Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Durham-Sud, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Kingston, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,043	...	...	123,798	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,008	...	...	123,363	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	467	...	...	59,977	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	415	...	...	53,518	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.3	...	...	274.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	92.67	...	...	451.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,045	545	500	123,800	59,580	64,215
0 to 14 years	210	110	95	18,110	9,290	8,815
0 to 4 years	55	30	25	5,870	3,040	2,835
5 to 9 years	80	40	40	6,255	3,160	3,100
10 to 14 years	75	40	35	5,980	3,100	2,880
15 to 64 years	645	330	315	81,680	39,880	41,800
15 to 19 years	60	25	30	6,855	3,445	3,410
20 to 24 years	45	30	20	9,495	4,640	4,855
25 to 29 years	50	25	20	9,155	4,595	4,560
30 to 34 years	60	30	30	8,240	4,130	4,110
35 to 39 years	95	40	45	7,435	3,735	3,700
40 to 44 years	50	30	25	6,790	3,360	3,425
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	7,650	3,690	3,960
50 to 54 years	70	35	35	9,320	4,535	4,780
55 to 59 years	85	40	45	8,830	4,075	4,755
60 to 64 years	85	40	40	7,910	3,670	4,240
65 years and over	185	100	90	24,015	10,410	13,600
65 to 69 years	80	40	35	7,255	3,285	3,965
70 to 74 years	40	30	10	5,545	2,545	3,000
75 to 79 years	35	15	20	4,185	1,865	2,315
80 to 84 years	15	10	10	3,395	1,430	1,960
85 years and over	15	5	10	3,635	1,280	2,360
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	2,255	875	1,375
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	1,075	320	750
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	280	75	210
100 years and over	0	0	0	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.1	20.2	19.0	14.6	15.6	13.7
15 to 64 years	61.7	60.6	63.0	66.0	66.9	65.1
65 years and over	17.7	18.3	18.0	19.4	17.5	21.2
85 years and over	1.4	0.9	2.0	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	40.9	40.9	40.9	42.3	40.9	43.5
Median age of the population	40.8	40.8	40.8	41.9	39.9	43.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Single-detached house	350	...	...	26,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	8,570	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	65	...	...	18,235	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	4,060	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	3,675	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	2,000	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	15	...	...	8,385	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	415	...	...	53,515	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	17,195	...	...
2 persons	155	...	...	19,405	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	7,690	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	6,195	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,040	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,040	...	...	120,220	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	835	430	405	105,695	50,290	55,400
Married or living common law	520	260	260	57,265	28,805	28,460
Married	295	145	150	45,640	23,035	22,605
Living common law	225	120	115	11,625	5,765	5,855
Not married and not living common law	310	175	140	48,430	21,485	26,940
Never married	220	135	85	30,275	15,650	14,630
Separated	10	5	0	3,530	1,540	1,990
Divorced	40	25	20	7,735	2,845	4,895
Widowed	40	10	30	6,885	1,455	5,430
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	300	...	...	33,865	...	...
2 persons	160	...	...	19,075	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	6,955	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	5,685	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	2,145	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	300	...	...	33,865	...	...
Total couple families	255	...	...	27,710	...	...
Married couples	145	...	...	21,905	...	...
Common-law couples	115	...	...	5,810	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	45	...	...	6,145	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	4,860	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	255	...	...	27,715	...	...
Couples without children	130	...	...	15,170	...	...
Couples with children	130	...	...	12,540	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	5,255	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	5,255	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,030	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	6,145	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	3,900	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	1,705	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	165	95	70	27,135	11,935	15,200
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
One-census-family households	290	...	...	32,535	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	120	...	...	14,615	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	170	...	...	17,920	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	655	...	...
Non-census-family households	120	...	...	20,325	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	17,195	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	3,130	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,040	540	500	120,865	57,720	63,140
English only	25	10	10	103,890	50,135	53,755
French only	670	330	340	265	105	155
English and French	350	200	150	16,065	7,215	8,845
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	640	260	380
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,045	545	500	120,865	57,720	63,140
English	100	55	50	115,465	55,170	60,300
French	925	480	450	4,245	2,065	2,185
English and French	15	10	0	540	250	290
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	610	240	365
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	110	55	50	4,515	2,185	2,330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	10.5	10.1	10.0	3.7	3.8	3.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,045	540	500	120,865	57,720	63,140
Single responses	1,015	525	490	119,125	56,920	62,205
Official languages	1,005	520	485	106,660	51,090	55,575
English	100	50	45	102,470	49,050	53,420
French	905	465	440	4,195	2,035	2,155
Non-official languages	15	10	5	12,465	5,830	6,630
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	12,435	5,820	6,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	900	465	435
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	875	450	420
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	820	430	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	220	105	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	70	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	485	155	335
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	10	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	380	125	255
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	220	115	105
Kannada	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	40	40
Tamil	0	0	0	100	55	45
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	7,765	3,675	4,090
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,135	505	630
Baltic languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,100	490	610
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Czech	0	5	0	105	45	60
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	400	175	225
Russian	0	0	0	240	110	135
Serbian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	55	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	5	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	10	5	5	1,545	650	895
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	70	35	40
Dutch	0	0	0	590	265	325
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	10
German	10	5	5	770	305	465
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	330	160	165
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,660	875	780
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,195	635	555
Bengali	0	0	0	195	100	90
Gujarati	0	0	0	160	80	80
Hindi	0	0	0	200	115	85
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	10
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	185	105	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Urdu	0	0	0	325	180	150
Iranian languages	0	0	0	450	235	210
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	420	220	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,020	1,450	1,570
Catalan	0	0	0	10	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	560	280	280
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,530	750	780
Romanian	0	0	0	90	35	55
Spanish	5	5	0	825	380	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Japanese	0	0	5	100	30	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	400	170	230
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	5	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,800	850	955
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,775	830	940
Cantonese	0	0	0	435	210	225
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,170	545	625
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	45	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	50	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	75	45	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	205	85	120
Estonian	0	0	0	30	5	20
Finnish	0	0	0	45	10	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	135	70	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	25	15	10	1,735	800	940
English and French	20	10	5	610	275	335
English and non-official language	0	0	0	975	455	520
French and non-official language	5	0	5	90	40	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,040	545	500	120,865	57,725	63,140
Single responses	1,020	530	490	118,205	56,500	61,700
Official languages	1,015	525	490	113,255	54,180	59,075
English	90	50	40	111,160	53,155	58,010
French	920	475	445	2,095	1,025	1,065
Non-official languages	5	0	0	4,950	2,320	2,625
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	4,940	2,315	2,625
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	450	220	235
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	455	220	235
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	445	215	230
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	45	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	40	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	160	65	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	140	55	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	2,680	1,260	1,415
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	335	155	180
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	325	150	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	110	50	65
Russian	0	0	0	120	55	60
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	150	65	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	50	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	70	30	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	135	70	70
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	830	410	415
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	555	275	290
Bengali	0	0	0	115	60	60
Gujarati	0	0	0	65	30	40
Hindi	0	0	0	80	45	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	155	70	85
Iranian languages	0	0	0	265	140	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	245	125	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,215	560	655
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	140	55	80
Portuguese	0	0	0	660	310	350
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	385	175	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	5	0	0	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	245	115	135
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,030	490	540
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,025	485	540
Cantonese	0	0	0	210	95	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	755	365	390
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	2,660	1,220	1,435
English and French	20	15	10	460	225	235
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,075	950	1,125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	95	35	55
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,040	540	500	120,865	57,720	63,140
None	945	490	455	110,005	52,675	57,330
English	55	30	25	3,335	1,605	1,725
French	35	15	15	2,720	1,205	1,515
Non-official language	10	5	5	4,545	2,115	2,440
Aboriginal	0	0	0	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	4,505	2,095	2,415
English and French	0	0	0	80	35	45
English and non-official language	0	5	0	55	30	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	125	55	70
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	830	430	400	102,125	48,215	53,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	810	425	380	98,580	46,470	52,110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,152	27,712	22,176	35,034	40,493	31,058
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	810	430	380	98,615	46,475	52,145
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,504	25,472	21,280	31,772	36,313	28,319
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	680	370	310	88,700	42,225	46,480
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,952	22,464	18,144	33,150	39,596	27,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	705	370	340	73,155	32,145	41,010
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,408	7,781	8,896	6,089	4,549	6,801
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	550	310	245	71,430	35,460	35,975
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,800	22,464	19,328	30,869	34,798	27,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	835	445	390	102,120	48,255	53,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	810	435	380	98,510	46,480	52,020
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,710	30,194	31,300	46,611	53,335	40,603
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	810	430	380	98,530	46,485	52,045
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,976	27,071	26,868	39,112	44,096	34,660
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	675	375	300	88,740	42,185	46,550
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,832	24,476	27,529	45,281	53,263	38,046
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	715	365	345	73,295	32,145	41,155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,282	10,290	10,273	7,822	7,220	8,293
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	550	330	220	71,430	35,480	35,955
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,844	23,383	32,059	41,719	47,441	36,072
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	840	445	395	102,125	48,260	53,865
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	170	105	65	32,700	17,445	15,250
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	26,826	26,096	32,459	53,952	59,730	49,588
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	31,425	29,679	34,299	62,674	68,528	55,977
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	72.5	76.4	66.5	87.3	90.4	83.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.7	64.1	56.2	65.0	67.3	62.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	27.2	23.5	32.0	12.7	9.6	16.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	835	430	405	102,125	48,220	53,905
Without total income	25	5	20	3,540	1,745	1,800
With total income	805	430	380	98,580	46,475	52,110
Percentage with total income	96.4	100.0	93.8	96.5	96.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	55	65	12,695	5,710	6,990
$10,000 to $19,999	200	100	105	17,215	6,935	10,275
$20,000 to $29,999	150	80	70	13,510	5,425	8,090
$30,000 to $39,999	130	75	55	11,270	4,910	6,360
$40,000 to $49,999	85	45	35	9,975	4,530	5,440
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	20	7,890	3,805	4,085
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	15	6,590	3,665	2,920
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	5	4,875	2,760	2,110
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	3,920	2,205	1,720
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	2,895	1,600	1,290
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	7,750	4,925	2,820
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	5	5,355	3,275	2,085
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	2,390	1,655	740
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	830	430	400	102,125	48,215	53,905
Without after-tax income	25	5	20	3,505	1,745	1,765
With after-tax income	805	425	380	98,615	46,470	52,140
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	98.8	95.0	96.6	96.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	55	65	13,265	5,820	7,445
$10,000 to $19,999	215	105	105	18,025	7,260	10,765
$20,000 to $29,999	180	100	75	15,545	6,375	9,165
$30,000 to $39,999	145	80	70	13,330	5,945	7,395
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	30	11,275	5,255	6,025
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	20	8,595	4,720	3,875
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	6,225	3,600	2,630
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	4,400	2,425	1,975
$80,000 and over	10	5	5	7,950	5,075	2,875
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	2,700	1,565	1,135
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	1,475	935	535
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	3,775	2,575	1,205
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	830	430	400	102,125	48,220	53,905
Without employment income	280	125	155	30,695	12,760	17,935
With employment income	550	310	245	71,435	35,460	35,970
Percentage with employment income	66.3	72.1	61.3	69.9	73.5	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	90	50	40	11,720	5,695	6,030
$5,000 to $9,999	70	45	25	6,225	2,785	3,445
$10,000 to $19,999	105	50	55	9,545	4,245	5,305
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	7,550	3,445	4,105
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	25	6,775	3,120	3,655
$40,000 to $49,999	55	35	15	6,395	2,955	3,440
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	5,150	2,500	2,650
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	4,590	2,620	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	5	3,385	1,970	1,415
$80,000 and over	15	10	10	10,100	6,135	3,960
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	2,895	1,605	1,290
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	2,220	1,195	1,025
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	4,990	3,340	1,650
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	415	...	...	53,515	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,008	...	...	67,485	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	59,541	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...	17,195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,416	...	...	36,271	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,947	...	...	32,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	310	...	...	36,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,416	...	...	86,914	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,360	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,907	...	...	85,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,623	...	...	72,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	95	...	...	17,170	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,498	...	...	48,221	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,236	...	...	40,708	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	320	...	...	36,350	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,838	...	...	103,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,061	...	...	86,786	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	805	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	850	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,830	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	2,125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	2,385	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,275	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	2,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	2,340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	2,255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	4,335	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	3,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,575	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	3,285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,860	...	...
$100,000 and over	55	...	...	16,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	5,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,675	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	3,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	2,920	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	855	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,850	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	2,235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,650	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,510	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	2,745	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	2,710	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	2,780	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	5,070	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	4,575	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	3,465	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	2,885	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	11,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	4,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	3,010	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	3,655	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	300	...	...	33,735	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	88,678	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,488	...	...	77,268	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	14,320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,864	...	...	84,758	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	49,664	...	...	73,789	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	12,665	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,496	...	...	116,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	67,840	...	...	99,863	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	5,815	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,784	...	...	52,562	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,272	...	...	48,718	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	310	...	...	33,825	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,665	...	...	105,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,651	...	...	88,295	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	14,360	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,662	...	...	98,639	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,627	...	...	82,124	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	12,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,889	...	...	135,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,090	...	...	111,977	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	5,820	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	62,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	54,801	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	135	85	50	24,825	10,990	13,835
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,904	19,776	20,160	29,636	29,029	30,059
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,776	19,648	19,968	27,500	26,935	27,970
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	120	85	40	24,530	10,850	13,685
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	24,455	23,118	27,216	41,307	42,534	40,335
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	22,559	21,544	24,654	35,349	36,176	34,694
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,040	540	500	120,220	57,505	62,715
In the bottom half of the distribution	795	405	390	58,775	27,285	31,490
In the bottom decile	120	60	60	13,785	6,485	7,300
In the second decile	215	105	110	11,545	5,115	6,430
In the third decile	185	100	90	10,915	5,025	5,885
In the fourth decile	150	75	75	11,120	5,225	5,895
In the fifth decile	125	65	60	11,405	5,430	5,975
In the top half of the distribution	250	140	110	61,445	30,220	31,225
In the sixth decile	100	60	40	11,880	5,700	6,175
In the seventh decile	70	40	35	12,105	5,905	6,200
In the eighth decile	35	20	15	13,060	6,480	6,575
In the ninth decile	35	15	15	12,930	6,395	6,535
In the top decile	5	0	5	11,475	5,730	5,745
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,040	540	500	120,220	57,500	62,715
0 to 17 years	240	120	115	21,875	11,235	10,640
0 to 5 years	70	35	35	7,085	3,665	3,415
18 to 64 years	615	320	295	76,265	36,545	39,720
65 years and over	185	100	90	22,075	9,725	12,350
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	205	100	100	17,820	8,045	9,780
0 to 17 years	55	25	30	3,820	1,945	1,865
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	1,430	725	700
18 to 64 years	115	60	55	11,910	5,400	6,505
65 years and over	40	20	15	2,100	700	1,405
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.5	20.0	14.8	14.0	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	22.9	20.8	26.1	17.5	17.3	17.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.3	28.6	20.2	19.8	20.5
18 to 64 years (%)	18.7	18.8	18.6	15.6	14.8	16.4
65 years and over (%)	21.6	20.0	16.7	9.5	7.2	11.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	30	35	11,470	5,455	6,010
0 to 17 years	5	0	10	1,920	955	965
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	735	350	385
18 to 64 years	40	25	20	9,105	4,315	4,790
65 years and over	5	5	5	445	190	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.6	7.0	9.5	9.5	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	0.0	8.7	8.8	8.5	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	10.4	9.5	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	7.8	6.8	11.9	11.8	12.1
65 years and over (%)	2.7	5.0	5.6	2.0	2.0	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,040	540	500	120,215	57,505	62,715
Official languages	1,045	540	500	119,570	57,220	62,345
English	370	215	160	119,300	57,075	62,225
French	1,020	525	490	16,250	7,400	8,845
Non-official languages	25	15	15	17,065	7,985	9,075
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	15	55
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	15	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	0	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	10	17,000	7,970	9,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,310	700	615
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,300	685	610
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	1,155	610	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	105	60	40
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	295	140	155
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	70	25	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	110	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	590	175	410
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	0	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	70	35	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	515	135	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	315	170	140
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	180	100	80
Telugu	0	0	0	50	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	11,205	5,295	5,915
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Armenian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,425	645	780
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	10	35
Latvian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,385	640	750
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Czech	0	10	0	165	75	90
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	520	225	300
Russian	0	0	0	385	185	195
Serbian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Slovak	0	0	0	75	40	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	160	75	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages	10	10	0	2,500	1,095	1,405
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	25	25
Danish	0	0	0	80	30	50
Dutch	0	0	0	725	300	425
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	10	10	0	1,660	750	910
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	55	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	440	225	210
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,120	1,135	985
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,625	870	760
Bengali	0	0	0	245	140	105
Gujarati	0	0	0	255	135	120
Hindi	0	0	0	725	380	345
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	30	0	20
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	345	185	160
Sindhi	0	0	0	40	25	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Urdu	0	0	0	515	285	230
Iranian languages	0	0	0	530	280	250
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	45	15	30
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	475	255	220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	15	4,985	2,325	2,655
Catalan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italian	0	0	0	1,000	485	515
Portuguese	10	0	0	1,955	970	980
Romanian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Spanish	20	0	15	2,175	920	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	10
Japanese	0	0	0	170	80	90
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	495	235	260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	250	115	130
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	75	30	50
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	15
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	60	35	25
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	20	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	225	85	140
American Sign Language	0	0	0	170	55	115
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,130	1,010	1,115
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,100	985	1,110
Cantonese	0	0	0	620	280	340
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,460	690	775
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	150	65	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	160	85	70
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	155	80	70
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	220	90	130
Estonian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Finnish	0	0	0	85	35	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,040	540	500	120,215	57,505	62,715
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,035	535	500	115,215	55,095	60,120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	235	110	125	21,350	10,915	10,440
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	800	425	375	93,865	44,180	49,680
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	10	0	5,000	2,405	2,595
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,040	540	500	120,215	57,500	62,715
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,015	525	495	102,740	49,245	53,500
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	20	20	10	15,840	7,405	8,435
Before 1981	20	10	0	7,410	3,420	3,990
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,720	825	895
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	2,065	990	1,075
2001 to 2010	0	10	0	3,010	1,400	1,605
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,435	680	760
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	1,570	720	850
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,630	770	860
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,640	860	780
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	20	0	15,840	7,405	8,430
Under 5 years	10	0	10	1,910	910	1,000
5 to 14 years	0	10	0	3,215	1,600	1,615
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	3,545	1,500	2,045
25 to 44 years	10	10	0	6,200	2,950	3,255
45 years and over	0	0	0	965	455	510
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	0	15,840	7,405	8,435
Americas	0	0	0	2,390	1,040	1,355
Brazil	0	0	0	105	45	60
Colombia	0	0	0	70	15	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	175	85	90
Guyana	0	0	0	85	25	55
Haiti	0	0	0	25	0	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	175	90	85
Mexico	0	0	0	100	40	60
Peru	0	0	0	35	0	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	95	45	50
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,205	510	695
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	330	170	160
Europe	20	15	0	7,540	3,530	4,010
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	15	25
Croatia	0	0	0	30	20	10
France	10	0	10	115	60	60
Germany	0	0	0	610	225	385
Greece	0	0	0	175	110	65
Hungary	0	0	0	70	45	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	100	55	40
Italy	0	0	0	430	220	210
Netherlands	0	0	0	640	290	350
Poland	0	0	0	285	135	150
Portugal	0	0	0	1,190	595	595
Romania	0	0	0	70	40	40
Russian Federation	0	0	0	105	25	80
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ukraine	0	0	0	100	45	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,895	1,355	1,545
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	620	265	355
Africa	0	0	0	1,065	530	535
Algeria	0	0	0	35	15	20
Egypt	0	0	0	260	145	115
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kenya	0	0	0	65	30	35
Morocco	0	0	0	55	25	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	30	30
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	120	60	60
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	435	205	230
Asia	0	0	0	4,705	2,230	2,480
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	115	70	45
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	950	415	535
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	120	50	70
India	0	0	0	725	355	365
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	300	170	130
Iraq	0	0	0	90	55	35
Japan	0	0	0	75	20	55
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	350	170	175
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	50	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	365	185	180
Philippines	0	0	0	515	165	350
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	145	75	70
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	70	30	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0	160	70	85
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	600	300	300
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	135	80	60
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,630	770	860
Americas	0	0	0	265	135	125
Brazil	0	0	0	55	30	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	30	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	30	20
Europe	0	0	0	200	90	115
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	90	40	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
Africa	0	0	0	200	100	105
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	30	10	20
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	20	15
Asia	0	0	0	955	435	520
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	190	80	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	135	70	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	15
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	45	15	25
Philippines	0	0	0	130	40	90
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	20	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	65	40	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,040	540	500	120,220	57,505	62,715
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25	20	10	18,575	8,840	9,730
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	75	30	50	20,025	9,750	10,275
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	940	495	445	81,620	38,910	42,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	10	0	8,645	4,075	4,565
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	4,920	2,450	2,465
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,915	1,255	660
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	3,010	1,200	1,810
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	10	0	2,630	1,035	1,600
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,065	575	490
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,045	540	500	120,220	57,505	62,715
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	4,220	1,965	2,255
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	4,070	1,875	2,195
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	2,660	1,230	1,435
Métis	0	0	0	1,365	620	740
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	40	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,040	540	500	115,995	55,540	60,460
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,045	545	500	120,220	57,505	62,715
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,115	550	560
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,040	540	500	119,100	56,950	62,150
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,040	540	500	120,220	57,505	62,710
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	855	405	445
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	840	400	440
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	670	305	365
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	155	90	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	35	20	15	5,835	2,805	3,030
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	35	20	15	5,685	2,745	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	4,260	2,015	2,245
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,370	705	665
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	135	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,005	520	485	113,535	54,295	59,240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,040	540	500	120,215	57,505	62,715
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	10	0	11,655	5,780	5,875
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,395	1,280	1,120
Chinese	0	0	0	2,535	1,210	1,325
Black	10	0	0	1,750	910	840
Filipino	0	0	0	755	295	460
Latin American	0	0	0	885	380	500
Arab	0	0	0	1,020	555	465
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	545	245	300
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	460	255	205
Korean	0	0	0	525	260	260
Japanese	0	0	0	190	70	120
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	165	85	80
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	425	230	195
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,040	540	500	108,565	51,725	56,840
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,045	540	500	120,220	57,505	62,710
North American Aboriginal origins	35	20	15	6,685	3,210	3,475
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	15	5,085	2,380	2,705
Inuit	0	0	0	80	40	45
Métis	0	0	0	1,680	860	820
Other North American origins	690	340	355	43,985	21,040	22,945
Acadian	0	0	0	370	205	165
American	10	0	0	1,840	890	945
Canadian	670	330	335	42,620	20,375	22,245
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	115	55	60
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	25	10	15	60	35	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	515	285	230	90,020	42,445	47,580
British Isles origins	150	100	50	69,265	32,510	36,750
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	0
English	35	30	10	38,695	17,960	20,745
Irish	75	45	30	33,385	15,285	18,100
Manx	0	0	0	45	15	30
Scottish	75	50	30	29,640	13,850	15,795
Welsh	0	0	0	2,900	1,290	1,610
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	4,395	1,960	2,435
French origins	410	215	195	17,575	8,270	9,310
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	0
French	410	215	200	17,565	8,260	9,305
Western European origins (except French origins)	20	10	10	19,560	9,005	10,555
Austrian	0	0	0	750	355	400
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	0	0	0	425	215	210
Dutch	0	0	0	6,880	3,130	3,750
Flemish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Frisian	0	0	0	30	10	15
German	0	10	0	12,630	5,845	6,790
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	465	230	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25	20	0	3,815	1,880	1,930
Danish	0	0	0	940	475	460
Finnish	20	15	10	695	340	355
Icelandic	0	0	0	265	135	125
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,030	540	485
Swedish	25	15	10	975	390	580
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	175	115	60
Eastern European origins	30	15	10	9,430	4,380	5,050
Bulgarian	10	0	0	35	20	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	530	255	280
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Estonian	0	0	0	150	60	90
Hungarian	0	0	0	985	515	470
Latvian	0	0	0	160	55	105
Lithuanian	0	0	0	260	140	120
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polish	20	15	10	3,745	1,735	2,015
Romanian	0	0	0	460	240	225
Russian	0	0	0	1,195	535	665
Slovak	10	0	10	300	140	160
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,795	1,275	1,520
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Southern European origins	10	10	0	10,345	5,180	5,160
Albanian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	285	190	100
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	920	500	425
Italian	10	10	0	4,435	2,215	2,220
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Maltese	0	0	0	105	60	50
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,445	1,780	1,660
Serbian	0	0	0	180	85	100
Sicilian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Slovenian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Spanish	0	0	0	1,035	440	595
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	140	60	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	680	335	350
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	365	175	190
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	260	135	125
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	1,120	545	575
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	130	65	70
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	105	45	60
Dominican	0	0	0	30	20	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	535	285	250
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	125	50	75
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	70	40	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,375	640	735
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	70	25	40
Arawak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	145	70	75
Chilean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Colombian	0	0	0	120	30	95
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	0	40
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	65	30	35
Guyanese	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	0	20
Honduran	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maya	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mexican	0	0	0	255	135	125
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	55	35	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	0	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	175	85	90
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	75	55	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	105	35	70
African origins	10	0	0	2,125	1,040	1,080
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	405	185	220
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	85	35	55
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	15	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Togolese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	20	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	45	25	15
North African origins	0	10	0	810	390	415
Algerian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Berber	0	0	0	50	15	35
Coptic	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	450	225	225
Libyan	0	0	0	40	20	25
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	115	45	70
Sudanese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	20	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	430	230	200
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	55	35	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	35	30	10
South African	0	0	0	205	95	110
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	525	250	275
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	70	30	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	470	225	245
Asian origins	0	0	0	9,455	4,725	4,725
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	2,035	1,145	885
Afghan	0	0	0	75	35	35
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	390	215	175
Armenian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	580	335	240
Iraqi	0	0	0	95	55	35
Israeli	0	0	0	65	25	40
Jordanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	295	170	120
Palestinian	0	0	0	105	65	45
Pashtun	0	0	0	10	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Syrian	0	0	0	100	50	45
Tajik	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	170	100	70
Turkmen	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	35	30	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,610	1,405	1,205
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	45	15	30
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,800	985	820
Goan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	35	15	25
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	400	210	190
Punjabi	0	0	0	65	30	35
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	160	90	75
Tamil	0	0	0	40	30	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	75	40	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	4,950	2,280	2,670
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	105	40	65
Chinese	0	0	0	2,915	1,395	1,520
Filipino	0	0	0	860	340	515
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Japanese	0	0	0	245	100	145
Karen	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	550	270	280
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	45	10	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	30	10
Thai	0	0	0	65	20	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	300	155	145
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	265	150	115
Australian	0	0	0	185	110	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	70	35	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Owner	325	...	...	31,900	...	...
Renter	90	...	...	21,620	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	415	...	...	53,515	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,480	...	...
Not condominium	415	...	...	50,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	265	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	7,060	...	...
2 bedrooms	115	...	...	13,875	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	19,220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	130	...	...	13,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	415	...	...	53,515	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	14,650	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	7,755	...	...
6 rooms	80	...	...	7,775	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...	7,270	...	...
8 or more rooms	125	...	...	16,065	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
One person or fewer per room	415	...	...	53,250	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
Suitable	410	...	...	51,920	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
1960 or before	205	...	...	12,305	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	17,090	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	8,960	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	6,035	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	3,285	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	3,265	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	415	...	...	53,515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	365	...	...	50,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	3,185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
1 household maintainer	290	...	...	31,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	20,280	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	415	...	...	53,520	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	3,070	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	8,395	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	7,595	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	9,785	...	...
55 to 64 years	100	...	...	9,885	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	7,885	...	...
75 to 84 years	60	...	...	4,765	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	2,140	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	375	...	...	53,330	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	325	...	...	38,345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	14,985	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	13,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	290	...	...	31,770	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.6	...	...	57.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.8	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	500	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	1,306	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,667	...	...	300,616	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,805	...	...	357,365	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	85	...	...	21,605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	23.5	...	...	48.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	451	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	477	...	...	1,065	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	835	445	395	102,120	48,260	53,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	155	70	14,110	7,170	6,940
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	190	90	100	28,455	14,330	14,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	200	225	59,560	26,755	32,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	100	80	5,760	4,015	1,745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	135	60	75	2,795	1,655	1,140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	35	10	2,970	2,360	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	150	65	85	24,040	9,195	14,850
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	1,430	505	925
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	85	30	55	28,320	13,035	15,290
Bachelor's degree	60	20	45	16,450	6,900	9,550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	1,435	625	810
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,370	755	610
Master's degree	10	10	10	6,275	2,905	3,370
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	2,790	1,850	940
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	525	270	250	63,860	30,430	33,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	110	80	30	4,925	2,770	2,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	95	40	55	15,525	8,330	7,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	155	165	43,405	19,330	24,075
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	80	65	3,735	2,575	1,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	55	60	1,875	1,085	795
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	25	0	1,850	1,495	360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	55	65	17,865	7,080	10,790
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	10	830	335	490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	55	25	35	20,975	9,340	11,635
Bachelor's degree	45	10	35	11,835	4,835	6,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	980	415	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,170	595	575
Master's degree	0	10	0	4,975	2,260	2,720
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	2,020	1,235	785
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	835	440	390	102,120	48,260	53,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	415	245	170	42,560	21,505	21,060
Education	45	0	45	3,910	1,050	2,860
13. Education	45	0	45	3,915	1,055	2,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,155	860	1,290
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	335	280	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,820	585	1,235
Humanities	10	10	0	4,125	1,675	2,455
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	345	100	245
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	1,185	320	860
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	760	315	445
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	55	25	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	315	150	170
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	365	210	160
54. History	0	0	0	890	525	375
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	205	30	175
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	25	8,425	2,885	5,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	155	40	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	605	225	375
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	1,465	145	1,325
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	1,175	450	720
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	605	140	470
42. Psychology	10	0	0	1,680	450	1,230
45. Social sciences	10	15	0	2,745	1,435	1,310
Business, management and public administration	50	20	35	9,645	3,635	6,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	1,280	300	985
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	20	30	8,355	3,335	5,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	3,235	1,715	1,515
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,675	690	980
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	330	155	170
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,120	820	295
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	90	45	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	2,280	1,500	785
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	0	1,655	1,170	480
25. Library science	0	0	0	140	30	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	460	275	180
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	110	100	10	9,165	8,370	795
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	320	215	105
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,810	2,305	500
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	15	0	2,085	1,970	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	1,970	1,950	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	25	0	1,430	1,405	20
48. Precision production	20	20	0	555	525	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	20	10	685	425	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	25	15	355	210	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	330	215	115
Health and related fields	45	0	35	11,785	2,495	9,295
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	835	425	410
51. Health professions and related programs	40	10	35	10,410	1,745	8,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	540	325	215
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	10	50	4,130	2,145	1,985
12. Personal and culinary services	45	0	45	2,180	645	1,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	170	160	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	160	145	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,310	895	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	315	295	20
Other	0	0	0	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	525	270	250	63,860	30,430	33,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	200	115	80	20,450	11,100	9,355
Education	20	0	20	2,540	680	1,860
13. Education	15	0	20	2,540	680	1,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,545	575	965
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	235	195	40
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,310	380	925
Humanities	0	0	0	2,615	1,100	1,510
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	210	60	150
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	695	185	515
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	480	210	270
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	225	125	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	235	140	90
54. History	0	0	0	625	370	250
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	125	15	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	6,520	2,135	4,380
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	120	40	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	480	200	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	15	1,125	100	1,025
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	960	320	640
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	485	100	380
42. Psychology	0	0	10	1,295	340	960
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,065	1,045	1,020
Business, management and public administration	50	25	25	7,180	2,730	4,450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	975	235	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	20	20	6,195	2,490	3,705
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,315	1,105	1,210
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,300	505	795
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	245	105	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	710	485	225
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	15	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	1,790	1,190	600
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	1,400	985	415
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	15	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	280	170	110
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	75	10	6,450	5,775	675
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	245	165	80
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,040	1,605	435
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,555	1,455	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	1,335	1,315	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	25	0	910	895	15
48. Precision production	20	20	0	365	335	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	10	535	315	220
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	255	145	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	285	170	115
Health and related fields	35	0	30	8,690	1,985	6,705
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	590	340	250
51. Health professions and related programs	40	0	30	7,675	1,415	6,255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	430	235	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	10	45	3,220	1,735	1,490
12. Personal and culinary services	40	0	40	1,600	495	1,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	145	135	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	125	120	10
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	1,095	750	345
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	15	0	260	240	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	835	445	390	102,120	48,260	53,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	415	240	170	42,560	21,500	21,060
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	425	200	225	59,560	26,755	32,805
Location of study inside Canada	415	190	225	52,640	23,330	29,310
Same as province or territory of residence	405	185	215	46,195	20,480	25,715
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	6,440	2,845	3,590
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	10	0	6,925	3,425	3,495
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,670	890	780
Philippines	0	0	0	310	60	250
India	0	0	0	405	200	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,240	740	505
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	410	215	200
France	0	0	0	125	70	60
Other	0	0	0	2,755	1,260	1,500
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	525	275	255	63,860	30,430	33,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	205	115	85	20,450	11,100	9,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	320	155	170	43,405	19,330	24,075
Location of study inside Canada	325	155	170	38,810	17,175	21,635
Same as province or territory of residence	320	150	170	34,200	15,205	19,000
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	4,610	1,970	2,635
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	4,590	2,155	2,435
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,075	520	555
Philippines	0	0	0	230	40	185
India	0	0	0	290	135	155
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	565	345	220
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	355	190	165
France	0	0	0	75	45	30
Other	0	0	0	2,005	880	1,125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	835	445	395	102,125	48,260	53,865
In the labour force	475	275	200	63,770	31,755	32,015
Employed	430	230	195	58,710	29,150	29,560
Unemployed	50	40	0	5,060	2,610	2,450
Not in the labour force	355	170	190	38,355	16,500	21,855
Participation rate	56.9	61.8	50.6	62.4	65.8	59.4
Employment rate	51.5	51.7	49.4	57.5	60.4	54.9
Unemployment rate	10.5	14.5	0.0	7.9	8.2	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	835	445	390	102,120	48,255	53,865
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	325	150	175	35,545	15,165	20,375
Worked	510	290	220	66,575	33,090	33,485
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	175	105	70	33,455	17,925	15,530
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	330	180	150	33,125	15,170	17,955
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.2	40.4	42.6	42.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	475	275	200	63,770	31,760	32,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	1,615	820	790
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	460	265	195	62,155	30,930	31,225
Employee	385	210	170	56,390	27,550	28,845
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	75	55	25	5,770	3,385	2,380
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	475	275	200	63,765	31,755	32,010
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	1,615	825	790
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	465	265	195	62,155	30,930	31,220
0 Management occupations	70	50	25	5,835	3,610	2,220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60	30	35	8,445	2,390	6,060
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	10	3,515	2,835	675
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	6,445	1,695	4,745
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	0	45	11,930	5,290	6,645
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,915	840	1,075
6 Sales and service occupations	85	50	30	16,320	7,160	9,160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	75	10	5,950	5,655	295
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	15	10	735	595	140
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	45	0	1,075	865	210
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	475	275	200	63,770	31,755	32,010
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	1,615	825	790
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	465	265	195	62,155	30,930	31,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	70	20	295	185	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	105	100	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	305	245	65
23 Construction	35	30	10	3,445	3,095	345
31-33 Manufacturing	80	55	30	2,300	1,755	545
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	1,110	805	305
44-45 Retail trade	60	30	30	7,240	3,455	3,790
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	35	10	1,460	1,150	310
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	950	530	420
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	0	1,810	715	1,095
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,145	630	510
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	3,010	1,600	1,410
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	15	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	10	2,970	1,765	1,205
61 Educational services	35	10	30	8,405	3,435	4,975
62 Health care and social assistance	35	0	35	10,175	2,405	7,775
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	1,445	690	755
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	6,065	2,670	3,395
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	10	0	2,425	1,050	1,385
91 Public administration	15	10	10	7,460	4,650	2,810
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	430	235	195	58,715	29,150	29,560
Worked at home	80	45	35	3,480	1,665	1,820
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	265	170	95
No fixed workplace address	35	30	0	5,460	3,855	1,600
Worked at usual place	310	155	155	49,510	23,460	26,045
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	310	160	160	49,505	23,465	26,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30	15	15	44,890	20,840	24,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	75	55	20	310	170	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	205	90	115	4,085	2,310	1,770
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	225	135	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	350	185	160	54,965	27,320	27,645
Car, truck, van - as a driver	325	175	150	39,300	20,440	18,855
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	10	3,990	1,445	2,550
Public transit	0	0	0	4,565	1,845	2,720
Walked	0	0	0	5,110	2,435	2,675
Bicycle	0	0	0	1,330	815	520
Other method	0	0	0	675	335	335
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	345	185	160	54,970	27,320	27,650
Less than 15 minutes	55	35	25	21,245	10,210	11,035
15 to 29 minutes	160	95	65	25,105	12,565	12,540
30 to 44 minutes	65	30	35	5,935	3,010	2,925
45 to 59 minutes	40	20	25	1,315	690	625
60 minutes and over	25	10	10	1,370	840	530
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	345	185	160	54,970	27,320	27,650
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,200	1,465	740
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	50	45	8,590	5,165	3,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	125	60	60	16,440	8,365	8,075
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	35	15	20	13,280	5,610	7,670
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	15	6,315	2,725	3,585
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	70	55	20	8,150	3,990	4,160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	525	300	225	68,365	33,875	34,485
Single responses	510	285	225	67,720	33,560	34,160
Official languages	510	290	225	67,460	33,420	34,045
English	35	20	15	66,770	33,205	33,565
French	470	265	210	690	205	485
Non-official languages	0	0	0	260	140	115
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	135	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	0	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	0	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	60	35	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	25	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	105	60	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	15	10	645	320	330
English and French	15	15	0	430	220	215
English and non-official language	0	0	0	200	100	100
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	525	300	230	68,365	33,875	34,485
None	405	235	170	64,135	31,820	32,315
English	90	45	45	610	220	395
French	25	10	10	3,005	1,525	1,480
Non-official language	0	10	0	575	305	265
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	565	300	260
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	10	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,030	530	500	119,030	56,920	62,115
Non-movers	950	490	460	98,915	47,070	51,850
Movers	80	35	45	20,115	9,850	10,265
Non-migrants	30	15	20	12,550	6,145	6,405
Migrants	50	25	25	7,565	3,705	3,860
Internal migrants	45	25	25	6,420	3,120	3,305
Intraprovincial migrants	50	25	20	4,810	2,325	2,480
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,615	790	825
External migrants	0	0	0	1,145	590	555
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	985	515	465	114,335	54,430	59,910
Non-movers	790	420	370	64,140	30,585	33,555
Movers	195	100	95	50,200	23,845	26,355
Non-migrants	85	45	35	28,245	13,515	14,730
Migrants	115	50	60	21,950	10,325	11,625
Internal migrants	115	50	60	18,515	8,640	9,875
Intraprovincial migrants	105	50	55	14,090	6,460	7,630
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	10	4,425	2,180	2,245
External migrants	0	0	0	3,435	1,685	1,750

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Durham-Sud, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kingston, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 31, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham-Sud, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario