Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Population centre], Ontario and Toronto, Census division [Census division], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Population centre]			Toronto, CDR Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Toronto [Population centre], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Toronto, Census division [Census division], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,429,524	...	...	2,731,571	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,144,412 r	...	...	2,615,060	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,059,207	...	...	1,179,057	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,929	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,028.2	...	...	4,334.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,792.99	...	...	630.20	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,429,540	2,630,030	2,799,510	2,731,570	1,313,590	1,417,985
0 to 14 years	886,880	455,160	431,725	398,135	204,190	193,945
0 to 4 years	279,435	143,100	136,330	136,000	69,895	66,105
5 to 9 years	303,845	155,985	147,855	135,025	69,350	65,680
10 to 14 years	303,605	156,065	147,540	127,110	64,945	62,165
15 to 64 years	3,752,140	1,824,300	1,927,840	1,906,495	925,070	981,425
15 to 19 years	333,875	171,965	161,915	145,525	74,240	71,285
20 to 24 years	383,245	195,315	187,930	194,745	97,415	97,330
25 to 29 years	398,310	196,715	201,595	232,950	113,905	119,040
30 to 34 years	388,955	187,000	201,955	224,575	108,895	115,675
35 to 39 years	371,100	174,030	197,075	196,305	94,070	102,240
40 to 44 years	377,095	177,105	199,985	182,390	86,535	95,860
45 to 49 years	401,610	191,170	210,440	190,925	90,860	100,065
50 to 54 years	419,655	204,850	214,810	202,410	98,735	103,670
55 to 59 years	372,655	180,855	191,795	182,800	88,145	94,660
60 to 64 years	305,640	145,295	160,345	153,870	72,270	81,600
65 years and over	790,515	350,565	439,945	426,945	184,325	242,615
65 to 69 years	257,495	121,000	136,495	130,545	60,360	70,180
70 to 74 years	180,655	83,640	97,015	93,605	42,320	51,285
75 to 79 years	140,090	62,395	77,705	76,165	32,730	43,430
80 to 84 years	104,975	45,295	59,685	60,630	25,670	34,965
85 years and over	107,290	38,240	69,050	66,000	23,250	42,755
85 to 89 years	67,280	26,150	41,130	40,800	15,665	25,135
90 to 94 years	31,290	9,890	21,400	19,680	6,185	13,500
95 to 99 years	7,520	1,985	5,540	4,750	1,280	3,475
100 years and over	1,195	220	980	770	125	650
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.3	15.4	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.4	68.9	69.8	70.4	69.2
65 years and over	14.6	13.3	15.7	15.6	14.0	17.1
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.5	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	39.8	38.7	40.7	40.6	39.4	41.7
Median age of the population	39.4	38.1	40.4	39.3	38.0	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Single-detached house	721,585	...	...	269,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	622,945	...	...	493,275	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	622,360	...	...	349,880	...	...
Semi-detached house	148,745	...	...	71,225	...	...
Row house	178,590	...	...	61,630	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	85,880	...	...	48,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	205,820	...	...	165,630	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,320	...	...	2,860	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	495	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 person	492,315	...	...	359,955	...	...
2 persons	547,370	...	...	333,425	...	...
3 persons	343,060	...	...	175,720	...	...
4 persons	340,325	...	...	146,580	...	...
5 or more persons	244,310	...	...	97,245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,370,520	...	...	2,691,665	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,542,655	2,174,870	2,367,785	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035
Married or living common law	2,503,410	1,251,495	1,251,915	1,181,360	592,560	588,800
Married	2,243,340	1,119,090	1,124,250	1,011,185	505,025	506,160
Living common law	260,075	132,405	127,665	170,175	87,535	82,635
Not married and not living common law	2,039,245	923,375	1,115,870	1,152,075	516,840	635,235
Never married	1,439,665	744,990	694,675	806,270	410,970	395,295
Separated	119,725	46,900	72,830	68,715	27,570	41,145
Divorced	253,000	90,060	162,945	152,000	55,485	96,510
Widowed	226,850	41,430	185,420	125,100	22,810	102,285
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,481,755	...	...	718,755	...	...
2 persons	623,865	...	...	344,110	...	...
3 persons	365,285	...	...	174,600	...	...
4 persons	353,935	...	...	143,250	...	...
5 or more persons	138,675	...	...	56,795	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,481,755	...	...	718,755	...	...
Total couple families	1,208,530	...	...	566,155	...	...
Married couples	1,078,590	...	...	481,125	...	...
Common-law couples	129,945	...	...	85,030	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	273,230	...	...	152,600	...	...
Female parent	227,295	...	...	128,545	...	...
Male parent	45,930	...	...	24,055	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,208,530	...	...	566,155	...	...
Couples without children	461,640	...	...	250,085	...	...
Couples with children	746,890	...	...	316,070	...	...
1 child	286,260	...	...	133,440	...	...
2 children	330,465	...	...	130,765	...	...
3 or more children	130,170	...	...	51,865	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	273,225	...	...	152,595	...	...
1 child	162,225	...	...	94,025	...	...
2 children	79,025	...	...	41,160	...	...
3 or more children	31,980	...	...	17,415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	875,705	394,065	481,640	602,860	277,825	325,035
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One-census-family households	1,299,140	...	...	653,360	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	391,905	...	...	226,080	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	907,235	...	...	427,275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	87,660	...	...	31,600	...	...
Non-census-family households	580,575	...	...	427,975	...	...
One-person households	492,310	...	...	359,960	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	88,265	...	...	68,010	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,389,435	2,613,915	2,775,520	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,515
English only	4,700,275	2,324,460	2,375,810	2,323,235	1,139,580	1,183,655
French only	4,635	1,940	2,695	2,725	1,140	1,580
English and French	431,595	187,195	244,400	245,695	107,985	137,705
Neither English nor French	252,930	100,320	152,610	132,765	53,195	79,570
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,389,435	2,613,915	2,775,520	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515
English	5,023,255	2,461,895	2,561,360	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,215
French	66,870	30,880	35,990	39,795	18,800	20,995
English and French	49,885	22,535	27,355	24,865	11,210	13,660
Neither English nor French	249,425	98,610	150,810	130,940	52,295	78,645
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	91,815	42,145	49,670	52,230	24,405	27,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.9	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,389,435	2,613,915	2,775,520	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515
Single responses	5,163,885	2,504,960	2,658,915	2,598,230	1,251,215	1,347,010
Official languages	2,749,615	1,362,280	1,387,335	1,411,345	697,965	713,380
English	2,690,050	1,334,640	1,355,410	1,375,905	681,120	694,785
French	59,565	27,640	31,930	35,440	16,840	18,595
Non-official languages	2,414,265	1,142,680	1,271,580	1,186,885	553,250	633,630
Aboriginal languages	530	235	295	420	185	235
Algonquian languages	365	160	200	310	135	170
Blackfoot	10	5	0	5	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	100	35	65	90	35	50
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	5	5	5
Naskapi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	5
Swampy Cree	25	5	15	20	10	15
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	15	35	40	15	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	10	15	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	225	105	120	200	95	105
Algonquin	5	0	5	5	0	0
Ojibway	195	95	100	175	85	90
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	10	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	25	20	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	15	20	20	5	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	15	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	5	10	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	5	5	5
Salish languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	5	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	75	40	40	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,413,740	1,142,445	1,271,290	1,186,465	553,065	633,395
Afro-Asiatic languages	134,720	67,180	67,540	65,540	32,330	33,205
Berber languages	210	120	85	130	75	50
Kabyle	100	50	45	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	110	70	40	75	50	30
Cushitic languages	14,355	6,170	8,185	12,355	5,305	7,055
Bilen	75	45	35	75	40	30
Oromo	1,000	490	515	860	420	440
Somali	13,210	5,605	7,610	11,375	4,810	6,560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	50	30	25
Semitic languages	119,800	60,705	59,100	52,845	26,840	26,005
Amharic	7,410	3,350	4,060	6,430	2,880	3,545
Arabic	81,030	41,680	39,345	29,825	15,750	14,075
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	9,715	4,745	4,970	4,840	2,360	2,480
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,760	880	875	695	360	335
Harari	925	440	485	755	345	410
Hebrew	10,220	5,460	4,760	4,350	2,350	2,000
Maltese	3,225	1,585	1,640	1,430	715	715
Tigrigna	4,690	2,145	2,545	4,150	1,885	2,260
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	835	415	415	375	190	185
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	170	200	115	90
Austro-Asiatic languages	49,620	22,650	26,970	26,160	11,855	14,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,850	1,285	1,570	1,365	595	770
Vietnamese	46,705	21,345	25,365	24,775	11,255	13,520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	60	25	40	20	5	10
Austronesian languages	156,930	62,290	94,640	99,755	39,025	60,725
Bikol	455	200	255	320	135	180
Cebuano	4,960	1,980	2,980	3,390	1,335	2,055
Fijian	55	25	25	30	15	15
Hiligaynon	2,260	865	1,390	1,695	660	1,035
Ilocano	9,290	3,630	5,660	7,135	2,765	4,375
Malagasy	25	10	15	15	10	10
Malay	4,235	1,910	2,325	1,930	885	1,050
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,245	560	685	720	310	410
Pangasinan	455	185	270	320	120	200
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	132,655	52,415	80,230	83,230	32,445	50,790
Waray-Waray	310	100	205	210	60	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	995	400	595	760	290	465
Creole languages	5,370	2,505	2,870	3,015	1,350	1,665
Haitian Creole	200	95	105	165	75	85
Creole, n.o.s.	3,300	1,555	1,750	1,825	815	1,015
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,870	850	1,015	1,025	460	560
Dravidian languages	128,815	63,390	65,420	67,055	33,175	33,875
Kannada	1,955	980	975	730	380	350
Malayalam	12,100	6,220	5,880	4,560	2,465	2,100
Tamil	105,815	51,355	54,455	57,530	27,935	29,600
Telugu	8,680	4,710	3,970	4,125	2,350	1,770
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	265	125	135	100	45	55
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	15	5	15
Indo-European languages	1,297,780	627,740	670,040	589,415	282,355	307,055
Albanian	12,905	6,435	6,470	8,500	4,225	4,275
Armenian	12,190	5,880	6,310	7,845	3,745	4,105
Balto-Slavic languages	247,160	113,045	134,115	120,445	53,655	66,790
Baltic languages	5,180	2,060	3,120	3,490	1,365	2,125
Latvian	2,130	855	1,280	1,605	640	965
Lithuanian	3,045	1,210	1,840	1,885	725	1,160
Slavic languages	241,985	110,985	131,000	116,955	52,290	64,665
Belarusan	350	165	185	195	95	100
Bosnian	2,655	1,285	1,365	1,110	530	580
Bulgarian	6,735	3,245	3,490	4,345	2,075	2,270
Croatian	14,560	6,925	7,640	5,565	2,535	3,035
Czech	4,455	2,075	2,380	2,860	1,345	1,515
Macedonian	11,265	5,345	5,920	6,190	2,920	3,270
Polish	64,390	29,060	35,330	25,060	10,845	14,215
Russian	80,190	36,365	43,825	36,145	15,805	20,340
Serbian	20,780	10,105	10,675	13,385	6,450	6,935
Serbo-Croatian	2,355	1,100	1,255	1,470	670	800
Slovak	4,910	2,285	2,625	3,095	1,455	1,645
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,385	1,465	1,915	1,785	750	1,040
Ukrainian	25,480	11,325	14,155	15,465	6,685	8,780
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	465	240	230	280	140	140
Celtic languages	410	190	220	275	130	145
Scottish Gaelic	150	65	80	80	35	40
Welsh	125	50	75	85	30	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	135	70	60	110	60	50
Germanic languages	39,530	17,780	21,745	22,310	10,095	12,215
Afrikaans	885	430	455	400	215	190
Danish	1,270	565	705	665	290	380
Dutch	6,765	3,165	3,600	3,185	1,535	1,645
Frisian	100	45	55	40	20	15
German	25,400	11,270	14,130	14,520	6,440	8,080
Icelandic	85	40	40	60	35	30
Norwegian	345	155	190	225	105	125
Swedish	1,045	445	595	700	305	390
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	90	155	130	50	85
Yiddish	3,335	1,545	1,795	2,350	1,095	1,255
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	35	15	20
Greek	39,575	19,195	20,380	27,840	13,415	14,420
Indo-Iranian languages	567,140	285,560	281,580	194,765	99,115	95,650
Indo-Aryan languages	456,675	230,085	226,585	138,625	70,700	67,925
Bengali	37,850	19,030	18,815	28,460	14,370	14,095
Gujarati	62,495	31,320	31,175	26,400	13,515	12,880
Hindi	46,605	23,420	23,190	15,235	7,960	7,270
Kashmiri	260	135	125	75	40	35
Konkani	2,105	995	1,110	745	350	390
Marathi	4,350	2,215	2,140	1,760	930	830
Nepali	4,605	2,315	2,290	2,540	1,295	1,245
Oriya (Odia)	570	310	265	300	165	135
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165,565	84,145	81,415	19,965	10,375	9,590
Sindhi	5,585	2,605	2,980	2,440	1,080	1,360
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,580	3,660	3,920	3,280	1,600	1,675
Urdu	119,105	59,940	59,165	37,420	19,005	18,415
Iranian languages	108,615	54,495	54,125	55,195	27,900	27,300
Kurdish	2,710	1,515	1,195	1,650	930	715
Pashto	7,425	3,820	3,605	4,355	2,285	2,070
Persian (Farsi)	98,475	49,155	49,325	49,190	24,680	24,510
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,850	980	865	940	520	425
Italic (Romance) languages	378,865	179,655	199,210	207,440	97,980	109,460
Catalan	160	85	75	130	70	55
Italian	137,515	65,390	72,125	62,635	29,050	33,590
Portuguese	97,295	46,505	50,790	59,360	28,535	30,820
Romanian	23,740	11,070	12,670	12,335	5,630	6,705
Spanish	119,935	56,500	63,440	72,855	34,630	38,220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	220	100	120	135	60	75
Japanese	9,440	3,285	6,150	7,015	2,405	4,610
Kartvelian languages	1,100	590	510	870	465	405
Georgian	1,100	590	510	870	465	405
Korean	53,940	24,750	29,190	33,665	15,160	18,510
Mongolic languages	345	160	190	290	130	165
Mongolian	345	155	190	295	130	160
Niger-Congo languages	23,670	11,085	12,580	13,780	6,460	7,325
Akan (Twi)	8,365	3,850	4,515	4,345	1,970	2,370
Bamanankan	55	25	30	45	20	25
Edo	1,015	410	605	675	260	415
Ewe	360	180	180	175	90	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	165	90	75
Ga	430	195	235	200	85	115
Ganda	500	240	265	375	185	195
Igbo	1,495	765	735	745	385	360
Lingala	375	175	195	285	135	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	350	165	185	265	135	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	375	165	205	290	135	150
Shona	655	305	340	390	190	205
Swahili	3,160	1,475	1,690	2,230	1,045	1,180
Wolof	160	85	75	120	65	50
Yoruba	3,265	1,650	1,610	1,585	820	760
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,885	1,285	1,600	1,900	845	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	340	185	155	235	125	110
Dinka	45	25	15	35	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	295	160	135	200	110	90
Sign languages	1,060	585	485	565	320	250
American Sign Language	360	195	165	210	120	90
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	700	385	315	355	200	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	507,190	235,560	271,630	250,960	114,630	136,325
Chinese languages	500,745	232,420	268,320	245,285	111,860	133,430
Cantonese	242,915	112,790	130,125	114,670	52,085	62,585
Hakka	6,385	2,865	3,525	2,855	1,220	1,635
Mandarin	223,015	103,800	119,215	111,405	51,120	60,280
Min Dong	760	365	395	445	220	225
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,360	5,250	6,115	6,120	2,820	3,295
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,220	2,345	2,875	2,665	1,200	1,465
Chinese, n.o.s.	10,895	4,915	5,980	7,015	3,135	3,880
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	100	50	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,445	3,140	3,305	5,670	2,775	2,900
Burmese	995	445	550	605	275	335
Karenic languages	270	130	140	260	120	135
Tibetan	4,855	2,395	2,460	4,595	2,270	2,320
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	330	170	160	215	110	105
Tai-Kadai languages	3,660	1,495	2,175	1,720	690	1,030
Lao	2,090	1,010	1,075	705	365	345
Thai	1,555	475	1,080	1,005	325	685
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	20	5	15	10	0	5
Turkic languages	16,295	8,475	7,810	10,680	5,610	5,065
Azerbaijani	1,590	855	740	915	490	425
Turkish	13,345	6,965	6,375	8,835	4,670	4,165
Uyghur	370	185	190	240	115	120
Uzbek	580	295	290	440	225	210
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	400	180	220	250	110	140
Uralic languages	22,500	10,030	12,465	15,145	6,655	8,490
Estonian	2,505	1,025	1,485	1,945	775	1,170
Finnish	2,135	845	1,290	1,315	495	825
Hungarian	17,855	8,160	9,690	11,885	5,385	6,500
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	935	480	455	585	310	275
Multiple responses	225,555	108,955	116,600	106,190	50,685	55,500
English and French	13,775	6,385	7,395	7,550	3,525	4,025
English and non-official language	199,835	97,180	102,650	92,620	44,390	48,230
French and non-official language	5,810	2,620	3,185	3,300	1,515	1,785
English, French and non-official language	6,135	2,770	3,370	2,715	1,260	1,460
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,389,430	2,613,915	2,775,520	2,704,420	1,301,900	1,402,515
Single responses	4,852,000	2,355,300	2,496,695	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,665
Official languages	3,440,400	1,687,780	1,752,620	1,756,685	858,655	898,030
English	3,412,630	1,674,945	1,737,680	1,739,620	850,745	888,875
French	27,770	12,830	14,940	17,060	7,915	9,155
Non-official languages	1,411,600	667,525	744,070	701,780	327,145	374,640
Aboriginal languages	155	75	75	110	55	55
Algonquian languages	75	40	35	55	30	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	10	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	35	20	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	30	20	15
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	25	40	15	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,411,445	667,445	743,995	701,675	327,085	374,585
Afro-Asiatic languages	71,690	34,320	37,370	36,560	17,185	19,380
Berber languages	60	30	25	40	20	20
Kabyle	30	15	15	20	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	8,365	3,525	4,840	7,490	3,140	4,355
Bilen	40	20	25	40	20	20
Oromo	545	255	295	500	230	265
Somali	7,750	3,240	4,510	6,930	2,880	4,050
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	25	10	15
Semitic languages	63,080	30,675	32,405	28,920	13,965	14,950
Amharic	3,805	1,675	2,130	3,425	1,500	1,925
Arabic	43,100	21,220	21,885	16,490	8,210	8,280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,540	3,140	3,405	3,615	1,755	1,865
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,055	520	535	475	245	235
Harari	515	240	280	445	195	250
Hebrew	4,320	2,220	2,100	1,610	805	805
Maltese	835	380	455	425	200	230
Tigrigna	2,465	1,080	1,385	2,250	980	1,265
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	430	205	230	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	110	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	32,635	14,890	17,745	17,760	8,020	9,735
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,555	675	880	725	305	420
Vietnamese	31,045	14,200	16,840	17,020	7,715	9,305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	35	15	20	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	71,195	30,350	40,850	48,375	20,215	28,160
Bikol	80	35	45	70	35	40
Cebuano	1,850	800	1,055	1,320	560	760
Fijian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	755	325	435	615	260	355
Ilocano	3,400	1,455	1,940	2,695	1,150	1,545
Malagasy	10	5	10	5	0	0
Malay	1,380	670	715	570	275	300
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	385	175	210	210	95	120
Pangasinan	80	35	40	60	30	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	62,885	26,685	36,200	42,515	17,680	24,835
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	60	20	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	235	110	125
Creole languages	2,790	1,290	1,505	1,530	665	865
Haitian Creole	120	55	65	110	50	55
Creole, n.o.s.	1,915	885	1,030	1,015	435	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	760	350	410	405	180	225
Dravidian languages	85,480	41,250	44,230	47,065	22,840	24,225
Kannada	805	405	400	290	150	135
Malayalam	6,220	3,175	3,045	2,460	1,320	1,140
Tamil	73,640	35,095	38,550	42,015	20,085	21,930
Telugu	4,720	2,535	2,185	2,270	1,270	1,000
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	55	30	15	20
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	695,550	333,855	361,695	317,080	150,570	166,505
Albanian	6,225	3,115	3,110	4,115	2,070	2,045
Armenian	7,350	3,475	3,875	5,175	2,430	2,740
Balto-Slavic languages	129,425	60,445	68,980	61,610	28,155	33,455
Baltic languages	1,600	660	935	1,080	430	650
Latvian	575	235	340	460	180	285
Lithuanian	1,025	430	595	620	250	370
Slavic languages	127,825	59,780	68,045	60,530	27,725	32,810
Belarusan	125	60	60	70	35	40
Bosnian	1,300	630	675	500	240	260
Bulgarian	3,775	1,840	1,935	2,450	1,190	1,260
Croatian	5,360	2,565	2,800	2,045	950	1,090
Czech	1,345	650	695	850	410	445
Macedonian	4,745	2,250	2,495	2,725	1,285	1,440
Polish	31,135	14,470	16,660	10,605	4,730	5,880
Russian	51,855	24,065	27,785	23,075	10,425	12,650
Serbian	11,975	5,800	6,175	8,020	3,870	4,160
Serbo-Croatian	915	430	490	580	275	305
Slovak	2,185	1,065	1,120	1,615	795	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	825	355	475	495	200	295
Ukrainian	12,150	5,545	6,605	7,425	3,300	4,125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	130	55	75	70	30	40
Celtic languages	60	30	25	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	25	10	10	10	10	0
Welsh	10	10	5	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	20	15	5
Germanic languages	4,725	2,150	2,580	2,895	1,320	1,570
Afrikaans	250	110	135	90	45	45
Danish	120	50	65	85	35	45
Dutch	550	255	295	285	140	145
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	3,145	1,410	1,735	1,955	875	1,080
Icelandic	20	5	15	15	5	10
Norwegian	40	15	20	30	15	20
Swedish	215	100	115	130	55	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	15	5	5
Yiddish	350	175	175	290	145	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Greek	16,600	7,760	8,845	12,995	6,065	6,930
Indo-Iranian languages	355,150	175,850	179,300	122,130	60,790	61,345
Indo-Aryan languages	282,005	140,240	141,765	84,470	42,410	42,060
Bengali	24,325	12,005	12,325	18,930	9,390	9,545
Gujarati	37,390	18,335	19,060	16,525	8,290	8,235
Hindi	23,355	11,620	11,735	7,845	4,060	3,785
Kashmiri	45	20	25	10	5	5
Konkani	430	205	225	160	80	80
Marathi	1,955	1,005	950	775	405	370
Nepali	3,040	1,540	1,500	1,705	870	835
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	145	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	112,680	56,685	55,995	12,075	6,205	5,870
Sindhi	2,405	1,100	1,310	1,130	495	635
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,440	1,685	1,760	1,550	765	780
Urdu	72,660	35,910	36,745	23,625	11,770	11,855
Iranian languages	72,405	35,235	37,170	37,275	18,170	19,110
Kurdish	1,440	780	660	905	490	415
Pashto	4,695	2,355	2,340	2,995	1,530	1,465
Persian (Farsi)	66,275	32,095	34,175	33,375	16,150	17,220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	740	375	360	385	210	175
Italic (Romance) languages	176,010	81,040	94,970	108,115	49,715	58,400
Catalan	80	40	40	70	30	35
Italian	48,970	20,920	28,055	27,130	11,365	15,765
Portuguese	48,110	23,050	25,055	33,425	16,085	17,340
Romanian	11,610	5,390	6,225	5,915	2,705	3,210
Spanish	67,175	31,610	35,565	41,530	19,505	22,025
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	45	25	25
Japanese	4,480	1,915	2,565	3,300	1,380	1,920
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	640	340	295
Georgian	740	405	340	640	345	295
Korean	37,770	17,625	20,140	23,625	10,835	12,795
Mongolic languages	200	105	100	175	85	90
Mongolian	205	105	100	175	85	85
Niger-Congo languages	8,870	3,960	4,905	5,675	2,540	3,135
Akan (Twi)	4,015	1,740	2,280	2,325	1,000	1,325
Bamanankan	15	5	10	20	5	10
Edo	295	120	175	220	90	130
Ewe	90	40	50	40	10	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	60	30	35
Ga	145	65	80	85	30	50
Ganda	150	70	85	115	50	65
Igbo	410	205	205	250	130	120
Lingala	90	40	55	75	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	110	55	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	80	40	45
Shona	225	105	115	125	55	70
Swahili	1,230	540	685	995	435	555
Wolof	75	45	35	55	35	25
Yoruba	1,070	515	555	565	295	265
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	730	330	400	570	255	315
Nilo-Saharan languages	85	45	45	60	35	25
Dinka	10	5	5	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	50	30	20
Sign languages	1,660	965	700	885	520	365
American Sign Language	555	295	260	315	170	140
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,105	660	440	570	345	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	378,605	177,030	201,575	185,430	85,370	100,055
Chinese languages	374,020	174,765	199,255	181,250	83,310	97,940
Cantonese	179,480	82,480	97,000	83,405	37,430	45,980
Hakka	2,675	1,215	1,465	1,255	555	700
Mandarin	176,695	84,105	92,590	87,760	41,290	46,470
Min Dong	240	105	135	155	70	80
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,980	2,280	2,700	2,800	1,285	1,520
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,090	1,450	1,640	1,470	680	790
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,775	3,100	3,675	4,350	1,975	2,375
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	45	55	25	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,585	2,260	2,325	4,175	2,060	2,110
Burmese	570	260	305	365	165	205
Karenic languages	210	105	110	210	100	105
Tibetan	3,700	1,835	1,860	3,525	1,755	1,770
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	80	45	35
Tai-Kadai languages	1,530	715	810	715	330	380
Lao	970	470	495	315	155	155
Thai	550	240	305	395	175	220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	5	0	5
Turkic languages	9,285	4,650	4,635	6,340	3,205	3,135
Azerbaijani	640	325	315	360	185	175
Turkish	7,975	3,980	3,995	5,490	2,770	2,720
Uyghur	215	110	100	130	70	60
Uzbek	310	165	145	265	135	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	90	45	50
Uralic languages	8,560	3,920	4,640	6,255	2,830	3,420
Estonian	630	230	395	535	190	345
Finnish	415	180	240	260	105	155
Hungarian	7,515	3,505	4,010	5,460	2,540	2,925
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	215	115	100
Multiple responses	537,435	258,615	278,825	245,945	116,105	129,845
English and French	12,185	5,585	6,600	6,510	3,015	3,500
English and non-official language	512,690	247,515	265,170	233,300	110,350	122,950
French and non-official language	2,330	1,030	1,300	1,355	595	755
English, French and non-official language	10,240	4,485	5,750	4,780	2,145	2,635
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,389,435	2,613,915	2,775,520	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,515
None	4,059,895	1,975,765	2,084,135	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,500
English	573,230	280,980	292,255	271,530	130,775	140,750
French	48,015	20,920	27,090	27,445	12,365	15,080
Non-official language	683,225	324,520	358,710	335,090	157,720	177,375
Aboriginal	435	185	250	390	170	220
Non-Aboriginal	682,790	324,330	358,460	334,700	157,550	177,155
English and French	3,820	1,765	2,055	1,835	875	960
English and non-official language	13,105	6,410	6,695	6,420	3,080	3,340
French and non-official language	7,895	3,445	4,455	4,370	1,945	2,425
English, French and non-official language	250	115	135	140	65	80
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,485,350	2,151,700	2,333,645	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,254,740	2,041,845	2,212,895	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,014	35,486	27,686	30,089	33,456	27,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,255,435	2,042,025	2,213,410	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,692	32,291	25,941	27,958	30,661	25,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,735,375	1,836,390	1,898,990	1,888,445	918,920	969,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,152	37,338	27,784	31,733	36,010	28,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,068,395	1,352,495	1,715,905	1,598,440	709,585	888,850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,123	998	3,741	2,249	1,115	3,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,153,650	1,595,810	1,557,845	1,578,750	791,520	787,230
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,317	38,641	30,510	33,602	37,149	30,393
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,485,725	2,151,900	2,333,830	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,255,475	2,041,985	2,213,490	2,187,225	1,041,925	1,145,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,118	59,794	41,191	52,268	62,667	42,807
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,256,160	2,042,200	2,213,965	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,278	46,588	34,458	41,462	48,059	35,461
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,735,945	1,836,465	1,899,480	1,889,205	918,695	970,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,862	62,449	41,625	54,901	66,647	43,781
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,068,135	1,352,300	1,715,830	1,598,720	710,015	888,705
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,363	5,481	7,058	6,631	5,725	7,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,153,965	1,596,085	1,557,885	1,578,750	791,440	787,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,662	60,906	42,192	54,032	64,206	43,805
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,485,730	2,151,895	2,333,830	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,488,180	818,260	669,925	726,575	392,985	333,585
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,941	60,166	51,725	55,246	58,626	52,090
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,842	84,302	63,286	78,643	89,498	65,856
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.8	93.9	86.7	90.6	93.6	86.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.3	79.6	72.0	74.4	77.7	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.2	6.1	13.3	9.4	6.4	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,485,350	2,151,700	2,333,645	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,125
Without total income	230,610	109,860	120,750	107,760	50,750	57,010
With total income	4,254,740	2,041,845	2,212,895	2,187,030	1,041,910	1,145,115
Percentage with total income	94.9	94.9	94.8	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	763,555	347,080	416,480	389,430	182,890	206,540
$10,000 to $19,999	770,435	327,705	442,735	410,355	175,805	234,550
$20,000 to $29,999	545,305	236,955	308,355	291,155	125,720	165,430
$30,000 to $39,999	426,865	193,445	233,420	221,475	100,395	121,085
$40,000 to $49,999	371,190	172,520	198,670	187,235	87,700	99,530
$50,000 to $59,999	294,250	143,010	151,240	145,500	70,185	75,315
$60,000 to $69,999	231,875	119,655	112,220	114,460	57,710	56,755
$70,000 to $79,999	181,995	98,550	83,450	89,645	46,940	42,705
$80,000 to $89,999	144,615	80,165	64,445	69,990	37,360	32,635
$90,000 to $99,999	122,530	65,300	57,230	58,210	30,000	28,210
$100,000 and over	402,130	257,465	144,665	209,580	127,215	82,365
$100,000 to $149,999	244,815	148,925	95,890	119,810	68,240	51,570
$150,000 and over	157,310	108,540	48,770	89,770	58,970	30,795
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,485,345	2,151,705	2,333,645	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without after-tax income	229,915	109,680	120,235	107,450	50,660	56,790
With after-tax income	4,255,435	2,042,025	2,213,415	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335
Percentage with after-tax income	94.9	94.9	94.8	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	776,015	351,385	424,630	395,780	185,320	210,465
$10,000 to $19,999	800,145	341,855	458,290	425,580	183,045	242,535
$20,000 to $29,999	622,175	273,000	349,175	330,405	144,295	186,105
$30,000 to $39,999	506,890	233,435	273,455	261,435	120,825	140,605
$40,000 to $49,999	428,590	204,910	223,685	213,815	101,645	112,175
$50,000 to $59,999	313,515	160,735	152,780	154,925	77,555	77,375
$60,000 to $69,999	229,640	125,710	103,935	112,495	59,255	53,240
$70,000 to $79,999	176,635	96,460	80,175	84,300	44,485	39,810
$80,000 and over	401,835	254,535	147,295	208,615	125,585	83,025
$80,000 to $89,999	118,825	67,420	51,400	57,270	30,705	26,570
$90,000 to $99,999	71,215	44,080	27,140	34,660	20,035	14,630
$100,000 and over	211,795	143,035	68,760	116,680	74,850	41,830
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,485,345	2,151,705	2,333,645	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without employment income	1,331,700	555,895	775,805	716,035	301,145	414,895
With employment income	3,153,650	1,595,805	1,557,845	1,578,750	791,520	787,235
Percentage with employment income	70.3	74.2	66.8	68.8	72.4	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	396,680	186,410	210,270	201,235	94,895	106,335
$5,000 to $9,999	263,610	119,885	143,725	132,320	61,255	71,065
$10,000 to $19,999	435,350	205,860	229,490	219,865	103,505	116,355
$20,000 to $29,999	343,395	158,605	184,785	176,835	81,220	95,615
$30,000 to $39,999	309,985	145,840	164,145	157,115	75,230	81,885
$40,000 to $49,999	283,815	135,050	148,765	141,850	68,400	73,450
$50,000 to $59,999	231,700	117,150	114,550	113,280	57,245	56,045
$60,000 to $69,999	185,380	98,655	86,730	90,310	47,125	43,180
$70,000 to $79,999	148,890	83,255	65,635	72,190	39,215	32,970
$80,000 and over	554,845	345,095	209,755	273,760	163,425	110,330
$80,000 to $89,999	121,685	69,155	52,525	57,585	31,675	25,910
$90,000 to $99,999	108,555	57,950	50,600	50,845	26,265	24,585
$100,000 and over	324,605	217,980	106,625	165,330	105,485	59,840
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,518	...	...	65,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,196	...	...	58,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	492,315	...	...	359,955	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,284	...	...	38,018	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,101	...	...	34,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,475,070	...	...	752,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,630	...	...	82,908	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,323	...	...	73,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,967,555	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	108,395	...	...	102,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,128	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	492,475	...	...	359,990	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,739	...	...	55,409	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,666	...	...	44,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,475,085	...	...	752,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,975	...	...	125,340	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,304	...	...	99,289	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	45,670	...	...	33,195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	31,255	...	...	23,455	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	48,970	...	...	36,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	72,860	...	...	54,025	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	69,080	...	...	47,315	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	71,255	...	...	47,500	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	72,655	...	...	46,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	74,045	...	...	47,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	73,960	...	...	46,285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	72,565	...	...	44,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	140,110	...	...	84,180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	131,050	...	...	76,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	121,160	...	...	68,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	111,745	...	...	60,400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	102,675	...	...	53,485	...	...
$100,000 and over	728,325	...	...	343,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	205,845	...	...	100,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,570	...	...	68,300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	178,280	...	...	77,810	...	...
$200,000 and over	194,630	...	...	96,600	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,967,380	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	48,175	...	...	34,795	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	31,565	...	...	23,615	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	49,785	...	...	37,080	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,575	...	...	55,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75,690	...	...	51,910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	78,360	...	...	52,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	82,540	...	...	53,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	87,000	...	...	55,545	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	89,295	...	...	55,770	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	87,435	...	...	53,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	167,070	...	...	98,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	152,470	...	...	86,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	139,615	...	...	75,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	123,875	...	...	63,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	106,420	...	...	51,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	572,520	...	...	263,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	204,555	...	...	94,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	133,630	...	...	58,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	234,340	...	...	111,185	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,418,695	...	...	705,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,279	...	...	82,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,950	...	...	73,530	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	381,755	...	...	221,155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,997	...	...	83,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,015	...	...	72,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	745,680	...	...	316,450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,062	...	...	102,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,348	...	...	89,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	240,690	...	...	138,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,356	...	...	51,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,125	...	...	47,839	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,418,175	...	...	705,440	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	126,555	...	...	127,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,479	...	...	100,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	381,845	...	...	221,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,732	...	...	127,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,620	...	...	98,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	746,125	...	...	317,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,376	...	...	155,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,509	...	...	120,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	239,190	...	...	137,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,147	...	...	70,494	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,554	...	...	59,981	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	710,010	335,120	374,890	518,285	246,070	272,220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,181	32,948	31,573	31,059	31,130	31,006
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,543	30,010	29,180	28,647	28,567	28,713
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	708,525	333,920	374,605	517,005	245,105	271,900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,700	50,146	45,520	47,407	49,458	45,557
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,832	40,028	37,766	38,513	39,445	37,673
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,370,515	2,605,995	2,764,520	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,635,600	1,252,915	1,382,690	1,455,315	686,810	768,505
In the bottom decile	626,795	302,630	324,165	404,560	195,060	209,500
In the second decile	553,235	255,400	297,840	320,165	146,185	173,980
In the third decile	503,590	237,300	266,285	268,500	125,455	143,040
In the fourth decile	478,745	228,975	249,770	238,680	113,000	125,680
In the fifth decile	473,240	228,615	244,630	223,410	107,115	116,300
In the top half of the distribution	2,734,920	1,353,085	1,381,835	1,236,350	609,425	626,925
In the sixth decile	476,880	231,510	245,375	216,455	103,995	112,460
In the seventh decile	489,145	239,025	250,120	213,325	103,540	109,785
In the eighth decile	516,090	254,485	261,605	219,865	107,815	112,050
In the ninth decile	568,130	282,000	286,135	241,850	119,425	122,430
In the top decile	684,665	346,070	338,600	344,855	174,650	170,205
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,370,520	2,605,995	2,764,525	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
0 to 17 years	1,077,570	553,445	524,125	478,360	245,340	233,020
0 to 5 years	337,255	172,765	164,490	162,510	83,480	79,030
18 to 64 years	3,542,115	1,714,060	1,828,055	1,811,260	874,400	936,860
65 years and over	750,830	338,490	412,345	402,045	176,495	225,550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	873,325	411,775	461,550	543,390	254,890	288,495
0 to 17 years	223,495	115,235	108,260	125,675	64,485	61,195
0 to 5 years	72,435	37,260	35,175	42,690	21,880	20,810
18 to 64 years	542,900	254,105	288,795	347,775	163,045	184,725
65 years and over	106,920	42,430	64,490	69,935	27,360	42,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.3	15.8	16.7	20.2	19.7	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	20.8	20.7	26.3	26.3	26.3
0 to 5 years (%)	21.5	21.6	21.4	26.3	26.2	26.3
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	14.8	15.8	19.2	18.6	19.7
65 years and over (%)	14.2	12.5	15.6	17.4	15.5	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	732,405	350,620	381,780	469,325	224,145	245,185
0 to 17 years	173,895	89,620	84,270	98,910	50,725	48,185
0 to 5 years	56,775	29,135	27,640	33,950	17,340	16,605
18 to 64 years	487,620	234,110	253,505	322,620	155,490	167,135
65 years and over	70,895	26,885	44,005	47,805	17,935	29,865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.6	13.5	13.8	17.4	17.3	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	16.1	16.2	16.1	20.7	20.7	20.7
0 to 5 years (%)	16.8	16.9	16.8	20.9	20.8	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	13.7	13.9	17.8	17.8	17.8
65 years and over (%)	9.4	7.9	10.7	11.9	10.2	13.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,371,025	2,606,395	2,764,630	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Official languages	5,119,210	2,506,430	2,612,780	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560
English	5,114,880	2,504,655	2,610,225	2,557,220	1,242,185	1,315,035
French	433,650	187,295	246,355	246,610	107,660	138,950
Non-official languages	2,980,865	1,420,145	1,560,715	1,464,760	689,505	775,260
Aboriginal languages	985	405	585	795	325	465
Algonquian languages	825	350	475	660	285	375
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	185	85	100	135	70	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	55	30	20	30	20	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	25	0	15	25	0	20
Woods Cree	15	10	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	90	35	55	70	35	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	25	20	15	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	595	240	355	510	220	295
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	0	10
Ojibway	560	230	330	480	210	275
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	10	10	10	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	25	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	55	15	40	50	10	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	40	0	30
Oneida	10	10	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	10	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	10	10	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	10	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	10	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,979,935	1,419,770	1,560,165	1,464,025	689,205	774,820
Afro-Asiatic languages	203,300	101,890	101,410	100,735	49,935	50,795
Berber languages	235	135	100	140	80	60
Kabyle	75	40	30	35	15	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	165	95	70	105	65	45
Cushitic languages	20,380	8,885	11,490	17,255	7,505	9,750
Bilen	75	45	30	65	40	25
Oromo	1,390	590	800	1,180	495	685
Somali	18,905	8,230	10,675	16,025	6,955	9,065
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	65	25	40
Semitic languages	183,945	93,490	90,450	84,510	42,935	41,580
Amharic	11,365	5,280	6,080	9,560	4,440	5,115
Arabic	119,665	61,755	57,905	47,885	25,005	22,885
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	11,995	5,860	6,140	5,935	2,865	3,060
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,080	1,040	1,035	680	335	350
Harari	1,250	635	615	945	480	470
Hebrew	37,745	19,225	18,520	18,860	9,555	9,310
Maltese	4,165	2,035	2,130	1,860	910	950
Tigrigna	5,940	2,775	3,170	5,150	2,425	2,720
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,060	515	550	465	255	210
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	700	325	375	370	180	190
Austro-Asiatic languages	65,060	29,925	35,130	33,965	15,600	18,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,970	1,730	2,240	2,020	845	1,170
Vietnamese	61,350	28,340	33,010	32,165	14,870	17,295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	40	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	200,765	80,115	120,645	128,080	50,505	77,570
Bikol	570	255	310	385	175	210
Cebuano	7,130	2,860	4,265	4,685	1,865	2,825
Fijian	45	20	25	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	2,460	985	1,475	1,810	735	1,075
Ilocano	12,560	4,930	7,635	9,550	3,780	5,770
Malagasy	90	45	45	55	20	35
Malay	7,015	3,215	3,800	3,435	1,585	1,855
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,565	710	855	925	425	505
Pangasinan	435	190	245	320	130	190
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	188,840	74,950	113,890	121,160	47,540	73,620
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	220	60	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,255	525	730	895	360	535
Creole languages	16,380	7,360	9,020	8,845	3,795	5,050
Haitian Creole	640	285	350	455	190	260
Creole, n.o.s.	8,935	4,015	4,925	4,830	2,010	2,825
Creole languages, n.i.e.	6,960	3,115	3,845	3,675	1,625	2,050
Dravidian languages	170,055	84,545	85,505	87,340	43,525	43,810
Kannada	4,300	2,140	2,155	1,610	835	775
Malayalam	16,600	8,450	8,150	6,700	3,545	3,150
Tamil	140,900	69,315	71,585	74,745	36,610	38,135
Telugu	13,070	7,200	5,875	6,135	3,560	2,575
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	430	220	210	160	80	85
Hmong-Mien languages	25	15	10	15	10	0
Indo-European languages	1,670,260	812,610	857,650	764,770	369,530	395,235
Albanian	14,895	7,440	7,450	9,905	4,880	5,025
Armenian	14,750	7,035	7,715	9,635	4,560	5,070
Balto-Slavic languages	284,385	132,330	152,055	138,375	62,965	75,410
Baltic languages	6,090	2,475	3,610	3,910	1,540	2,370
Latvian	2,500	1,045	1,450	1,765	740	1,025
Lithuanian	3,595	1,430	2,165	2,150	800	1,345
Slavic languages	279,935	130,535	149,400	135,360	61,785	73,580
Belarusan	915	480	440	470	240	225
Bosnian	4,205	2,040	2,170	1,960	930	1,030
Bulgarian	7,750	3,770	3,980	4,860	2,340	2,525
Croatian	21,210	10,340	10,865	8,555	4,140	4,415
Czech	5,935	2,820	3,115	3,745	1,795	1,950
Macedonian	15,485	7,385	8,100	8,245	3,855	4,395
Polish	77,395	35,400	41,995	30,970	13,515	17,450
Russian	107,415	49,880	57,540	51,045	23,155	27,890
Serbian	26,595	13,150	13,440	17,025	8,365	8,660
Serbo-Croatian	2,775	1,330	1,440	1,800	850	950
Slovak	5,750	2,655	3,100	3,460	1,605	1,855
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,940	1,735	2,210	2,015	890	1,125
Ukrainian	36,660	16,375	20,285	21,020	9,150	11,875
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	600	350	250	330	205	135
Celtic languages	1,780	915	865	1,350	715	635
Scottish Gaelic	595	300	295	400	220	180
Welsh	215	95	120	145	65	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	970	520	450	820	440	375
Germanic languages	72,330	34,390	37,940	43,085	20,695	22,380
Afrikaans	3,975	1,955	2,015	1,670	850	820
Danish	1,865	840	1,025	1,090	485	605
Dutch	9,510	4,470	5,045	4,755	2,330	2,425
Frisian	145	60	90	70	35	40
German	49,225	23,465	25,760	29,985	14,340	15,635
Icelandic	120	55	65	100	50	55
Norwegian	870	415	455	480	240	240
Swedish	2,375	1,085	1,290	1,630	765	865
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	105	145	160	70	90
Yiddish	6,480	3,185	3,300	4,690	2,305	2,380
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	55	25	35
Greek	57,745	28,385	29,355	40,165	19,690	20,480
Indo-Iranian languages	735,150	371,350	363,800	254,825	130,405	124,415
Indo-Aryan languages	612,745	310,215	302,530	193,280	99,090	94,195
Bengali	47,600	24,185	23,415	35,640	18,260	17,380
Gujarati	85,245	42,705	42,540	36,185	18,655	17,530
Hindi	201,555	102,590	98,970	65,360	34,360	31,005
Kashmiri	460	230	230	85	40	40
Konkani	4,875	2,200	2,670	1,505	695	810
Marathi	8,470	4,365	4,100	3,225	1,630	1,600
Nepali	6,345	3,140	3,205	3,920	1,940	1,980
Oriya (Odia)	900	430	465	450	220	230
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235,230	120,835	114,395	33,780	17,720	16,065
Sindhi	9,210	4,295	4,915	4,190	1,955	2,235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	14,575	7,335	7,240	6,860	3,385	3,470
Urdu	180,400	91,380	89,020	57,675	29,280	28,390
Iranian languages	127,535	63,570	63,965	63,770	32,350	31,415
Kurdish	3,760	2,120	1,635	2,080	1,205	870
Pashto	10,905	5,795	5,110	6,570	3,595	2,975
Persian (Farsi)	117,090	58,090	58,995	57,755	29,110	28,650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,395	1,840	1,555	1,520	850	665
Italic (Romance) languages	525,885	248,355	277,525	290,570	136,500	154,065
Catalan	305	155	145	240	125	115
Italian	199,425	94,670	104,750	91,590	42,760	48,835
Portuguese	125,025	59,945	65,080	75,785	36,510	39,270
Romanian	27,960	12,960	15,000	14,625	6,575	8,045
Spanish	195,365	91,080	104,280	122,190	57,080	65,110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	625	305	315	440	225	215
Japanese	17,015	7,335	9,680	12,065	5,105	6,960
Kartvelian languages	1,455	740	715	1,130	575	550
Georgian	1,455	740	715	1,125	570	555
Korean	61,135	28,600	32,535	37,610	17,460	20,155
Mongolic languages	440	190	250	350	155	195
Mongolian	445	190	255	350	155	190
Niger-Congo languages	46,505	22,145	24,365	26,430	12,495	13,935
Akan (Twi)	13,440	6,225	7,215	7,005	3,220	3,785
Bamanankan	200	115	90	110	70	40
Edo	1,875	820	1,055	1,210	500	710
Ewe	505	260	240	265	155	110
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	455	235	220	290	150	145
Ga	985	475	510	470	190	280
Ganda	830	395	435	585	280	305
Igbo	2,905	1,440	1,460	1,475	765	715
Lingala	2,015	875	1,140	1,270	540	730
Rundi (Kirundi)	510	250	255	400	210	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	655	285	370	460	210	250
Shona	1,105	485	620	755	350	410
Swahili	10,070	4,960	5,110	6,210	2,995	3,210
Wolof	410	190	225	285	135	150
Yoruba	7,685	3,850	3,830	3,600	1,870	1,730
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,145	2,845	3,300	3,975	1,745	2,235
Nilo-Saharan languages	450	255	195	310	170	140
Dinka	65	50	20	55	40	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	250	130	120
Sign languages	5,265	2,275	2,990	3,090	1,375	1,715
American Sign Language	3,045	1,150	1,895	1,950	765	1,185
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,290	1,165	1,130	1,195	650	545
Sino-Tibetan languages	570,420	267,755	302,665	279,900	129,990	149,910
Chinese languages	563,390	264,295	299,095	273,765	126,960	146,800
Cantonese	300,575	139,720	160,855	141,260	64,620	76,645
Hakka	7,110	3,120	3,990	3,035	1,260	1,770
Mandarin	308,025	143,345	164,680	150,735	69,895	80,840
Min Dong	710	290	420	460	205	255
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,725	6,150	7,575	7,235	3,190	4,045
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,805	3,170	3,640	3,225	1,490	1,735
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,310	5,130	6,180	7,055	3,155	3,895
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	65	75	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,410	3,665	3,745	6,400	3,170	3,230
Burmese	1,325	605	720	885	400	485
Karenic languages	250	115	135	245	115	135
Tibetan	5,420	2,705	2,720	5,045	2,515	2,525
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	495	285	210	295	170	120
Tai-Kadai languages	4,720	2,005	2,715	2,205	875	1,330
Lao	2,635	1,250	1,385	845	380	460
Thai	2,340	880	1,465	1,455	540	915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	20	10	10
Turkic languages	24,065	12,495	11,575	15,400	8,125	7,275
Azerbaijani	2,625	1,330	1,300	1,470	760	705
Turkish	20,195	10,535	9,665	13,000	6,905	6,095
Uyghur	490	225	260	325	150	175
Uzbek	785	425	365	630	345	290
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	540	250	290	380	160	220
Uralic languages	25,660	11,605	14,055	17,070	7,680	9,390
Estonian	2,750	1,190	1,560	1,985	850	1,130
Finnish	2,450	1,025	1,425	1,435	580	855
Hungarian	20,515	9,410	11,105	13,700	6,260	7,440
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,275	1,175	1,100	1,310	675	635
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,371,020	2,606,395	2,764,635	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	4,666,240	2,271,285	2,394,950	2,296,365	1,108,000	1,188,365
Canadian citizens aged under 18	988,125	507,650	480,475	431,655	221,480	210,175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,678,115	1,763,635	1,914,475	1,864,715	886,525	978,190
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	704,790	335,105	369,680	395,300	188,270	207,025
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,371,020	2,606,390	2,764,635	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	2,647,660	1,325,780	1,321,875	1,332,090	665,435	666,655
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,588,715	1,213,600	1,375,110	1,266,005	583,970	682,030
Before 1981	570,800	264,690	306,105	294,065	133,310	160,755
1981 to 1990	354,720	169,415	185,300	171,565	81,200	90,360
1991 to 2000	615,195	286,895	328,300	281,870	127,730	154,140
2001 to 2010	701,370	328,685	372,685	330,550	152,950	177,600
2001 to 2005	364,605	171,720	192,885	162,775	75,700	87,070
2006 to 2010	336,765	156,965	179,800	167,780	77,250	90,530
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	346,635	163,920	182,715	187,950	88,780	99,170
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	134,650	67,010	67,640	93,580	46,865	46,715
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,588,710	1,213,605	1,375,110	1,266,000	583,970	682,030
Under 5 years	210,560	104,680	105,885	96,800	47,595	49,205
5 to 14 years	425,730	214,310	211,420	205,915	102,700	103,220
15 to 24 years	561,010	248,975	312,035	270,470	120,040	150,430
25 to 44 years	1,112,050	520,805	591,245	558,625	254,865	303,765
45 years and over	279,360	124,830	154,525	134,195	58,775	75,415
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,588,715	1,213,605	1,375,115	1,266,005	583,975	682,030
Americas	393,895	174,345	219,550	212,010	92,485	119,525
Brazil	10,010	4,705	5,305	7,025	3,365	3,660
Colombia	16,110	7,390	8,715	8,715	3,995	4,715
El Salvador	10,615	5,280	5,335	6,955	3,495	3,460
Guyana	67,295	29,760	37,535	34,490	14,700	19,790
Haiti	2,555	1,200	1,355	1,850	830	1,020
Jamaica	97,095	40,495	56,600	45,075	18,280	26,795
Mexico	10,595	4,710	5,885	7,225	3,335	3,890
Peru	7,685	3,415	4,270	3,870	1,725	2,145
Trinidad and Tobago	41,765	18,320	23,445	19,640	8,305	11,335
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	43,175	20,260	22,915	24,535	11,480	13,050
Other places of birth in Americas	86,995	38,800	48,195	52,630	22,970	29,660
Europe	568,320	267,530	300,790	298,270	139,045	159,225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,230	4,565	4,665	5,125	2,445	2,685
Croatia	11,040	5,225	5,810	4,675	2,200	2,475
France	6,595	3,095	3,500	4,585	2,175	2,415
Germany	19,960	9,295	10,665	11,090	5,215	5,870
Greece	26,890	13,115	13,780	19,240	9,185	10,055
Hungary	11,185	5,045	6,140	7,855	3,575	4,280
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	7,445	3,635	3,810	4,625	2,400	2,225
Italy	95,175	46,030	49,150	45,515	21,350	24,165
Netherlands	5,940	2,870	3,075	2,690	1,355	1,335
Poland	53,330	23,935	29,390	21,365	9,265	12,100
Portugal	66,340	31,825	34,515	38,575	18,490	20,090
Romania	23,965	10,890	13,075	12,875	5,690	7,185
Russian Federation	33,130	14,300	18,830	16,225	6,755	9,470
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	12,690	6,140	6,550	8,525	4,095	4,430
Ukraine	31,045	14,215	16,830	15,780	7,075	8,705
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	84,810	40,430	44,375	40,295	19,430	20,865
Other places of birth in Europe	69,555	32,920	36,630	39,230	18,350	20,880
Africa	147,790	71,030	76,760	77,445	36,520	40,925
Algeria	1,205	640	565	770	435	335
Egypt	23,285	12,065	11,215	6,625	3,490	3,135
Ethiopia	10,785	4,910	5,870	9,080	4,095	4,985
Kenya	10,980	5,025	5,955	4,880	2,195	2,690
Morocco	3,395	1,655	1,740	1,850	890	965
Nigeria	15,970	7,910	8,065	7,605	3,780	3,830
Somalia	10,780	4,310	6,470	9,025	3,605	5,415
South Africa, Republic of	12,360	5,990	6,370	5,560	2,710	2,850
Other places of birth in Africa	59,020	28,520	30,505	32,055	15,320	16,735
Asia	1,471,940	697,390	774,555	674,490	314,010	360,485
Afghanistan	24,510	12,230	12,275	12,740	6,450	6,285
Bangladesh	31,885	16,065	15,820	25,100	12,730	12,365
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	262,175	119,475	142,700	131,480	59,275	72,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	97,705	45,890	51,815	38,825	17,855	20,965
India	297,730	148,545	149,190	79,225	40,115	39,110
IranCensus data footnote 61	73,340	36,520	36,815	36,440	18,300	18,145
Iraq	27,770	13,840	13,930	11,135	5,490	5,645
Japan	5,715	1,850	3,865	3,985	1,260	2,725
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	44,745	20,860	23,890	26,830	12,330	14,505
Lebanon	12,970	6,975	6,000	6,010	3,350	2,660
Pakistan	110,255	55,690	54,565	34,750	17,535	17,215
Philippines	187,510	76,805	110,710	118,775	47,820	70,955
Sri Lanka	98,025	47,845	50,180	52,900	25,740	27,160
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,545	5,285	5,250	5,575	2,795	2,785
Taiwan	14,705	6,405	8,300	7,695	3,320	4,375
Viet Nam	57,865	26,180	31,690	30,580	13,725	16,850
Other places of birth in Asia	114,505	56,925	57,575	52,450	25,925	26,525
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	6,770	3,320	3,450	3,780	1,910	1,870
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	346,635	163,920	182,715	187,945	88,780	99,170
Americas	39,310	18,740	20,570	23,850	11,215	12,635
Brazil	2,465	1,165	1,305	1,910	930	980
Colombia	2,495	1,175	1,320	1,430	670	760
Cuba	1,150	510	635	770	345	425
Haiti	865	415	450	675	315	360
Jamaica	7,205	3,760	3,440	3,530	1,845	1,685
Mexico	2,870	1,360	1,510	2,065	995	1,070
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	7,605	3,850	3,755	4,015	2,090	1,930
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,790	825	965	1,060	480	580
Other places of birth in Americas	12,860	5,660	7,195	8,390	3,545	4,845
Europe	30,555	14,975	15,580	20,260	10,240	10,020
France	1,360	660	700	1,145	555	585
Germany	875	475	400	625	345	280
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,445	905	540	1,220	780	440
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	750	350	400	405	180	220
Romania	1,415	555	860	860	355	505
Russian Federation	3,845	1,400	2,440	2,290	830	1,460
Ukraine	3,580	1,655	1,925	1,930	905	1,025
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,585	2,160	1,425	2,120	1,375	740
Other places of birth in Europe	13,695	6,810	6,885	9,680	4,915	4,765
Africa	23,910	11,705	12,200	13,300	6,380	6,920
Algeria	195	85	105	130	50	80
Cameroon	800	350	445	555	235	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	550	240	310	330	135	195
Côte d'Ivoire	280	135	145	170	75	95
Egypt	5,540	2,885	2,655	1,350	690	660
Eritrea	1,060	525	535	970	485	485
Ethiopia	1,655	745	910	1,560	710	850
Morocco	350	140	210	215	100	110
Nigeria	4,695	2,280	2,415	2,550	1,235	1,315
Somalia	1,115	530	590	1,010	480	530
South Africa, Republic of	770	405	360	395	230	170
Tunisia	125	85	35	80	50	25
Other places of birth in Africa	6,770	3,295	3,475	3,985	1,895	2,090
Asia	251,635	117,765	133,875	129,690	60,420	69,275
Afghanistan	4,500	2,235	2,260	3,170	1,630	1,540
Bangladesh	6,780	3,360	3,420	5,790	2,875	2,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	48,955	21,765	27,185	23,200	10,230	12,965
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,740	700	1,040	640	275	360
India	57,455	28,890	28,570	20,095	10,560	9,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,565	8,985	9,575	10,935	5,320	5,610
Iraq	7,840	3,890	3,955	3,715	1,795	1,915
Israel	1,600	840	765	585	300	285
Japan	930	250	685	740	200	540
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,815	2,190	2,625	2,930	1,320	1,610
Lebanon	1,365	745	620	615	350	260
Nepal	2,415	1,235	1,180	1,575	825	750
Pakistan	20,360	9,960	10,400	6,725	3,290	3,440
Philippines	42,735	17,680	25,050	31,725	13,360	18,370
Saudi Arabia	2,020	1,030	990	865	440	425
Sri Lanka	7,095	3,095	3,995	4,355	1,825	2,525
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,365	2,790	2,570	3,260	1,735	1,525
Taiwan	755	305	450	325	105	225
Turkey	2,055	1,145	905	1,675	920	755
United Arab Emirates	3,175	1,605	1,575	940	485	455
Viet Nam	2,605	1,020	1,585	1,380	505	875
Other places of birth in Asia	8,510	4,035	4,470	4,460	2,085	2,380
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,230	740	490	850	530	315
Australia	955	600	355	665	425	235
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	270	140	135	185	105	85
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,371,020	2,606,395	2,764,630	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,753,115	1,295,920	1,457,195	1,377,465	640,060	737,410
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,541,070	777,190	763,880	740,175	371,445	368,740
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,076,835	533,280	543,555	574,025	284,770	289,250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,051,830	965,135	1,086,695	988,325	458,395	529,930
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,023,350	505,520	517,835	475,155	227,395	247,760
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	409,525	251,475	158,050	201,865	111,560	90,305
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	613,825	254,045	359,780	273,295	115,840	157,450
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	690,870	282,355	408,515	320,945	131,350	189,590
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	308,760	164,150	144,605	176,120	92,535	83,590
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	28,845	13,110	15,735	16,105	7,110	8,990
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,371,025	2,606,390	2,764,630	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	39,035	18,255	20,780	23,065	10,835	12,230
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	36,845	17,110	19,735	21,920	10,215	11,715
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	23,465	10,830	12,640	14,380	6,695	7,680
Métis	12,830	6,030	6,800	7,265	3,385	3,880
Inuk (Inuit)	550	255	300	275	130	145
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	975	465	510	500	265	240
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,215	680	540	640	360	285
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,331,990	2,588,140	2,743,850	2,668,600	1,285,435	1,383,160
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,371,025	2,606,390	2,764,635	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	12,605	5,825	6,785	7,960	3,655	4,305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,358,415	2,600,565	2,757,850	2,683,705	1,292,615	1,391,085
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,371,020	2,606,390	2,764,630	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,375	2,865	3,510	4,215	1,900	2,320
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,220	2,790	3,425	4,125	1,855	2,270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,945	2,185	2,760	3,335	1,450	1,880
Métis single ancestry	1,155	560	600	705	370	330
Inuit single ancestry	115	45	70	95	30	55
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	160	75	85	90	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	105	50	55	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	20	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	55,150	25,815	29,330	31,410	14,650	16,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	53,685	25,160	28,530	30,560	14,295	16,265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40,680	19,105	21,565	23,355	11,000	12,355
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	12,265	5,720	6,540	6,885	3,145	3,745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	750	335	415	315	155	160
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,460	655	800	850	355	495
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,250	550	705	770	310	460
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	55	70	60	35	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	50	30	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,309,500	2,577,710	2,731,790	2,656,035	1,279,725	1,376,310
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,371,025	2,606,395	2,764,635	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	2,910,660	1,400,000	1,510,655	1,385,855	656,795	729,055
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	932,145	470,380	461,760	338,965	171,485	167,485
Chinese	618,280	294,255	324,025	299,465	140,730	158,730
Black	430,280	198,790	231,490	239,850	109,870	129,985
Filipino	246,415	105,285	141,130	152,715	64,130	88,585
Latin American	126,485	60,725	65,755	77,165	37,295	39,865
Arab	100,155	51,885	48,270	36,030	18,920	17,110
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	80,335	37,780	42,560	41,650	19,375	22,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	120,685	60,285	60,400	60,320	30,515	29,805
Korean	68,155	32,470	35,685	41,640	19,665	21,970
Japanese	19,515	8,415	11,095	13,415	5,505	7,905
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	75,005	34,935	40,070	36,975	16,940	20,030
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	93,210	44,785	48,425	47,670	22,360	25,315
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,460,360	1,206,390	1,253,975	1,305,815	639,475	666,340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,371,025	2,606,390	2,764,630	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390
North American Aboriginal origins	61,525	28,680	32,840	35,630	16,545	19,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	47,150	21,970	25,175	27,610	12,840	14,770
Inuit	1,125	515	610	515	245	270
Métis	14,890	6,945	7,950	8,465	3,870	4,590
Other North American origins	659,555	326,935	332,620	345,710	170,645	175,060
Acadian	3,660	1,810	1,850	2,315	1,190	1,125
American	44,030	21,480	22,550	27,470	13,455	14,015
Canadian	623,605	309,300	314,305	323,175	159,440	163,740
New Brunswicker	80	50	30	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	2,605	1,325	1,285	1,430	695	730
Nova Scotian	595	270	330	335	150	180
Ontarian	575	340	235	375	230	150
Québécois	1,400	685	720	880	445	440
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	220	120	100	150	75	75
European origins	2,413,560	1,173,265	1,240,300	1,288,850	624,910	663,940
British Isles origins	1,074,255	524,990	549,260	597,295	292,595	304,700
Channel Islander	400	210	190	175	95	85
Cornish	175	90	85	155	75	75
English	605,385	296,180	309,205	331,895	162,525	169,370
Irish	456,650	218,130	238,520	262,965	125,330	137,635
Manx	720	425	295	435	255	180
Scottish	452,050	218,755	233,290	256,250	124,595	131,660
Welsh	47,510	22,785	24,730	28,210	13,430	14,780
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	92,185	44,145	48,040	52,905	25,635	27,265
French origins	212,840	100,750	112,095	122,870	58,265	64,605
Alsatian	320	125	200	265	100	165
Breton	55	35	20	40	30	10
Corsican	55	25	25	35	15	25
French	212,520	100,605	111,915	122,610	58,150	64,460
Western European origins (except French origins)	331,540	160,995	170,550	187,190	90,670	96,515
Austrian	26,905	13,040	13,865	16,145	7,655	8,490
Bavarian	135	50	80	85	35	45
Belgian	8,330	3,800	4,530	4,895	2,220	2,675
Dutch	78,240	37,405	40,835	41,650	19,880	21,770
Flemish	790	375	415	465	225	240
Frisian	350	205	145	235	135	95
German	229,980	112,255	117,725	130,895	63,810	67,085
Luxembourger	260	130	135	125	60	65
Swiss	12,710	6,340	6,365	7,635	3,775	3,855
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	480	225	255	340	145	195
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	59,615	28,865	30,755	36,720	17,695	19,020
Danish	12,805	6,390	6,415	7,575	3,715	3,855
Finnish	13,915	6,490	7,425	8,160	3,795	4,365
Icelandic	3,415	1,700	1,705	2,310	1,115	1,195
Norwegian	14,525	7,170	7,350	9,175	4,570	4,610
Swedish	16,290	7,525	8,770	10,400	4,780	5,620
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,115	1,485	1,630	1,950	890	1,060
Eastern European origins	547,800	260,365	287,440	302,485	141,850	160,630
Bulgarian	10,575	5,165	5,415	6,495	3,090	3,400
Byelorussian	7,840	3,830	4,015	4,085	2,035	2,045
Czech	15,200	7,335	7,870	9,505	4,555	4,945
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,075	1,935	2,135	2,320	1,040	1,275
Estonian	6,865	3,200	3,665	4,615	2,165	2,455
Hungarian	54,240	26,295	27,945	33,700	16,345	17,350
Latvian	8,960	4,185	4,775	5,710	2,640	3,070
Lithuanian	18,260	8,760	9,500	11,675	5,400	6,270
Moldovan	2,915	1,495	1,415	1,270	620	650
Polish	217,410	103,490	113,920	114,535	53,655	60,875
Romanian	47,340	22,500	24,840	26,255	12,230	14,030
Russian	133,800	62,215	71,585	74,470	34,140	40,330
Slovak	13,180	6,350	6,835	7,615	3,680	3,935
Ukrainian	130,370	62,245	68,130	72,340	34,015	38,330
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,120	3,335	3,785	5,210	2,415	2,795
Southern European origins	885,785	435,925	449,855	441,485	215,805	225,680
Albanian	17,125	8,655	8,465	11,120	5,565	5,555
Bosnian	6,150	2,995	3,150	2,960	1,425	1,540
Catalan	165	105	60	120	80	40
Croatian	32,740	16,365	16,375	13,675	6,690	6,980
Cypriot	2,355	1,195	1,160	1,465	745	725
Greek	92,410	46,340	46,070	57,425	28,600	28,820
Italian	421,900	209,670	212,230	182,500	89,805	92,685
Kosovar	480	255	225	275	145	125
Macedonian	25,245	12,585	12,660	13,320	6,590	6,735
Maltese	16,145	7,995	8,155	6,765	3,365	3,400
Montenegrin	1,420	680	740	935	405	530
Portuguese	191,040	92,890	98,150	100,415	48,720	51,695
Serbian	31,710	15,945	15,770	19,375	9,710	9,670
Sicilian	1,370	690	675	675	335	340
Slovenian	11,400	5,655	5,745	5,475	2,685	2,795
Spanish	99,960	46,885	53,080	56,815	26,600	30,215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	5,865	2,810	3,060	3,310	1,580	1,730
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	480	205	275	260	115	145
Other European origins	70,120	35,070	35,045	42,130	20,955	21,175
Basque	755	360	395	510	230	280
Jewish	57,840	29,035	28,800	34,270	17,140	17,125
Roma (Gypsy)	1,150	545	605	900	420	475
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	895	475	420	495	260	230
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	9,935	4,875	5,060	6,320	3,075	3,245
Caribbean origins	333,840	151,150	182,690	165,735	73,670	92,065
Antiguan	2,390	1,050	1,340	1,320	535	780
Bahamian	1,200	610	590	620	335	285
Barbadian	17,490	7,935	9,550	9,015	4,030	4,980
Bermudan	930	430	500	650	295	350
Carib	1,745	625	1,120	995	340	660
Cuban	8,800	4,000	4,795	5,345	2,445	2,895
Dominican	6,160	2,945	3,220	3,580	1,725	1,855
Grenadian	12,185	5,235	6,945	7,370	3,005	4,365
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,020	2,375	2,645	3,440	1,580	1,855
Jamaican	193,360	87,610	105,750	90,065	40,370	49,690
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,785	850	935	905	435	475
Martinican	150	50	100	75	35	45
Montserratan	425	195	225	240	105	140
Puerto Rican	675	355	325	450	235	210
St. Lucian	5,310	2,305	3,005	3,525	1,470	2,060
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	42,230	19,320	22,905	20,215	9,035	11,180
Vincentian/Grenadinian	9,995	4,200	5,795	6,165	2,525	3,640
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	44,630	19,830	24,800	20,315	8,760	11,555
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	12,890	5,740	7,145	7,870	3,390	4,475
Latin, Central and South American origins	202,120	95,220	106,905	113,820	53,515	60,305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	6,755	3,135	3,620	4,495	2,040	2,455
Arawak	680	305	375	470	225	250
Argentinian	7,850	3,800	4,045	4,250	2,100	2,155
Belizean	335	150	180	185	70	115
Bolivian	1,240	600	645	780	370	405
Brazilian	12,250	5,925	6,320	8,365	4,165	4,205
Chilean	9,985	4,805	5,180	5,900	2,885	3,015
Colombian	23,130	11,070	12,065	12,235	5,830	6,405
Costa Rican	1,720	890	835	1,070	580	490
Ecuadorian	17,005	8,040	8,965	9,990	4,675	5,315
Guatemalan	5,575	2,680	2,895	3,110	1,470	1,645
Guyanese	55,335	25,270	30,060	26,690	11,845	14,845
Hispanic	3,455	1,690	1,765	2,150	1,060	1,080
Honduran	1,670	755	915	1,020	455	565
Maya	1,105	545	555	785	385	395
Mexican	18,380	8,520	9,860	12,095	5,695	6,400
Nicaraguan	3,520	1,700	1,815	2,330	1,125	1,205
Panamanian	1,715	745	970	890	365	530
Paraguayan	275	120	150	165	65	100
Peruvian	10,025	4,655	5,370	4,990	2,335	2,655
Salvadorean	14,435	7,115	7,315	9,565	4,725	4,840
Uruguayan	3,040	1,570	1,475	1,300	665	630
Venezuelan	7,825	3,550	4,285	4,215	1,910	2,305
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	8,800	4,320	4,480	5,075	2,490	2,590
African origins	257,720	125,440	132,280	146,875	70,430	76,445
Central and West African origins	57,350	28,290	29,060	31,135	15,255	15,880
Akan	705	400	305	460	260	205
Angolan	1,010	480	530	840	375	470
Ashanti	1,055	535	515	555	275	285
Beninese	370	190	180	235	120	110
Burkinabe	100	40	55	45	10	35
Cameroonian	2,445	1,205	1,240	1,570	770	800
Chadian	185	95	90	130	65	65
Congolese	3,920	1,865	2,050	2,630	1,215	1,410
Edo	925	485	440	490	255	240
Ewe	160	90	70	75	40	35
Gabonese	50	10	35	40	10	30
Gambian	550	250	295	435	195	240
Ghanaian	19,995	9,485	10,510	9,965	4,640	5,325
Guinean	620	325	300	470	235	235
Ibo	1,460	760	705	665	375	295
Ivorian	615	285	330	385	175	215
Liberian	295	125	170	170	70	100
Malian	265	140	125	175	95	85
Malinké	225	105	120	160	65	95
Nigerian	18,855	9,540	9,310	9,745	4,935	4,815
Peulh	65	35	25	65	40	25
Senegalese	530	280	250	365	195	170
Sierra Leonean	815	400	410	595	305	290
Togolese	315	205	105	205	135	75
Wolof	45	20	20	45	20	20
Yoruba	2,735	1,460	1,275	1,105	645	465
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,785	1,365	1,420	1,500	750	750
North African origins	50,800	26,105	24,695	19,510	9,970	9,540
Algerian	1,650	810	840	895	410	485
Berber	665	360	305	455	250	205
Coptic	1,640	855	785	285	150	130
Dinka	15	10	0	10	0	10
Egyptian	33,855	17,375	16,475	10,490	5,310	5,180
Libyan	1,260	675	595	715	380	335
Maure	235	135	110	145	85	60
Moroccan	8,380	4,340	4,050	4,100	2,090	2,010
Sudanese	3,610	1,755	1,855	2,310	1,140	1,165
Tunisian	1,060	570	495	550	285	265
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	825	445	380	470	285	185
Southern and East African origins	78,235	37,260	40,970	56,405	26,555	29,850
Afrikaner	315	160	155	185	95	95
Amhara	490	235	255	330	165	165
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	285	160	125	175	100	75
Burundian	650	360	290	475	265	210
Djiboutian	210	100	110	160	80	85
Eritrean	7,555	3,650	3,910	6,455	3,100	3,355
Ethiopian	15,900	7,615	8,280	13,085	6,260	6,825
Harari	460	250	210	395	220	175
Kenyan	3,880	1,805	2,080	2,150	965	1,185
Malagasy	170	75	95	80	35	45
Mauritian	2,710	1,405	1,305	940	460	485
Oromo	830	370	460	640	280	365
Rwandan	1,065	475	590	790	365	425
Seychellois	150	60	95	75	30	45
Somali	25,400	11,755	13,650	20,960	9,680	11,280
South African	11,025	5,505	5,520	5,435	2,700	2,735
Tanzanian	1,820	910	910	1,145	550	590
Tigrian	415	210	200	360	185	170
Ugandan	1,935	930	1,005	1,285	625	660
Zambian	355	175	185	170	80	85
Zimbabwean	1,670	775	900	1,025	450	575
Zulu	185	100	90	140	75	65
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,190	2,250	2,940	3,275	1,380	1,900
Other African origins	75,020	35,540	39,485	41,955	19,685	22,265
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,710	4,630	6,080	6,535	2,745	3,790
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	65,110	31,290	33,825	35,855	17,135	18,720
Asian origins	2,352,765	1,139,965	1,212,805	1,079,290	515,530	563,760
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	317,140	160,115	157,025	152,055	77,495	74,555
Afghan	40,230	20,175	20,055	20,915	10,765	10,150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	22,105	11,430	10,675	9,280	4,885	4,390
Armenian	20,645	10,010	10,635	12,265	5,945	6,315
Assyrian	7,240	3,690	3,550	3,125	1,620	1,505
Azerbaijani	3,280	1,595	1,685	1,670	805	865
Georgian	2,340	1,195	1,140	1,605	815	785
Hazara	510	270	240	330	165	160
Iranian	94,955	47,625	47,335	45,540	23,005	22,540
Iraqi	27,230	13,595	13,640	10,475	5,180	5,295
Israeli	14,170	7,315	6,855	6,715	3,480	3,240
Jordanian	5,115	2,755	2,365	1,480	830	650
Kazakh	940	410	525	630	290	345
Kurd	4,290	2,295	2,000	2,565	1,415	1,155
Kuwaiti	330	205	130	155	95	60
Kyrgyz	235	80	150	130	40	90
Lebanese	27,635	14,100	13,540	13,125	6,800	6,325
Palestinian	14,465	7,765	6,695	4,095	2,285	1,810
Pashtun	1,925	1,070	855	825	460	360
Saudi Arabian	1,600	840	760	1,120	585	535
Syrian	15,545	7,565	7,990	6,655	3,210	3,450
Tajik	1,390	640	750	775	390	390
Tatar	1,750	750	1,000	860	375	485
Turk	22,165	11,210	10,955	13,345	6,850	6,500
Turkmen	400	200	200	200	90	110
Uighur	540	255	285	370	180	190
Uzbek	1,670	820	850	1,020	525	490
Yemeni	2,450	1,145	1,305	1,405	665	745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	9,695	5,005	4,690	4,215	2,180	2,035
South Asian origins	953,545	478,660	474,885	350,040	175,565	174,465
Bangladeshi	23,010	11,790	11,220	18,155	9,430	8,725
Bengali	12,255	6,260	5,995	9,455	4,875	4,580
Bhutanese	150	80	70	125	75	50
East Indian	618,685	310,525	308,160	202,675	101,705	100,965
Goan	3,840	1,770	2,075	1,280	565	710
Gujarati	4,775	2,475	2,295	1,990	1,075	915
Kashmiri	1,305	670	635	345	180	165
Nepali	5,350	2,630	2,720	3,080	1,515	1,565
Pakistani	113,270	57,500	55,770	36,135	18,365	17,775
Punjabi	45,820	23,605	22,215	6,205	3,185	3,020
Sinhalese	3,770	1,840	1,930	1,735	855	880
Sri Lankan	110,210	53,705	56,505	58,185	28,130	30,050
Tamil	38,690	19,580	19,110	20,350	10,290	10,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	47,545	24,110	23,435	18,470	9,450	9,020
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,103,325	511,400	591,925	586,515	266,790	319,725
Burmese	2,075	915	1,165	1,200	565	630
Cambodian (Khmer)	5,945	2,740	3,205	2,965	1,300	1,665
Chinese	684,395	324,960	359,435	332,830	155,720	177,105
Filipino	265,560	114,395	151,165	162,600	68,740	93,865
Hmong	50	25	25	15	0	10
Indonesian	5,845	2,710	3,130	2,950	1,370	1,585
Japanese	26,485	11,605	14,880	17,265	7,320	9,945
Karen	265	120	145	230	100	130
Korean	71,740	34,180	37,560	43,455	20,505	22,945
Laotian	3,805	1,880	1,930	1,260	580	680
Malaysian	5,335	2,510	2,825	2,875	1,340	1,535
Mongolian	1,890	855	1,035	1,090	480	610
Singaporean	1,005	455	550	560	240	320
Taiwanese	7,820	3,580	4,240	4,495	2,020	2,480
Thai	3,240	1,225	2,010	1,795	640	1,155
Tibetan	5,935	2,975	2,960	5,430	2,700	2,730
Vietnamese	71,425	33,860	37,565	36,840	17,305	19,530
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,220	1,585	1,640	1,375	700	680
Other Asian origins	9,945	4,905	5,040	4,605	2,305	2,295
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	9,945	4,905	5,040	4,605	2,305	2,295
Oceania origins	8,815	4,450	4,365	5,790	2,905	2,890
Australian	5,315	2,775	2,540	3,705	1,940	1,765
New Zealander	1,755	925	830	1,230	640	590
Pacific Islands origins	1,950	885	1,070	1,025	430	595
Fijian	1,170	490	685	465	165	300
Hawaiian	175	85	90	130	55	70
Maori	165	95	75	145	80	65
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	100	40	65	75	15	60
Samoan	95	45	45	65	35	30
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	330	155	175	220	95	125
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Owner	1,276,425	...	...	587,095	...	...
Renter	691,140	...	...	525,835	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Condominium	434,620	...	...	292,265	...	...
Not condominium	1,532,935	...	...	820,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,967,555	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
No bedrooms	24,005	...	...	22,355	...	...
1 bedroom	376,525	...	...	310,010	...	...
2 bedrooms	432,060	...	...	315,685	...	...
3 bedrooms	556,210	...	...	270,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	578,765	...	...	193,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,967,555	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	732,945	...	...	559,150	...	...
5 rooms	269,420	...	...	150,730	...	...
6 rooms	250,890	...	...	119,130	...	...
7 rooms	220,325	...	...	94,780	...	...
8 or more rooms	493,975	...	...	189,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,876,310	...	...	1,054,450	...	...
More than 1 person per room	91,250	...	...	58,480	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Suitable	1,767,780	...	...	978,105	...	...
Not suitable	199,770	...	...	134,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1960 or before	413,230	...	...	363,130	...	...
1961 to 1980	529,935	...	...	347,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	279,160	...	...	109,900	...	...
1991 to 2000	246,640	...	...	85,645	...	...
2001 to 2005	179,090	...	...	58,310	...	...
2006 to 2010	163,020	...	...	67,530	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	156,485	...	...	80,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,858,255	...	...	1,034,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	109,300	...	...	78,600	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,124,090	...	...	693,405	...	...
2 household maintainers	759,115	...	...	374,460	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	84,350	...	...	45,060	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,967,560	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
15 to 24 years	47,450	...	...	38,565	...	...
25 to 34 years	277,355	...	...	193,895	...	...
35 to 44 years	371,615	...	...	200,745	...	...
45 to 54 years	454,610	...	...	225,775	...	...
55 to 64 years	381,365	...	...	198,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	242,735	...	...	134,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	137,935	...	...	84,315	...	...
85 years and over	54,490	...	...	36,845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,964,415	...	...	1,110,735	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,292,415	...	...	704,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	671,995	...	...	406,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	553,740	...	...	328,350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,276,365	...	...	587,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	62.6	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	27.3	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,649	...	...	1,496	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,682	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	648,719	...	...	601,922	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	743,131	...	...	754,015	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	691,125	...	...	525,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.7	...	...	15.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	46.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,201	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,263	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,485,730	2,151,895	2,333,830	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	730,915	345,155	385,765	377,340	177,785	199,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,147,670	564,185	583,480	561,090	276,685	284,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,607,140	1,242,555	1,364,580	1,356,360	638,180	718,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	190,445	124,915	65,530	94,005	59,530	34,475
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	105,015	61,850	43,165	53,060	30,330	22,730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	85,425	63,060	22,360	40,945	29,200	11,745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	756,515	330,560	425,950	362,080	156,110	205,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	126,335	56,415	69,925	65,015	27,975	37,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,533,855	730,670	803,185	835,260	394,570	440,685
Bachelor's degree	1,009,045	465,915	543,125	534,610	245,840	288,770
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100,985	46,510	54,480	54,570	24,630	29,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	42,640	21,280	21,355	23,540	12,070	11,475
Master's degree	335,240	168,965	166,270	192,120	93,960	98,165
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	45,945	28,000	17,945	30,415	18,075	12,345
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,020,615	1,447,205	1,573,410	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	292,270	146,320	145,950	159,795	80,050	79,745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	647,655	324,200	323,455	317,080	162,485	154,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,080,685	976,680	1,104,005	1,077,935	502,705	575,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	129,450	84,010	45,440	63,315	39,670	23,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	71,910	41,985	29,930	36,000	20,535	15,465
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	57,540	42,030	15,510	27,315	19,140	8,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	589,090	256,645	332,445	279,675	121,840	157,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	94,740	42,000	52,740	48,700	21,085	27,620
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,267,410	594,025	673,385	686,245	320,105	366,140
Bachelor's degree	821,300	376,095	445,205	433,620	198,980	234,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	81,920	36,340	45,580	43,840	19,135	24,700
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	34,910	16,305	18,605	18,815	8,885	9,930
Master's degree	293,070	144,435	148,630	166,405	79,845	86,565
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	36,215	20,850	15,365	23,560	13,265	10,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,485,725	2,151,900	2,333,825	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,878,585	909,335	969,245	938,430	454,465	483,960
Education	130,685	26,640	104,045	67,335	14,370	52,965
13. Education	130,690	26,640	104,050	67,335	14,370	52,960
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130,390	58,720	71,675	86,360	39,575	46,790
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	16,640	12,320	4,315	10,295	7,570	2,730
50. Visual and performing arts	113,755	46,395	67,360	76,060	32,010	44,055
Humanities	179,405	63,540	115,865	101,435	38,205	63,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	21,645	4,760	16,885	12,405	2,990	9,415
23. English language and literature/letters	50,845	14,640	36,205	31,945	10,210	21,735
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	53,905	18,055	35,845	23,775	8,195	15,580
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	870	385	475	670	275	390
38. Philosophy and religious studies	11,750	6,510	5,240	8,015	4,575	3,440
39. Theology and religious vocations	9,435	5,960	3,470	5,470	3,390	2,080
54. History	24,730	12,250	12,475	15,360	7,870	7,495
55. French language and literature/letters	6,240	970	5,265	3,800	700	3,100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375,990	132,895	243,090	215,995	80,300	135,695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,275	1,010	4,265	3,805	805	3,000
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	41,765	16,265	25,495	27,660	10,905	16,755
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	51,475	4,985	46,485	26,595	2,885	23,710
22. Legal professions and studies	64,720	25,805	38,915	38,050	16,600	21,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,200	1,435	4,760	3,800	945	2,855
42. Psychology	52,075	12,435	39,640	29,555	7,530	22,020
45. Social sciences	154,480	70,955	83,525	86,530	40,630	45,900
Business, management and public administration	635,290	286,145	349,150	316,575	143,795	172,785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,300	505	800	605	260	350
44. Public administration and social service professions	38,360	8,100	30,265	22,580	5,035	17,545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	595,630	277,540	318,090	293,390	138,500	154,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	126,840	59,465	67,380	63,185	30,155	33,030
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	53,350	21,080	32,270	29,170	12,005	17,165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	31,225	13,705	17,520	13,410	5,860	7,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,340	735	1,605	1,375	425	955
40. Physical sciences	35,555	22,435	13,125	17,275	11,180	6,095
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,370	1,505	2,865	1,955	690	1,265
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	158,045	102,350	55,695	76,435	49,500	26,940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	122,045	83,770	38,275	57,245	39,505	17,745
25. Library science	5,560	935	4,630	3,700	670	3,025
27. Mathematics and statistics	27,925	15,910	12,015	14,345	8,490	5,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,520	1,745	775	1,145	825	315
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	439,230	375,990	63,235	203,235	170,735	32,500
04. Architecture and related services	28,885	18,400	10,485	18,005	11,130	6,880
14. Engineering	199,695	158,560	41,140	93,100	73,100	20,010
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	73,645	65,980	7,665	31,630	28,215	3,415
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	100	25	75	90	25	60
46. Construction trades	53,550	52,345	1,200	25,275	24,510	770
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55,235	53,715	1,525	23,105	22,355	755
48. Precision production	28,120	26,975	1,145	12,020	11,410	610
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	27,465	14,400	13,070	14,385	7,115	7,275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	16,015	8,845	7,170	7,765	4,080	3,685
03. Natural resources and conservation	11,455	5,550	5,900	6,620	3,035	3,585
Health and related fields	303,620	74,055	229,570	161,620	40,265	121,345
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	24,245	12,480	11,765	12,375	6,245	6,130
51. Health professions and related programs	267,470	55,340	212,130	142,000	30,130	111,875
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	11,905	6,230	5,675	7,235	3,890	3,345
Personal, protective and transportation services	99,875	48,260	51,615	49,580	24,085	25,500
12. Personal and culinary services	62,940	19,925	43,010	33,390	11,715	21,675
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	365	330	35	210	185	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	480	455	25	215	195	25
43. Security and protective services	22,935	15,975	6,960	9,480	6,475	3,005
49. Transportation and materials moving	13,160	11,585	1,580	6,290	5,525	765
Other	295	100	195	210	80	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	290	95	195	210	80	130
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,020,615	1,447,205	1,573,415	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	939,930	470,525	469,405	476,875	242,535	234,345
Education	95,095	18,915	76,180	48,015	10,310	37,710
13. Education	95,100	18,915	76,185	48,015	10,310	37,705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	104,620	47,155	57,465	70,625	32,800	37,825
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,780	9,495	3,285	8,240	6,095	2,150
50. Visual and performing arts	91,845	37,665	54,185	62,385	26,710	35,680
Humanities	139,350	48,065	91,290	77,355	28,940	48,420
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,015	3,465	13,545	9,450	2,160	7,295
23. English language and literature/letters	39,550	11,125	28,425	24,570	7,840	16,725
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	42,735	13,895	28,845	18,345	6,365	11,985
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	690	320	370	545	240	310
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,135	5,110	4,030	6,215	3,600	2,610
39. Theology and religious vocations	6,935	4,370	2,560	3,875	2,360	1,515
54. History	18,705	9,180	9,525	11,710	5,965	5,745
55. French language and literature/letters	4,585	600	3,980	2,645	405	2,240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	304,820	105,350	199,465	176,260	64,440	111,820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,315	850	3,470	3,110	680	2,430
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	34,495	13,470	21,020	23,490	9,350	14,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	39,405	3,515	35,890	20,460	2,080	18,380
22. Legal professions and studies	54,925	20,115	34,810	32,410	13,120	19,290
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	4,850	1,185	3,660	3,140	800	2,340
42. Psychology	40,890	9,305	31,585	23,050	5,665	17,385
45. Social sciences	125,945	56,905	69,040	70,600	32,750	37,855
Business, management and public administration	524,355	231,890	292,465	259,240	116,615	142,625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,095	405	685	525	205	325
44. Public administration and social service professions	30,890	6,455	24,440	18,355	4,125	14,235
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	492,370	225,035	267,335	240,360	112,295	128,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	96,435	43,745	52,695	48,020	22,480	25,540
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40,650	15,625	25,025	22,460	9,165	13,290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	24,030	10,235	13,800	10,350	4,475	5,880
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,920	625	1,295	1,105	360	750
40. Physical sciences	26,590	16,240	10,350	12,635	7,955	4,680
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,245	1,020	2,225	1,470	525	945
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140,470	91,425	49,045	66,520	43,640	22,875
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	111,605	76,680	34,920	51,575	35,780	15,795
25. Library science	3,950	715	3,235	2,500	490	2,005
27. Mathematics and statistics	22,690	12,525	10,165	11,420	6,635	4,785
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,235	1,505	725	1,020	730	285
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	338,415	284,970	53,445	154,975	127,820	27,160
04. Architecture and related services	23,725	14,720	9,010	14,855	8,915	5,935
14. Engineering	163,350	127,605	35,750	75,175	58,025	17,155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	54,630	48,775	5,860	23,075	20,575	2,500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	80	20	65
46. Construction trades	38,265	37,375	895	17,955	17,415	545
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	39,680	38,605	1,070	16,100	15,575	520
48. Precision production	18,670	17,870	795	7,735	7,295	445
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	21,845	11,015	10,830	11,710	5,590	6,120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	12,520	6,515	6,005	6,175	3,075	3,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	9,325	4,500	4,820	5,545	2,515	3,025
Health and related fields	239,960	58,120	181,845	127,480	31,675	95,805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	18,145	9,295	8,850	9,420	4,835	4,585
51. Health professions and related programs	212,380	44,170	168,205	112,435	24,050	88,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,440	4,655	4,785	5,620	2,790	2,825
Personal, protective and transportation services	75,070	35,955	39,115	37,550	18,325	19,230
12. Personal and culinary services	47,120	14,595	32,530	24,945	8,690	16,255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	260	225	40	155	130	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	210	15	110	95	15
43. Security and protective services	17,030	11,690	5,345	7,280	4,910	2,370
49. Transportation and materials moving	10,430	9,235	1,190	5,055	4,495	560
Other	250	75	170	175	70	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	250	75	170	180	65	115
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,485,725	2,151,895	2,333,830	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,878,585	909,340	969,245	938,430	454,470	483,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,607,145	1,242,560	1,364,585	1,356,360	638,180	718,170
Location of study inside Canada	1,736,445	819,555	916,895	929,295	434,085	495,205
Same as province or territory of residence	1,599,135	752,170	846,965	844,385	392,995	451,390
Different than province or territory of residence	137,320	67,390	69,930	84,910	41,095	43,815
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	870,690	423,000	447,690	427,060	204,095	222,970
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	78,865	43,540	35,330	45,385	24,765	20,620
Philippines	93,650	32,815	60,840	58,780	19,975	38,805
India	137,910	69,690	68,220	42,320	22,130	20,190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	54,970	30,515	24,455	28,745	15,210	13,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	77,375	36,630	40,745	35,470	16,700	18,775
France	6,540	3,550	2,985	4,875	2,630	2,245
Other	421,380	206,260	215,120	211,490	102,685	108,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,020,615	1,447,200	1,573,410	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	939,930	470,525	469,405	476,875	242,535	234,345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,080,685	976,680	1,104,005	1,077,935	502,700	575,230
Location of study inside Canada	1,382,850	646,575	736,280	739,730	344,340	395,395
Same as province or territory of residence	1,273,355	592,550	680,800	671,335	310,865	360,475
Different than province or territory of residence	109,500	54,015	55,480	68,395	33,470	34,920
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	697,835	330,110	367,725	338,205	158,370	179,835
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	62,760	33,745	29,020	35,025	18,680	16,350
Philippines	79,090	27,270	51,820	50,685	17,040	33,645
India	118,455	58,170	60,290	36,085	18,480	17,605
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	34,420	18,765	15,660	18,570	9,775	8,800
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	65,240	30,415	34,825	29,545	13,710	15,845
France	5,490	2,965	2,530	4,050	2,185	1,865
Other	332,375	158,785	173,590	164,240	78,505	85,735
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,485,725	2,151,895	2,333,830	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
In the labour force	2,954,195	1,522,940	1,431,255	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Employed	2,720,530	1,407,640	1,312,890	1,361,375	697,370	664,005
Unemployed	233,665	115,300	118,365	122,305	60,780	61,525
Not in the labour force	1,531,530	628,960	902,575	811,110	334,505	476,605
Participation rate	65.9	70.8	61.3	64.7	69.4	60.4
Employment rate	60.6	65.4	56.3	59.3	63.8	55.2
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.6	8.3	8.2	8.0	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,485,725	2,151,895	2,333,830	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,487,830	612,205	875,630	791,795	328,280	463,510
Worked	2,997,895	1,539,690	1,458,200	1,502,995	764,380	738,620
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,532,845	848,305	684,545	750,555	409,195	341,360
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,465,045	691,385	773,660	752,440	355,180	397,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.1	41.8	42.3	42.9	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	2,954,195	1,522,940	1,431,255	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	85,760	39,655	46,105	46,135	21,730	24,405
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	2,868,435	1,483,280	1,385,155	1,437,540	736,420	701,125
Employee	2,505,850	1,246,505	1,259,345	1,254,610	621,175	633,435
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	362,585	236,780	125,805	182,935	115,245	67,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	2,954,195	1,522,940	1,431,255	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	85,760	39,655	46,105	46,135	21,730	24,405
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	2,868,435	1,483,285	1,385,155	1,437,545	736,420	701,125
0 Management occupations	337,265	203,770	133,495	163,965	95,500	68,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	530,385	190,720	339,665	258,870	98,770	160,105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	251,395	191,580	59,810	117,635	88,840	28,795
3 Health occupations	160,610	39,320	121,285	84,360	22,005	62,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	327,425	100,020	227,405	186,800	60,360	126,435
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	119,645	59,275	60,370	80,195	40,685	39,510
6 Sales and service occupations	676,065	313,535	362,530	345,145	163,920	181,220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	309,545	287,595	21,945	131,115	122,835	8,275
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	17,960	14,720	3,235	7,555	6,245	1,315
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	138,155	82,740	55,415	61,900	37,255	24,645
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	2,954,195	1,522,940	1,431,255	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	85,760	39,655	46,100	46,135	21,730	24,405
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	2,868,435	1,483,285	1,385,150	1,437,545	736,420	701,120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,115	2,965	2,150	2,095	1,310	785
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,950	2,680	1,270	2,040	1,350	695
22 Utilities	13,965	9,465	4,500	5,915	3,855	2,060
23 Construction	163,810	142,960	20,845	76,475	68,335	8,145
31-33 Manufacturing	256,170	167,975	88,200	105,285	68,740	36,545
41 Wholesale trade	128,255	79,360	48,890	50,115	31,395	18,725
44-45 Retail trade	307,460	146,985	160,480	141,540	66,885	74,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	153,930	113,255	40,675	57,910	43,835	14,080
51 Information and cultural industries	100,825	58,430	42,395	61,350	35,260	26,090
52 Finance and insurance	233,060	112,580	120,480	120,005	60,085	59,920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	76,725	41,670	35,055	39,935	22,060	17,880
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	317,960	179,905	138,055	175,685	98,535	77,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	7,965	3,375	4,595	4,080	1,760	2,330
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	148,930	81,450	67,475	78,890	42,910	35,980
61 Educational services	208,170	65,400	142,770	110,280	38,130	72,150
62 Health care and social assistance	265,290	54,875	210,415	143,250	32,220	111,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	57,575	30,415	27,165	34,995	18,395	16,600
72 Accommodation and food services	189,685	87,920	101,765	106,905	51,155	55,755
81 Other services (except public administration)	123,585	50,940	72,645	67,390	25,510	41,880
91 Public administration	106,010	50,680	55,330	53,390	24,710	28,675
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,720,530	1,407,640	1,312,890	1,361,375	697,370	664,010
Worked at home	196,035	100,435	95,595	101,275	52,165	49,110
Worked outside Canada	18,685	12,660	6,020	9,045	5,800	3,245
No fixed workplace address	311,760	220,515	91,245	156,250	108,040	48,205
Worked at usual place	2,194,055	1,074,025	1,120,030	1,094,805	531,360	563,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,194,050	1,074,025	1,120,025	1,094,805	531,360	563,445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,297,375	591,205	706,165	884,040	405,530	478,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	196,715	97,810	98,905	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	694,925	381,990	312,935	208,160	124,310	83,855
Commute to a different province or territory	5,045	3,020	2,020	2,605	1,520	1,080
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,505,815	1,294,540	1,211,270	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,509,390	870,970	638,420	575,255	348,270	226,985
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	139,630	49,845	89,785	57,170	21,240	35,925
Public transit	656,330	276,110	380,220	463,000	192,300	270,705
Walked	136,810	61,315	75,500	107,665	49,540	58,125
Bicycle	38,460	24,280	14,175	34,355	21,245	13,110
Other method	25,195	12,020	13,170	13,610	6,805	6,805
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,505,810	1,294,545	1,211,270	1,251,055	639,405	611,655
Less than 15 minutes	341,440	156,775	184,665	152,750	74,720	78,035
15 to 29 minutes	732,785	374,395	358,390	354,565	183,060	171,510
30 to 44 minutes	668,925	362,510	306,415	359,230	189,620	169,615
45 to 59 minutes	335,205	176,620	158,595	181,675	90,685	90,990
60 minutes and over	427,450	224,240	203,210	202,830	101,320	101,510
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,505,810	1,294,545	1,211,270	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	134,680	94,940	39,735	56,235	38,495	17,745
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	369,285	220,720	148,565	162,440	96,815	65,625
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	635,210	308,240	326,975	305,355	146,795	158,560
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	604,620	281,310	323,310	335,840	156,755	179,085
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	379,095	181,970	197,125	200,780	97,300	103,480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	382,920	207,360	175,555	190,410	103,240	87,170
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,108,065	1,593,200	1,514,860	1,559,535	792,295	767,245
Single responses	3,030,280	1,555,755	1,474,515	1,522,985	774,885	748,095
Official languages	2,939,720	1,507,770	1,431,945	1,476,170	749,750	726,420
English	2,928,795	1,504,810	1,423,990	1,469,915	747,820	722,085
French	10,920	2,965	7,955	6,255	1,925	4,335
Non-official languages	90,555	47,985	42,570	46,810	25,140	21,675
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	90,550	47,985	42,570	46,805	25,130	21,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,790	1,015	770	1,025	625	405
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	55	90	45	50
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	0	15	10	10
Somali	85	35	50	75	30	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,680	970	710	930	580	350
Amharic	55	20	35	55	20	35
Arabic	1,115	725	385	565	380	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	100	75	30	85	75	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	335	100	240	160	65	100
Maltese	20	15	10	20	15	10
Tigrigna	45	25	15	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,770	735	1,030	1,055	460	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	25	20	40	25	10
Vietnamese	1,720	715	1,010	1,020	435	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,055	395	660	635	235	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	0	15	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	20	15	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	20	20	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	935	345	590	580	215	365
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	10
Creole languages	25	25	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	1,805	870	935	1,090	550	535
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	25	25	10	15
Tamil	1,735	840	890	1,060	540	520
Telugu	25	0	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	26,205	14,420	11,790	13,005	7,330	5,675
Albanian	210	125	90	145	75	70
Armenian	130	70	65	115	55	60
Balto-Slavic languages	5,180	2,515	2,665	2,385	1,185	1,200
Baltic languages	55	20	35	25	0	25
Latvian	0	10	10	10	10	0
Lithuanian	45	20	30	20	0	20
Slavic languages	5,130	2,500	2,635	2,360	1,180	1,175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	30	10	10	10	0
Bulgarian	110	75	40	80	45	30
Croatian	80	60	25	45	25	15
Czech	15	10	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	80	30	40	30	20	10
Polish	1,440	770	670	500	270	230
Russian	2,445	1,070	1,375	1,110	520	590
Serbian	165	105	55	100	65	40
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	15	10	10
Slovak	50	30	15	50	30	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	680	290	390	400	175	225
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	355	140	220	245	95	145
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	10	0	10
Dutch	60	40	20	35	30	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	220	65	150	150	45	110
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Swedish	20	10	15	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	15	10	15	15	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	185	150	275	150	125
Indo-Iranian languages	10,565	5,875	4,690	2,775	1,645	1,130
Indo-Aryan languages	8,150	4,360	3,790	1,375	730	645
Bengali	295	145	155	255	125	130
Gujarati	585	200	385	185	55	125
Hindi	710	340	370	180	110	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	55	20	35	30	10	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,490	3,150	2,340	410	235	180
Sindhi	20	10	10	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	15	0	10
Urdu	935	465	470	305	185	115
Iranian languages	2,415	1,515	895	1,400	915	490
Kurdish	85	70	10	55	55	0
Pashto	15	10	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	2,320	1,440	880	1,335	860	475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,410	5,505	3,910	7,065	4,125	2,940
Catalan	10	10	0	10	10	0
Italian	720	390	335	435	230	205
Portuguese	4,910	3,240	1,670	4,040	2,615	1,425
Romanian	220	95	125	90	40	50
Spanish	3,545	1,775	1,775	2,490	1,240	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Japanese	765	250	520	600	190	415
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Korean	4,205	2,125	2,080	2,700	1,390	1,310
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	20	0	15	20	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	25	15	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	295	120	180	170	80	90
American Sign Language	195	50	140	110	35	80
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	105	65	40	55	45	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	51,785	27,560	24,220	25,775	13,850	11,930
Chinese languages	51,735	27,535	24,205	25,730	13,825	11,910
Cantonese	24,825	12,930	11,890	11,875	6,245	5,630
Hakka	35	10	30	10	10	10
Mandarin	25,715	14,005	11,710	13,215	7,275	5,940
Min Dong	30	20	10	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	100	60	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	20	0	10	15	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	890	405	480	515	235	285
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	25	45	25	20
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	45	30	15	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	65	30	35
Lao	10	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	60	30	35	55	30	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	405	275	130	350	230	115
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	15	10	0
Turkish	385	260	125	335	225	115
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	290	130	160	255	115	140
Estonian	50	10	35	40	15	30
Finnish	35	10	30	30	10	25
Hungarian	205	115	95	175	90	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	77,785	37,445	40,340	36,555	17,405	19,145
English and French	15,535	6,000	9,535	8,125	3,340	4,785
English and non-official language	61,045	30,905	30,145	27,800	13,775	14,025
French and non-official language	75	45	35	35	10	25
English, French and non-official language	1,130	495	635	585	280	305
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,108,060	1,593,200	1,514,865	1,559,535	792,290	767,245
None	2,853,615	1,465,535	1,388,080	1,428,870	727,740	701,130
English	42,865	20,790	22,075	22,480	10,980	11,495
French	44,295	19,000	25,295	27,835	12,340	15,500
Non-official language	162,965	85,830	77,140	77,850	40,035	37,820
Aboriginal	125	30	90	105	25	80
Non-Aboriginal	162,840	85,790	77,050	77,740	40,010	37,730
English and French	85	40	45	55	35	20
English and non-official language	1,165	560	600	445	225	220
French and non-official language	3,050	1,430	1,620	1,975	925	1,055
English, French and non-official language	20	20	0	20	20	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,316,405	2,578,540	2,737,865	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820
Non-movers	4,638,795	2,245,210	2,393,580	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,080
Movers	677,605	333,320	344,285	379,495	186,750	192,740
Non-migrants	411,950	201,845	210,100	253,780	124,200	129,575
Migrants	265,660	131,475	134,185	125,715	62,550	63,165
Internal migrants	163,550	80,665	82,885	65,770	32,410	33,360
Intraprovincial migrants	138,890	68,355	70,540	49,990	24,580	25,415
Interprovincial migrants	24,655	12,315	12,340	15,780	7,835	7,945
External migrants	102,110	50,810	51,300	59,945	30,140	29,805
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,092,400	2,463,705	2,628,690	2,556,120	1,226,450	1,329,670
Non-movers	3,128,180	1,505,965	1,622,210	1,516,110	718,940	797,170
Movers	1,964,220	957,740	1,006,480	1,040,015	507,515	532,500
Non-migrants	1,108,880	539,010	569,865	639,060	310,245	328,815
Migrants	855,345	418,730	436,615	400,950	197,265	203,685
Internal migrants	475,275	232,345	242,925	184,120	89,710	94,410
Intraprovincial migrants	411,920	201,625	210,295	141,135	68,970	72,160
Interprovincial migrants	63,350	30,720	32,630	42,985	20,740	22,250
External migrants	380,070	186,385	193,685	216,835	107,555	109,275