Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cardwell, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Saskatoon--Grasswood Saskatchewan [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,353	...	...	82,946	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,414	...	...	72,010	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.3	...	...	15.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	709	...	...	36,211	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	569	...	...	33,909	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.3	...	...	246.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	311.90	...	...	335.90	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,355	700	650	82,945	40,045	42,905
0 to 14 years	205	105	100	13,645	6,980	6,665
0 to 4 years	65	30	30	4,950	2,480	2,470
5 to 9 years	75	45	35	4,530	2,380	2,150
10 to 14 years	65	30	35	4,165	2,120	2,045
15 to 64 years	885	450	435	55,520	27,375	28,140
15 to 19 years	85	45	35	4,520	2,310	2,215
20 to 24 years	80	40	40	6,465	3,210	3,255
25 to 29 years	60	35	20	7,365	3,695	3,670
30 to 34 years	75	35	40	6,555	3,280	3,275
35 to 39 years	65	30	35	5,480	2,755	2,720
40 to 44 years	55	35	30	4,715	2,335	2,375
45 to 49 years	100	40	60	4,640	2,270	2,370
50 to 54 years	140	65	70	5,465	2,615	2,850
55 to 59 years	115	65	50	5,455	2,585	2,870
60 to 64 years	115	50	60	4,850	2,315	2,535
65 years and over	265	145	120	13,780	5,685	8,095
65 to 69 years	95	60	40	3,705	1,670	2,035
70 to 74 years	75	40	25	2,820	1,280	1,540
75 to 79 years	45	25	25	2,430	1,030	1,405
80 to 84 years	30	20	15	2,195	855	1,340
85 years and over	15	0	15	2,630	855	1,775
85 to 89 years	10	0	10	1,605	565	1,035
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	770	240	535
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	220	50	175
100 years and over	0	0	5	35	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.0	15.4	16.5	17.4	15.5
15 to 64 years	65.3	64.3	66.9	66.9	68.4	65.6
65 years and over	19.6	20.7	18.5	16.6	14.2	18.9
85 years and over	1.1	0.0	2.3	3.2	2.1	4.1
Average age of the population	43.4	43.1	43.6	40.1	38.5	41.6
Median age of the population	47.4	47.5	47.3	37.6	35.9	39.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	570	...	...	33,910	...	...
Single-detached house	530	...	...	19,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	655	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15	...	...	13,600	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,350	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,935	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	7,605	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	570	...	...	33,910	...	...
1 person	130	...	...	9,690	...	...
2 persons	260	...	...	12,165	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	5,050	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	4,465	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,535	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,340	...	...	81,135	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,150	595	555	69,300	33,060	36,235
Married or living common law	760	380	380	39,915	19,935	19,980
Married	630	315	320	34,125	17,050	17,080
Living common law	130	65	65	5,785	2,885	2,895
Not married and not living common law	390	215	175	29,385	13,125	16,260
Never married	255	155	100	19,800	10,435	9,360
Separated	20	15	5	1,320	540	780
Divorced	60	35	25	3,880	1,410	2,470
Widowed	60	10	45	4,385	740	3,645
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	425	...	...	22,580	...	...
2 persons	265	...	...	11,855	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	4,590	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	4,225	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	1,905	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	425	...	...	22,580	...	...
Total couple families	375	...	...	19,435	...	...
Married couples	315	...	...	16,545	...	...
Common-law couples	60	...	...	2,890	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	3,145	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	2,535	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	19,435	...	...
Couples without children	230	...	...	9,905	...	...
Couples with children	145	...	...	9,530	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	3,750	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	3,980	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	3,145	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	1,950	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	845	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	185	110	75	16,515	7,565	8,950
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	565	...	...	33,910	...	...
One-census-family households	415	...	...	21,615	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	230	...	...	9,525	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	190	...	...	12,085	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	470	...	...
Non-census-family households	150	...	...	11,820	...	...
One-person households	135	...	...	9,685	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	15	...	...	2,135	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,355	700	655	81,555	39,570	41,985
English only	1,185	625	560	74,855	36,595	38,260
French only	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and French	165	75	90	5,610	2,495	3,115
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,045	465	580
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,350	700	655	81,555	39,570	41,985
English	1,320	690	630	79,160	38,485	40,675
French	35	15	25	1,090	505	590
English and French	0	0	0	295	140	155
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,010	445	560
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	35	10	20	1,240	570	665
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.6	1.4	3.1	1.5	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,350	700	655	81,555	39,570	41,985
Single responses	1,345	700	650	80,000	38,835	41,165
Official languages	1,340	695	645	65,715	31,980	33,735
English	1,305	680	625	64,560	31,450	33,115
French	40	10	25	1,155	535	625
Non-official languages	10	0	5	14,285	6,855	7,430
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	210	80	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	170	65	105
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	140	55	85
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	50	15	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	25	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	14,075	6,775	7,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,125	565	560
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	115	50	70
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	95	35	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,000	510	490
Amharic	0	0	0	40	20	25
Arabic	0	0	0	610	325	280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	120	55	60
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	25	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	130	60	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	265	115	145
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	250	110	140
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,230	550	680
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	110	45	65
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	65	35	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	975	430	540
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	240	125	115
Kannada	0	0	0	25	15	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	65	40	30
Telugu	0	0	0	50	25	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	7,170	3,440	3,740
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,900	835	1,065
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,885	825	1,060
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	220	95	125
Russian	0	0	0	320	145	175
Serbian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,125	475	645
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	1,330	580	750
Afrikaans	0	0	0	75	35	40
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dutch	5	0	5	135	55	75
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	5
German	0	0	0	1,030	455	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	5	20
Swedish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	50	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,080	1,600	1,480
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,605	1,345	1,260
Bengali	0	0	0	385	210	180
Gujarati	0	0	0	230	125	105
Hindi	0	0	0	175	100	75
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	40	25	20
Nepali	0	0	0	100	50	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	450	245	200
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	110	50	55
Urdu	0	0	0	1,085	525	560
Iranian languages	0	0	0	450	235	210
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	125	70	55
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	315	160	155
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	705	345	360
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	35	60
Romanian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Spanish	0	0	0	460	230	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	200	90	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	345	180	170
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	70	40	30
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	110	55	55
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	5	20	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,105	1,535	1,565
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,090	1,530	1,565
Cantonese	0	0	0	825	415	410
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,065	1,005	1,055
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	75	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	65	65
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Multiple responses	5	5	0	1,550	735	820
English and French	5	0	5	210	90	120
English and non-official language	5	0	0	1,295	615	675
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,350	700	655	81,555	39,570	41,985
Single responses	1,345	700	650	78,335	38,005	40,330
Official languages	1,350	700	650	71,050	34,430	36,620
English	1,335	695	645	70,710	34,270	36,445
French	15	10	5	340	165	175
Non-official languages	0	0	0	7,285	3,580	3,710
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,235	3,555	3,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	680	320	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Bilen	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	55	15	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	615	295	320
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	370	185	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	100	45	50
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	75	35	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	140	65	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	605	305	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	520	260	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	105	50	50
Kannada	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tamil	0	0	0	20	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,970	1,475	1,495
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	525	265	265
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	520	260	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	30	45
Russian	0	0	0	175	90	85
Serbian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	165	85	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	25	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	75	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,925	970	955
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,625	815	810
Bengali	0	0	0	285	140	140
Gujarati	0	0	0	165	85	80
Hindi	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	50	20	25
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	285	155	130
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	60	35	30
Urdu	0	0	0	655	310	340
Iranian languages	0	0	0	305	155	150
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	60	35	30
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	230	115	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	305	145	165
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Spanish	0	0	0	215	95	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	60	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,315	1,140	1,175
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,300	1,135	1,170
Cantonese	0	0	0	565	270	295
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,640	815	825
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	5	5	0	3,215	1,565	1,650
English and French	0	0	0	155	75	80
English and non-official language	5	0	5	2,990	1,460	1,530
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,350	700	650	81,555	39,565	41,985
None	1,320	690	635	72,770	35,375	37,400
English	5	5	0	3,520	1,730	1,790
French	20	5	15	975	405	575
Non-official language	5	5	0	4,105	1,980	2,130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	175	65	110
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	3,935	1,910	2,020
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	105	60	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,135	590	545	67,520	32,505	35,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,075	565	515	65,255	31,480	33,780
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,339	36,736	21,664	42,405	51,239	35,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,075	560	515	65,265	31,480	33,785
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,760	33,024	20,672	37,764	44,285	32,518
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	925	500	420	61,680	30,150	31,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,240	34,624	19,216	40,080	49,185	32,234
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	775	365	405	42,395	17,485	24,910
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,576	8,736	6,432	3,888	2,306	4,661
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	760	435	325	50,955	25,900	25,055
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,576	35,712	21,269	39,634	47,700	32,587
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,150	605	555	67,360	32,515	34,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,090	580	505	65,125	31,495	33,630
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,568	48,973	24,510	57,424	70,323	45,346
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,090	585	510	65,135	31,490	33,640
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,566	39,895	22,029	46,271	55,170	37,941
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	920	515	405	61,590	30,100	31,490
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,709	48,401	21,981	55,890	69,725	42,667
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	775	360	415	42,505	17,760	24,745
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,333	10,235	8,540	7,001	6,537	7,334
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	760	455	305	50,860	25,800	25,060
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,172	48,015	20,890	53,227	65,198	40,901
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,155	600	550	67,365	32,515	34,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	360	225	135	23,655	13,300	10,350
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,433	53,238	27,032	62,541	70,379	54,804
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,115	67,747	31,210	74,385	84,812	60,989
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.8	87.5	73.6	92.0	94.8	88.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.7	77.3	62.4	72.1	75.5	67.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	12.6	25.8	8.0	5.2	11.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,135	590	550	67,515	32,505	35,015
Without total income	60	25	35	2,260	1,025	1,235
With total income	1,075	565	515	65,255	31,475	33,775
Percentage with total income	94.7	95.8	93.6	96.7	96.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	65	115	7,365	3,110	4,260
$10,000 to $19,999	200	85	120	8,240	3,030	5,210
$20,000 to $29,999	200	85	120	7,930	2,975	4,950
$30,000 to $39,999	140	70	70	7,310	3,130	4,180
$40,000 to $49,999	115	70	45	6,870	3,105	3,765
$50,000 to $59,999	65	45	20	5,705	2,890	2,820
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	10	4,465	2,370	2,095
$70,000 to $79,999	30	25	0	3,720	2,060	1,655
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	3,125	1,760	1,365
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	2,375	1,315	1,065
$100,000 and over	70	60	5	8,160	5,740	2,415
$100,000 to $149,999	50	50	5	5,430	3,665	1,770
$150,000 and over	20	15	0	2,725	2,080	650
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,135	590	545	67,520	32,505	35,015
Without after-tax income	60	25	35	2,255	1,025	1,230
With after-tax income	1,075	560	510	65,265	31,480	33,785
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	94.9	93.6	96.7	96.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	65	120	7,630	3,170	4,460
$10,000 to $19,999	215	85	130	8,655	3,185	5,470
$20,000 to $29,999	235	110	120	9,295	3,645	5,650
$30,000 to $39,999	165	95	65	9,115	4,000	5,115
$40,000 to $49,999	120	70	45	8,155	4,000	4,155
$50,000 to $59,999	45	35	10	6,050	3,235	2,815
$60,000 to $69,999	40	30	5	4,860	2,715	2,140
$70,000 to $79,999	20	20	0	3,560	1,975	1,585
$80,000 and over	60	55	5	7,945	5,555	2,390
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	2,365	1,500	860
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	1,580	1,070	505
$100,000 and over	25	25	0	4,005	2,985	1,020
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,135	590	545	67,515	32,505	35,015
Without employment income	375	150	225	16,560	6,605	9,955
With employment income	755	435	325	50,960	25,905	25,055
Percentage with employment income	66.5	73.7	59.6	75.5	79.7	71.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	115	70	50	5,865	2,590	3,275
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	35	3,760	1,605	2,150
$10,000 to $19,999	100	45	60	6,065	2,605	3,465
$20,000 to $29,999	110	40	70	4,995	2,145	2,845
$30,000 to $39,999	100	60	45	4,955	2,270	2,685
$40,000 to $49,999	75	45	30	4,690	2,195	2,490
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	15	4,005	2,060	1,945
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	3,195	1,680	1,515
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	0	2,765	1,580	1,185
$80,000 and over	90	85	10	10,655	7,165	3,495
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	10	2,535	1,430	1,110
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	1,930	1,090	845
$100,000 and over	65	60	5	6,190	4,645	1,545
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	570	...	...	33,910	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,960	...	...	85,286	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,624	...	...	73,012	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	9,685	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,664	...	...	43,883	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,896	...	...	38,297	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	440	...	...	24,225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,304	...	...	106,881	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,221	...	...	91,077	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,020	...	...	110,524	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,513	...	...	89,073	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	9,690	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,427	...	...	54,617	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,237	...	...	44,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	425	...	...	24,145	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,813	...	...	132,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,546	...	...	107,109	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	570	...	...	33,910	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	450	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	895	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	35	...	...	1,255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	965	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	1,100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,240	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	1,290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	1,190	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	2,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	2,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	2,095	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	1,895	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	14,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	3,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	2,960	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	3,725	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	3,475	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	565	...	...	33,905	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	490	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	285	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	935	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	1,355	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	1,165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	1,375	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	1,570	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	1,530	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	1,470	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	2,835	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	50	...	...	2,665	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	2,520	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	2,325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	2,075	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	10,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	3,995	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	2,715	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	4,125	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	425	...	...	22,735	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	106,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,179	...	...	90,906	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	9,420	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	100,213	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,168	...	...	84,796	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	9,565	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,392	...	...	133,172	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,592	...	...	111,948	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	2,940	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,648	...	...	61,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,216	...	...	56,661	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	420	...	...	22,595	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,512	...	...	134,233	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,335	...	...	107,679	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	210	...	...	9,300	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,288	...	...	129,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,551	...	...	102,231	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	9,550	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,446	...	...	161,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,581	...	...	129,068	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	2,985	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,549	...	...	72,913	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,869	...	...	62,631	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	160	95	65	14,440	6,585	7,855
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,408	28,800	21,888	39,201	42,472	36,745
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,128	26,688	21,888	35,010	37,305	33,539
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	175	105	75	14,600	6,755	7,845
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,501	40,957	35,007	48,398	52,688	44,704
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,714	34,356	30,379	39,780	42,851	37,136
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,340	695	645	81,135	39,465	41,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	835	420	410	31,745	14,605	17,145
In the bottom decile	130	65	65	6,110	2,945	3,165
In the second decile	225	110	120	6,070	2,480	3,590
In the third decile	175	95	80	6,190	2,805	3,390
In the fourth decile	155	80	75	6,560	3,085	3,480
In the fifth decile	145	75	70	6,810	3,285	3,530
In the top half of the distribution	505	270	235	49,390	24,865	24,530
In the sixth decile	160	90	75	7,530	3,725	3,805
In the seventh decile	120	60	65	8,540	4,170	4,370
In the eighth decile	90	45	40	9,630	4,860	4,770
In the ninth decile	80	45	35	10,865	5,480	5,390
In the top decile	55	30	25	12,825	6,635	6,190
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,335	695	645	81,135	39,470	41,675
0 to 17 years	255	130	125	16,130	8,250	7,880
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	5,850	2,960	2,895
18 to 64 years	820	415	405	52,730	25,935	26,790
65 years and over	260	145	115	12,280	5,275	7,005
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	265	130	140	8,200	3,615	4,585
0 to 17 years	70	35	35	2,375	1,205	1,175
0 to 5 years	30	15	20	885	445	440
18 to 64 years	135	65	75	4,665	2,120	2,550
65 years and over	60	30	30	1,160	300	865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.9	18.7	21.7	10.1	9.2	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	27.5	26.9	28.0	14.7	14.6	14.9
0 to 5 years (%)	37.5	37.5	50.0	15.1	15.0	15.2
18 to 64 years (%)	16.5	15.7	18.5	8.8	8.2	9.5
65 years and over (%)	23.1	20.7	26.1	9.4	5.7	12.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	30	25	5,170	2,525	2,650
0 to 17 years	15	5	5	1,300	675	625
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	480	245	240
18 to 64 years	40	20	15	3,645	1,770	1,875
65 years and over	5	5	0	225	80	145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.3	3.9	6.4	6.4	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	3.8	4.0	8.1	8.2	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	12.5	12.5	8.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.8	3.7	6.9	6.8	7.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	3.4	0.0	1.8	1.5	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,340	700	635	81,055	39,555	41,500
Official languages	1,340	705	635	80,020	39,120	40,895
English	1,340	700	635	79,990	39,105	40,885
French	155	80	80	5,880	2,740	3,140
Non-official languages	25	15	10	17,920	8,630	9,290
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	355	145	210
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	320	140	180
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	290	125	165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	85	35	45
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	25	0	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	85	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	20	0	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	10	17,585	8,490	9,095
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	1,510	750	760
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	150	55	95
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	140	50	90
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	1,395	695	700
Amharic	0	0	0	90	40	50
Arabic	0	0	10	915	500	415
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	245	105	145
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	10	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	165	70	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	60	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	325	140	185
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	330	140	185
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,510	670	840
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	155	70	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,415	625	790
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	350	185	165
Kannada	0	0	0	45	25	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	130	65	65
Tamil	0	0	0	155	95	65
Telugu	0	0	0	60	25	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	9,445	4,610	4,835
Albanian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Armenian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,150	960	1,190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,150	960	1,195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Polish	0	0	0	280	130	150
Russian	0	0	0	525	270	255
Serbian	0	0	0	135	65	75
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,305	580	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	25
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	15	10	10	1,620	790	835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	105	60	45
Danish	0	10	0	25	20	0
Dutch	10	10	10	150	80	70
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,290	590	695
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	50	40	20
Swedish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	235	105	135
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,035	2,120	1,920
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,645	1,900	1,745
Bengali	0	0	0	520	285	235
Gujarati	0	0	0	445	220	225
Hindi	0	0	0	935	490	445
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nepali	0	0	0	115	55	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,035	595	440
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	115	60	50
Urdu	0	0	0	1,680	865	820
Iranian languages	0	0	0	445	250	200
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	120	65	55
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	320	185	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	1,505	710	785
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	165	90	80
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	55	85
Romanian	0	0	0	145	80	65
Spanish	15	0	0	1,115	535	585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	235	115	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	270	120	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	425	225	200
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	20	15
Swahili	0	0	0	110	55	55
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	140	60	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dinka	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	245	70	180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	180	50	125
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	20	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,305	1,610	1,695
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,300	1,605	1,695
Cantonese	0	0	0	995	495	500
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	2,535	1,205	1,335
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	15	45
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	125	55	70
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	110	55	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	240	125	115
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	80	50	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,340	700	635	81,055	39,560	41,500
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,335	700	635	73,265	35,720	37,545
Canadian citizens aged under 18	250	135	110	14,535	7,510	7,025
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,085	565	520	58,730	28,210	30,515
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	7,795	3,835	3,955
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,340	700	635	81,060	39,555	41,500
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,310	690	625	66,365	32,290	34,075
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	25	10	15	13,145	6,450	6,695
Before 1981	25	10	10	1,880	910	980
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	730	350	375
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,380	705	670
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	4,245	2,090	2,160
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,430	690	740
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,820	1,400	1,420
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	4,910	2,395	2,510
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,545	815	735
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	15	15	13,145	6,450	6,690
Under 5 years	0	10	0	1,285	600	685
5 to 14 years	15	0	10	2,430	1,290	1,140
15 to 24 years	10	10	10	2,110	935	1,180
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	6,380	3,125	3,255
45 years and over	0	0	0	935	500	430
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	15	10	13,145	6,450	6,695
Americas	10	0	10	1,075	490	585
Brazil	0	0	0	45	10	35
Colombia	0	0	0	80	45	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	65	30	35
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	125	65	55
Mexico	0	0	0	80	35	40
Peru	0	0	0	35	10	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	470	215	255
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	150	65	90
Europe	15	10	10	2,725	1,375	1,340
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	15	45
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	15
France	0	0	0	25	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	305	145	160
Greece	0	0	0	115	65	50
Hungary	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	165	105	60
Italy	0	0	0	40	25	20
Netherlands	15	10	10	125	60	65
Poland	0	0	0	185	95	90
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	120	55	65
Russian Federation	0	0	0	95	40	50
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	95	35	60
Ukraine	0	0	0	340	180	160
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	725	375	345
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	230	120	105
Africa	0	0	0	1,235	590	645
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	65	30	40
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	25	40
Kenya	0	0	0	60	35	25
Morocco	0	0	0	50	20	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	210	85	120
Somalia	0	0	0	45	10	30
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	165	90	75
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	590	305	285
Asia	0	0	0	8,040	3,960	4,075
Afghanistan	0	0	0	50	25	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	410	230	175
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,760	825	935
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	195	90	105
India	0	0	0	1,140	605	535
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	215	120	95
Iraq	0	0	0	425	210	215
Japan	0	0	0	60	10	50
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	150	70	80
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,195	605	595
Philippines	0	0	0	1,355	605	745
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	140	75	65
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	140	75	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	285	140	140
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	470	255	210
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	30	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	4,905	2,395	2,510
Americas	0	0	0	270	135	130
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	20
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	90	55	35
Mexico	0	0	0	55	30	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	10	20
Europe	0	0	0	540	265	275
France	0	0	0	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	125	80	45
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	10	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	120	50	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	65	40	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	165	65	100
Africa	0	0	0	405	185	220
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	30	15	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	10	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	70	30	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	125	45	80
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	65	50	20
Asia	0	0	0	3,690	1,805	1,885
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	210	105	105
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	865	415	450
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	35	15	20
India	0	0	0	585	310	275
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Iraq	0	0	0	85	40	50
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	535	285	255
Philippines	0	0	0	795	355	440
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	15	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	140	70	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	110	55	55
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,335	705	635	81,060	39,560	41,500
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25	10	10	15,035	7,435	7,600
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	90	60	30	12,385	5,765	6,620
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,225	635	595	53,640	26,355	27,280
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	0	11,370	5,580	5,785
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	10	0	7,630	3,940	3,695
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,990	2,060	930
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	10	0	4,645	1,875	2,765
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	2,005	745	1,255
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,665	855	805
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	75	40	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,340	705	635	81,055	39,555	41,500
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	6,155	3,000	3,155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	6,040	2,925	3,110
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	2,920	1,410	1,505
Métis	0	0	0	3,100	1,505	1,595
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	35	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,330	700	640	74,900	36,560	38,345
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,335	705	635	81,055	39,555	41,500
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	2,695	1,280	1,415
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,335	700	635	78,365	38,280	40,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,340	700	635	81,055	39,555	41,500
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,925	930	990
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	1,830	890	940
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	10	1,400	675	720
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	430	210	220
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	100	45	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	95	40	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	10	10	10	4,925	2,415	2,505
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	10	4,655	2,315	2,335
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	2,285	1,105	1,180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	2,350	1,200	1,145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	275	105	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	270	100	165
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,325	700	625	74,205	36,210	38,000
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,340	705	640	81,055	39,560	41,500
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	14,630	7,370	7,260
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	4,375	2,305	2,070
Chinese	0	0	0	3,580	1,785	1,805
Black	0	0	0	1,850	970	880
Filipino	0	0	0	1,645	760	880
Latin American	0	0	0	430	185	245
Arab	0	0	0	895	475	415
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	395	185	215
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	420	215	205
Korean	0	0	0	240	105	135
Japanese	0	0	0	195	85	100
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	225	120	110
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	380	170	210
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,340	705	635	66,425	32,185	34,240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,335	705	640	81,055	39,555	41,500
North American Aboriginal origins	15	10	10	6,850	3,350	3,500
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	4,050	1,930	2,120
Inuit	0	0	0	30	15	15
Métis	0	0	0	3,145	1,555	1,585
Other North American origins	645	320	320	15,495	7,675	7,820
Acadian	0	0	0	55	35	25
American	20	0	20	1,080	530	550
Canadian	640	325	320	14,655	7,240	7,420
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	930	490	440	59,375	28,585	30,790
British Isles origins	820	445	380	33,665	16,455	17,210
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	10
English	490	260	230	19,595	9,540	10,055
Irish	340	160	180	12,880	6,230	6,650
Manx	0	0	0	30	15	20
Scottish	375	185	190	15,700	7,485	8,210
Welsh	35	25	10	1,770	765	1,010
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	15	0	1,550	740	810
French origins	160	70	90	9,595	4,665	4,930
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	165	70	90	9,590	4,665	4,930
Western European origins (except French origins)	135	80	55	25,155	12,075	13,075
Austrian	0	10	0	1,205	520	685
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	10	780	365	410
Dutch	60	40	25	3,075	1,460	1,615
Flemish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	50	35	22,040	10,635	11,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	55	30	25
Swiss	0	0	0	325	145	185
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	65	25	40	9,150	4,295	4,860
Danish	25	10	10	830	335	490
Finnish	0	0	0	515	255	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	770	395	375
Norwegian	20	0	20	5,335	2,435	2,900
Swedish	25	10	10	2,635	1,245	1,390
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	315	175	145
Eastern European origins	10	10	0	20,815	10,005	10,810
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	380	170	210
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	170	75	90
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,700	835	870
Latvian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Polish	10	0	0	5,045	2,295	2,745
Romanian	0	0	0	800	340	460
Russian	0	0	0	3,480	1,695	1,790
Slovak	0	0	0	155	75	80
Ukrainian	0	10	0	13,295	6,440	6,860
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Southern European origins	10	0	0	2,800	1,320	1,475
Albanian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	15	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	260	125	135
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	330	155	185
Italian	0	10	0	1,110	580	530
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	40	110
Serbian	0	0	0	120	60	65
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Spanish	10	0	0	600	275	325
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	100	30	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	285	135	150
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	170	80	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	85	40	50
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	505	300	210
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	330	185	145
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	45	30	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	685	330	360
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Belizean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Chilean	0	0	0	85	40	50
Colombian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	120	75	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Salvadorean	0	0	0	70	40	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	15	25
African origins	0	0	0	1,865	945	915
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	585	320	265
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	60	45	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Guinean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	35	30	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	215	95	120
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Togolese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	35	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	15
North African origins	0	0	0	290	145	145
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Libyan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	75	25	50
Sudanese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	25	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	825	390	430
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	275	125	150
Ethiopian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	180	75	105
South African	0	0	0	135	55	80
Tanzanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	60	35	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	55	40	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	235	135	100
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	225	130	100
Asian origins	0	0	0	12,720	6,345	6,380
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,890	955	940
Afghan	0	0	0	95	50	45
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	275	135	135
Armenian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	100	45	60
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	305	180	125
Iraqi	0	0	0	440	230	205
Israeli	0	0	0	20	10	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	165	70	90
Palestinian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	35	10	20
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Syrian	0	0	0	110	55	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	15	0	15
Turk	0	0	0	140	70	65
Turkmen	0	0	0	15	0	15
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	15
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	50	10	35
South Asian origins	0	0	0	4,325	2,280	2,040
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	305	165	140
Bengali	0	0	0	75	50	25
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,435	1,325	1,110
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	35	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	115	60	60
Pakistani	0	0	0	1,035	515	520
Punjabi	0	0	0	275	145	130
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	135	75	65
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	235	120	115
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	6,530	3,105	3,425
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	3,940	1,940	2,000
Filipino	0	0	0	1,765	825	940
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	230	100	130
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	265	120	145
Laotian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	410	185	225
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	75	45	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Oceania origins	0	0	0	110	60	45
Australian	0	0	0	55	40	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	25	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Owner	505	...	...	24,290	...	...
Renter	60	...	...	9,545	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	8,330	...	...
Not condominium	560	...	...	25,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	160	...	...
1 bedroom	50	...	...	3,170	...	...
2 bedrooms	175	...	...	8,685	...	...
3 bedrooms	180	...	...	10,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	170	...	...	11,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	570	...	...	33,840	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	105	...	...	8,245	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	5,205	...	...
6 rooms	100	...	...	4,320	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...	4,120	...	...
8 or more rooms	210	...	...	11,945	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	570	...	...	33,215	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Suitable	555	...	...	32,555	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
1960 or before	145	...	...	6,230	...	...
1961 to 1980	170	...	...	10,250	...	...
1981 to 1990	110	...	...	4,835	...	...
1991 to 2000	80	...	...	2,800	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	2,025	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	3,125	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	4,570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	500	...	...	32,560	...	...
Major repairs needed	70	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	570	...	...	33,835	...	...
1 household maintainer	365	...	...	18,950	...	...
2 household maintainers	200	...	...	13,890	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	570	...	...	33,840	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	1,740	...	...
25 to 34 years	70	...	...	6,375	...	...
35 to 44 years	75	...	...	5,705	...	...
45 to 54 years	120	...	...	5,755	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	6,045	...	...
65 to 74 years	95	...	...	3,870	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	2,940	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	545	...	...	33,730	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	495	...	...	26,140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	7,590	...	...
30% to less than 100%	50	...	...	6,490	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	485	...	...	24,205	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.5	...	...	60.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.2	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	573	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	666	...	...	1,403	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,118	...	...	379,982	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	130,774	...	...	421,706	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	9,545	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	43.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	1,116	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	755	...	...	1,169	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,150	605	550	67,360	32,515	34,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	305	180	130	8,230	4,200	4,030
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	410	195	220	18,630	9,755	8,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	435	230	200	40,500	18,555	21,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	90	10	5,675	4,000	1,675
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	35	15	2,085	1,065	1,025
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	55	0	3,590	2,935	650
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260	120	135	11,590	4,055	7,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,155	865	1,295
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	70	20	50	21,085	9,640	11,445
Bachelor's degree	50	15	35	14,220	6,180	8,040
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	955	425	530
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	795	450	350
Master's degree	10	10	10	3,905	1,750	2,160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,210	845	360
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	700	355	350	44,290	21,655	22,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	50	50	2,505	1,555	955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	285	130	155	10,205	5,595	4,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	175	145	31,580	14,505	17,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	70	10	3,995	2,920	1,075
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	30	20	0	1,375	750	620
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45	45	0	2,615	2,165	450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	180	85	90	8,880	3,335	5,545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,480	605	875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	65	20	45	17,225	7,650	9,575
Bachelor's degree	45	15	35	11,585	4,970	6,615
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	740	305	440
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	675	345	325
Master's degree	10	0	0	3,305	1,405	1,905
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	925	635	285
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,155	605	555	67,360	32,515	34,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	715	365	350	26,860	13,960	12,900
Education	20	0	15	4,260	1,190	3,070
13. Education	25	0	15	4,260	1,190	3,075
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,055	510	550
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	220	175	45
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	840	335	505
Humanities	0	0	10	1,815	770	1,045
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	160	25	135
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	470	135	335
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	325	120	200
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	135	70	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	365	235	135
54. History	0	0	0	295	170	120
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	10	20	3,700	1,245	2,455
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	70	15	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	205	85	120
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	545	20	525
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	695	265	435
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	80	40	40
42. Psychology	10	0	15	770	205	570
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,330	615	715
Business, management and public administration	70	10	65	8,475	2,980	5,495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	670	140	530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	10	60	7,780	2,830	4,945
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	2,025	1,135	890
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,200	580	620
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	135	75	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	580	425	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	100	45	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	1,315	805	505
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	990	680	305
25. Library science	0	0	0	130	10	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	175	110	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	160	160	0	7,290	6,605	685
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	195	125	70
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,935	1,590	350
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	30	0	1,200	1,030	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	1,925	1,895	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0	1,360	1,320	40
48. Precision production	15	15	0	675	645	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	1,195	815	380
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	990	685	305
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	205	125	75
Health and related fields	65	10	60	7,335	1,610	5,725
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	610	275	335
51. Health professions and related programs	65	10	60	6,475	1,200	5,280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	255	140	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	15	20	2,045	890	1,155
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,345	285	1,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	10	415	345	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	275	255	15
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	705	355	350	44,290	21,660	22,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	385	180	205	12,710	7,145	5,565
Education	20	0	20	2,965	770	2,195
13. Education	20	0	20	2,965	775	2,190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	875	440	435
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	10	175	140	35
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	705	300	405
Humanities	0	0	0	1,405	595	815
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	25	110
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	370	115	255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	265	90	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	50	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	285	175	105
54. History	0	0	0	235	135	95
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	15	3,045	980	2,060
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	15	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	195	80	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	430	25	410
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	580	200	380
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	70	25	45
42. Psychology	10	0	10	555	135	425
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,145	510	640
Business, management and public administration	50	10	45	6,725	2,410	4,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	565	115	455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	0	40	6,135	2,290	3,845
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	1,615	920	700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	925	465	460
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	45	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	500	360	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	35	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0	1,160	745	415
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	910	640	270
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	0	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	130	85	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	120	115	0	5,655	5,060	595
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	170	115	55
14. Engineering	0	10	0	1,610	1,280	330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	0	975	825	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	30	0	1,380	1,360	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	1,015	985	30
48. Precision production	15	15	0	500	485	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	10	980	655	325
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	795	535	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	185	115	70
Health and related fields	40	10	35	5,585	1,235	4,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	470	205	270
51. Health professions and related programs	40	0	35	4,870	895	3,970
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	240	130	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	0	10	1,570	710	860
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,025	230	795
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	345	290	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	0	10	190	185	10
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,150	600	550	67,360	32,515	34,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	720	370	350	26,860	13,960	12,900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	435	230	200	40,505	18,555	21,945
Location of study inside Canada	425	225	200	34,380	15,570	18,810
Same as province or territory of residence	350	190	160	28,460	12,500	15,965
Different than province or territory of residence	75	35	40	5,920	3,075	2,845
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	6,125	2,985	3,140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	930	465	465
Philippines	0	0	0	775	305	470
India	0	0	0	640	320	320
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	365	210	155
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	720	325	395
France	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other	0	0	0	2,660	1,345	1,315
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	705	350	350	44,290	21,660	22,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	385	180	200	12,715	7,145	5,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	320	175	145	31,575	14,505	17,070
Location of study inside Canada	315	165	150	26,355	12,025	14,335
Same as province or territory of residence	265	155	110	21,640	9,570	12,065
Different than province or territory of residence	50	15	35	4,720	2,450	2,270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	5,220	2,485	2,735
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	645	290	350
Philippines	0	0	0	725	285	440
India	0	0	0	540	270	275
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	230	135	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	685	300	375
France	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other	0	0	0	2,360	1,185	1,175
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,150	600	555	67,365	32,515	34,845
In the labour force	685	400	285	46,820	24,355	22,465
Employed	555	300	255	44,030	22,775	21,255
Unemployed	125	100	25	2,790	1,585	1,205
Not in the labour force	470	195	270	20,535	8,155	12,380
Participation rate	59.6	66.7	51.4	69.5	74.9	64.5
Employment rate	48.3	50.0	45.9	65.4	70.0	61.0
Unemployment rate	18.2	25.0	8.8	6.0	6.5	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,150	600	550	67,365	32,515	34,845
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	425	175	250	18,105	7,110	10,995
Worked	730	430	300	49,260	25,400	23,855
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	375	230	140	24,315	13,770	10,545
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	355	200	160	24,945	11,635	13,310
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.4	40.8	39.8	42.5	43.3	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	685	400	280	46,825	24,355	22,465
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	615	310	310
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	675	395	275	46,205	24,050	22,155
Employee	605	350	255	41,270	21,095	20,180
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	70	50	20	4,935	2,955	1,980
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	685	405	280	46,820	24,360	22,465
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	615	310	305
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	675	395	275	46,205	24,050	22,160
0 Management occupations	55	30	25	5,150	3,430	1,720
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	55	0	50	6,995	2,040	4,960
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	15	10	3,435	2,590	850
3 Health occupations	40	10	30	4,180	895	3,285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	15	45	6,325	2,350	3,975
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	1,240	495	745
6 Sales and service occupations	150	60	85	10,565	4,675	5,890
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	175	165	10	6,515	6,170	345
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	70	20	875	710	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	25	0	915	690	230
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	685	400	280	46,825	24,360	22,465
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	615	310	310
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	675	400	275	46,210	24,050	22,155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	50	25	685	480	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	50	0	1,375	1,140	235
22 Utilities	10	10	0	290	220	70
23 Construction	60	50	15	4,330	3,800	525
31-33 Manufacturing	80	55	25	1,825	1,345	480
41 Wholesale trade	30	25	0	1,720	1,260	460
44-45 Retail trade	90	45	50	5,110	2,540	2,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	0	1,480	1,200	285
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	985	505	475
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	10	1,625	670	955
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	820	475	350
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	3,360	1,885	1,475
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	320	180	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	10	1,410	735	675
61 Educational services	25	10	20	5,235	1,900	3,335
62 Health care and social assistance	50	0	50	6,070	1,235	4,835
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	10	0	980	490	495
72 Accommodation and food services	50	10	40	3,705	1,590	2,115
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	10	15	2,150	935	1,215
91 Public administration	25	15	10	2,720	1,470	1,255
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	560	305	255	44,030	22,775	21,260
Worked at home	65	40	25	2,625	1,150	1,475
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	105	65	40
No fixed workplace address	100	75	20	5,190	3,985	1,200
Worked at usual place	400	190	205	36,115	17,570	18,545
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	395	190	205	36,115	17,570	18,545
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	40	25	32,100	15,045	17,060
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	215	95	120	2,735	1,665	1,075
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	110	45	65	955	640	315
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	320	225	100
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	495	265	230	41,305	21,555	19,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	475	260	210	34,175	18,485	15,690
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	2,365	755	1,610
Public transit	0	0	10	1,975	770	1,205
Walked	10	0	0	1,275	565	720
Bicycle	0	0	0	965	665	305
Other method	10	0	10	545	325	220
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	495	270	230	41,310	21,560	19,750
Less than 15 minutes	180	90	85	14,250	6,675	7,580
15 to 29 minutes	135	60	75	21,295	11,325	9,965
30 to 44 minutes	65	25	35	3,715	2,290	1,425
45 to 59 minutes	45	35	15	865	510	355
60 minutes and over	75	60	15	1,185	755	425
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	495	270	230	41,310	21,555	19,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	40	10	1,670	1,290	380
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	115	85	25	6,015	3,955	2,060
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	155	70	80	13,860	7,170	6,685
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	25	35	9,595	4,305	5,290
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	20	4,490	1,995	2,500
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	105	40	65	5,680	2,845	2,835
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	765	445	315	50,735	26,085	24,645
Single responses	745	440	305	50,465	25,955	24,505
Official languages	745	440	305	50,090	25,770	24,325
English	745	440	305	49,910	25,700	24,210
French	0	0	0	180	70	115
Non-official languages	0	0	0	370	190	180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	365	185	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	255	125	125
Chinese languages	0	0	0	250	130	125
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	35	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	190	85	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	270	130	145
English and French	15	10	10	50	10	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	225	115	105
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	765	450	315	50,735	26,090	24,650
None	740	440	300	49,160	25,335	23,830
English	0	0	0	250	100	150
French	15	0	15	380	175	205
Non-official language	10	10	0	915	460	455
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	890	455	435
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,325	695	630	80,020	39,060	40,955
Non-movers	1,250	660	595	66,120	32,175	33,950
Movers	75	40	40	13,890	6,880	7,010
Non-migrants	40	10	30	9,570	4,855	4,715
Migrants	35	25	10	4,325	2,025	2,295
Internal migrants	35	25	10	2,885	1,315	1,570
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	0	1,820	845	975
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	1,055	465	590
External migrants	0	0	0	1,440	715	725
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,295	675	620	76,020	36,980	39,035
Non-movers	1,005	525	480	40,335	19,420	20,910
Movers	285	150	135	35,690	17,560	18,125
Non-migrants	125	60	65	21,075	10,480	10,595
Migrants	160	85	75	14,610	7,075	7,530
Internal migrants	160	90	75	9,350	4,535	4,815
Intraprovincial migrants	140	80	65	5,410	2,615	2,800
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	3,940	1,920	2,015
External migrants	0	0	0	5,260	2,545	2,715

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cardwell, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cardwell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Saskatoon--Grasswood [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan