Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Manitou Rapids 11, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent Quebec [Health region, December 2017]			Manitou Rapids 11, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Map : Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Manitou Rapids 11, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	197,385	...	...	283	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	199,977	...	...	314	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.3	...	...	-9.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	103,220	...	...	103	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	89,833	...	...	96	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.9	...	...	12.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22,237.07	...	...	22.71	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	197,385	97,500	99,890	285	150	135
0 to 14 years	28,460	14,725	13,735	80	50	30
0 to 4 years	9,170	4,730	4,440	25	15	10
5 to 9 years	10,075	5,285	4,785	40	25	15
10 to 14 years	9,215	4,715	4,505	20	15	10
15 to 64 years	122,185	61,215	60,965	170	85	85
15 to 19 years	9,420	4,865	4,555	20	15	5
20 to 24 years	9,580	4,900	4,685	20	5	15
25 to 29 years	9,340	4,790	4,555	20	10	5
30 to 34 years	9,990	5,080	4,910	20	10	10
35 to 39 years	11,285	5,740	5,545	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	10,365	5,170	5,195	20	10	10
45 to 49 years	10,730	5,340	5,390	15	10	5
50 to 54 years	15,150	7,400	7,745	10	5	5
55 to 59 years	18,365	9,000	9,365	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	17,960	8,935	9,020	10	5	10
65 years and over	46,740	21,555	25,185	35	15	20
65 to 69 years	15,705	7,805	7,900	20	5	15
70 to 74 years	11,470	5,655	5,815	5	0	5
75 to 79 years	7,710	3,630	4,075	0	0	0
80 to 84 years	5,675	2,395	3,270	5	5	0
85 years and over	6,185	2,060	4,125	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	3,895	1,445	2,455	0	0	5
90 to 94 years	1,810	525	1,285	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	415	90	325	0	0	0
100 years and over	65	0	65	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.1	13.8	28.1	33.3	22.2
15 to 64 years	61.9	62.8	61.0	59.6	56.7	63.0
65 years and over	23.7	22.1	25.2	12.3	10.0	14.8
85 years and over	3.1	2.1	4.1	1.8	0.0	3.7
Average age of the population	45.7	44.7	46.8	32.9	30.6	35.4
Median age of the population	49.8	48.3	51.0	30.2	28.0	33.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
Single-detached house	58,745	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	670	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	29,310	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,580	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	1,365	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,210	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	18,560	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	590	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,110	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
1 person	31,415	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	34,935	...	...	25	...	...
3 persons	10,735	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	8,705	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	4,050	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	189,975	...	...	285	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	168,925	82,770	86,150	200	100	105
Married or living common law	100,100	50,065	50,040	85	45	45
Married	54,945	27,530	27,415	50	25	25
Living common law	45,160	22,535	22,625	35	15	15
Not married and not living common law	68,825	32,710	36,110	115	55	60
Never married	43,835	24,130	19,705	80	50	40
Separated	1,935	960	975	5	0	5
Divorced	10,950	4,860	6,090	15	10	10
Widowed	12,100	2,760	9,340	10	0	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	56,365	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	34,140	...	...	35	...	...
3 persons	10,190	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	8,370	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	3,665	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	56,360	...	...	70	...	...
Total couple families	49,065	...	...	40	...	...
Married couples	26,500	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	22,560	...	...	15	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,300	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	5,355	...	...	25	...	...
Male parent	1,945	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	49,060	...	...	40	...	...
Couples without children	29,495	...	...	15	...	...
Couples with children	19,570	...	...	30	...	...
1 child	8,185	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	7,860	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	3,525	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,300	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,645	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	2,005	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	650	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	38,250	18,845	19,405	50	30	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
One-census-family households	55,760	...	...	60	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	29,210	...	...	15	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	26,550	...	...	45	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	295	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	33,780	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	31,415	...	...	25	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,365	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	194,720	96,415	98,305	285	145	135
English only	150	85	65	280	150	130
French only	158,740	75,940	82,800	0	0	0
English and French	35,785	20,360	15,425	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	45	20	20	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	194,720	96,415	98,305	285	150	135
English	1,110	570	540	280	150	135
French	193,350	95,705	97,640	0	0	0
English and French	225	115	110	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,225	625	600	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	194,720	96,415	98,305	285	145	135
Single responses	194,075	96,070	98,005	250	135	120
Official languages	193,150	95,585	97,565	215	120	95
English	1,090	540	545	215	120	100
French	192,065	95,045	97,015	0	0	0
Non-official languages	920	480	440	35	10	25
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	35	10	20
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	915	480	435	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	120	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	15	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	105	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	170	100	70	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	425	205	220	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	290	130	160	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	215	95	115	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	645	350	300	30	15	15
English and French	455	245	210	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	10	35	20	20
French and non-official language	160	80	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	194,720	96,410	98,305	285	150	135
Single responses	193,990	96,040	97,945	270	140	125
Official languages	193,665	95,865	97,800	270	140	125
English	650	350	300	270	140	125
French	193,010	95,520	97,495	0	0	0
Non-official languages	325	175	150	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	325	175	145	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	25	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	5	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	55	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	85	45	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	375	355	15	10	10
English and French	435	235	205	0	0	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language	245	120	125	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	194,720	96,415	98,305	280	150	135
None	189,890	93,785	96,105	250	135	115
English	3,625	2,015	1,610	0	0	0
French	550	290	260	0	0	0
Non-official language	545	275	270	35	10	20
Aboriginal	10	5	5	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal	540	275	265	0	0	0
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	35	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	161,570	80,220	81,350	200	95	100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	157,900	78,580	79,325	185	90	95
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,538	35,375	25,954	18,400	18,912	18,304
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	157,935	78,585	79,355	185	85	100
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,570	31,158	24,039	18,400	18,912	18,304
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	136,810	70,040	66,770	140	70	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,537	31,359	22,406	15,072	15,008	15,456
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	128,000	61,600	66,405	170	80	90
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,167	9,011	9,302	6,736	5,083	8,352
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,875	57,260	50,615	120	60	60
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,523	31,546	23,971	15,072	15,008	15,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	161,580	80,250	81,330	200	100	100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,015	78,640	79,375	185	85	100
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,525	41,624	31,474	23,652	22,532	24,646
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,040	78,640	79,400	185	90	100
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,051	34,746	27,390	23,316	22,049	24,441
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,850	70,005	66,845	145	70	75
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,092	38,274	27,666	20,715	19,864	21,554
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,070	61,595	66,475	170	80	90
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,705	9,642	9,764	8,557	7,034	9,944
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,875	57,295	50,585	125	65	60
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,334	37,144	29,019	20,604	19,531	21,695
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	161,580	80,250	81,330	205	100	100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	44,730	24,250	20,480	45	20	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,585	45,355	38,109	34,112	34,176	32,768
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,000	51,179	42,052	35,284	34,527	35,798
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	81.7	74.2	68.6	72.6	65.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.4	65.2	58.8	56.5	62.6	52.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.6	18.3	25.8	33.2	29.5	36.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	161,565	80,220	81,350	200	95	105
Without total income	3,665	1,640	2,025	15	10	5
With total income	157,905	78,580	79,325	185	85	95
Percentage with total income	97.7	98.0	97.5	92.5	89.5	90.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,995	6,630	10,365	50	25	25
$10,000 to $19,999	33,570	13,505	20,060	45	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	27,060	12,565	14,500	30	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	24,240	12,565	11,675	25	20	10
$40,000 to $49,999	20,125	11,015	9,115	5	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	12,915	7,625	5,290	15	0	10
$60,000 to $69,999	7,855	4,895	2,955	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	5,700	3,280	2,420	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,265	2,025	1,245	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	1,300	580	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	4,300	3,165	1,130	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	3,085	2,290	790	0	0	0
$150,000 and over	1,215	875	340	5	0	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	161,565	80,220	81,350	200	100	100
Without after-tax income	3,630	1,635	1,995	15	10	5
With after-tax income	157,935	78,580	79,355	185	90	95
Percentage with after-tax income	97.8	98.0	97.5	92.5	90.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,750	6,790	10,955	55	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	35,180	14,245	20,940	50	20	25
$20,000 to $29,999	33,840	16,335	17,505	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	30,180	16,355	13,825	25	15	10
$40,000 to $49,999	19,160	11,210	7,950	10	5	0
$50,000 to $59,999	10,115	5,995	4,120	10	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,610	3,335	2,275	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,505	1,700	805	0	0	0
$80,000 and over	3,595	2,620	980	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,250	930	320	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	710	525	185	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,635	1,165	470	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	161,570	80,215	81,350	200	100	100
Without employment income	53,690	22,960	30,735	75	35	40
With employment income	107,880	57,260	50,615	120	60	60
Percentage with employment income	66.8	71.4	62.2	60.0	60.0	60.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,720	8,330	7,390	35	15	15
$5,000 to $9,999	8,820	3,705	5,110	10	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	16,930	7,685	9,245	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	16,240	7,715	8,520	20	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	14,935	7,905	7,035	15	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	11,515	6,715	4,805	5	5	0
$50,000 to $59,999	7,785	4,945	2,840	10	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,185	3,200	1,985	0	0	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,260	2,380	1,880	0	0	0
$80,000 and over	6,485	4,675	1,810	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,210	1,470	740	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,320	960	365	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,950	2,250	700	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,426	...	...	35,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,641	...	...	34,304	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	31,415	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,693	...	...	18,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,956	...	...	18,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	58,420	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,660	...	...	52,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,709	...	...	52,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,248	...	...	45,579	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,625	...	...	44,932	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	31,395	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,715	...	...	21,734	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,984	...	...	21,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	58,445	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,649	...	...	54,910	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,398	...	...	54,010	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,265	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,685	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,235	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,120	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,750	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	6,345	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5,285	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,930	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,505	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	8,365	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,080	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,430	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,385	...	...	0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,255	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,550	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,330	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,785	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,965	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,470	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
Under $5,000	690	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,290	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,720	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,495	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,830	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5,870	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,340	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	6,340	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,575	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5,255	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,595	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	8,040	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,470	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,990	...	...	0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,635	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,700	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,110	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,945	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,645	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	56,820	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,010	...	...	51,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,962	...	...	51,648	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	28,840	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,320	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,001	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,650	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,921	...	...	59,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,671	...	...	58,752	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,130	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,574	...	...	30,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,961	...	...	30,656	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	56,860	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,050	...	...	52,894	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,656	...	...	52,025	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	28,820	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,142	...	...	49,934	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,734	...	...	48,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,665	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,282	...	...	61,587	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,479	...	...	61,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,160	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,193	...	...	36,061	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,108	...	...	35,564	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35,635	17,590	18,050	35	20	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,726	28,416	23,851	18,368	22,688	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,228	25,894	22,872	18,368	22,688	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	35,585	17,745	17,845	35	20	15
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,682	34,291	31,082	21,996	24,024	18,447
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,193	29,146	27,245	21,932	23,923	18,447
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	189,975	94,910	95,065	285	145	135
In the bottom half of the distribution	122,265	60,085	62,180	250	130	120
In the bottom decile	15,475	7,520	7,950	95	50	45
In the second decile	26,670	12,360	14,310	60	30	30
In the third decile	27,105	13,510	13,595	25	15	10
In the fourth decile	27,690	13,900	13,790	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	25,330	12,795	12,530	40	20	25
In the top half of the distribution	67,705	34,820	32,880	30	15	15
In the sixth decile	22,310	11,445	10,865	15	10	10
In the seventh decile	18,285	9,355	8,935	10	5	0
In the eighth decile	13,340	6,820	6,525	0	0	0
In the ninth decile	8,605	4,505	4,100	5	5	0
In the top decile	5,160	2,695	2,465	0	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	189,975	94,910	95,065	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	33,880	17,570	16,310	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	11,180	5,765	5,415	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	115,460	57,640	57,820	0	0	0
65 years and over	40,640	19,705	20,940	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	29,830	13,930	15,900	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	3,835	2,005	1,835	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,220	660	565	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15,510	7,510	8,000	0	0	0
65 years and over	10,480	4,415	6,065	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.7	14.7	16.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	11.4	11.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.4	10.4	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	13.0	13.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	25.8	22.4	29.0	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,450	4,860	4,590	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,060	550	510	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	325	175	155	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,825	4,080	3,740	0	0	0
65 years and over	565	230	340	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	4.8	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.1	3.1	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	7.1	6.5	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.6	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	189,975	94,900	95,075	285	150	135
Official languages	189,925	94,880	95,050	285	150	135
English	35,360	20,220	15,135	285	145	135
French	189,820	94,815	95,000	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,735	1,695	2,035	75	35	40
Aboriginal languages	25	0	20	70	30	40
Algonquian languages	20	10	20	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	75	35	40
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,710	1,690	2,015	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	160	95	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	230	145	85	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	140	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	120	55	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,960	1,285	1,675	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	80	55	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	80	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	100	60	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	185	185	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	50	25	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	290	135	150	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,515	1,055	1,460	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	205	85	120	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	40	25	0	0	0
Romanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,315	975	1,340	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	175	100	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	45	40	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	40	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	189,975	94,900	95,075	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	188,545	94,115	94,430	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	33,655	17,390	16,270	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	154,885	76,720	78,165	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,430	785	645	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	189,975	94,900	95,075	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	186,980	93,380	93,605	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,445	1,235	1,210	0	0	0
Before 1981	460	230	230	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	220	100	115	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	350	140	205	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	800	390	415	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	355	165	195	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	450	225	220	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	615	370	245	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	550	290	265	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,445	1,235	1,210	0	0	0
Under 5 years	505	185	320	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	410	185	225	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	410	215	195	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,000	570	430	0	0	0
45 years and over	125	80	40	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,445	1,235	1,210	0	0	0
Americas	545	230	315	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	65	35	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	100	40	60	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	220	85	135	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	55	85	0	0	0
Europe	1,015	590	425	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	650	385	270	0	0	0
Germany	30	10	15	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	215	130	85	0	0	0
Africa	405	235	175	0	0	0
Algeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	45	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	310	170	145	0	0	0
Asia	475	180	295	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	235	30	205	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	615	370	245	0	0	0
Americas	80	30	50	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	220	155	65	0	0	0
France	170	130	45	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	195	115	85	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	55	25	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	55	45	0	0	0
Asia	115	65	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	25	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	189,975	94,900	95,075	280	150	135
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,165	1,605	1,555	20	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,945	1,360	1,580	25	10	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	183,870	91,930	91,930	240	130	110
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,015	1,025	995	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	990	540	450	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	325	215	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	450	215	235	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	915	425	490	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	110	55	50	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	189,975	94,900	95,075	285	145	135
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,540	1,800	1,740	275	145	135
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,265	1,685	1,580	270	145	130
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,085	535	555	275	140	130
Métis	2,140	1,145	995	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	35	10	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	115	65	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	160	55	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	186,440	93,100	93,335	10	0	0
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	189,975	94,905	95,075	285	145	135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	955	460	495	270	140	125
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	189,020	94,435	94,580	10	0	10
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	189,975	94,900	95,075	285	150	135
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,230	1,150	1,080	220	120	100
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,130	1,105	1,030	220	120	100
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,295	645	650	220	115	100
Métis single ancestry	805	450	350	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	95	50	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	85	45	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,485	2,125	2,355	55	25	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,400	2,070	2,325	50	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,165	1,435	1,725	55	20	30
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,230	635	595	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	85	50	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	50	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	183,265	91,625	91,635	10	10	10
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	189,975	94,900	95,075	285	150	135
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,835	895	940	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	70	45	20	0	0	0
Chinese	320	45	275	0	0	0
Black	705	390	315	0	0	0
Filipino	40	30	10	0	0	0
Latin American	175	75	95	0	0	0
Arab	230	135	95	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	45	30	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	25	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	75	45	30	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	188,145	94,005	94,135	280	145	135
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	189,975	94,900	95,075	285	145	135
North American Aboriginal origins	6,715	3,275	3,435	275	145	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,640	2,180	2,460	275	140	130
Inuit	60	15	50	0	0	0
Métis	2,195	1,190	1,010	0	0	0
Other North American origins	156,510	77,815	78,695	10	0	0
Acadian	1,055	520	530	0	0	0
American	675	330	345	10	0	0
Canadian	152,530	75,820	76,710	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Québécois	3,810	1,940	1,870	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,635	26,700	26,935	60	25	35
British Isles origins	8,865	4,255	4,615	15	10	10
Channel Islander	85	40	45	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	1,820	885	940	0	0	0
Irish	5,205	2,450	2,750	10	0	10
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,530	1,175	1,350	10	0	0
Welsh	40	20	20	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	145	65	85	0	0	0
French origins	47,140	23,610	23,530	10	0	10
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	260	150	110	0	0	0
Corsican	15	0	10	0	0	0
French	47,030	23,535	23,490	10	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,160	1,040	1,120	15	10	10
Austrian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	450	200	250	0	0	0
Dutch	215	105	105	0	0	0
Flemish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,295	630	670	15	0	10
Luxembourger	45	15	25	0	0	0
Swiss	285	130	150	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	70	80	10	0	0
Danish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	330	185	150	15	15	10
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	75	60	0	0	0
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Russian	40	25	10	10	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	50	25	15	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,405	700	705	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	20	75	0	0	0
Italian	910	480	430	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	50	75	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	340	185	150	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	265	150	115	0	0	0
Basque	60	35	25	0	0	0
Jewish	50	40	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	155	75	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	295	135	160	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	195	95	100	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	35	10	20	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	325	140	185	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	65	40	20	0	0	0
Colombian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	20	35	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	830	495	340	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	285	165	115	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	65	50	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	35	20	0	0	0
North African origins	300	175	125	0	0	0
Algerian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	30	20	10	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	185	105	80	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	30	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	75	70	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	40	25	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other African origins	115	80	30	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	100	70	35	0	0	0
Asian origins	895	400	495	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	265	155	110	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	70	55	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	55	25	25	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	575	215	360	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	400	110	295	0	0	0
Filipino	50	45	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	40	25	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	35	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	20	0	0	0	0
Australian	20	20	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
Owner	63,320	...	...	35	...	...
Renter	26,515	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
Condominium	4,960	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	84,875	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
No bedrooms	490	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	10,255	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	23,795	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	30,330	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	24,955	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	24,190	...	...	40	...	...
5 rooms	13,860	...	...	25	...	...
6 rooms	12,855	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	12,510	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	26,420	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
One person or fewer per room	89,670	...	...	85	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
Suitable	88,855	...	...	75	...	...
Not suitable	975	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	89,835	...	...	95	...	...
1960 or before	30,550	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	27,905	...	...	20	...	...
1981 to 1990	12,570	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,620	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,035	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,055	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,090	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	89,830	...	...	100	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	83,570	...	...	85	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,260	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
1 household maintainer	58,760	...	...	75	...	...
2 household maintainers	30,565	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	505	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	89,830	...	...	95	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,890	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,095	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	12,130	...	...	20	...	...
45 to 54 years	15,105	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	22,015	...	...	15	...	...
65 to 74 years	17,290	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	7,965	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	2,350	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	88,595	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	75,030	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	13,565	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,395	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	62,270	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	661	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	787	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,451	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	168,853	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,365	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	557	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	161,580	80,255	81,330	200	95	100
No certificate, diploma or degree	38,540	20,565	17,975	75	35	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	32,515	14,485	18,030	50	20	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90,525	45,205	45,320	75	40	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35,930	22,880	13,055	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	26,205	15,180	11,025	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	9,725	7,695	2,025	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	28,435	11,745	16,695	35	20	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,270	1,830	3,440	0	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,885	8,745	12,140	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree	14,860	5,785	9,085	15	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,730	830	900	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	630	295	335	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,050	1,440	1,610	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	610	400	215	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	102,065	50,815	51,250	130	70	60
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,655	9,425	7,230	35	20	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,615	8,065	9,550	35	20	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,800	33,330	34,470	55	35	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	28,045	17,445	10,605	10	10	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20,700	11,650	9,050	0	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,345	5,795	1,550	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,265	8,475	11,785	30	15	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,285	1,190	2,095	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,205	6,225	9,985	15	10	0
Bachelor's degree	11,600	4,220	7,380	10	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,190	465	720	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	525	210	310	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,440	1,065	1,370	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	455	255	200	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	161,580	80,255	81,330	200	100	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	71,055	35,050	36,005	125	55	65
Education	9,000	2,050	6,955	0	0	10
13. Education	8,995	2,045	6,950	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,980	745	1,230	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	295	210	85	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,680	535	1,145	0	0	0
Humanities	3,295	1,455	1,835	10	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	15	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,760	775	980	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	165	105	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	135	125	0	0	0
54. History	260	195	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	590	210	385	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,725	1,395	3,330	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	25	35	0	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	160	285	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,510	75	1,435	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	590	180	410	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	195	35	160	0	0	0
42. Psychology	820	235	585	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,105	695	415	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	18,180	5,140	13,045	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	10	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,405	225	1,175	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,735	4,905	11,830	15	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,425	1,275	1,150	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	975	480	495	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	225	125	95	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	505	205	300	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	580	390	190	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	145	75	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,795	1,170	620	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,460	1,040	415	0	0	0
25. Library science	170	40	130	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	65	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	22,595	21,455	1,135	10	10	10
04. Architecture and related services	595	340	255	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,370	1,230	140	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,885	3,570	310	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,700	5,595	110	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,345	6,165	180	0	10	0
48. Precision production	4,700	4,560	140	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,920	3,720	1,200	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,715	1,860	855	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,200	1,860	340	10	10	0
Health and related fields	12,905	2,170	10,735	0	10	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	825	445	375	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	11,920	1,635	10,285	10	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	85	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,675	4,620	4,065	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	4,960	1,175	3,785	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,135	935	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,560	2,480	75	0	0	0
Other	40	10	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	10	30	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	102,065	50,815	51,250	130	65	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,270	17,480	16,785	70	40	35
Education	5,455	1,100	4,360	0	0	0
13. Education	5,460	1,100	4,360	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,520	560	955	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	225	155	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,295	405	890	0	0	0
Humanities	1,895	835	1,060	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	15	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	950	465	485	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	55	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	35	60	0	0	0
54. History	190	130	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	375	115	260	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,700	1,010	2,690	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	110	235	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,240	60	1,170	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	425	100	325	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	120	20	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	645	175	465	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	890	535	350	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	14,410	3,750	10,650	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,115	170	945	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,270	3,570	9,695	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,605	845	760	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	780	375	405	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	90	65	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	95	45	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	445	280	170	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	60	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,470	970	500	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,255	890	365	0	0	0
25. Library science	130	30	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	35	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,190	16,260	930	10	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	475	260	215	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,100	965	135	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,995	2,755	240	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,140	4,050	85	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,755	4,630	125	0	0	0
48. Precision production	3,720	3,595	130	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,970	2,935	1,035	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,165	1,440	720	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,810	1,490	320	0	10	0
Health and related fields	9,670	1,545	8,120	10	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	610	330	285	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,925	1,170	7,760	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	135	55	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,880	3,510	3,375	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	4,020	870	3,155	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	830	680	150	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,020	1,950	70	10	0	0
Other	35	10	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	10	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	161,580	80,250	81,325	200	100	100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	71,055	35,050	36,005	125	60	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	90,525	45,200	45,320	75	40	35
Location of study inside Canada	89,380	44,575	44,800	60	30	35
Same as province or territory of residence	87,860	43,765	44,090	60	30	30
Different than province or territory of residence	1,520	810	710	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,145	625	520	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	200	120	80	15	10	0
Philippines	25	25	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	510	300	210	0	0	0
Other	355	160	200	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	102,065	50,815	51,250	125	70	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,265	17,485	16,785	75	35	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	67,800	33,335	34,470	55	35	25
Location of study inside Canada	66,945	32,885	34,060	50	20	25
Same as province or territory of residence	66,045	32,450	33,595	45	25	20
Different than province or territory of residence	900	435	470	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	850	445	405	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	75	40	10	10	0
Philippines	25	25	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	375	200	175	0	0	0
Other	295	130	160	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	161,585	80,255	81,330	200	100	105
In the labour force	94,575	49,660	44,910	115	55	60
Employed	86,100	43,820	42,280	100	45	55
Unemployed	8,470	5,845	2,635	15	10	10
Not in the labour force	67,005	30,590	36,420	85	40	40
Participation rate	58.5	61.9	55.2	57.5	55.0	57.1
Employment rate	53.3	54.6	52.0	50.0	45.0	52.4
Unemployment rate	9.0	11.8	5.9	13.0	18.2	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	161,580	80,250	81,330	200	100	105
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	60,720	27,285	33,435	80	40	45
Worked	100,865	52,970	47,895	120	60	60
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	45,450	24,670	20,780	55	25	30
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	55,410	28,295	27,115	65	40	30
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	40.8	41.5	37.5	35.3	39.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	94,575	49,665	44,910	120	55	60
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,770	1,055	710	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	92,810	48,605	44,195	115	55	55
Employee	82,570	42,490	40,080	105	55	55
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,235	6,120	4,120	10	10	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	94,575	49,660	44,910	115	55	60
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,770	1,055	710	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	92,810	48,610	44,195	115	55	60
0 Management occupations	8,800	5,625	3,175	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,550	3,235	9,315	10	0	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,420	3,340	1,080	0	10	0
3 Health occupations	7,565	1,265	6,300	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	11,300	2,920	8,375	25	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,730	710	1,025	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	21,545	8,825	12,720	20	10	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,290	14,800	490	25	20	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,075	3,440	635	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,535	4,440	1,095	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	94,575	49,665	44,915	115	55	60
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	1,055	715	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	92,805	48,605	44,200	115	60	55
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,220	4,750	1,475	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	825	715	105	10	0	0
22 Utilities	685	545	135	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,800	5,225	570	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	10,300	8,185	2,115	15	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,195	1,760	440	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	12,145	5,765	6,375	10	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,180	3,390	790	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,995	1,225	770	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,090	595	1,495	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	895	550	350	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,530	1,635	1,895	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,665	1,760	900	0	0	10
61 Educational services	7,235	2,155	5,080	10	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	13,920	2,420	11,500	20	10	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,325	720	605	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	6,300	2,085	4,215	0	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,165	2,360	2,805	10	0	0
91 Public administration	5,305	2,760	2,540	20	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	86,095	43,815	42,275	100	40	55
Worked at home	6,565	3,170	3,395	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	95	75	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,060	5,445	1,610	0	10	0
Worked at usual place	72,385	35,135	37,250	90	40	50
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	72,385	35,135	37,255	90	40	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	41,725	19,530	22,195	40	20	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,820	9,015	9,805	45	15	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,375	6,305	5,075	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	465	290	180	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	79,445	40,580	38,865	90	40	55
Car, truck, van - as a driver	68,155	35,135	33,025	55	25	30
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,880	1,260	1,620	20	10	10
Public transit	650	375	270	10	10	0
Walked	6,090	2,700	3,390	15	0	10
Bicycle	620	460	160	0	0	0
Other method	1,055	650	400	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	79,445	40,580	38,865	90	45	50
Less than 15 minutes	44,775	21,625	23,150	60	25	30
15 to 29 minutes	22,250	11,405	10,840	20	10	15
30 to 44 minutes	7,495	4,175	3,320	10	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,310	1,355	955	0	10	0
60 minutes and over	2,615	2,015	600	0	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	79,445	40,580	38,865	90	40	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,280	3,160	1,115	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,015	8,615	3,400	10	0	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	29,515	14,385	15,125	20	10	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	17,550	6,505	11,045	45	15	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,055	1,640	3,415	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,040	6,275	4,760	0	0	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	103,335	54,225	49,115	135	65	70
Single responses	101,930	53,370	48,555	130	65	65
Official languages	101,925	53,370	48,550	125	65	65
English	1,125	695	435	130	65	65
French	100,795	52,680	48,115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,410	855	560	10	0	0
English and French	1,390	845	545	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	103,340	54,225	49,110	135	65	70
None	92,815	47,880	44,935	130	65	65
English	9,665	5,825	3,840	0	0	0
French	720	450	275	0	0	0
Non-official language	80	40	40	10	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	70	40	35	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	188,215	93,955	94,265	280	145	135
Non-movers	170,895	85,470	85,425	250	125	120
Movers	17,325	8,480	8,845	30	20	15
Non-migrants	9,775	4,835	4,935	15	10	10
Migrants	7,545	3,640	3,905	15	10	10
Internal migrants	7,335	3,530	3,805	15	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	7,140	3,415	3,720	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	195	115	80	0	0	0
External migrants	220	115	105	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	180,835	90,280	90,555	255	130	125
Non-movers	128,770	64,715	64,060	190	100	90
Movers	52,065	25,565	26,500	65	35	35
Non-migrants	27,885	13,775	14,115	20	10	15
Migrants	24,180	11,795	12,380	50	30	20
Internal migrants	23,280	11,290	11,990	40	25	20
Intraprovincial migrants	22,640	10,950	11,690	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	640	340	295	10	0	0
External migrants	895	500	390	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Manitou Rapids 11, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Manitou Rapids 11, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Manitou Rapids 11, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région du Bas-Saint-Laurent [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Manitou Rapids 11, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario