Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue Quebec [Health region, December 2017]			Division No. 4, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Map : Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	146,717	...	...	10,854	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	145,690	...	...	10,879	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	-0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	71,211	...	...	5,262	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	64,575	...	...	4,181	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.5	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	57,736.50	...	...	21,366.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	146,715	73,895	72,825	10,855	5,405	5,455
0 to 14 years	25,110	12,850	12,260	2,015	1,015	1,000
0 to 4 years	8,325	4,220	4,110	695	365	330
5 to 9 years	8,880	4,565	4,315	635	325	310
10 to 14 years	7,905	4,065	3,840	685	325	360
15 to 64 years	95,685	48,890	46,795	6,775	3,360	3,410
15 to 19 years	8,110	4,190	3,920	700	365	330
20 to 24 years	8,485	4,385	4,100	580	295	285
25 to 29 years	8,570	4,470	4,100	570	275	295
30 to 34 years	8,665	4,490	4,180	600	285	315
35 to 39 years	8,810	4,410	4,395	560	280	280
40 to 44 years	8,315	4,265	4,055	565	275	290
45 to 49 years	8,805	4,395	4,415	615	285	330
50 to 54 years	11,865	6,025	5,840	810	400	405
55 to 59 years	12,930	6,555	6,375	965	475	490
60 to 64 years	11,130	5,705	5,425	815	425	390
65 years and over	25,920	12,160	13,765	2,065	1,025	1,040
65 to 69 years	8,920	4,560	4,365	640	340	305
70 to 74 years	6,555	3,225	3,325	500	265	230
75 to 79 years	4,425	2,065	2,365	335	170	165
80 to 84 years	3,130	1,345	1,780	305	140	165
85 years and over	2,895	970	1,925	280	105	175
85 to 89 years	1,980	705	1,275	165	70	95
90 to 94 years	770	230	535	95	35	60
95 to 99 years	130	30	95	15	0	15
100 years and over	15	0	15	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.4	16.8	18.6	18.8	18.3
15 to 64 years	65.2	66.2	64.3	62.4	62.2	62.5
65 years and over	17.7	16.5	18.9	19.0	19.0	19.1
85 years and over	2.0	1.3	2.6	2.6	1.9	3.2
Average age of the population	41.8	41.1	42.5	41.9	41.5	42.2
Median age of the population	43.4	42.5	44.3	43.6	43.3	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
Single-detached house	39,675	...	...	3,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	245	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	23,920	...	...	305	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,675	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	1,160	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,435	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,295	...	...	200	...	...
Other single-attached house	355	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	735	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 person	21,400	...	...	1,340	...	...
2 persons	24,195	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	8,075	...	...	425	...	...
4 persons	7,100	...	...	420	...	...
5 or more persons	3,810	...	...	325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	143,155	...	...	9,405	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	121,605	61,050	60,560	8,845	4,390	4,455
Married or living common law	72,875	36,375	36,500	5,680	2,830	2,855
Married	36,925	18,420	18,505	5,090	2,540	2,555
Living common law	35,955	17,955	17,995	590	295	300
Not married and not living common law	48,730	24,670	24,060	3,160	1,560	1,595
Never married	32,440	18,745	13,695	2,030	1,150	880
Separated	1,725	835	890	155	75	85
Divorced	7,235	3,410	3,825	420	210	205
Widowed	7,335	1,685	5,650	555	120	435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	41,855	...	...	2,785	...	...
2 persons	23,960	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	7,760	...	...	420	...	...
4 persons	6,830	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	3,305	...	...	290	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	41,855	...	...	2,785	...	...
Total couple families	35,815	...	...	2,515	...	...
Married couples	17,840	...	...	2,215	...	...
Common-law couples	17,970	...	...	295	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,045	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	4,110	...	...	205	...	...
Male parent	1,935	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	35,815	...	...	2,515	...	...
Couples without children	20,310	...	...	1,495	...	...
Couples with children	15,505	...	...	1,020	...	...
1 child	6,015	...	...	355	...	...
2 children	6,350	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	3,140	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,045	...	...	275	...	...
1 child	3,650	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	1,750	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	640	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,920	14,315	12,600	1,605	850	750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
One-census-family households	41,145	...	...	2,725	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,025	...	...	1,480	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,125	...	...	1,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	350	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	23,080	...	...	1,425	...	...
One-person households	21,400	...	...	1,340	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,685	...	...	85	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	145,415	73,365	72,055	10,700	5,335	5,365
English only	1,865	890	975	10,380	5,200	5,185
French only	101,890	48,795	53,090	5	0	0
English and French	41,580	23,635	17,945	275	115	160
Neither English nor French	80	40	40	35	20	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	145,415	73,360	72,055	10,700	5,335	5,365
English	5,005	2,415	2,590	10,525	5,250	5,275
French	139,815	70,645	69,175	135	60	70
English and French	520	265	255	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	75	35	40	35	20	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,265	2,550	2,720	135	65	75
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.6	3.5	3.8	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	145,420	73,365	72,055	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	144,090	72,695	71,400	10,600	5,295	5,310
Official languages	141,580	71,420	70,160	9,040	4,545	4,500
English	4,455	2,145	2,310	8,775	4,425	4,355
French	137,125	69,275	67,850	270	120	150
Non-official languages	2,510	1,275	1,240	1,555	745	810
Aboriginal languages	1,115	530	585	65	30	45
Algonquian languages	1,095	525	575	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	290	140	155	65	25	40
Atikamekw	35	20	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	205	90	115	60	25	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	805	385	420	0	0	0
Algonquin	795	385	410	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	5	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,400	745	655	1,490	720	765
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	230	160	0	0	0
Berber languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	25	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	335	195	140	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	335	190	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	30	195	95	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	155	80	75
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	625	330	300	1,235	600	640
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	90	65	25	15	10
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	90	65	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	40	35	5	0	0
Russian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	45	60	1,165	565	600
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	20	5	10	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	80	35	50	1,135	555	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	0	10	10	5
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	5	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	170	160	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	20	15	5	0	5
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	200	90	105	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	65	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	5
Wolof	30	15	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	20	15	10
Chinese languages	45	20	30	20	10	10
Cantonese	15	0	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	10	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	670	655	95	45	55
English and French	820	415	400	35	15	15
English and non-official language	70	35	35	65	30	35
French and non-official language	375	190	190	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	30	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	145,415	73,360	72,055	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	143,675	72,495	71,180	10,290	5,145	5,145
Official languages	142,885	72,095	70,785	9,340	4,675	4,660
English	4,125	2,065	2,060	9,315	4,665	4,650
French	138,760	70,030	68,730	20	10	10
Non-official languages	795	400	390	955	470	485
Aboriginal languages	375	180	195	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	375	180	195	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	50	15	5	5
Atikamekw	15	10	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	280	130	145	0	0	0
Algonquin	280	135	145	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	220	195	940	465	475
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	65	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	55	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	55	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	100	50	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	95	85	805	395	405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	5
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	5	775	385	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	765	380	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	70	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	0	5	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	90	40	45	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages	30	15	10	10	0	5
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,740	865	875	410	190	220
English and French	835	425	410	5	5	5
English and non-official language	95	45	50	405	190	215
French and non-official language	725	350	375	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	145,415	73,365	72,055	10,700	5,335	5,365
None	136,135	68,485	67,655	9,660	4,825	4,830
English	6,310	3,375	2,940	820	405	415
French	1,450	750	705	35	10	25
Non-official language	1,270	620	650	180	85	95
Aboriginal	645	300	350	50	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	625	325	305	135	70	65
English and French	50	30	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	85	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	118,100	59,755	58,345	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,005	58,585	56,420	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,881	42,923	26,273	36,207	42,022	31,187
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,025	58,585	56,445	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,222	36,886	24,300	33,137	37,205	28,763
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	101,085	53,080	48,005	7,180	3,655	3,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,629	40,512	23,145	32,507	38,673	26,568
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,615	40,225	45,390	5,145	2,340	2,805
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,466	8,383	8,532	6,309	5,784	6,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,135	45,400	38,730	6,195	3,260	2,940
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,382	43,743	24,915	28,466	33,333	24,816
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	118,100	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,015	58,605	56,410	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,402	53,436	32,978	44,108	51,628	36,465
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,025	58,610	56,420	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,253	41,839	28,411	37,304	42,496	32,027
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	100,920	52,940	47,985	7,215	3,710	3,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,308	51,802	29,729	40,769	48,302	32,795
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,375	40,195	45,180	5,105	2,370	2,730
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,641	9,685	9,602	7,979	7,741	8,186
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,135	45,535	38,595	6,195	3,285	2,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,552	52,334	31,011	37,168	42,828	30,776
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	118,105	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,910	3,855
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,340	20,150	15,195	3,060	1,830	1,235
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,321	58,835	39,520	41,079	42,844	39,074
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,768	67,643	44,669	48,660	53,155	41,995
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	87.4	76.9	87.7	90.5	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.5	75.7	64.6	68.3	70.9	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.6	23.1	12.3	9.4	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	118,100	59,750	58,345	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without total income	3,095	1,170	1,920	200	100	100
With total income	115,005	58,585	56,420	7,565	3,810	3,760
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.1	96.7	97.4	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,565	5,235	8,330	860	390	470
$10,000 to $19,999	20,860	7,780	13,080	1,175	480	695
$20,000 to $29,999	17,435	7,475	9,965	1,130	470	660
$30,000 to $39,999	14,540	6,710	7,830	1,045	470	570
$40,000 to $49,999	13,045	6,695	6,350	930	490	440
$50,000 to $59,999	9,600	5,730	3,870	665	355	310
$60,000 to $69,999	6,745	4,425	2,320	475	285	185
$70,000 to $79,999	5,170	3,345	1,825	325	210	110
$80,000 to $89,999	3,580	2,435	1,140	260	140	115
$90,000 to $99,999	2,585	2,035	545	205	125	75
$100,000 and over	7,875	6,715	1,160	510	380	130
$100,000 to $149,999	5,860	5,045	815	365	260	105
$150,000 and over	2,015	1,670	345	145	115	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	118,100	59,755	58,350	7,765	3,905	3,855
Without after-tax income	3,070	1,165	1,900	200	100	100
With after-tax income	115,030	58,585	56,445	7,565	3,805	3,760
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	98.0	96.7	97.4	97.4	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,930	5,345	8,585	885	400	480
$10,000 to $19,999	22,025	8,230	13,795	1,235	505	730
$20,000 to $29,999	21,105	9,275	11,830	1,295	555	745
$30,000 to $39,999	18,960	9,365	9,595	1,285	625	655
$40,000 to $49,999	14,255	8,500	5,750	1,000	525	470
$50,000 to $59,999	8,890	5,755	3,130	640	385	260
$60,000 to $69,999	6,010	3,990	2,020	430	260	170
$70,000 to $79,999	3,765	2,995	775	290	175	115
$80,000 and over	6,085	5,125	960	510	370	140
$80,000 to $89,999	2,205	1,895	310	180	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	1,305	1,110	200	115	90	30
$100,000 and over	2,575	2,120	455	215	170	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	118,100	59,750	58,345	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without employment income	33,960	14,345	19,610	1,570	645	925
With employment income	84,135	45,405	38,730	6,195	3,260	2,935
Percentage with employment income	71.2	76.0	66.4	79.8	83.5	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,795	5,315	5,485	1,040	550	490
$5,000 to $9,999	6,560	2,680	3,880	530	240	285
$10,000 to $19,999	11,455	4,560	6,895	870	390	480
$20,000 to $29,999	10,065	4,140	5,915	755	340	420
$30,000 to $39,999	9,680	4,310	5,375	750	350	400
$40,000 to $49,999	8,305	4,435	3,875	595	325	270
$50,000 to $59,999	6,585	4,235	2,350	425	235	190
$60,000 to $69,999	4,935	3,390	1,540	320	215	110
$70,000 to $79,999	4,235	2,725	1,510	220	140	80
$80,000 and over	11,515	9,610	1,905	695	480	210
$80,000 to $89,999	2,750	2,060	695	175	100	80
$90,000 to $99,999	2,225	1,815	405	160	105	60
$100,000 and over	6,545	5,740	805	355	280	75
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,273	...	...	65,139	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,093	...	...	58,054	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	21,400	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,637	...	...	34,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,002	...	...	31,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	43,175	...	...	2,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,411	...	...	84,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,935	...	...	74,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	80,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,795	...	...	67,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	21,395	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,387	...	...	42,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,689	...	...	35,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	43,185	...	...	2,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,092	...	...	98,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,709	...	...	83,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
Under $5,000	585	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	925	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,305	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,560	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,500	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,830	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,555	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,315	...	...	210	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,105	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,835	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,150	...	...	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,505	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,160	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,680	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,285	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,265	...	...	1,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,380	...	...	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,390	...	...	285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,205	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,285	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
Under $5,000	615	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	935	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,335	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,750	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,945	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,360	...	...	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,330	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,070	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,710	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,340	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,065	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,395	...	...	360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,790	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,960	...	...	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,330	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,670	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,510	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,700	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,460	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	41,950	...	...	2,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,817	...	...	84,565	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,093	...	...	74,673	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	19,715	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,160	...	...	77,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,698	...	...	68,809	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,600	...	...	1,020	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,279	...	...	105,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,433	...	...	91,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,835	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,060	...	...	52,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,326	...	...	47,232	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	41,930	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,426	...	...	98,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,862	...	...	82,878	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	19,680	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,579	...	...	91,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,969	...	...	76,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,570	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,359	...	...	116,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,318	...	...	98,772	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,865	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,278	...	...	60,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,410	...	...	53,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,785	13,270	11,515	1,510	800	705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,469	34,215	23,892	34,528	39,056	29,184
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,159	30,176	22,998	31,152	35,040	27,093
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,780	13,435	11,345	1,545	830	710
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,288	44,513	30,916	41,675	43,483	39,564
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,886	35,877	27,160	35,328	36,253	34,249
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,725	4,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	77,570	37,990	39,575	4,835	2,335	2,500
In the bottom decile	11,995	5,770	6,225	815	425	385
In the second decile	16,190	7,345	8,845	1,030	460	570
In the third decile	16,455	8,135	8,320	950	440	510
In the fourth decile	16,485	8,270	8,220	1,050	525	530
In the fifth decile	16,440	8,470	7,970	985	485	500
In the top half of the distribution	65,585	34,585	31,000	4,570	2,390	2,175
In the sixth decile	16,460	8,620	7,845	975	510	465
In the seventh decile	15,875	8,320	7,555	975	520	460
In the eighth decile	14,275	7,475	6,805	935	500	435
In the ninth decile	11,150	5,990	5,160	985	510	480
In the top decile	7,825	4,175	3,645	695	365	335
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	140,070	71,065	69,005	9,240	4,655	4,585
0 to 17 years	28,580	14,655	13,925	1,930	980	945
0 to 5 years	9,630	4,890	4,740	600	320	280
18 to 64 years	88,645	45,265	43,375	5,410	2,725	2,680
65 years and over	22,850	11,145	11,700	1,905	950	950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,665	8,580	10,085	1,235	605	635
0 to 17 years	3,200	1,610	1,590	285	150	140
0 to 5 years	1,110	535	575	100	55	45
18 to 64 years	10,175	4,865	5,310	595	305	295
65 years and over	5,285	2,105	3,185	355	155	200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.1	14.6	13.4	13.0	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.0	11.4	14.8	15.3	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	11.5	10.9	12.1	16.7	17.2	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.7	12.2	11.0	11.2	11.0
65 years and over (%)	23.1	18.9	27.2	18.6	16.3	21.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,595	3,340	3,260	380	205	175
0 to 17 years	1,025	520	505	95	50	45
0 to 5 years	350	165	185	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	5,230	2,675	2,550	245	140	110
65 years and over	345	140	205	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.1	4.4	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.5	3.6	4.9	5.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	3.4	3.9	5.8	4.7	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.9	5.9	4.5	5.1	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.8	2.1	2.1	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	143,155	72,570	70,580	9,405	4,725	4,675
Official languages	143,080	72,535	70,550	9,390	4,725	4,665
English	43,150	24,530	18,620	9,380	4,720	4,665
French	141,275	71,665	69,615	265	105	160
Non-official languages	5,975	2,820	3,155	850	390	460
Aboriginal languages	2,135	1,010	1,130	90	50	35
Algonquian languages	2,100	1,000	1,100	90	50	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	605	300	300	85	50	35
Atikamekw	90	40	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	115	45	70	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	380	210	170	80	45	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,595	760	835	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,580	750	830	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,850	1,820	2,030	765	340	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	615	345	270	0	0	0
Berber languages	110	65	50	0	0	0
Kabyle	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	555	310	240	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	550	310	240	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	10	45	310	140	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	305	140	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,595	1,220	1,370	350	160	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	135	75	55	35	20
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	205	135	75	50	35	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	85	55	10	0	0
Russian	45	35	10	10	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	0	10	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	120	130	240	95	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	15	0	15
Dutch	40	25	20	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	205	90	115	190	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	15
Greek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	25	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	20	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	10	0	10	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,140	975	1,160	65	25	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	195	90	100	10	0	10
Portuguese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,945	875	1,075	60	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	60	20	45
Mongolic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	105	130	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	15	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	50	20	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	50	65	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	15	50	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	15	40	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	60	30	15	15
Chinese languages	120	60	65	30	15	10
Cantonese	30	10	25	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	35	25	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	15	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	143,155	72,570	70,580	9,400	4,730	4,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	142,230	72,095	70,135	8,970	4,530	4,440
Canadian citizens aged under 18	29,600	15,150	14,450	1,845	900	945
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	112,625	56,940	55,685	7,130	3,635	3,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	920	480	440	430	190	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,725	4,675
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	140,775	71,400	69,380	8,640	4,395	4,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,135	1,020	1,120	710	300	410
Before 1981	495	265	225	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	225	110	115	45	10	35
1991 to 2000	230	100	135	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	620	290	330	150	60	90
2001 to 2005	240	115	120	25	10	20
2006 to 2010	380	170	210	130	55	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	570	255	315	315	135	180
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	240	160	85	50	35	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,135	1,015	1,120	710	300	410
Under 5 years	385	140	245	70	25	45
5 to 14 years	295	145	155	150	55	95
15 to 24 years	360	165	195	135	65	70
25 to 44 years	1,040	535	500	285	125	165
45 years and over	55	30	25	65	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,135	1,015	1,120	705	300	405
Americas	320	135	190	175	80	95
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	110	45	60	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	25	45	20	25
Peru	25	10	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	50	35	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	20	10	0	10
Europe	745	400	345	165	70	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	345	165	175	0	0	0
Germany	90	45	45	20	10	15
Greece	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	45	35	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	15	15	0	15
Poland	20	15	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	20	15	0	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	0	70	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	125	75	45	35	10	30
Africa	710	375	340	0	0	0
Algeria	165	95	70	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	155	75	80	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	390	200	195	0	0	0
Asia	355	110	245	350	150	195
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	0	105	25	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	30	10	15
Lebanon	65	35	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	40	280	115	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	30	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	570	255	310	315	135	180
Americas	45	25	20	35	15	25
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	25	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	130	65	70	30	20	15
France	75	35	35	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	25	10	0	10
Africa	325	150	175	0	0	0
Algeria	55	30	25	0	0	0
Cameroon	40	10	30	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	40	25	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	50	10	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	55	55	0	0	0
Asia	60	15	45	240	100	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	20	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	20	215	85	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,730	4,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,485	1,230	1,250	785	360	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,235	1,555	1,680	1,365	695	665
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	137,430	69,785	67,650	7,250	3,675	3,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,705	795	910	545	235	310
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	875	475	400	395	185	215
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	475	345	130	130	95	35
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	395	130	270	270	85	180
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	675	245	435	125	40	85
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	140	75	70	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	143,150	72,570	70,580	9,400	4,725	4,675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,165	4,110	4,055	550	260	290
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	7,925	3,980	3,950	515	245	270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,585	2,670	2,910	355	180	170
Métis	2,315	1,295	1,025	165	60	100
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	65	30	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	140	65	80	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	134,990	68,465	66,525	8,850	4,465	4,385
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,730	4,675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,655	2,740	2,910	345	175	170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	137,505	69,835	67,670	9,055	4,555	4,500
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	143,150	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,730	4,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,575	2,680	2,900	285	130	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,460	2,625	2,830	265	130	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	5,045	2,415	2,630	255	130	120
Métis single ancestry	405	210	195	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	115	55	65	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	45	40	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	35	10	25	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,435	3,265	3,175	425	200	225
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,275	3,180	3,095	420	200	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,150	2,615	2,530	240	130	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	530	535	180	70	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	160	85	80	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	80	80	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	131,140	66,630	64,510	8,690	4,390	4,300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,400	4,730	4,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,010	885	1,125	490	215	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	15	15	30	20	10
Chinese	205	65	145	45	20	25
Black	855	390	460	15	15	10
Filipino	55	20	35	330	145	185
Latin American	160	45	115	10	0	10
Arab	450	250	200	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	60	90	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	55	15	40
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	141,150	71,690	69,460	8,910	4,510	4,400
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	143,155	72,575	70,580	9,405	4,725	4,675
North American Aboriginal origins	12,010	5,945	6,070	710	335	380
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,475	5,165	5,305	520	265	255
Inuit	105	40	65	0	10	0
Métis	1,710	865	845	210	70	140
Other North American origins	112,485	57,045	55,440	2,505	1,225	1,275
Acadian	460	220	235	0	0	0
American	760	380	385	190	95	95
Canadian	108,975	55,100	53,875	2,375	1,160	1,215
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Québécois	3,395	1,860	1,535	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	42,720	21,950	20,770	7,450	3,775	3,680
British Isles origins	9,965	4,750	5,220	4,955	2,480	2,475
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,145	1,015	1,125	2,960	1,460	1,500
Irish	6,490	3,035	3,460	1,725	805	920
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	2,450	1,270	1,175	2,525	1,295	1,225
Welsh	25	20	10	180	110	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	195	100	100	70	35	35
French origins	33,415	17,340	16,070	1,160	520	635
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	345	175	175	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	33,205	17,260	15,945	1,155	520	635
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,145	1,490	1,655	3,240	1,570	1,670
Austrian	120	60	60	95	35	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	585	300	285	140	75	70
Dutch	285	145	150	365	180	180
Flemish	10	10	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,030	950	1,080	2,740	1,330	1,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	55	30	25
Swiss	195	85	110	65	25	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	295	170	125	1,855	1,055	805
Danish	50	30	20	280	110	170
Finnish	65	40	30	65	35	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	40	25	15
Norwegian	105	70	35	1,180	695	485
Swedish	35	20	10	445	235	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	15	35	45	30	0
Eastern European origins	1,480	750	730	1,300	640	660
Bulgarian	135	80	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	45	30	15	35	25	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	10	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	45	55	45	10	35
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	695	355	340	340	135	205
Romanian	60	30	30	75	35	40
Russian	80	50	35	380	195	185
Slovak	35	25	15	25	15	10
Ukrainian	375	180	195	515	270	250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,850	1,005	845	110	35	75
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	0	25	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	75	10	0	10
Italian	1,160	665	490	60	25	40
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	75	75	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	25	15	10	0	0
Spanish	305	135	175	35	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	50	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	290	155	135	20	20	10
Basque	55	30	25	10	10	0
Jewish	40	15	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	190	105	90	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	325	130	195	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	40	10	30	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	245	110	140	0	10	0
Jamaican	30	10	25	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	285	110	175	40	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	35	45	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	80	25	50	10	0	10
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,290	690	600	20	15	10
Central and West African origins	390	215	175	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	40	30	15	0	0	0
Cameroonian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	20	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	30	15	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	90	30	55	0	0	0
North African origins	660	375	290	0	0	0
Algerian	190	85	105	0	0	0
Berber	130	70	55	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	225	140	85	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	130	75	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	50	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	70	65	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	135	70	65	15	10	0
Asian origins	980	380	595	480	215	265
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	370	160	205	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	25	30	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	55	105	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	105	50	55	35	20	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	100	45	60	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	505	175	335	445	195	250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	290	85	205	60	25	40
Filipino	65	20	45	325	145	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	0	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	55	15	40
Laotian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	25	35	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	40	25	10
Australian	0	10	10	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
Owner	43,960	...	...	3,345	...	...
Renter	20,210	...	...	790	...	...
Band housing	405	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
Condominium	3,355	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	61,215	...	...	4,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
No bedrooms	205	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	8,005	...	...	290	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,780	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,320	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	16,260	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	18,285	...	...	605	...	...
5 rooms	11,850	...	...	590	...	...
6 rooms	8,300	...	...	690	...	...
7 rooms	8,120	...	...	565	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,020	...	...	1,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	64,315	...	...	4,155	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
Suitable	63,475	...	...	4,090	...	...
Not suitable	1,100	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
1960 or before	19,075	...	...	1,650	...	...
1961 to 1980	21,260	...	...	1,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,800	...	...	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,350	...	...	200	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,390	...	...	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,395	...	...	145	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,310	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	58,995	...	...	3,680	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,580	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	64,575	...	...	4,185	...	...
1 household maintainer	42,470	...	...	2,670	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,735	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	370	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	64,575	...	...	4,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,880	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,255	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,005	...	...	515	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,040	...	...	690	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,690	...	...	975	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,810	...	...	715	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,595	...	...	405	...	...
85 years and over	1,300	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	63,205	...	...	3,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	53,650	...	...	2,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,560	...	...	440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,660	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	43,140	...	...	2,520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	43.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.8	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	782	...	...	561	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	893	...	...	763	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	194,647	...	...	160,535	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	203,355	...	...	202,611	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,095	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.6	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.6	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	639	...	...	721	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	118,105	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,905	3,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	33,295	17,895	15,400	1,785	1,060	730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,185	10,250	12,930	2,465	1,340	1,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,620	31,610	30,015	3,510	1,505	2,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,380	17,580	9,800	810	530	275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20,375	11,980	8,395	370	200	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,010	5,605	1,405	440	335	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,275	7,600	9,675	1,390	410	980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,720	1,260	2,460	365	160	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,240	5,165	8,070	950	400	545
Bachelor's degree	9,815	3,605	6,210	760	310	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,025	410	620	55	25	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	415	180	240	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,700	790	905	85	35	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	285	185	100	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,665	40,150	38,510	4,880	2,460	2,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,470	9,280	7,190	685	475	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,740	6,230	7,510	1,635	900	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,455	24,645	23,815	2,560	1,080	1,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,955	13,770	8,180	590	400	190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	16,535	9,420	7,110	260	155	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,420	4,350	1,070	330	250	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,790	5,790	6,995	1,050	290	755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,615	910	1,705	200	100	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,105	4,175	6,925	725	290	440
Bachelor's degree	8,205	2,940	5,260	590	235	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	815	295	520	30	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	390	150	235	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,470	635	830	60	15	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	150	80	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	118,105	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,905	3,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	56,480	28,145	28,330	4,250	2,400	1,850
Education	5,380	1,015	4,365	435	105	320
13. Education	5,380	1,020	4,365	430	110	325
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,160	425	735	60	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	120	60	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	980	300	675	55	20	30
Humanities	1,975	895	1,075	105	55	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	40	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,400	585	815	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	100	35	35	15	20
54. History	110	70	35	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	60	70	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,470	745	2,720	160	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	120	235	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,110	35	1,070	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	445	160	290	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	10	105	10	0	10
42. Psychology	885	185	700	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	505	230	280	50	25	25
Business, management and public administration	12,700	3,570	9,135	565	90	470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,185	205	980	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,500	3,355	8,140	490	80	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,315	785	530	45	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	95	165	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	65	30	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	340	180	160	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	540	410	135	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	40	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	540	355	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	705	500	210	70	30	40
25. Library science	145	15	135	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	18,535	17,440	1,100	745	700	45
04. Architecture and related services	190	115	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,290	1,105	185	80	65	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,700	4,215	485	140	130	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,735	3,650	90	155	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,350	5,170	175	270	255	15
48. Precision production	3,270	3,180	90	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,850	2,145	700	365	280	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	865	510	360	325	255	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,980	1,640	340	40	20	20
Health and related fields	7,390	1,210	6,175	750	95	655
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	335	150	185	50	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs	6,930	990	5,940	700	80	620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	70	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,920	2,840	3,085	205	60	145
12. Personal and culinary services	3,170	520	2,660	140	35	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,050	725	325	45	20	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,695	1,590	105	20	0	10
Other	35	10	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	10	25	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,665	40,155	38,515	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,210	15,505	14,705	2,320	1,375	945
Education	3,450	585	2,870	270	60	210
13. Education	3,455	585	2,865	270	60	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	920	350	570	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	100	45	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	775	250	530	35	10	30
Humanities	1,245	570	670	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	25	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	860	390	465	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	50	20	20	0	10
54. History	80	50	25	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	35	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,795	565	2,230	150	35	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	40	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	280	80	200	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	900	35	865	45	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	365	115	245	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	70	10	0	10
42. Psychology	725	140	590	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	410	190	220	45	30	20
Business, management and public administration	10,530	2,735	7,795	435	55	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	965	145	815	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,555	2,585	6,970	375	40	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	825	525	300	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	85	120	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	10	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	30	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	475	350	130	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	470	330	80	25	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	655	455	195	65	25	40
25. Library science	125	0	120	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,920	13,960	960	560	535	30
04. Architecture and related services	165	90	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,180	1,000	175	65	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,795	3,400	400	115	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,885	2,800	85	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,320	4,175	150	200	190	0
48. Precision production	2,570	2,490	80	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,275	1,690	590	250	185	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	385	280	225	180	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,610	1,300	310	30	10	20
Health and related fields	5,885	970	4,920	490	65	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	280	125	155	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	5,495	780	4,710	455	50	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	70	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,770	2,220	2,550	175	60	115
12. Personal and culinary services	2,640	415	2,225	120	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	550	230	35	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,345	1,255	95	20	10	15
Other	30	10	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	30	10	25	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	118,105	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,910	3,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,480	28,150	28,335	4,250	2,400	1,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	61,620	31,610	30,010	3,510	1,505	2,010
Location of study inside Canada	60,740	31,130	29,605	3,155	1,345	1,810
Same as province or territory of residence	58,015	29,735	28,280	1,985	885	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	2,725	1,400	1,330	1,170	460	710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	880	480	405	360	160	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	60	40	95	45	50
Philippines	40	0	35	150	65	85
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	255	165	90	0	0	0
Other	460	225	240	75	30	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,665	40,150	38,515	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,210	15,510	14,705	2,320	1,375	945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,455	24,645	23,810	2,560	1,085	1,475
Location of study inside Canada	47,735	24,245	23,485	2,280	965	1,315
Same as province or territory of residence	45,685	23,220	22,465	1,365	605	765
Different than province or territory of residence	2,045	1,030	1,020	910	355	550
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	725	395	325	280	120	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	25	25	75	30	45
Philippines	20	0	20	125	50	75
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	215	140	75	0	0	0
Other	420	210	210	55	20	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	118,105	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,910	3,855
In the labour force	74,415	40,155	34,265	5,610	3,050	2,555
Employed	68,655	36,345	32,305	5,375	2,905	2,475
Unemployed	5,760	3,810	1,955	230	150	85
Not in the labour force	43,690	19,605	24,085	2,155	855	1,305
Participation rate	63.0	67.2	58.7	72.2	78.0	66.3
Employment rate	58.1	60.8	55.4	69.2	74.3	64.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	9.5	5.7	4.1	4.9	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	118,100	59,760	58,345	7,765	3,905	3,860
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	38,900	17,100	21,800	1,720	670	1,050
Worked	79,200	42,655	36,545	6,045	3,240	2,805
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	35,910	20,420	15,490	3,210	1,900	1,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	43,290	22,240	21,055	2,830	1,335	1,495
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.2	41.3	43.8	44.5	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	74,415	40,155	34,260	5,610	3,050	2,560
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,235	630	610	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,525	33,650	5,570	3,035	2,535
Employee	66,635	35,905	30,730	3,555	1,735	1,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,540	3,615	2,925	2,015	1,295	720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	74,415	40,155	34,265	5,610	3,050	2,555
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,240	630	610	40	20	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,525	33,650	5,570	3,030	2,535
0 Management occupations	6,070	3,650	2,420	1,700	1,170	530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,740	2,515	7,230	550	95	460
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,815	2,985	830	145	100	45
3 Health occupations	4,825	750	4,075	335	50	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,640	1,870	6,760	380	65	310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,165	460	710	80	10	65
6 Sales and service occupations	16,320	6,250	10,070	795	220	575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,590	13,760	835	725	655	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,215	4,900	315	680	510	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,790	2,390	405	180	160	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	74,415	40,150	34,260	5,605	3,050	2,555
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,240	625	610	35	20	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,525	33,650	5,570	3,035	2,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,730	2,150	585	1,890	1,305	580
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	7,855	7,095	755	320	300	25
22 Utilities	1,030	845	190	55	35	20
23 Construction	4,890	4,195	700	280	230	50
31-33 Manufacturing	5,840	4,730	1,105	195	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	2,005	1,565	440	130	90	45
44-45 Retail trade	9,355	4,040	5,315	445	185	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,350	2,490	855	150	105	45
51 Information and cultural industries	920	440	480	20	0	25
52 Finance and insurance	1,475	400	1,075	140	30	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	670	430	235	50	15	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,595	1,325	1,270	125	45	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,410	1,385	1,020	110	65	50
61 Educational services	5,075	1,155	3,920	310	80	230
62 Health care and social assistance	10,055	1,535	8,515	505	65	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	755	310	445	140	70	70
72 Accommodation and food services	4,545	1,570	2,975	255	75	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,740	1,950	1,795	210	110	100
91 Public administration	3,855	1,885	1,965	245	90	155
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	68,650	36,340	32,310	5,375	2,900	2,475
Worked at home	3,580	1,655	1,920	1,710	1,070	645
Worked outside Canada	100	90	0	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	5,985	4,905	1,080	635	485	155
Worked at usual place	58,990	29,690	29,300	3,025	1,355	1,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	58,990	29,690	29,295	3,025	1,350	1,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	40,520	18,820	21,700	1,635	745	890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,910	5,270	5,640	960	425	540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,950	5,085	1,865	360	155	210
Commute to a different province or territory	615	515	100	65	30	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	64,975	34,600	30,380	3,660	1,835	1,825
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,565	28,545	25,020	3,045	1,590	1,455
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,980	1,455	1,525	80	40	40
Public transit	785	535	250	35	15	25
Walked	5,425	2,250	3,175	400	150	245
Bicycle	355	275	80	55	25	30
Other method	1,865	1,535	330	45	15	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	64,975	34,595	30,380	3,655	1,835	1,825
Less than 15 minutes	34,980	16,545	18,440	2,260	1,115	1,145
15 to 29 minutes	16,125	8,245	7,885	745	415	330
30 to 44 minutes	6,075	3,615	2,455	355	150	205
45 to 59 minutes	2,760	1,930	830	160	80	80
60 minutes and over	5,035	4,265	765	150	75	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	64,975	34,600	30,380	3,660	1,835	1,825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,500	4,675	820	210	160	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,975	6,655	2,320	795	520	275
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	22,055	10,980	11,075	970	570	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,530	4,665	8,865	1,005	385	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,560	1,440	3,115	395	110	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,355	6,175	4,175	280	90	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	81,385	43,765	37,620	6,160	3,295	2,860
Single responses	79,325	42,605	36,720	6,150	3,295	2,860
Official languages	79,270	42,580	36,690	6,135	3,285	2,850
English	2,615	1,550	1,065	6,130	3,285	2,845
French	76,655	41,030	35,625	0	0	0
Non-official languages	60	25	30	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	25	20	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,060	1,165	895	0	0	0
English and French	1,900	1,100	795	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	10
French and non-official language	85	35	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	81,385	43,770	37,620	6,160	3,295	2,865
None	65,590	34,775	30,815	6,075	3,265	2,810
English	14,050	7,970	6,085	0	0	0
French	1,430	895	530	0	0	10
Non-official language	220	85	135	80	35	45
Aboriginal	155	55	100	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	70	35	35	60	30	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	35	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	141,570	71,715	69,860	9,300	4,665	4,640
Non-movers	125,480	63,800	61,680	8,255	4,125	4,135
Movers	16,090	7,915	8,175	1,045	535	505
Non-migrants	10,730	5,300	5,430	435	215	220
Migrants	5,360	2,615	2,745	610	320	285
Internal migrants	5,160	2,520	2,640	535	285	245
Intraprovincial migrants	4,855	2,345	2,510	345	190	160
Interprovincial migrants	305	175	135	185	100	80
External migrants	200	100	100	80	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	134,910	68,410	66,500	8,855	4,445	4,415
Non-movers	91,230	46,530	44,700	6,260	3,140	3,120
Movers	43,685	21,880	21,795	2,590	1,300	1,295
Non-migrants	27,145	13,715	13,430	960	495	465
Migrants	16,540	8,170	8,370	1,630	805	820
Internal migrants	15,880	7,845	8,035	1,320	645	670
Intraprovincial migrants	14,990	7,355	7,630	755	390	370
Interprovincial migrants	890	485	400	565	260	300
External migrants	660	325	335	310	155	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Division No. 4, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan