Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Zone 4 - Central Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia  Map : Zone 4 - Central [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	424,037	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	411,117	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.1	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	197,091	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	182,145	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	61.4	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,901.70	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	424,040	205,350	218,690	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	63,720	32,550	31,165	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	20,805	10,605	10,200	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	21,800	11,205	10,595	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	21,115	10,740	10,375	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	292,820	142,700	150,125	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	23,530	11,940	11,590	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	31,105	15,450	15,655	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	31,160	15,660	15,505	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	28,505	13,990	14,515	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	26,845	12,820	14,025	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	28,020	13,445	14,580	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	29,140	13,860	15,280	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	34,420	16,730	17,685	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	32,355	15,645	16,710	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	27,740	13,150	14,585	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	67,495	30,100	37,395	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	23,955	11,340	12,615	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	16,595	7,765	8,835	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	11,215	5,060	6,160	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	8,015	3,410	4,605	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	7,720	2,530	5,190	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	4,730	1,705	3,025	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	2,275	660	1,615	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	645	155	495	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	70	10	60	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.9	14.3	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.5	68.6	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	15.9	14.7	17.1	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.4	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.0	41.9	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	41.3	40.1	42.4	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	182,145	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	93,770	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	21,000	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	63,005	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	11,965	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	6,725	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,370	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	37,680	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	270	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	4,365	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	182,145	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	53,435	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	67,960	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	28,610	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	22,110	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	10,030	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	417,815	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	360,320	172,800	187,520	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	203,560	101,585	101,975	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	162,855	81,295	81,560	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	40,705	20,290	20,415	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	156,760	71,215	85,545	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	106,070	54,825	51,250	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	10,280	4,390	5,885	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	21,690	8,075	13,620	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	18,720	3,930	14,790	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	120,010	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	66,340	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	26,180	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	20,245	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	7,250	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	120,010	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	100,155	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	79,810	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	20,350	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	19,855	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	16,025	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	3,830	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	100,160	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	53,770	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	46,390	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	20,650	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	18,875	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	6,860	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	19,855	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	12,570	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	5,525	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	1,760	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	87,225	40,760	46,465	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	182,145	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	115,095	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	51,760	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	63,335	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,435	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	64,615	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	53,435	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	11,180	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	419,905	203,645	216,260	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	366,660	180,350	186,310	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	345	160	185	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	50,675	22,105	28,570	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	2,225	1,020	1,200	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	419,905	203,640	216,260	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	406,445	197,065	209,380	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	10,115	5,030	5,090	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	1,215	570	645	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	2,125	980	1,150	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	10,725	5,310	5,415	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.6	2.6	2.5	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	419,905	203,645	216,265	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	414,695	201,075	213,620	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	383,545	185,260	198,280	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	373,145	180,140	193,005	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	10,400	5,120	5,275	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	31,150	15,810	15,340	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	80	40	35	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	60	30	25	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	55	30	25	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	50	30	25	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	0	0	0	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	10	5	5	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	10	0	5	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	31,075	15,770	15,305	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,040	3,855	3,185	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	10	10	5	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	5	5	0	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	120	60	55	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	5	5	5	805	455	350
Oromo	55	35	25	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	50	20	30	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	365	195	170
Semitic languages	6,915	3,795	3,125	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	105	45	60	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	6,445	3,555	2,890	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	0	0	0	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	195	105	90	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	5	0	0	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	140	65	75	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	405	200	205	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	395	195	200	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	1,675	730	945	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	5	5	0	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	110	45	60	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	50	15	35	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,430	665	760
Malay	40	20	25	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	5	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	5	5	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,425	630	795	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	70	45	25	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	30	20	10	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	885	515	370	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	30	15	10	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	310	165	145	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	270	160	110	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	265	165	105	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	12,830	6,480	6,345	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	245	125	125	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	35	20	10	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	2,810	1,360	1,455	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	55	15	45	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	25	10	15	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	30	5	30	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	2,750	1,345	1,410	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	10	5	5	810	385	430
Bosnian	115	60	55	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	40	15	20	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	190	90	95	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	145	70	70	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	10	5	5	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	595	285	310	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	1,160	565	590	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	110	50	60	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	80	40	40	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	85	45	40	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	195	90	100	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	45	25	20	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	30	10	15	1,090	540	550
Welsh	15	10	5	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	2,170	1,035	1,135	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	80	40	40	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	100	65	40	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	530	255	270	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	5	5	0	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	1,250	570	675	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	35	20	15	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	75	40	35	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	65	25	35	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	10	5	5	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	525	280	240
Greek	660	335	325	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	4,300	2,350	1,950	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	2,945	1,645	1,300	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	435	265	170	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	170	110	60	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	660	395	265	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	10	5	5	565	300	265
Konkani	5	0	0	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	60	35	30	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	525	255	270	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	475	250	220	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	15	10	5	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	145	70	70	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	435	245	195	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	1,330	690	640	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	115	65	45	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	70	40	25	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	1,150	585	560	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	2,565	1,235	1,325	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	10	5	5	865	440	425
Italian	565	295	265	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	400	195	210	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	185	90	95	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	1,400	650	750	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	720	380	340
Japanese	255	65	185	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	1,715	910	805
Georgian	5	0	0	1,715	910	805
Korean	920	390	530	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	5	5	0	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	535	275	260	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	35	15	20	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	5	5	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	10	5	5	1,670	770	900
Ewe	30	20	10	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	5	5	5	920	445	470
Ganda	20	5	15	1,295	625	665
Igbo	30	20	15	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	5	0	0	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	5	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	45	15	30	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	25	15	10	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	120	60	65	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	0	5	0	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	50	30	20	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	120	65	60	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	65	35	30	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	15	5	5	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	120	60	60	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	55	25	25	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	65	30	30	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,525	2,765	2,765	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	5,510	2,755	2,755	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	935	435	500	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	20	10	15	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	3,955	1,980	1,975	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	45	50	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	25	15	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	445	260	185	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	5	0	5	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	10	0	5	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	90	40	55	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	10	0	5	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	85	35	55	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	390	210	180	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	10	10	5	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	255	135	115	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	5	0	5	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	110	60	50	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	245	105	140	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	25	15	15	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	45	15	30	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	175	80	100	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	5	15	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	5,210	2,565	2,645	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	1,810	830	975	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	3,065	1,570	1,495	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	175	95	85	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	160	75	85	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	419,905	203,645	216,265	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	411,550	199,435	212,115	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	395,035	191,045	203,995	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	391,305	189,215	202,095	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	3,730	1,835	1,900	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	16,510	8,390	8,120	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	20	10	5	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	15	10	5	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	10	5	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	15	10	5	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,495	8,380	8,115	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,205	2,215	1,990	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	0	0	0	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	0	0	0	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	75	35	40	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	5	5	5	620	330	285
Oromo	45	25	20	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	25	10	15	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	85	95
Semitic languages	4,135	2,180	1,950	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	55	25	25	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	3,860	2,045	1,810	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	0	0	0	735	335	400
Hebrew	115	65	50	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	100	40	55	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	255	130	130	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	255	125	130	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	900	435	465	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	50	20	30	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	10	5	5	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	5	0	0	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	825	405	425	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	30	15	15	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	400	225	170	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	10	5	5	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	130	75	55	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	130	70	55	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	125	75	50	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	5,535	2,785	2,755	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	110	55	50	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	20	10	10	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	1,280	630	650	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	20	10	15	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	5	0	5	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	10	5	10	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	1,260	620	635	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	0	0	0	230	105	120
Bosnian	65	35	30	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	20	15	10	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	55	25	35	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	40	20	15	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	0	0	0	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	180	80	100	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	740	365	370	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	60	30	30	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	25	10	15	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	45	25	20	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	670	310	360
Celtic languages	20	15	10	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	5	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	365	175	190	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	20	15	10	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	5	5	5	855	410	445
Dutch	45	20	25	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	245	120	125	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	25	10	15	270	120	150
Norwegian	10	5	5	345	145	200
Swedish	5	0	0	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	250	125	125	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	2,545	1,330	1,215	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	1,650	890	765	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	230	125	105	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	95	65	30	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	280	180	105	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	0	0	0	720	355	370
Marathi	25	15	15	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	475	235	235	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	205	100	105	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	0	0	0	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	40	40	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	250	125	120	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	895	445	450	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	85	45	40	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	35	15	15	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	780	380	400	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	955	450	510	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	5	0	5	355	165	190
Italian	135	55	70	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	160	75	85	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	60	30	30	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	600	285	315	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	85	25	55	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	620	275	345	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	0	0	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	145	70	75	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	5	0	10	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	15	5	5	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	0	0	5	345	160	185
Igbo	10	5	5	1,000	485	510
Lingala	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	10	1,530	670	865
Shona	0	5	0	1,035	475	560
Swahili	50	25	30	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	5	5	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	20	10	5	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	15	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	5	5	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	160	75	85	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	70	35	35	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	90	45	50	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,845	1,970	1,870	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	3,835	1,970	1,870	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	530	280	250	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	5	0	5	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	2,940	1,480	1,465	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	15	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	300	180	125	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	0	0	0	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	0	0	0	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	5	0	0	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	0	5	0	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	25	10	15	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	190	100	90	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	0	0	5	1,245	640	610
Turkish	125	65	60	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	70	40	30	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	455	230	225
Uralic languages	55	25	30	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	5	0	5	975	365	610
Finnish	5	0	5	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	45	20	25	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	8,355	4,210	4,145	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	1,170	540	635	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	6,860	3,505	3,360	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	65	40	25	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	260	130	135	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	419,905	203,640	216,260	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	390,635	189,495	201,140	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	9,295	4,745	4,550	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	8,620	3,775	4,850	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	10,730	5,345	5,385	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	110	50	60	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	10,620	5,290	5,325	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	120	50	70	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	190	90	100	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	310	145	165	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	354,230	170,175	184,055	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	340,060	163,325	176,735	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,805	42,631	30,683	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	340,175	163,345	176,830	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,545	36,730	27,598	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	307,490	150,440	157,045	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,619	41,532	28,896	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	235,620	98,990	136,630	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,739	4,313	4,900	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	254,540	127,560	126,975	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,041	40,039	29,331	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	354,230	170,190	184,040	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	340,300	163,300	177,000	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,070	54,603	38,196	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	340,415	163,330	177,085	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,263	43,158	31,827	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	307,560	150,550	157,010	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,567	54,662	36,847	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	236,230	98,725	137,505	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,039	6,962	7,094	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	254,555	127,710	126,840	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,762	51,472	35,998	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	354,230	170,190	184,040	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	130,560	70,455	60,100	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	51,392	57,820	45,446	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	61,069	68,552	52,297	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.3	92.2	85.6	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	71.1	73.8	67.5	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.7	7.8	14.4	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	354,235	170,175	184,055	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	14,175	6,850	7,325	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	340,060	163,330	176,730	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.0	96.0	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	46,450	20,360	26,090	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	52,970	20,135	32,835	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	45,695	18,030	27,665	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	42,405	18,365	24,040	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	36,995	17,215	19,780	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	28,385	14,985	13,395	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	21,900	12,685	9,210	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	18,150	10,495	7,660	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	14,305	8,405	5,905	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	8,955	5,800	3,155	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	23,865	16,860	7,010	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	16,405	11,300	5,105	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	7,460	5,560	1,900	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	354,230	170,175	184,055	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	14,055	6,835	7,225	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	340,175	163,345	176,830	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.0	96.1	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	48,645	20,765	27,880	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	56,605	21,775	34,830	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	56,160	22,875	33,280	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	53,175	23,885	29,290	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	41,290	21,455	19,835	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	29,665	17,295	12,370	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	21,890	12,815	9,075	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	12,105	7,850	4,255	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	20,645	14,625	6,015	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	6,685	4,535	2,150	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	4,035	2,795	1,240	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	9,925	7,295	2,630	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	354,235	170,175	184,050	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	99,690	42,620	57,075	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	254,540	127,560	126,980	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	71.9	75.0	69.0	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	32,210	14,755	17,455	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	20,460	8,825	11,640	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	33,750	14,690	19,055	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	29,380	12,990	16,395	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	28,525	12,475	16,045	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	24,990	11,560	13,435	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	19,455	10,405	9,055	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	15,705	9,250	6,455	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	14,205	8,200	6,005	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	35,855	24,420	11,435	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	11,605	6,850	4,755	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	6,930	4,700	2,230	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	17,315	12,865	4,450	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	182,145	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,015	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,884	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	53,435	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,675	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,319	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	128,710	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,953	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,485	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	182,155	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,068	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,640	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	53,490	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,363	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,214	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	128,665	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,407	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,537	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	182,145	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	3,860	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,215	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,225	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,720	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,215	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,900	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,955	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,880	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,870	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,670	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	14,420	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	13,430	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	12,835	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	11,560	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	9,935	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	55,445	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	19,430	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	13,155	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	13,510	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	9,350	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	182,145	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	4,015	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,280	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,310	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,220	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,430	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	8,630	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	9,875	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,760	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,575	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,245	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	17,665	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	16,515	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	14,120	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	11,920	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	9,925	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	36,665	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	17,250	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	9,160	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	10,255	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	119,590	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,425	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,392	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50,560	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,703	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,620	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	46,980	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,160	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,094	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	18,495	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,572	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,045	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	119,505	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,338	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,754	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	50,540	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,716	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,433	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	47,025	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,566	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,750	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	18,380	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,450	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,254	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	78,650	37,265	41,385	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,221	32,025	30,600	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,039	28,420	27,729	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	78,585	37,100	41,485	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,312	40,340	38,393	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	32,535	32,830	32,271	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	417,815	202,645	215,165	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	212,620	99,950	112,675	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	47,460	22,865	24,600	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	39,590	17,490	22,100	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	40,245	18,630	21,615	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	41,810	19,810	22,000	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	43,515	21,155	22,360	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	205,190	102,700	102,490	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	43,550	21,680	21,875	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	44,920	22,475	22,445	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	44,705	22,295	22,410	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	39,925	20,080	19,850	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	32,085	16,170	15,910	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	417,550	202,530	215,020	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	76,750	39,140	37,615	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	25,075	12,780	12,295	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	277,125	134,470	142,655	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	63,675	28,915	34,755	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	62,490	29,040	33,450	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	14,600	7,430	7,170	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	5,405	2,705	2,700	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	39,920	18,695	21,230	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	7,965	2,915	5,050	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.0	14.3	15.6	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	19.0	19.1	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	21.6	21.2	22.0	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	13.9	14.9	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	12.5	10.1	14.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	39,485	19,315	20,165	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	8,100	4,130	3,970	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	3,100	1,565	1,530	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	29,755	14,550	15,205	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	1,625	630	995	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.5	9.5	9.4	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	12.2	12.4	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.8	10.7	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.2	2.9	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	417,830	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	415,645	201,740	213,905	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	415,380	201,625	213,755	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	50,785	22,230	28,555	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	44,240	22,015	22,225	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	195	85	110	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	160	60	100	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	155	60	95	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	10	0	10	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	155	60	90	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	10	0	0	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	10	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	10	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	10	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	15	15	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	10	15	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	10	10	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	44,050	21,930	22,120	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,845	5,305	4,540	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	25	15	15	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	30	15	15	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	145	55	90	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	25	10	10	1,085	625	470
Oromo	35	20	20	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	75	20	55	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	480	220	265
Semitic languages	9,765	5,285	4,480	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	260	135	125	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	8,865	4,775	4,090	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	580	345	240	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	10	10	10	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	140	70	70	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	460	205	255	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	15	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	440	200	240	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	2,275	985	1,290	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	0	0	10	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	110	50	60	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	40	15	30	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	55	10	40	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	10	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	45	0	35	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,160	945	1,220	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	0	0	10	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	220	105	115	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	90	45	50	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	1,210	690	515	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	75	40	35	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	490	260	230	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	365	225	140	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	330	205	130	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	21,110	10,445	10,670	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	380	175	195	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	75	45	30	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	3,210	1,525	1,685	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	65	20	45	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	20	10	20	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	45	15	30	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	3,165	1,510	1,655	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	0	0	0	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	120	50	70	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	40	20	25	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	225	85	145	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	160	80	80	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	65	40	30	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	645	290	360	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	1,670	850	825	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	140	60	80	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	100	60	45	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	90	45	50	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	260	125	135	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	310	150	160	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	205	95	110	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	15	10	0	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	115	55	60	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	4,460	2,145	2,315	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	245	115	135	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	140	75	65	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	770	325	445	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	10	10	0	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	3,120	1,545	1,580	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	65	30	40	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	85	65	20	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	175	70	100	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	25	15	10	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	1,190	605	590	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	5,665	3,165	2,495	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	4,225	2,410	1,820	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	540	300	240	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	195	130	70	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	2,005	1,150	855	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	0	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	20	15	10	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	110	70	40	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	615	315	305	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	20	0	10	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	815	455	360	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	10	0	0	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	210	115	95	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	880	540	340	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	1,450	780	670	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	180	105	80	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	55	40	15	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	1,245	655	585	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	6,745	3,115	3,630	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	20	10	10	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	1,270	645	615	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	695	385	310	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	210	125	90	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	4,910	2,155	2,755	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	50	35	15	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	645	245	400	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	0	0	0	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	1,220	520	700	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	10	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	1,150	625	525	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	10	0	10	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	10	0	0	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	70	40	30	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	25	15	15	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	55	20	40	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	75	45	30	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	35	10	20	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	120	55	70	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	60	35	25	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	335	185	150	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	30	10	20	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	215	110	110	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	25	15	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	0	0	0	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	965	335	630	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	565	180	390	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	400	160	240	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,855	2,990	2,865	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	5,835	2,990	2,850	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	1,255	600	650	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	50	25	25	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	4,540	2,280	2,265	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	150	60	85	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	20	25	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	420	260	160	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	0	15	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	0	0	0	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	15	10	10	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	170	80	90	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	20	10	15	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	155	75	85	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	535	280	260	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	20	20	0	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	400	190	210	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	10	10	10	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	100	65	45	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	260	125	125	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	45	20	20	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	60	20	35	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	145	85	65	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	40	10	25	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	417,835	202,675	215,160	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	396,230	191,370	204,865	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	73,355	37,395	35,965	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	322,880	153,975	168,895	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	21,600	11,305	10,295	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	417,835	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	372,235	179,375	192,855	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	37,770	18,715	19,055	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	10,420	5,080	5,335	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	3,070	1,540	1,530	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	4,975	2,415	2,565	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	9,825	4,965	4,865	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	3,795	1,905	1,885	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	6,035	3,055	2,975	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	9,475	4,715	4,755	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	7,830	4,585	3,245	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	37,765	18,715	19,055	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	4,755	2,295	2,460	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	7,075	3,580	3,500	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	6,725	3,215	3,505	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	16,430	8,165	8,265	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	2,785	1,460	1,325	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	37,770	18,715	19,050	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	5,630	2,640	2,995	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	130	65	70	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	115	65	50	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	80	40	35	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	145	70	75	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	45	15	25	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	350	135	210	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	225	110	115	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	80	25	55	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	175	95	75	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,315	1,520	1,795	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	985	500	480	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	12,615	6,420	6,195	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	100	95	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	130	45	80	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	365	210	155	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	1,180	585	590	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	450	235	215	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	80	35	45	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	285	105	180	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	390	230	165	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	495	205	290	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	470	195	270	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	185	120	65	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	150	90	60	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	505	250	255	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	60	35	30	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	270	130	140	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	6,120	3,240	2,880	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	1,280	615	665	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	3,025	1,570	1,460	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	15	10	0	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	725	375	355	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	170	90	85	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	120	70	45	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	65	45	25	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	290	145	145	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	60	35	30	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	355	150	200	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	1,220	655	570	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	16,250	7,925	8,325	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	100	40	60	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	250	140	110	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,350	975	1,380	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	255	115	135	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	1,875	990	890	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	840	465	375	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	530	245	280	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	175	60	115	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	740	295	445	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	1,210	665	550	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	450	220	230	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	2,035	860	1,170	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	265	120	145	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,045	505	540	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	180	95	85	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	355	165	185	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	3,600	1,970	1,630	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	245	160	85	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	9,475	4,720	4,755	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	1,000	455	550	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	85	35	45	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	10	0	15	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	65	40	30	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	15	10	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	130	65	65	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	90	45	40	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	370	170	200	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	10	0	0	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	230	90	140	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	1,425	750	675	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	85	45	40	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	85	40	40	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	35	15	20	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	20	10	15	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	35	20	15	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	160	65	100	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	135	55	75	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	570	350	220	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	295	140	155	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	960	510	445	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	10	0	10	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	0	0	0	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	25	25	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	190	100	90	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	65	35	25	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	35	30	10	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	25	15	10	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	150	70	80	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	10	0	10	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	70	30	45	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	0	10	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	350	205	150	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	6,075	2,995	3,080	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	25	10	15	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	60	40	25	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	855	395	460	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	0	0	10	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	760	415	340	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	245	130	115	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	245	125	120	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	265	175	95	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	60	25	35	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	195	70	125	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	75	30	45	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	180	95	85	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	95	50	45	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	1,160	520	645	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	120	65	55	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	85	50	40	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	790	370	425	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	0	0	0	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	70	40	30	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	60	35	25	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	45	15	35	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	675	355	320	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	20	10	10	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	10	10	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	10	0	10	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	417,835	202,675	215,155	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	48,575	24,730	23,840	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	39,745	19,525	20,225	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	329,515	158,425	171,090	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	27,695	13,795	13,905	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	16,590	8,630	7,955	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	6,385	4,365	2,020	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	10,205	4,270	5,935	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	6,830	2,955	3,880	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	4,090	2,115	1,975	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	185	90	95	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	417,830	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	16,530	7,780	8,750	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	15,940	7,505	8,425	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	8,295	3,945	4,345	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	7,230	3,370	3,860	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	410	190	225	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	310	145	165	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	285	125	155	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	401,300	194,895	206,410	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	417,835	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	4,210	1,980	2,230	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	413,620	200,690	212,930	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	417,830	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	2,710	1,215	1,495	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	2,615	1,185	1,435	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,765	815	950	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	725	335	390	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	125	30	90	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	95	30	60	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	70	20	50	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	25,260	11,535	13,725	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	24,320	11,090	13,235	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	17,120	7,770	9,355	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,570	3,015	3,550	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	300	325	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	935	445	490	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	760	360	400	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	45	60	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	40	25	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	389,865	189,925	199,940	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	417,835	202,675	215,160	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	45,975	23,075	22,900	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	6,555	3,690	2,865	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	6,990	3,465	3,525	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	15,645	7,580	8,065	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	2,595	1,135	1,460	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	1,225	625	605	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	7,350	3,955	3,390	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	870	375	495	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	1,390	725	670	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	1,260	535	725	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	500	225	275	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	505	235	275	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	1,095	540	555	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	371,860	179,595	192,260	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	417,830	202,675	215,155	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	27,970	12,750	15,215	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	19,840	9,015	10,825	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	955	430	520	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	8,205	3,775	4,430	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	174,875	83,705	91,175	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	10,380	4,675	5,705	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	4,135	2,000	2,135	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	163,815	78,680	85,145	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	25	10	20	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	915	410	505	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	800	370	430	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	25	10	15	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	230	120	120	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	15	10	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	288,710	139,060	149,650	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	239,755	114,825	124,935	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	40	10	30	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	60	30	25	1,975	995	975
English	128,095	61,505	66,590	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	99,325	46,185	53,135	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	80	45	35	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	118,515	55,875	62,640	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	9,280	4,410	4,875	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	11,795	5,570	6,235	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	68,405	31,825	36,580	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	10	10	0	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	0	0	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	10	10	0	1,750	950	805
French	68,385	31,815	36,575	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	59,690	28,325	31,365	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	1,030	555	480	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	10	10	0	940	485	455
Belgian	1,055	520	535	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	13,885	6,315	7,565	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	65	50	15	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	15	0	15	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	47,645	22,640	25,010	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	15	10	10	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	1,405	725	685	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	95	60	30	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,305	3,965	4,335	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	2,025	950	1,075	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	620	260	360	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	415	180	235	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	2,855	1,420	1,435	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	1,990	910	1,085	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	705	385	320	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	16,490	8,195	8,295	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	180	85	95	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	135	70	65	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	715	390	320	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	160	70	85	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	255	130	125	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	1,430	745	685	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	255	100	160	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	605	275	330	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	10	10	10	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	5,995	2,945	3,045	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	715	360	365	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	3,045	1,435	1,610	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	365	220	145	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	5,295	2,705	2,590	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	190	85	105	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	17,105	8,165	8,945	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	255	140	120	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	120	55	65	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	0	0	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	470	215	250	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	25	20	10	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	2,435	1,240	1,195	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	8,380	4,075	4,300	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	240	115	130	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	95	55	45	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	245	105	145	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	15	0	0	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	2,385	1,130	1,255	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	190	85	105	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	10	10	10	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	105	45	60	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	2,750	1,195	1,555	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	200	95	105	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	35	25	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	3,720	1,885	1,830	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	100	40	60	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	1,515	735	775	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	70	50	15	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	20	15	0	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	2,045	1,050	995	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	3,660	1,785	1,880	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	80	45	35	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	195	90	100	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	415	215	200	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	155	85	75	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	45	35	10	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	275	125	150	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	120	60	55	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	20	10	10	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	85	25	65	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	1,335	655	680	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	10	20	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	10	10	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	0	10	0	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	55	20	35	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	60	20	40	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	250	145	110	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	20	0	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	495	250	235	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	285	135	145	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,080	1,055	1,020	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	145	75	75	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	0	0	0	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	50	30	20	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	10	10	10	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	40	25	15	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	215	115	100	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	80	55	30	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	235	125	110	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	30	10	20	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	30	15	10	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	55	40	20	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	270	125	145	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	55	35	25	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	35	25	10	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	60	35	25	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	465	230	240	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	40	15	25	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	10	0	15	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	0	0	0	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	145	65	75	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	85	55	30	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	15	0	15	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	60	40	20	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	150	80	70	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	12,850	6,195	6,660	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	1,075	560	515	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	0	0	0	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	15	10	10	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	0	0	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	0	0	0	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	10	0	10	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	25	20	0	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	170	80	85	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	0	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	10	10	975	495	475
Ghanaian	140	80	65	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	30	15	0	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	90	50	45	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	0	10	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	20	10	0	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	10	0	10	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	15	10	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	355	185	175	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	10	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	10	10	0	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	40	35	10	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	65	35	35	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	70	25	45	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	110	65	50	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	1,715	900	815	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	35	25	10	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	55	35	20	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	25	10	20	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	1,175	630	545	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	185	90	95	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	0	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	115	55	60	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	110	45	70	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	40	20	20	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	40	25	20	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	1,580	770	815	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	25	0	20	1,870	955	915
Amhara	10	10	0	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	10	10	0	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	0	0	0	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	145	75	70	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	250	105	145	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	140	85	60	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	20	0	20	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	10	0	0	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	30	15	15	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	95	50	50	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	0	0	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	165	80	85	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	400	185	220	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	55	35	15	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	15	0	10	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	60	20	35	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	75	35	45	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	85	55	30	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	110	65	50	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	8,655	4,055	4,600	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,500	695	805	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	7,235	3,400	3,840	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	33,785	17,155	16,625	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	13,905	7,205	6,700	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	230	75	150	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	1,385	720	665	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	225	130	90	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	0	0	0	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	20	20	10	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	20	15	10	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	0	0	0	1,515	810	705
Iranian	1,195	680	515	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	585	260	325	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	220	115	100	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	255	145	110	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	35	20	15	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	225	115	115	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	205	105	100	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	5,265	2,650	2,610	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	925	500	425	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	0	0	0	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	675	445	235	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	1,695	830	870	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	20	10	10	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	35	10	30	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	570	270	300	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	10	0	10	1,040	540	500
Uighur	10	10	10	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	90	60	25	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	205	110	95	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	770	405	370	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	6,885	3,880	3,005	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	210	125	85	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	55	35	20	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	205	85	120	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	5,035	2,855	2,180	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	10	10	0	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	10	0	0	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	10	10	0	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	425	215	210	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	470	290	175	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	165	80	90	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	10	0	10	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	290	135	155	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	55	25	30	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	395	240	150	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	12,955	6,085	6,870	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	15	0	10	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	15	40	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	7,625	3,715	3,910	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	2,700	1,205	1,495	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	95	50	50	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	610	255	360	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	0	0	0	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	1,315	555	755	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	15	10	10	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	50	20	30	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	30	10	25	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	0	0	0	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	180	85	95	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	180	60	120	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	10	0	0	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	585	260	325	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	50	35	20	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	295	140	155	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	300	140	155	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	565	275	290	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	290	135	150	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	195	110	85	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	90	30	55	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	10	10	0	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	0	15	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	40	15	25	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	15	10	10	1,530	725	805
Samoan	10	0	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	10	0	10	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	182,155	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	111,170	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	70,955	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	30	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	182,150	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	10,530	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	171,625	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	182,155	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	895	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	25,860	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	47,320	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	66,985	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	41,090	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	182,150	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	47,590	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	26,605	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	26,595	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	23,760	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	57,600	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	182,150	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180,790	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,355	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	182,150	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	176,005	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	6,145	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	182,150	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	37,925	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	51,930	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	28,250	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	25,830	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	13,580	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	13,175	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	11,460	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	182,155	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	169,765	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	12,385	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	182,150	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	103,645	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	73,860	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	4,650	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	182,150	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	9,200	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	28,935	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	30,230	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	36,285	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	35,650	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	24,835	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	12,865	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	4,150	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	181,345	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	136,375	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	44,970	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	38,165	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110,995	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.8	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	13.0	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,162	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,248	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	259,699	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	302,104	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	70,850	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.5	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	43.4	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	954	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,028	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	354,225	170,190	184,040	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	53,465	27,290	26,180	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	89,585	44,985	44,595	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	211,175	97,910	113,265	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	28,290	19,485	8,805	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	15,640	8,825	6,815	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	12,650	10,660	1,990	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	73,890	30,900	42,995	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,245	3,345	4,905	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	100,745	44,180	56,565	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	67,485	28,870	38,610	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	5,275	2,310	2,965	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,840	1,500	1,340	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	21,155	9,010	12,150	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	3,990	2,495	1,495	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	236,440	114,100	122,340	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,475	11,515	8,960	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	52,345	26,860	25,485	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	163,625	75,725	87,895	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,880	14,080	5,800	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	10,905	6,390	4,515	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	8,975	7,685	1,285	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	56,965	24,550	32,420	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,530	2,235	3,295	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	81,245	34,865	46,385	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	54,470	23,190	31,280	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,130	1,685	2,445	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,350	1,130	1,220	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	17,445	7,235	10,210	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	2,860	1,630	1,230	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	354,230	170,185	184,040	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	143,055	72,275	70,775	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	13,280	3,425	9,855	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	13,285	3,425	9,860	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,960	3,280	3,680	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,350	995	355	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	5,610	2,280	3,325	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	11,095	4,260	6,840	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	760	235	525	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	3,295	990	2,300	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,380	780	1,600	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	50	15	35	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	725	390	335	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	935	560	375	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	2,335	1,165	1,175	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	610	115	490	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	24,430	7,820	16,615	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	440	90	350	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,345	860	1,480	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,220	320	3,905	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	3,695	1,220	2,475	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	400	100	295	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	5,160	1,345	3,810	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	8,170	3,880	4,295	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	49,055	16,895	32,160	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	75	25	55	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,000	710	2,290	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45,975	16,165	29,815	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10,095	4,875	5,220	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	4,705	1,925	2,780	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,060	810	1,250	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	95	30	70	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	2,905	2,035	870	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	330	85	245	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	9,905	6,310	3,600	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,950	5,405	2,550	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	730	105	620	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,095	695	395	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	135	100	30	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	40,230	37,165	3,060	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	1,015	650	360	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	8,010	6,810	1,205	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,945	8,175	770	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	9,345	9,100	250	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,865	8,530	330	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	4,045	3,895	150	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,430	1,310	1,120	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,185	590	590	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,250	720	530	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	30,345	5,510	24,835	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,950	915	1,035	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	27,435	4,010	23,420	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	955	580	375	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,305	7,055	6,250	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	7,530	2,005	5,525	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	190	185	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	520	480	40	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	2,105	1,655	445	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,965	2,730	230	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	40	10	35	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	10	30	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	236,440	114,100	122,340	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	72,815	38,375	34,440	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	9,180	2,205	6,970	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	9,180	2,205	6,975	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,465	2,580	2,885	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	995	750	245	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	4,470	1,830	2,635	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	8,560	3,200	5,360	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	615	180	435	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	2,595	790	1,800	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,880	620	1,260	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	50	15	30	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	580	300	280	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	600	360	250	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	1,795	855	940	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	440	85	360	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20,135	6,200	13,935	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	370	70	300	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,015	715	1,295	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,445	260	3,185	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	3,220	940	2,280	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	310	70	235	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	4,150	1,070	3,080	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	6,630	3,065	3,560	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	37,700	13,195	24,505	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	70	15	50	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,445	570	1,875	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35,185	12,600	22,580	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,495	3,575	3,915	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	3,670	1,500	2,170	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,500	615	890	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	90	30	60	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	2,030	1,405	625	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	195	35	165	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	8,710	5,665	3,045	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	7,295	5,005	2,295	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	500	80	420	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	800	495	305	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	115	90	25	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	30,615	28,010	2,605	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	765	460	305	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	6,000	5,005	1,000	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	7,050	6,365	685	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	7,115	6,870	240	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,745	6,500	255	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	2,930	2,815	120	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,000	1,075	925	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	970	485	485	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,030	590	440	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	23,285	4,405	18,875	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,555	765	785	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	20,965	3,205	17,760	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	765	435	330	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	10,435	5,595	4,835	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	5,940	1,680	4,260	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	175	165	10	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	315	285	30	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	1,655	1,300	355	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,355	2,170	185	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	40	10	30	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	10	35	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	354,230	170,190	184,040	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	143,055	72,275	70,775	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	211,175	97,910	113,265	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	192,810	88,605	104,205	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	147,950	66,620	81,325	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	44,860	21,985	22,875	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	18,370	9,305	9,060	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	3,925	2,085	1,840	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	1,110	395	720	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	1,470	770	700	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	3,285	1,915	1,365	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	815	320	495	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	255	150	110	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	7,500	3,675	3,830	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	236,440	114,100	122,340	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	72,815	38,375	34,440	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	163,625	75,725	87,900	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	149,485	68,810	80,670	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	114,215	51,595	62,620	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	35,270	17,220	18,050	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	14,140	6,915	7,225	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	2,595	1,325	1,265	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	1,030	370	660	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	1,170	605	565	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	2,115	1,215	900	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	660	260	400	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	205	115	90	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	6,365	3,025	3,345	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	354,230	170,190	184,040	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	235,960	120,265	115,695	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	218,510	110,535	107,975	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	17,445	9,730	7,720	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	118,265	49,920	68,345	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	66.6	70.7	62.9	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	61.7	64.9	58.7	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.4	8.1	6.7	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	354,230	170,190	184,040	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	108,570	45,810	62,755	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	245,660	124,375	121,285	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	134,480	73,085	61,390	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	111,180	51,290	59,890	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.5	42.7	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	235,960	120,270	115,695	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,260	2,195	2,065	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	231,700	118,070	113,630	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	210,420	105,185	105,235	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	21,280	12,885	8,390	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	235,960	120,265	115,695	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,260	2,195	2,065	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	231,700	118,070	113,630	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	25,285	15,095	10,190	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	38,180	11,180	27,005	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	18,045	14,465	3,580	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	18,195	3,500	14,700	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	31,460	12,385	19,070	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,735	3,640	4,095	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	57,220	25,135	32,085	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	28,445	26,995	1,445	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,000	2,515	490	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,135	3,165	965	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	235,960	120,265	115,690	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	4,265	2,195	2,065	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	231,700	118,070	113,630	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,730	1,270	460	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,185	1,040	145	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,665	1,095	570	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	15,050	13,385	1,660	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	10,805	7,865	2,940	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	7,435	5,350	2,085	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	27,715	12,545	15,170	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10,445	7,970	2,485	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	6,420	3,670	2,760	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	10,655	4,320	6,335	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,495	2,515	1,975	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	18,085	10,145	7,940	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	240	90	150	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	12,170	7,130	5,040	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	18,295	6,200	12,100	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	30,350	5,595	24,760	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	5,020	2,575	2,445	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	16,680	6,990	9,695	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	9,290	4,020	5,270	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	23,955	14,300	9,655	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	218,510	110,535	107,970	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	14,310	6,930	7,380	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	1,065	735	325	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	23,515	17,350	6,160	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	179,620	85,520	94,105	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	179,620	85,520	94,105	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	168,125	79,330	88,795	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,800	630	1,170	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,790	4,285	3,500	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	1,905	1,275	630	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	203,135	102,870	100,265	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	144,445	76,875	67,560	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	14,795	5,460	9,335	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	23,050	9,990	13,055	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	16,220	7,630	8,595	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	1,970	1,315	660	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	2,660	1,600	1,060	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	203,135	102,875	100,265	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	51,020	23,240	27,785	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	81,170	41,980	39,185	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	44,635	23,715	20,925	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	15,315	7,805	7,515	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	10,995	6,140	4,860	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	203,135	102,870	100,265	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10,270	6,710	3,555	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	39,920	23,880	16,035	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	61,595	30,710	30,880	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	43,285	18,470	24,815	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20,100	8,775	11,330	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	27,960	14,325	13,645	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	252,185	127,380	124,805	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	250,660	126,745	123,915	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	249,920	126,345	123,575	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	248,370	125,945	122,425	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	1,545	395	1,150	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	735	400	340	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	740	400	340	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	115	40	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	110	40	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	10	0	10	200	95	100
Arabic	125	100	30	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	10	0	10	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	200	110	90	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	15	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	10	0	10	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	25	20	10	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	0	0	0	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	25	20	0	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	0	0	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	40	15	20	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	10	10	0	90	50	35
Dutch	0	0	0	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	25	15	15	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	10	10	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	20	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	20	20	0	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	0	0	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	0	0	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	20	15	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	0	0	0	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	30	10	15	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	20	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	40	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	0	10	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	30	10	20	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	40	15	20	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	25	10	15	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	30	10	20	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	0	25	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	15	0	10	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	0	15	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	155	125	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	280	150	130	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	60	35	25	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	200	105	100	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	15	0	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	0	0	0	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	10	0	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	1,525	640	890	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	930	335	595	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	560	285	275	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	252,185	127,380	124,805	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	241,600	122,230	119,365	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	1,355	465	890	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	7,135	3,625	3,515	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	1,930	970	965	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	35	15	25	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	1,890	950	945	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	10	0	0	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	155	95	65	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	413,850	200,730	213,120	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	353,205	171,235	181,975	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	60,640	29,495	31,145	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	42,565	20,730	21,830	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	18,080	8,765	9,320	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	13,070	6,270	6,800	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	4,950	2,230	2,715	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	8,115	4,040	4,080	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	5,015	2,495	2,515	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	397,045	192,165	204,875	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	241,255	116,455	124,805	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	155,785	75,720	80,070	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	101,680	49,285	52,395	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	54,110	26,430	27,675	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	39,330	18,720	20,610	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	14,330	6,530	7,800	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	25,005	12,190	12,815	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	14,775	7,715	7,065	1,381,460	682,625	698,835