,235	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	13,655	7,030	6,630	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	167,835	83,325	84,505	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	14,360	7,245	7,110	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	19,415	9,635	9,780	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	21,635	10,910	10,730	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	20,085	9,965	10,125	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	17,240	8,660	8,580	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	15,220	7,585	7,635	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	14,660	7,350	7,310	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	16,205	8,000	8,210	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	15,630	7,575	8,055	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	13,375	6,405	6,970	x	x	x
65 years and over	33,215	14,005	19,210	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	10,080	4,720	5,355	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	6,940	3,170	3,770	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	5,760	2,370	3,390	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	4,800	1,920	2,880	x	x	x
85 years and over	5,640	1,820	3,820	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	3,385	1,215	2,170	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	1,655	485	1,170	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	515	105	405	x	x	x
100 years and over	85	15	75	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	18.0	18.9	17.2	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	68.5	69.4	67.5	x	x	x
65 years and over	13.5	11.7	15.3	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	x	x	x
Average age of the population	38.2	37.0	39.3	x	x	x
Median age of the population	35.8	34.8	36.9	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	55,060	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,270	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	38,460	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,860	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	6,555	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,395	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	22,605	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	370	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	28,405	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	33,040	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	14,915	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	13,135	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	8,660	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	240,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	201,045	97,330	103,715	x	x	x
Married or living common law	111,070	55,655	55,410	x	x	x
Married	93,250	46,725	46,525	x	x	x
Living common law	17,820	8,935	8,890	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	89,980	41,680	48,300	x	x	x
Never married	62,955	33,305	29,650	x	x	x
Separated	4,390	1,880	2,510	x	x	x
Divorced	11,865	4,555	7,310	x	x	x
Widowed	10,770	1,945	8,830	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	64,990	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	32,445	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	13,685	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	12,505	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	6,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	64,990	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	53,990	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	45,080	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	8,905	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10,995	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	8,760	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	2,240	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	53,990	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	25,950	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	28,045	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	10,675	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	11,515	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	5,850	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	11,000	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	6,495	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,010	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,490	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	50,260	24,490	25,770	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	61,495	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	24,770	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	36,725	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,695	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	34,960	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	28,405	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	6,560	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	241,715	118,585	123,130	x	x	x
English only	222,115	109,815	112,305	x	x	x
French only	135	60	70	x	x	x
English and French	16,010	7,150	8,860	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	3,455	1,560	1,900	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	241,715	118,585	123,125	x	x	x
English	234,555	115,275	119,275	x	x	x
French	3,000	1,405	1,600	x	x	x
English and French	815	400	415	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	3,345	1,505	1,845	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,405	1,605	1,805	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.4	1.5	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	241,715	118,585	123,130	x	x	x
Single responses	236,250	116,005	120,250	x	x	x
Official languages	190,460	93,730	96,735	x	x	x
English	187,230	92,215	95,015	x	x	x
French	3,235	1,515	1,725	x	x	x
Non-official languages	45,790	22,275	23,510	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	1,265	525	740	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	1,015	415	600	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	855	345	510	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	5	5	5	x	x	x
Plains Cree	250	105	145	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	50	20	30	x	x	x
Woods Cree	70	30	35	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	485	190	300	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	75	85	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	155	70	85	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	190	80	110	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	190	80	110	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	190	80	110	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	5	0	5	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	25	10	15	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Dakota	15	5	5	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	5	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	44,525	21,755	22,770	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,360	1,730	1,630	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	385	180	200	x	x	x
Bilen	25	10	10	x	x	x
Oromo	140	75	70	x	x	x
Somali	205	85	115	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	x	x	x
Semitic languages	2,955	1,530	1,430	x	x	x
Amharic	140	60	80	x	x	x
Arabic	1,940	1,025	915	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	280	145	135	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	150	75	75	x	x	x
Harari	0	5	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	25	15	15	x	x	x
Maltese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Tigrigna	290	140	150	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	130	65	60	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,115	545	575	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	40	30	x	x	x
Vietnamese	1,045	510	540	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	7,815	3,680	4,135	x	x	x
Bikol	30	15	20	x	x	x
Cebuano	505	225	285	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	70	35	35	x	x	x
Ilocano	240	115	125	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	55	25	30	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	20	30	x	x	x
Pangasinan	10	5	5	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,735	3,185	3,550	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	25	15	15	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	x	x	x
Creole languages	65	30	35	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	45	20	30	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	510	275	235	x	x	x
Kannada	30	15	20	x	x	x
Malayalam	230	125	105	x	x	x
Tamil	150	85	65	x	x	x
Telugu	90	45	50	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	22,445	10,935	11,515	x	x	x
Albanian	80	45	40	x	x	x
Armenian	45	25	20	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	5,550	2,455	3,100	x	x	x
Baltic languages	55	30	25	x	x	x
Latvian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Lithuanian	15	5	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages	5,495	2,420	3,075	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	5	x	x	x
Bosnian	115	55	60	x	x	x
Bulgarian	25	15	15	x	x	x
Croatian	135	70	60	x	x	x
Czech	55	25	30	x	x	x
Macedonian	45	20	20	x	x	x
Polish	585	255	325	x	x	x
Russian	1,020	470	550	x	x	x
Serbian	170	95	75	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	70	30	35	x	x	x
Slovak	30	15	20	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	3,155	1,325	1,830	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	40	x	x	x
Celtic languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	5	5	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	x	x	x
Germanic languages	3,645	1,605	2,040	x	x	x
Afrikaans	150	70	80	x	x	x
Danish	65	30	30	x	x	x
Dutch	320	155	165	x	x	x
Frisian	5	5	0	x	x	x
German	2,965	1,295	1,670	x	x	x
Icelandic	15	5	10	x	x	x
Norwegian	75	25	50	x	x	x
Swedish	35	15	20	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	x	x	x
Yiddish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Greek	205	110	100	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	10,215	5,375	4,845	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	8,960	4,700	4,260	x	x	x
Bengali	1,660	900	765	x	x	x
Gujarati	735	395	340	x	x	x
Hindi	540	300	235	x	x	x
Kashmiri	10	5	5	x	x	x
Konkani	5	5	5	x	x	x
Marathi	55	35	25	x	x	x
Nepali	325	165	160	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,955	1,065	895	x	x	x
Sindhi	95	50	45	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	215	105	105	x	x	x
Urdu	3,340	1,670	1,670	x	x	x
Iranian languages	1,110	595	510	x	x	x
Kurdish	55	35	20	x	x	x
Pashto	280	155	130	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	770	410	360	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	150	80	70	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	2,690	1,325	1,365	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	200	100	95	x	x	x
Portuguese	340	135	205	x	x	x
Romanian	355	185	170	x	x	x
Spanish	1,795	900	895	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	150	50	95	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Georgian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Korean	445	200	245	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	30	10	20	x	x	x
Mongolian	35	15	25	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	855	455	400	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	75	50	30	x	x	x
Bamanankan	5	0	5	x	x	x
Edo	5	0	5	x	x	x
Ewe	20	10	10	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Ga	10	10	5	x	x	x
Ganda	5	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	60	40	25	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	25	10	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	20	30	x	x	x
Shona	45	20	25	x	x	x
Swahili	160	90	75	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	210	105	105	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	155	80	80	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	60	x	x	x
Dinka	40	20	20	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	95	50	40	x	x	x
Sign languages	85	40	40	x	x	x
American Sign Language	35	20	20	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	20	25	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,700	3,345	3,360	x	x	x
Chinese languages	6,375	3,170	3,205	x	x	x
Cantonese	1,840	905	925	x	x	x
Hakka	15	10	10	x	x	x
Mandarin	4,070	2,035	2,035	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	90	40	50	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	15	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	325	155	170	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	325	170	155	x	x	x
Burmese	95	60	30	x	x	x
Karenic languages	215	105	115	x	x	x
Tibetan	5	5	5	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	200	80	110	x	x	x
Lao	130	65	70	x	x	x
Thai	65	20	40	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	175	95	85	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	25	10	10	x	x	x
Turkish	130	75	55	x	x	x
Uyghur	5	5	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	15	5	10	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Uralic languages	395	185	205	x	x	x
Estonian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Finnish	35	10	20	x	x	x
Hungarian	350	170	180	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	x	x	x
Multiple responses	5,460	2,585	2,880	x	x	x
English and French	570	255	315	x	x	x
English and non-official language	4,675	2,225	2,455	x	x	x
French and non-official language	80	40	45	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	125	65	60	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	241,715	118,585	123,125	x	x	x
Single responses	229,995	112,865	117,125	x	x	x
Official languages	205,880	100,825	105,055	x	x	x
English	204,970	100,380	104,585	x	x	x
French	915	440	470	x	x	x
Non-official languages	24,115	12,045	12,070	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	345	165	185	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	265	120	140	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	235	105	135	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	5	5	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	x	x	x
Plains Cree	65	25	40	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	10	5	5	x	x	x
Woods Cree	5	0	5	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	145	65	80	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	20	10	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	30	20	15	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	75	40	35	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	75	35	35	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	75	40	40	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	5	0	5	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,765	11,875	11,890	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,295	1,155	1,145	x	x	x
Berber languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	5	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	250	120	130	x	x	x
Bilen	10	5	10	x	x	x
Oromo	110	60	60	x	x	x
Somali	115	50	65	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	2,040	1,035	1,010	x	x	x
Amharic	65	35	35	x	x	x
Arabic	1,400	720	680	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	210	100	110	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	120	60	60	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	10	5	10	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	170	80	90	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	755	360	395	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	x	x	x
Vietnamese	730	350	380	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	4,170	2,025	2,140	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	190	95	100	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	40	25	15	x	x	x
Ilocano	65	35	35	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	20	5	10	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Pangasinan	5	0	5	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,790	1,835	1,960	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	10	5	5	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	x	x	x
Creole languages	30	15	20	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	10	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	255	135	125	x	x	x
Kannada	15	5	5	x	x	x
Malayalam	145	80	70	x	x	x
Tamil	60	35	25	x	x	x
Telugu	35	15	20	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	10,310	5,245	5,065	x	x	x
Albanian	40	25	20	x	x	x
Armenian	35	20	15	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	1,875	925	950	x	x	x
Baltic languages	35	10	20	x	x	x
Latvian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages	1,840	915	930	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	60	30	30	x	x	x
Bulgarian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Croatian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Czech	5	5	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	35	20	20	x	x	x
Polish	200	90	105	x	x	x
Russian	590	300	290	x	x	x
Serbian	130	70	60	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Slovak	15	10	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	680	335	350	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	320	165	155	x	x	x
Afrikaans	75	40	35	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	20	10	10	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	215	105	110	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	5	5	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	100	40	55	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	6,655	3,425	3,225	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	5,870	3,030	2,845	x	x	x
Bengali	1,180	610	565	x	x	x
Gujarati	515	265	245	x	x	x
Hindi	295	155	135	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	30	15	15	x	x	x
Nepali	215	110	105	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,320	715	605	x	x	x
Sindhi	45	20	25	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	110	55	50	x	x	x
Urdu	2,170	1,075	1,095	x	x	x
Iranian languages	705	355	345	x	x	x
Kurdish	35	20	15	x	x	x
Pashto	175	85	85	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	495	245	245	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	1,285	645	635	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	40	25	20	x	x	x
Portuguese	115	55	60	x	x	x
Romanian	185	95	85	x	x	x
Spanish	945	475	470	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	55	20	30	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	275	125	150	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Mongolian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	225	110	115	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	25	10	15	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	5	5	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	5	x	x	x
Lingala	0	5	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Shona	15	5	10	x	x	x
Swahili	60	30	30	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	50	25	25	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	25	35	x	x	x
Dinka	20	10	15	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	x	x	x
Sign languages	95	55	45	x	x	x
American Sign Language	30	15	15	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	65	35	25	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,925	2,450	2,475	x	x	x
Chinese languages	4,675	2,325	2,345	x	x	x
Cantonese	1,200	570	630	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	3,215	1,635	1,585	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	200	95	110	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	255	125	130	x	x	x
Burmese	55	30	25	x	x	x
Karenic languages	185	90	100	x	x	x
Tibetan	5	5	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	85	40	45	x	x	x
Lao	50	25	25	x	x	x
Thai	30	10	20	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	90	45	45	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	x	x	x
Turkish	75	40	30	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	5	5	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	110	60	55	x	x	x
Estonian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	105	60	45	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	x	x	x
Multiple responses	11,720	5,720	6,000	x	x	x
English and French	405	190	215	x	x	x
English and non-official language	11,055	5,405	5,650	x	x	x
French and non-official language	45	25	20	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	215	100	120	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	241,715	118,585	123,130	x	x	x
None	214,735	105,555	109,175	x	x	x
English	10,900	5,475	5,430	x	x	x
French	2,635	1,110	1,530	x	x	x
Non-official language	12,880	6,185	6,695	x	x	x
Aboriginal	1,110	480	630	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	11,770	5,700	6,075	x	x	x
English and French	65	30	30	x	x	x
English and non-official language	325	165	165	x	x	x
French and non-official language	170	70	100	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	196,320	95,590	100,735	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	188,755	92,135	96,620	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,694	47,342	33,736	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	188,780	92,135	96,640	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,570	41,263	30,906	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	174,280	86,445	87,835	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,346	46,713	31,067	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	125,345	52,970	72,375	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,613	1,847	4,430	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	148,890	76,135	72,760	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,295	45,938	31,525	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	196,375	95,605	100,775	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	188,740	92,195	96,550	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,746	61,712	42,229	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	188,760	92,200	96,565	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,566	49,487	35,958	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	174,310	86,465	87,855	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,036	61,901	40,343	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	125,600	53,350	72,250	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,930	6,325	7,377	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	148,970	76,170	72,805	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,163	58,637	39,251	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	196,375	95,600	100,775	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	69,535	38,795	30,745	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,068	64,894	50,723	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	69,289	78,233	58,002	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.1	94.1	86.9	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.0	78.6	70.0	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.9	5.9	13.1	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	196,320	95,590	100,735	x	x	x
Without total income	7,565	3,455	4,110	x	x	x
With total income	188,755	92,135	96,620	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.4	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	22,675	9,925	12,750	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	25,965	9,935	16,030	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	24,275	9,420	14,860	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	22,200	9,590	12,615	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	20,720	9,585	11,140	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	16,635	8,650	7,985	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	12,680	7,045	5,635	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	9,895	5,740	4,150	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	8,155	4,750	3,405	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	6,120	3,635	2,490	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	19,440	13,870	5,570	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	13,275	9,145	4,135	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	6,165	4,730	1,435	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	196,320	95,590	100,735	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	7,540	3,450	4,095	x	x	x
With after-tax income	188,780	92,140	96,640	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,280	10,080	13,200	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	27,180	10,450	16,735	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	28,365	11,370	16,995	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	28,050	12,570	15,480	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	24,060	12,165	11,895	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	17,095	9,360	7,735	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	12,775	7,470	5,305	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	9,125	5,340	3,790	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	18,850	13,335	5,520	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	5,765	3,740	2,030	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	3,870	2,675	1,190	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	9,215	6,920	2,295	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	196,320	95,590	100,730	x	x	x
Without employment income	47,425	19,455	27,975	x	x	x
With employment income	148,895	76,135	72,760	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	75.8	79.6	72.2	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	16,270	7,190	9,080	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	10,850	4,515	6,340	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	18,250	7,765	10,485	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	15,765	6,850	8,920	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	15,920	7,340	8,580	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	14,910	7,180	7,730	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	12,370	6,635	5,735	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	9,630	5,420	4,210	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	7,765	4,615	3,145	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	27,155	18,625	8,530	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	6,780	4,025	2,755	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	5,105	3,110	1,995	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	15,270	11,495	3,775	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,859	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,359	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	28,405	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,652	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,730	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	69,755	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,435	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,554	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,495	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,853	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	28,415	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,772	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,491	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	69,745	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,938	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,889	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	1,505	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	945	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,575	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,345	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,885	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,095	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,520	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,880	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,955	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,710	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,345	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,740	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,255	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,880	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5,365	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	37,160	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	11,165	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	8,135	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	9,855	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	8,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	98,155	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	1,590	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	960	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,615	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,490	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,190	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,665	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,320	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,840	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,655	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,530	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	8,600	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,915	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	7,350	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	6,575	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5,865	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	28,000	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	11,085	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	7,200	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	9,710	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	65,125	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,113	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,081	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	24,405	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,124	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,931	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	28,090	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,120	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,431	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10,170	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,532	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,786	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	65,070	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,189	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,770	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	24,415	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,191	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,232	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	28,020	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	144,041	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,725	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	10,280	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,570	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,007	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	43,415	21,145	22,270	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,962	39,899	34,487	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,354	35,314	31,511	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	43,560	21,275	22,285	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,177	49,927	42,596	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,414	40,954	35,989	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	240,340	118,175	122,165	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	107,505	50,645	56,860	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	22,275	10,855	11,420	x	x	x
In the second decile	21,905	9,520	12,385	x	x	x
In the third decile	20,360	9,480	10,880	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	20,945	10,065	10,885	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	22,025	10,730	11,295	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	132,835	67,535	65,300	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	23,055	11,580	11,470	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	24,730	12,355	12,370	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	26,550	13,490	13,065	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	29,150	14,880	14,270	x	x	x
In the top decile	29,350	15,225	14,125	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	240,340	118,180	122,165	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	52,175	26,745	25,430	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	18,565	9,525	9,040	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	158,315	78,425	79,890	x	x	x
65 years and over	29,850	13,005	16,845	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30,915	14,135	16,775	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	10,095	5,145	4,945	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	3,855	1,970	1,885	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	17,470	7,990	9,485	x	x	x
65 years and over	3,345	1,000	2,350	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.9	12.0	13.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	19.3	19.2	19.4	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	20.8	20.7	20.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	10.2	11.9	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.2	7.7	14.0	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	18,650	9,210	9,435	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	5,305	2,725	2,575	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	2,095	1,065	1,030	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	12,725	6,250	6,475	x	x	x
65 years and over	620	235	390	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	7.8	7.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	11.2	11.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	8.0	8.1	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.8	2.3	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	240,410	118,195	122,220	x	x	x
Official languages	236,855	116,615	120,240	x	x	x
English	236,730	116,555	120,170	x	x	x
French	16,025	7,280	8,745	x	x	x
Non-official languages	57,465	27,575	29,890	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	2,550	1,040	1,515	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	2,165	915	1,245	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,985	855	1,135	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	570	225	345	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	115	45	70	x	x	x
Woods Cree	165	80	80	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	1,130	500	630	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	185	70	120	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	190	70	115	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	320	100	220	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	315	100	215	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	320	100	215	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	10	0	10	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	70	20	50	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	15	0	10	x	x	x
Dakota	20	10	15	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	54,970	26,550	28,415	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,065	2,055	2,005	x	x	x
Berber languages	15	15	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	10	10	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	430	175	255	x	x	x
Bilen	45	25	25	x	x	x
Oromo	105	40	70	x	x	x
Somali	295	115	180	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	3,720	1,915	1,810	x	x	x
Amharic	275	120	155	x	x	x
Arabic	2,680	1,440	1,240	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	445	210	240	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	200	95	105	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	95	45	50	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	375	165	210	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	230	115	115	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,465	725	740	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	45	35	x	x	x
Vietnamese	1,395	685	710	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	9,960	4,645	5,320	x	x	x
Bikol	60	25	30	x	x	x
Cebuano	690	295	400	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	85	40	50	x	x	x
Ilocano	255	120	135	x	x	x
Malagasy	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	100	50	60	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	70	30	40	x	x	x
Pangasinan	25	15	10	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,560	4,460	5,105	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	30	20	10	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	130	50	80	x	x	x
Creole languages	160	75	85	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	90	30	60	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	65	35	25	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	800	445	355	x	x	x
Kannada	45	20	20	x	x	x
Malayalam	355	195	155	x	x	x
Tamil	305	175	125	x	x	x
Telugu	175	95	85	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	28,545	13,925	14,625	x	x	x
Albanian	140	75	65	x	x	x
Armenian	80	50	30	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	6,410	2,980	3,430	x	x	x
Baltic languages	75	30	45	x	x	x
Latvian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Lithuanian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Slavic languages	6,360	2,960	3,400	x	x	x
Belarusan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	135	65	65	x	x	x
Bulgarian	30	20	10	x	x	x
Croatian	205	115	95	x	x	x
Czech	80	45	40	x	x	x
Macedonian	50	25	30	x	x	x
Polish	780	385	395	x	x	x
Russian	1,825	895	935	x	x	x
Serbian	310	165	145	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	70	20	45	x	x	x
Slovak	25	20	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	x	x	x
Ukrainian	3,860	1,700	2,160	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	110	65	40	x	x	x
Celtic languages	55	35	15	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	x	x	x
Welsh	15	10	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	x	x	x
Germanic languages	4,375	1,970	2,410	x	x	x
Afrikaans	305	160	145	x	x	x
Danish	100	65	35	x	x	x
Dutch	325	160	165	x	x	x
Frisian	0	10	0	x	x	x
German	3,505	1,510	1,995	x	x	x
Icelandic	15	10	10	x	x	x
Norwegian	100	50	50	x	x	x
Swedish	85	40	40	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Yiddish	15	15	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	365	160	205	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	12,570	6,585	5,985	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	11,500	6,020	5,480	x	x	x
Bengali	2,045	1,135	910	x	x	x
Gujarati	1,120	540	580	x	x	x
Hindi	2,885	1,540	1,340	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	15	10	0	x	x	x
Marathi	60	40	25	x	x	x
Nepali	325	165	160	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	10	10	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,420	1,880	1,540	x	x	x
Sindhi	110	65	50	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	270	160	105	x	x	x
Urdu	5,115	2,560	2,555	x	x	x
Iranian languages	1,135	605	535	x	x	x
Kurdish	70	50	15	x	x	x
Pashto	225	120	105	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	880	450	425	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	135	65	70	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	5,265	2,455	2,805	x	x	x
Catalan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Italian	495	235	260	x	x	x
Portuguese	440	195	255	x	x	x
Romanian	580	305	275	x	x	x
Spanish	3,875	1,780	2,095	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	540	240	295	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Korean	605	270	335	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	50	20	25	x	x	x
Mongolian	50	20	30	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	1,275	700	575	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	105	50	55	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	50	25	25	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	20	0	x	x	x
Ga	30	15	15	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	205	125	80	x	x	x
Lingala	35	20	10	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	30	40	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	35	15	20	x	x	x
Shona	45	30	15	x	x	x
Swahili	275	160	115	x	x	x
Wolof	10	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	325	155	165	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	265	145	120	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	185	80	100	x	x	x
Dinka	55	30	25	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	50	75	x	x	x
Sign languages	640	195	445	x	x	x
American Sign Language	340	100	240	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	300	90	205	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,175	3,495	3,690	x	x	x
Chinese languages	6,905	3,360	3,545	x	x	x
Cantonese	2,210	1,065	1,150	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	5,020	2,430	2,590	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	45	55	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	15	20	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	315	160	160	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	130	145	x	x	x
Burmese	95	45	50	x	x	x
Karenic languages	165	75	90	x	x	x
Tibetan	15	10	10	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	195	70	125	x	x	x
Lao	125	55	75	x	x	x
Thai	80	25	60	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	360	180	180	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	x	x	x
Turkish	295	155	140	x	x	x
Uyghur	10	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	15	0	10	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	x	x	x
Uralic languages	445	215	235	x	x	x
Estonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Finnish	75	25	50	x	x	x
Hungarian	365	185	180	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	240,410	118,190	122,215	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	213,800	104,875	108,925	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	46,240	23,680	22,560	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	167,560	81,195	86,370	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	26,610	13,315	13,295	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	240,410	118,190	122,220	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	193,510	94,745	98,765	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	42,530	21,125	21,405	x	x	x
Before 1981	5,190	2,565	2,625	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	2,120	1,070	1,045	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	3,960	2,045	1,920	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	13,320	6,570	6,755	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	3,820	1,825	1,990	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	9,505	4,740	4,760	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	17,935	8,875	9,055	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	4,365	2,320	2,050	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	42,530	21,130	21,405	x	x	x
Under 5 years	4,280	2,095	2,180	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	8,000	4,205	3,800	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	6,930	3,175	3,755	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	19,700	9,740	9,955	x	x	x
45 years and over	3,615	1,900	1,710	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	42,530	21,125	21,405	x	x	x
Americas	3,285	1,590	1,700	x	x	x
Brazil	75	20	55	x	x	x
Colombia	315	150	165	x	x	x
El Salvador	335	155	185	x	x	x
Guyana	50	20	30	x	x	x
Haiti	20	10	10	x	x	x
Jamaica	260	150	110	x	x	x
Mexico	215	115	100	x	x	x
Peru	90	35	55	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	50	25	25	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,145	545	600	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	725	360	360	x	x	x
Europe	7,450	3,825	3,620	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	210	90	125	x	x	x
Croatia	130	85	45	x	x	x
France	50	20	35	x	x	x
Germany	660	315	345	x	x	x
Greece	165	90	75	x	x	x
Hungary	125	70	55	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	320	205	115	x	x	x
Italy	200	105	100	x	x	x
Netherlands	270	115	155	x	x	x
Poland	540	280	260	x	x	x
Portugal	140	65	70	x	x	x
Romania	330	165	165	x	x	x
Russian Federation	225	95	130	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	210	115	95	x	x	x
Ukraine	1,125	570	555	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,030	1,075	960	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	705	360	345	x	x	x
Africa	3,660	1,830	1,830	x	x	x
Algeria	10	10	10	x	x	x
Egypt	170	90	85	x	x	x
Ethiopia	270	105	165	x	x	x
Kenya	195	100	90	x	x	x
Morocco	95	45	50	x	x	x
Nigeria	570	280	295	x	x	x
Somalia	140	55	85	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	445	230	215	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	1,765	925	840	x	x	x
Asia	27,910	13,775	14,135	x	x	x
Afghanistan	190	60	130	x	x	x
Bangladesh	1,570	835	730	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	3,765	1,765	2,000	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	355	180	175	x	x	x
India	3,365	1,775	1,590	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	525	310	215	x	x	x
Iraq	910	465	455	x	x	x
Japan	130	35	100	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	320	140	180	x	x	x
Lebanon	70	40	35	x	x	x
Pakistan	3,720	1,905	1,810	x	x	x
Philippines	9,090	4,265	4,830	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	290	160	130	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	620	340	275	x	x	x
Taiwan	85	35	55	x	x	x
Viet Nam	1,245	640	600	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	1,640	820	825	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	230	110	120	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	17,935	8,875	9,060	x	x	x
Americas	845	410	440	x	x	x
Brazil	30	0	25	x	x	x
Colombia	45	30	20	x	x	x
Cuba	10	10	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	185	110	80	x	x	x
Mexico	140	80	55	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	165	75	90	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	0	20	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	245	100	150	x	x	x
Europe	1,600	810	790	x	x	x
France	20	0	20	x	x	x
Germany	35	25	15	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	220	145	80	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	55	30	30	x	x	x
Romania	45	15	30	x	x	x
Russian Federation	75	30	45	x	x	x
Ukraine	425	200	230	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	215	130	90	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	505	235	270	x	x	x
Africa	1,500	730	770	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	60	30	30	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	30	15	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	x	x	x
Egypt	60	25	35	x	x	x
Eritrea	150	60	90	x	x	x
Ethiopia	90	45	45	x	x	x
Morocco	55	20	30	x	x	x
Nigeria	395	190	205	x	x	x
Somalia	50	25	25	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	145	75	65	x	x	x
Tunisia	15	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	425	210	215	x	x	x
Asia	13,920	6,895	7,025	x	x	x
Afghanistan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Bangladesh	910	465	445	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,835	895	940	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	15	20	x	x	x
India	1,885	990	895	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	235	130	105	x	x	x
Iraq	275	125	150	x	x	x
Israel	20	10	10	x	x	x
Japan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	175	80	95	x	x	x
Lebanon	15	10	10	x	x	x
Nepal	95	60	30	x	x	x
Pakistan	1,960	990	970	x	x	x
Philippines	4,805	2,245	2,565	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	65	45	15	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	110	60	45	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	590	330	265	x	x	x
Taiwan	30	15	15	x	x	x
Turkey	30	20	15	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	15	20	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	465	225	235	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	360	170	195	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	65	30	35	x	x	x
Australia	25	15	15	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	40	20	20	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	240,410	118,190	122,220	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	47,785	23,875	23,910	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	33,305	15,950	17,355	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	159,320	78,365	80,950	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	37,730	18,800	18,930	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25,545	13,090	12,455	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	9,935	6,605	3,330	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15,605	6,485	9,120	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,075	2,475	3,595	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	5,915	3,120	2,795	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	200	105	95	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	240,410	118,190	122,220	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	27,220	13,030	14,190	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	26,685	12,755	13,930	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	14,405	6,710	7,690	x	x	x
Métis	12,215	6,020	6,195	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	70	25	45	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	360	175	180	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	180	100	80	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	213,190	105,160	108,030	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	240,415	118,195	122,215	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	13,280	6,240	7,040	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	227,130	111,950	115,180	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	240,415	118,195	122,215	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10,285	4,825	5,460	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	9,645	4,520	5,125	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	7,750	3,635	4,115	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	1,880	885	995	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	15	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	640	305	340	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	640	305	335	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	17,670	8,575	9,095	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	16,460	8,035	8,420	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,115	3,870	4,240	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,280	4,135	4,145	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	30	30	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	1,215	535	680	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,175	520	650	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	212,455	104,790	107,660	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	240,410	118,195	122,220	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	47,640	23,955	23,685	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	13,315	7,035	6,280	x	x	x
Chinese	7,660	3,725	3,935	x	x	x
Black	5,395	2,855	2,540	x	x	x
Filipino	10,845	5,135	5,715	x	x	x
Latin American	1,895	910	985	x	x	x
Arab	2,305	1,215	1,090	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,205	1,115	1,090	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,145	585	565	x	x	x
Korean	570	240	325	x	x	x
Japanese	410	180	230	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	445	230	210	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,455	735	720	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	192,770	94,240	98,535	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	240,410	118,190	122,220	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	27,955	13,400	14,555	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	17,720	8,345	9,375	x	x	x
Inuit	120	50	70	x	x	x
Métis	12,000	5,860	6,140	x	x	x
Other North American origins	45,470	22,580	22,890	x	x	x
Acadian	205	120	85	x	x	x
American	3,090	1,465	1,625	x	x	x
Canadian	43,145	21,450	21,695	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Québécois	65	30	40	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	25	0	20	x	x	x
European origins	167,365	81,495	85,865	x	x	x
British Isles origins	92,840	45,345	47,495	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	20	15	10	x	x	x
English	54,125	26,275	27,855	x	x	x
Irish	35,360	16,965	18,395	x	x	x
Manx	40	25	15	x	x	x
Scottish	42,255	20,315	21,940	x	x	x
Welsh	4,710	2,195	2,515	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,950	1,910	2,040	x	x	x
French origins	27,860	13,585	14,285	x	x	x
Alsatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	10	0	x	x	x
Corsican	10	10	10	x	x	x
French	27,860	13,580	14,275	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	71,215	34,525	36,690	x	x	x
Austrian	3,380	1,535	1,845	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	1,725	810	915	x	x	x
Dutch	8,380	4,060	4,315	x	x	x
Flemish	175	70	105	x	x	x
Frisian	20	10	10	x	x	x
German	62,825	30,595	32,230	x	x	x
Luxembourger	125	60	70	x	x	x
Swiss	1,035	480	560	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,345	11,420	12,925	x	x	x
Danish	2,130	1,010	1,120	x	x	x
Finnish	1,130	465	665	x	x	x
Icelandic	1,885	930	950	x	x	x
Norwegian	14,875	6,860	8,020	x	x	x
Swedish	6,775	3,110	3,665	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	800	420	380	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	59,855	29,090	30,770	x	x	x
Bulgarian	105	60	45	x	x	x
Byelorussian	90	45	50	x	x	x
Czech	1,080	515	560	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	695	270	425	x	x	x
Estonian	105	65	40	x	x	x
Hungarian	5,155	2,475	2,680	x	x	x
Latvian	140	65	70	x	x	x
Lithuanian	295	135	160	x	x	x
Moldovan	235	105	120	x	x	x
Polish	14,250	6,715	7,530	x	x	x
Romanian	2,265	1,060	1,205	x	x	x
Russian	10,050	4,900	5,150	x	x	x
Slovak	375	190	190	x	x	x
Ukrainian	38,410	18,755	19,655	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	80	30	50	x	x	x
Southern European origins	8,475	4,160	4,315	x	x	x
Albanian	140	80	65	x	x	x
Bosnian	215	100	115	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	885	485	400	x	x	x
Cypriot	15	0	10	x	x	x
Greek	700	335	365	x	x	x
Italian	3,295	1,670	1,625	x	x	x
Kosovar	15	15	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	60	15	45	x	x	x
Maltese	55	25	35	x	x	x
Montenegrin	25	15	15	x	x	x
Portuguese	815	345	465	x	x	x
Serbian	330	185	145	x	x	x
Sicilian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Slovenian	200	85	120	x	x	x
Spanish	2,010	950	1,065	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	195	80	115	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	1,025	470	555	x	x	x
Basque	20	10	10	x	x	x
Jewish	455	215	240	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	45	20	30	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	50	25	30	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	450	195	250	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	1,340	765	575	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Barbadian	40	25	15	x	x	x
Bermudan	15	15	0	x	x	x
Carib	10	10	0	x	x	x
Cuban	85	55	30	x	x	x
Dominican	50	35	10	x	x	x
Grenadian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	60	35	30	x	x	x
Jamaican	755	450	310	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	25	10	20	x	x	x
St. Lucian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	180	75	100	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	70	30	35	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	80	45	40	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,380	1,100	1,280	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	140	85	60	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	70	25	45	x	x	x
Belizean	30	15	10	x	x	x
Bolivian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	105	40	65	x	x	x
Chilean	310	125	185	x	x	x
Colombian	385	170	220	x	x	x
Costa Rican	25	0	20	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	65	50	20	x	x	x
Guatemalan	70	30	45	x	x	x
Guyanese	85	45	40	x	x	x
Hispanic	45	25	25	x	x	x
Honduran	15	10	10	x	x	x
Maya	30	10	20	x	x	x
Mexican	470	225	245	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	45	25	20	x	x	x
Panamanian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Paraguayan	15	15	10	x	x	x
Peruvian	190	85	105	x	x	x
Salvadorean	330	160	175	x	x	x
Uruguayan	15	10	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	25	10	10	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	75	40	35	x	x	x
African origins	5,765	3,035	2,730	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	1,505	840	670	x	x	x
Akan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Angolan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	145	65	75	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	120	80	45	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	10	x	x	x
Ewe	10	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	265	155	110	x	x	x
Guinean	30	15	0	x	x	x
Ibo	235	145	85	x	x	x
Ivorian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Liberian	35	10	25	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	460	235	220	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	20	15	0	x	x	x
Togolese	30	20	10	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	145	85	60	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	55	20	35	x	x	x
North African origins	975	545	430	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	20	15	0	x	x	x
Coptic	35	15	20	x	x	x
Dinka	25	0	20	x	x	x
Egyptian	210	110	100	x	x	x
Libyan	60	25	30	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	120	45	75	x	x	x
Sudanese	465	290	175	x	x	x
Tunisian	30	20	10	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	35	25	10	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	2,340	1,135	1,205	x	x	x
Afrikaner	10	10	10	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Burundian	110	60	45	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	615	275	340	x	x	x
Ethiopian	325	155	170	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	50	20	30	x	x	x
Malagasy	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	50	25	30	x	x	x
Oromo	100	40	55	x	x	x
Rwandan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Seychellois	10	10	0	x	x	x
Somali	350	145	205	x	x	x
South African	365	190	175	x	x	x
Tanzanian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Tigrian	40	30	15	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	110	55	60	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	85	55	25	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	210	120	85	x	x	x
Other African origins	1,130	640	490	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	45	35	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,065	600	465	x	x	x
Asian origins	41,565	20,635	20,925	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,960	2,480	2,485	x	x	x
Afghan	325	130	195	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	575	270	305	x	x	x
Armenian	130	75	50	x	x	x
Assyrian	175	90	85	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	35	20	15	x	x	x
Georgian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Hazara	10	10	10	x	x	x
Iranian	875	480	395	x	x	x
Iraqi	1,060	540	525	x	x	x
Israeli	25	0	20	x	x	x
Jordanian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Kazakh	20	0	15	x	x	x
Kurd	75	45	35	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	10	10	10	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	10	0	15	x	x	x
Lebanese	495	220	280	x	x	x
Palestinian	100	50	45	x	x	x
Pashtun	85	50	40	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Syrian	585	310	275	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	25	0	20	x	x	x
Turk	435	225	215	x	x	x
Turkmen	15	0	15	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	30	10	25	x	x	x
Yemeni	25	10	20	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	110	50	65	x	x	x
South Asian origins	13,250	6,980	6,270	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	1,190	645	540	x	x	x
Bengali	340	210	130	x	x	x
Bhutanese	105	60	40	x	x	x
East Indian	7,505	3,985	3,515	x	x	x
Goan	25	20	10	x	x	x
Gujarati	65	30	35	x	x	x
Kashmiri	50	30	20	x	x	x
Nepali	210	105	100	x	x	x
Pakistani	3,215	1,605	1,610	x	x	x
Punjabi	675	355	320	x	x	x
Sinhalese	40	20	15	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	340	200	140	x	x	x
Tamil	40	20	15	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	595	295	295	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	23,315	11,135	12,185	x	x	x
Burmese	160	70	90	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	100	55	45	x	x	x
Chinese	9,245	4,510	4,730	x	x	x
Filipino	11,505	5,480	6,025	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	90	45	45	x	x	x
Japanese	540	235	305	x	x	x
Karen	125	60	65	x	x	x
Korean	590	250	335	x	x	x
Laotian	245	105	135	x	x	x
Malaysian	80	30	45	x	x	x
Mongolian	70	30	40	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	110	45	65	x	x	x
Thai	120	45	80	x	x	x
Tibetan	25	10	15	x	x	x
Vietnamese	1,700	835	860	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	55	25	25	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	410	185	225	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	405	180	225	x	x	x
Oceania origins	445	240	210	x	x	x
Australian	255	165	95	x	x	x
New Zealander	120	60	60	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	80	20	55	x	x	x
Fijian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maori	30	0	30	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Samoan	25	10	15	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	65,500	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	32,660	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	19,065	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	79,095	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	470	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	11,975	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	24,535	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	30,530	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30,645	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	26,530	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	15,395	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	12,820	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	11,745	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	31,670	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	95,800	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,360	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	93,195	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	4,970	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	98,160	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	18,290	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	32,795	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	15,825	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,080	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,845	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	7,060	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	11,265	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	98,160	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	93,540	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,615	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	98,165	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	56,475	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	38,555	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,135	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	98,160	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,420	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	19,345	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	17,675	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	18,020	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	17,535	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,505	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,715	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	2,945	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	98,060	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	73,835	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	24,230	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	21,140	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65,490	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.9	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,323	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,373	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,907	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	382,048	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,660	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.0	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,062	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,127	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	196,375	95,600	100,775	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	28,350	14,670	13,680	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	57,135	29,860	27,270	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110,895	51,075	59,820	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,870	11,975	4,895	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,840	3,665	3,170	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10,035	8,305	1,725	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	33,875	11,980	21,900	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,720	2,415	3,305	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	54,425	24,710	29,715	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	37,195	16,150	21,050	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,410	1,105	1,305	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,015	1,020	990	x	x	x
Master's degree	9,880	4,485	5,395	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,920	1,945	980	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	133,025	65,645	67,375	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,700	6,225	4,465	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,725	18,340	15,385	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	88,595	41,070	47,525	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,705	9,315	3,390	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,045	2,890	2,155	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,655	6,425	1,230	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	26,715	9,915	16,800	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,140	1,805	2,335	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45,040	20,040	25,000	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	30,525	13,150	17,375	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,905	830	1,070	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,685	795	895	x	x	x
Master's degree	8,590	3,785	4,810	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,335	1,485	850	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	196,375	95,600	100,770	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	85,485	44,530	40,955	x	x	x
Education	10,080	2,915	7,170	x	x	x
13. Education	10,085	2,910	7,170	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,150	1,525	1,625	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	685	510	180	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	2,460	1,015	1,445	x	x	x
Humanities	5,335	2,325	3,010	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	400	95	305	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	1,280	425	850	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,020	365	660	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	15	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	430	280	145	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,225	680	545	x	x	x
54. History	790	435	360	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	165	40	125	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,170	3,525	6,645	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	240	50	185	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	530	220	305	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,590	130	1,455	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	1,825	655	1,170	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	215	90	125	x	x	x
42. Psychology	2,065	530	1,530	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	3,710	1,845	1,870	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	22,950	7,765	15,185	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	10	55	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,005	420	1,585	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20,885	7,335	13,550	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	5,260	2,730	2,530	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,110	1,380	1,730	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	195	200	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	1,440	1,030	410	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	285	115	170	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,815	2,330	1,485	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,930	2,005	930	x	x	x
25. Library science	420	25	395	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	395	260	135	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	70	40	30	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	21,175	19,295	1,880	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	550	360	190	x	x	x
14. Engineering	5,225	4,375	850	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,520	3,035	485	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	5,120	4,970	150	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,455	4,340	110	x	x	x
48. Precision production	2,305	2,215	90	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,975	1,820	1,150	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,425	1,495	930	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	550	325	225	x	x	x
Health and related fields	19,680	3,985	15,695	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,560	730	825	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	17,455	2,905	14,550	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	665	350	315	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,285	2,855	3,435	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	4,150	1,055	3,095	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	1,045	820	225	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,055	945	115	x	x	x
Other	15	10	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	10	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	133,020	65,645	67,380	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,425	24,570	19,855	x	x	x
Education	7,250	1,965	5,285	x	x	x
13. Education	7,255	1,970	5,285	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,580	1,275	1,300	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	530	390	140	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	2,045	890	1,165	x	x	x
Humanities	4,180	1,780	2,405	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	330	75	255	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	1,015	325	695	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	835	285	545	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	345	230	115	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	875	495	385	x	x	x
54. History	645	335	310	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	110	25	85	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,580	2,940	5,640	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	225	55	175	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	515	210	305	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,320	125	1,195	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	1,550	510	1,035	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	65	105	x	x	x
42. Psychology	1,550	390	1,165	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	3,250	1,580	1,675	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	18,575	6,430	12,145	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	0	45	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,675	345	1,330	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,855	6,085	10,765	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,170	2,180	1,985	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,440	1,095	1,340	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	305	140	160	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	1,170	830	340	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	220	105	115	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,320	2,055	1,270	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,670	1,815	855	x	x	x
25. Library science	315	15	300	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	275	190	85	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	65	35	30	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,010	15,410	1,600	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	450	295	150	x	x	x
14. Engineering	4,380	3,620	760	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,940	2,505	430	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	3,950	3,840	110	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,540	3,465	80	x	x	x
48. Precision production	1,745	1,685	65	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,490	1,485	1,005	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,005	1,195	810	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	490	290	200	x	x	x
Health and related fields	15,410	3,150	12,260	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,200	560	640	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	13,625	2,285	11,340	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	585	300	285	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,015	2,390	2,625	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	3,225	875	2,350	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	30	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	860	670	195	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	900	815	80	x	x	x
Other	15	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	196,375	95,605	100,775	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85,480	44,530	40,955	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	110,895	51,075	59,820	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	91,970	41,635	50,335	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	75,565	33,280	42,285	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	16,405	8,350	8,055	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	18,920	9,440	9,485	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,990	1,065	920	x	x	x
Philippines	4,495	2,000	2,495	x	x	x
India	1,925	985	935	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,085	640	445	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,565	685	880	x	x	x
France	105	55	45	x	x	x
Other	7,770	4,015	3,755	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	133,025	65,645	67,380	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,425	24,570	19,850	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	88,600	41,070	47,525	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	71,980	32,870	39,105	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	58,830	26,150	32,685	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	13,145	6,725	6,420	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	16,620	8,200	8,415	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,400	715	685	x	x	x
Philippines	4,290	1,905	2,385	x	x	x
India	1,715	855	860	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	710	440	265	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,440	610	830	x	x	x
France	90	50	40	x	x	x
Other	6,970	3,610	3,360	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	196,375	95,600	100,770	x	x	x
In the labour force	138,225	71,805	66,425	x	x	x
Employed	128,785	66,405	62,380	x	x	x
Unemployed	9,440	5,395	4,040	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	58,145	23,800	34,350	x	x	x
Participation rate	70.4	75.1	65.9	x	x	x
Employment rate	65.6	69.5	61.9	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.5	6.1	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	196,375	95,600	100,775	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	51,955	20,885	31,070	x	x	x
Worked	144,420	74,715	69,705	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	71,550	40,145	31,405	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	72,870	34,570	38,300	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.0	41.8	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	138,230	71,805	66,425	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,185	1,030	1,160	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	136,040	70,775	65,265	x	x	x
Employee	122,840	62,795	60,045	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	13,205	7,980	5,220	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	138,225	71,805	66,425	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,185	1,030	1,155	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	136,045	70,775	65,265	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	13,255	8,285	4,970	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	19,680	5,760	13,920	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	9,365	7,145	2,225	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	11,470	2,205	9,265	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	17,635	6,240	11,395	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,300	1,355	1,950	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	33,090	14,260	18,825	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	21,655	20,330	1,325	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,795	2,295	500	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,810	2,905	900	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	138,225	71,800	66,425	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,185	1,030	1,160	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	136,045	70,775	65,265	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,905	1,265	640	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,855	3,195	660	x	x	x
22 Utilities	685	530	160	x	x	x
23 Construction	12,275	10,850	1,425	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	7,230	5,510	1,720	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	5,345	4,010	1,335	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	15,620	7,535	8,085	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,640	4,490	1,150	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	2,595	1,280	1,320	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	4,060	1,465	2,595	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,465	1,480	980	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,820	4,825	3,995	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	780	395	380	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,405	2,560	1,845	x	x	x
61 Educational services	13,940	5,140	8,795	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	18,240	3,400	14,840	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,655	1,255	1,400	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	11,425	4,645	6,780	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	6,655	2,995	3,660	x	x	x
91 Public administration	7,460	3,960	3,500	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	128,790	66,405	62,385	x	x	x
Worked at home	6,770	3,035	3,740	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	300	185	115	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	15,650	11,940	3,710	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	106,065	51,250	54,820	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	106,070	51,245	54,820	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	97,525	45,450	52,080	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,640	3,110	1,530	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,105	2,155	950	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	795	535	265	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	121,715	63,185	58,525	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	97,860	53,180	44,680	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,510	2,390	5,125	x	x	x
Public transit	6,205	2,315	3,895	x	x	x
Walked	5,550	2,545	3,005	x	x	x
Bicycle	2,735	1,725	1,015	x	x	x
Other method	1,845	1,030	815	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	121,720	63,190	58,530	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	42,490	20,045	22,445	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	61,760	32,650	29,115	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	11,140	6,565	4,565	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	2,710	1,525	1,185	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	3,615	2,400	1,215	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	121,715	63,185	58,530	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,690	4,120	1,570	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	19,335	12,785	6,555	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	39,765	20,695	19,070	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	26,095	11,085	15,015	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	12,620	5,315	7,295	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	18,210	9,185	9,025	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	148,770	76,655	72,115	x	x	x
Single responses	147,815	76,225	71,595	x	x	x
Official languages	146,690	75,655	71,040	x	x	x
English	146,195	75,510	70,685	x	x	x
French	490	145	350	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,125	570	555	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	10	10	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	10	0	10	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,105	560	550	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	30	10	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	35	25	10	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	20	25	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	85	65	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	155	90	70	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	80	45	30	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	10	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	40	30	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	10	0	10	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	165	65	105	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	30	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	45	20	30	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	40	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	x	x	x
Bengali	10	10	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Urdu	15	10	10	x	x	x
Iranian languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	15	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	45	10	35	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	35	10	25	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	35	15	20	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	35	20	15	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	565	295	275	x	x	x
Chinese languages	555	285	270	x	x	x
Cantonese	110	60	55	x	x	x
Hakka	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	410	205	210	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	25	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	10	10	10	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	0	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	955	430	525	x	x	x
English and French	185	65	120	x	x	x
English and non-official language	765	365	400	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	148,770	76,655	72,115	x	x	x
None	143,970	74,455	69,510	x	x	x
English	735	275	460	x	x	x
French	1,070	450	620	x	x	x
Non-official language	2,925	1,435	1,495	x	x	x
Aboriginal	170	60	105	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	2,760	1,370	1,390	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	10	x	x	x
French and non-official language	60	35	25	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	237,130	116,470	120,655	x	x	x
Non-movers	194,335	95,570	98,765	x	x	x
Movers	42,790	20,900	21,895	x	x	x
Non-migrants	29,780	14,645	15,140	x	x	x
Migrants	13,010	6,260	6,750	x	x	x
Internal migrants	8,530	4,050	4,480	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	5,240	2,500	2,750	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	3,285	1,550	1,730	x	x	x
External migrants	4,480	2,210	2,270	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	224,720	110,180	114,535	x	x	x
Non-movers	116,605	56,875	59,730	x	x	x
Movers	108,110	53,305	54,805	x	x	x
Non-migrants	63,860	31,690	32,170	x	x	x
Migrants	44,250	21,610	22,640	x	x	x
Internal migrants	26,655	13,010	13,645	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	15,250	7,305	7,945	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	11,400	5,710	5,695	x	x	x
External migrants	17,595	8,600	9,000	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Long Sault 12, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saskatoon [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario