Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Durham-Sud, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Richmond--Arthabaska Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,043	...	...	107,242	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,008	...	...	103,897	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	467	...	...	50,441	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	415	...	...	46,758	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.3	...	...	31.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	92.67	...	...	3,433.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,045	545	500	107,245	53,480	53,760
0 to 14 years	210	110	95	17,875	9,255	8,615
0 to 4 years	55	30	25	5,850	2,990	2,855
5 to 9 years	80	40	40	6,405	3,350	3,060
10 to 14 years	75	40	35	5,615	2,915	2,705
15 to 64 years	645	330	315	66,375	33,590	32,790
15 to 19 years	60	25	30	5,520	2,815	2,700
20 to 24 years	45	30	20	5,465	2,850	2,610
25 to 29 years	50	25	20	5,190	2,640	2,550
30 to 34 years	60	30	30	6,145	3,115	3,030
35 to 39 years	95	40	45	6,710	3,495	3,210
40 to 44 years	50	30	25	5,985	3,020	2,975
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	6,070	3,025	3,045
50 to 54 years	70	35	35	7,905	3,940	3,965
55 to 59 years	85	40	45	8,760	4,340	4,420
60 to 64 years	85	40	40	8,630	4,335	4,295
65 years and over	185	100	90	22,990	10,635	12,360
65 to 69 years	80	40	35	7,715	3,900	3,815
70 to 74 years	40	30	10	5,680	2,775	2,905
75 to 79 years	35	15	20	3,790	1,795	2,000
80 to 84 years	15	10	10	2,815	1,180	1,640
85 years and over	15	5	10	2,990	990	2,000
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	1,880	705	1,170
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	875	235	635
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	215	45	170
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.1	20.2	19.0	16.7	17.3	16.0
15 to 64 years	61.7	60.6	63.0	61.9	62.8	61.0
65 years and over	17.7	18.3	18.0	21.4	19.9	23.0
85 years and over	1.4	0.9	2.0	2.8	1.9	3.7
Average age of the population	40.9	40.9	40.9	43.6	42.5	44.6
Median age of the population	40.8	40.8	40.8	45.7	44.2	47.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Single-detached house	350	...	...	29,790	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	65	...	...	16,675	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,770	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	385	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	3,050	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	10,315	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	415	...	...	46,755	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	15,400	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	17,810	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	5,620	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	5,205	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,725	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,040	...	...	103,615	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	835	430	405	89,365	44,225	45,145
Married or living common law	520	260	260	53,750	26,835	26,915
Married	295	145	150	29,830	14,890	14,940
Living common law	225	120	115	23,920	11,940	11,975
Not married and not living common law	310	175	140	35,615	17,390	18,225
Never married	220	135	85	22,570	12,770	9,800
Separated	10	5	0	915	435	480
Divorced	40	25	20	6,620	2,980	3,635
Widowed	40	10	30	5,520	1,205	4,315
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	300	...	...	30,430	...	...
2 persons	160	...	...	17,555	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	5,385	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	5,090	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	2,400	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	300	...	...	30,430	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...	26,110	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	14,165	...	...
Common-law couples	115	...	...	11,945	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	45	...	...	4,320	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	3,045	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	255	...	...	26,110	...	...
Couples without children	130	...	...	15,040	...	...
Couples with children	130	...	...	11,065	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	4,085	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	4,680	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	4,320	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	2,515	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	1,295	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	95	70	19,060	9,865	9,195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	415	...	...	46,755	...	...
One-census-family households	290	...	...	29,955	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	120	...	...	14,840	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	170	...	...	15,110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	240	...	...
Non-census-family households	120	...	...	16,565	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	15,400	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	1,170	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,040	540	500	106,090	53,070	53,020
English only	25	10	10	570	260	305
French only	670	330	340	76,605	36,775	39,835
English and French	350	200	150	28,730	15,920	12,810
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	190	115	75
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,045	545	500	106,095	53,070	53,025
English	100	55	50	2,935	1,505	1,425
French	925	480	450	102,665	51,275	51,390
English and French	15	10	0	315	175	140
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	180	110	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	110	55	50	3,090	1,595	1,495
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	10.5	10.1	10.0	2.9	3.0	2.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,045	540	500	106,090	53,070	53,020
Single responses	1,015	525	490	105,440	52,705	52,735
Official languages	1,005	520	485	103,945	51,940	52,005
English	100	50	45	2,785	1,415	1,375
French	905	465	440	101,155	50,525	50,630
Non-official languages	15	10	5	1,495	770	730
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	5	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	1,490	760	725
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	70	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	120	60	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	1,065	565	500
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	235	130	100
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	195	110	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	20	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	675	350	325
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Spanish	5	5	0	600	305	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	60	25	30
Wolof	0	0	0	15	5	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Multiple responses	25	15	10	655	365	285
English and French	20	10	5	485	270	210
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	5	125	65	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,040	545	500	106,095	53,070	53,025
Single responses	1,020	530	490	105,230	52,620	52,610
Official languages	1,015	525	490	104,445	52,210	52,235
English	90	50	40	2,430	1,255	1,180
French	920	475	445	102,010	50,960	51,055
Non-official languages	5	0	0	780	410	375
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	780	405	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	25	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	560	305	255
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	70	35	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	65	35	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	430	240	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	405	225	180
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	865	450	415
English and French	20	15	10	500	265	230
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	315	155	160
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,040	540	500	106,090	53,070	53,025
None	945	490	455	100,575	50,190	50,390
English	55	30	25	3,655	1,905	1,745
French	35	15	15	1,175	615	560
Non-official language	10	5	5	580	305	280
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	575	300	275
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	5
English and non-official language	0	5	0	75	35	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	830	430	400	85,755	42,955	42,800
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	810	425	380	83,780	42,100	41,675
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,152	27,712	22,176	30,202	35,321	25,575
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	810	430	380	83,815	42,105	41,710
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,504	25,472	21,280	27,417	31,110	23,808
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	680	370	310	73,930	38,205	35,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,952	22,464	18,144	26,465	32,302	21,661
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	705	370	340	66,590	31,910	34,680
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,408	7,781	8,896	8,541	7,729	9,214
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	550	310	245	58,810	31,420	27,395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,800	22,464	19,328	28,026	33,193	23,622
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	835	445	390	85,760	42,955	42,810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	810	435	380	83,750	42,130	41,620
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,710	30,194	31,300	36,750	41,619	31,821
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	810	430	380	83,775	42,130	41,650
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,976	27,071	26,868	31,203	34,591	27,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	675	375	300	74,025	38,170	35,855
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,832	24,476	27,529	33,244	38,602	27,541
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	715	365	345	66,470	31,955	34,515
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,282	10,290	10,273	9,280	8,763	9,758
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	550	330	220	58,810	31,290	27,515
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,844	23,383	32,059	33,686	38,108	28,658
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	840	445	395	85,765	42,955	42,805
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	170	105	65	26,005	14,635	11,370
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	26,826	26,096	32,459	40,249	44,284	35,675
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	31,425	29,679	34,299	45,770	50,395	39,816
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	72.5	76.4	66.5	79.9	84.3	74.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.7	64.1	56.2	64.5	68.0	59.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	27.2	23.5	32.0	20.1	15.7	26.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	835	430	405	85,755	42,950	42,800
Without total income	25	5	20	1,970	850	1,120
With total income	805	430	380	83,780	42,105	41,680
Percentage with total income	96.4	100.0	93.8	97.7	98.0	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	55	65	9,190	3,830	5,365
$10,000 to $19,999	200	100	105	17,505	6,900	10,610
$20,000 to $29,999	150	80	70	14,940	6,965	7,975
$30,000 to $39,999	130	75	55	12,550	6,430	6,115
$40,000 to $49,999	85	45	35	10,560	5,730	4,825
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	20	6,730	4,070	2,655
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	4,290	2,685	1,600
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	5	3,060	1,910	1,150
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	1,715	1,175	540
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	1,030	745	285
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	2,215	1,660	555
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	5	1,525	1,140	385
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	690	520	170
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	830	430	400	85,755	42,955	42,800
Without after-tax income	25	5	20	1,940	845	1,095
With after-tax income	805	425	380	83,815	42,105	41,710
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	98.8	95.0	97.7	98.0	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	55	65	9,575	3,920	5,655
$10,000 to $19,999	215	105	105	18,430	7,315	11,115
$20,000 to $29,999	180	100	75	18,145	8,840	9,305
$30,000 to $39,999	145	80	70	15,835	8,430	7,400
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	30	10,080	5,950	4,135
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	20	5,590	3,430	2,155
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	2,940	1,890	1,050
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	1,335	945	390
$80,000 and over	10	5	5	1,880	1,380	500
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	625	460	165
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	370	265	105
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	890	660	230
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	830	430	400	85,755	42,955	42,800
Without employment income	280	125	155	26,940	11,535	15,410
With employment income	550	310	245	58,810	31,420	27,390
Percentage with employment income	66.3	72.1	61.3	68.6	73.1	64.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	50	40	8,170	4,345	3,830
$5,000 to $9,999	70	45	25	4,840	2,090	2,750
$10,000 to $19,999	105	50	55	9,200	4,005	5,200
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	8,770	3,915	4,855
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	25	8,460	4,455	4,005
$40,000 to $49,999	55	35	15	6,365	3,745	2,625
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	4,310	2,825	1,485
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	2,910	1,880	1,030
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	5	2,250	1,470	785
$80,000 and over	15	10	10	3,530	2,695	835
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	1,245	925	325
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	730	565	170
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	1,550	1,205	340
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,008	...	...	53,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	47,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...	15,395	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,416	...	...	26,975	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,947	...	...	25,151	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	310	...	...	31,365	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,416	...	...	70,534	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,360	...	...	61,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,907	...	...	65,822	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,623	...	...	55,907	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	15,305	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,498	...	...	33,398	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,236	...	...	28,876	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	320	...	...	31,455	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,838	...	...	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,061	...	...	69,060	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	335	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	750	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,805	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	2,730	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	2,730	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	3,185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	2,880	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	2,630	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,415	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	4,320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	3,835	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,405	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	2,855	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	8,270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	3,880	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	2,040	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	1,520	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	835	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	360	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	765	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,810	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	2,900	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	3,130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,770	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	3,845	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	3,290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	3,015	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,865	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	4,990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	4,260	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,595	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	1,950	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	4,690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	2,675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	1,065	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	950	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	300	...	...	30,515	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	70,753	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,488	...	...	61,801	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	14,650	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,864	...	...	60,684	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	49,664	...	...	53,371	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	11,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,496	...	...	96,054	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	67,840	...	...	82,184	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	4,220	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,784	...	...	47,621	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,272	...	...	43,945	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	310	...	...	30,550	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,665	...	...	81,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,651	...	...	69,274	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	14,655	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,662	...	...	71,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,627	...	...	60,185	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	11,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,889	...	...	106,659	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,090	...	...	89,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	4,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	55,119	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	48,902	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	135	85	50	17,760	9,215	8,550
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,904	19,776	20,160	26,060	29,819	23,201
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,776	19,648	19,968	24,433	26,947	22,440
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	120	85	40	17,680	9,220	8,465
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	24,455	23,118	27,216	32,444	34,244	30,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	22,559	21,544	24,654	28,153	29,211	27,001
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
In the bottom half of the distribution	795	405	390	67,615	33,515	34,090
In the bottom decile	120	60	60	8,645	4,305	4,345
In the second decile	215	105	110	14,515	6,640	7,875
In the third decile	185	100	90	15,530	7,725	7,805
In the fourth decile	150	75	75	15,270	7,755	7,515
In the fifth decile	125	65	60	13,655	7,100	6,555
In the top half of the distribution	250	140	110	36,005	18,690	17,320
In the sixth decile	100	60	40	12,230	6,320	5,910
In the seventh decile	70	40	35	9,665	5,045	4,625
In the eighth decile	35	20	15	6,915	3,575	3,335
In the ninth decile	35	15	15	4,325	2,275	2,045
In the top decile	5	0	5	2,870	1,465	1,400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
0 to 17 years	240	120	115	21,195	10,945	10,250
0 to 5 years	70	35	35	7,110	3,655	3,455
18 to 64 years	615	320	295	62,610	31,640	30,975
65 years and over	185	100	90	19,810	9,615	10,190
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	205	100	100	15,745	7,330	8,415
0 to 17 years	55	25	30	2,915	1,515	1,400
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	935	485	455
18 to 64 years	115	60	55	8,405	4,080	4,325
65 years and over	40	20	15	4,430	1,735	2,690
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.5	20.0	15.2	14.0	16.4
0 to 17 years (%)	22.9	20.8	26.1	13.8	13.8	13.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.3	28.6	13.2	13.3	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	18.7	18.8	18.6	13.4	12.9	14.0
65 years and over (%)	21.6	20.0	16.7	22.4	18.0	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	30	35	5,745	2,970	2,775
0 to 17 years	5	0	10	985	515	470
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	295	160	140
18 to 64 years	40	25	20	4,395	2,305	2,090
65 years and over	5	5	5	370	150	215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.6	7.0	5.5	5.7	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	0.0	8.7	4.6	4.7	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.1	4.4	4.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	7.8	6.8	7.0	7.3	6.7
65 years and over (%)	2.7	5.0	5.6	1.9	1.6	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,040	540	500	103,620	52,205	51,410
Official languages	1,045	540	500	103,370	52,045	51,330
English	370	215	160	29,030	16,005	13,025
French	1,020	525	490	102,820	51,780	51,040
Non-official languages	25	15	15	3,945	1,850	2,095
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	10	3,930	1,840	2,095
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	130	70	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	130	70	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	55	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	25	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	3,250	1,530	1,720
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	135	85	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	140	85	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	10	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	425	220	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	55	40	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	345	170	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	15	2,710	1,230	1,480
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Portuguese	10	0	0	90	50	40
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	20	0	15	2,555	1,140	1,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	220	110	110
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	80	40	40
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	40	10	40
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	55	70
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	120	25	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	55	10	50
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	20	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	90	35	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	25	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,035	535	500	102,695	51,695	50,995
Canadian citizens aged under 18	235	110	125	21,105	10,945	10,160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	800	425	375	81,590	40,750	40,835
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	10	0	925	510	415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,015	525	495	101,005	50,915	50,090
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20	20	10	2,390	1,120	1,270
Before 1981	20	10	0	635	335	305
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	210	80	130
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	395	185	205
2001 to 2010	0	10	0	720	340	375
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	325	155	170
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	390	190	200
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	435	180	255
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	215	170	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	20	0	2,395	1,125	1,270
Under 5 years	10	0	10	420	185	235
5 to 14 years	0	10	0	460	245	215
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	410	180	230
25 to 44 years	10	10	0	915	435	480
45 years and over	0	0	0	185	80	110
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	0	2,395	1,125	1,270
Americas	0	0	0	770	310	460
Brazil	0	0	0	25	0	20
Colombia	0	0	0	245	105	140
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	85	20	60
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	25	30
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	215	85	135
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	105	60	40
Europe	20	15	0	970	495	470
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	75	40	25
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	370	170	200
Germany	0	0	0	45	20	20
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	20	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	350	180	170
Africa	0	0	0	350	185	160
Algeria	0	0	0	55	35	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	45	30	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	245	120	130
Asia	0	0	0	280	115	160
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	140	30	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	30	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	435	180	255
Americas	0	0	0	130	60	70
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	75	25	50
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	45	10	30
France	0	0	0	20	10	15
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	220	100	120
Algeria	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	85	40	45
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	75	35	40
Asia	0	0	0	45	10	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25	20	10	2,710	1,345	1,365
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	75	30	50	2,565	1,230	1,335
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	940	495	445	98,335	49,630	48,710
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	10	0	1,805	820	985
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	585	280	305
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	305	185	120
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	285	100	185
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	10	0	685	245	440
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	515	270	245
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,045	540	500	103,620	52,205	51,410
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	945	470	470
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	840	430	410
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	425	220	205
Métis	0	0	0	410	205	205
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	25	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,040	540	500	102,670	51,730	50,940
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,045	545	500	103,620	52,210	51,410
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	200	95	105
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,040	540	500	103,415	52,110	51,305
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,210	51,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	685	310	375
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	675	305	370
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	575	245	330
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	90	50	35
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	35	20	15	2,575	1,280	1,300
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	35	20	15	2,525	1,245	1,280
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	2,230	1,130	1,105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	240	110	130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	50	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,005	520	485	100,355	50,620	49,735
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,040	540	500	103,615	52,205	51,410
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	10	0	1,570	760	805
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	190	45	145
Black	10	0	0	455	205	245
Filipino	0	0	0	50	20	30
Latin American	0	0	0	580	305	270
Arab	0	0	0	105	60	45
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	90	65	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	50	35	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,040	540	500	102,045	51,440	50,605
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,045	540	500	103,615	52,210	51,410
North American Aboriginal origins	35	20	15	3,260	1,580	1,680
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	15	2,870	1,405	1,465
Inuit	0	0	0	65	20	45
Métis	0	0	0	390	195	195
Other North American origins	690	340	355	84,605	42,490	42,115
Acadian	0	0	0	370	175	200
American	10	0	0	420	180	245
Canadian	670	330	335	82,390	41,340	41,050
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	2,245	1,160	1,085
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	515	285	230	31,200	15,845	15,355
British Isles origins	150	100	50	6,975	3,525	3,455
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	35	30	10	1,850	960	890
Irish	75	45	30	4,550	2,290	2,250
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	75	50	30	1,510	760	750
Welsh	0	0	0	30	15	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	145	65	85
French origins	410	215	195	24,825	12,580	12,250
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	180	80	100
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	410	215	200	24,655	12,505	12,150
Western European origins (except French origins)	20	10	10	2,260	1,080	1,180
Austrian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	385	165	215
Dutch	0	0	0	275	135	145
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	1,155	490	665
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	15	10	0	575	345	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25	20	0	145	75	70
Danish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Finnish	20	15	10	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Swedish	25	15	10	25	20	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	30	15	10	360	170	185
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	20	35
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	10	125	55	70
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Slovak	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	10	10	0	1,325	685	640
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	20
Italian	10	10	0	800	430	365
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	55	65
Serbian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	260	130	130
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	150	60	90
Basque	0	0	0	25	10	15
Jewish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	245	110	135
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dominican	0	0	0	40	25	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	175	70	105
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	730	375	355
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Chilean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	270	110	165
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	85	85	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	145	95	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	0	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	10	0	0	470	255	215
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	235	125	115
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	160	75	85
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins	0	10	0	165	95	70
Algerian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	65	30	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	30	20	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	40	20	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Asian origins	0	0	0	575	265	315
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	135	70	70
Afghan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Armenian	0	0	0	35	35	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	65	30	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	380	170	210
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	25	10
Chinese	0	0	0	230	75	155
Filipino	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	45	35
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	15	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Owner	325	...	...	32,570	...	...
Renter	90	...	...	14,185	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,205	...	...
Not condominium	415	...	...	44,550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	115	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	4,730	...	...
2 bedrooms	115	...	...	13,495	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	17,920	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	130	...	...	10,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	415	...	...	46,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	12,025	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	9,435	...	...
6 rooms	80	...	...	6,845	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...	6,465	...	...
8 or more rooms	125	...	...	11,990	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
One person or fewer per room	415	...	...	46,605	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	415	...	...	46,755	...	...
Suitable	410	...	...	46,015	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
1960 or before	205	...	...	13,150	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	14,590	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	5,835	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	4,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,395	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	3,275	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,950	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	365	...	...	44,150	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	2,610	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
1 household maintainer	290	...	...	29,860	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	16,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	415	...	...	46,760	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,530	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	5,965	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	7,225	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	8,575	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	10,340	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	8,345	...	...
75 to 84 years	60	...	...	3,710	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	375	...	...	45,620	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	325	...	...	38,215	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	7,410	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	6,780	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	290	...	...	31,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.6	...	...	58.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.8	...	...	10.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	500	...	...	762	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	842	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,667	...	...	159,973	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,805	...	...	185,084	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	85	...	...	14,080	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	28.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	451	...	...	553	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	477	...	...	589	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	835	445	395	85,760	42,955	42,805
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	155	70	22,500	12,395	10,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	190	90	100	17,550	7,955	9,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	200	225	45,715	22,600	23,110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	100	80	19,440	12,020	7,415
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	135	60	75	14,270	7,880	6,390
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	35	10	5,165	4,140	1,025
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	150	65	85	14,255	5,820	8,435
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	2,365	790	1,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	85	30	55	9,655	3,965	5,685
Bachelor's degree	60	20	45	6,800	2,655	4,145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	830	340	490
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	345	175	165
Master's degree	10	10	10	1,545	720	820
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	130	75	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	525	270	250	54,965	27,480	27,485
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	80	30	10,440	6,295	4,145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	95	40	55	10,025	4,725	5,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	155	165	34,495	16,455	18,045
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65	15,230	9,085	6,145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	55	60	11,260	5,970	5,285
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	25	0	3,970	3,110	860
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	55	65	10,240	4,055	6,185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	1,490	495	990
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	55	25	35	7,545	2,820	4,720
Bachelor's degree	45	10	35	5,410	1,995	3,420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	620	205	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	265	110	155
Master's degree	0	10	0	1,150	470	685
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	95	45	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	835	440	390	85,760	42,955	42,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	415	245	170	40,050	20,355	19,695
Education	45	0	45	3,970	855	3,115
13. Education	45	0	45	3,965	855	3,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,035	375	655
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	205	115	90
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	830	265	565
Humanities	10	10	0	1,695	740	955
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	165	25	140
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	950	430	520
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	70	50	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	160	95	70
54. History	0	0	0	100	65	30
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	220	65	155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	25	2,885	710	2,180
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	15	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	330	120	215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	1,030	35	995
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	385	150	235
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	115	15	100
42. Psychology	10	0	0	620	150	470
45. Social sciences	10	15	0	370	230	140
Business, management and public administration	50	20	35	9,515	2,660	6,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	630	95	540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	20	30	8,880	2,570	6,315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	880	510	370
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	240	95	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	160	105	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	170	75	90
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	230	195	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	85	45	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	795	520	275
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	0	680	490	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	0	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	110	100	10	12,700	11,980	725
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	185	95	90
14. Engineering	0	0	0	820	735	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	15	0	2,275	2,065	210
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	3,030	2,980	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	25	0	3,460	3,350	110
48. Precision production	20	20	0	2,930	2,750	180
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	20	10	2,155	1,545	615
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	25	15	1,585	1,040	545
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	570	505	70
Health and related fields	45	0	35	6,200	985	5,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	315	195	120
51. Health professions and related programs	40	10	35	5,795	745	5,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	45	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	10	50	3,855	1,725	2,130
12. Personal and culinary services	45	0	45	2,420	475	1,940
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	505	400	105
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	920	830	90
Other	0	0	0	15	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	525	270	250	54,965	27,480	27,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	200	115	80	20,470	11,020	9,440
Education	20	0	20	2,520	470	2,045
13. Education	15	0	20	2,515	470	2,050
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	780	255	520
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	160	80	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	620	180	435
Humanities	0	0	0	985	410	575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	130	15	115
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	550	250	305
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	75	50	25
54. History	0	0	0	65	45	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	115	25	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	2,310	480	1,830
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	270	90	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	15	895	30	875
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	270	95	175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	90	15	75
42. Psychology	0	0	10	510	120	395
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	245	130	115
Business, management and public administration	50	25	25	7,565	1,910	5,655
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	500	70	430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	20	20	7,065	1,840	5,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	560	310	250
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	195	65	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	50	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	15	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	180	150	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	685	440	245
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	615	430	185
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	15	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	75	10	9,670	8,995	675
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	160	80	85
14. Engineering	0	0	0	680	595	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,695	1,490	200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	2,150	2,105	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	25	0	2,695	2,605	95
48. Precision production	20	20	0	2,285	2,120	165
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	1,740	1,210	530
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	1,270	805	460
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	475	400	70
Health and related fields	35	0	30	4,630	660	3,965
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	220	125	95
51. Health professions and related programs	40	0	30	4,335	505	3,830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	30	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	10	45	3,055	1,315	1,740
12. Personal and culinary services	40	0	40	1,930	360	1,565
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	360	270	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	15	0	760	680	85
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	835	445	390	85,760	42,955	42,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	415	240	170	40,050	20,355	19,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	425	200	225	45,710	22,605	23,115
Location of study inside Canada	415	190	225	44,960	22,210	22,750
Same as province or territory of residence	405	185	215	44,360	21,835	22,525
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	600	370	230
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	10	0	750	395	360
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	85	50	35
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	15	25
France	0	0	0	240	145	95
Other	0	0	0	355	165	190
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	525	275	255	54,965	27,480	27,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	205	115	85	20,465	11,020	9,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	320	155	170	34,500	16,455	18,045
Location of study inside Canada	325	155	170	33,925	16,165	17,760
Same as province or territory of residence	320	150	170	33,530	15,955	17,575
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	390	210	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	575	295	285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	175	105	70
Other	0	0	0	275	130	145
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	835	445	395	85,765	42,955	42,810
In the labour force	475	275	200	53,385	27,955	25,430
Employed	430	230	195	50,380	26,185	24,195
Unemployed	50	40	0	3,005	1,770	1,235
Not in the labour force	355	170	190	32,375	15,000	17,380
Participation rate	56.9	61.8	50.6	62.2	65.1	59.4
Employment rate	51.5	51.7	49.4	58.7	61.0	56.5
Unemployment rate	10.5	14.5	0.0	5.6	6.3	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	835	445	390	85,765	42,955	42,805
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	325	150	175	30,095	13,575	16,520
Worked	510	290	220	55,665	29,380	26,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	175	105	70	26,540	14,960	11,575
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	330	180	150	29,125	14,420	14,705
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.2	40.4	42.9	42.8	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	475	275	200	53,385	27,955	25,430
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	885	410	470
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	460	265	195	52,505	27,545	24,960
Employee	385	210	170	45,050	23,025	22,020
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	75	55	25	7,460	4,515	2,940
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	475	275	200	53,385	27,955	25,430
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	885	410	470
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	465	265	195	52,500	27,545	24,960
0 Management occupations	70	50	25	5,125	3,335	1,795
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	30	35	6,725	1,825	4,895
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	10	2,260	1,715	540
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	3,865	550	3,315
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	0	45	5,110	1,075	4,035
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	945	365	580
6 Sales and service occupations	85	50	30	11,825	4,610	7,215
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	75	10	9,390	8,945	445
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	15	10	1,875	1,305	565
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	45	0	5,390	3,820	1,565
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	475	275	200	53,385	27,955	25,430
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	880	410	470
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	465	265	195	52,500	27,545	24,960
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	70	20	3,225	2,150	1,080
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	135	135	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	270	225	50
23 Construction	35	30	10	3,675	3,275	400
31-33 Manufacturing	80	55	30	10,870	7,940	2,935
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	1,720	1,220	500
44-45 Retail trade	60	30	30	6,450	2,830	3,620
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	35	10	1,955	1,555	400
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	420	270	155
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	0	1,125	340	785
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	410	220	195
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,980	955	1,030
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	10	1,740	990	745
61 Educational services	35	10	30	3,210	830	2,385
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	35	6,935	910	6,020
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	710	345	360
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	3,330	1,035	2,295
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	10	0	2,720	1,500	1,215
91 Public administration	15	10	10	1,595	815	775
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	430	235	195	50,385	26,185	24,195
Worked at home	80	45	35	4,405	2,205	2,200
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	95	75	20
No fixed workplace address	35	30	0	4,360	3,325	1,040
Worked at usual place	310	155	155	41,520	20,590	20,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	310	160	160	41,520	20,590	20,935
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30	15	15	19,580	9,145	10,435
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	75	55	20	10,260	5,050	5,210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	205	90	115	11,645	6,365	5,280
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	40	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	350	185	160	45,885	23,910	21,970
Car, truck, van - as a driver	325	175	150	40,035	20,920	19,110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	10	1,810	895	915
Public transit	0	0	0	130	45	80
Walked	0	0	0	2,860	1,330	1,530
Bicycle	0	0	0	560	435	120
Other method	0	0	0	490	280	210
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	345	185	160	45,880	23,910	21,970
Less than 15 minutes	55	35	25	22,515	11,085	11,435
15 to 29 minutes	160	95	65	14,300	7,290	7,010
30 to 44 minutes	65	30	35	5,525	3,135	2,395
45 to 59 minutes	40	20	25	1,965	1,215	750
60 minutes and over	25	10	10	1,570	1,190	385
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	345	185	160	45,885	23,910	21,975
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,380	1,745	635
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	50	45	8,805	6,270	2,535
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	125	60	60	16,815	8,505	8,310
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	35	15	20	7,790	2,635	5,155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	15	3,130	990	2,140
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	70	55	20	6,960	3,775	3,195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	525	300	225	57,145	30,115	27,025
Single responses	510	285	225	56,000	29,465	26,530
Official languages	510	290	225	55,855	29,340	26,515
English	35	20	15	1,215	630	585
French	470	265	210	54,635	28,705	25,935
Non-official languages	0	0	0	145	130	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	125	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	140	125	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	125	115	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	125	115	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	15	10	1,145	645	495
English and French	15	15	0	1,075	610	460
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	525	300	230	57,145	30,115	27,030
None	405	235	170	48,935	25,395	23,540
English	90	45	45	7,245	4,205	3,035
French	25	10	10	745	390	360
Non-official language	0	10	0	155	75	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	150	75	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	35	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,030	530	500	102,535	51,600	50,935
Non-movers	950	490	460	91,760	46,395	45,365
Movers	80	35	45	10,770	5,205	5,565
Non-migrants	30	15	20	5,685	2,645	3,040
Migrants	50	25	25	5,090	2,555	2,535
Internal migrants	45	25	25	4,930	2,445	2,485
Intraprovincial migrants	50	25	20	4,795	2,370	2,425
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	130	80	55
External migrants	0	0	0	165	115	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	985	515	465	97,720	49,215	48,500
Non-movers	790	420	370	66,095	33,695	32,405
Movers	195	100	95	31,625	15,520	16,105
Non-migrants	85	45	35	16,465	8,075	8,395
Migrants	115	50	60	15,155	7,445	7,710
Internal migrants	115	50	60	14,660	7,160	7,500
Intraprovincial migrants	105	50	55	14,345	6,995	7,350
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	10	315	165	145
External migrants	0	0	0	500	280	215

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Durham-Sud, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Richmond--Arthabaska [Federal electoral district], Quebec