Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Williams Lake British Columbia [Population centre]			Angus - Borden CFB-BFC Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,508	...	...	12,640	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,902 ^r	...	...	10,132^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.6	...	...	24.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,927	...	...	4,447	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,423	...	...	4,272	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	494.2	...	...	880.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.26	...	...	14.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,515	5,250	5,260	12,640	6,685	5,960
0 to 14 years	1,765	935	835	2,560	1,280	1,275
0 to 4 years	575	320	260	985	490	500
5 to 9 years	595	305	290	845	430	415
10 to 14 years	590	310	285	725	365	365
15 to 64 years	6,765	3,400	3,365	9,065	4,930	4,135
15 to 19 years	600	315	285	835	465	370
20 to 24 years	680	355	325	1,125	750	370
25 to 29 years	705	355	350	1,130	625	505
30 to 34 years	730	370	355	1,170	605	565
35 to 39 years	620	310	310	995	540	455
40 to 44 years	600	285	320	845	425	425
45 to 49 years	670	340	335	805	425	385
50 to 54 years	655	310	345	930	480	450
55 to 59 years	775	405	370	715	360	350
60 to 64 years	720	355	365	515	260	255
65 years and over	1,980	910	1,065	1,015	470	550
65 to 69 years	640	330	310	425	210	215
70 to 74 years	430	230	200	255	115	140
75 to 79 years	300	120	175	140	60	75
80 to 84 years	275	95	180	100	40	65
85 years and over	340	135	205	95	40	50
85 to 89 years	150	85	60	75	35	40
90 to 94 years	180	45	135	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	0	0	5
100 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.8	15.9	20.3	19.1	21.4
15 to 64 years	64.3	64.8	64.0	71.7	73.7	69.4
65 years and over	18.8	17.3	20.2	8.0	7.0	9.2
85 years and over	3.2	2.6	3.9	0.8	0.6	0.8
Average age of the population	41.6	40.4	42.8	34.4	33.7	35.1
Median age of the population	41.1	39.6	42.7	32.9	31.9	34.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,425	...	...	4,270	...	...
Single-detached house	2,180	...	...	2,770	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	60	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,755	...	...	1,325	...	...
Semi-detached house	240	...	...	600	...	...
Row house	320	...	...	420	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	475	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	705	...	...	190	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	490	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,425	...	...	4,270	...	...
1 person	1,395	...	...	825	...	...
2 persons	1,590	...	...	1,350	...	...
3 persons	640	...	...	820	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...	845	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...	440	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,085	...	...	11,725	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,745	4,315	4,430	10,080	5,400	4,680
Married or living common law	4,755	2,415	2,345	5,920	2,970	2,950
Married	3,525	1,800	1,725	4,400	2,220	2,185
Living common law	1,230	615	620	1,515	750	765
Not married and not living common law	3,990	1,905	2,085	4,165	2,430	1,735
Never married	2,450	1,365	1,080	2,955	1,950	1,005
Separated	345	155	185	345	170	175
Divorced	595	285	315	520	225	295
Widowed	600	100	505	350	90	255
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,860	...	...	3,450	...	...
2 persons	1,635	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	850	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...	815	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	300	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,865	...	...	3,450	...	...
Total couple families	2,265	...	...	2,885	...	...
Married couples	1,650	...	...	2,130	...	...
Common-law couples	615	...	...	755	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	595	...	...	570	...	...
Female parent	465	...	...	425	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	2,885	...	...
Couples without children	1,280	...	...	1,150	...	...
Couples with children	985	...	...	1,730	...	...
1 child	405	...	...	675	...	...
2 children	405	...	...	770	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	565	...	...
1 child	360	...	...	335	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,230	1,185	1,045	1,355	760	590
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,425	...	...	4,270	...	...
One-census-family households	2,715	...	...	3,220	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,230	...	...	1,060	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,485	...	...	2,165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	75	...	...	115	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,635	...	...	935	...	...
One-person households	1,395	...	...	820	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,130	5,080	5,050	12,640	6,680	5,955
English only	9,640	4,875	4,760	10,630	5,540	5,095
French only	30	5	25	180	90	90
English and French	400	180	220	1,805	1,035	765
Neither English nor French	55	20	40	30	20	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,130	5,085	5,045	12,640	6,680	5,960
English	9,925	4,995	4,930	11,350	5,950	5,400
French	140	65	75	1,215	695	525
English and French	10	5	5	50	20	25
Neither English nor French	55	20	35	25	15	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	145	65	80	1,245	705	535
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.6	9.8	10.6	9.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,130	5,080	5,050	12,640	6,680	5,960
Single responses	9,975	5,005	4,970	12,470	6,595	5,870
Official languages	9,050	4,575	4,475	11,810	6,275	5,540
English	8,885	4,505	4,380	10,560	5,555	5,010
French	160	75	90	1,250	720	530
Non-official languages	925	425	495	660	320	335
Aboriginal languages	130	45	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	90	30	60	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	795	380	410	655	325	335
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	10	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	40	25	5	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	305	305	530	260	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	40	25	125	55	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	25	125	55	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Croatian	15	5	5	5	5	5
Czech	5	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	5	5	0	75	35	40
Russian	10	5	5	10	10	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	95	105	115	50	65
Afrikaans	15	10	5	5	0	0
Danish	10	5	0	0	0	5
Dutch	25	15	10	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	55	80	75	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	270	140	135	35	20	20
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	10	5	5	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	250	120	125	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	5	0	0	10	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	235	120	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	55	35	25
Portuguese	20	10	10	65	35	30
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Spanish	45	15	25	100	55	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	25	15	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	35	30	15	15
Chinese languages	55	20	30	30	10	15
Cantonese	30	10	15	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	15	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	15	5	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	75	80	175	85	90
English and French	20	10	10	80	45	35
English and non-official language	130	65	70	85	35	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,130	5,080	5,050	12,640	6,680	5,960
Single responses	9,920	4,985	4,940	12,400	6,565	5,835
Official languages	9,555	4,805	4,750	12,175	6,450	5,725
English	9,515	4,795	4,720	11,300	5,955	5,345
French	45	10	35	875	495	380
Non-official languages	370	180	185	225	115	110
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	345	175	175	225	115	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	10	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	265	130	135	175	85	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	35	20	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	35	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	30	15	15
Russian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	15	10	10
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	15	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	205	95	105	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	105	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	95	105	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	95	50	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	5	0	5	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	20	5	10
Chinese languages	25	10	15	20	5	10
Cantonese	15	5	5	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	205	95	110	240	120	125
English and French	15	10	5	95	55	40
English and non-official language	195	85	105	145	65	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,125	5,085	5,045	12,640	6,680	5,960
None	9,575	4,820	4,750	11,535	6,105	5,430
English	130	60	70	450	235	210
French	60	30	30	405	220	180
Non-official language	360	170	195	250	115	135
Aboriginal	115	50	65	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	245	120	130	245	115	130
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,315	4,130	4,185	9,205	4,635	4,570
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,070	4,020	4,055	8,780	4,430	4,355
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,402	46,482	25,762	39,788	53,528	28,570
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,080	4,025	4,060	8,785	4,430	4,355
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,246	40,390	24,320	35,429	45,744	26,419
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,125	3,655	3,470	7,980	4,180	3,805
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	46,700	22,800	39,215	53,851	26,923
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,725	2,510	3,215	5,720	2,430	3,290
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,155	7,542	6,919	4,180	1,641	5,433
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,120	3,205	2,915	7,205	3,850	3,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,236	49,865	23,808	40,847	54,642	29,248
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,730	4,610
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,040	4,010	4,030	8,880	4,485	4,400
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,195	53,466	30,981	43,392	52,702	33,908
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,040	4,010	4,030	8,885	4,480	4,400
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,093	44,517	27,721	37,017	44,158	29,744
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,155	3,695	3,465	8,075	4,225	3,850
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,635	52,214	28,284	42,855	52,488	32,266
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,675	2,430	3,250	5,830	2,525	3,305
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,534	8,873	8,282	6,741	5,636	7,586
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,125	3,260	2,865	7,320	3,905	3,410
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,938	53,413	28,885	43,537	52,483	33,302
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,730	4,610
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,680	1,605	1,070	4,215	2,580	1,635
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,096	64,626	40,173	54,425	60,514	41,481
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,366	67,880	44,125	54,802	59,987	46,620
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.5	79.0	89.5	93.7	83.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.0	79.8	66.9	82.1	86.1	75.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.4	10.5	20.9	10.4	6.3	17.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,315	4,130	4,185	9,205	4,635	4,570
Without total income	240	110	135	420	205	220
With total income	8,070	4,020	4,050	8,780	4,430	4,350
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.3	96.8	95.4	95.6	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,095	415	675	1,070	375	695
$10,000 to $19,999	1,395	510	885	1,265	410	855
$20,000 to $29,999	1,225	470	755	1,095	380	715
$30,000 to $39,999	975	390	585	985	425	560
$40,000 to $49,999	720	320	405	1,010	470	540
$50,000 to $59,999	590	335	250	845	500	345
$60,000 to $69,999	570	400	170	910	635	275
$70,000 to $79,999	425	300	120	620	485	135
$80,000 to $89,999	330	240	90	375	275	105
$90,000 to $99,999	235	195	40	230	165	70
$100,000 and over	515	440	80	370	315	60
$100,000 to $149,999	435	380	65	325	275	55
$150,000 and over	80	65	15	50	40	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,315	4,135	4,185	9,205	4,635	4,570
Without after-tax income	240	110	130	425	205	215
With after-tax income	8,080	4,025	4,055	8,780	4,430	4,355
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.3	96.9	95.4	95.6	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,130	440	690	1,090	375	710
$10,000 to $19,999	1,475	565	910	1,355	435	915
$20,000 to $29,999	1,410	535	870	1,295	470	820
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	460	645	1,300	595	710
$40,000 to $49,999	810	415	395	1,135	630	505
$50,000 to $59,999	750	525	230	1,195	835	360
$60,000 to $69,999	530	375	150	690	520	175
$70,000 to $79,999	375	295	80	365	270	95
$80,000 and over	500	415	85	355	290	65
$80,000 to $89,999	225	185	40	185	150	35
$90,000 to $99,999	125	105	20	85	70	20
$100,000 and over	150	125	25	85	75	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,315	4,135	4,185	9,205	4,635	4,570
Without employment income	2,195	925	1,270	2,005	785	1,220
With employment income	6,120	3,205	2,915	7,205	3,850	3,350
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.5	69.7	78.3	83.1	73.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	905	375	530	680	265	415
$5,000 to $9,999	470	185	285	450	175	280
$10,000 to $19,999	740	275	465	855	285	575
$20,000 to $29,999	675	260	410	700	265	430
$30,000 to $39,999	665	275	385	840	370	465
$40,000 to $49,999	505	225	275	795	405	390
$50,000 to $59,999	440	255	180	745	460	285
$60,000 to $69,999	450	325	130	785	570	215
$70,000 to $79,999	350	255	95	550	440	115
$80,000 and over	925	770	150	800	625	175
$80,000 to $89,999	290	220	65	305	230	80
$90,000 to $99,999	210	170	35	200	150	50
$100,000 and over	425	375	50	290	250	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,420	...	...	4,275	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,440	...	...	82,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,458	...	...	71,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,400	...	...	825	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	49,682	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,112	...	...	42,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,025	...	...	3,450	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,173	...	...	92,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,945	...	...	79,422	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,414	...	...	89,230	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,400	...	...	76,122	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,450	...	...	825	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,097	...	...	51,110	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,388	...	...	43,194	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,990	...	...	3,495	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,067	...	...	98,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,973	...	...	83,907	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,420	...	...	4,270	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	85	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	205	...	...	120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...	325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	420	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...	425	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,240	...	...	1,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	270	...	...	370	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,425	...	...	4,270	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...	150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	435	...	...	520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...	495	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	390	...	...	500	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	330	...	...
$100,000 and over	785	...	...	1,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...	580	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	205	...	...	295	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	155	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,860	...	...	3,370	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,227	...	...	91,034	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,595	...	...	78,659	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,768	...	...	84,907	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,939	...	...	73,193	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,000	...	...	1,755	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,216	...	...	104,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,185	...	...	90,197	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	565	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,232	...	...	62,549	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,520	...	...	56,013	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,825	...	...	3,390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,317	...	...	97,442	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,456	...	...	83,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	1,035	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,740	...	...	88,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,504	...	...	75,278	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...	1,810	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,461	...	...	112,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,257	...	...	95,346	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,779	...	...	62,891	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,830	...	...	55,248	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,955	1,065	890	1,125	655	475
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,365	40,704	28,160	44,117	54,400	32,704
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,251	35,669	25,984	38,810	45,952	30,144
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,985	1,055	925	1,180	685	490
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,883	52,508	34,035	46,679	51,019	40,606
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,540	43,755	30,443	39,664	42,769	35,319
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,080	5,065	5,015	11,725	5,895	5,835
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,435	2,580	2,855	5,585	2,655	2,930
In the bottom decile	1,180	545	640	590	290	300
In the second decile	1,160	535	630	690	295	390
In the third decile	1,040	480	560	1,135	520	615
In the fourth decile	1,020	495	525	1,610	780	830
In the fifth decile	1,035	530	500	1,570	770	800
In the top half of the distribution	4,645	2,485	2,165	6,140	3,240	2,900
In the sixth decile	995	500	495	1,560	805	755
In the seventh decile	1,130	605	525	1,495	790	710
In the eighth decile	1,010	545	470	1,495	805	695
In the ninth decile	950	525	425	1,125	595	530
In the top decile	565	310	255	460	250	210
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,085	5,065	5,015	11,725	5,895	5,830
0 to 17 years	2,110	1,115	995	2,975	1,505	1,475
0 to 5 years	705	390	315	1,160	590	575
18 to 64 years	6,340	3,180	3,160	7,735	3,925	3,810
65 years and over	1,635	775	860	1,015	465	545
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,650	735	910	875	405	470
0 to 17 years	475	240	235	270	145	130
0 to 5 years	185	105	80	105	55	45
18 to 64 years	935	405	530	465	210	260
65 years and over	240	90	150	140	50	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	14.5	18.1	7.5	6.9	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	21.5	23.6	9.1	9.6	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	26.2	26.9	25.4	9.1	9.3	7.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	12.7	16.8	6.0	5.4	6.8
65 years and over (%)	14.7	11.6	17.4	13.8	10.8	15.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	735	330	400	340	170	165
0 to 17 years	195	95	105	95	50	50
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	515	230	285	230	110	115
65 years and over	20	10	15	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	6.5	8.0	2.9	2.9	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	8.5	10.6	3.2	3.3	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	9.0	9.5	2.6	2.5	2.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.2	9.0	3.0	2.8	3.0
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.1	0.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,100	5,065	5,035	11,825	5,970	5,855
Official languages	10,060	5,065	4,995	11,805	5,965	5,845
English	10,060	5,065	4,995	11,630	5,900	5,735
French	305	140	170	1,865	965	895
Non-official languages	1,225	555	670	970	460	510
Aboriginal languages	265	120	145	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	220	80	135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	215	80	135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	205	75	130	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	45	30	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	45	30	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	960	435	525	970	455	510
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	40	15	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Amharic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	10	25	10	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	55	30	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	20	50	35	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	735	365	370	795	375	415
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	65	30	140	60	85
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	60	30	140	60	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Polish	25	20	10	50	25	25
Russian	20	10	10	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	20	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	85	135	175	85	95
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	10	10	10
Dutch	50	20	30	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	150	60	95	125	60	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	10	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	145	130	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	275	145	130	45	25	20
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	55	35	20	30	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	125	120	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	20	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	75	435	200	235
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	20	100	45	55
Portuguese	40	15	20	95	55	45
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	75	30	40	215	95	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	25	55	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swahili	0	0	10	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	40	20	20
Chinese languages	15	10	10	40	25	15
Cantonese	15	10	10	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	20	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	20	15	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,100	5,070	5,030	11,820	5,970	5,850
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,750	4,945	4,805	11,600	5,880	5,725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,110	1,105	1,005	2,995	1,520	1,470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,635	3,840	3,795	8,605	4,355	4,250
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	350	120	230	225	95	130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,100	5,065	5,030	11,820	5,970	5,855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,125	4,635	4,490	10,790	5,540	5,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	895	400	490	980	400	575
Before 1981	450	245	205	425	195	230
1981 to 1990	95	20	80	145	55	90
1991 to 2000	90	35	55	160	70	90
2001 to 2010	80	30	40	160	60	105
2001 to 2005	50	20	30	130	50	75
2006 to 2010	30	15	15	35	0	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	175	60	115	90	25	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	75	35	45	55	25	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	895	395	495	980	400	580
Under 5 years	85	50	35	155	60	100
5 to 14 years	195	100	95	230	110	125
15 to 24 years	290	110	175	250	105	150
25 to 44 years	260	110	150	295	125	170
45 years and over	70	30	40	40	0	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	890	395	495	980	400	575
Americas	150	65	85	235	105	130
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	25
El Salvador	10	0	0	30	10	20
Guyana	0	10	0	20	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	55	75	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	75	40	40
Europe	365	180	180	515	205	310
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	20	0	25
Croatia	15	15	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	65	35	35	85	35	50
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	10	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	10	0
Italy	10	10	0	30	15	15
Netherlands	35	15	20	30	15	15
Poland	15	10	10	25	15	10
Portugal	30	10	15	45	20	25
Romania	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	60	55	175	60	115
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	20	50	20	25
Africa	15	0	10	80	35	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	20	25
Asia	350	145	205	130	45	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	185	75	105	20	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	10	25	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	25	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	25	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	0	15	25	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	60	115	85	20	60
Americas	0	0	10	40	10	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	10	15
Europe	35	20	20	40	10	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	0	0	10
Africa	0	0	10	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	130	40	85	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,100	5,065	5,030	11,825	5,965	5,850
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,010	460	550	1,085	455	635
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,545	740	805	1,640	845	790
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,545	3,870	3,670	9,095	4,665	4,425
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	460	160	300	580	215	365
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	270	105	155	225	90	135
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	100	40	60	80	40	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	170	65	105	150	50	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	180	45	140	240	85	150
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	100	35	65
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,100	5,070	5,035	11,820	5,970	5,850
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,065	975	1,095	540	250	295
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,050	970	1,085	535	240	290
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,620	755	870	265	105	160
Métis	430	215	210	265	135	130
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	8,030	4,095	3,935	11,280	5,720	5,560
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,100	5,070	5,030	11,820	5,970	5,855
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,380	610	765	165	60	100
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,720	4,455	4,260	11,660	5,910	5,755
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,100	5,070	5,030	11,820	5,970	5,850
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	810	375	435	130	55	80
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	805	375	430	135	60	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	750	355	390	115	50	65
Métis single ancestry	55	20	35	20	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,380	680	700	780	420	355
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,295	655	640	770	420	355
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	510	480	485	255	230
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	150	160	285	165	125
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	85	20	65	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	25	65	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	7,905	4,015	3,895	10,910	5,485	5,425
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,100	5,065	5,035	11,820	5,965	5,850
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	660	285	375	715	345	365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	330	185	150	120	75	40
Chinese	25	10	10	55	30	30
Black	50	10	35	175	85	90
Filipino	80	20	55	50	15	35
Latin American	15	0	20	165	75	95
Arab	0	0	0	25	10	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	20	40	25	10	10
Japanese	25	10	15	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	0	15	25	10	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	50	20	30	55	30	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,440	4,785	4,655	11,110	5,620	5,485
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,100	5,070	5,030	11,820	5,970	5,850
North American Aboriginal origins	2,190	1,055	1,140	915	480	435
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,825	885	945	610	310	300
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	455	190	265	310	175	130
Other North American origins	3,025	1,565	1,455	5,560	2,825	2,735
Acadian	0	0	0	80	35	40
American	175	80	95	110	45	65
Canadian	2,925	1,520	1,410	5,405	2,755	2,650
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,150	3,615	3,535	8,200	4,165	4,040
British Isles origins	4,900	2,510	2,390	5,975	2,970	3,005
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,910	1,455	1,450	3,470	1,705	1,760
Irish	1,805	950	850	2,545	1,220	1,325
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,360	1,125	1,235	2,640	1,330	1,310
Welsh	280	155	130	170	90	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	95	80	335	155	175
French origins	1,365	605	760	1,970	1,000	970
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,365	605	760	1,970	1,000	970
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,305	1,155	1,150	1,695	905	790
Austrian	80	35	45	55	30	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	60	20	40	75	35	40
Dutch	495	260	235	535	310	225
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,740	885	850	1,100	570	530
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	50	25	30	30	20	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	930	475	450	250	125	125
Danish	80	55	25	35	20	20
Finnish	100	55	50	90	60	30
Icelandic	70	30	40	10	0	0
Norwegian	405	200	205	45	25	20
Swedish	345	175	175	55	15	40
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	20	15	15	0	10
Eastern European origins	1,445	680	770	880	465	415
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	25	25	15	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Estonian	15	10	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	130	50	80	145	70	75
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	370	170	200	340	190	150
Romanian	140	65	70	35	15	25
Russian	280	115	160	90	40	55
Slovak	10	0	10	25	15	15
Ukrainian	705	365	340	300	175	125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	450	225	225	1,245	655	590
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	20	25	15	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	15	55	35	20
Italian	280	145	140	775	425	350
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	25	200	105	100
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	35	95	45	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	25	0	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	50	30	20	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	15	0	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	30	30	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	15	10	10	150	90	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Jamaican	10	0	0	60	50	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	80	45	40	205	80	130
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	15	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guyanese	0	10	0	35	15	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	25	20	30	15	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	40	10	30
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	35	10	20	175	85	85
Central and West African origins	20	0	20	20	15	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	15	15	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	10	0	45	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
South African	10	0	0	25	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	75	35	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	70	35	35
Asian origins	625	265	360	365	185	180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	0	25	45	30	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	20	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	335	170	160	140	80	60
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	305	150	155	115	65	50
Goan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	260	95	165	185	80	105
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	50	20	30	80	35	40
Filipino	80	30	55	50	20	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	25	20	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	25	55	20	15	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania origins	85	40	45	55	30	25
Australian	35	15	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	10	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	35	25	15	55	25	25
Fijian	30	15	15	50	20	25
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
Owner	2,740	...	...	3,200	...	...
Renter	1,700	...	...	1,120	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	50	...	...
Not condominium	4,075	...	...	4,270	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	420	...	...	220	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,290	...	...	580	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,425	...	...	2,270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,290	...	...	1,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,130	...	...	500	...	...
5 rooms	775	...	...	735	...	...
6 rooms	610	...	...	905	...	...
7 rooms	530	...	...	740	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,390	...	...	1,435	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,395	...	...	4,295	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
Suitable	4,280	...	...	4,200	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
1960 or before	425	...	...	745	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,605	...	...	920	...	...
1981 to 1990	580	...	...	490	...	...
1991 to 2000	500	...	...	595	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...	275	...	...
2006 to 2010	125	...	...	625	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	100	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,185	...	...	4,120	...	...
Major repairs needed	260	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,845	...	...	2,375	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,490	...	...	1,835	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	105	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,440	...	...	4,320	...	...
15 to 24 years	280	...	...	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	625	...	...	915	...	...
35 to 44 years	765	...	...	890	...	...
45 to 54 years	770	...	...	1,025	...	...
55 to 64 years	895	...	...	730	...	...
65 to 74 years	620	...	...	400	...	...
75 to 84 years	380	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,430	...	...	4,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,630	...	...	3,650	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	795	...	...	675	...	...
30% to less than 100%	710	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,740	...	...	3,200	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.8	...	...	81.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.0	...	...	13.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	733	...	...	1,431	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	879	...	...	1,385	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,271	...	...	329,679	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	228,851	...	...	344,543	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,705	...	...	1,120	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.5	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.9	...	...	23.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	823	...	...	1,002	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	855	...	...	1,052	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,725	4,610
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,110	1,125	990	1,985	1,085	900
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,940	1,365	1,575	3,195	1,760	1,435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,245	1,630	1,615	4,160	1,885	2,275
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	950	740	210	775	580	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	375	205	170	400	255	150
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	575	530	45	375	325	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,240	435	800	2,275	885	1,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	100	200	115	60	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	760	360	405	995	360	630
Bachelor's degree	515	245	270	790	275	520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	75	15	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	20	25	10	10	0
Master's degree	125	60	65	110	60	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	15	15	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,350	2,655	2,695	6,750	3,395	3,355
No certificate, diploma or degree	980	530	450	860	510	350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,980	935	1,050	2,355	1,290	1,065
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,390	1,195	1,195	3,535	1,595	1,940
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	700	545	150	650	475	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	140	120	330	200	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	440	405	35	320	275	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	885	300	580	1,900	755	1,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	75	135	100	60	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	595	275	325	880	310	570
Bachelor's degree	400	195	210	710	245	465
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	25	70	15	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	10	10	0
Master's degree	115	50	65	95	45	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,730	4,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,050	2,490	2,560	5,180	2,845	2,330
Education	240	50	190	160	35	125
13. Education	240	45	190	160	35	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	50	110	55	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	75	25	45	105	50	55
Humanities	120	55	65	155	65	90
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	30	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	60	30	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	20	15	0
54. History	10	0	10	15	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	75	155	455	110	345
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65	125	10	120
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40	100	20	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	0
42. Psychology	25	15	10	85	25	65
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	100	40	60
Business, management and public administration	515	120	395	765	160	605
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	35	95	10	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	105	355	665	150	515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	35	25	120	45	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10	50	20	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	35	10	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	25	10	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	35	15	150	110	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	30	10	140	100	40
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	890	865	30	935	880	55
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	0
14. Engineering	85	75	0	85	70	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	65	65	0	200	175	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	265	245	15	180	175	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	325	320	0	325	325	0
48. Precision production	155	155	0	130	120	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	120	50	65	40	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	10	40	25	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	110	10	45	35	15
Health and related fields	595	105	490	740	125	615
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	25	10	65	30	35
51. Health professions and related programs	560	80	485	675	100	580
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	130	145	510	260	245
12. Personal and culinary services	180	40	150	190	55	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	35	25	10
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	190	105	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	80	70	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,350	2,655	2,695	6,745	3,395	3,355
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,965	1,460	1,500	3,215	1,795	1,415
Education	175	40	135	140	25	115
13. Education	175	40	135	140	25	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	35	40	100	50	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	25	40	95	45	50
Humanities	95	35	60	135	55	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	55	25	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	20	15	0
54. History	10	10	10	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	120	400	100	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	30	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	45	105	10	100
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	35	90	10	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	10	10	70	20	45
45. Social sciences	50	25	20	90	45	50
Business, management and public administration	370	90	280	625	115	515
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	30	90	10	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	70	250	535	105	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	100	45	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	40	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	10	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	15	135	100	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	15	125	85	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	665	640	20	805	755	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	10	10
14. Engineering	75	70	10	70	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	50	0	175	155	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	185	175	15	140	130	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	240	10	290	290	10
48. Precision production	105	105	0	115	110	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	75	40	65	35	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	10	30	25	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	70	10	40	30	15
Health and related fields	430	85	345	620	115	510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	30	0	50	15	30
51. Health professions and related programs	400	60	345	575	100	475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	105	110	400	195	205
12. Personal and culinary services	145	30	115	160	40	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	25	20	10
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	150	80	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	55	55	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,730	4,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,050	2,490	2,560	5,175	2,845	2,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,245	1,630	1,615	4,160	1,885	2,275
Location of study inside Canada	3,005	1,530	1,480	3,865	1,755	2,110
Same as province or territory of residence	2,500	1,250	1,250	3,070	1,355	1,715
Different than province or territory of residence	505	280	225	795	395	395
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	240	105	135	295	135	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	35	35	75	30	40
Philippines	20	10	10	20	0	15
India	10	0	10	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	10	35	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	90	40	50	145	75	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,350	2,655	2,695	6,750	3,395	3,355
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,965	1,460	1,500	3,220	1,800	1,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,385	1,195	1,195	3,535	1,595	1,935
Location of study inside Canada	2,215	1,130	1,085	3,305	1,495	1,810
Same as province or territory of residence	1,870	955	915	2,570	1,110	1,460
Different than province or territory of residence	340	175	165	735	385	350
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	65	105	225	105	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	15	25	65	25	35
Philippines	20	10	15	20	0	15
India	10	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	10	20	20	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	65	25	40	110	60	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,730	4,610
In the labour force	5,425	2,980	2,455	6,995	3,785	3,210
Employed	5,020	2,695	2,320	6,525	3,585	2,940
Unemployed	410	285	130	470	200	275
Not in the labour force	2,865	1,140	1,725	2,340	945	1,400
Participation rate	65.4	72.3	58.8	74.9	80.0	69.6
Employment rate	60.5	65.4	55.6	69.9	75.8	63.8
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.6	5.3	6.7	5.3	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,295	4,120	4,175	9,335	4,725	4,605
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,620	1,050	1,575	2,300	940	1,365
Worked	5,675	3,070	2,600	7,035	3,790	3,250
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,715	1,620	1,100	4,255	2,605	1,650
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,960	1,455	1,505	2,780	1,185	1,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.4	41.5	45.0	46.6	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,430	2,980	2,450	6,995	3,785	3,215
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	105	55	50	145	60	85
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,320	2,920	2,405	6,855	3,730	3,125
Employee	4,855	2,655	2,200	6,540	3,560	2,975
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	465	265	200	315	165	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,430	2,980	2,455	6,995	3,785	3,210
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	105	60	45	145	55	85
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,325	2,920	2,405	6,855	3,730	3,130
0 Management occupations	475	255	220	645	415	230
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	575	120	460	790	155	635
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	175	50	285	250	35
3 Health occupations	295	25	265	360	30	330
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	475	130	340	1,390	770	615
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	25	25	75	30	45
6 Sales and service occupations	1,310	415	895	1,525	575	960
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,160	1,120	35	1,160	1,045	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	360	310	50	75	55	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	405	340	60	550	400	150
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,430	2,980	2,450	6,995	3,785	3,210
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	55	50	145	60	85
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,325	2,920	2,405	6,855	3,730	3,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	350	285	65	40	15	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	345	320	25	10	0	0
22 Utilities	25	10	10	45	30	15
23 Construction	350	310	40	465	415	50
31-33 Manufacturing	595	520	75	795	600	195
41 Wholesale trade	145	125	20	200	150	50
44-45 Retail trade	735	310	430	735	310	425
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	260	210	45	285	210	85
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	25	60	25	35
52 Finance and insurance	130	40	90	105	40	65
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	50	45	85	35	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	225	95	130	150	60	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	85	110	360	160	200
61 Educational services	285	115	165	270	60	210
62 Health care and social assistance	585	75	515	590	35	555
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	10	50	70	45	30
72 Accommodation and food services	465	145	320	515	180	340
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	100	105	230	100	125
91 Public administration	230	95	135	1,835	1,260	580
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,020	2,695	2,325	6,525	3,585	2,940
Worked at home	170	75	100	230	70	160
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	25	0	15
No fixed workplace address	650	505	145	760	565	195
Worked at usual place	4,180	2,100	2,080	5,515	2,940	2,575
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,180	2,100	2,075	5,515	2,940	2,570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,185	1,480	1,705	2,390	1,340	1,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	905	565	345	2,400	1,140	1,265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	50	25	680	445	230
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	45	25	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,830	2,605	2,220	6,270	3,505	2,770
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,770	2,020	1,745	5,430	3,080	2,355
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	345	185	165	470	225	250
Public transit	260	180	80	35	20	15
Walked	310	120	190	205	100	105
Bicycle	80	60	25	50	25	20
Other method	60	40	20	80	50	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,830	2,605	2,220	6,270	3,505	2,770
Less than 15 minutes	3,380	1,615	1,770	1,950	1,095	850
15 to 29 minutes	765	435	330	2,465	1,330	1,135
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	65	830	370	455
45 to 59 minutes	185	175	0	310	165	145
60 minutes and over	355	305	55	720	545	180
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,830	2,610	2,220	6,270	3,505	2,765
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	490	420	70	815	590	220
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	660	440	225	1,505	995	515
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,205	660	545	1,750	905	845
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,085	415	665	635	190	445
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	510	125	390	415	160	255
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	885	545	340	1,150	660	490
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,900	3,150	2,755	7,245	3,875	3,370
Single responses	5,875	3,140	2,730	7,105	3,780	3,325
Official languages	5,865	3,140	2,730	7,085	3,775	3,310
English	5,865	3,140	2,730	6,920	3,730	3,185
French	0	10	0	170	45	125
Non-official languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20	140	95	45
English and French	15	0	10	135	90	40
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,900	3,150	2,750	7,250	3,875	3,375
None	5,855	3,140	2,715	6,510	3,425	3,085
English	0	0	0	80	30	50
French	10	0	10	615	410	210
Non-official language	40	10	25	35	10	25
Aboriginal	25	0	20	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	30	10	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,995	5,030	4,965	11,630	5,890	5,740
Non-movers	8,240	4,210	4,030	9,615	4,835	4,780
Movers	1,755	815	940	2,015	1,050	960
Non-migrants	1,140	560	585	465	255	210
Migrants	610	260	355	1,550	795	750
Internal migrants	545	235	310	1,525	800	730
Intraprovincial migrants	470	195	275	1,045	545	505
Interprovincial migrants	70	40	30	475	250	225
External migrants	65	20	45	25	0	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,540	4,725	4,815	10,865	5,490	5,375
Non-movers	5,410	2,695	2,715	4,835	2,430	2,405
Movers	4,130	2,035	2,100	6,035	3,060	2,975
Non-migrants	2,475	1,250	1,225	1,250	650	605
Migrants	1,655	780	875	4,780	2,410	2,375
Internal migrants	1,465	705	760	4,650	2,360	2,285
Intraprovincial migrants	1,165	550	610	3,060	1,500	1,560
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	145	1,590	865	725
External migrants	190	80	120	135	45	85

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Angus - Borden CFB-BFC [Population centre], Ontario