Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Williams Lake British Columbia [Population centre]			Nickel Belt Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,508	...	...	93,772	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,902 ^r	...	...	90,962	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,927	...	...	41,896	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,423	...	...	37,837	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	494.2	...	...	3.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.26	...	...	26,812.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,515	5,250	5,260	93,775	46,935	46,840
0 to 14 years	1,765	935	835	15,410	8,000	7,410
0 to 4 years	575	320	260	4,765	2,490	2,270
5 to 9 years	595	305	290	5,310	2,720	2,595
10 to 14 years	590	310	285	5,330	2,785	2,550
15 to 64 years	6,765	3,400	3,365	61,970	30,955	31,015
15 to 19 years	600	315	285	5,615	2,895	2,720
20 to 24 years	680	355	325	4,975	2,585	2,390
25 to 29 years	705	355	350	4,580	2,285	2,295
30 to 34 years	730	370	355	5,165	2,505	2,665
35 to 39 years	620	310	310	5,685	2,750	2,940
40 to 44 years	600	285	320	6,180	3,120	3,055
45 to 49 years	670	340	335	6,515	3,255	3,255
50 to 54 years	655	310	345	8,235	4,065	4,165
55 to 59 years	775	405	370	8,070	4,035	4,040
60 to 64 years	720	355	365	6,945	3,455	3,485
65 years and over	1,980	910	1,065	16,395	7,980	8,415
65 to 69 years	640	330	310	5,950	3,040	2,905
70 to 74 years	430	230	200	4,240	2,135	2,110
75 to 79 years	300	120	175	2,965	1,435	1,530
80 to 84 years	275	95	180	1,910	875	1,035
85 years and over	340	135	205	1,325	495	830
85 to 89 years	150	85	60	925	390	535
90 to 94 years	180	45	135	320	90	230
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	75	10	55
100 years and over	5	0	0	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.8	15.9	16.4	17.0	15.8
15 to 64 years	64.3	64.8	64.0	66.1	66.0	66.2
65 years and over	18.8	17.3	20.2	17.5	17.0	18.0
85 years and over	3.2	2.6	3.9	1.4	1.1	1.8
Average age of the population	41.6	40.4	42.8	42.1	41.6	42.7
Median age of the population	41.1	39.6	42.7	44.4	44.0	44.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,425	...	...	37,840	...	...
Single-detached house	2,180	...	...	30,280	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,755	...	...	6,990	...	...
Semi-detached house	240	...	...	1,400	...	...
Row house	320	...	...	815	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	475	...	...	1,435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	705	...	...	3,250	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	490	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,425	...	...	37,835	...	...
1 person	1,395	...	...	8,405	...	...
2 persons	1,590	...	...	15,195	...	...
3 persons	640	...	...	6,185	...	...
4 persons	505	...	...	5,615	...	...
5 or more persons	285	...	...	2,435	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,085	...	...	92,920	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,745	4,315	4,430	78,365	38,940	39,425
Married or living common law	4,755	2,415	2,345	50,605	25,275	25,330
Married	3,525	1,800	1,725	40,550	20,255	20,290
Living common law	1,230	615	620	10,050	5,015	5,035
Not married and not living common law	3,990	1,905	2,085	27,755	13,660	14,095
Never married	2,450	1,365	1,080	17,010	9,590	7,425
Separated	345	155	185	2,495	1,185	1,310
Divorced	595	285	315	3,595	1,790	1,800
Widowed	600	100	505	4,660	1,095	3,560
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,860	...	...	29,125	...	...
2 persons	1,635	...	...	15,945	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	6,095	...	...
4 persons	460	...	...	5,250	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,865	...	...	29,125	...	...
Total couple families	2,265	...	...	25,025	...	...
Married couples	1,650	...	...	20,005	...	...
Common-law couples	615	...	...	5,025	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	595	...	...	4,100	...	...
Female parent	465	...	...	3,025	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	25,025	...	...
Couples without children	1,280	...	...	13,400	...	...
Couples with children	985	...	...	11,620	...	...
1 child	405	...	...	4,895	...	...
2 children	405	...	...	4,960	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	1,770	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	4,100	...	...
1 child	360	...	...	2,540	...	...
2 children	165	...	...	1,205	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,230	1,185	1,045	12,050	6,110	5,940
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,425	...	...	37,835	...	...
One-census-family households	2,715	...	...	27,985	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,230	...	...	12,905	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,485	...	...	15,080	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	75	...	...	565	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,635	...	...	9,285	...	...
One-person households	1,395	...	...	8,405	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	880	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,130	5,080	5,050	93,205	46,720	46,485
English only	9,640	4,875	4,760	44,615	23,235	21,375
French only	30	5	25	1,520	670	850
English and French	400	180	220	46,995	22,785	24,205
Neither English nor French	55	20	40	85	30	50
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,130	5,085	5,045	93,205	46,720	46,485
English	9,925	4,995	4,930	57,075	28,990	28,085
French	140	65	75	35,535	17,460	18,075
English and French	10	5	5	520	245	275
Neither English nor French	55	20	35	70	25	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	145	65	80	35,795	17,585	18,215
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.6	38.4	37.6	39.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,130	5,080	5,050	93,205	46,720	46,485
Single responses	9,975	5,005	4,970	91,070	45,680	45,385
Official languages	9,050	4,575	4,475	88,295	44,305	43,990
English	8,885	4,505	4,380	52,615	26,720	25,895
French	160	75	90	35,680	17,585	18,095
Non-official languages	925	425	495	2,770	1,375	1,395
Aboriginal languages	130	45	85	75	25	50
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	75	25	50
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	15	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	55	15	35
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	95	30	65	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	90	30	60	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	795	380	410	2,700	1,355	1,345
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	70	35	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	70	40	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	70	40	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40	50	10	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	40	30	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	5	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	305	305	1,755	900	855
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	40	25	460	225	240
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	65	35	25	440	210	230
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	40	20	20
Czech	5	0	5	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	190	90	100
Russian	10	5	5	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	15	10	10	120	50	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	95	105	465	230	225
Afrikaans	15	10	5	5	0	0
Danish	10	5	0	10	10	5
Dutch	25	15	10	85	50	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	55	80	345	170	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	145	80	70
Indo-Aryan languages	270	140	135	140	75	65
Bengali	5	5	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hindi	10	5	5	35	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	10	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	250	120	125	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	35	15	15
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	640	340	300
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	455	255	200
Portuguese	20	10	10	80	40	40
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Spanish	45	15	25	95	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	35	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	25	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	5	0	0	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	20	35	150	85	70
Chinese languages	55	20	30	155	85	70
Cantonese	30	10	15	55	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	15	90	45	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	505	235	270
Estonian	5	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	5	5	0	465	215	255
Hungarian	0	0	5	30	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	75	80	2,135	1,040	1,095
English and French	20	10	10	1,915	920	995
English and non-official language	130	65	70	170	90	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,130	5,080	5,050	93,205	46,720	46,485
Single responses	9,920	4,985	4,940	90,875	45,610	45,265
Official languages	9,555	4,805	4,750	90,150	45,255	44,895
English	9,515	4,795	4,720	67,475	34,380	33,095
French	45	10	35	22,680	10,880	11,800
Non-official languages	370	180	185	730	355	375
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	345	175	175	720	350	370
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	45	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	45	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	15	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	265	130	135	390	190	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	95	45	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	90	45	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	10	0	5
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	55	35	30
Russian	0	0	5	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	60	35	30
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	15	60	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	205	95	105	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	105	75	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hindi	5	5	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	95	105	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	145	65	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	75	35	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	95	50	45
Chinese languages	25	10	15	95	50	50
Cantonese	15	5	5	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	75	40	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	90	40	55
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	205	95	110	2,325	1,105	1,215
English and French	15	10	5	1,965	930	1,035
English and non-official language	195	85	105	310	160	150
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	20	5	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,125	5,085	5,045	93,205	46,720	46,485
None	9,575	4,820	4,750	67,850	34,560	33,290
English	130	60	70	12,335	5,930	6,405
French	60	30	30	11,845	5,660	6,185
Non-official language	360	170	195	1,080	530	545
Aboriginal	115	50	65	120	50	70
Non-Aboriginal	245	120	130	960	480	480
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language	5	0	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,315	4,130	4,185	77,540	38,570	38,970
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,070	4,020	4,055	74,490	37,255	37,230
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,402	46,482	25,762	38,677	49,037	28,823
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,080	4,025	4,060	74,550	37,260	37,290
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,246	40,390	24,320	34,841	43,072	26,494
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,125	3,655	3,470	66,645	34,250	32,395
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	46,700	22,800	36,503	46,884	26,681
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,725	2,510	3,215	52,815	23,965	28,850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,155	7,542	6,919	7,422	8,430	6,799
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,120	3,205	2,915	55,305	29,785	25,520
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,236	49,865	23,808	37,792	47,944	30,485
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,520	38,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,040	4,010	4,030	74,290	37,120	37,170
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,195	53,466	30,981	48,222	59,680	36,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,040	4,010	4,030	74,355	37,125	37,230
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,093	44,517	27,721	40,050	48,419	31,705
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,155	3,695	3,465	66,555	34,165	32,385
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,635	52,214	28,284	46,894	58,366	34,791
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,675	2,430	3,250	52,740	23,755	28,985
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,534	8,873	8,282	8,747	9,309	8,287
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,125	3,260	2,865	55,290	29,690	25,595
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,938	53,413	28,885	46,880	56,181	36,091
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,510	38,525	38,985
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,680	1,605	1,070	25,980	14,685	11,290
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,096	64,626	40,173	60,000	72,010	48,712
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,366	67,880	44,125	67,851	78,114	54,502
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.5	79.0	86.9	89.8	82.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.0	79.8	66.9	72.0	74.6	67.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.4	10.5	20.9	13.1	10.2	17.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,315	4,130	4,185	77,540	38,570	38,970
Without total income	240	110	135	3,050	1,315	1,735
With total income	8,070	4,020	4,050	74,490	37,255	37,230
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.3	96.8	96.1	96.6	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,095	415	675	9,305	3,180	6,130
$10,000 to $19,999	1,395	510	885	11,635	4,125	7,515
$20,000 to $29,999	1,225	470	755	8,925	3,430	5,495
$30,000 to $39,999	975	390	585	8,530	4,065	4,470
$40,000 to $49,999	720	320	405	8,180	4,200	3,985
$50,000 to $59,999	590	335	250	6,615	3,525	3,095
$60,000 to $69,999	570	400	170	4,790	2,865	1,925
$70,000 to $79,999	425	300	120	3,560	2,230	1,330
$80,000 to $89,999	330	240	90	3,010	1,995	1,010
$90,000 to $99,999	235	195	40	2,700	1,690	1,010
$100,000 and over	515	440	80	7,220	5,945	1,280
$100,000 to $149,999	435	380	65	5,650	4,665	985
$150,000 and over	80	65	15	1,575	1,280	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,315	4,135	4,185	77,540	38,570	38,970
Without after-tax income	240	110	130	2,990	1,310	1,680
With after-tax income	8,080	4,025	4,055	74,550	37,260	37,290
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.3	96.9	96.1	96.6	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,130	440	690	9,700	3,240	6,460
$10,000 to $19,999	1,475	565	910	12,145	4,320	7,825
$20,000 to $29,999	1,410	535	870	10,305	4,040	6,265
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	460	645	10,690	5,360	5,335
$40,000 to $49,999	810	415	395	9,475	5,070	4,410
$50,000 to $59,999	750	525	230	6,585	3,905	2,680
$60,000 to $69,999	530	375	150	4,705	3,110	1,595
$70,000 to $79,999	375	295	80	4,065	2,675	1,390
$80,000 and over	500	415	85	6,875	5,545	1,335
$80,000 to $89,999	225	185	40	2,765	2,130	630
$90,000 to $99,999	125	105	20	1,585	1,335	245
$100,000 and over	150	125	25	2,535	2,075	455
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,315	4,135	4,185	77,540	38,575	38,970
Without employment income	2,195	925	1,270	22,235	8,790	13,445
With employment income	6,120	3,205	2,915	55,305	29,785	25,525
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.5	69.7	71.3	77.2	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	905	375	530	9,075	5,290	3,785
$5,000 to $9,999	470	185	285	3,850	1,515	2,330
$10,000 to $19,999	740	275	465	6,120	2,460	3,660
$20,000 to $29,999	675	260	410	4,800	1,950	2,850
$30,000 to $39,999	665	275	385	4,955	1,965	2,995
$40,000 to $49,999	505	225	275	5,050	2,145	2,910
$50,000 to $59,999	440	255	180	4,335	2,225	2,105
$60,000 to $69,999	450	325	130	3,325	2,010	1,305
$70,000 to $79,999	350	255	95	2,695	1,705	995
$80,000 and over	925	770	150	11,095	8,515	2,585
$80,000 to $89,999	290	220	65	2,535	1,705	825
$90,000 to $99,999	210	170	35	2,415	1,535	880
$100,000 and over	425	375	50	6,150	5,270	880
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,420	...	...	37,835	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,440	...	...	79,777	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,458	...	...	69,327	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,400	...	...	8,405	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	35,931	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,112	...	...	32,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,025	...	...	29,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,173	...	...	95,689	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,945	...	...	82,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,414	...	...	94,724	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,400	...	...	78,743	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,450	...	...	8,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,097	...	...	44,803	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,388	...	...	37,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,990	...	...	29,465	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,067	...	...	108,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,973	...	...	90,347	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,420	...	...	37,835	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	225	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	835	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	1,240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	1,340	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	1,200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	1,390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	1,465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	205	...	...	1,535	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	190	...	...	1,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	320	...	...	2,850	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	340	...	...	2,655	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...	2,395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	2,300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	2,080	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,240	...	...	14,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	4,530	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	315	...	...	3,550	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	270	...	...	4,025	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	2,395	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,425	...	...	37,840	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	250	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	840	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...	1,270	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	1,475	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	1,380	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	1,635	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	220	...	...	1,705	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	1,845	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	1,775	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	435	...	...	3,490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...	3,110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	390	...	...	2,920	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	2,700	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	2,440	...	...
$100,000 and over	785	...	...	10,660	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	410	...	...	4,760	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	205	...	...	2,850	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	3,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,860	...	...	28,825	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,227	...	...	95,412	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,595	...	...	82,039	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,200	...	...	12,585	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,768	...	...	79,653	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,939	...	...	69,625	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,000	...	...	11,780	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,216	...	...	129,644	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,185	...	...	108,054	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	565	...	...	3,800	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,232	...	...	54,508	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,520	...	...	50,724	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,825	...	...	28,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,317	...	...	108,438	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,456	...	...	89,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	12,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,740	...	...	92,001	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,504	...	...	77,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...	11,785	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,461	...	...	140,704	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,257	...	...	114,764	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	545	...	...	3,850	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,779	...	...	63,065	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,830	...	...	55,591	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,955	1,065	890	10,410	5,410	4,995
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,365	40,704	28,160	34,182	41,579	26,968
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,251	35,669	25,984	31,058	36,973	25,497
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,985	1,055	925	10,350	5,380	4,965
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,883	52,508	34,035	43,778	51,632	35,264
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,540	43,755	30,443	36,881	42,170	31,147
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,080	5,065	5,015	92,925	46,555	46,365
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,435	2,580	2,855	38,350	18,390	19,965
In the bottom decile	1,180	545	640	5,885	2,710	3,170
In the second decile	1,160	535	630	7,155	3,130	4,025
In the third decile	1,040	480	560	7,625	3,575	4,050
In the fourth decile	1,020	495	525	8,490	4,260	4,230
In the fifth decile	1,035	530	500	9,205	4,715	4,490
In the top half of the distribution	4,645	2,485	2,165	54,570	28,165	26,405
In the sixth decile	995	500	495	9,585	4,860	4,725
In the seventh decile	1,130	605	525	10,490	5,395	5,095
In the eighth decile	1,010	545	470	12,355	6,370	5,980
In the ninth decile	950	525	425	13,015	6,730	6,290
In the top decile	565	310	255	9,125	4,810	4,310
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,085	5,065	5,015	92,230	46,220	46,010
0 to 17 years	2,110	1,115	995	18,600	9,660	8,940
0 to 5 years	705	390	315	5,665	2,955	2,710
18 to 64 years	6,340	3,180	3,160	57,805	28,785	29,020
65 years and over	1,635	775	860	15,820	7,775	8,045
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,650	735	910	9,240	4,165	5,075
0 to 17 years	475	240	235	2,320	1,205	1,115
0 to 5 years	185	105	80	790	395	395
18 to 64 years	935	405	530	5,140	2,315	2,820
65 years and over	240	90	150	1,785	640	1,140
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	14.5	18.1	10.0	9.0	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	21.5	23.6	12.5	12.5	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	26.2	26.9	25.4	13.9	13.4	14.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	12.7	16.8	8.9	8.0	9.7
65 years and over (%)	14.7	11.6	17.4	11.3	8.2	14.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	735	330	400	3,095	1,465	1,635
0 to 17 years	195	95	105	740	385	350
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	255	120	130
18 to 64 years	515	230	285	2,185	1,030	1,160
65 years and over	20	10	15	175	55	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	6.5	8.0	3.4	3.2	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	8.5	10.6	4.0	4.0	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	9.0	9.5	4.5	4.1	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.2	9.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.3	1.7	1.1	0.7	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,100	5,065	5,035	92,970	46,570	46,400
Official languages	10,060	5,065	4,995	92,875	46,550	46,325
English	10,060	5,065	4,995	91,370	45,890	45,480
French	305	140	170	48,375	23,485	24,890
Non-official languages	1,225	555	670	3,985	2,010	1,975
Aboriginal languages	265	120	145	230	95	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	85	105
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	20	0	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	165	80	85
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	160	75	80
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	220	80	135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	215	80	135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	205	75	130	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	40	15	25
Salish languages	45	30	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	45	30	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	960	435	525	3,755	1,910	1,845
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	110	50	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	110	50	65
Amharic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	10	115	50	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	55	90	35	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	20	50	60	25	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	25	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	25	10
Telugu	0	0	0	60	25	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	735	365	370	2,430	1,250	1,180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	65	30	375	180	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	60	30	355	170	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	25	0	15
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	20	10	155	80	70
Russian	20	10	10	15	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	25	20	0	120	45	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	85	135	595	305	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	20	0	15
Dutch	50	20	30	110	60	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	60	95	475	240	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	10	100	55	45
Indo-Iranian languages	275	145	130	150	85	65
Indo-Aryan languages	275	145	130	150	85	65
Bengali	0	10	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hindi	55	35	20	120	60	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	125	120	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	25	20	0	15	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	75	1,230	645	585
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	20	645	375	270
Portuguese	40	15	20	75	45	30
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Spanish	75	30	40	535	245	290
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	25	55	30	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	45	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	20	160	60	105
American Sign Language	10	0	0	60	15	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	95	40	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	140	85	55
Chinese languages	15	10	10	140	80	60
Cantonese	15	10	10	80	45	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	85	50	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	620	305	310
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	595	295	300
Hungarian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,100	5,070	5,030	92,970	46,575	46,400
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,750	4,945	4,805	92,310	46,260	46,055
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,110	1,105	1,005	18,885	9,900	8,985
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,635	3,840	3,795	73,425	36,360	37,070
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	350	120	230	660	315	350
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,100	5,065	5,030	92,970	46,570	46,400
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,125	4,635	4,490	90,100	45,075	45,025
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	895	400	490	2,810	1,460	1,355
Before 1981	450	245	205	1,655	920	730
1981 to 1990	95	20	80	240	140	105
1991 to 2000	90	35	55	315	130	190
2001 to 2010	80	30	40	415	185	230
2001 to 2005	50	20	30	235	110	125
2006 to 2010	30	15	15	175	75	105
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	175	60	115	190	90	105
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	75	35	45	65	40	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	895	395	495	2,810	1,460	1,355
Under 5 years	85	50	35	460	240	215
5 to 14 years	195	100	95	650	365	280
15 to 24 years	290	110	175	700	345	355
25 to 44 years	260	110	150	870	450	420
45 years and over	70	30	40	135	50	80
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	890	395	495	2,815	1,460	1,350
Americas	150	65	85	470	215	255
Brazil	0	10	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	20	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	55	75	300	145	155
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	55	15	40
Europe	365	180	180	1,750	960	790
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	15	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	45	25	20
Germany	65	35	35	290	155	130
Greece	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungary	0	0	10	20	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	25	10	15
Italy	10	10	0	205	145	65
Netherlands	35	15	20	95	65	30
Poland	15	10	10	100	45	55
Portugal	30	10	15	50	30	25
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	10	10	10	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	60	55	480	250	230
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	20	330	185	150
Africa	15	0	10	105	65	45
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	65	30	30
Asia	350	145	205	455	205	250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	75	30	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	0
India	185	75	105	135	60	70
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	10	25	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	65	25	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	20	15
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	65	25	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	0	15	25	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	60	115	190	90	105
Americas	0	0	10	70	30	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	30	10	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	0	15
Europe	35	20	20	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	10	10	10
Africa	0	0	10	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	130	40	85	75	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	15	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,100	5,065	5,030	92,975	46,575	46,400
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,010	460	550	3,040	1,595	1,450
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,545	740	805	6,980	3,535	3,450
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,545	3,870	3,670	82,950	41,450	41,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	460	160	300	1,170	545	625
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	270	105	155	520	260	255
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	100	40	60	230	165	65
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	170	65	105	285	95	190
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	180	45	140	530	210	315
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	120	75	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,100	5,070	5,035	92,970	46,570	46,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,065	975	1,095	10,975	5,635	5,340
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,050	970	1,085	10,660	5,480	5,185
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,620	755	870	4,225	2,000	2,225
Métis	430	215	210	6,395	3,455	2,940
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	40	25	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	135	70	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	175	85	85
Non-Aboriginal identity	8,030	4,095	3,935	82,000	40,940	41,060
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,100	5,070	5,030	92,970	46,570	46,395
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,380	610	765	3,615	1,790	1,825
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,720	4,455	4,260	89,360	44,785	44,575
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,100	5,070	5,030	92,970	46,575	46,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	810	375	435	2,490	1,295	1,200
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	805	375	430	2,445	1,260	1,185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	750	355	390	1,490	695	795
Métis single ancestry	55	20	35	945	560	380
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	10	45	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	40	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,380	680	700	11,480	5,785	5,695
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,295	655	640	11,145	5,605	5,540
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	510	480	4,985	2,495	2,495
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	150	160	6,075	3,075	2,995
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	35	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	85	20	65	330	180	150
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	25	65	325	180	150
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	7,905	4,015	3,895	79,000	39,495	39,505
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,100	5,065	5,035	92,970	46,575	46,400
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	660	285	375	1,515	780	735
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	330	185	150	290	185	110
Chinese	25	10	10	270	130	140
Black	50	10	35	380	205	170
Filipino	80	20	55	115	55	65
Latin American	15	0	20	75	25	55
Arab	0	0	0	125	60	70
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	95	50	50
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korean	60	20	40	40	20	25
Japanese	25	10	15	20	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	0	15	25	15	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	50	20	30	45	25	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,440	4,785	4,655	91,455	45,795	45,665
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,100	5,070	5,030	92,970	46,570	46,400
North American Aboriginal origins	2,190	1,055	1,140	13,970	7,075	6,890
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,825	885	945	6,850	3,400	3,455
Inuit	0	0	0	110	50	60
Métis	455	190	265	7,385	3,840	3,545
Other North American origins	3,025	1,565	1,455	51,115	25,365	25,750
Acadian	0	0	0	190	90	95
American	175	80	95	650	335	320
Canadian	2,925	1,520	1,410	50,390	24,975	25,415
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	105	60	45
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	65	45	15
Québécois	0	0	0	175	75	100
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	7,150	3,615	3,535	64,260	32,115	32,145
British Isles origins	4,900	2,510	2,390	32,935	16,180	16,750
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,910	1,455	1,450	17,130	8,410	8,720
Irish	1,805	950	850	14,635	7,110	7,525
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,360	1,125	1,235	12,345	5,960	6,385
Welsh	280	155	130	980	470	510
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	95	80	1,260	610	645
French origins	1,365	605	760	38,225	18,865	19,360
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,365	605	760	38,220	18,860	19,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,305	1,155	1,150	9,290	4,615	4,675
Austrian	80	35	45	270	130	140
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	60	20	40	280	155	125
Dutch	495	260	235	2,020	955	1,065
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,740	885	850	7,005	3,510	3,490
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	50	25	30	185	85	95
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	930	475	450	4,190	2,095	2,095
Danish	80	55	25	265	120	145
Finnish	100	55	50	3,045	1,570	1,480
Icelandic	70	30	40	100	50	55
Norwegian	405	200	205	400	180	220
Swedish	345	175	175	680	320	365
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	20	15	30	20	10
Eastern European origins	1,445	680	770	6,080	3,020	3,055
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	30	10	25	160	105	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	90	30	65
Estonian	15	10	0	60	40	20
Hungarian	130	50	80	400	175	220
Latvian	10	10	0	55	30	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	370	170	200	2,250	1,120	1,130
Romanian	140	65	70	115	75	40
Russian	280	115	160	290	135	150
Slovak	10	0	10	45	25	20
Ukrainian	705	365	340	3,235	1,610	1,625
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	450	225	225	5,725	2,865	2,860
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	20	175	105	75
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	15	255	115	135
Italian	280	145	140	4,600	2,340	2,260
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	25	225	125	100
Serbian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Spanish	60	25	35	320	100	225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	100	50	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	50	30	245	120	125
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	15	0	70	40	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	30	30	175	85	90
Caribbean origins	15	10	10	370	195	175
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaican	10	0	0	205	115	100
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	80	45	40	185	65	125
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	15	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	45	25	20	110	40	75
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	35	10	20	400	175	225
Central and West African origins	20	0	20	65	40	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	20	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	15	15	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	75	30	45
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	10	0	90	50	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	50	25	20
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	190	60	130
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	175	60	120
Asian origins	625	265	360	1,260	625	630
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	0	25	245	105	140
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	30	15	20
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	20	100	40	55
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	335	170	160	400	230	175
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	305	150	155	355	195	160
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0	15	10	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	260	95	165	630	310	325
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	50	20	30	390	190	195
Filipino	80	30	55	105	40	60
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	40	10	25	30	15	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	25	55	45	20	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	40	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	85	40	45	95	45	50
Australian	35	15	25	80	40	40
New Zealander	10	10	10	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	25	15	10	0	0
Fijian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
Owner	2,740	...	...	30,215	...	...
Renter	1,700	...	...	7,540	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
Condominium	365	...	...	405	...	...
Not condominium	4,075	...	...	37,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,440	...	...	37,815	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	420	...	...	2,285	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,290	...	...	8,240	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,425	...	...	16,560	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,290	...	...	10,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,130	...	...	6,320	...	...
5 rooms	775	...	...	6,105	...	...
6 rooms	610	...	...	6,790	...	...
7 rooms	530	...	...	6,225	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,390	...	...	12,385	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,440	...	...	37,815	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,395	...	...	37,690	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
Suitable	4,280	...	...	37,090	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,440	...	...	37,815	...	...
1960 or before	425	...	...	9,885	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,605	...	...	13,545	...	...
1981 to 1990	580	...	...	4,300	...	...
1991 to 2000	500	...	...	4,680	...	...
2001 to 2005	105	...	...	1,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	125	...	...	2,205	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	100	...	...	1,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,185	...	...	35,015	...	...
Major repairs needed	260	...	...	2,800	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,440	...	...	37,815	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,845	...	...	21,535	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,490	...	...	15,945	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	105	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,440	...	...	37,820	...	...
15 to 24 years	280	...	...	750	...	...
25 to 34 years	625	...	...	4,435	...	...
35 to 44 years	765	...	...	6,245	...	...
45 to 54 years	770	...	...	8,090	...	...
55 to 64 years	895	...	...	8,190	...	...
65 to 74 years	620	...	...	6,075	...	...
75 to 84 years	380	...	...	3,165	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,430	...	...	37,330	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,630	...	...	30,685	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	795	...	...	6,640	...	...
30% to less than 100%	710	...	...	6,130	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,740	...	...	29,850	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.8	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.0	...	...	11.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	733	...	...	1,126	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	879	...	...	1,222	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,271	...	...	250,214	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	228,851	...	...	279,822	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,705	...	...	7,510	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.5	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.9	...	...	42.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	823	...	...	889	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	855	...	...	919	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,525	38,985
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,110	1,125	990	16,910	8,995	7,915
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,940	1,365	1,575	20,645	9,740	10,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,245	1,630	1,615	39,955	19,785	20,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	950	740	210	7,875	6,160	1,715
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	375	205	170	3,905	2,795	1,110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	575	530	45	3,965	3,365	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,240	435	800	21,875	9,640	12,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	100	200	930	375	550
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	760	360	405	9,280	3,605	5,675
Bachelor's degree	515	245	270	6,785	2,465	4,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	730	325	405
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	20	25	290	135	150
Master's degree	125	60	65	1,270	540	735
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	15	200	140	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,350	2,655	2,695	51,075	25,285	25,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	980	530	450	6,105	3,520	2,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,980	935	1,050	13,330	6,460	6,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,390	1,195	1,195	31,640	15,300	16,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	700	545	150	5,385	4,235	1,150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	140	120	2,635	1,885	745
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	440	405	35	2,755	2,355	400
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	885	300	580	18,190	7,965	10,220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	205	75	135	665	315	350
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	595	275	325	7,405	2,790	4,615
Bachelor's degree	400	195	210	5,380	1,955	3,420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	25	540	215	325
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	260	110	145
Master's degree	115	50	65	1,055	395	655
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	175	110	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,525	38,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,050	2,490	2,560	37,550	18,735	18,815
Education	240	50	190	2,495	555	1,945
13. Education	240	45	190	2,500	550	1,950
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	50	540	245	300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	100	75	25
50. Visual and performing arts	75	25	45	445	165	275
Humanities	120	55	65	1,060	385	675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	105	10	90
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	225	65	165
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	290	80	210
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	70	25	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	105	80	30
54. History	10	0	10	195	115	85
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	20	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	75	155	3,735	965	2,770
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	275	65	215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65	1,060	75	980
22. Legal professions and studies	60	25	40	795	245	550
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	70	0	70
42. Psychology	25	15	10	590	110	475
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	890	460	435
Business, management and public administration	515	120	395	6,415	1,620	4,795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	35	1,090	170	920
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	460	105	355	5,305	1,450	3,860
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	35	25	1,175	620	555
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10	435	130	305
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	45	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	30	25	10	475	365	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	130	75	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	35	15	895	485	405
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	30	10	650	405	250
25. Library science	10	0	10	80	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	45	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	30	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	890	865	30	12,260	11,705	555
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	85	60	25
14. Engineering	85	75	0	675	605	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	65	65	0	3,500	3,200	300
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	265	245	15	2,175	2,130	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	325	320	0	4,065	3,980	85
48. Precision production	155	155	0	1,765	1,735	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	120	50	775	515	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	10	40	270	120	150
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	110	10	505	395	110
Health and related fields	595	105	490	7,215	930	6,285
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	25	10	370	170	200
51. Health professions and related programs	560	80	485	6,740	705	6,035
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	100	55	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	280	130	145	3,395	1,770	1,620
12. Personal and culinary services	180	40	150	1,460	260	1,200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	1,005	635	370
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	910	855	50
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,350	2,655	2,695	51,070	25,280	25,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,965	1,460	1,500	19,440	9,980	9,455
Education	175	40	135	1,740	375	1,365
13. Education	175	40	135	1,740	370	1,365
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	35	40	440	200	235
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	85	65	20
50. Visual and performing arts	65	25	40	355	135	215
Humanities	95	35	60	710	235	480
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	85	0	85
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25	145	35	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	210	65	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	55	50	10
54. History	10	10	10	130	75	60
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	120	3,160	775	2,380
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	245	60	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	45	945	70	875
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	35	700	210	485
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	65	0	65
42. Psychology	15	10	10	510	90	420
45. Social sciences	50	25	20	650	325	325
Business, management and public administration	370	90	280	5,400	1,300	4,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	30	900	135	765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	70	250	4,480	1,160	3,325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	940	465	470
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	350	105	240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	10	100	20	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	390	290	100
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	90	45	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	15	780	425	360
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	15	595	375	225
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	30	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	665	640	20	9,360	8,900	465
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	80	60	25
14. Engineering	75	70	10	565	505	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	50	0	2,770	2,530	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	185	175	15	1,525	1,490	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	240	10	3,110	3,030	80
48. Precision production	105	105	0	1,315	1,290	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	75	40	645	415	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	10	30	230	95	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	70	10	410	315	95
Health and related fields	430	85	345	5,770	790	4,985
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	30	0	280	130	155
51. Health professions and related programs	400	60	345	5,395	610	4,785
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	50	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	105	110	2,690	1,430	1,260
12. Personal and culinary services	145	30	115	1,080	175	905
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	845	535	305
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	755	710	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,520	38,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,050	2,490	2,560	37,550	18,735	18,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,245	1,630	1,615	39,955	19,785	20,170
Location of study inside Canada	3,005	1,530	1,480	39,005	19,290	19,715
Same as province or territory of residence	2,500	1,250	1,250	37,555	18,525	19,025
Different than province or territory of residence	505	280	225	1,450	765	690
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	240	105	135	950	495	455
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	35	35	310	175	130
Philippines	20	10	10	35	10	30
India	10	0	10	55	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	10	35	160	80	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	90	40	50	360	190	170
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,350	2,655	2,695	51,070	25,285	25,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,965	1,460	1,500	19,435	9,980	9,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,385	1,195	1,195	31,635	15,300	16,335
Location of study inside Canada	2,215	1,130	1,085	31,050	15,010	16,040
Same as province or territory of residence	1,870	955	915	30,050	14,480	15,570
Different than province or territory of residence	340	175	165	1,005	530	470
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	65	105	585	290	295
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	15	25	185	110	75
Philippines	20	10	15	25	0	20
India	10	0	10	50	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	10	20	80	40	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	65	25	40	225	105	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,525	38,985
In the labour force	5,425	2,980	2,455	47,955	25,045	22,910
Employed	5,020	2,695	2,320	43,885	22,545	21,335
Unemployed	410	285	130	4,075	2,495	1,575
Not in the labour force	2,865	1,140	1,725	29,550	13,475	16,070
Participation rate	65.4	72.3	58.8	61.9	65.0	58.8
Employment rate	60.5	65.4	55.6	56.6	58.5	54.7
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.6	5.3	8.5	10.0	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,295	4,120	4,175	77,505	38,520	38,985
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,620	1,050	1,575	27,450	12,230	15,220
Worked	5,675	3,070	2,600	50,060	26,295	23,765
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,715	1,620	1,100	26,485	15,015	11,470
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,960	1,455	1,505	23,570	11,275	12,295
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.4	41.5	43.1	43.2	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,430	2,980	2,450	47,960	25,045	22,915
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	105	55	50	915	440	480
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,320	2,920	2,405	47,040	24,610	22,435
Employee	4,855	2,655	2,200	43,095	22,235	20,860
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	465	265	200	3,950	2,370	1,580
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,430	2,980	2,455	47,960	25,045	22,915
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	105	60	45	915	435	480
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,325	2,920	2,405	47,045	24,605	22,435
0 Management occupations	475	255	220	4,385	2,770	1,615
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	575	120	460	7,205	1,495	5,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	175	50	2,230	1,800	430
3 Health occupations	295	25	265	3,955	575	3,375
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	475	130	340	5,330	1,450	3,885
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	25	25	625	195	430
6 Sales and service occupations	1,310	415	895	10,040	3,790	6,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,160	1,120	35	9,335	8,895	440
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	360	310	50	2,960	2,815	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	405	340	60	970	835	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,430	2,980	2,450	47,960	25,045	22,915
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	55	50	915	435	480
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,325	2,920	2,405	47,040	24,610	22,435
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	350	285	65	635	450	180
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	345	320	25	4,685	4,375	315
22 Utilities	25	10	10	305	220	80
23 Construction	350	310	40	4,260	3,745	515
31-33 Manufacturing	595	520	75	2,440	2,100	340
41 Wholesale trade	145	125	20	1,295	1,010	285
44-45 Retail trade	735	310	430	5,615	2,680	2,940
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	260	210	45	2,340	1,765	570
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	25	460	220	240
52 Finance and insurance	130	40	90	1,110	325	790
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	50	45	555	325	230
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	225	95	130	1,665	810	860
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	20	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	85	110	1,675	920	750
61 Educational services	285	115	165	3,855	1,020	2,830
62 Health care and social assistance	585	75	515	6,685	865	5,820
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	10	50	665	295	370
72 Accommodation and food services	465	145	320	2,935	970	1,965
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	100	105	1,890	965	925
91 Public administration	230	95	135	3,935	1,525	2,415
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,020	2,695	2,325	43,885	22,545	21,340
Worked at home	170	75	100	1,965	850	1,115
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	80	65	10
No fixed workplace address	650	505	145	5,465	4,230	1,235
Worked at usual place	4,180	2,100	2,080	36,370	17,390	18,980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,180	2,100	2,075	36,375	17,390	18,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,185	1,480	1,705	31,695	14,810	16,885
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	905	565	345	1,150	500	645
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	50	25	3,380	1,940	1,440
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	145	140	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,830	2,605	2,220	41,840	21,625	20,215
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,770	2,020	1,745	36,520	19,225	17,300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	345	185	165	2,410	980	1,435
Public transit	260	180	80	810	315	495
Walked	310	120	190	1,340	575	760
Bicycle	80	60	25	165	110	55
Other method	60	40	20	590	420	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,830	2,605	2,220	41,840	21,630	20,215
Less than 15 minutes	3,380	1,615	1,770	11,035	4,900	6,130
15 to 29 minutes	765	435	330	15,810	7,875	7,935
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	65	9,440	5,140	4,300
45 to 59 minutes	185	175	0	3,130	1,885	1,245
60 minutes and over	355	305	55	2,420	1,820	605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,830	2,610	2,220	41,840	21,625	20,215
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	490	420	70	4,295	3,435	865
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	660	440	225	9,440	5,850	3,590
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,205	660	545	11,645	5,410	6,235
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,085	415	665	7,300	2,420	4,880
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	510	125	390	2,670	980	1,690
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	885	545	340	6,490	3,535	2,955
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,900	3,150	2,755	51,460	26,930	24,525
Single responses	5,875	3,140	2,730	49,170	25,940	23,235
Official languages	5,865	3,140	2,730	49,120	25,905	23,210
English	5,865	3,140	2,730	44,190	24,215	19,975
French	0	10	0	4,925	1,695	3,235
Non-official languages	10	0	0	55	30	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	55	30	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20	2,285	995	1,290
English and French	15	0	10	2,240	970	1,270
English and non-official language	15	10	10	30	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,900	3,150	2,750	51,460	26,935	24,525
None	5,855	3,140	2,715	36,910	20,125	16,790
English	0	0	0	3,175	1,185	1,985
French	10	0	10	11,240	5,555	5,690
Non-official language	40	10	25	120	55	60
Aboriginal	25	0	20	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	105	55	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,995	5,030	4,965	92,100	46,140	45,960
Non-movers	8,240	4,210	4,030	83,785	42,055	41,730
Movers	1,755	815	940	8,315	4,085	4,230
Non-migrants	1,140	560	585	5,945	2,915	3,030
Migrants	610	260	355	2,365	1,170	1,195
Internal migrants	545	235	310	2,245	1,105	1,140
Intraprovincial migrants	470	195	275	2,025	970	1,055
Interprovincial migrants	70	40	30	220	135	85
External migrants	65	20	45	120	65	60
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,540	4,725	4,815	88,305	44,155	44,155
Non-movers	5,410	2,695	2,715	61,550	31,160	30,390
Movers	4,130	2,035	2,100	26,755	12,985	13,765
Non-migrants	2,475	1,250	1,225	18,740	9,130	9,615
Migrants	1,655	780	875	8,010	3,860	4,145
Internal migrants	1,465	705	760	7,710	3,715	3,995
Intraprovincial migrants	1,165	550	610	6,905	3,280	3,620
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	145	810	440	370
External migrants	190	80	120	300	145	150

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Williams Lake [Population centre], British Columbia and Nickel Belt [Federal electoral district], Ontario