Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Westfield, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Courtenay British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,962	...	...	45,018	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,108	...	...	43,346^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-6.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	952	...	...	20,903	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	811	...	...	20,266	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.6	...	...	811.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	295.70	...	...	55.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,965	1,010	950	45,020	21,345	23,675
0 to 14 years	275	160	120	6,335	3,275	3,060
0 to 4 years	80	50	30	1,910	950	955
5 to 9 years	95	50	40	2,240	1,185	1,055
10 to 14 years	105	55	45	2,190	1,135	1,055
15 to 64 years	1,340	675	670	26,490	12,475	14,015
15 to 19 years	105	65	40	2,365	1,175	1,190
20 to 24 years	90	40	50	2,010	1,035	975
25 to 29 years	110	55	55	1,875	925	945
30 to 34 years	90	50	40	2,290	1,100	1,185
35 to 39 years	95	50	45	2,310	1,120	1,190
40 to 44 years	140	75	65	2,475	1,170	1,300
45 to 49 years	150	65	90	2,670	1,195	1,475
50 to 54 years	195	95	95	3,375	1,565	1,810
55 to 59 years	190	95	95	3,530	1,605	1,925
60 to 64 years	175	85	90	3,615	1,580	2,030
65 years and over	345	180	165	12,190	5,595	6,600
65 to 69 years	155	80	75	3,790	1,750	2,040
70 to 74 years	85	45	35	2,970	1,410	1,560
75 to 79 years	55	30	20	2,155	1,040	1,120
80 to 84 years	20	10	10	1,635	765	870
85 years and over	25	10	20	1,635	630	1,005
85 to 89 years	15	5	10	995	420	575
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	510	175	335
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	125	35	90
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	15.8	12.6	14.1	15.3	12.9
15 to 64 years	68.2	66.8	70.5	58.8	58.4	59.2
65 years and over	17.6	17.8	17.4	27.1	26.2	27.9
85 years and over	1.3	1.0	2.1	3.6	3.0	4.2
Average age of the population	43.7	42.7	44.6	46.8	45.6	47.9
Median age of the population	47.1	45.8	48.1	50.4	48.7	51.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	815	...	...	20,265	...	...
Single-detached house	715	...	...	12,105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25	...	...	7,390	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,390	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,430	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	3,050	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	70	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	810	...	...	20,265	...	...
1 person	185	...	...	6,290	...	...
2 persons	345	...	...	8,435	...	...
3 persons	140	...	...	2,605	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	1,980	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	955	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,930	...	...	44,100	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,685	850	830	38,685	18,070	20,615
Married or living common law	1,115	560	555	23,010	11,430	11,585
Married	930	465	465	18,955	9,420	9,540
Living common law	185	95	95	4,055	2,005	2,045
Not married and not living common law	565	295	270	15,670	6,640	9,035
Never married	355	215	140	8,250	4,390	3,865
Separated	55	25	25	1,255	500	755
Divorced	75	30	40	3,320	1,135	2,185
Widowed	85	20	70	2,850	620	2,235
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	635	...	...	13,360	...	...
2 persons	370	...	...	8,470	...	...
3 persons	140	...	...	2,395	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	1,805	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	690	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	635	...	...	13,360	...	...
Total couple families	560	...	...	11,275	...	...
Married couples	465	...	...	9,245	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	2,025	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	75	...	...	2,085	...	...
Female parent	55	...	...	1,670	...	...
Male parent	25	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	11,270	...	...
Couples without children	325	...	...	7,140	...	...
Couples with children	235	...	...	4,130	...	...
1 child	120	...	...	1,800	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	1,675	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	655	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	2,085	...	...
1 child	45	...	...	1,325	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	595	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	240	130	110	9,105	3,950	5,155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	810	...	...	20,265	...	...
One-census-family households	600	...	...	12,945	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	305	...	...	6,945	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	290	...	...	6,000	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	205	...	...
Non-census-family households	195	...	...	7,120	...	...
One-person households	185	...	...	6,285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	15	...	...	825	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,930	990	940	44,495	21,140	23,355
English only	1,690	895	795	39,990	19,085	20,905
French only	0	0	5	45	20	30
English and French	245	100	145	4,310	1,970	2,335
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	150	65	85
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,935	990	940	44,495	21,140	23,355
English	1,875	965	910	43,165	20,480	22,685
French	55	25	30	1,145	575	570
English and French	5	5	0	55	30	30
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	135	60	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	60	25	30	1,170	590	580
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.1	2.5	3.2	2.6	2.8	2.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,930	990	940	44,495	21,140	23,355
Single responses	1,930	990	940	44,105	20,975	23,130
Official languages	1,915	985	930	41,050	19,635	21,415
English	1,850	955	895	39,850	19,040	20,810
French	65	30	35	1,200	595	605
Non-official languages	10	5	10	3,055	1,340	1,715
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	3,035	1,335	1,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	80	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	80	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	205	60	145
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	45	105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	10	1,880	860	1,025
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	325	135	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	320	130	190
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	35	35
Russian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	1,035	450	590
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	20	25
Danish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Dutch	0	0	5	245	105	140
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	5	0	5	625	265	365
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	175	105	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	150	90	60
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	50	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	305	140	160
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Spanish	0	0	0	155	65	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	80	25	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	60	80
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	355	150	205
Chinese languages	0	0	0	350	150	200
Cantonese	0	0	0	185	75	110
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	125	55	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	50	20	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	390	170	225
English and French	5	5	5	145	60	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	235	100	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,935	990	940	44,500	21,145	23,350
Single responses	1,920	985	935	43,990	20,935	23,060
Official languages	1,920	990	935	43,050	20,505	22,545
English	1,910	975	930	42,640	20,305	22,340
French	15	10	5	415	205	210
Non-official languages	0	0	5	935	425	510
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	935	430	510
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	60	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	75	25	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	70	25	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	335	160	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	20	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Spanish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	90	110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	35	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	505	210	295
English and French	10	5	5	90	40	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	405	160	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,935	990	945	44,495	21,145	23,355
None	1,880	970	915	41,970	20,005	21,965
English	5	0	0	585	270	315
French	35	15	25	740	325	415
Non-official language	5	0	5	1,150	515	635
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	1,130	510	625
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,650	830	825	37,770	17,735	20,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,575	795	790	36,625	17,215	19,410
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,253	43,179	26,923	33,251	43,004	26,801
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,575	790	785	36,685	17,240	19,440
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,482	38,315	24,781	29,864	37,884	24,781
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,380	730	655	33,380	16,030	17,350
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,088	40,032	27,680	28,384	37,217	21,622
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,070	490	585	27,600	11,840	15,760
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,680	9,376	6,288	9,296	10,808	8,465
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,145	600	550	25,745	12,975	12,770
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,712	43,968	30,432	24,110	29,397	20,625
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,655	845	810	37,860	17,845	20,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,595	835	765	36,810	17,385	19,425
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,247	50,974	32,749	41,563	50,456	33,602
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,600	830	765	36,875	17,400	19,475
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,428	41,704	28,597	35,570	42,383	29,481
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,375	760	615	33,540	16,190	17,355
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,733	50,035	33,712	38,007	46,999	29,620
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,070	505	570	27,765	12,085	15,675
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,113	8,738	7,562	9,186	9,636	8,838
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,145	625	515	25,815	13,050	12,765
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,399	53,261	33,570	34,056	39,813	28,171
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,655	845	810	37,865	17,845	20,020
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	655	365	295	8,655	4,720	3,935
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,840	51,500	39,173	49,200	56,508	43,035
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,833	61,087	42,642	54,985	60,696	48,129
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.4	88.3	83.5	83.4	87.0	78.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.5	76.3	72.0	58.1	61.0	54.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.5	11.5	16.6	16.6	13.0	21.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,655	830	825	37,775	17,735	20,035
Without total income	75	40	40	1,145	520	625
With total income	1,580	795	785	36,625	17,215	19,410
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.8	95.2	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	205	70	135	4,440	1,670	2,775
$10,000 to $19,999	245	90	155	6,615	2,205	4,415
$20,000 to $29,999	250	105	150	5,640	2,085	3,555
$30,000 to $39,999	205	95	115	4,895	2,045	2,850
$40,000 to $49,999	195	105	90	4,010	2,015	1,995
$50,000 to $59,999	120	75	40	2,995	1,720	1,275
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	35	2,355	1,535	820
$70,000 to $79,999	65	40	25	1,735	1,135	600
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	10	1,185	770	415
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	10	775	525	250
$100,000 and over	105	80	20	1,985	1,520	465
$100,000 to $149,999	85	65	20	1,400	1,060	335
$150,000 and over	20	20	5	585	455	125
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,655	830	825	37,775	17,735	20,040
Without after-tax income	80	35	40	1,085	495	595
With after-tax income	1,575	795	785	36,685	17,240	19,445
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.8	95.2	97.1	97.2	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	70	140	4,785	1,775	3,005
$10,000 to $19,999	265	95	175	6,935	2,380	4,550
$20,000 to $29,999	300	140	160	6,715	2,565	4,150
$30,000 to $39,999	255	120	135	5,490	2,455	3,035
$40,000 to $49,999	195	120	80	4,240	2,305	1,935
$50,000 to $59,999	120	75	45	3,065	1,960	1,105
$60,000 to $69,999	70	45	25	2,050	1,345	705
$70,000 to $79,999	70	55	15	1,260	850	410
$80,000 and over	85	65	20	2,145	1,605	540
$80,000 to $89,999	30	25	10	760	545	215
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	455	350	105
$100,000 and over	30	25	10	930	710	220
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,650	830	825	37,775	17,735	20,035
Without employment income	510	235	275	12,030	4,760	7,265
With employment income	1,145	600	545	25,740	12,975	12,770
Percentage with employment income	69.4	72.3	66.1	68.1	73.2	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	135	65	65	6,115	3,150	2,975
$5,000 to $9,999	65	25	45	2,075	805	1,270
$10,000 to $19,999	150	60	90	3,415	1,400	2,020
$20,000 to $29,999	130	60	70	2,975	1,200	1,775
$30,000 to $39,999	155	65	85	2,490	1,030	1,455
$40,000 to $49,999	130	55	70	1,990	935	1,060
$50,000 to $59,999	95	60	30	1,650	915	735
$60,000 to $69,999	70	40	30	1,390	920	465
$70,000 to $79,999	65	35	20	1,085	690	395
$80,000 and over	160	125	35	2,555	1,930	625
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	785	530	255
$90,000 to $99,999	40	35	10	485	355	130
$100,000 and over	90	70	20	1,290	1,050	240
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	815	...	...	20,265	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,504	...	...	62,619	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,360	...	...	55,617	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	185	...	...	6,290	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,192	...	...	34,534	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,392	...	...	30,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	630	...	...	13,975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,328	...	...	78,462	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	69,251	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	810	...	...	20,310	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,236	...	...	75,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,801	...	...	64,585	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	6,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,160	...	...	43,032	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,126	...	...	36,863	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...	13,960	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,462	...	...	90,022	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,769	...	...	77,193	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	810	...	...	20,265	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	965	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	925	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	1,010	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	1,080	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	930	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	970	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	1,835	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	55	...	...	1,785	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	1,520	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	1,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	1,050	...	...
$100,000 and over	250	...	...	4,895	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...	2,010	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	1,185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	70	...	...	1,075	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	630	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	810	...	...	20,265	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	230	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	905	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	1,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	1,135	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1,215	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	1,175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	1,120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	1,165	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	2,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	1,895	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	1,610	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	1,310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	1,035	...	...
$100,000 and over	160	...	...	3,330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	1,665	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	795	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	865	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	620	...	...	13,285	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,664	...	...	78,826	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,528	...	...	69,420	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	305	...	...	6,815	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,656	...	...	75,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	66,469	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	4,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,496	...	...	103,770	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,112	...	...	90,099	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	1,990	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,152	...	...	44,910	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	41,417	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	615	...	...	13,245	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,647	...	...	90,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,018	...	...	77,362	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	6,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,106	...	...	86,264	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,313	...	...	73,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	4,210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,798	...	...	113,076	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,122	...	...	96,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,362	...	...	55,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,957	...	...	49,096	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	215	120	95	8,395	3,675	4,725
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,296	40,576	38,272	30,972	33,152	29,661
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,920	34,688	33,792	27,976	29,527	27,200
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	220	115	100	8,470	3,660	4,815
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,045	41,942	42,163	39,264	43,224	36,258
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,242	35,775	36,774	33,887	36,571	31,848
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,930	990	940	44,105	21,005	23,095
In the bottom half of the distribution	980	505	475	23,810	10,795	13,010
In the bottom decile	140	75	65	4,745	2,170	2,570
In the second decile	185	90	95	4,765	2,040	2,725
In the third decile	220	110	110	4,350	1,950	2,400
In the fourth decile	220	120	95	4,850	2,210	2,645
In the fifth decile	215	110	105	5,095	2,425	2,665
In the top half of the distribution	950	485	465	20,300	10,210	10,085
In the sixth decile	215	110	105	4,865	2,350	2,515
In the seventh decile	215	110	105	4,670	2,380	2,295
In the eighth decile	230	115	115	4,375	2,200	2,175
In the ninth decile	185	95	90	3,625	1,850	1,775
In the top decile	105	50	55	2,755	1,430	1,325
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,930	990	940	43,880	20,890	22,985
0 to 17 years	340	195	140	7,710	3,940	3,770
0 to 5 years	100	60	45	2,330	1,190	1,145
18 to 64 years	1,260	615	645	24,810	11,640	13,170
65 years and over	330	175	155	11,365	5,315	6,050
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	230	115	120	6,610	2,865	3,740
0 to 17 years	50	25	25	1,675	865	805
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	585	295	290
18 to 64 years	130	65	65	3,680	1,560	2,125
65 years and over	50	25	25	1,255	440	815
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.9	11.6	12.8	15.1	13.7	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.7	12.8	17.9	21.7	22.0	21.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	8.3	11.1	25.1	24.8	25.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.6	10.1	14.8	13.4	16.1
65 years and over (%)	15.2	14.3	16.1	11.0	8.3	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	75	45	30	3,635	1,680	1,955
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	880	440	435
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	320	165	155
18 to 64 years	50	30	20	2,515	1,145	1,370
65 years and over	0	0	0	245	90	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	4.5	3.2	8.3	8.0	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	2.6	3.6	11.4	11.2	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	13.7	13.9	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	4.9	3.1	10.1	9.8	10.4
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.2	1.7	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,935	990	940	44,210	21,140	23,070
Official languages	1,925	990	935	44,080	21,075	23,005
English	1,925	990	935	44,035	21,050	22,985
French	200	75	125	4,415	2,050	2,365
Non-official languages	50	10	35	4,505	2,065	2,440
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	10	10	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	10	40	4,445	2,050	2,395
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	195	95	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	215	70	145
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	180	50	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	0	35	2,980	1,460	1,520
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	430	220	215
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	425	215	210
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	55	30	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	145	80	65
Russian	0	0	0	90	45	50
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	45	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	0	35	1,335	655	680
Afrikaans	0	0	0	145	75	60
Danish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Dutch	0	0	0	245	110	140
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	15	0	15	895	455	440
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	15	0	15	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	35	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	250	135	115
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	235	130	100
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	130	70	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	150	85	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	965	445	525
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	165	70	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	25	50
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	775	360	420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	170	70	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	65	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	45	15	30
American Sign Language	0	0	10	25	0	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	495	175	320
Chinese languages	0	0	0	480	170	315
Cantonese	0	0	0	275	80	185
Hakka	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mandarin	0	0	0	185	50	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	0	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	60	15	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	35	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,930	990	940	44,210	21,140	23,070
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,925	985	940	42,735	20,455	22,280
Canadian citizens aged under 18	330	175	155	7,490	3,850	3,635
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,590	810	785	35,245	16,605	18,640
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	10	0	1,475	685	790
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,930	990	940	44,210	21,140	23,070
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,895	980	915	38,195	18,430	19,770
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	35	10	25	5,605	2,520	3,085
Before 1981	25	0	20	3,345	1,510	1,840
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	560	230	330
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	505	200	300
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	820	385	440
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	370	160	210
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	450	220	225
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	380	195	185
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	400	190	210
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	35	0	25	5,610	2,520	3,085
Under 5 years	10	0	10	700	340	360
5 to 14 years	15	0	10	980	450	535
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	1,485	650	840
25 to 44 years	10	10	0	2,120	920	1,195
45 years and over	10	0	10	320	160	160
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	10	25	5,605	2,520	3,085
Americas	10	0	10	785	335	445
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	615	250	370
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	50	40
Europe	25	10	20	3,445	1,620	1,820
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	95	55	45
Germany	0	0	10	355	160	200
Greece	0	0	0	25	25	10
Hungary	0	0	0	40	30	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	55	15	40
Italy	0	0	0	65	30	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	275	115	155
Poland	0	0	0	90	45	40
Portugal	0	0	0	20	15	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	15	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	15	1,980	935	1,045
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	385	175	215
Africa	0	0	0	300	145	150
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	190	95	100
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	80	40	40
Asia	0	0	0	940	345	595
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	160	50	105
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	95	45	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	60	30	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	175	45	130
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	45	10	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	190	85	100
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	125	45	80
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	150	70	75
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	380	195	185
Americas	0	0	0	75	40	35
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	125	85	40
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	160	60	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	55	25	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	50	20	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,930	990	940	44,205	21,140	23,070
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	40	10	25	6,475	2,960	3,515
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	130	60	65	9,000	4,240	4,760
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,765	915	845	28,735	13,935	14,800
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	15	10	10	2,380	1,065	1,315
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,180	515	660
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	505	275	230
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	675	245	430
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	10	10	960	400	555
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	235	145	95
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,930	990	940	44,205	21,140	23,070
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	45	15	25	2,920	1,340	1,580
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	45	15	30	2,845	1,310	1,535
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	40	10	25	1,670	755	915
Métis	0	10	0	1,145	540	600
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,890	975	915	41,295	19,800	21,495
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,930	990	940	44,210	21,140	23,065
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	15	10	10	915	400	520
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,915	985	930	43,290	20,740	22,550
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,930	990	940	44,210	21,140	23,070
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	0	20	545	270	280
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	0	15	520	255	265
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	385	185	205
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	135	75	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	55	20	40	2,965	1,425	1,540
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	50	15	35	2,860	1,385	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	15	40	1,990	965	1,025
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	845	410	435
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	10	0	105	50	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	105	45	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,855	965	890	40,700	19,445	21,255
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,930	990	940	44,205	21,135	23,070
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	0	10	2,410	1,055	1,350
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	350	190	165
Chinese	0	0	0	645	240	400
Black	10	0	10	275	155	125
Filipino	0	0	0	285	90	185
Latin American	0	0	0	100	40	55
Arab	0	0	0	10	10	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	260	120	140
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korean	0	0	0	150	65	85
Japanese	0	0	0	180	70	110
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	60	15	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	80	50	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,925	990	940	41,800	20,085	21,720
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,935	990	945	44,210	21,140	23,070
North American Aboriginal origins	80	20	55	3,510	1,695	1,815
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	20	50	2,490	1,205	1,290
Inuit	0	0	0	40	10	25
Métis	10	10	0	1,110	540	570
Other North American origins	985	520	460	12,455	6,095	6,365
Acadian	0	0	0	80	40	40
American	0	0	0	1,010	485	525
Canadian	980	520	465	11,780	5,785	6,000
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	15	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	20	0	15
European origins	1,245	620	625	36,930	17,530	19,405
British Isles origins	1,125	565	565	28,715	13,595	15,115
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	10	0
English	595	340	260	18,080	8,550	9,525
Irish	645	345	295	9,945	4,515	5,435
Manx	0	0	0	45	25	25
Scottish	465	215	250	13,225	6,345	6,885
Welsh	15	0	10	1,765	905	860
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	60	30	30	1,890	865	1,030
French origins	310	180	135	5,750	2,610	3,135
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	310	180	140	5,745	2,610	3,135
Western European origins (except French origins)	190	85	110	8,910	4,165	4,745
Austrian	15	20	0	455	220	235
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	10	0	345	155	195
Dutch	35	0	30	2,340	1,115	1,225
Flemish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	145	65	75	5,955	2,815	3,140
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swiss	10	10	0	370	165	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	65	20	45	4,430	1,965	2,470
Danish	10	0	10	890	425	460
Finnish	0	0	0	495	185	315
Icelandic	0	0	0	360	160	195
Norwegian	50	20	30	1,675	785	890
Swedish	10	0	10	1,220	485	730
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	270	120	150
Eastern European origins	55	35	20	5,465	2,640	2,825
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	25	10	10	185	105	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	80	35	45
Estonian	0	0	0	60	50	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	490	225	265
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	35	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,540	720	820
Romanian	0	0	0	150	95	55
Russian	20	20	0	1,055	510	545
Slovak	0	0	0	50	20	25
Ukrainian	15	10	10	2,545	1,170	1,375
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	10	15
Southern European origins	70	25	50	2,495	1,170	1,325
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	115	60	55
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	185	90	95
Italian	45	15	30	1,345	650	695
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	120	65	60
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	210	75	130
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	25	10	10	460	200	260
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	355	145	205
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	110	35	80
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	215	105	110
Caribbean origins	10	10	10	150	90	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	30	25	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	245	120	130
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	50	15	30
Colombian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	90	50	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	0	380	195	185
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	55	30	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	15	10
North African origins	0	0	0	45	30	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	155	80	75
Afrikaner	0	0	0	25	10	15
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
South African	0	0	0	105	60	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	10	130	60	70
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	115	55	55
Asian origins	10	0	0	2,330	995	1,340
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	200	80	115
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	80	30	50
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	405	220	185
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	10	0	345	190	155
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,725	680	1,045
Burmese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	750	265	480
Filipino	0	0	0	275	90	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Japanese	0	0	0	220	95	125
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	155	70	85
Laotian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	40	10	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Thai	0	0	0	45	10	35
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	210	115	95
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	20	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	295	150	145
Australian	0	0	0	150	75	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	40	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	85	35	50
Fijian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	810	...	...	20,305	...	...
Owner	780	...	...	15,015	...	...
Renter	30	...	...	5,295	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	815	...	...	20,305	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,515	...	...
Not condominium	810	...	...	16,790	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	810	...	...	20,305	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	90	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	1,265	...	...
2 bedrooms	150	...	...	6,270	...	...
3 bedrooms	450	...	...	8,145	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	190	...	...	4,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	815	...	...	20,310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	60	...	...	4,560	...	...
5 rooms	125	...	...	3,755	...	...
6 rooms	155	...	...	3,540	...	...
7 rooms	170	...	...	2,605	...	...
8 or more rooms	310	...	...	5,845	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	810	...	...	20,310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	810	...	...	20,230	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	810	...	...	20,310	...	...
Suitable	800	...	...	19,990	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	810	...	...	20,310	...	...
1960 or before	180	...	...	2,050	...	...
1961 to 1980	245	...	...	5,460	...	...
1981 to 1990	130	...	...	3,320	...	...
1991 to 2000	135	...	...	4,735	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	1,585	...	...
2006 to 2010	45	...	...	2,180	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	50	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	810	...	...	20,305	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	755	...	...	19,315	...	...
Major repairs needed	60	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	810	...	...	20,305	...	...
1 household maintainer	465	...	...	12,215	...	...
2 household maintainers	320	...	...	7,730	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	25	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	810	...	...	20,305	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	520	...	...
25 to 34 years	85	...	...	1,975	...	...
35 to 44 years	110	...	...	2,580	...	...
45 to 54 years	175	...	...	3,525	...	...
55 to 64 years	215	...	...	4,290	...	...
65 to 74 years	160	...	...	4,120	...	...
75 to 84 years	40	...	...	2,400	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	810	...	...	20,165	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	745	...	...	15,455	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	65	...	...	4,705	...	...
30% to less than 100%	55	...	...	4,215	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	780	...	...	14,900	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.8	...	...	54.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.7	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	682	...	...	858	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	780	...	...	1,047	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	159,873	...	...	348,762	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	196,276	...	...	378,001	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	5,280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	47.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	926	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	972	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,660	850	810	37,865	17,845	20,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	255	135	120	5,960	2,895	3,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	510	205	310	11,380	5,265	6,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	895	510	385	20,525	9,685	10,835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	260	215	45	4,360	3,235	1,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	60	30	1,805	1,055	755
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	170	155	20	2,555	2,185	365
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	355	175	185	8,180	3,015	5,170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	20	40	925	315	615
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	215	105	110	7,060	3,125	3,935
Bachelor's degree	155	85	65	4,390	1,855	2,535
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	565	205	360
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	340	215	130
Master's degree	40	0	35	1,510	690	825
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	245	160	85
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,135	565	570	22,110	10,255	11,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	45	60	2,190	1,140	1,050
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	140	215	6,375	3,065	3,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	680	380	295	13,550	6,045	7,505
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	160	145	20	2,605	1,925	680
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	50	30	15	1,065	595	470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	110	0	1,545	1,330	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	295	135	155	5,630	2,000	3,630
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	15	25	540	200	335
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	180	80	100	4,775	1,920	2,850
Bachelor's degree	125	65	60	3,090	1,220	1,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	345	85	265
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	275	155	120
Master's degree	35	0	30	970	425	545
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	85	35	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,660	845	810	37,865	17,845	20,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	765	335	425	17,340	8,160	9,185
Education	65	15	50	1,915	550	1,365
13. Education	65	15	50	1,920	550	1,365
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	15	0	815	355	460
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	135	105	30
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	0	675	250	425
Humanities	15	0	15	845	335	515
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	110	20	90
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	235	60	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	190	65	120
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	55	40	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	60	45
54. History	0	0	0	130	75	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	20	30	1,935	675	1,260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	175	60	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	445	25	415
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	230	75	160
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	15	45
42. Psychology	10	10	10	390	140	255
45. Social sciences	25	10	10	620	360	260
Business, management and public administration	145	35	115	3,430	1,055	2,370
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	335	70	265
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	140	30	115	3,085	980	2,100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	625	365	260
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	335	170	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	105	55	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	10	160	135	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	10	350	185	165
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	10	230	145	85
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	30	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	310	300	10	4,310	4,015	300
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	90	60	30
14. Engineering	40	40	0	435	390	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	50	0	870	750	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	110	10	1,225	1,195	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	60	0	1,235	1,170	60
48. Precision production	40	45	0	455	450	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	485	310	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	10	240	135	105
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	250	175	75
Health and related fields	130	20	115	4,000	710	3,290
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	255	110	140
51. Health professions and related programs	115	10	100	3,615	525	3,085
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	130	75	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	75	15	1,810	1,125	680
12. Personal and culinary services	40	20	15	850	265	590
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	20	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	125	115	10
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	240	205	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	565	530	35
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,135	565	570	22,110	10,255	11,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	460	190	270	8,560	4,205	4,350
Education	55	15	40	1,085	280	810
13. Education	60	15	40	1,090	280	805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	575	220	360
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	80	50	30
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	0	495	170	330
Humanities	15	0	15	585	235	345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	75	10	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	150	45	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	140	50	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	35	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	70	40	25
54. History	0	0	0	90	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	25	1,285	350	930
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	135	30	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	335	20	310
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	170	40	130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	50	10	40
42. Psychology	10	0	0	205	40	165
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	390	210	175
Business, management and public administration	105	20	85	2,295	700	1,595
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	255	50	200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	100	20	80	2,035	650	1,385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	10	385	205	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	215	105	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	30	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	85	65	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	10	250	140	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	15	195	125	65
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	220	215	0	2,640	2,420	220
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	50	15	30
14. Engineering	25	30	0	255	225	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	45	45	0	485	405	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	10	870	840	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	730	675	50
48. Precision production	30	25	0	250	255	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	360	210	150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	155	75	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	200	140	70
Health and related fields	105	20	90	2,820	540	2,280
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	195	90	110
51. Health professions and related programs	95	15	80	2,505	390	2,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	120	70	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	65	10	1,265	750	510
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	10	635	205	430
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	45	40	10
43. Security and protective services	15	15	0	190	150	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	365	335	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,655	850	810	37,860	17,845	20,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	765	335	425	17,340	8,160	9,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	890	510	385	20,525	9,690	10,835
Location of study inside Canada	875	505	365	18,125	8,475	9,645
Same as province or territory of residence	730	420	310	11,135	5,010	6,115
Different than province or territory of residence	140	85	55	6,995	3,465	3,530
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	0	20	2,400	1,210	1,185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	590	315	280
Philippines	0	0	0	90	25	60
India	0	0	0	80	35	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	15	785	425	360
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	10	25
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other	0	10	0	790	390	405
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,135	565	570	22,110	10,255	11,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	455	190	270	8,560	4,205	4,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	680	380	300	13,550	6,045	7,505
Location of study inside Canada	660	380	285	12,370	5,535	6,835
Same as province or territory of residence	545	305	240	8,150	3,495	4,660
Different than province or territory of residence	115	70	45	4,215	2,040	2,175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	0	15	1,180	515	670
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	260	115	140
Philippines	0	0	0	80	20	60
India	0	0	0	50	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	295	135	160
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	10	25
France	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other	10	0	0	435	195	240
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,655	850	815	37,865	17,845	20,015
In the labour force	1,065	595	475	20,785	10,415	10,375
Employed	985	530	455	19,090	9,455	9,630
Unemployed	85	65	20	1,700	960	740
Not in the labour force	590	255	335	17,075	7,430	9,645
Participation rate	64.4	70.0	58.3	54.9	58.4	51.8
Employment rate	59.5	62.4	55.8	50.4	53.0	48.1
Unemployment rate	8.0	10.9	4.2	8.2	9.2	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,660	845	810	37,860	17,845	20,020
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	520	220	305	15,645	6,710	8,935
Worked	1,135	630	505	22,220	11,140	11,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	665	365	300	8,905	4,905	4,005
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	470	260	210	13,320	6,235	7,085
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	43.5	43.6	40.5	40.6	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,065	595	475	20,785	10,415	10,375
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	330	180	150
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,065	585	475	20,455	10,235	10,220
Employee	1,005	560	445	17,705	8,615	9,090
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	55	25	30	2,745	1,620	1,125
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,070	595	475	20,785	10,410	10,375
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	330	180	150
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,060	585	475	20,455	10,235	10,225
0 Management occupations	85	45	40	2,055	1,260	790
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	150	35	115	2,375	575	1,805
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	60	35	1,120	915	205
3 Health occupations	80	0	75	1,805	375	1,430
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	115	60	55	2,715	1,035	1,680
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	0	15	570	190	380
6 Sales and service occupations	220	105	110	5,590	2,125	3,465
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	255	235	20	3,060	2,865	195
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	20	0	860	675	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	25	10	310	235	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,070	590	475	20,785	10,415	10,375
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	330	185	155
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,060	585	475	20,455	10,235	10,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	15	0	875	675	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	245	225	20
22 Utilities	35	35	10	35	30	10
23 Construction	105	90	15	1,795	1,580	215
31-33 Manufacturing	75	65	0	640	470	175
41 Wholesale trade	45	35	10	300	240	55
44-45 Retail trade	135	60	75	3,040	1,305	1,735
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	60	50	10	855	555	300
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	250	125	120
52 Finance and insurance	35	15	25	575	205	375
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10	360	195	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	75	25	50	985	475	515
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	35	10	840	485	360
61 Educational services	35	10	25	1,400	400	1,005
62 Health care and social assistance	135	15	120	2,895	565	2,335
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	550	280	270
72 Accommodation and food services	65	20	45	1,885	710	1,180
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	25	25	865	315	545
91 Public administration	125	80	45	2,055	1,405	650
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	985	535	455	19,090	9,455	9,635
Worked at home	45	25	20	1,375	575	800
Worked outside Canada	0	10	0	90	65	25
No fixed workplace address	110	85	30	2,820	2,130	695
Worked at usual place	820	415	400	14,805	6,690	8,115
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	820	415	400	14,805	6,690	8,120
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15	0	10	7,210	3,160	4,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	130	50	80	6,020	2,560	3,455
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	660	340	320	1,250	705	550
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	325	265	65
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	930	495	430	17,625	8,820	8,815
Car, truck, van - as a driver	830	435	395	13,790	6,760	7,035
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	55	30	1,045	535	515
Public transit	15	10	10	420	155	260
Walked	0	10	0	1,120	465	655
Bicycle	0	0	0	710	490	215
Other method	0	0	0	540	415	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	930	495	430	17,625	8,820	8,810
Less than 15 minutes	80	35	40	9,695	4,415	5,280
15 to 29 minutes	275	145	130	5,450	2,785	2,665
30 to 44 minutes	330	185	145	1,015	555	455
45 to 59 minutes	185	90	90	635	390	245
60 minutes and over	65	40	30	835	670	165
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	930	500	430	17,625	8,815	8,810
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	100	70	35	1,040	665	375
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	265	140	120	2,825	1,770	1,055
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305	155	150	4,510	2,570	1,935
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	95	35	60	4,285	1,715	2,570
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	20	35	2,300	845	1,455
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	115	85	35	2,675	1,255	1,420
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,160	635	525	22,935	11,450	11,480
Single responses	1,145	630	515	22,870	11,410	11,465
Official languages	1,145	630	515	22,720	11,335	11,385
English	1,135	630	500	22,600	11,295	11,305
French	10	0	10	115	40	85
Non-official languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	75	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	15	65	45	20
English and French	15	0	10	25	20	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,160	635	525	22,935	11,455	11,485
None	1,125	630	495	21,970	10,980	10,995
English	10	0	10	150	50	100
French	20	10	20	600	330	260
Non-official language	0	0	0	200	85	120
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	195	85	110
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,900	970	935	43,845	20,935	22,910
Non-movers	1,785	915	870	37,200	17,755	19,445
Movers	115	55	60	6,650	3,185	3,465
Non-migrants	55	20	30	3,230	1,470	1,760
Migrants	60	35	35	3,420	1,710	1,710
Internal migrants	60	35	30	3,195	1,605	1,590
Intraprovincial migrants	60	30	30	2,090	1,025	1,065
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,110	580	525
External migrants	0	0	0	220	105	120
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,815	940	880	42,310	20,225	22,085
Non-movers	1,485	775	705	24,085	11,400	12,680
Movers	335	170	170	18,225	8,820	9,405
Non-migrants	130	65	65	7,935	3,765	4,175
Migrants	205	105	105	10,290	5,055	5,235
Internal migrants	205	100	100	9,480	4,660	4,815
Intraprovincial migrants	150	70	85	6,000	2,825	3,180
Interprovincial migrants	50	30	20	3,475	1,835	1,635
External migrants	0	10	0	820	395	420

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Westfield, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 31, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia