Census Profile, 2016 Census
New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	New Brunswick Southwest New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]			Long Sault 12, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Map : New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	65,287	...	...	5	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	66,197	...	...	5^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	32,907	...	...	5	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	27,100	...	...	2	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.6	...	...	0.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9,911.43	...	...	33.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	65,280	32,270	33,015	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	10,310	5,215	5,100	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	3,210	1,640	1,575	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	3,575	1,840	1,735	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	3,525	1,735	1,790	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	42,390	21,020	21,370	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	3,685	1,905	1,785	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	3,140	1,670	1,470	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	3,075	1,495	1,580	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	3,400	1,635	1,765	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	3,850	1,865	1,985	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	4,150	2,015	2,130	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	4,575	2,295	2,280	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	5,615	2,725	2,885	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	5,540	2,770	2,775	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	5,360	2,645	2,715	x	x	x
65 years and over	12,585	6,030	6,545	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	4,665	2,370	2,295	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	3,150	1,600	1,545	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	2,130	1,040	1,090	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	1,320	565	750	x	x	x
85 years and over	1,320	455	865	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	820	310	515	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	375	125	255	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	105	20	85	x	x	x
100 years and over	20	0	15	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.2	15.4	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	64.9	65.1	64.7	x	x	x
65 years and over	19.3	18.7	19.8	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.6	x	x	x
Average age of the population	43.4	42.8	43.9	x	x	x
Median age of the population	46.1	45.8	46.5	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	23,300	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,910	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	345	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	165	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	380	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	960	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,875	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	6,575	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	11,145	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	4,315	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,490	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,575	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	64,285	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	54,970	27,055	27,915	x	x	x
Married or living common law	35,365	17,675	17,690	x	x	x
Married	29,970	14,975	14,995	x	x	x
Living common law	5,390	2,700	2,690	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	19,610	9,380	10,225	x	x	x
Never married	11,495	6,390	5,110	x	x	x
Separated	1,690	815	875	x	x	x
Divorced	2,975	1,395	1,585	x	x	x
Widowed	3,440	780	2,660	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	11,630	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	4,225	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,245	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,205	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	17,470	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	14,770	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	2,695	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,835	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	2,180	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	660	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,470	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	9,825	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	7,645	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	3,465	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,030	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,150	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,835	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	1,805	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	765	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	270	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,950	4,395	4,555	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	19,555	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,535	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,020	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	375	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,170	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	6,575	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	590	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	64,590	31,985	32,605	x	x	x
English only	56,185	28,360	27,825	x	x	x
French only	115	60	55	x	x	x
English and French	8,230	3,535	4,695	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	45	25	25	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	64,590	31,985	32,605	x	x	x
English	62,025	30,765	31,255	x	x	x
French	2,455	1,175	1,280	x	x	x
English and French	70	30	45	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,490	1,190	1,305	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.9	3.7	4.0	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	64,590	31,985	32,605	x	x	x
Single responses	64,230	31,815	32,410	x	x	x
Official languages	63,005	31,225	31,780	x	x	x
English	60,410	29,995	30,420	x	x	x
French	2,595	1,235	1,360	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,220	590	635	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	50	20	35	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	50	20	30	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	5	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	30	x	x	x
Malecite	40	10	25	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,175	575	600	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	50	25	30	x	x	x
Amharic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Arabic	45	20	25	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	15	10	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	195	75	120	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	5	x	x	x
Cebuano	40	15	20	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	10	5	5	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	55	80	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	5	5	x	x	x
Tamil	5	5	5	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	735	375	365	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	65	x	x	x
Baltic languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Latvian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	105	45	60	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	5	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	20	10	10	x	x	x
Russian	55	25	35	x	x	x
Serbian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	405	200	200	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	15	5	10	x	x	x
Dutch	140	75	65	x	x	x
Frisian	5	5	5	x	x	x
German	235	110	125	x	x	x
Icelandic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Swedish	10	5	10	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Sindhi	5	5	5	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	5	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	175	90	80	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Portuguese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Romanian	85	45	35	x	x	x
Spanish	65	30	30	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	5	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	40	25	15	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	5	5	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	x	x	x
Chinese languages	60	30	30	x	x	x
Cantonese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	45	25	25	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	5	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	5	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Estonian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	355	170	195	x	x	x
English and French	245	120	120	x	x	x
English and non-official language	105	45	65	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	5	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	64,590	31,985	32,605	x	x	x
Single responses	64,155	31,790	32,370	x	x	x
Official languages	63,680	31,565	32,120	x	x	x
English	62,520	30,990	31,535	x	x	x
French	1,155	575	585	x	x	x
Non-official languages	475	230	250	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Malecite	10	5	5	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	470	230	240	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	40	15	20	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	30	15	20	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	5	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	10	0	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	85	40	45	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	15	5	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	35	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	235	120	115	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	50	20	30	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Russian	35	10	15	x	x	x
Serbian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	85	45	40	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	25	15	10	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	60	30	30	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	5	5	5	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	10	0	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	85	40	45	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	5	x	x	x
Romanian	55	25	25	x	x	x
Spanish	25	10	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	35	15	20	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	5	5	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	x	x	x
Chinese languages	35	15	20	x	x	x
Cantonese	5	5	5	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	25	10	10	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	430	195	235	x	x	x
English and French	190	85	100	x	x	x
English and non-official language	235	110	125	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	5	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	64,585	31,985	32,605	x	x	x
None	61,900	30,780	31,120	x	x	x
English	810	390	425	x	x	x
French	1,365	595	770	x	x	x
Non-official language	470	205	265	x	x	x
Aboriginal	50	15	35	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	415	185	230	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
French and non-official language	30	10	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	53,985	26,625	27,360	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,545	25,470	26,080	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,136	40,945	25,559	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,580	25,475	26,105	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,119	36,060	23,790	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,650	23,285	22,365	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,803	38,917	22,609	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,730	16,095	20,635	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,925	8,681	7,169	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	37,100	19,410	17,685	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,136	39,781	24,310	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	53,875	26,565	27,310	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,575	25,535	26,040	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,175	48,764	31,750	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,615	25,545	26,075	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,819	40,208	27,561	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,705	23,420	22,285	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,240	46,797	29,248	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,795	16,220	20,570	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,815	9,209	8,504	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,890	19,390	17,495	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,126	46,875	30,540	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	53,880	26,570	27,315	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,665	9,855	7,810	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,054	55,445	40,360	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,924	62,273	45,653	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.6	88.1	79.3	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.5	65.0	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.4	11.9	20.7	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	53,985	26,625	27,360	x	x	x
Without total income	2,440	1,150	1,285	x	x	x
With total income	51,550	25,475	26,075	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.7	95.3	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,950	2,685	4,260	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	8,995	3,275	5,715	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,245	3,160	5,085	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,960	3,285	3,675	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,625	3,000	2,625	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,195	2,575	1,620	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,020	2,100	920	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,300	1,435	870	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,555	1,000	555	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	720	275	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,700	2,225	480	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	1,975	1,610	370	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	725	615	110	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	53,985	26,625	27,360	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,405	1,150	1,255	x	x	x
With after-tax income	51,580	25,475	26,110	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.7	95.4	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,260	2,750	4,510	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	9,505	3,475	6,035	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	9,825	3,955	5,870	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,295	4,190	4,100	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,195	3,715	2,475	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,980	2,675	1,300	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,680	1,685	995	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,505	1,100	405	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	2,340	1,925	410	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	790	630	160	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	525	445	80	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,025	850	175	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	53,985	26,625	27,360	x	x	x
Without employment income	16,885	7,215	9,675	x	x	x
With employment income	37,100	19,415	17,690	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	68.7	72.9	64.7	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,955	2,300	2,655	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,950	1,200	1,750	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	5,190	2,140	3,055	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,960	2,020	2,940	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,335	2,105	2,230	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,690	1,965	1,725	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,855	1,835	1,015	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,175	1,520	655	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,830	1,100	730	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,155	3,225	930	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,230	805	430	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	815	610	205	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,115	1,810	305	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,885	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,956	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,575	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,653	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,127	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	20,525	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,151	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,740	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,376	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,343	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,695	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,827	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,492	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	20,440	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,327	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,100	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	485	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	485	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,255	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,285	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,185	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,445	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,320	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,290	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,200	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,245	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,190	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,020	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,810	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,555	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,065	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,760	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,815	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,605	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	880	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	27,100	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	500	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	495	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,305	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,450	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,330	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,660	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,545	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,530	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,505	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,775	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,655	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,225	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,865	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,435	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,550	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,400	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,175	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	970	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,105	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,787	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,412	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,330	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,732	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,764	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,750	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,968	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,310	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,610	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,814	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,356	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,015	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,947	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,741	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,295	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,611	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,715	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,710	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,604	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,654	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,595	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,817	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,329	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,990	4,005	3,980	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,622	33,304	25,696	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,429	29,536	24,404	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,100	3,960	4,140	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,016	40,598	31,625	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,816	33,698	28,053	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	64,285	31,835	32,455	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,175	17,465	18,710	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	5,915	2,865	3,045	x	x	x
In the second decile	7,690	3,450	4,240	x	x	x
In the third decile	7,510	3,560	3,945	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	7,570	3,820	3,750	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	7,500	3,770	3,730	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	28,110	14,365	13,745	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	7,010	3,565	3,450	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	6,915	3,500	3,420	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	6,105	3,115	2,990	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	5,055	2,620	2,440	x	x	x
In the top decile	3,025	1,575	1,450	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	63,800	31,600	32,200	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	12,360	6,300	6,055	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	3,835	1,945	1,890	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	39,485	19,460	20,025	x	x	x
65 years and over	11,950	5,835	6,120	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,655	4,475	5,175	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,440	1,230	1,215	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	805	395	410	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	5,030	2,330	2,700	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,185	920	1,260	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	14.2	16.1	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.5	20.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	21.0	20.3	21.7	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	12.0	13.5	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	18.3	15.8	20.6	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,805	1,470	1,340	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	595	325	270	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	170	90	75	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,035	1,050	985	x	x	x
65 years and over	175	95	80	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.7	4.2	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.2	4.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.6	4.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.9	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.6	1.3	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	64,195	31,750	32,445	x	x	x
Official languages	64,140	31,720	32,415	x	x	x
English	64,020	31,660	32,365	x	x	x
French	8,220	3,630	4,590	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,780	845	930	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	100	40	60	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	100	35	60	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	100	40	60	x	x	x
Malecite	80	35	50	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	20	10	15	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	10	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,675	805	865	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	50	20	25	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	50	20	25	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	20	15	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	300	130	170	x	x	x
Bikol	10	0	10	x	x	x
Cebuano	80	45	40	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	10	10	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	10	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	115	165	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	10	10	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,065	505	555	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	135	60	70	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	135	60	75	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	30	20	15	x	x	x
Russian	80	40	40	x	x	x
Serbian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	460	215	250	x	x	x
Afrikaans	10	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	150	75	80	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	295	145	150	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Swedish	20	0	20	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	20	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	10	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	460	225	235	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	40	15	30	x	x	x
Portuguese	55	25	25	x	x	x
Romanian	95	55	40	x	x	x
Spanish	295	145	150	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	20	10	10	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	25	15	10	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	10	0	10	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	115	45	70	x	x	x
American Sign Language	45	15	30	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	20	x	x	x
Chinese languages	50	35	20	x	x	x
Cantonese	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	45	25	20	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	30	20	15	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	10	0	10	x	x	x
Hungarian	20	0	10	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	64,190	31,750	32,445	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	62,680	30,995	31,680	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,305	6,220	6,085	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	50,375	24,775	25,595	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,515	750	765	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	64,190	31,745	32,450	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	60,850	30,165	30,685	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,155	1,480	1,680	x	x	x
Before 1981	1,550	710	840	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	310	135	175	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	320	160	160	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	550	290	265	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	145	70	70	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	410	220	195	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	425	180	245	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	180	100	80	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,160	1,480	1,680	x	x	x
Under 5 years	575	270	305	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	585	285	300	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	630	270	360	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	1,060	490	570	x	x	x
45 years and over	315	165	145	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,155	1,480	1,675	x	x	x
Americas	1,395	625	770	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
El Salvador	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyana	10	0	15	x	x	x
Haiti	10	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	10	10	0	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peru	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,300	580	720	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	30	x	x	x
Europe	1,305	645	660	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatia	0	0	0	x	x	x
France	25	15	15	x	x	x
Germany	195	85	110	x	x	x
Greece	10	0	0	x	x	x
Hungary	15	10	10	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	x	x	x
Italy	0	10	0	x	x	x
Netherlands	120	65	55	x	x	x
Poland	10	10	10	x	x	x
Portugal	15	10	10	x	x	x
Romania	85	40	40	x	x	x
Russian Federation	30	15	15	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	10	0	10	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	680	325	350	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	80	40	40	x	x	x
Africa	25	10	15	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenya	10	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	10	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	0	x	x	x
Asia	400	180	220	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	10	30	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	0	x	x	x
India	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	20	10	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	250	100	145	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	20	20	10	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	15	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	425	180	245	x	x	x
Americas	75	35	40	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	35	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	x	x	x
Europe	115	55	65	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	0	0	10	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	35	15	15	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	10	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	10	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	25	20	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	x	x	x
Africa	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	x	x	x
Asia	225	90	140	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	15	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	175	70	110	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	20	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Australia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	64,195	31,750	32,450	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,805	1,795	2,015	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,135	2,495	2,635	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,250	27,455	27,795	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,665	800	860	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	875	435	435	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	365	250	115	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	510	190	320	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	725	340	380	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	55	20	35	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	64,195	31,745	32,445	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,925	955	975	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,895	945	950	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,420	720	700	x	x	x
Métis	455	215	240	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	15	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	0	20	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	62,260	30,795	31,475	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	64,190	31,745	32,445	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,005	525	475	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	63,190	31,220	31,970	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	64,190	31,750	32,445	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	715	340	380	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	710	335	375	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	655	310	345	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	45	15	30	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,875	1,440	1,435	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,810	1,420	1,390	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,335	1,170	1,165	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	445	245	205	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	20	45	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	20	40	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	60,600	29,970	30,635	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	64,195	31,750	32,445	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	895	430	465	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	30	15	x	x	x
Chinese	80	40	40	x	x	x
Black	260	125	130	x	x	x
Filipino	315	140	175	x	x	x
Latin American	45	20	25	x	x	x
Arab	25	10	20	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	20	10	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Korean	30	20	10	x	x	x
Japanese	15	0	10	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	15	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	15	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	63,295	31,320	31,980	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	64,195	31,750	32,445	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	3,585	1,780	1,810	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,065	1,505	1,560	x	x	x
Inuit	35	15	20	x	x	x
Métis	565	285	285	x	x	x
Other North American origins	34,185	17,025	17,165	x	x	x
Acadian	740	370	370	x	x	x
American	1,150	575	570	x	x	x
Canadian	33,315	16,610	16,710	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	25	10	20	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ontarian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Québécois	40	20	20	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	41,840	20,550	21,290	x	x	x
British Isles origins	36,325	17,760	18,560	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	0	0	0	x	x	x
English	20,910	10,075	10,835	x	x	x
Irish	16,190	7,635	8,555	x	x	x
Manx	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish	16,330	7,765	8,565	x	x	x
Welsh	1,290	585	705	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,215	620	600	x	x	x
French origins	9,245	4,580	4,660	x	x	x
Alsatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	9,240	4,575	4,660	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,740	2,800	2,935	x	x	x
Austrian	90	70	25	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	135	60	75	x	x	x
Dutch	2,100	950	1,145	x	x	x
Flemish	20	15	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	3,635	1,790	1,845	x	x	x
Luxembourger	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swiss	135	65	65	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,275	610	665	x	x	x
Danish	465	230	240	x	x	x
Finnish	70	25	45	x	x	x
Icelandic	25	10	15	x	x	x
Norwegian	465	235	225	x	x	x
Swedish	220	120	100	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	15	50	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	1,515	740	775	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Byelorussian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	55	35	20	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	10	25	x	x	x
Estonian	45	20	25	x	x	x
Hungarian	210	90	120	x	x	x
Latvian	30	25	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moldovan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Polish	420	195	225	x	x	x
Romanian	175	90	85	x	x	x
Russian	240	95	140	x	x	x
Slovak	30	15	20	x	x	x
Ukrainian	450	240	215	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Southern European origins	1,090	510	580	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	85	45	40	x	x	x
Italian	570	255	315	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	10	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	185	75	115	x	x	x
Serbian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Sicilian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Spanish	205	115	85	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	15	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	205	115	90	x	x	x
Basque	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	75	45	35	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	120	65	55	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	170	85	80	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Bermudan	20	10	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	15	0	10	x	x	x
Dominican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaican	25	25	10	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	15	10	15	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	15	25	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	95	40	55	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Brazilian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Guatemalan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Guyanese	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hispanic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Salvadorean	10	10	0	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	x	x	x
African origins	180	85	100	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	10	0	0	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Sudanese	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaner	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	10	0	0	x	x	x
South African	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	160	70	90	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	145	70	80	x	x	x
Asian origins	790	390	395	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	220	120	100	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	20	10	15	x	x	x
Iraqi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israeli	10	0	0	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	140	85	55	x	x	x
Palestinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syrian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	10	0	0	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	60	40	20	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	50	45	10	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	10	x	x	x
Pakistani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	495	225	275	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese	100	40	65	x	x	x
Filipino	325	140	185	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	25	0	20	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	30	20	10	x	x	x
Laotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	20	20	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Oceania origins	65	20	45	x	x	x
Australian	35	15	20	x	x	x
New Zealander	35	15	20	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maori	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	23,695	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	3,280	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	150	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	130	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	27,000	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	1,595	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,150	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,245	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,110	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,620	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	4,520	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	4,750	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	4,690	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,545	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	27,020	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	26,540	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	595	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	7,240	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,030	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,335	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,760	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,575	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,685	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,500	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	24,510	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,620	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	16,045	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,865	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	225	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	27,130	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	560	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,875	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,295	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,455	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,065	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,720	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,305	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	860	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	26,630	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,420	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,205	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,835	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,425	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.2	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	654	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,272	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	178,132	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,270	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.2	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.9	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	649	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	670	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	53,880	26,570	27,315	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,355	5,580	4,770	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,460	7,790	8,670	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,065	13,200	13,870	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,590	4,235	1,355	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,565	1,520	1,050	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,020	2,715	310	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,685	5,095	7,585	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	930	320	605	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,870	3,545	4,320	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	5,740	2,480	3,260	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	155	280	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	95	55	x	x	x
Master's degree	1,295	635	665	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	180	50	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	35,025	17,205	17,820	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,085	2,485	1,600	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,015	5,330	5,685	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,920	9,390	10,535	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,710	2,845	870	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,655	960	695	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,060	1,885	170	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,625	3,875	5,750	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	535	205	330	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,050	2,465	3,590	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	4,545	1,835	2,710	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	85	255	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	50	50	x	x	x
Master's degree	930	395	540	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	95	35	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	53,875	26,565	27,315	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,815	13,370	13,445	x	x	x
Education	2,015	570	1,450	x	x	x
13. Education	2,020	565	1,450	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	190	250	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	80	20	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	345	110	235	x	x	x
Humanities	1,135	520	615	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	185	40	145	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	85	155	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	70	30	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	285	160	125	x	x	x
54. History	220	135	90	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	45	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,825	450	1,370	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	20	65	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	515	15	500	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	300	65	235	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	35	x	x	x
42. Psychology	355	100	255	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	515	240	270	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	5,720	1,285	4,435	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	10	40	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	520	70	455	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,150	1,205	3,940	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	750	425	325	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	370	170	205	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	100	70	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	140	115	25	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	35	20	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	930	560	370	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	860	530	325	x	x	x
25. Library science	20	0	20	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	20	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,235	6,865	375	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	15	x	x	x
14. Engineering	785	715	75	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,200	1,060	140	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	2,200	2,165	35	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,110	2,045	70	x	x	x
48. Precision production	910	865	45	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	745	515	235	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	430	240	190	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	315	275	40	x	x	x
Health and related fields	4,080	560	3,530	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	105	130	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	3,790	405	3,380	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	50	15	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,185	1,265	920	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,010	190	815	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	10	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	50	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	410	345	65	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	695	665	35	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	35,020	17,205	17,815	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,100	7,820	7,285	x	x	x
Education	1,265	305	960	x	x	x
13. Education	1,270	305	960	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	130	205	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	50	10	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	280	85	195	x	x	x
Humanities	855	370	485	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	15	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	125	30	95	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	65	130	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	55	30	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	120	105	x	x	x
54. History	170	100	75	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	50	10	40	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,465	315	1,150	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	20	60	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	405	10	395	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	250	35	220	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	x	x	x
42. Psychology	315	80	230	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	390	165	225	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	4,240	935	3,305	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	10	40	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	395	65	325	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,800	860	2,940	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	535	270	265	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	295	115	175	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	65	55	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	80	60	15	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	30	20	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	815	495	320	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	755	470	285	x	x	x
25. Library science	20	0	15	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	15	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,105	4,810	300	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	x	x	x
14. Engineering	555	490	65	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	910	795	115	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	1,530	1,500	30	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,430	1,375	50	x	x	x
48. Precision production	670	645	20	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	620	405	210	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	375	200	180	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	210	35	x	x	x
Health and related fields	3,080	410	2,665	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	85	95	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	2,865	310	2,560	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	25	15	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,600	940	655	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	690	120	570	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	10	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	300	240	55	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	555	525	30	x	x	x
Other	10	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	53,880	26,565	27,315	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,815	13,365	13,445	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,065	13,195	13,865	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	25,545	12,445	13,100	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	20,245	9,680	10,565	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	5,305	2,770	2,535	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,520	755	765	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	735	360	375	x	x	x
Philippines	135	45	90	x	x	x
India	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	160	165	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	x	x	x
France	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other	305	180	125	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	35,025	17,205	17,820	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,100	7,820	7,285	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,920	9,385	10,535	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	18,955	8,975	9,985	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	14,980	6,995	7,985	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	3,980	1,980	2,000	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	965	410	550	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	170	275	x	x	x
Philippines	135	35	95	x	x	x
India	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	75	80	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	0	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other	220	130	95	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	53,880	26,565	27,310	x	x	x
In the labour force	33,240	17,560	15,685	x	x	x
Employed	29,575	15,310	14,265	x	x	x
Unemployed	3,670	2,245	1,420	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	20,635	9,010	11,630	x	x	x
Participation rate	61.7	66.1	57.4	x	x	x
Employment rate	54.9	57.6	52.2	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	11.0	12.8	9.1	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	53,880	26,565	27,315	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	18,680	7,915	10,760	x	x	x
Worked	35,205	18,650	16,550	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,010	10,075	7,935	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	17,190	8,580	8,610	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.4	41.8	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	33,240	17,555	15,685	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	290	265	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	32,685	17,265	15,420	x	x	x
Employee	29,520	15,210	14,310	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,165	2,050	1,110	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	33,240	17,555	15,685	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	295	265	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	32,680	17,265	15,420	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	3,100	1,825	1,275	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,215	985	3,230	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,820	1,390	425	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	2,410	315	2,090	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,915	1,425	2,490	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	385	135	250	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	6,675	2,450	4,225	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,895	5,595	295	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,120	1,800	325	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,145	1,345	810	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	33,240	17,555	15,685	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	555	295	265	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	32,680	17,260	15,415	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,485	1,945	545	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	370	340	25	x	x	x
22 Utilities	530	400	130	x	x	x
23 Construction	2,675	2,410	270	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	3,495	2,330	1,165	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	850	625	230	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	3,430	1,440	1,995	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,680	1,160	525	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	385	205	180	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	740	165	575	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	340	175	160	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,405	750	660	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,265	715	545	x	x	x
61 Educational services	1,970	675	1,290	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	4,015	445	3,565	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	450	225	225	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	1,755	595	1,170	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,560	790	770	x	x	x
91 Public administration	3,255	1,860	1,390	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	29,575	15,310	14,265	x	x	x
Worked at home	2,100	1,050	1,050	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	155	105	50	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	4,075	3,120	960	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	23,245	11,040	12,205	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	23,245	11,040	12,205	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,675	2,125	2,545	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,210	5,120	6,090	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,040	3,530	3,505	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	315	260	60	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	27,320	14,160	13,165	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,045	12,615	11,430	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,995	855	1,140	x	x	x
Public transit	215	150	70	x	x	x
Walked	685	300	390	x	x	x
Bicycle	20	10	0	x	x	x
Other method	355	235	125	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	27,320	14,160	13,165	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	8,665	4,100	4,560	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	10,310	5,325	4,985	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	4,955	2,680	2,270	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	1,835	985	850	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	1,555	1,060	495	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	27,320	14,160	13,165	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,725	1,270	450	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,780	3,615	2,170	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,790	4,950	4,835	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,525	1,720	2,805	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,855	550	1,305	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,655	2,050	1,600	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	36,205	19,085	17,115	x	x	x
Single responses	35,880	18,955	16,925	x	x	x
Official languages	35,865	18,940	16,925	x	x	x
English	35,620	18,860	16,755	x	x	x
French	245	80	165	x	x	x
Non-official languages	15	15	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	10	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cantonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	330	140	195	x	x	x
English and French	285	110	175	x	x	x
English and non-official language	45	30	20	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	36,205	19,090	17,120	x	x	x
None	34,250	18,270	15,980	x	x	x
English	195	65	130	x	x	x
French	1,625	685	935	x	x	x
Non-official language	135	65	65	x	x	x
Aboriginal	15	10	15	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	115	60	55	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	63,530	31,380	32,150	x	x	x
Non-movers	57,915	28,730	29,180	x	x	x
Movers	5,620	2,650	2,970	x	x	x
Non-migrants	2,420	1,160	1,260	x	x	x
Migrants	3,200	1,485	1,710	x	x	x
Internal migrants	3,015	1,425	1,595	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,070	950	1,120	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	950	475	480	x	x	x
External migrants	180	65	115	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	60,905	30,020	30,880	x	x	x
Non-movers	44,685	22,190	22,495	x	x	x
Movers	16,215	7,835	8,385	x	x	x
Non-migrants	7,310	3,610	3,695	x	x	x
Migrants	8,910	4,220	4,690	x	x	x
Internal migrants	8,415	4,005	4,410	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	5,925	2,760	3,155	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	2,495	1,240	1,255	x	x	x
External migrants	490	215	280	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Long Sault 12, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
New Brunswick Southwest [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Long Sault 12, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario