Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Lin--Laurentides, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Kitimat-Stikine, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,786	...	...	37,367	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	17,463	...	...	37,361	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	19.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,376	...	...	16,922	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,083	...	...	14,822	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	175.6	...	...	0.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	118.36	...	...	104,464.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,785	10,655	10,130	37,365	19,125	18,245
0 to 14 years	4,445	2,350	2,100	6,895	3,535	3,360
0 to 4 years	1,745	945	805	2,220	1,125	1,090
5 to 9 years	1,545	795	750	2,385	1,210	1,175
10 to 14 years	1,155	610	545	2,290	1,200	1,095
15 to 64 years	14,070	7,165	6,905	24,900	12,810	12,095
15 to 19 years	1,090	530	555	2,270	1,185	1,080
20 to 24 years	1,385	685	700	2,225	1,200	1,020
25 to 29 years	1,820	895	930	2,375	1,230	1,145
30 to 34 years	1,580	790	790	2,415	1,220	1,195
35 to 39 years	1,525	780	740	2,145	1,100	1,045
40 to 44 years	1,240	660	580	2,270	1,130	1,145
45 to 49 years	1,290	670	615	2,675	1,320	1,355
50 to 54 years	1,600	855	745	2,955	1,510	1,445
55 to 59 years	1,430	725	705	2,975	1,545	1,430
60 to 64 years	1,115	570	550	2,595	1,365	1,230
65 years and over	2,270	1,145	1,130	5,570	2,780	2,790
65 to 69 years	895	460	435	2,070	1,065	1,000
70 to 74 years	595	315	275	1,460	750	705
75 to 79 years	360	190	170	945	480	465
80 to 84 years	250	120	135	625	295	335
85 years and over	165	60	105	475	195	280
85 to 89 years	120	50	75	330	145	185
90 to 94 years	30	10	20	120	45	75
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	25	5	20
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.4	22.1	20.7	18.5	18.5	18.4
15 to 64 years	67.7	67.2	68.2	66.6	67.0	66.3
65 years and over	10.9	10.7	11.2	14.9	14.5	15.3
85 years and over	0.8	0.6	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.5
Average age of the population	36.3	36.2	36.5	39.9	39.6	40.1
Median age of the population	35.2	35.4	35.0	40.8	40.4	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,080	...	...	14,820	...	...
Single-detached house	5,850	...	...	10,665	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,070	...	...	3,260	...	...
Semi-detached house	440	...	...	850	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	540	...	...	465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,030	...	...	985	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	90	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	160	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
1 person	1,895	...	...	3,995	...	...
2 persons	2,785	...	...	5,235	...	...
3 persons	1,520	...	...	2,280	...	...
4 persons	1,180	...	...	1,940	...	...
5 or more persons	700	...	...	1,380	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,605	...	...	36,940	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,340	8,305	8,035	30,470	15,590	14,880
Married or living common law	9,945	4,965	4,980	17,675	8,845	8,830
Married	4,225	2,115	2,115	12,960	6,490	6,470
Living common law	5,720	2,850	2,865	4,720	2,355	2,365
Not married and not living common law	6,395	3,345	3,055	12,795	6,745	6,055
Never married	4,555	2,555	1,995	8,455	5,015	3,440
Separated	230	110	120	1,015	500	515
Divorced	920	455	465	1,690	830	860
Widowed	690	220	465	1,640	405	1,235
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,030	...	...	10,750	...	...
2 persons	2,915	...	...	5,745	...	...
3 persons	1,470	...	...	2,290	...	...
4 persons	1,120	...	...	1,805	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	910	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,030	...	...	10,750	...	...
Total couple families	4,940	...	...	8,670	...	...
Married couples	2,080	...	...	6,315	...	...
Common-law couples	2,860	...	...	2,360	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,090	...	...	2,080	...	...
Female parent	785	...	...	1,460	...	...
Male parent	305	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,940	...	...	8,670	...	...
Couples without children	2,260	...	...	4,475	...	...
Couples with children	2,680	...	...	4,200	...	...
1 child	1,165	...	...	1,740	...	...
2 children	1,025	...	...	1,610	...	...
3 or more children	485	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,090	...	...	2,080	...	...
1 child	655	...	...	1,270	...	...
2 children	305	...	...	550	...	...
3 or more children	130	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,080	1,805	1,270	6,400	3,565	2,835
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
One-census-family households	5,765	...	...	9,825	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,150	...	...	4,190	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,610	...	...	5,640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	135	...	...	445	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,185	...	...	4,545	...	...
One-person households	1,895	...	...	3,990	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	295	...	...	555	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,645	10,595	10,050	37,060	18,995	18,065
English only	35	15	20	34,770	17,885	16,880
French only	14,705	7,305	7,400	45	15	30
English and French	5,880	3,260	2,620	2,110	1,040	1,070
Neither English nor French	20	15	5	140	55	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,645	10,595	10,045	37,060	18,995	18,065
English	335	170	165	36,145	18,525	17,620
French	20,190	10,355	9,835	740	395	340
English and French	100	50	45	45	25	25
Neither English nor French	20	15	5	135	45	85
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	385	195	190	760	410	350
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	1.8	1.9	2.1	2.2	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,645	10,595	10,050	37,060	18,995	18,065
Single responses	20,460	10,495	9,960	36,485	18,700	17,785
Official languages	20,065	10,275	9,795	31,960	16,510	15,455
English	285	145	140	31,185	16,095	15,090
French	19,790	10,130	9,655	775	415	365
Non-official languages	390	225	170	4,525	2,190	2,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,355	685	675
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	25	5	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	5
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,065	550	515
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	735	380	355
Nisga'a	0	0	0	285	150	135
Tsimshian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	90	30	50
Haisla	0	0	0	80	35	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	385	220	165	3,165	1,510	1,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	30	15	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	10	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	30	10	20	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	215	70	145
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	175	60	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	5	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	20	10
Tamil	5	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	145	110	2,550	1,235	1,315
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	195	85	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	20	10	10	195	85	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	55	25	30
Russian	5	5	5	55	20	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	30	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	850	425	425
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	25	25
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dutch	0	0	0	125	55	70
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	5	585	300	285
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	365	185	180
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	360	180	175
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	295	145	150
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	120	90	1,110	520	585
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	45	15	120	65	55
Portuguese	35	20	15	845	410	440
Romanian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	105	55	45	130	45	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	20	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	120	55	60
Chinese languages	10	5	5	120	60	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	45	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	10	0	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	60	35	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	95	85	575	295	280
English and French	120	60	60	110	50	55
English and non-official language	15	10	5	450	225	220
French and non-official language	40	20	20	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	10	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,645	10,595	10,050	37,060	18,995	18,070
Single responses	20,415	10,485	9,930	36,285	18,615	17,670
Official languages	20,285	10,410	9,875	34,860	17,935	16,925
English	225	115	110	34,505	17,770	16,740
French	20,055	10,290	9,765	355	165	185
Non-official languages	130	75	60	1,425	680	750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	400	210	190
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	350	185	165
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	295	150	145
Nisga'a	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	135	75	55	1,030	470	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	75	30	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	65	30	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	50	40	760	335	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	50	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	50	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Russian	5	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	5	125	60	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	5	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	100	110
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	205	95	110
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	175	80	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	30	370	155	215
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	35	10	20
Portuguese	5	5	5	285	120	170
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	30	20	55	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	20	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	70	35	40
Chinese languages	10	5	0	75	35	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	25	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	230	110	120	775	385	390
English and French	120	55	60	55	35	20
English and non-official language	15	5	5	705	345	365
French and non-official language	75	35	40	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	25	15	15	10	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,645	10,595	10,045	37,060	18,995	18,065
None	19,380	9,930	9,450	33,570	17,250	16,325
English	840	440	400	790	385	405
French	165	85	80	375	190	185
Non-official language	195	105	90	2,295	1,155	1,140
Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,260	655	600
Non-Aboriginal	190	100	90	1,035	500	535
English and French	15	5	5	0	0	5
English and non-official language	45	25	20	10	0	5
French and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,165	8,235	7,935	30,065	15,395	14,665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,530	7,965	7,560	28,905	14,865	14,040
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,362	37,541	25,361	33,810	43,136	27,490
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,535	7,965	7,570	28,945	14,890	14,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,276	32,826	23,884	30,823	37,915	25,660
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,350	7,155	6,195	25,045	13,155	11,890
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,676	35,217	20,830	32,844	42,469	26,212
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,540	6,145	6,395	20,790	9,795	11,000
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,556	5,974	8,968	6,803	7,023	6,731
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,795	6,415	5,380	22,015	11,845	10,170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,064	35,950	22,092	32,736	42,517	27,058
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,050	15,365	14,680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,485	7,930	7,560	28,875	14,815	14,060
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,189	41,534	28,535	44,431	53,712	34,653
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,500	7,930	7,570	28,925	14,840	14,085
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,170	34,689	25,438	37,347	43,895	30,451
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,340	7,110	6,230	24,980	13,130	11,850
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,520	39,500	24,559	44,290	54,246	33,258
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,540	6,150	6,395	20,665	9,650	11,010
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,868	7,896	9,802	8,550	8,653	8,460
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,800	6,425	5,375	22,000	11,860	10,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,981	39,336	25,377	43,967	53,098	33,296
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,050	15,365	14,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,075	2,895	2,180	8,715	4,875	3,840
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,498	46,014	33,500	56,222	67,944	44,545
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	42,924	48,867	35,029	65,184	76,052	51,388
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.1	85.0	70.2	86.4	89.6	81.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.0	76.0	63.3	75.1	78.6	69.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.9	15.0	29.7	13.6	10.4	18.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,165	8,235	7,935	30,065	15,400	14,665
Without total income	635	265	375	1,160	535	630
With total income	15,530	7,965	7,565	28,905	14,865	14,035
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.7	95.3	96.1	96.5	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,880	750	1,135	4,775	2,185	2,595
$10,000 to $19,999	2,855	1,065	1,790	4,585	1,905	2,680
$20,000 to $29,999	2,685	1,175	1,510	3,810	1,595	2,220
$30,000 to $39,999	2,620	1,295	1,320	3,240	1,375	1,865
$40,000 to $49,999	1,935	1,115	820	2,780	1,255	1,525
$50,000 to $59,999	1,385	895	490	2,220	1,175	1,040
$60,000 to $69,999	880	650	235	1,710	1,065	650
$70,000 to $79,999	590	450	140	1,265	800	465
$80,000 to $89,999	295	225	65	1,050	690	355
$90,000 to $99,999	160	130	35	940	720	220
$100,000 and over	245	215	30	2,530	2,100	430
$100,000 to $149,999	195	175	20	1,930	1,590	340
$150,000 and over	50	45	10	600	510	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,065	15,400	14,670
Without after-tax income	630	270	365	1,120	515	605
With after-tax income	15,535	7,970	7,570	28,945	14,890	14,060
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.8	95.4	96.3	96.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,925	760	1,165	4,925	2,255	2,670
$10,000 to $19,999	3,045	1,165	1,880	4,780	2,020	2,755
$20,000 to $29,999	3,380	1,545	1,835	4,450	1,880	2,570
$30,000 to $39,999	3,055	1,650	1,410	3,765	1,640	2,125
$40,000 to $49,999	2,135	1,365	765	3,175	1,595	1,585
$50,000 to $59,999	1,125	810	315	2,295	1,365	925
$60,000 to $69,999	510	365	145	1,590	1,020	570
$70,000 to $79,999	185	160	30	1,410	1,030	380
$80,000 and over	190	160	25	2,555	2,075	480
$80,000 to $89,999	90	75	10	925	705	220
$90,000 to $99,999	30	30	0	585	480	110
$100,000 and over	65	60	10	1,045	890	155
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,065	15,400	14,670
Without employment income	4,370	1,820	2,555	8,050	3,550	4,500
With employment income	11,795	6,415	5,380	22,015	11,850	10,170
Percentage with employment income	72.9	77.9	67.8	73.2	76.9	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,255	585	665	3,660	1,920	1,740
$5,000 to $9,999	930	360	565	1,575	695	885
$10,000 to $19,999	2,015	795	1,220	2,645	1,195	1,450
$20,000 to $29,999	1,895	890	1,000	2,450	1,005	1,450
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	970	840	2,235	915	1,330
$40,000 to $49,999	1,340	820	520	1,825	760	1,065
$50,000 to $59,999	945	695	250	1,545	825	715
$60,000 to $69,999	635	495	140	1,200	780	420
$70,000 to $79,999	475	385	90	1,030	680	345
$80,000 and over	500	415	85	3,845	3,080	765
$80,000 to $89,999	210	170	45	915	635	285
$90,000 to $99,999	135	110	20	820	625	195
$100,000 and over	160	140	15	2,110	1,825	285
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,085	...	...	14,825	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,578	...	...	71,742	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,005	...	...	62,936	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,895	...	...	3,995	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,312	...	...	36,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,224	...	...	33,034	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,185	...	...	10,830	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,482	...	...	88,502	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,607	...	...	77,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,080	...	...	14,825	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,422	...	...	86,564	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,844	...	...	72,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	3,990	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,019	...	...	48,316	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,256	...	...	40,587	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,190	...	...	10,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,716	...	...	100,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,971	...	...	84,779	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,080	...	...	14,820	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	285	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	410	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	325	...	...	570	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	380	...	...	650	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	315	...	...	580	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	395	...	...	635	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	435	...	...	630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...	590	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	445	...	...	585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	845	...	...	1,075	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	805	...	...	1,025	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	695	...	...	960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	620	...	...	880	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	545	...	...	795	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,510	...	...	4,965	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	860	...	...	1,620	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	1,265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...	1,300	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	295	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	195	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	200	...	...	415	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	415	...	...	735	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	385	...	...	665	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	515	...	...	770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	535	...	...	665	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	585	...	...	685	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,015	...	...	1,320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	1,145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	770	...	...	1,110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	605	...	...	985	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	435	...	...	835	...	...
$100,000 and over	715	...	...	3,685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	495	...	...	1,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	955	...	...
$150,000 and over	80	...	...	1,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,975	...	...	10,460	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,118	...	...	87,801	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,370	...	...	76,850	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,065	...	...	4,060	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,032	...	...	84,507	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,616	...	...	73,216	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,700	...	...	4,245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,983	...	...	111,825	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,981	...	...	96,326	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,030	...	...	1,790	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,885	...	...	47,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,984	...	...	43,941	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,005	...	...	10,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,362	...	...	99,901	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,602	...	...	84,044	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,055	...	...	4,070	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,791	...	...	94,757	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,332	...	...	79,388	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,695	...	...	4,215	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,306	...	...	123,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,811	...	...	102,791	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	1,830	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,003	...	...	58,998	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,568	...	...	52,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,600	1,585	1,010	5,280	2,980	2,305
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,211	32,469	23,072	34,533	38,074	31,424
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,984	28,800	22,144	31,121	33,664	28,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,535	1,620	915	5,200	2,970	2,230
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,140	37,589	28,006	45,296	49,990	39,049
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,079	31,531	24,719	38,271	41,319	34,214
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	20,605	10,570	10,030	36,935	18,925	18,015
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,165	7,175	6,995	18,750	9,400	9,350
In the bottom decile	1,840	905	935	4,855	2,530	2,330
In the second decile	2,565	1,265	1,305	3,965	1,925	2,040
In the third decile	3,400	1,725	1,680	3,305	1,625	1,680
In the fourth decile	3,375	1,725	1,650	3,315	1,655	1,665
In the fifth decile	2,980	1,560	1,420	3,305	1,665	1,640
In the top half of the distribution	6,435	3,400	3,040	18,190	9,520	8,665
In the sixth decile	2,530	1,345	1,185	3,555	1,835	1,720
In the seventh decile	1,915	1,005	910	3,525	1,795	1,725
In the eighth decile	1,195	605	585	3,765	1,970	1,790
In the ninth decile	610	340	275	3,860	2,040	1,825
In the top decile	195	105	85	3,480	1,880	1,600
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	20,605	10,575	10,030	29,425	14,940	14,485
0 to 17 years	5,095	2,665	2,435	6,220	3,180	3,045
0 to 5 years	2,055	1,095	955	2,035	1,025	1,005
18 to 64 years	13,365	6,820	6,550	18,710	9,520	9,195
65 years and over	2,140	1,090	1,045	4,500	2,245	2,250
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,915	1,400	1,515	3,825	1,850	1,975
0 to 17 years	850	445	410	1,140	575	565
0 to 5 years	265	135	125	400	190	205
18 to 64 years	1,625	745	875	2,085	1,020	1,065
65 years and over	450	210	235	600	255	350
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	13.2	15.1	13.0	12.4	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	16.7	16.7	16.8	18.3	18.1	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.3	13.1	19.7	18.5	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	10.9	13.4	11.1	10.7	11.6
65 years and over (%)	21.0	19.3	22.5	13.3	11.4	15.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,085	565	520	1,585	840	745
0 to 17 years	250	135	110	405	215	185
0 to 5 years	75	40	35	120	65	60
18 to 64 years	790	410	380	1,115	595	525
65 years and over	45	20	25	70	30	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.4	5.6	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.1	4.5	6.5	6.8	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	3.7	3.7	5.9	6.3	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.0	5.8	6.0	6.3	5.7
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.8	2.4	1.6	1.3	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	20,600	10,570	10,035	36,940	18,920	18,020
Official languages	20,600	10,570	10,030	36,800	18,890	17,910
English	5,885	3,240	2,650	36,740	18,860	17,885
French	20,580	10,560	10,015	2,170	1,090	1,080
Non-official languages	815	420	390	6,570	3,225	3,345
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	2,605	1,345	1,260
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	35	25	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	425	215	215
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	425	215	210
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	150	80	70
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	50	20	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	225	115	110
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	225	115	110
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,970	1,020	950
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,055	535	520
Nisga'a	0	0	0	875	470	405
Tsimshian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	150	70	85
Haisla	0	0	0	135	65	75
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	810	420	390	3,975	1,885	2,095
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	45	20	40	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	45	20	35	25	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	65	45	25	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	15	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	245	90	155
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	205	80	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	25	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	615	315	295	3,215	1,555	1,660
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	20	0	215	105	115
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	20	20	10	215	100	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	30	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	50	15	30
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	25	15	1,025	475	550
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	15	40
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dutch	0	0	0	75	35	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	25	0	845	410	435
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	10	0	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	450	230	215
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	435	225	210
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	10	10	0	125	55	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	300	165	130
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iranian languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	275	280	1,555	760	795
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	95	65	35	150	90	55
Portuguese	30	20	10	985	475	515
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	435	195	240	425	190	235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	15	10	10	30	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	70	40	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	20	0	15	95	35	55
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	0	30
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	55	30	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	140	60	85
Chinese languages	0	0	0	140	60	85
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	45	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	0	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	20	0	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	60	35	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	20,605	10,575	10,030	36,940	18,920	18,015
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,485	10,515	9,970	35,715	18,305	17,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,095	2,655	2,440	8,150	4,220	3,930
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,390	7,855	7,535	27,565	14,095	13,475
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	60	60	1,225	615	615
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	20,605	10,575	10,030	36,935	18,920	18,015
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	20,130	10,320	9,805	33,020	17,040	15,980
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	465	235	225	3,675	1,750	1,925
Before 1981	135	75	55	2,300	1,115	1,180
1981 to 1990	70	25	45	355	160	195
1991 to 2000	70	35	35	295	120	170
2001 to 2010	130	75	55	470	210	265
2001 to 2005	75	40	35	120	40	80
2006 to 2010	55	40	20	350	165	185
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	25	40	260	145	115
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	15	0	240	135	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	465	240	230	3,675	1,750	1,930
Under 5 years	95	35	60	475	220	255
5 to 14 years	100	60	45	690	395	290
15 to 24 years	90	55	35	1,010	465	550
25 to 44 years	155	80	75	1,330	585	745
45 years and over	20	0	15	175	85	85
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	465	235	230	3,680	1,750	1,925
Americas	155	60	95	530	230	300
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	15	25	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mexico	25	0	20	30	0	25
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	360	160	200
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	35	85	40	40
Europe	220	125	95	2,185	1,095	1,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	105	55	50	15	10	0
Germany	10	10	0	355	180	180
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Italy	30	20	10	90	50	40
Netherlands	0	0	0	80	40	40
Poland	0	10	0	55	20	30
Portugal	0	0	0	680	340	340
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	540	255	290
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	255	130	130
Africa	50	30	20	140	75	60
Algeria	10	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	15	0	15
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	45	30	10
Asia	40	15	20	740	320	420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	80	20	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	10	10
India	10	0	0	280	140	145
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	185	75	110
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	60	15	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	90	35	60
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	25	40	265	145	115
Americas	15	10	10	40	35	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	10	0	0
Europe	30	15	15	35	15	20
France	25	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10	45	30	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	10	10	0
Asia	10	0	10	135	55	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	45	25	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	20,605	10,575	10,030	36,940	18,920	18,015
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	495	255	240	4,045	1,940	2,100
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	780	460	315	5,680	2,940	2,745
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	19,330	9,855	9,475	27,215	14,045	13,170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	345	165	175	1,445	665	780
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	180	90	90	760	420	345
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	60	35	15	315	215	105
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	120	50	75	440	200	240
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	45	70	610	200	415
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	50	30	20	70	55	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	20,605	10,575	10,030	36,935	18,920	18,015
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	275	110	160	13,265	6,740	6,525
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	260	105	155	13,055	6,655	6,405
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	105	35	70	11,790	6,035	5,755
Métis	150	70	85	1,215	595	620
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	55	20	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	120	45	75
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,330	10,460	9,865	23,670	12,180	11,490
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	20,600	10,570	10,030	36,940	18,925	18,020
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	55	25	30	11,100	5,665	5,435
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,550	10,555	9,995	25,835	13,255	12,580
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	20,600	10,570	10,035	36,940	18,920	18,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	205	95	105	8,470	4,360	4,110
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	205	95	110	8,395	4,315	4,080
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	190	90	90	8,205	4,215	3,990
Métis single ancestry	10	10	10	170	90	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	70	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	900	400	505	4,445	2,255	2,190
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	890	395	500	4,305	2,220	2,085
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	820	370	450	3,515	1,795	1,720
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	25	40	745	400	345
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	50	30	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	140	35	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	135	30	105
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,500	10,075	9,425	24,020	12,305	11,710
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	20,600	10,570	10,030	36,940	18,920	18,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	445	225	220	1,710	830	875
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	575	310	270
Chinese	20	10	10	185	85	95
Black	200	90	110	210	110	100
Filipino	0	0	0	325	135	185
Latin American	140	65	80	140	65	85
Arab	55	45	15	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	10	30	0	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	45	30
Japanese	0	0	0	70	40	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,160	10,350	9,810	35,225	18,090	17,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	20,605	10,570	10,035	36,940	18,920	18,015
North American Aboriginal origins	1,105	500	605	12,915	6,615	6,300
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,020	470	550	11,930	6,080	5,850
Inuit	10	0	15	85	55	35
Métis	85	30	50	1,120	555	560
Other North American origins	16,505	8,460	8,040	8,875	4,520	4,355
Acadian	115	65	45	60	30	25
American	100	60	40	585	300	285
Canadian	15,635	8,000	7,635	8,375	4,265	4,115
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	875	465	415	30	20	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,690	3,385	3,305	23,125	11,815	11,305
British Isles origins	1,605	775	830	14,345	7,315	7,030
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	260	100	155	8,195	4,185	4,010
Irish	1,185	575	605	5,100	2,525	2,575
Manx	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish	330	150	180	6,460	3,250	3,210
Welsh	0	0	0	720	370	350
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	55	25	25	905	450	455
French origins	4,495	2,260	2,230	4,095	2,055	2,045
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	30	15	15	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,465	2,250	2,215	4,100	2,055	2,040
Western European origins (except French origins)	475	255	215	7,170	3,620	3,555
Austrian	0	0	0	275	100	175
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	150	90	55	100	50	50
Dutch	25	10	15	1,540	815	725
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	275	145	135	5,410	2,720	2,685
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	10	405	215	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25	15	10	3,405	1,685	1,720
Danish	0	0	0	475	230	250
Finnish	10	10	0	310	150	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	185	95	90
Norwegian	15	0	0	1,620	825	790
Swedish	10	10	0	1,035	495	540
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	130	65	65
Eastern European origins	225	110	110	3,580	1,790	1,790
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	10	0	10	95	35	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	90	50	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	15	10	10	365	180	185
Latvian	15	0	10	45	25	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	60	45	975	440	535
Romanian	10	15	0	125	70	55
Russian	10	10	10	595	325	270
Slovak	10	0	10	135	75	60
Ukrainian	45	25	25	1,660	845	810
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	1,175	605	575	3,690	1,855	1,830
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	120	50	70
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	40	20	120	45	80
Italian	865	440	425	1,090	575	515
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	100	90	2,070	1,065	1,005
Serbian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Spanish	110	50	55	255	120	135
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	15	35	20	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	15	30	275	140	135
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	10	85	55	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	10	20	180	80	100
Caribbean origins	285	135	155	95	45	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	190	85	105	10	10	10
Jamaican	15	0	10	50	25	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Martinican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	215	100	120	290	140	150
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	15	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilean	35	20	15	10	0	10
Colombian	10	10	0	30	10	25
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	0	25	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexican	80	30	45	110	50	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	25	0	10
Salvadorean	35	25	15	20	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	110	70	45	310	170	140
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	25	20	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	65	50	10	35	20	10
Algerian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	25	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	25	10	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	0	85	30	50
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	40	0	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other African origins	35	10	25	170	100	70
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	15	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	15	160	90	70
Asian origins	110	55	55	1,615	765	850
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	20	30	100	35	70
Afghan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	30	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	10	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins	10	10	0	625	320	305
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	580	300	280
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	60	30	30	920	410	505
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	20	10	10	310	130	185
Filipino	0	0	0	335	140	190
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Japanese	0	10	0	155	95	55
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	75	40	35
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	20	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oceania origins	10	10	10	185	95	95
Australian	0	0	10	75	40	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	25	0	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	85	50	35
Fijian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,080	...	...	14,820	...	...
Owner	6,010	...	...	10,965	...	...
Renter	2,075	...	...	3,515	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,085	...	...	14,825	...	...
Condominium	235	...	...	590	...	...
Not condominium	7,850	...	...	14,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,080	...	...	14,820	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	745	...	...	980	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,970	...	...	3,170	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,760	...	...	5,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,605	...	...	4,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,080	...	...	14,825	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,260	...	...	2,840	...	...
5 rooms	1,510	...	...	2,655	...	...
6 rooms	1,340	...	...	2,555	...	...
7 rooms	1,155	...	...	2,040	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,820	...	...	4,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,030	...	...	14,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
Suitable	7,800	...	...	14,155	...	...
Not suitable	285	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
1960 or before	695	...	...	2,675	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,750	...	...	6,015	...	...
1981 to 1990	850	...	...	2,535	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,235	...	...	2,195	...	...
2001 to 2005	695	...	...	375	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,320	...	...	495	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,535	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,085	...	...	14,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,660	...	...	12,370	...	...
Major repairs needed	425	...	...	2,455	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,085	...	...	14,825	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,705	...	...	9,060	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,280	...	...	5,250	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	100	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,085	...	...	14,825	...	...
15 to 24 years	410	...	...	485	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,735	...	...	2,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,530	...	...	2,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,620	...	...	3,225	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,455	...	...	3,220	...	...
65 to 74 years	875	...	...	2,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	385	...	...	1,170	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,035	...	...	12,295	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,290	...	...	10,480	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,745	...	...	1,820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,585	...	...	1,620	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,975	...	...	9,235	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	80.1	...	...	55.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.7	...	...	8.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,064	...	...	794	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,046	...	...	970	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,184	...	...	279,452	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	208,396	...	...	297,642	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	3,075	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	4.1	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.3	...	...	32.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	819	...	...	883	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	823	...	...	919	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,165	8,230	7,935	30,045	15,370	14,680
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,230	2,755	2,480	7,720	4,125	3,595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,475	1,730	1,750	8,405	4,075	4,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,465	3,750	3,705	13,930	7,170	6,765
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,645	2,795	1,850	3,805	2,955	845
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,145	1,555	1,585	1,615	1,040	580
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,505	1,235	265	2,185	1,920	265
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,945	675	1,270	5,855	2,525	3,330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	115	145	785	240	545
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	610	165	440	3,490	1,445	2,040
Bachelor's degree	520	140	385	2,385	985	1,405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	15	230	70	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	105	50	55
Master's degree	45	10	35	685	300	385
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	80	40	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,560	5,950	5,610	20,255	10,345	9,920
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,020	1,650	1,375	3,810	2,115	1,695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,350	1,205	1,145	5,675	2,730	2,940
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,190	3,100	3,090	10,780	5,495	5,280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,930	2,330	1,600	2,715	2,165	555
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,675	1,300	1,375	1,140	735	400
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,255	1,030	220	1,575	1,425	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,555	555	1,000	4,575	1,985	2,585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	180	80	105	585	180	405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	525	135	390	2,895	1,165	1,730
Bachelor's degree	460	120	345	2,000	805	1,190
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	200	60	140
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	80	35	40
Master's degree	35	10	25	555	235	320
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	65	30	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,165	8,230	7,935	30,050	15,365	14,680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,705	4,480	4,230	16,120	8,200	7,920
Education	345	70	275	1,095	265	835
13. Education	345	70	280	1,095	260	830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	85	125	245	105	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	10	35	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	170	50	110	215	85	130
Humanities	185	70	115	485	210	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	90	30	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	55	70	145	40	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	125	80	45
54. History	0	0	0	70	40	30
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	45	375	1,085	315	765
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	10	40	55	20	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	0	225	370	25	340
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	45	75	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	20	10	15
42. Psychology	55	10	40	170	60	110
45. Social sciences	30	10	20	355	175	180
Business, management and public administration	1,325	240	1,075	2,190	540	1,650
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	70	410	75	335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,255	245	1,015	1,780	460	1,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	25	320	150	175
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	165	80	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	65	30	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	15	0	70	35	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	85	75	160	90	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	85	65	130	80	50
25. Library science	15	0	10	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,610	2,450	160	4,070	3,775	290
04. Architecture and related services	30	15	15	35	30	0
14. Engineering	50	45	10	290	260	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	325	280	45	580	520	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	960	925	40	1,380	1,280	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	690	670	20	1,215	1,145	65
48. Precision production	550	515	35	560	540	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	85	55	730	540	185
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	55	55	150	65	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	30	0	575	475	105
Health and related fields	1,030	110	920	2,110	370	1,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	15	100	45	60
51. Health professions and related programs	1,015	110	905	1,995	320	1,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	990	490	500	1,445	810	635
12. Personal and culinary services	525	90	435	795	250	545
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	120	85	35	170	145	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	310	30	470	400	70
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,555	5,945	5,610	20,260	10,345	9,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,365	2,845	2,525	9,480	4,845	4,635
Education	245	45	200	830	175	655
13. Education	245	45	200	830	175	655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	70	105	180	80	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	150	50	95	160	60	95
Humanities	130	55	80	380	160	220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	80	30	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	50	45	130	35	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	60	20
54. History	0	0	0	55	20	30
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	375	40	335	875	255	620
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	35	50	20	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	0	200	285	15	270
22. Legal professions and studies	50	0	50	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	15	10	15
42. Psychology	50	15	35	135	50	85
45. Social sciences	30	10	20	300	150	150
Business, management and public administration	1,110	200	910	1,795	460	1,335
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	0	50	345	70	280
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,060	200	860	1,450	395	1,055
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	275	120	155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	10	145	70	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	50	20	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	55	20	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	80	70	145	75	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	75	60	115	75	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,150	2,015	130	2,985	2,760	225
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	10	25	25	0
14. Engineering	45	35	10	240	215	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	270	240	30	410	370	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	780	745	40	1,065	985	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	580	570	15	905	850	50
48. Precision production	445	420	30	330	315	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	80	60	620	445	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	55	60	125	50	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	25	0	490	395	100
Health and related fields	875	95	775	1,595	310	1,285
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	15	90	40	55
51. Health professions and related programs	860	100	760	1,500	265	1,230
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	820	405	415	1,105	660	450
12. Personal and culinary services	430	65	370	600	210	390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	70	20	145	125	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	295	270	30	355	310	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,050	15,365	14,680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,705	4,480	4,230	16,120	8,205	7,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,460	3,755	3,705	13,930	7,170	6,765
Location of study inside Canada	7,375	3,695	3,680	12,680	6,525	6,155
Same as province or territory of residence	7,310	3,665	3,645	10,295	5,265	5,035
Different than province or territory of residence	65	30	40	2,380	1,265	1,120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	85	60	20	1,250	640	610
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	290	155	135
Philippines	0	0	0	105	55	50
India	0	0	0	125	65	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	195	105	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	40	35	10	0	10	0
Other	35	20	15	520	260	260
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,560	5,945	5,610	20,260	10,345	9,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,370	2,850	2,520	9,480	4,845	4,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,190	3,100	3,090	10,780	5,495	5,280
Location of study inside Canada	6,120	3,055	3,065	9,955	5,115	4,835
Same as province or territory of residence	6,075	3,035	3,045	8,045	4,075	3,975
Different than province or territory of residence	45	20	25	1,905	1,045	860
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	50	25	825	385	445
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	190	90	95
Philippines	0	0	0	90	45	40
India	0	0	0	95	40	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	90	35	55
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	40	30	10	10	0	0
Other	35	20	15	355	165	190
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,170	8,235	7,935	30,045	15,370	14,680
In the labour force	11,085	6,060	5,025	19,335	10,470	8,865
Employed	10,260	5,545	4,710	16,665	8,820	7,850
Unemployed	830	515	320	2,670	1,655	1,015
Not in the labour force	5,085	2,175	2,910	10,710	4,895	5,815
Participation rate	68.6	73.6	63.3	64.4	68.1	60.4
Employment rate	63.5	67.3	59.4	55.5	57.4	53.5
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.5	6.4	13.8	15.8	11.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,165	8,230	7,935	30,050	15,365	14,680
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,910	2,125	2,790	9,820	4,540	5,275
Worked	11,260	6,110	5,150	20,230	10,825	9,400
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,170	2,945	2,225	8,935	5,010	3,925
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,085	3,160	2,920	11,295	5,815	5,475
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.6	41.8	40.3	40.4	40.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,085	6,060	5,025	19,335	10,475	8,865
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	135	115	650	340	310
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,840	5,925	4,915	18,690	10,130	8,560
Employee	9,540	5,135	4,405	17,140	9,195	7,940
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,295	790	505	1,545	935	615
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,085	6,060	5,030	19,335	10,470	8,865
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	140	110	645	340	310
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,835	5,920	4,910	18,690	10,130	8,560
0 Management occupations	780	440	335	1,700	945	755
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,380	345	1,040	2,230	495	1,735
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	300	235	70	995	800	195
3 Health occupations	595	60	535	1,070	205	870
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	945	130	820	2,390	660	1,735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	150	55	95	345	145	205
6 Sales and service occupations	2,475	970	1,505	4,330	1,735	2,595
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,220	3,025	195	4,015	3,755	255
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	180	130	45	690	610	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	810	535	270	920	790	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,085	6,060	5,030	19,340	10,470	8,865
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	135	110	645	340	305
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,840	5,925	4,915	18,690	10,135	8,560
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	245	165	75	700	600	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	30	10	430	350	80
22 Utilities	60	65	0	195	150	45
23 Construction	1,600	1,405	200	2,115	1,805	315
31-33 Manufacturing	1,520	1,100	420	1,610	1,345	265
41 Wholesale trade	385	260	130	395	315	80
44-45 Retail trade	1,495	665	830	2,155	975	1,185
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	735	545	185	905	665	240
51 Information and cultural industries	110	60	50	215	110	100
52 Finance and insurance	190	45	145	235	40	190
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	65	45	180	115	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	385	155	225	805	450	350
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	335	190	805	480	320
61 Educational services	410	80	330	1,605	445	1,155
62 Health care and social assistance	1,290	120	1,170	2,175	345	1,830
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	80	60	285	140	150
72 Accommodation and food services	615	190	420	1,630	670	960
81 Other services (except public administration)	650	370	280	705	325	375
91 Public administration	330	180	150	1,525	800	730
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,260	5,545	4,710	16,665	8,820	7,850
Worked at home	655	260	400	755	340	415
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	20	10	10
No fixed workplace address	1,670	1,390	280	2,540	1,965	575
Worked at usual place	7,925	3,895	4,035	13,350	6,495	6,855
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,920	3,890	4,030	13,350	6,500	6,855
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,605	675	935	8,880	4,290	4,590
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	380	175	205	4,065	1,920	2,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,935	3,045	2,890	305	210	95
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	10	100	75	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,595	5,285	4,315	15,890	8,465	7,430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,695	4,860	3,835	12,435	6,695	5,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	425	230	190	1,255	675	585
Public transit	115	40	75	220	105	115
Walked	250	85	165	1,420	600	815
Bicycle	30	15	15	285	170	110
Other method	80	50	30	280	215	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,590	5,280	4,310	15,890	8,465	7,430
Less than 15 minutes	1,695	790	910	10,270	4,880	5,390
15 to 29 minutes	1,960	925	1,035	3,425	1,965	1,460
30 to 44 minutes	2,605	1,425	1,180	740	435	305
45 to 59 minutes	1,625	1,020	605	570	460	110
60 minutes and over	1,705	1,125	580	885	720	165
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,595	5,280	4,315	15,890	8,465	7,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,815	1,360	460	1,345	1,040	305
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,160	1,255	905	2,190	1,565	630
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,815	690	1,120	3,925	2,215	1,710
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,155	485	670	4,390	1,605	2,785
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	490	95	395	1,745	680	1,065
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,165	1,405	760	2,285	1,355	935
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,640	6,300	5,340	20,925	11,165	9,765
Single responses	11,270	6,080	5,190	20,845	11,125	9,715
Official languages	11,270	6,080	5,185	20,785	11,115	9,675
English	200	125	75	20,720	11,090	9,630
French	11,070	5,955	5,110	65	25	35
Non-official languages	0	0	0	55	15	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	220	155	85	40	45
English and French	360	210	150	30	15	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	25
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,645	6,300	5,340	20,925	11,165	9,760
None	9,570	5,075	4,500	20,125	10,795	9,335
English	1,890	1,120	765	40	15	30
French	135	75	55	315	155	160
Non-official language	35	15	20	435	195	240
Aboriginal	0	0	0	300	145	155
Non-Aboriginal	40	15	20	140	50	85
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,250	10,405	9,845	36,490	18,745	17,750
Non-movers	17,800	9,150	8,650	31,650	16,265	15,390
Movers	2,455	1,255	1,200	4,840	2,470	2,365
Non-migrants	865	430	425	2,720	1,335	1,385
Migrants	1,590	825	770	2,120	1,140	985
Internal migrants	1,575	810	760	2,010	1,075	935
Intraprovincial migrants	1,550	795	755	1,580	845	730
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	435	230	210
External migrants	20	10	0	110	65	45
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,860	9,635	9,220	34,650	17,750	16,895
Non-movers	10,930	5,690	5,240	21,980	11,250	10,735
Movers	7,930	3,945	3,985	12,665	6,505	6,160
Non-migrants	3,050	1,480	1,570	6,320	3,210	3,110
Migrants	4,880	2,470	2,415	6,345	3,300	3,050
Internal migrants	4,840	2,440	2,400	5,855	3,030	2,825
Intraprovincial migrants	4,815	2,425	2,390	4,405	2,255	2,145
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	0	1,455	775	680
External migrants	45	30	15	490	265	225

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Lin--Laurentides, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kitimat-Stikine, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Lin--Laurentides, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Kitimat-Stikine, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia