Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			City of Toronto Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,942,044	...	...	2,731,571	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,886,481	...	...	2,615,060	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	939,112	...	...	1,179,057	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	870,373	...	...	1,112,929	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,889.8	...	...	4,334.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	499.26	...	...	630.20	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,942,045	944,490	997,560	2,731,570	1,313,585	1,417,985
0 to 14 years	304,470	155,320	149,155	398,135	204,190	193,945
0 to 4 years	109,740	56,060	53,680	136,000	69,895	66,100
5 to 9 years	104,385	53,250	51,130	135,025	69,350	65,680
10 to 14 years	90,350	46,010	44,340	127,110	64,945	62,165
15 to 64 years	1,313,915	653,520	660,395	1,906,495	925,075	981,420
15 to 19 years	97,835	49,365	48,465	145,520	74,240	71,285
20 to 24 years	139,720	69,190	70,530	194,745	97,415	97,330
25 to 29 years	153,505	75,655	77,850	232,945	113,910	119,040
30 to 34 years	152,195	74,675	77,520	224,580	108,895	115,680
35 to 39 years	147,480	73,440	74,040	196,310	94,070	102,240
40 to 44 years	128,970	65,105	63,860	182,395	86,535	95,860
45 to 49 years	125,505	63,790	61,715	190,925	90,855	100,065
50 to 54 years	131,865	67,065	64,800	202,410	98,735	103,670
55 to 59 years	127,010	62,680	64,330	182,805	88,145	94,655
60 to 64 years	109,825	52,545	57,285	153,865	72,270	81,595
65 years and over	323,660	135,650	188,010	426,940	184,325	242,615
65 to 69 years	95,180	44,325	50,855	130,540	60,360	70,180
70 to 74 years	72,390	31,985	40,410	93,605	42,320	51,285
75 to 79 years	57,290	24,010	33,275	76,165	32,730	43,435
80 to 84 years	46,700	18,670	28,030	60,635	25,670	34,965
85 years and over	52,100	16,660	35,445	66,000	23,250	42,750
85 to 89 years	32,310	11,365	20,945	40,800	15,665	25,130
90 to 94 years	15,195	4,360	10,835	19,680	6,180	13,500
95 to 99 years	3,950	830	3,120	4,750	1,275	3,470
100 years and over	650	100	540	770	120	650
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	15.0	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	67.7	69.2	66.2	69.8	70.4	69.2
65 years and over	16.7	14.4	18.8	15.6	14.0	17.1
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	40.6	39.4	41.7
Median age of the population	39.1	38.2	40.1	39.3	38.0	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Single-detached house	99,485	...	...	269,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	126,600	...	...	493,280	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	643,860	...	...	349,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,185	...	...	71,230	...	...
Row house	33,500	...	...	61,630	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	108,890	...	...	48,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	465,920	...	...	165,630	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,370	...	...	2,860	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	425	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	870,370	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
1 person	342,510	...	...	359,960	...	...
2 persons	259,295	...	...	333,425	...	...
3 persons	118,645	...	...	175,725	...	...
4 persons	97,490	...	...	146,580	...	...
5 or more persons	52,435	...	...	97,245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,895,000	...	...	2,691,665	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,637,575	789,170	848,405	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035
Married or living common law	799,705	402,505	397,195	1,181,360	592,560	588,800
Married	579,130	290,175	288,960	1,011,185	505,025	506,160
Living common law	220,575	112,335	108,240	170,175	87,540	82,635
Not married and not living common law	837,870	386,665	451,205	1,152,080	516,840	635,235
Never married	585,780	308,260	277,520	806,265	410,975	395,295
Separated	33,630	14,010	19,620	68,715	27,570	41,145
Divorced	127,000	46,890	80,110	151,995	55,490	96,515
Widowed	91,460	17,505	73,960	125,100	22,810	102,285
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	485,285	...	...	718,755	...	...
2 persons	241,425	...	...	344,110	...	...
3 persons	109,090	...	...	174,600	...	...
4 persons	93,220	...	...	143,250	...	...
5 or more persons	41,555	...	...	56,795	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	485,285	...	...	718,750	...	...
Total couple families	385,585	...	...	566,155	...	...
Married couples	275,400	...	...	481,125	...	...
Common-law couples	110,185	...	...	85,030	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	99,700	...	...	152,600	...	...
Female parent	81,190	...	...	128,550	...	...
Male parent	18,505	...	...	24,050	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385,585	...	...	566,160	...	...
Couples without children	178,105	...	...	250,085	...	...
Couples with children	207,475	...	...	316,070	...	...
1 child	82,305	...	...	133,440	...	...
2 children	85,985	...	...	130,765	...	...
3 or more children	39,185	...	...	51,865	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	99,700	...	...	152,600	...	...
1 child	63,310	...	...	94,025	...	...
2 children	26,780	...	...	41,160	...	...
3 or more children	9,610	...	...	17,415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	488,715	238,040	250,675	602,860	277,825	325,035
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	870,375	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
One-census-family households	469,260	...	...	653,360	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	172,615	...	...	226,085	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	296,640	...	...	427,275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,855	...	...	31,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	393,260	...	...	427,975	...	...
One-person households	342,505	...	...	359,960	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50,750	...	...	68,015	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515
English only	220,425	109,555	110,870	2,323,235	1,139,580	1,183,655
French only	517,445	230,460	286,990	2,720	1,140	1,585
English and French	1,131,680	575,450	556,225	245,695	107,990	137,705
Neither English nor French	45,210	17,800	27,405	132,765	53,195	79,570
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,914,755	933,260	981,500	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510
English	543,485	270,085	273,400	2,508,820	1,219,600	1,289,220
French	1,164,335	562,200	602,135	39,800	18,805	20,995
English and French	163,025	83,800	79,230	24,865	11,210	13,655
Neither English nor French	43,910	17,175	26,735	130,935	52,295	78,645
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	625,000	311,985	313,015	52,230	24,405	27,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	32.6	33.4	31.9	1.9	1.9	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,914,760	933,265	981,495	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515
Single responses	1,823,085	887,650	935,430	2,598,230	1,251,215	1,347,015
Official languages	1,195,590	584,190	611,405	1,411,340	697,965	713,380
English	307,080	153,045	154,040	1,375,900	681,120	694,780
French	888,515	431,145	457,365	35,440	16,845	18,595
Non-official languages	627,490	303,465	324,025	1,186,885	553,255	633,635
Aboriginal languages	580	205	380	420	185	235
Algonquian languages	310	120	190	315	140	170
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	275	100	175	85	30	50
Atikamekw	25	5	20	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	40	10	30	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Naskapi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	50	25	30	0	5	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	25	10	15
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	85	40	15	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	200	95	105
Algonquin	15	10	5	0	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	175	85	90
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	10	5	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	210	60	150	20	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	170	45	130	20	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	10	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	626,905	303,255	323,655	1,186,465	553,070	633,400
Afro-Asiatic languages	122,040	64,460	57,575	65,535	32,335	33,205
Berber languages	13,915	7,405	6,515	135	75	50
Kabyle	8,560	4,560	3,995	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5,360	2,840	2,515	75	45	30
Cushitic languages	695	330	360	12,355	5,305	7,050
Bilen	15	5	10	70	45	30
Oromo	5	5	0	855	420	440
Somali	660	310	355	11,375	4,810	6,565
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	50	30	20
Semitic languages	107,255	56,630	50,625	52,850	26,835	26,010
Amharic	585	275	310	6,430	2,880	3,545
Arabic	102,805	54,340	48,465	29,825	15,745	14,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	25	4,840	2,360	2,480
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	700	360	335
Harari	5	0	0	755	350	405
Hebrew	3,435	1,800	1,635	4,350	2,350	2,005
Maltese	10	5	5	1,425	720	710
Tigrigna	305	145	160	4,145	1,890	2,260
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	380	185	185
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	205	115	90
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,425	11,465	12,960	26,160	11,855	14,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,980	2,315	2,660	1,365	590	775
Vietnamese	19,435	9,145	10,290	24,775	11,255	13,520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	25	5	10
Austronesian languages	17,455	6,340	11,115	99,755	39,025	60,730
Bikol	100	35	65	320	135	185
Cebuano	650	230	425	3,390	1,335	2,055
Fijian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hiligaynon	370	120	255	1,695	660	1,035
Ilocano	1,910	695	1,210	7,135	2,765	4,370
Malagasy	445	200	250	20	10	10
Malay	455	185	270	1,930	880	1,050
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	180	80	95	715	310	410
Pangasinan	80	35	45	325	125	200
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,980	4,650	8,330	83,230	32,445	50,790
Waray-Waray	40	5	35	210	60	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	240	100	140	755	290	465
Creole languages	36,850	16,270	20,580	3,015	1,350	1,665
Haitian Creole	1,320	630	685	165	80	90
Creole, n.o.s.	35,015	15,370	19,650	1,830	815	1,010
Creole languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	1,020	460	565
Dravidian languages	11,900	5,990	5,915	67,055	33,175	33,880
Kannada	200	105	95	730	380	350
Malayalam	335	185	150	4,560	2,465	2,100
Tamil	10,860	5,395	5,470	57,535	27,935	29,600
Telugu	495	300	190	4,130	2,355	1,775
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	100	45	55
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	20	5	10
Indo-European languages	328,955	158,575	170,380	589,410	282,355	307,060
Albanian	1,735	880	855	8,495	4,230	4,275
Armenian	7,455	3,530	3,925	7,845	3,745	4,105
Balto-Slavic languages	41,965	18,705	23,260	120,445	53,655	66,790
Baltic languages	570	200	365	3,485	1,365	2,125
Latvian	200	75	125	1,605	640	965
Lithuanian	370	125	240	1,880	720	1,160
Slavic languages	41,395	18,505	22,895	116,955	52,290	64,665
Belarusan	50	30	20	195	100	95
Bosnian	290	140	150	1,110	530	580
Bulgarian	4,300	2,060	2,245	4,345	2,075	2,270
Croatian	1,195	590	605	5,565	2,535	3,035
Czech	830	380	445	2,860	1,345	1,515
Macedonian	100	50	55	6,190	2,920	3,270
Polish	8,875	3,815	5,060	25,060	10,845	14,210
Russian	18,990	8,425	10,565	36,145	15,805	20,345
Serbian	1,490	725	765	13,385	6,455	6,930
Serbo-Croatian	480	215	265	1,470	665	800
Slovak	640	265	380	3,100	1,455	1,645
Slovene (Slovenian)	405	185	225	1,785	745	1,035
Ukrainian	3,680	1,590	2,085	15,465	6,685	8,785
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	280	140	140
Celtic languages	60	35	25	270	125	140
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	75	40	40
Welsh	15	5	10	85	30	50
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	10	110	60	45
Germanic languages	15,160	7,225	7,935	22,310	10,095	12,210
Afrikaans	70	35	35	400	210	185
Danish	205	90	115	670	285	380
Dutch	1,175	590	585	3,180	1,535	1,645
Frisian	5	0	0	35	20	15
German	6,075	2,695	3,380	14,515	6,435	8,080
Icelandic	55	25	25	65	35	30
Norwegian	115	60	50	230	105	125
Swedish	335	150	185	695	305	395
Vlaams (Flemish)	140	50	95	130	50	80
Yiddish	6,925	3,495	3,430	2,350	1,095	1,255
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	35	10	20
Greek	20,075	9,905	10,180	27,840	13,415	14,420
Indo-Iranian languages	52,615	27,185	25,430	194,760	99,110	95,645
Indo-Aryan languages	34,700	18,190	16,515	138,625	70,695	67,930
Bengali	9,620	4,915	4,710	28,460	14,370	14,090
Gujarati	5,120	2,515	2,600	26,400	13,520	12,880
Hindi	2,320	1,265	1,060	15,230	7,960	7,275
Kashmiri	15	15	0	80	40	35
Konkani	85	50	35	745	355	390
Marathi	195	120	80	1,760	930	830
Nepali	160	85	80	2,540	1,295	1,245
Oriya (Odia)	25	20	10	300	165	130
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,930	4,950	3,980	19,965	10,380	9,585
Sindhi	260	125	135	2,440	1,080	1,360
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	445	210	235	3,280	1,600	1,680
Urdu	7,520	3,925	3,595	37,420	19,010	18,415
Iranian languages	17,675	8,860	8,815	55,190	27,895	27,295
Kurdish	580	305	275	1,645	930	715
Pashto	905	480	425	4,355	2,285	2,075
Persian (Farsi)	16,185	8,070	8,110	49,190	24,680	24,505
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	945	520	420
Italic (Romance) languages	189,890	91,115	98,770	207,445	97,980	109,465
Catalan	215	105	110	125	70	55
Italian	74,490	35,605	38,880	62,635	29,050	33,590
Portuguese	18,525	8,890	9,640	59,360	28,540	30,820
Romanian	18,370	8,715	9,650	12,335	5,630	6,705
Spanish	78,220	37,760	40,460	72,850	34,635	38,220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	135	60	75
Japanese	1,705	545	1,165	7,015	2,405	4,610
Kartvelian languages	140	70	75	870	465	405
Georgian	140	65	75	870	465	400
Korean	4,155	1,865	2,290	33,665	15,155	18,510
Mongolic languages	155	65	90	295	130	165
Mongolian	155	65	90	290	130	160
Niger-Congo languages	13,995	7,115	6,880	13,780	6,460	7,325
Akan (Twi)	790	390	400	4,340	1,970	2,370
Bamanankan	695	395	305	45	20	25
Edo	60	35	20	670	260	410
Ewe	330	180	145	175	90	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,185	615	570	165	85	75
Ga	55	25	30	205	85	115
Ganda	10	5	5	375	180	195
Igbo	80	45	35	745	385	355
Lingala	1,520	695	825	285	135	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,185	570	620	265	135	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,025	460	565	290	135	150
Shona	55	30	25	390	190	205
Swahili	895	425	470	2,230	1,045	1,180
Wolof	1,720	935	785	115	65	55
Yoruba	165	95	65	1,580	820	765
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,220	2,195	2,025	1,905	845	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	70	50	235	130	105
Dinka	0	5	0	40	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	195	105	90
Sign languages	415	220	195	565	320	245
American Sign Language	35	20	15	210	120	95
Quebec Sign Language	185	90	95	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	355	200	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,755	24,555	28,200	250,960	114,630	136,325
Chinese languages	52,615	24,480	28,130	245,285	111,855	133,430
Cantonese	15,850	7,470	8,385	114,670	52,085	62,585
Hakka	300	130	165	2,855	1,220	1,640
Mandarin	30,720	14,205	16,515	111,410	51,125	60,285
Min Dong	20	10	10	450	220	230
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,100	1,300	6,120	2,820	3,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	750	325	425	2,665	1,200	1,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,200	1,305	7,015	3,135	3,880
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	100	50	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	140	75	70	5,670	2,775	2,895
Burmese	45	15	30	605	275	335
Karenic languages	0	0	0	260	120	135
Tibetan	35	20	15	4,595	2,270	2,320
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	215	110	105
Tai-Kadai languages	1,845	830	1,020	1,720	690	1,035
Lao	1,495	740	755	705	365	345
Thai	350	90	260	1,005	325	680
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	0	10
Turkic languages	5,555	2,835	2,720	10,675	5,615	5,065
Azerbaijani	205	115	90	910	495	420
Turkish	4,935	2,520	2,410	8,830	4,665	4,165
Uyghur	140	75	75	240	115	120
Uzbek	120	60	60	435	230	215
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	65	85	255	115	140
Uralic languages	4,020	1,775	2,245	15,145	6,660	8,490
Estonian	150	60	90	1,945	770	1,170
Finnish	220	70	150	1,320	495	820
Hungarian	3,650	1,650	2,005	11,890	5,390	6,500
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	180	585	310	275
Multiple responses	91,675	45,610	46,070	106,190	50,685	55,500
English and French	25,185	12,820	12,370	7,550	3,520	4,025
English and non-official language	18,760	9,105	9,655	92,625	44,390	48,230
French and non-official language	37,330	18,385	18,945	3,305	1,515	1,785
English, French and non-official language	10,410	5,305	5,100	2,715	1,260	1,455
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,510
Single responses	1,740,120	848,190	891,920	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670
Official languages	1,390,200	681,120	709,085	1,756,685	858,655	898,030
English	437,070	216,650	220,420	1,739,620	850,745	888,875
French	953,130	464,465	488,665	17,065	7,910	9,155
Non-official languages	349,915	167,075	182,835	701,785	327,145	374,640
Aboriginal languages	230	100	130	110	55	55
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	55	30	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	60	70	15	10	5
Atikamekw	5	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	5	15	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	10	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	40	25	15
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	35	20	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	40	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	5	0	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	349,685	166,975	182,705	701,675	327,090	374,585
Afro-Asiatic languages	58,305	29,780	28,525	36,560	17,185	19,375
Berber languages	5,315	2,790	2,525	45	20	20
Kabyle	3,640	1,920	1,720	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	1,675	875	800	25	10	10
Cushitic languages	335	145	195	7,495	3,140	4,355
Bilen	5	0	5	40	20	20
Oromo	5	0	0	495	230	265
Somali	325	135	185	6,930	2,880	4,050
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	25	10	15
Semitic languages	52,600	26,815	25,780	28,920	13,965	14,950
Amharic	290	130	155	3,425	1,500	1,925
Arabic	50,575	25,800	24,770	16,490	8,210	8,280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	3,615	1,755	1,860
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	475	245	235
Harari	5	0	0	445	200	250
Hebrew	1,500	775	730	1,610	800	810
Maltese	0	0	0	430	200	225
Tigrigna	180	85	95	2,250	985	1,270
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	105	55	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,930	8,340	9,585	17,755	8,020	9,735
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,120	1,425	1,695	730	305	420
Vietnamese	14,805	6,915	7,890	17,020	7,710	9,310
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	8,615	3,420	5,190	48,375	20,215	28,160
Bikol	10	5	5	70	30	40
Cebuano	210	90	115	1,320	560	760
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	115	50	65	615	265	355
Ilocano	695	285	410	2,695	1,150	1,545
Malagasy	135	70	65	5	0	5
Malay	130	70	65	570	275	300
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	30	25	210	95	120
Pangasinan	15	5	5	60	25	35
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,195	2,795	4,400	42,515	17,680	24,840
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	60	20	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	235	105	125
Creole languages	14,360	6,180	8,180	1,530	660	865
Haitian Creole	570	260	305	110	55	60
Creole, n.o.s.	13,580	5,825	7,755	1,015	435	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	210	95	115	405	175	230
Dravidian languages	9,265	4,605	4,665	47,065	22,845	24,225
Kannada	120	70	55	290	155	135
Malayalam	155	75	80	2,455	1,320	1,140
Tamil	8,700	4,290	4,415	42,020	20,080	21,930
Telugu	280	165	115	2,270	1,270	1,000
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	30	15	20
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185,570	88,155	97,420	317,080	150,570	166,505
Albanian	990	485	505	4,115	2,070	2,045
Armenian	5,185	2,375	2,810	5,175	2,430	2,740
Balto-Slavic languages	25,165	11,655	13,510	61,615	28,155	33,455
Baltic languages	135	55	85	1,085	430	650
Latvian	55	30	30	460	180	285
Lithuanian	80	30	55	620	250	370
Slavic languages	25,025	11,605	13,430	60,530	27,725	32,805
Belarusan	15	10	10	75	35	35
Bosnian	165	75	90	500	240	265
Bulgarian	3,115	1,500	1,610	2,450	1,190	1,260
Croatian	520	240	280	2,040	950	1,095
Czech	245	115	135	850	410	440
Macedonian	60	30	30	2,725	1,285	1,440
Polish	3,985	1,770	2,210	10,605	4,725	5,880
Russian	13,830	6,450	7,385	23,075	10,420	12,655
Serbian	870	430	445	8,025	3,865	4,160
Serbo-Croatian	200	90	110	580	275	310
Slovak	135	65	75	1,615	795	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	130	55	80	490	200	295
Ukrainian	1,725	765	955	7,420	3,305	4,120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	65	30	40
Celtic languages	10	10	5	40	25	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	10	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	20	10	5
Germanic languages	6,165	3,130	3,035	2,895	1,320	1,575
Afrikaans	10	5	5	90	45	45
Danish	25	15	10	80	40	45
Dutch	190	90	95	285	135	145
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,075	485	595	1,950	870	1,080
Icelandic	30	15	20	15	5	10
Norwegian	10	10	5	35	15	15
Swedish	75	35	35	130	55	75
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	15	10	10
Yiddish	4,730	2,475	2,250	290	145	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Greek	10,425	4,915	5,515	13,000	6,065	6,935
Indo-Iranian languages	37,260	18,705	18,555	122,135	60,790	61,345
Indo-Aryan languages	24,025	12,260	11,765	84,470	42,410	42,065
Bengali	7,295	3,620	3,670	18,935	9,390	9,540
Gujarati	3,290	1,600	1,685	16,525	8,290	8,235
Hindi	1,160	600	560	7,845	4,060	3,785
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	5	5
Konkani	30	15	15	160	80	85
Marathi	65	35	30	775	405	375
Nepali	105	50	55	1,705	875	835
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	145	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,380	3,460	2,925	12,075	6,205	5,865
Sindhi	95	45	50	1,130	490	635
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	120	125	1,550	765	785
Urdu	5,350	2,715	2,635	23,625	11,770	11,850
Iranian languages	13,120	6,385	6,740	37,275	18,170	19,105
Kurdish	300	150	145	905	490	415
Pashto	675	335	335	2,995	1,530	1,465
Persian (Farsi)	12,150	5,900	6,255	33,375	16,150	17,225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	60	50	385	210	175
Italic (Romance) languages	100,365	46,870	53,495	108,115	49,715	58,400
Catalan	85	40	45	70	35	35
Italian	27,910	12,205	15,705	27,130	11,365	15,770
Portuguese	9,655	4,555	5,100	33,425	16,085	17,340
Romanian	12,610	6,115	6,500	5,915	2,705	3,205
Spanish	50,085	23,950	26,140	41,530	19,505	22,025
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	50	25	25
Japanese	735	310	430	3,300	1,380	1,915
Kartvelian languages	65	35	30	640	345	295
Georgian	60	30	35	640	340	295
Korean	2,950	1,355	1,595	23,625	10,830	12,790
Mongolic languages	125	60	65	175	90	90
Mongolian	120	60	65	175	90	85
Niger-Congo languages	3,535	1,725	1,805	5,675	2,540	3,135
Akan (Twi)	370	180	190	2,325	1,000	1,325
Bamanankan	180	100	80	20	5	5
Edo	10	0	5	215	85	125
Ewe	75	30	45	40	15	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	355	175	180	60	25	35
Ga	10	5	5	80	30	50
Ganda	0	0	0	110	50	65
Igbo	10	0	5	250	130	120
Lingala	375	155	220	75	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	360	170	195	105	55	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	270	115	155	80	35	45
Shona	20	10	10	125	55	70
Swahili	275	145	130	990	440	555
Wolof	535	300	240	55	35	20
Yoruba	40	15	20	560	295	265
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	645	325	320	570	255	320
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	60	35	25
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	50	25	20
Sign languages	585	345	245	885	520	365
American Sign Language	45	20	25	315	175	140
Quebec Sign Language	245	130	125	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	290	195	95	565	345	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	41,620	19,770	21,845	185,430	85,370	100,055
Chinese languages	41,560	19,745	21,820	181,255	83,310	97,940
Cantonese	11,620	5,465	6,160	83,405	37,430	45,975
Hakka	105	50	55	1,250	550	695
Mandarin	26,080	12,475	13,605	87,760	41,290	46,470
Min Dong	0	0	0	155	70	85
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,410	645	770	2,805	1,290	1,515
Wu (Shanghainese)	580	265	315	1,475	680	795
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,730	830	905	4,350	1,980	2,375
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	50	25	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	30	4,175	2,065	2,115
Burmese	20	10	10	365	165	205
Karenic languages	0	0	0	205	105	105
Tibetan	15	5	5	3,520	1,755	1,775
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	80	45	35
Tai-Kadai languages	930	455	475	710	330	385
Lao	810	405	405	315	155	160
Thai	120	50	75	395	170	220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages	3,620	1,800	1,820	6,340	3,205	3,135
Azerbaijani	65	35	35	365	185	180
Turkish	3,315	1,645	1,665	5,490	2,770	2,725
Uyghur	100	55	45	130	70	60
Uzbek	90	45	50	260	140	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	90	45	50
Uralic languages	1,335	565	775	6,255	2,830	3,425
Estonian	25	10	15	535	185	345
Finnish	35	15	20	265	105	155
Hungarian	1,280	535	735	5,460	2,540	2,920
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	95	55	35	210	115	95
Multiple responses	174,640	85,065	89,575	245,945	116,105	129,840
English and French	34,135	17,340	16,800	6,510	3,015	3,500
English and non-official language	38,285	18,350	19,930	233,300	110,350	122,950
French and non-official language	77,415	36,940	40,475	1,355	595	760
English, French and non-official language	24,805	12,435	12,365	4,785	2,145	2,635
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,510
None	1,358,395	658,445	699,950	2,057,585	995,085	1,062,505
English	164,875	83,085	81,790	271,530	130,775	140,750
French	156,830	77,375	79,450	27,445	12,365	15,080
Non-official language	183,265	88,830	94,430	335,090	157,715	177,375
Aboriginal	280	100	180	385	165	220
Non-Aboriginal	182,980	88,730	94,250	334,705	157,555	177,150
English and French	21,910	11,010	10,900	1,840	875	965
English and non-official language	13,995	6,950	7,045	6,420	3,080	3,345
French and non-official language	14,580	7,085	7,495	4,370	1,945	2,420
English, French and non-official language	905	470	435	145	65	75
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,591,005	770,805	820,205	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,425	741,020	786,410	2,187,030	1,041,910	1,145,115
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,198	31,716	27,061	30,089	33,456	27,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,625	741,070	786,560	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,873	28,718	25,306	27,958	30,661	25,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,319,250	651,485	667,770	1,888,445	918,925	969,520
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,843	31,722	24,323	31,733	36,010	28,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,220,350	562,060	658,295	1,598,440	709,590	888,845
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,964	2,979	7,393	2,249	1,115	3,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,076,775	552,940	523,830	1,578,750	791,520	787,230
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	31,811	26,411	33,602	37,149	30,393
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,590,985	770,725	820,255	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,526,955	740,630	786,320	2,187,220	1,041,920	1,145,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,670	50,317	37,410	52,268	62,667	42,807
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,527,150	740,680	786,470	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,155	39,256	31,292	41,462	48,059	35,461
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,318,335	651,120	667,220	1,889,205	918,695	970,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,430	51,690	35,370	54,901	66,647	43,781
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220,065	561,415	658,650	1,598,725	710,015	888,705
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,727	6,430	8,832	6,631	5,725	7,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,076,765	553,085	523,680	1,578,750	791,440	787,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,754	49,167	35,982	54,032	64,206	43,805
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	451,850	249,200	202,655	726,575	392,990	333,590
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,182	50,049	44,352	55,246	58,626	52,090
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,105	69,189	53,395	78,643	89,498	65,856
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	85.8	90.2	80.3	90.6	93.6	86.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	69.1	73.0	64.1	74.4	77.7	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	14.2	9.8	19.7	9.4	6.4	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125
Without total income	63,580	29,780	33,800	107,755	50,750	57,010
With total income	1,527,425	741,020	786,405	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	239,230	118,900	120,330	389,425	182,890	206,540
$10,000 to $19,999	304,770	130,870	173,895	410,355	175,800	234,550
$20,000 to $29,999	235,475	104,545	130,935	291,150	125,720	165,430
$30,000 to $39,999	186,815	89,430	97,390	221,480	100,395	121,080
$40,000 to $49,999	152,610	72,485	80,125	187,235	87,700	99,535
$50,000 to $59,999	107,705	52,510	55,195	145,500	70,185	75,315
$60,000 to $69,999	75,560	38,430	37,130	114,465	57,710	56,755
$70,000 to $79,999	57,765	30,275	27,490	89,645	46,940	42,705
$80,000 to $89,999	40,455	22,220	18,230	69,990	37,360	32,630
$90,000 to $99,999	27,515	16,235	11,280	58,210	30,000	28,210
$100,000 and over	99,530	65,125	34,410	209,580	127,210	82,365
$100,000 to $149,999	59,525	37,210	22,315	119,810	68,240	51,570
$150,000 and over	40,005	27,915	12,090	89,765	58,970	30,790
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,591,010	770,800	820,205	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,125
Without after-tax income	63,375	29,730	33,650	107,450	50,660	56,790
With after-tax income	1,527,630	741,070	786,560	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	244,915	120,610	124,305	395,775	185,315	210,465
$10,000 to $19,999	317,790	137,530	180,260	425,585	183,045	242,535
$20,000 to $29,999	280,350	127,895	152,455	330,405	144,295	186,110
$30,000 to $39,999	233,885	112,565	121,315	261,430	120,820	140,610
$40,000 to $49,999	161,415	77,850	83,565	213,815	101,645	112,175
$50,000 to $59,999	100,755	51,380	49,375	154,925	77,550	77,370
$60,000 to $69,999	64,225	34,415	29,810	112,490	59,260	53,240
$70,000 to $79,999	37,685	21,995	15,695	84,295	44,485	39,810
$80,000 and over	86,605	56,830	29,775	208,610	125,585	83,030
$80,000 to $89,999	23,470	14,370	9,100	57,270	30,705	26,570
$90,000 to $99,999	15,190	9,590	5,605	34,665	20,030	14,625
$100,000 and over	47,945	32,870	15,070	116,675	74,845	41,830
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without employment income	514,235	217,860	296,375	716,035	301,145	414,890
With employment income	1,076,770	552,940	523,830	1,578,750	791,520	787,230
Percentage with employment income	67.7	71.7	63.9	68.8	72.4	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	149,120	72,790	76,330	201,230	94,895	106,335
$5,000 to $9,999	93,250	43,420	49,830	132,320	61,255	71,065
$10,000 to $19,999	167,710	80,255	87,455	219,860	103,505	116,360
$20,000 to $29,999	139,770	68,060	71,710	176,835	81,220	95,615
$30,000 to $39,999	124,895	62,855	62,045	157,110	75,225	81,885
$40,000 to $49,999	100,740	50,140	50,605	141,850	68,405	73,445
$50,000 to $59,999	74,565	38,930	35,640	113,280	57,240	56,040
$60,000 to $69,999	55,000	29,590	25,405	90,310	47,125	43,185
$70,000 to $79,999	45,820	24,710	21,105	72,185	39,215	32,975
$80,000 and over	125,895	82,190	43,705	273,755	163,430	110,330
$80,000 to $89,999	30,005	17,920	12,080	57,580	31,675	25,910
$90,000 to $99,999	20,740	13,030	7,710	50,845	26,265	24,580
$100,000 and over	75,150	51,240	23,915	165,330	105,490	59,845
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	870,370	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,519	...	...	65,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,559	...	...	58,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	342,510	...	...	359,960	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,642	...	...	38,018	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,860	...	...	34,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	527,865	...	...	752,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	82,908	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,917	...	...	73,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	870,370	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,614	...	...	102,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,682	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	342,495	...	...	359,990	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	55,409	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,940	...	...	44,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	527,885	...	...	752,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	125,340	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,682	...	...	99,289	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	24,465	...	...	33,195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	21,890	...	...	23,455	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,235	...	...	36,545	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	53,475	...	...	54,020	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50,070	...	...	47,315	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,750	...	...	47,500	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45,720	...	...	46,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,060	...	...	47,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,110	...	...	46,285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,660	...	...	44,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	77,510	...	...	84,180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	63,470	...	...	76,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,580	...	...	68,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	43,035	...	...	60,400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,265	...	...	53,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	184,085	...	...	343,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,300	...	...	100,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	39,105	...	...	68,300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40,015	...	...	77,810	...	...
$200,000 and over	42,665	...	...	96,600	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	870,370	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	25,565	...	...	34,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	22,120	...	...	23,620	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,565	...	...	37,080	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	56,115	...	...	55,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	56,305	...	...	51,915	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,835	...	...	52,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	57,450	...	...	53,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	57,290	...	...	55,540	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	53,145	...	...	55,770	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,970	...	...	53,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85,660	...	...	98,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	67,270	...	...	86,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,000	...	...	75,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	41,020	...	...	63,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,890	...	...	51,565	...	...
$100,000 and over	123,165	...	...	263,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	52,170	...	...	94,025	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	27,430	...	...	58,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	43,565	...	...	111,180	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	489,520	...	...	705,595	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,845	...	...	82,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,039	...	...	73,530	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	169,175	...	...	221,150	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,408	...	...	83,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,304	...	...	72,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	208,095	...	...	316,455	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,649	...	...	102,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,750	...	...	89,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95,475	...	...	138,800	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,168	...	...	51,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,426	...	...	47,839	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	489,420	...	...	705,445	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,221	...	...	127,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	100,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	168,840	...	...	221,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,556	...	...	127,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,271	...	...	98,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	208,250	...	...	317,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,472	...	...	155,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,758	...	...	120,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95,425	...	...	137,690	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,918	...	...	70,494	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,129	...	...	59,981	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	443,405	218,395	225,010	518,290	246,070	272,220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,024	26,960	27,071	31,059	31,130	31,006
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	25,186	24,951	25,373	28,647	28,567	28,713
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	442,760	217,830	224,930	517,005	245,105	271,895
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,613	38,298	36,950	47,407	49,458	45,557
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,122	31,265	30,983	38,513	39,445	37,673
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,894,995	925,870	969,130	2,691,665	1,296,240	1,395,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,202,765	579,085	623,680	1,455,315	686,810	768,505
In the bottom decile	287,610	143,600	144,005	404,560	195,060	209,500
In the second decile	252,935	116,590	136,340	320,165	146,185	173,985
In the third decile	255,250	122,140	133,110	268,500	125,455	143,040
In the fourth decile	221,160	106,575	114,585	238,680	113,000	125,680
In the fifth decile	185,815	90,175	95,640	223,410	107,115	116,295
In the top half of the distribution	692,230	346,780	345,450	1,236,350	609,420	626,925
In the sixth decile	160,105	78,680	81,425	216,450	103,995	112,455
In the seventh decile	143,930	71,540	72,390	213,325	103,540	109,785
In the eighth decile	132,120	66,215	65,905	219,865	107,815	112,050
In the ninth decile	119,890	60,885	59,005	241,850	119,420	122,425
In the top decile	136,185	69,465	66,725	344,855	174,650	170,205
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,894,995	925,865	969,135	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
0 to 17 years	358,105	182,640	175,460	478,360	245,340	233,020
0 to 5 years	130,840	66,865	63,970	162,510	83,480	79,030
18 to 64 years	1,247,980	617,995	629,985	1,811,260	874,405	936,860
65 years and over	288,910	125,230	163,680	402,045	176,495	225,550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	403,880	193,540	210,345	543,390	254,890	288,500
0 to 17 years	81,100	41,415	39,685	125,680	64,485	61,190
0 to 5 years	29,655	15,075	14,580	42,685	21,880	20,805
18 to 64 years	262,435	129,925	132,505	347,775	163,045	184,730
65 years and over	60,350	22,195	38,150	69,935	27,355	42,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	20.9	21.7	20.2	19.7	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	22.6	22.7	22.6	26.3	26.3	26.3
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	22.5	22.8	26.3	26.2	26.3
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.0	21.0	19.2	18.6	19.7
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.3	17.4	15.5	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	339,685	166,970	172,710	469,330	224,145	245,185
0 to 17 years	61,200	31,295	29,910	98,905	50,725	48,185
0 to 5 years	22,345	11,355	10,985	33,955	17,345	16,605
18 to 64 years	236,690	120,520	116,175	322,620	155,490	167,130
65 years and over	41,790	15,160	26,630	47,800	17,935	29,865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.9	18.0	17.8	17.4	17.3	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	17.1	17.0	20.7	20.7	20.7
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	20.9	20.8	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	17.8	17.8	17.8
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.1	16.3	11.9	10.2	13.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,894,995	925,815	969,180	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390
Official languages	1,850,005	908,350	941,655	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,565
English	1,342,265	680,010	662,255	2,557,220	1,242,185	1,315,030
French	1,631,820	799,640	832,180	246,605	107,660	138,950
Non-official languages	900,345	433,465	466,885	1,464,760	689,505	775,255
Aboriginal languages	755	340	415	795	325	470
Algonquian languages	330	185	145	655	285	375
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	265	130	130	135	65	70
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	40	25	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	25	20	10
Southern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	25	10	15
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	75	70	35	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	25	0	15	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	10	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	510	215	290
Algonquin	20	10	10	10	0	10
Ojibway	10	0	0	485	205	275
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	370	120	250	25	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	335	110	220	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	45	35	10	50	10	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	35	0	40	0	30
Oneida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	899,645	433,150	466,495	1,464,020	689,205	774,820
Afro-Asiatic languages	188,110	98,615	89,495	100,730	49,940	50,795
Berber languages	18,525	9,830	8,695	140	80	60
Kabyle	11,195	5,980	5,210	35	15	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,440	3,905	3,535	105	65	40
Cushitic languages	1,045	510	540	17,250	7,505	9,745
Bilen	35	20	15	70	45	25
Oromo	25	20	10	1,175	495	685
Somali	975	460	515	16,020	6,955	9,065
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	65	25	40
Semitic languages	178,735	93,595	85,140	84,515	42,935	41,575
Amharic	820	405	415	9,555	4,440	5,120
Arabic	162,300	85,065	77,240	47,890	25,000	22,885
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	40	5,930	2,865	3,065
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	680	335	345
Harari	10	10	0	945	480	470
Hebrew	16,165	8,435	7,730	18,865	9,555	9,310
Maltese	10	10	0	1,865	910	950
Tigrigna	255	125	130	5,145	2,425	2,720
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	465	260	210
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	435	220	215	370	185	190
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,725	14,715	16,010	33,965	15,605	18,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	6,335	3,050	3,285	2,020	850	1,175
Vietnamese	24,615	11,780	12,835	32,170	14,870	17,295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	25,320	9,560	15,760	128,080	50,505	77,570
Bikol	105	45	55	390	180	210
Cebuano	715	260	455	4,690	1,865	2,825
Fijian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	445	160	290	1,810	735	1,075
Ilocano	2,270	825	1,440	9,550	3,780	5,770
Malagasy	835	405	435	55	20	35
Malay	715	290	425	3,435	1,585	1,850
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	165	80	85	920	420	500
Pangasinan	50	15	30	320	130	190
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,770	8,440	14,335	121,155	47,540	73,620
Waray-Waray	40	10	30	220	65	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	150	175	895	360	535
Creole languages	70,350	31,455	38,895	8,845	3,795	5,050
Haitian Creole	2,895	1,370	1,525	455	195	260
Creole, n.o.s.	66,340	29,580	36,765	4,830	2,010	2,825
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,485	705	780	3,675	1,620	2,050
Dravidian languages	14,890	7,650	7,240	87,335	43,525	43,810
Kannada	365	180	180	1,610	835	775
Malayalam	395	225	170	6,705	3,550	3,155
Tamil	13,650	6,960	6,695	74,745	36,610	38,135
Telugu	835	485	345	6,135	3,560	2,570
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	160	75	80
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	15	15	10	10
Indo-European languages	490,850	234,270	256,580	764,770	369,535	395,235
Albanian	2,065	1,045	1,025	9,905	4,880	5,025
Armenian	9,210	4,370	4,840	9,630	4,560	5,070
Balto-Slavic languages	53,575	24,605	28,970	138,380	62,970	75,405
Baltic languages	715	330	385	3,910	1,540	2,370
Latvian	240	110	135	1,765	740	1,025
Lithuanian	475	225	255	2,145	800	1,345
Slavic languages	52,990	24,340	28,645	135,360	61,785	73,575
Belarusan	190	80	110	465	240	225
Bosnian	330	150	180	1,960	925	1,030
Bulgarian	4,430	2,115	2,310	4,860	2,335	2,520
Croatian	1,795	855	940	8,555	4,140	4,415
Czech	1,275	575	700	3,745	1,795	1,950
Macedonian	140	55	80	8,245	3,850	4,390
Polish	11,085	4,910	6,170	30,970	13,520	17,455
Russian	30,185	14,095	16,090	51,040	23,150	27,890
Serbian	1,935	890	1,050	17,025	8,365	8,660
Serbo-Croatian	635	275	360	1,800	850	950
Slovak	850	395	450	3,460	1,600	1,855
Slovene (Slovenian)	570	270	305	2,010	890	1,120
Ukrainian	6,175	2,680	3,495	21,015	9,145	11,870
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	335	205	130
Celtic languages	280	175	105	1,355	720	640
Scottish Gaelic	85	55	30	395	215	180
Welsh	45	20	20	140	65	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55	815	440	380
Germanic languages	34,400	16,995	17,405	43,080	20,695	22,385
Afrikaans	230	165	70	1,670	850	820
Danish	450	210	240	1,090	485	605
Dutch	2,350	1,225	1,120	4,755	2,330	2,425
Frisian	0	10	0	70	35	40
German	21,045	10,415	10,630	29,980	14,340	15,640
Icelandic	95	65	30	100	50	50
Norwegian	300	135	165	480	240	240
Swedish	920	410	510	1,630	765	865
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	70	185	155	70	90
Yiddish	9,880	4,910	4,965	4,685	2,305	2,380
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	60	25	35
Greek	26,310	12,845	13,465	40,170	19,695	20,480
Indo-Iranian languages	64,655	33,330	31,320	254,825	130,405	124,415
Indo-Aryan languages	43,825	22,985	20,840	193,285	99,090	94,195
Bengali	11,090	5,680	5,410	35,635	18,260	17,380
Gujarati	6,565	3,235	3,330	36,180	18,650	17,530
Hindi	11,865	6,415	5,450	65,355	34,355	31,005
Kashmiri	35	30	10	85	45	40
Konkani	115	55	60	1,505	695	810
Marathi	375	195	180	3,230	1,625	1,600
Nepali	135	75	60	3,925	1,945	1,975
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	450	220	230
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,800	7,135	5,665	33,780	17,715	16,060
Sindhi	350	160	195	4,190	1,955	2,235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	925	440	485	6,860	3,390	3,470
Urdu	11,255	5,930	5,315	57,670	29,285	28,390
Iranian languages	21,235	10,575	10,660	63,765	32,350	31,415
Kurdish	675	340	335	2,080	1,205	870
Pashto	1,140	615	525	6,575	3,595	2,975
Persian (Farsi)	19,650	9,770	9,880	57,760	29,105	28,650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	450	260	190	1,520	850	670
Italic (Romance) languages	320,755	150,495	170,260	290,570	136,500	154,065
Catalan	550	330	220	240	125	115
Italian	114,505	54,380	60,120	91,595	42,760	48,835
Portuguese	27,360	13,775	13,585	75,785	36,510	39,275
Romanian	22,115	10,440	11,675	14,620	6,575	8,045
Spanish	176,745	81,465	95,285	122,195	57,080	65,110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	230	145	85	440	220	215
Japanese	4,275	1,930	2,345	12,070	5,105	6,965
Kartvelian languages	190	90	100	1,130	570	550
Georgian	195	90	95	1,130	570	555
Korean	4,930	2,315	2,620	37,610	17,460	20,150
Mongolic languages	205	110	95	350	150	190
Mongolian	205	105	100	350	155	195
Niger-Congo languages	26,800	13,565	13,240	26,430	12,495	13,935
Akan (Twi)	1,350	710	640	7,005	3,220	3,785
Bamanankan	1,305	685	620	110	70	35
Edo	145	60	80	1,205	500	710
Ewe	730	490	240	265	155	110
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,090	1,115	980	295	150	150
Ga	170	100	75	475	195	280
Ganda	30	10	25	580	280	305
Igbo	180	115	60	1,480	765	715
Lingala	5,470	2,455	3,015	1,265	540	730
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,510	715	790	395	210	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,420	680	745	460	215	250
Shona	105	55	50	755	345	410
Swahili	2,985	1,500	1,490	6,210	2,995	3,210
Wolof	3,295	1,800	1,495	285	135	150
Yoruba	590	330	260	3,600	1,865	1,730
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,970	4,620	4,345	3,975	1,745	2,230
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	125	75	310	170	140
Dinka	0	0	0	55	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	130	75	255	135	120
Sign languages	2,135	890	1,245	3,090	1,375	1,710
American Sign Language	300	125	180	1,950	765	1,185
Quebec Sign Language	1,160	435	730	10	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	760	370	390	1,195	645	545
Sino-Tibetan languages	61,480	28,975	32,505	279,905	129,990	149,910
Chinese languages	61,355	28,905	32,450	273,760	126,965	146,795
Cantonese	20,895	9,735	11,155	141,265	64,620	76,645
Hakka	385	170	210	3,030	1,260	1,775
Mandarin	40,720	18,965	21,755	150,735	69,895	80,835
Min Dong	15	10	10	460	205	255
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,990	1,310	1,675	7,240	3,190	4,045
Wu (Shanghainese)	925	420	505	3,225	1,490	1,735
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,410	1,665	1,745	7,055	3,155	3,900
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	75	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	95	65	6,400	3,165	3,230
Burmese	70	40	30	885	400	490
Karenic languages	0	0	0	245	115	135
Tibetan	30	25	0	5,045	2,520	2,525
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	295	175	120
Tai-Kadai languages	2,785	1,315	1,475	2,205	875	1,330
Lao	2,100	1,035	1,060	845	380	465
Thai	970	400	570	1,455	540	915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	20	10	10
Turkic languages	8,200	4,105	4,100	15,395	8,125	7,275
Azerbaijani	400	220	175	1,465	760	705
Turkish	7,400	3,705	3,695	12,995	6,910	6,095
Uyghur	175	85	90	325	150	175
Uzbek	185	80	110	630	345	285
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	85	85	380	160	220
Uralic languages	4,905	2,205	2,705	17,065	7,680	9,385
Estonian	105	45	60	1,985	855	1,130
Finnish	270	100	170	1,435	585	850
Hungarian	4,525	2,060	2,470	13,700	6,260	7,440
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,070	590	485	1,310	680	630
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,648,430	803,195	845,235	2,296,370	1,108,005	1,188,370
Canadian citizens aged under 18	322,920	164,560	158,370	431,660	221,475	210,175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325,505	638,635	686,870	1,864,715	886,525	978,190
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	246,565	122,620	123,945	395,295	188,270	207,030
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,187,260	582,140	605,120	1,332,085	665,435	666,655
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	644,680	310,250	334,430	1,266,000	583,970	682,030
Before 1981	141,755	66,725	75,035	294,065	133,315	160,755
1981 to 1990	74,335	36,560	37,775	171,565	81,200	90,360
1991 to 2000	108,760	51,330	57,430	281,870	127,730	154,140
2001 to 2010	181,195	87,585	93,610	330,555	152,945	177,605
2001 to 2005	74,840	36,150	38,695	162,775	75,695	87,075
2006 to 2010	106,360	51,435	54,920	167,780	77,250	90,530
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	138,635	68,055	70,585	187,950	88,780	99,170
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	63,060	33,425	29,630	93,575	46,865	46,710
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	644,685	310,250	334,430	1,266,000	583,970	682,030
Under 5 years	58,110	28,910	29,200	96,800	47,595	49,205
5 to 14 years	97,545	48,375	49,175	205,915	102,695	103,215
15 to 24 years	128,855	58,300	70,560	270,475	120,040	150,430
25 to 44 years	314,350	153,930	160,420	558,625	254,865	303,760
45 years and over	45,815	20,740	25,075	134,195	58,775	75,420
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	644,685	310,250	334,435	1,266,000	583,970	682,030
Americas	140,935	64,340	76,600	212,010	92,485	119,525
Brazil	3,960	1,865	2,090	7,025	3,365	3,660
Colombia	9,135	4,295	4,835	8,710	3,995	4,720
El Salvador	6,965	3,470	3,500	6,960	3,495	3,460
Guyana	1,825	765	1,060	34,490	14,705	19,790
Haiti	50,160	21,900	28,255	1,850	835	1,020
Jamaica	3,555	1,525	2,035	45,075	18,280	26,795
Mexico	9,155	4,205	4,955	7,225	3,335	3,890
Peru	7,400	3,280	4,115	3,870	1,725	2,145
Trinidad and Tobago	2,895	1,305	1,595	19,640	8,305	11,330
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,335	6,325	6,005	24,530	11,485	13,050
Other places of birth in Americas	33,555	15,400	18,160	52,635	22,970	29,665
Europe	172,245	82,670	89,580	298,265	139,045	159,225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	735	370	365	5,130	2,445	2,690
Croatia	1,075	540	540	4,675	2,200	2,480
France	38,165	20,010	18,155	4,585	2,175	2,410
Germany	4,240	1,780	2,455	11,090	5,215	5,870
Greece	10,320	4,995	5,320	19,235	9,185	10,050
Hungary	2,270	1,025	1,240	7,855	3,580	4,285
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	490	270	220	4,625	2,400	2,225
Italy	39,105	18,405	20,700	45,515	21,355	24,170
Netherlands	915	490	420	2,685	1,355	1,335
Poland	6,930	2,955	3,975	21,365	9,270	12,095
Portugal	9,480	4,385	5,100	38,575	18,490	20,085
Romania	14,250	6,555	7,695	12,875	5,695	7,185
Russian Federation	7,480	3,245	4,235	16,225	6,755	9,470
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	465	575	8,525	4,095	4,430
Ukraine	5,750	2,490	3,260	15,780	7,075	8,710
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,105	3,680	3,420	40,295	19,430	20,870
Other places of birth in Europe	22,890	10,990	11,900	39,225	18,350	20,875
Africa	143,550	74,055	69,495	77,445	36,520	40,925
Algeria	40,140	20,915	19,220	770	435	335
Egypt	12,710	6,535	6,170	6,625	3,490	3,130
Ethiopia	735	370	370	9,075	4,095	4,985
Kenya	425	205	220	4,880	2,195	2,685
Morocco	37,365	19,155	18,205	1,850	890	965
Nigeria	910	495	415	7,605	3,780	3,830
Somalia	440	205	230	9,025	3,605	5,415
South Africa, Republic of	505	275	230	5,560	2,715	2,845
Other places of birth in Africa	50,335	25,885	24,450	32,060	15,315	16,735
Asia	187,130	88,725	98,400	674,490	314,010	360,485
Afghanistan	1,490	735	755	12,740	6,455	6,285
Bangladesh	6,865	3,440	3,425	25,095	12,730	12,365
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	30,715	13,440	17,275	131,480	59,275	72,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,800	1,335	1,460	38,825	17,860	20,965
India	13,340	6,920	6,425	79,225	40,115	39,115
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,160	6,970	7,190	36,445	18,295	18,145
Iraq	1,980	1,035	945	11,135	5,485	5,645
Japan	1,150	300	855	3,985	1,260	2,725
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,800	1,265	1,535	26,830	12,330	14,500
Lebanon	20,015	10,680	9,335	6,010	3,350	2,660
Pakistan	6,725	3,550	3,180	34,750	17,540	17,215
Philippines	20,535	7,730	12,805	118,775	47,825	70,955
Sri Lanka	8,315	4,135	4,180	52,900	25,740	27,160
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,080	5,050	5,025	5,580	2,790	2,785
Taiwan	1,660	675	985	7,695	3,320	4,375
Viet Nam	17,845	8,295	9,550	30,575	13,725	16,855
Other places of birth in Asia	26,650	13,175	13,470	52,450	25,925	26,525
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	825	460	360	3,780	1,910	1,870
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	138,635	68,050	70,585	187,950	88,780	99,170
Americas	29,030	13,815	15,215	23,850	11,215	12,635
Brazil	1,730	870	860	1,910	935	980
Colombia	3,180	1,535	1,645	1,430	665	760
Cuba	1,265	650	615	775	345	425
Haiti	11,775	5,370	6,405	675	320	360
Jamaica	125	90	35	3,530	1,845	1,685
Mexico	2,595	1,215	1,380	2,065	995	1,070
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,510	1,415	1,095	4,015	2,090	1,930
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,125	540	585	1,060	480	575
Other places of birth in Americas	4,720	2,130	2,595	8,390	3,545	4,845
Europe	24,950	12,790	12,155	20,265	10,240	10,025
France	12,465	6,725	5,735	1,145	560	585
Germany	325	155	175	625	340	285
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	80	60	20	1,215	775	440
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	2,905	1,325	1,575	400	180	220
Romania	1,695	735	960	860	355	505
Russian Federation	1,445	680	765	2,290	830	1,460
Ukraine	1,640	750	895	1,930	905	1,025
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	520	345	180	2,120	1,375	740
Other places of birth in Europe	3,880	2,015	1,870	9,680	4,920	4,765
Africa	47,375	23,710	23,665	13,300	6,380	6,915
Algeria	13,150	6,440	6,710	130	50	75
Cameroon	4,260	2,085	2,170	555	235	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,655	785	875	330	135	195
Côte d'Ivoire	2,795	1,385	1,415	170	70	100
Egypt	3,215	1,720	1,490	1,350	690	655
Eritrea	45	30	15	970	485	485
Ethiopia	110	60	50	1,560	710	850
Morocco	9,615	4,790	4,820	215	100	115
Nigeria	400	210	180	2,550	1,240	1,315
Somalia	75	40	40	1,010	480	530
South Africa, Republic of	105	50	45	395	230	165
Tunisia	3,730	1,885	1,850	80	55	25
Other places of birth in Africa	8,225	4,225	4,000	3,985	1,895	2,090
Asia	37,060	17,590	19,470	129,695	60,420	69,275
Afghanistan	255	110	145	3,170	1,630	1,535
Bangladesh	790	415	375	5,790	2,875	2,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	7,780	3,565	4,215	23,195	10,230	12,965
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	25	55	635	270	365
India	2,395	1,295	1,100	20,100	10,560	9,545
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,745	3,180	3,560	10,930	5,325	5,610
Iraq	380	180	205	3,715	1,795	1,920
Israel	490	275	210	590	300	285
Japan	245	25	215	740	195	540
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	665	260	400	2,925	1,320	1,610
Lebanon	2,285	1,270	1,015	615	355	265
Nepal	40	25	20	1,575	830	745
Pakistan	1,095	590	505	6,725	3,290	3,435
Philippines	4,825	2,080	2,745	31,730	13,360	18,365
Saudi Arabia	345	170	175	865	440	425
Sri Lanka	685	300	390	4,350	1,830	2,525
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,980	2,030	1,950	3,260	1,730	1,525
Taiwan	105	50	50	325	105	220
Turkey	395	205	190	1,675	915	755
United Arab Emirates	205	90	110	935	480	455
Viet Nam	1,020	400	620	1,380	500	875
Other places of birth in Asia	2,260	1,050	1,210	4,460	2,085	2,375
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	225	145	80	850	530	315
Australia	115	80	40	660	425	235
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	105	65	40	185	105	80
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,894,995	925,810	969,180	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
First generationCensus data footnote 69	719,985	350,065	369,915	1,377,465	640,060	737,405
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	404,595	203,185	201,415	740,175	371,445	368,735
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	770,420	372,570	397,850	574,020	284,775	289,250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	511,335	247,530	263,805	988,320	458,395	529,930
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	285,275	147,400	137,875	475,155	227,400	247,760
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	141,270	84,080	57,190	201,860	111,560	90,305
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	144,010	63,325	80,685	273,295	115,835	157,455
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	139,475	55,585	83,890	320,945	131,350	189,590
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	78,760	40,880	37,885	176,125	92,535	83,590
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	7,825	3,670	4,160	16,100	7,110	8,990
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	13,100	6,090	7,010	23,065	10,830	12,230
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	12,325	5,735	6,595	21,925	10,215	11,710
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,905	2,785	3,125	14,380	6,700	7,680
Métis	5,745	2,725	3,025	7,265	3,385	3,880
Inuk (Inuit)	670	225	445	275	130	145
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	300	145	155	500	265	235
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	470	210	260	645	360	285
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,881,900	919,725	962,175	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,160
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,380	1,665	1,715	7,960	3,655	4,305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,891,620	924,150	967,470	2,683,700	1,292,615	1,391,085
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,345	2,820	3,525	4,215	1,895	2,320
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,060	2,685	3,380	4,125	1,860	2,270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,825	2,160	2,675	3,330	1,450	1,880
Métis single ancestry	905	430	475	705	370	335
Inuit single ancestry	330	95	235	90	35	60
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	285	135	150	85	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	85	95	65	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	95	45	50	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	39,260	17,620	21,645	31,415	14,655	16,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	38,625	17,315	21,310	30,560	14,295	16,265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,525	15,010	18,515	23,360	11,005	12,360
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,530	2,080	2,445	6,885	3,140	3,745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	225	345	320	155	160
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	635	300	335	850	355	500
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	240	250	765	310	465
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	60	60	35	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,849,395	905,380	944,015	2,656,035	1,279,725	1,376,315
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,895	305,345	318,545	1,385,850	656,795	729,055
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	65,665	34,270	31,390	338,965	171,480	167,480
Chinese	63,465	29,420	34,040	299,465	140,730	158,735
Black	180,580	86,145	94,430	239,850	109,870	129,980
Filipino	28,680	11,625	17,060	152,720	64,130	88,585
Latin American	71,375	34,600	36,775	77,160	37,295	39,865
Arab	129,940	68,880	61,060	36,025	18,925	17,110
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	37,325	17,830	19,495	41,645	19,380	22,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	18,930	9,395	9,540	60,320	30,515	29,805
Korean	5,620	2,650	2,965	41,640	19,665	21,975
Japanese	3,060	1,175	1,885	13,415	5,510	7,905
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,545	2,630	2,915	36,980	16,945	20,035
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	13,720	6,720	6,995	47,670	22,360	25,310
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,271,105	620,470	650,635	1,305,815	639,475	666,340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395
North American Aboriginal origins	45,600	20,430	25,170	35,630	16,550	19,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,225	17,585	21,645	27,610	12,840	14,770
Inuit	1,145	430	715	520	245	270
Métis	6,150	2,850	3,295	8,460	3,870	4,590
Other North American origins	591,040	283,995	307,045	345,710	170,645	175,065
Acadian	6,570	3,030	3,540	2,320	1,190	1,125
American	16,130	7,775	8,355	27,470	13,460	14,015
Canadian	542,980	259,895	283,085	323,180	159,435	163,740
New Brunswicker	175	75	95	45	30	20
Newfoundlander	235	115	120	1,425	695	730
Nova Scotian	195	90	100	330	150	180
Ontarian	270	130	140	375	225	150
Québécois	37,925	19,190	18,740	880	440	440
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	40	150	75	75
European origins	876,355	429,400	446,955	1,288,855	624,910	663,940
British Isles origins	213,610	102,280	111,330	597,295	292,595	304,700
Channel Islander	220	95	125	175	95	80
Cornish	35	15	20	155	75	75
English	80,065	39,050	41,020	331,890	162,525	169,365
Irish	117,040	54,530	62,510	262,965	125,330	137,640
Manx	110	65	45	435	255	175
Scottish	71,115	33,825	37,290	256,255	124,595	131,660
Welsh	5,465	2,595	2,875	28,210	13,430	14,780
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,790	7,470	8,320	52,905	25,635	27,270
French origins	372,960	185,485	187,475	122,870	58,260	64,610
Alsatian	295	140	155	260	100	165
Breton	1,990	1,015	980	40	35	10
Corsican	650	380	270	35	15	25
French	371,250	184,600	186,645	122,610	58,150	64,460
Western European origins (except French origins)	82,830	39,975	42,860	187,190	90,670	96,520
Austrian	6,820	3,305	3,515	16,145	7,660	8,490
Bavarian	30	20	20	85	35	45
Belgian	14,125	6,890	7,235	4,890	2,220	2,675
Dutch	10,050	4,920	5,135	41,650	19,885	21,770
Flemish	445	230	210	465	225	240
Frisian	0	10	0	235	135	100
German	49,385	23,475	25,910	130,895	63,810	67,085
Luxembourger	355	175	185	130	60	65
Swiss	7,685	3,950	3,740	7,630	3,770	3,855
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	85	50	35	335	140	195
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,760	5,215	5,545	36,720	17,695	19,025
Danish	2,460	1,090	1,370	7,575	3,715	3,860
Finnish	1,520	685	830	8,160	3,795	4,365
Icelandic	515	270	250	2,310	1,115	1,190
Norwegian	2,860	1,475	1,390	9,180	4,565	4,610
Swedish	3,410	1,605	1,805	10,400	4,775	5,625
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	800	395	405	1,950	890	1,060
Eastern European origins	145,755	70,100	75,655	302,480	141,850	160,630
Bulgarian	5,500	2,610	2,890	6,495	3,090	3,405
Byelorussian	1,575	770	805	4,080	2,040	2,045
Czech	3,735	1,815	1,920	9,505	4,560	4,950
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,105	575	535	2,315	1,040	1,275
Estonian	630	330	300	4,615	2,165	2,455
Hungarian	16,875	8,270	8,605	33,700	16,350	17,350
Latvian	1,230	585	645	5,710	2,640	3,070
Lithuanian	4,225	2,105	2,115	11,675	5,400	6,270
Moldovan	5,110	2,490	2,620	1,270	620	650
Polish	46,865	22,825	24,035	114,530	53,655	60,880
Romanian	29,635	14,290	15,345	26,250	12,230	14,025
Russian	38,265	18,115	20,155	74,465	34,140	40,330
Slovak	2,405	1,190	1,210	7,615	3,680	3,940
Ukrainian	23,600	11,240	12,355	72,340	34,015	38,330
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,545	1,315	1,230	5,210	2,415	2,795
Southern European origins	273,825	134,115	139,710	441,480	215,805	225,675
Albanian	2,295	1,180	1,120	11,120	5,570	5,555
Bosnian	580	280	295	2,960	1,425	1,540
Catalan	470	245	225	120	80	35
Croatian	3,175	1,600	1,570	13,670	6,690	6,985
Cypriot	255	140	115	1,470	740	725
Greek	35,805	17,910	17,895	57,420	28,600	28,820
Italian	168,110	82,250	85,860	182,500	89,805	92,690
Kosovar	260	140	120	270	145	125
Macedonian	415	220	195	13,320	6,590	6,735
Maltese	605	335	270	6,770	3,365	3,400
Montenegrin	245	140	100	930	410	530
Portuguese	29,890	14,800	15,085	100,420	48,720	51,695
Serbian	2,760	1,265	1,495	19,375	9,710	9,665
Sicilian	550	290	265	675	330	345
Slovenian	1,360	645	710	5,475	2,680	2,795
Spanish	43,300	20,870	22,435	56,815	26,600	30,215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,270	570	700	3,310	1,580	1,730
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	130	85	45	260	120	145
Other European origins	24,805	12,690	12,110	42,130	20,955	21,175
Basque	1,270	705	565	510	225	275
Jewish	19,845	10,105	9,735	34,270	17,140	17,125
Roma (Gypsy)	250	155	90	905	425	480
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	95	100	495	260	235
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,450	1,760	1,685	6,320	3,080	3,245
Caribbean origins	119,515	54,900	64,620	165,735	73,675	92,065
Antiguan	235	125	115	1,315	540	780
Bahamian	225	120	105	620	335	285
Barbadian	3,765	1,660	2,100	9,010	4,035	4,980
Bermudan	60	20	40	645	300	350
Carib	300	115	180	995	335	660
Cuban	4,820	2,310	2,505	5,340	2,445	2,895
Dominican	6,945	3,160	3,785	3,580	1,725	1,855
Grenadian	1,495	590	900	7,370	3,005	4,365
Guadeloupean	495	225	270	0	0	0
Haitian	82,000	37,695	44,305	3,435	1,580	1,855
Jamaican	9,595	4,440	5,155	90,065	40,375	49,690
Kittitian/Nevisian	275	130	140	905	435	475
Martinican	1,025	495	525	80	30	45
Montserratan	140	70	65	240	105	140
Puerto Rican	285	145	145	445	240	210
St. Lucian	530	260	265	3,530	1,465	2,060
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,325	1,940	2,385	20,215	9,035	11,180
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,285	1,345	1,940	6,170	2,525	3,640
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	3,795	1,665	2,125	20,315	8,760	11,560
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,945	1,350	1,600	7,870	3,395	4,480
Latin, Central and South American origins	85,035	41,350	43,685	113,820	53,520	60,305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,405	1,635	1,770	4,495	2,035	2,460
Arawak	120	30	95	475	225	250
Argentinian	2,740	1,390	1,350	4,250	2,100	2,150
Belizean	25	10	10	185	70	115
Bolivian	930	440	485	785	370	405
Brazilian	4,350	2,105	2,245	8,365	4,160	4,200
Chilean	6,855	3,460	3,395	5,900	2,885	3,015
Colombian	12,530	5,945	6,580	12,235	5,830	6,405
Costa Rican	595	300	295	1,070	580	490
Ecuadorian	1,615	715	895	9,990	4,680	5,315
Guatemalan	5,830	3,000	2,830	3,110	1,470	1,640
Guyanese	2,465	1,205	1,255	26,685	11,845	14,845
Hispanic	590	320	265	2,145	1,065	1,080
Honduran	2,815	1,355	1,460	1,020	455	565
Maya	960	565	400	785	385	395
Mexican	13,835	6,685	7,150	12,095	5,695	6,400
Nicaraguan	1,500	755	750	2,330	1,125	1,200
Panamanian	830	425	410	890	365	525
Paraguayan	190	95	95	165	65	95
Peruvian	10,190	4,805	5,385	4,990	2,335	2,650
Salvadorean	11,535	5,710	5,820	9,565	4,720	4,845
Uruguayan	870	400	470	1,300	665	635
Venezuelan	4,020	1,830	2,195	4,220	1,910	2,310
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,410	1,730	1,680	5,080	2,490	2,585
African origins	224,260	115,410	108,850	146,870	70,430	76,445
Central and West African origins	45,140	23,345	21,795	31,135	15,255	15,885
Akan	395	210	185	460	260	200
Angolan	470	225	245	840	375	470
Ashanti	65	55	0	560	270	285
Beninese	1,885	950	935	235	120	115
Burkinabe	1,245	670	580	45	10	30
Cameroonian	8,790	4,475	4,310	1,575	770	800
Chadian	655	340	310	130	65	65
Congolese	9,960	4,845	5,115	2,625	1,220	1,410
Edo	95	50	40	490	255	235
Ewe	215	135	85	75	40	35
Gabonese	450	195	255	35	10	30
Gambian	80	45	35	435	195	240
Ghanaian	2,240	1,130	1,115	9,960	4,635	5,325
Guinean	3,080	1,630	1,450	475	240	235
Ibo	135	60	75	665	375	290
Ivorian	4,360	2,195	2,170	390	175	215
Liberian	60	25	35	170	70	100
Malian	1,815	920	900	175	90	85
Malinké	400	210	190	160	65	95
Nigerian	1,815	975	835	9,745	4,930	4,815
Peulh	1,310	660	650	60	40	20
Senegalese	4,070	2,220	1,845	370	195	170
Sierra Leonean	80	40	40	590	305	290
Togolese	1,865	980	880	205	130	80
Wolof	355	210	145	45	20	25
Yoruba	285	140	140	1,110	645	460
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	3,410	1,845	1,565	1,500	745	750
North African origins	142,110	74,140	67,970	19,510	9,970	9,535
Algerian	40,120	20,825	19,295	890	410	480
Berber	21,550	11,345	10,205	455	250	210
Coptic	375	210	165	285	155	135
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egyptian	17,790	9,220	8,570	10,490	5,315	5,185
Libyan	770	410	360	715	380	335
Maure	355	205	150	145	85	60
Moroccan	53,670	27,715	25,955	4,100	2,095	2,005
Sudanese	215	110	105	2,310	1,145	1,165
Tunisian	12,870	6,975	5,890	550	285	260
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,135	1,205	930	470	285	190
Southern and East African origins	13,315	6,550	6,765	56,400	26,555	29,850
Afrikaner	75	65	10	190	95	95
Amhara	25	10	10	330	165	160
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	900	495	405	175	100	70
Burundian	2,015	970	1,045	475	265	210
Djiboutian	220	100	125	165	75	85
Eritrean	335	175	155	6,460	3,100	3,355
Ethiopian	1,130	565	565	13,085	6,255	6,830
Harari	15	10	10	395	220	180
Kenyan	300	135	160	2,155	970	1,180
Malagasy	1,490	750	745	85	35	50
Mauritian	1,735	825	910	945	460	485
Oromo	10	10	0	645	280	365
Rwandan	1,995	935	1,055	795	365	425
Seychellois	480	220	255	80	30	45
Somali	1,230	590	635	20,960	9,680	11,285
South African	540	280	265	5,440	2,705	2,735
Tanzanian	140	80	55	1,145	550	590
Tigrian	60	25	40	360	185	170
Ugandan	115	50	65	1,280	620	660
Zambian	30	15	15	170	85	85
Zimbabwean	225	120	105	1,025	450	575
Zulu	50	20	20	140	70	65
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	875	425	455	3,275	1,380	1,895
Other African origins	25,930	12,605	13,325	41,950	19,685	22,265
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,125	990	1,135	6,530	2,750	3,785
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	24,195	11,815	12,380	35,855	17,135	18,720
Asian origins	353,565	173,390	180,180	1,079,290	515,530	563,760
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	137,895	70,990	66,905	152,055	77,500	74,555
Afghan	2,395	1,205	1,185	20,915	10,765	10,150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	27,100	14,270	12,830	9,275	4,885	4,390
Armenian	13,180	6,420	6,765	12,265	5,950	6,315
Assyrian	185	110	75	3,125	1,620	1,500
Azerbaijani	435	225	215	1,670	805	865
Georgian	520	245	280	1,600	815	785
Hazara	10	10	10	325	165	165
Iranian	19,670	9,825	9,845	45,540	23,000	22,540
Iraqi	3,380	1,685	1,690	10,475	5,180	5,295
Israeli	5,195	2,745	2,450	6,720	3,480	3,235
Jordanian	1,075	565	515	1,480	830	650
Kazakh	445	220	225	635	290	350
Kurd	1,395	755	640	2,570	1,415	1,150
Kuwaiti	55	25	25	155	95	60
Kyrgyz	210	115	95	130	40	90
Lebanese	40,100	21,075	19,025	13,125	6,805	6,325
Palestinian	4,555	2,330	2,225	4,090	2,280	1,815
Pashtun	340	185	155	825	460	360
Saudi Arabian	550	330	220	1,120	590	535
Syrian	15,765	8,050	7,715	6,660	3,205	3,450
Tajik	110	40	70	775	390	390
Tatar	650	315	340	865	380	485
Turk	9,590	4,620	4,970	13,345	6,850	6,500
Turkmen	25	15	10	200	90	110
Uighur	295	130	155	370	175	185
Uzbek	340	165	180	1,020	530	495
Yemeni	610	320	285	1,405	665	745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,765	980	785	4,210	2,180	2,030
South Asian origins	68,825	35,490	33,335	350,035	175,565	174,470
Bangladeshi	6,115	3,155	2,955	18,150	9,430	8,720
Bengali	3,575	1,730	1,840	9,455	4,875	4,575
Bhutanese	0	0	0	125	70	45
East Indian	35,830	18,630	17,190	202,675	101,705	100,965
Goan	160	75	90	1,280	570	710
Gujarati	340	165	175	1,995	1,075	920
Kashmiri	230	140	85	350	185	165
Nepali	180	95	80	3,080	1,515	1,565
Pakistani	9,510	4,880	4,630	36,135	18,360	17,775
Punjabi	2,125	1,235	890	6,205	3,185	3,015
Sinhalese	205	85	125	1,730	850	880
Sri Lankan	11,255	5,590	5,665	58,185	28,135	30,050
Tamil	2,505	1,320	1,185	20,350	10,295	10,055
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,585	875	705	18,475	9,450	9,025
East and Southeast Asian origins	148,715	67,730	80,985	586,510	266,790	319,725
Burmese	175	100	75	1,200	570	630
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,745	3,775	3,975	2,965	1,300	1,660
Chinese	76,085	35,390	40,690	332,830	155,720	177,110
Filipino	30,545	12,430	18,115	162,600	68,735	93,860
Hmong	35	10	20	10	10	10
Indonesian	790	340	450	2,950	1,370	1,585
Japanese	4,025	1,580	2,445	17,260	7,315	9,950
Karen	0	0	0	230	95	130
Korean	6,035	2,860	3,180	43,455	20,510	22,950
Laotian	2,805	1,445	1,365	1,255	580	675
Malaysian	425	190	235	2,875	1,340	1,535
Mongolian	510	230	280	1,090	480	610
Singaporean	90	50	45	555	240	320
Taiwanese	1,365	570	795	4,495	2,020	2,480
Thai	1,105	450	655	1,795	640	1,160
Tibetan	40	20	15	5,435	2,700	2,725
Vietnamese	28,155	13,530	14,625	36,840	17,305	19,530
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	225	105	120	1,375	700	675
Other Asian origins	1,275	675	600	4,600	2,310	2,295
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,275	675	595	4,600	2,305	2,295
Oceania origins	1,870	1,005	865	5,790	2,905	2,885
Australian	1,240	705	540	3,705	1,945	1,765
New Zealander	265	130	135	1,225	635	590
Pacific Islands origins	425	205	220	1,025	425	590
Fijian	35	15	20	465	160	305
Hawaiian	25	10	20	125	55	65
Maori	50	40	20	145	80	65
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	130	60	70	75	15	65
Samoan	10	10	0	65	35	35
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	200	100	105	220	90	125
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Owner	348,230	...	...	587,095	...	...
Renter	522,140	...	...	525,830	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	870,375	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
Condominium	161,045	...	...	292,260	...	...
Not condominium	709,330	...	...	820,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
No bedrooms	14,110	...	...	22,355	...	...
1 bedroom	254,690	...	...	310,010	...	...
2 bedrooms	292,930	...	...	315,685	...	...
3 bedrooms	216,835	...	...	270,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	91,805	...	...	193,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	467,490	...	...	559,150	...	...
5 rooms	163,460	...	...	150,730	...	...
6 rooms	79,935	...	...	119,130	...	...
7 rooms	58,855	...	...	94,780	...	...
8 or more rooms	100,625	...	...	189,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One person or fewer per room	845,575	...	...	1,054,450	...	...
More than 1 person per room	24,795	...	...	58,485	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Suitable	799,140	...	...	978,105	...	...
Not suitable	71,230	...	...	134,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1960 or before	334,260	...	...	363,125	...	...
1961 to 1980	284,020	...	...	347,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	100,065	...	...	109,900	...	...
1991 to 2000	55,905	...	...	85,640	...	...
2001 to 2005	28,930	...	...	58,305	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,720	...	...	67,530	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	34,465	...	...	80,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	870,375	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	801,740	...	...	1,034,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	68,630	...	...	78,595	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	870,370	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
1 household maintainer	584,240	...	...	693,405	...	...
2 household maintainers	266,165	...	...	374,460	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,970	...	...	45,060	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	870,375	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
15 to 24 years	39,040	...	...	38,565	...	...
25 to 34 years	151,650	...	...	193,900	...	...
35 to 44 years	163,270	...	...	200,750	...	...
45 to 54 years	161,100	...	...	225,775	...	...
55 to 64 years	152,865	...	...	198,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	109,830	...	...	134,370	...	...
75 to 84 years	65,970	...	...	84,310	...	...
85 years and over	26,650	...	...	36,840	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	868,760	...	...	1,110,735	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	606,785	...	...	704,670	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	261,975	...	...	406,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	219,820	...	...	328,350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	348,225	...	...	587,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	59.3	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.2	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,218	...	...	1,496	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,682	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,785	...	...	601,922	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	462,244	...	...	754,015	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	522,140	...	...	525,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.7	...	...	15.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.8	...	...	46.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	778	...	...	1,201	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	851	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	268,125	127,735	140,390	377,340	177,785	199,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	324,455	159,965	164,490	561,095	276,685	284,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,356,360	638,180	718,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	158,510	88,680	69,830	94,005	59,525	34,480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	115,485	59,085	56,400	53,060	30,330	22,735
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	43,030	29,595	13,435	40,945	29,195	11,745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260,250	119,475	140,775	362,080	156,110	205,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	63,120	26,705	36,415	65,015	27,975	37,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	516,530	248,170	268,360	835,255	394,575	440,680
Bachelor's degree	301,965	139,970	161,995	534,610	245,845	288,770
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	48,790	22,955	25,830	54,570	24,630	29,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,170	7,760	7,415	23,540	12,070	11,470
Master's degree	125,995	62,965	63,030	192,120	93,960	98,160
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,610	14,520	10,085	30,415	18,075	12,340
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,067,000	528,725	538,275	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,980	59,375	53,605	159,790	80,050	79,745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	178,710	93,475	85,230	317,080	162,485	154,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,077,930	502,705	575,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	119,695	65,705	53,990	63,315	39,670	23,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	88,605	44,645	43,960	36,005	20,535	15,470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	31,095	21,060	10,030	27,310	19,140	8,170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,940	84,760	93,180	279,675	121,840	157,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	47,550	20,660	26,885	48,700	21,085	27,615
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	430,130	204,745	225,380	686,250	320,105	366,140
Bachelor's degree	248,180	115,200	132,985	433,620	198,975	234,640
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40,235	18,395	21,840	43,835	19,135	24,700
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,910	5,425	6,485	18,815	8,885	9,930
Master's degree	109,920	54,580	55,340	166,410	79,845	86,565
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,885	11,150	8,725	23,565	13,265	10,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	592,575	287,695	304,880	938,430	454,470	483,965
Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	67,335	14,370	52,965
13. Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	67,335	14,365	52,960
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65,705	31,355	34,350	86,360	39,580	46,785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,345	6,205	2,140	10,295	7,565	2,730
50. Visual and performing arts	57,365	25,145	32,220	76,060	32,005	44,055
Humanities	77,355	30,055	47,300	101,440	38,200	63,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,000	3,490	11,510	12,405	2,990	9,415
23. English language and literature/letters	8,220	2,515	5,700	31,945	10,210	21,735
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,880	11,405	16,475	23,770	8,195	15,580
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	285	105	185	665	280	385
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,830	2,990	1,840	8,015	4,575	3,440
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,430	1,705	725	5,470	3,390	2,080
54. History	7,040	3,975	3,060	15,360	7,870	7,490
55. French language and literature/letters	11,675	3,875	7,805	3,805	700	3,100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	141,250	52,575	88,675	215,995	80,300	135,695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,010	530	1,480	3,805	805	3,000
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20,935	7,630	13,305	27,660	10,905	16,755
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,860	1,995	15,865	26,595	2,885	23,710
22. Legal professions and studies	25,305	10,650	14,655	38,050	16,605	21,450
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,105	835	2,275	3,800	945	2,860
42. Psychology	18,865	4,905	13,955	29,550	7,530	22,020
45. Social sciences	53,170	26,025	27,145	86,530	40,630	45,905
Business, management and public administration	228,555	98,790	129,760	316,580	143,790	172,785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	95	145	610	255	350
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,680	2,520	8,165	22,585	5,035	17,545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	217,625	96,175	121,455	293,385	138,500	154,890
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,035	27,060	23,975	63,185	30,155	33,030
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,305	8,320	11,980	29,170	12,000	17,165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,495	5,530	3,970	13,410	5,865	7,550
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,380	2,310	2,065	1,380	425	955
40. Physical sciences	15,330	10,085	5,240	17,275	11,175	6,100
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,525	805	720	1,960	695	1,260
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,280	36,525	15,760	76,435	49,500	26,940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	41,680	31,280	10,405	57,245	39,505	17,740
25. Library science	3,625	755	2,870	3,695	670	3,025
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,135	3,855	2,275	14,350	8,490	5,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	840	630	205	1,145	830	320
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,710	137,995	23,710	203,235	170,735	32,500
04. Architecture and related services	11,440	6,565	4,875	18,010	11,130	6,880
14. Engineering	66,425	52,940	13,490	93,105	73,100	20,010
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,465	21,825	2,635	31,630	28,215	3,415
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	15	85	25	60
46. Construction trades	22,655	21,670	985	25,275	24,510	770
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,180	22,285	890	23,110	22,350	760
48. Precision production	13,525	12,700	820	12,020	11,410	605
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,600	5,025	4,570	14,385	7,115	7,270
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,105	3,180	2,920	7,765	4,080	3,690
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,500	1,845	1,650	6,620	3,035	3,585
Health and related fields	113,455	28,650	84,800	161,620	40,270	121,345
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,710	3,425	3,285	12,375	6,245	6,130
51. Health professions and related programs	101,665	22,475	79,185	142,005	30,135	111,875
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,085	2,755	2,335	7,240	3,895	3,345
Personal, protective and transportation services	44,270	23,130	21,140	49,585	24,085	25,495
12. Personal and culinary services	28,675	10,020	18,660	33,385	11,715	21,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	0	210	185	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	170	0	220	190	25
43. Security and protective services	7,455	5,825	1,630	9,480	6,475	3,005
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,905	7,060	845	6,290	5,525	770
Other	145	55	90	210	80	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	55	90	205	80	125
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,067,000	528,725	538,280	1,554,815	745,240	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	291,685	152,855	138,830	476,875	242,535	234,345
Education	37,035	8,115	28,920	48,015	10,310	37,705
13. Education	37,030	8,110	28,920	48,015	10,310	37,705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	52,420	25,525	26,900	70,625	32,800	37,825
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	6,460	4,740	1,720	8,245	6,090	2,145
50. Visual and performing arts	45,955	20,785	25,175	62,385	26,710	35,675
Humanities	53,455	20,955	32,500	77,355	28,940	48,420
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,875	2,820	9,050	9,450	2,160	7,290
23. English language and literature/letters	6,265	1,920	4,340	24,570	7,840	16,730
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	16,240	7,070	9,170	18,350	6,360	11,985
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	190	70	120	545	235	305
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,530	2,200	1,330	6,215	3,605	2,615
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,565	1,100	460	3,875	2,365	1,515
54. History	5,260	3,050	2,210	11,710	5,965	5,745
55. French language and literature/letters	8,535	2,715	5,820	2,640	405	2,240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110,575	40,835	69,740	176,260	64,440	111,820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,665	445	1,220	3,110	680	2,430
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,580	6,520	11,055	23,490	9,345	14,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,035	1,380	12,655	20,460	2,085	18,380
22. Legal professions and studies	20,640	8,225	12,415	32,405	13,120	19,290
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,215	615	1,600	3,145	800	2,340
42. Psychology	14,185	3,610	10,570	23,050	5,665	17,385
45. Social sciences	40,250	20,035	20,210	70,600	32,750	37,855
Business, management and public administration	184,055	79,015	105,045	259,245	116,615	142,620
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	90	120	525	200	320
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,555	2,030	6,525	18,360	4,125	14,230
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175,300	76,900	98,400	240,360	112,290	128,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	34,915	17,965	16,955	48,015	22,475	25,540
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,520	6,645	9,875	22,455	9,170	13,290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,635	2,710	1,925	10,355	4,470	5,885
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,090	615	475	1,100	360	745
40. Physical sciences	11,490	7,355	4,135	12,630	7,955	4,680
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,180	635	550	1,470	525	945
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45,775	32,340	13,435	66,515	43,640	22,875
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,730	28,385	9,345	51,575	35,780	15,795
25. Library science	2,765	645	2,120	2,500	495	2,010
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,625	2,845	1,780	11,420	6,640	4,785
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	655	460	195	1,020	730	290
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,855	107,035	20,820	154,975	127,815	27,160
04. Architecture and related services	9,630	5,365	4,260	14,855	8,915	5,940
14. Engineering	56,565	44,315	12,255	75,175	58,025	17,150
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,385	16,350	2,040	23,075	20,575	2,500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	20	80	20	60
46. Construction trades	16,340	15,500	845	17,955	17,410	545
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,245	16,530	715	16,100	15,580	520
48. Precision production	9,655	8,970	685	7,735	7,295	440
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,060	4,150	3,910	11,710	5,590	6,125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,570	2,475	6,170	3,075	3,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,020	1,585	1,430	5,540	2,515	3,025
Health and related fields	86,710	21,765	64,945	127,480	31,675	95,800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,535	2,815	2,715	9,425	4,840	4,585
51. Health professions and related programs	77,255	17,060	60,195	112,440	24,045	88,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,920	1,885	2,035	5,615	2,790	2,825
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,345	18,150	16,195	37,550	18,320	19,230
12. Personal and culinary services	21,990	7,735	14,255	24,950	8,690	16,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	155	130	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	110	95	15
43. Security and protective services	5,770	4,515	1,255	7,280	4,910	2,370
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,435	5,765	670	5,055	4,495	560
Other	120	35	90	180	70	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	125	35	90	175	65	110
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	592,575	287,690	304,880	938,430	454,470	483,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,356,360	638,185	718,175
Location of study inside Canada	766,825	365,725	401,100	929,295	434,090	495,205
Same as province or territory of residence	730,595	346,900	383,695	844,385	392,995	451,390
Different than province or territory of residence	36,225	18,820	17,410	84,910	41,090	43,815
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	231,585	117,315	114,270	427,060	204,095	222,970
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,020	9,365	6,655	45,385	24,765	20,615
Philippines	10,640	3,035	7,605	58,775	19,975	38,805
India	5,395	2,935	2,465	42,320	22,135	20,190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,135	4,090	3,045	28,740	15,210	13,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,015	5,430	6,585	35,475	16,700	18,780
France	39,955	22,250	17,705	4,870	2,630	2,245
Other	140,420	70,205	70,215	211,490	102,680	108,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,067,000	528,720	538,280	1,554,810	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	291,685	152,855	138,835	476,880	242,535	234,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,077,935	502,700	575,230
Location of study inside Canada	584,410	280,785	303,620	739,735	344,335	395,390
Same as province or territory of residence	556,135	266,180	289,960	671,340	310,865	360,475
Different than province or territory of residence	28,270	14,605	13,660	68,395	33,470	34,920
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	190,905	95,085	95,825	338,205	158,365	179,840
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,570	6,575	4,990	35,025	18,675	16,345
Philippines	9,045	2,505	6,540	50,685	17,040	33,645
India	3,905	1,980	1,925	36,085	18,480	17,605
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,800	2,760	2,045	18,570	9,775	8,800
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,835	4,830	6,005	29,550	13,710	15,845
France	34,215	18,870	15,340	4,045	2,180	1,870
Other	116,535	57,560	58,975	164,240	78,505	85,730
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
In the labour force	1,019,360	529,940	489,425	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Employed	927,720	480,600	447,115	1,361,375	697,365	664,010
Unemployed	91,645	49,335	42,310	122,305	60,780	61,520
Not in the labour force	571,625	240,795	330,835	811,110	334,505	476,605
Participation rate	64.1	68.8	59.7	64.7	69.4	60.4
Employment rate	58.3	62.4	54.5	59.3	63.8	55.2
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.3	8.6	8.2	8.0	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	553,110	233,515	319,595	791,790	328,280	463,515
Worked	1,037,875	537,220	500,660	1,502,995	764,375	738,620
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	466,195	258,815	207,380	750,555	409,195	341,360
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	571,675	278,400	293,270	752,440	355,180	397,255
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	42.3	42.9	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,019,360	529,935	489,420	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,225	18,855	18,375	46,135	21,730	24,405
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,085	471,050	1,437,540	736,420	701,125
Employee	861,390	435,915	425,475	1,254,610	621,175	633,435
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	120,740	75,170	45,575	182,930	115,245	67,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,375	46,135	21,735	24,405
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,080	471,050	1,437,545	736,420	701,125
0 Management occupations	102,460	62,870	39,590	163,965	95,505	68,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	174,400	64,685	109,715	258,875	98,770	160,105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	86,460	67,345	19,110	117,635	88,840	28,795
3 Health occupations	66,460	17,440	49,020	84,365	22,000	62,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	128,005	41,290	86,720	186,795	60,365	126,430
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	56,345	28,500	27,845	80,195	40,685	39,510
6 Sales and service occupations	244,935	124,900	120,040	345,145	163,920	181,220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,995	74,080	4,915	131,115	122,835	8,280
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,615	3,825	790	7,555	6,240	1,315
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	39,460	26,150	13,310	61,900	37,255	24,650
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,380	46,135	21,730	24,405
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	982,130	511,085	471,050	1,437,545	736,415	701,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,570	930	2,095	1,310	785
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	790	280	2,040	1,345	695
22 Utilities	4,680	2,860	1,825	5,915	3,855	2,055
23 Construction	31,500	27,345	4,155	76,480	68,335	8,140
31-33 Manufacturing	87,555	59,285	28,265	105,285	68,745	36,545
41 Wholesale trade	44,740	27,130	17,610	50,120	31,395	18,730
44-45 Retail trade	107,155	52,620	54,535	141,535	66,890	74,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	44,395	33,130	11,265	57,910	43,835	14,075
51 Information and cultural industries	43,110	25,720	17,390	61,345	35,255	26,090
52 Finance and insurance	49,540	24,125	25,415	120,005	60,085	59,920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20,385	12,020	8,365	39,935	22,055	17,880
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	107,075	62,855	44,220	175,685	98,535	77,155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,525	630	900	4,085	1,755	2,325
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	52,300	31,480	20,815	78,890	42,910	35,980
61 Educational services	85,270	31,335	53,935	110,280	38,130	72,145
62 Health care and social assistance	118,530	28,480	90,055	143,250	32,215	111,035
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	26,285	13,675	12,605	34,995	18,390	16,605
72 Accommodation and food services	72,915	38,965	33,950	106,905	51,155	55,750
81 Other services (except public administration)	44,295	18,450	25,840	67,385	25,510	41,880
91 Public administration	37,320	18,620	18,700	53,390	24,715	28,680
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	927,715	480,605	447,115	1,361,375	697,365	664,010
Worked at home	65,840	34,655	31,185	101,275	52,165	49,110
Worked outside Canada	4,345	3,000	1,345	9,045	5,800	3,245
No fixed workplace address	74,690	51,335	23,355	156,250	108,045	48,205
Worked at usual place	782,840	391,615	391,225	1,094,805	531,360	563,445
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	782,845	391,615	391,230	1,094,805	531,360	563,445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575,810	278,865	296,940	884,040	405,530	478,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	134,040	69,050	64,995	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,715	41,695	28,020	208,165	124,310	83,855
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	2,005	1,265	2,605	1,520	1,085
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,251,055	639,405	611,650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	427,530	250,230	177,305	575,255	348,270	226,985
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	26,400	8,575	17,820	57,165	21,245	35,925
Public transit	295,860	128,960	166,895	463,000	192,300	270,705
Walked	69,410	31,975	37,440	107,660	49,540	58,125
Bicycle	30,645	18,895	11,745	34,355	21,245	13,110
Other method	7,695	4,310	3,380	13,605	6,805	6,805
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Less than 15 minutes	130,495	64,645	65,850	152,755	74,720	78,030
15 to 29 minutes	287,415	153,305	134,115	354,565	183,060	171,510
30 to 44 minutes	244,380	130,560	113,820	359,230	189,620	169,610
45 to 59 minutes	107,170	52,160	55,010	181,670	90,685	90,990
60 minutes and over	88,065	42,275	45,790	202,830	101,320	101,510
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	857,530	442,945	414,585	1,251,055	639,405	611,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	43,455	30,780	12,675	56,235	38,495	17,740
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120,205	69,870	50,335	162,435	96,815	65,620
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	237,660	111,655	126,000	305,355	146,795	158,560
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	209,795	98,520	111,275	335,840	156,755	179,085
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	119,630	58,555	61,070	200,780	97,305	103,480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	126,790	73,560	53,225	190,410	103,240	87,170
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	1,559,540	792,290	767,240
Single responses	914,950	471,330	443,615	1,522,985	774,885	748,100
Official languages	901,375	464,545	436,830	1,476,165	749,750	726,425
English	292,300	156,175	136,130	1,469,915	747,820	722,090
French	609,070	308,365	300,705	6,255	1,925	4,335
Non-official languages	13,575	6,790	6,790	46,815	25,135	21,675
Aboriginal languages	50	15	40	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,530	6,780	6,755	46,810	25,135	21,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,140	690	450	1,025	620	405
Berber languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,120	690	430	930	580	350
Amharic	0	0	0	55	20	30
Arabic	1,000	625	375	565	380	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	85	70	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	160	60	100
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	40	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	650	660	1,055	465	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	175	75	105	40	25	10
Vietnamese	1,130	575	560	1,020	440	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	60	60	635	235	400
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	580	215	365
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	60	125	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	60	120	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	1,090	550	535
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	120	70	55	1,060	540	520
Telugu	10	0	10	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,980	2,910	3,065	13,010	7,330	5,675
Albanian	15	15	0	150	75	70
Armenian	110	60	45	110	55	60
Balto-Slavic languages	885	400	485	2,385	1,185	1,205
Baltic languages	15	10	10	25	0	25
Latvian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Slavic languages	870	390	480	2,360	1,180	1,180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	80	45	35
Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Czech	10	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Polish	145	60	85	500	270	230
Russian	565	270	290	1,110	520	590
Serbian	10	10	0	100	70	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	45	30	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	70	400	170	230
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	755	300	455	245	100	145
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	10	10	10
Dutch	15	0	15	30	30	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	65	110	155	45	110
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swedish	10	0	0	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	545	230	320	15	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	160	150	275	150	125
Indo-Iranian languages	925	545	380	2,775	1,640	1,135
Indo-Aryan languages	435	275	165	1,375	730	650
Bengali	85	65	20	255	125	130
Gujarati	15	10	10	185	60	125
Hindi	30	20	10	180	110	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	150	100	410	235	175
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	60	35	25	300	185	120
Iranian languages	485	270	215	1,400	915	485
Kurdish	10	0	10	55	55	10
Pashto	10	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	475	270	200	1,335	860	475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,440	1,550	7,070	4,125	2,940
Catalan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italian	455	255	200	435	235	205
Portuguese	375	220	160	4,040	2,615	1,420
Romanian	230	105	120	90	40	50
Spanish	1,915	860	1,050	2,490	1,235	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	180	70	110	605	190	415
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Korean	275	140	135	2,700	1,395	1,310
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	10	15
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	35	165	80	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	110	35	75
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	60	40	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,000	2,045	1,950	25,775	13,850	11,930
Chinese languages	4,000	2,050	1,950	25,735	13,825	11,905
Cantonese	1,615	785	835	11,880	6,245	5,635
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	2,155	1,160	1,000	13,215	7,270	5,935
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	100	55	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	160	75	85	520	235	280
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	65	30	35
Lao	10	10	0	10	0	10
Thai	15	0	10	60	30	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	350	230	115
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkish	80	35	40	330	225	110
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	0	25	255	110	145
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	30
Finnish	0	0	0	35	0	25
Hungarian	30	0	30	180	95	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160,020	84,100	75,925	36,555	17,410	19,145
English and French	144,525	76,125	68,400	8,130	3,340	4,785
English and non-official language	4,385	2,475	1,905	27,800	13,775	14,025
French and non-official language	3,725	1,770	1,960	40	10	25
English, French and non-official language	7,385	3,720	3,660	585	285	305
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	1,559,535	792,290	767,240
None	585,490	298,310	287,175	1,428,870	727,745	701,130
English	289,290	152,320	136,975	22,475	10,985	11,500
French	159,505	83,705	75,800	27,840	12,340	15,500
Non-official language	27,455	14,470	12,985	77,850	40,035	37,820
Aboriginal	120	55	70	110	25	85
Non-Aboriginal	27,335	14,410	12,920	77,740	40,005	37,735
English and French	1,145	535	610	55	35	25
English and non-official language	7,690	3,670	4,020	445	225	220
French and non-official language	4,370	2,405	1,965	1,975	925	1,055
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	20	15	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,872,860	914,480	958,380	2,663,550	1,281,735	1,381,820
Non-movers	1,596,465	775,885	820,580	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075
Movers	276,395	138,595	137,800	379,495	186,750	192,740
Non-migrants	192,940	96,765	96,170	253,780	124,200	129,575
Migrants	83,455	41,825	41,630	125,715	62,550	63,160
Internal migrants	43,805	21,870	21,935	65,770	32,415	33,360
Intraprovincial migrants	35,005	17,190	17,815	49,995	24,580	25,415
Interprovincial migrants	8,800	4,680	4,120	15,780	7,835	7,945
External migrants	39,650	19,960	19,695	59,945	30,140	29,805
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,785,390	869,675	915,715	2,556,120	1,226,450	1,329,665
Non-movers	1,013,590	485,800	527,790	1,516,110	718,935	797,170
Movers	771,800	383,875	387,925	1,040,015	507,510	532,495
Non-migrants	487,230	242,160	245,075	639,060	310,250	328,810
Migrants	284,570	141,715	142,850	400,950	197,265	203,685
Internal migrants	126,750	62,015	64,740	184,120	89,710	94,410
Intraprovincial migrants	105,505	51,380	54,120	141,135	68,975	72,160
Interprovincial migrants	21,250	10,630	10,615	42,990	20,735	22,250
External migrants	157,815	79,705	78,115	216,835	107,555	109,275