Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			Montréal Quebec [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,942,044	...	...	4,098,927	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,886,481	...	...	3,934,078r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	939,112	...	...	1,823,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	870,373	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,889.8	...	...	890.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	499.26	...	...	4,604.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,942,045	944,490	997,560	4,098,925	2,000,935	2,097,990
0 to 14 years	304,470	155,320	149,155	691,345	353,270	338,075
0 to 4 years	109,740	56,060	53,680	231,320	118,405	112,920
5 to 9 years	104,385	53,250	51,130	242,610	124,075	118,535
10 to 14 years	90,350	46,010	44,340	217,415	110,795	106,620
15 to 64 years	1,313,915	653,520	660,395	2,735,890	1,356,315	1,379,575
15 to 19 years	97,835	49,365	48,465	225,345	114,530	110,815
20 to 24 years	139,720	69,190	70,530	271,635	136,530	135,105
25 to 29 years	153,505	75,655	77,850	270,735	134,135	136,600
30 to 34 years	152,195	74,675	77,520	279,175	136,275	142,905
35 to 39 years	147,480	73,440	74,040	295,330	145,080	150,255
40 to 44 years	128,970	65,105	63,860	276,490	137,505	138,985
45 to 49 years	125,505	63,790	61,715	277,560	138,805	138,755
50 to 54 years	131,865	67,065	64,800	303,980	152,325	151,660
55 to 59 years	127,010	62,680	64,330	291,385	143,585	147,805
60 to 64 years	109,825	52,545	57,285	244,235	117,550	126,690
65 years and over	323,660	135,650	188,010	671,690	291,345	380,345
65 to 69 years	95,180	44,325	50,855	210,080	98,390	111,690
70 to 74 years	72,390	31,985	40,410	162,985	74,565	88,420
75 to 79 years	57,290	24,010	33,275	118,450	51,740	66,710
80 to 84 years	46,700	18,670	28,030	89,460	36,985	52,470
85 years and over	52,100	16,660	35,445	90,720	29,665	61,060
85 to 89 years	32,310	11,365	20,945	58,055	21,025	37,030
90 to 94 years	15,195	4,360	10,835	25,420	7,160	18,260
95 to 99 years	3,950	830	3,120	6,285	1,350	4,935
100 years and over	650	100	540	965	130	830
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	15.0	16.9	17.7	16.1
15 to 64 years	67.7	69.2	66.2	66.7	67.8	65.8
65 years and over	16.7	14.4	18.8	16.4	14.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	2.2	1.5	2.9
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	40.6	39.5	41.6
Median age of the population	39.1	38.2	40.1	40.3	39.3	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Single-detached house	99,485	...	...	564,230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	126,600	...	...	151,365	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	643,860	...	...	1,007,340	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,185	...	...	86,460	...	...
Row house	33,500	...	...	56,770	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	108,890	...	...	146,085	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	465,920	...	...	711,775	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,370	...	...	6,255	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	425	...	...	4,380	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	870,370	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
1 person	342,510	...	...	570,285	...	...
2 persons	259,295	...	...	551,270	...	...
3 persons	118,645	...	...	257,130	...	...
4 persons	97,490	...	...	231,025	...	...
5 or more persons	52,435	...	...	117,600	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,895,000	...	...	4,009,790	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,637,575	789,170	848,405	3,407,580	1,647,665	1,759,915
Married or living common law	799,705	402,505	397,195	1,845,335	925,190	920,145
Married	579,130	290,175	288,960	1,226,235	613,925	612,315
Living common law	220,575	112,335	108,240	619,100	311,270	307,830
Not married and not living common law	837,870	386,665	451,205	1,562,240	722,470	839,775
Never married	585,780	308,260	277,520	1,077,075	569,720	507,355
Separated	33,630	14,010	19,620	58,740	24,795	33,945
Divorced	127,000	46,890	80,110	245,625	91,055	154,570
Widowed	91,460	17,505	73,960	180,805	36,900	143,910
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	485,285	...	...	1,101,980	...	...
2 persons	241,425	...	...	539,635	...	...
3 persons	109,090	...	...	244,885	...	...
4 persons	93,220	...	...	224,230	...	...
5 or more persons	41,555	...	...	93,225	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	485,285	...	...	1,101,985	...	...
Total couple families	385,585	...	...	898,085	...	...
Married couples	275,400	...	...	588,970	...	...
Common-law couples	110,185	...	...	309,115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	99,700	...	...	203,895	...	...
Female parent	81,190	...	...	158,625	...	...
Male parent	18,505	...	...	45,270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385,585	...	...	898,090	...	...
Couples without children	178,105	...	...	413,795	...	...
Couples with children	207,475	...	...	484,290	...	...
1 child	82,305	...	...	185,880	...	...
2 children	85,985	...	...	209,465	...	...
3 or more children	39,185	...	...	88,950	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	99,700	...	...	203,895	...	...
1 child	63,310	...	...	125,840	...	...
2 children	26,780	...	...	59,010	...	...
3 or more children	9,610	...	...	19,045	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	488,715	238,040	250,675	802,100	385,725	416,380
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
One-census-family households	469,260	...	...	1,065,055	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	172,615	...	...	399,960	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	296,640	...	...	665,095	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,855	...	...	18,140	...	...
Non-census-family households	393,260	...	...	644,110	...	...
One-person households	342,505	...	...	570,285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50,750	...	...	73,825	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
English only	220,425	109,555	110,870	286,275	143,255	143,025
French only	517,445	230,460	286,990	1,472,060	662,855	809,205
English and French	1,131,680	575,450	556,225	2,231,540	1,150,975	1,080,565
Neither English nor French	45,210	17,800	27,405	63,480	25,175	38,305
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,914,755	933,260	981,500	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
English	543,485	270,085	273,400	765,805	382,720	383,080
French	1,164,335	562,200	602,135	2,980,955	1,448,725	1,532,235
English and French	163,025	83,800	79,230	244,955	126,535	118,415
Neither English nor French	43,910	17,175	26,735	61,645	24,280	37,365
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	625,000	311,985	313,015	888,280	445,990	442,290
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	32.6	33.4	31.9	21.9	22.5	21.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,914,760	933,265	981,495	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
Single responses	1,823,085	887,650	935,430	3,907,510	1,909,450	1,998,060
Official languages	1,195,590	584,190	611,405	2,996,905	1,467,115	1,529,795
English	307,080	153,045	154,040	444,955	222,890	222,065
French	888,515	431,145	457,365	2,551,955	1,244,225	1,307,730
Non-official languages	627,490	303,465	324,025	910,605	442,335	468,270
Aboriginal languages	580	205	380	755	275	480
Algonquian languages	310	120	190	370	145	225
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	275	100	175	320	120	200
Atikamekw	25	5	20	30	10	25
Montagnais (Innu)	40	10	30	70	25	45
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	15	10	10	15	10	10
Northern East Cree	50	25	30	50	20	30
Plains Cree	5	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	5	5	0	10	5	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	85	140	50	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	20	5	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	20	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	35	20	10
Algonquin	15	10	5	30	20	15
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	210	60	150	270	70	195
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	170	45	130	225	60	170
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	75	40	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	10	70	35	35
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	5	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	5	0	0	5	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	626,905	303,255	323,655	909,845	442,055	467,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	122,040	64,460	57,575	176,965	92,830	84,135
Berber languages	13,915	7,405	6,515	18,945	10,025	8,915
Kabyle	8,560	4,560	3,995	11,315	5,975	5,335
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5,360	2,840	2,515	7,625	4,050	3,580
Cushitic languages	695	330	360	760	365	395
Bilen	15	5	10	10	10	5
Oromo	5	5	0	5	5	0
Somali	660	310	355	725	340	385
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	20	15	5
Semitic languages	107,255	56,630	50,625	157,015	82,305	74,715
Amharic	585	275	310	665	310	355
Arabic	102,805	54,340	48,465	151,955	79,715	72,240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	25	125	65	60
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	15	10	10
Harari	5	0	0	5	0	5
Hebrew	3,435	1,800	1,635	3,810	1,990	1,820
Maltese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Tigrigna	305	145	160	340	165	180
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	85	45	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	245	140	110
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,425	11,465	12,960	33,385	15,675	17,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,980	2,315	2,660	7,945	3,690	4,255
Vietnamese	19,435	9,145	10,290	25,430	11,975	13,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	10
Austronesian languages	17,455	6,340	11,115	20,215	7,315	12,895
Bikol	100	35	65	110	35	75
Cebuano	650	230	425	760	250	510
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	370	120	255	400	130	275
Ilocano	1,910	695	1,210	2,035	740	1,295
Malagasy	445	200	250	825	385	440
Malay	455	185	270	605	235	370
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	180	80	95	200	90	110
Pangasinan	80	35	45	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,980	4,650	8,330	14,865	5,275	9,590
Waray-Waray	40	5	35	50	10	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	240	100	140	275	120	160
Creole languages	36,850	16,270	20,580	54,205	23,910	30,300
Haitian Creole	1,320	630	685	1,965	930	1,035
Creole, n.o.s.	35,015	15,370	19,650	51,325	22,520	28,805
Creole languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	915	460	460
Dravidian languages	11,900	5,990	5,915	14,695	7,335	7,365
Kannada	200	105	95	230	125	105
Malayalam	335	185	150	405	215	190
Tamil	10,860	5,395	5,470	13,490	6,650	6,835
Telugu	495	300	190	555	335	215
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Indo-European languages	328,955	158,575	170,380	493,565	239,965	253,600
Albanian	1,735	880	855	2,455	1,250	1,205
Armenian	7,455	3,530	3,925	16,170	7,835	8,335
Balto-Slavic languages	41,965	18,705	23,260	58,295	26,270	32,025
Baltic languages	570	200	365	725	265	455
Latvian	200	75	125	235	90	150
Lithuanian	370	125	240	485	180	305
Slavic languages	41,395	18,505	22,895	57,570	26,005	31,570
Belarusan	50	30	20	70	40	25
Bosnian	290	140	150	455	220	230
Bulgarian	4,300	2,060	2,245	6,395	3,095	3,295
Croatian	1,195	590	605	1,865	930	935
Czech	830	380	445	1,175	540	635
Macedonian	100	50	55	175	90	90
Polish	8,875	3,815	5,060	12,185	5,280	6,905
Russian	18,990	8,425	10,565	26,370	11,785	14,585
Serbian	1,490	725	765	1,890	930	955
Serbo-Croatian	480	215	265	655	305	345
Slovak	640	265	380	900	385	510
Slovene (Slovenian)	405	185	225	690	310	375
Ukrainian	3,680	1,590	2,085	4,640	2,025	2,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	125	65	65
Celtic languages	60	35	25	110	65	45
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	15	10	5
Welsh	15	5	10	25	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	10	65	45	25
Germanic languages	15,160	7,225	7,935	21,470	10,340	11,130
Afrikaans	70	35	35	90	40	50
Danish	205	90	115	300	145	155
Dutch	1,175	590	585	1,820	920	900
Frisian	5	0	0	5	5	5
German	6,075	2,695	3,380	9,235	4,195	5,040
Icelandic	55	25	25	60	25	30
Norwegian	115	60	50	145	70	70
Swedish	335	150	185	445	205	245
Vlaams (Flemish)	140	50	95	310	125	185
Yiddish	6,925	3,495	3,430	8,960	4,545	4,410
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	105	55	50
Greek	20,075	9,905	10,180	37,710	18,830	18,885
Indo-Iranian languages	52,615	27,185	25,430	70,940	36,585	34,350
Indo-Aryan languages	34,700	18,190	16,515	43,890	22,860	21,030
Bengali	9,620	4,915	4,710	10,805	5,515	5,290
Gujarati	5,120	2,515	2,600	6,005	2,940	3,060
Hindi	2,320	1,265	1,060	2,905	1,565	1,335
Kashmiri	15	15	0	15	15	0
Konkani	85	50	35	110	60	50
Marathi	195	120	80	235	135	100
Nepali	160	85	80	350	170	180
Oriya (Odia)	25	20	10	30	20	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,930	4,950	3,980	12,250	6,645	5,605
Sindhi	260	125	135	310	150	160
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	445	210	235	620	300	315
Urdu	7,520	3,925	3,595	10,260	5,335	4,925
Iranian languages	17,675	8,860	8,815	26,720	13,545	13,180
Kurdish	580	305	275	790	425	365
Pashto	905	480	425	1,190	625	560
Persian (Farsi)	16,185	8,070	8,110	24,740	12,485	12,255
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	330	185	145
Italic (Romance) languages	189,890	91,115	98,770	286,425	138,790	147,635
Catalan	215	105	110	260	135	130
Italian	74,490	35,605	38,880	101,230	49,650	51,570
Portuguese	18,525	8,890	9,640	31,025	14,925	16,100
Romanian	18,370	8,715	9,650	33,050	15,835	17,215
Spanish	78,220	37,760	40,460	120,765	58,185	62,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	95	55	40
Japanese	1,705	545	1,165	2,065	635	1,430
Kartvelian languages	140	70	75	160	75	85
Georgian	140	65	75	160	80	85
Korean	4,155	1,865	2,290	4,865	2,160	2,710
Mongolic languages	155	65	90	185	75	110
Mongolian	155	65	90	185	75	110
Niger-Congo languages	13,995	7,115	6,880	19,245	9,725	9,520
Akan (Twi)	790	390	400	1,015	500	510
Bamanankan	695	395	305	975	530	445
Edo	60	35	20	70	40	25
Ewe	330	180	145	485	275	210
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,185	615	570	1,625	840	785
Ga	55	25	30	80	40	40
Ganda	10	5	5	20	5	10
Igbo	80	45	35	95	55	45
Lingala	1,520	695	825	1,970	920	1,050
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,185	570	620	1,700	790	905
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,025	460	565	1,425	640	790
Shona	55	30	25	75	40	35
Swahili	895	425	470	1,305	620	685
Wolof	1,720	935	785	2,440	1,305	1,135
Yoruba	165	95	65	205	130	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,220	2,195	2,025	5,755	2,990	2,765
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	70	50	170	95	70
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	170	95	75
Sign languages	415	220	195	795	410	380
American Sign Language	35	20	15	50	25	20
Quebec Sign Language	185	90	95	435	210	225
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	315	180	140
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,755	24,555	28,200	71,705	33,385	38,320
Chinese languages	52,615	24,480	28,130	71,485	33,270	38,215
Cantonese	15,850	7,470	8,385	23,450	11,055	12,400
Hakka	300	130	165	460	205	255
Mandarin	30,720	14,205	16,515	40,195	18,570	21,625
Min Dong	20	10	10	25	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,100	1,300	3,105	1,435	1,675
Wu (Shanghainese)	750	325	425	1,020	450	575
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,200	1,305	3,140	1,510	1,635
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	80	40	40
Tibeto-Burman languages	140	75	70	220	110	110
Burmese	45	15	30	60	20	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	35	20	15	100	55	40
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	70	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	1,845	830	1,020	4,080	1,845	2,240
Lao	1,495	740	755	3,545	1,710	1,830
Thai	350	90	260	530	135	395
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	5	0	5
Turkic languages	5,555	2,835	2,720	7,375	3,765	3,610
Azerbaijani	205	115	90	260	145	120
Turkish	4,935	2,520	2,410	6,625	3,390	3,235
Uyghur	140	75	75	190	95	100
Uzbek	120	60	60	125	65	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	65	85	170	75	95
Uralic languages	4,020	1,775	2,245	5,650	2,570	3,080
Estonian	150	60	90	170	65	105
Finnish	220	70	150	290	95	200
Hungarian	3,650	1,650	2,005	5,185	2,410	2,775
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	180	490	275	220
Multiple responses	91,675	45,610	46,070	145,850	72,810	73,040
English and French	25,185	12,820	12,370	47,150	23,885	23,265
English and non-official language	18,760	9,105	9,655	25,440	12,510	12,940
French and non-official language	37,330	18,385	18,945	56,960	28,035	28,925
English, French and non-official language	10,410	5,305	5,100	16,300	8,390	7,910
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100
Single responses	1,740,120	848,190	891,920	3,784,235	1,850,955	1,933,280
Official languages	1,390,200	681,120	709,085	3,289,705	1,613,690	1,676,015
English	437,070	216,650	220,420	620,510	309,205	311,310
French	953,130	464,465	488,665	2,669,195	1,304,490	1,364,705
Non-official languages	349,915	167,075	182,835	494,525	237,260	257,265
Aboriginal languages	230	100	130	260	110	145
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	145	65	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	60	70	140	60	75
Atikamekw	5	5	5	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	15	5	15	20	5	15
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	5	10	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	30	20	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	5	0	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	70	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	25	45	80	30	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	40	70	25	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	15	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	5	15	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	349,685	166,975	182,705	494,265	237,150	257,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	58,305	29,780	28,525	82,560	41,880	40,680
Berber languages	5,315	2,790	2,525	6,830	3,540	3,285
Kabyle	3,640	1,920	1,720	4,610	2,395	2,210
Berber languages, n.i.e.	1,675	875	800	2,225	1,145	1,075
Cushitic languages	335	145	195	360	155	205
Bilen	5	0	5	5	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	325	135	185	350	150	200
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages	52,600	26,815	25,780	75,305	38,150	37,150
Amharic	290	130	155	315	145	170
Arabic	50,575	25,800	24,770	72,985	36,985	35,995
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	90	50	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	5
Hebrew	1,500	775	730	1,680	865	810
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	180	85	95	190	85	100
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	40	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,930	8,340	9,585	23,425	10,940	12,480
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,120	1,425	1,695	4,720	2,160	2,560
Vietnamese	14,805	6,915	7,890	18,700	8,785	9,915
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	8,615	3,420	5,190	9,405	3,780	5,625
Bikol	10	5	5	15	10	10
Cebuano	210	90	115	220	100	120
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	115	50	65	125	55	70
Ilocano	695	285	410	740	305	435
Malagasy	135	70	65	260	135	125
Malay	130	70	65	165	80	85
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	30	25	60	35	30
Pangasinan	15	5	5	15	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,195	2,795	4,400	7,750	3,040	4,710
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	15	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	50	20	30
Creole languages	14,360	6,180	8,180	19,975	8,450	11,520
Haitian Creole	570	260	305	775	345	430
Creole, n.o.s.	13,580	5,825	7,755	18,775	7,915	10,865
Creole languages, n.i.e.	210	95	115	420	190	225
Dravidian languages	9,265	4,605	4,665	11,330	5,555	5,775
Kannada	120	70	55	140	80	65
Malayalam	155	75	80	190	90	95
Tamil	8,700	4,290	4,415	10,670	5,185	5,485
Telugu	280	165	115	325	190	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	185,570	88,155	97,420	271,930	130,410	141,520
Albanian	990	485	505	1,445	710	730
Armenian	5,185	2,375	2,810	11,835	5,600	6,235
Balto-Slavic languages	25,165	11,655	13,510	35,205	16,555	18,650
Baltic languages	135	55	85	165	70	95
Latvian	55	30	30	65	30	30
Lithuanian	80	30	55	100	40	60
Slavic languages	25,025	11,605	13,430	35,040	16,485	18,555
Belarusan	15	10	10	20	10	15
Bosnian	165	75	90	260	125	135
Bulgarian	3,115	1,500	1,610	4,750	2,320	2,435
Croatian	520	240	280	775	365	415
Czech	245	115	135	375	180	200
Macedonian	60	30	30	110	55	50
Polish	3,985	1,770	2,210	5,400	2,430	2,970
Russian	13,830	6,450	7,385	19,390	9,180	10,215
Serbian	870	430	445	1,065	525	540
Serbo-Croatian	200	90	110	265	125	140
Slovak	135	65	75	215	105	110
Slovene (Slovenian)	130	55	80	220	90	130
Ukrainian	1,725	765	955	2,160	970	1,190
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	25	15	15
Celtic languages	10	10	5	20	15	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	6,165	3,130	3,035	8,705	4,415	4,295
Afrikaans	10	5	5	10	10	10
Danish	25	15	10	40	20	20
Dutch	190	90	95	245	115	130
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,075	485	595	1,585	715	865
Icelandic	30	15	20	35	15	20
Norwegian	10	10	5	15	10	5
Swedish	75	35	35	80	40	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	30	10	15
Yiddish	4,730	2,475	2,250	6,665	3,485	3,175
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	5
Greek	10,425	4,915	5,515	18,255	8,720	9,530
Indo-Iranian languages	37,260	18,705	18,555	49,790	24,980	24,810
Indo-Aryan languages	24,025	12,260	11,765	30,075	15,245	14,830
Bengali	7,295	3,620	3,670	8,080	4,010	4,075
Gujarati	3,290	1,600	1,685	3,805	1,845	1,965
Hindi	1,160	600	560	1,485	765	720
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	30	15	15	30	15	15
Marathi	65	35	30	80	40	35
Nepali	105	50	55	260	120	135
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	10	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,380	3,460	2,925	8,775	4,650	4,125
Sindhi	95	45	50	135	65	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	120	125	345	175	170
Urdu	5,350	2,715	2,635	7,070	3,560	3,515
Iranian languages	13,120	6,385	6,740	19,580	9,655	9,915
Kurdish	300	150	145	395	210	185
Pashto	675	335	335	875	435	440
Persian (Farsi)	12,150	5,900	6,255	18,305	9,015	9,290
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	60	50	145	80	60
Italic (Romance) languages	100,365	46,870	53,495	146,670	69,415	77,255
Catalan	85	40	45	90	40	45
Italian	27,910	12,205	15,705	32,365	14,310	18,055
Portuguese	9,655	4,555	5,100	14,570	6,930	7,640
Romanian	12,610	6,115	6,500	22,945	11,215	11,725
Spanish	50,085	23,950	26,140	76,680	36,900	39,775
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	25	15	10
Japanese	735	310	430	875	360	520
Kartvelian languages	65	35	30	75	40	35
Georgian	60	30	35	75	40	35
Korean	2,950	1,355	1,595	3,400	1,560	1,835
Mongolic languages	125	60	65	140	70	75
Mongolian	120	60	65	140	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	3,535	1,725	1,805	4,575	2,190	2,385
Akan (Twi)	370	180	190	440	210	230
Bamanankan	180	100	80	220	120	100
Edo	10	0	5	10	5	5
Ewe	75	30	45	95	40	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	355	175	180	440	210	235
Ga	10	5	5	15	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	10	0	5	10	5	10
Lingala	375	155	220	480	200	285
Rundi (Kirundi)	360	170	195	470	215	250
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	270	115	155	335	140	195
Shona	20	10	10	20	5	15
Swahili	275	145	130	380	190	195
Wolof	535	300	240	775	415	355
Yoruba	40	15	20	40	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	645	325	320	835	400	430
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	55	30	25
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	55	30	25
Sign languages	585	345	245	1,050	590	460
American Sign Language	45	20	25	70	35	35
Quebec Sign Language	245	130	125	455	230	225
Sign languages, n.i.e	290	195	95	530	325	200
Sino-Tibetan languages	41,620	19,770	21,845	56,635	27,025	29,605
Chinese languages	41,560	19,745	21,820	56,510	26,965	29,545
Cantonese	11,620	5,465	6,160	17,330	8,200	9,130
Hakka	105	50	55	155	75	80
Mandarin	26,080	12,475	13,605	34,295	16,475	17,820
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,410	645	770	1,780	810	970
Wu (Shanghainese)	580	265	315	755	345	415
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,730	830	905	2,160	1,045	1,115
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	30	120	60	60
Burmese	20	10	10	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	5	65	35	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	30	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages	930	455	475	2,045	990	1,060
Lao	810	405	405	1,875	920	955
Thai	120	50	75	170	70	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	3,620	1,800	1,820	4,795	2,380	2,415
Azerbaijani	65	35	35	95	40	50
Turkish	3,315	1,645	1,665	4,420	2,200	2,220
Uyghur	100	55	45	130	70	65
Uzbek	90	45	50	90	45	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	55	25	30
Uralic languages	1,335	565	775	1,885	825	1,055
Estonian	25	10	15	30	10	15
Finnish	35	15	20	40	20	25
Hungarian	1,280	535	735	1,815	800	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	95	55	35	105	60	45
Multiple responses	174,640	85,065	89,575	269,125	131,305	137,820
English and French	34,135	17,340	16,800	60,730	30,695	30,030
English and non-official language	38,285	18,350	19,930	50,935	24,565	26,370
French and non-official language	77,415	36,940	40,475	118,985	56,730	62,255
English, French and non-official language	24,805	12,435	12,365	38,480	19,310	19,165
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	4,053,360	1,982,260	2,071,100
None	1,358,395	658,445	699,950	3,138,775	1,528,660	1,610,115
English	164,875	83,085	81,790	313,765	159,265	154,495
French	156,830	77,375	79,450	247,580	122,255	125,325
Non-official language	183,265	88,830	94,430	274,120	132,890	141,230
Aboriginal	280	100	180	385	150	235
Non-Aboriginal	182,980	88,730	94,250	273,730	132,745	140,990
English and French	21,910	11,010	10,900	33,020	16,620	16,400
English and non-official language	13,995	6,950	7,045	23,200	11,400	11,800
French and non-official language	14,580	7,085	7,495	21,615	10,500	11,110
English, French and non-official language	905	470	435	1,295	660	630
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,591,005	770,805	820,205	3,319,405	1,614,050	1,705,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,425	741,020	786,410	3,188,850	1,552,825	1,636,025
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,198	31,716	27,061	33,040	37,389	29,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,625	741,070	786,560	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,873	28,718	25,306	29,665	32,824	26,822
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,319,250	651,485	667,770	2,825,595	1,405,535	1,420,065
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,843	31,722	24,323	30,834	36,170	26,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,220,350	562,060	658,295	2,452,585	1,109,840	1,342,745
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,964	2,979	7,393	5,943	3,836	7,574
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,076,775	552,940	523,830	2,335,685	1,199,875	1,135,815
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	31,811	26,411	32,153	36,210	28,453
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,590,985	770,725	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,526,955	740,630	786,320	3,188,425	1,552,245	1,636,175
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,670	50,317	37,410	44,742	51,915	37,937
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,527,150	740,680	786,470	3,189,055	1,552,325	1,636,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,155	39,256	31,292	36,157	40,802	31,752
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,318,335	651,120	667,220	2,825,025	1,404,810	1,420,220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,430	51,690	35,370	43,508	51,847	35,260
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220,065	561,415	658,650	2,452,910	1,109,715	1,343,195
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,727	6,430	8,832	8,050	6,985	8,930
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,076,765	553,085	523,680	2,335,665	1,199,715	1,135,955
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,754	49,167	35,982	43,247	49,826	36,298
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	451,850	249,200	202,655	1,032,045	563,555	468,490
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,182	50,049	44,352	49,292	53,860	44,640
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,105	69,189	53,395	60,760	67,966	52,092
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	85.8	90.2	80.3	86.2	90.4	80.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	69.1	73.0	64.1	70.7	74.1	66.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	14.2	9.8	19.7	13.8	9.6	19.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355
Without total income	63,580	29,780	33,800	130,555	61,225	69,330
With total income	1,527,425	741,020	786,405	3,188,850	1,552,830	1,636,020
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.1	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	239,230	118,900	120,330	431,255	201,835	229,425
$10,000 to $19,999	304,770	130,870	173,895	575,490	235,195	340,300
$20,000 to $29,999	235,475	104,545	130,935	465,445	201,390	264,050
$30,000 to $39,999	186,815	89,430	97,390	397,270	187,125	210,145
$40,000 to $49,999	152,610	72,485	80,125	348,385	166,795	181,595
$50,000 to $59,999	107,705	52,510	55,195	259,535	131,895	127,645
$60,000 to $69,999	75,560	38,430	37,130	186,985	101,135	85,850
$70,000 to $79,999	57,765	30,275	27,490	147,600	82,105	65,495
$80,000 to $89,999	40,455	22,220	18,230	101,535	59,265	42,270
$90,000 to $99,999	27,515	16,235	11,280	67,295	42,730	24,560
$100,000 and over	99,530	65,125	34,410	208,040	143,365	64,680
$100,000 to $149,999	59,525	37,210	22,315	134,980	90,500	44,480
$150,000 and over	40,005	27,915	12,090	73,065	52,865	20,205
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,591,010	770,800	820,205	3,319,405	1,614,055	1,705,350
Without after-tax income	63,375	29,730	33,650	129,930	61,125	68,805
With after-tax income	1,527,630	741,070	786,560	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.1	96.2	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	244,915	120,610	124,305	446,310	205,380	240,930
$10,000 to $19,999	317,790	137,530	180,260	603,035	249,060	353,975
$20,000 to $29,999	280,350	127,895	152,455	563,105	250,605	312,495
$30,000 to $39,999	233,885	112,565	121,315	513,345	247,595	265,755
$40,000 to $49,999	161,415	77,850	83,565	382,030	192,695	189,335
$50,000 to $59,999	100,755	51,380	49,375	251,595	136,730	114,865
$60,000 to $69,999	64,225	34,415	29,810	163,355	93,030	70,325
$70,000 to $79,999	37,685	21,995	15,695	91,425	57,255	34,170
$80,000 and over	86,605	56,830	29,775	175,275	120,585	54,690
$80,000 to $89,999	23,470	14,370	9,100	53,535	35,090	18,445
$90,000 to $99,999	15,190	9,590	5,605	32,550	22,020	10,535
$100,000 and over	47,945	32,870	15,070	89,195	63,475	25,720
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355
Without employment income	514,235	217,860	296,375	983,720	414,180	569,540
With employment income	1,076,770	552,940	523,830	2,335,690	1,199,875	1,135,815
Percentage with employment income	67.7	71.7	63.9	70.4	74.3	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	149,120	72,790	76,330	299,295	149,895	149,400
$5,000 to $9,999	93,250	43,420	49,830	184,940	83,240	101,700
$10,000 to $19,999	167,710	80,255	87,455	340,270	154,940	185,330
$20,000 to $29,999	139,770	68,060	71,710	284,860	131,565	153,295
$30,000 to $39,999	124,895	62,855	62,045	270,990	129,240	141,755
$40,000 to $49,999	100,740	50,140	50,605	231,135	113,170	117,965
$50,000 to $59,999	74,565	38,930	35,640	180,235	96,470	83,765
$60,000 to $69,999	55,000	29,590	25,405	137,210	77,190	60,015
$70,000 to $79,999	45,820	24,710	21,105	118,920	67,175	51,740
$80,000 and over	125,895	82,190	43,705	287,835	196,980	90,855
$80,000 to $89,999	30,005	17,920	12,080	76,195	48,370	27,820
$90,000 to $99,999	20,740	13,030	7,710	52,260	35,045	17,220
$100,000 and over	75,150	51,240	23,915	159,380	113,560	45,820
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	870,370	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,519	...	...	61,790	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,559	...	...	53,738	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	342,510	...	...	570,285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,642	...	...	33,081	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,860	...	...	29,617	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	527,865	...	...	1,157,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	81,109	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,917	...	...	69,635	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	870,370	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,614	...	...	82,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,682	...	...	66,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	342,495	...	...	570,105	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	42,387	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,940	...	...	34,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	527,885	...	...	1,157,200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	102,395	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,682	...	...	82,533	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Under $5,000	24,465	...	...	31,115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	21,890	...	...	29,850	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,235	...	...	56,095	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	53,475	...	...	82,840	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50,070	...	...	83,555	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,750	...	...	73,240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45,720	...	...	81,155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,060	...	...	84,995	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,110	...	...	84,255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,660	...	...	80,890	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	77,510	...	...	150,605	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	63,470	...	...	130,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,580	...	...	115,305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	43,035	...	...	99,710	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,265	...	...	85,240	...	...
$100,000 and over	184,085	...	...	457,820	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,300	...	...	161,115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	39,105	...	...	105,170	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40,015	...	...	105,180	...	...
$200,000 and over	42,665	...	...	86,355	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	870,370	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Under $5,000	25,565	...	...	33,060	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	22,120	...	...	30,330	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,565	...	...	56,650	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	56,115	...	...	87,175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	56,305	...	...	94,285	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,835	...	...	88,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	57,450	...	...	103,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	57,290	...	...	104,955	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	53,145	...	...	100,370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,970	...	...	97,330	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85,660	...	...	174,750	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	67,270	...	...	148,275	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,000	...	...	122,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	41,020	...	...	101,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,890	...	...	82,880	...	...
$100,000 and over	123,165	...	...	301,515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	52,170	...	...	139,215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	27,430	...	...	71,850	...	...
$150,000 and over	43,565	...	...	90,455	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	489,520	...	...	1,102,785	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,845	...	...	82,175	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,039	...	...	70,355	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	169,175	...	...	391,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,408	...	...	74,547	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,304	...	...	63,319	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	208,095	...	...	486,280	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,649	...	...	105,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,750	...	...	89,292	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95,475	...	...	194,800	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,168	...	...	54,054	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,426	...	...	48,837	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	489,420	...	...	1,102,830	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,221	...	...	103,883	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	83,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	168,840	...	...	391,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,556	...	...	95,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,271	...	...	75,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	208,250	...	...	486,710	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,472	...	...	128,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,758	...	...	102,314	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95,425	...	...	194,630	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,918	...	...	64,308	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,129	...	...	54,714	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	443,405	218,395	225,010	718,550	350,225	368,325
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,024	26,960	27,071	29,850	31,216	28,734
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	25,186	24,951	25,373	27,212	28,012	26,567
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	442,760	217,830	224,930	717,340	348,660	368,680
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,613	38,298	36,950	39,160	40,830	37,582
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,122	31,265	30,983	32,366	33,188	31,588
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,894,995	925,870	969,130	4,009,790	1,966,755	2,043,035
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,202,765	579,085	623,680	2,258,795	1,083,185	1,175,610
In the bottom decile	287,610	143,600	144,005	416,230	205,250	210,980
In the second decile	252,935	116,590	136,340	435,520	197,820	237,700
In the third decile	255,250	122,140	133,110	489,830	233,765	256,070
In the fourth decile	221,160	106,575	114,585	474,330	229,435	244,895
In the fifth decile	185,815	90,175	95,640	442,885	216,920	225,965
In the top half of the distribution	692,230	346,780	345,450	1,750,995	883,570	867,425
In the sixth decile	160,105	78,680	81,425	419,115	208,630	210,490
In the seventh decile	143,930	71,540	72,390	392,990	197,220	195,770
In the eighth decile	132,120	66,215	65,905	361,460	182,895	178,565
In the ninth decile	119,890	60,885	59,005	305,085	155,505	149,580
In the top decile	136,185	69,465	66,725	272,335	139,320	133,015
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,894,995	925,865	969,135	4,009,795	1,966,755	2,043,035
0 to 17 years	358,105	182,640	175,460	819,405	418,510	400,895
0 to 5 years	130,840	66,865	63,970	279,080	142,795	136,285
18 to 64 years	1,247,980	617,995	629,985	2,588,750	1,278,315	1,310,435
65 years and over	288,910	125,230	163,680	601,635	269,930	331,705
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	403,880	193,540	210,345	614,140	288,445	325,695
0 to 17 years	81,100	41,415	39,685	128,620	65,805	62,820
0 to 5 years	29,655	15,075	14,580	44,445	22,620	21,830
18 to 64 years	262,435	129,925	132,505	381,890	185,820	196,065
65 years and over	60,350	22,195	38,150	103,635	36,820	66,810
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	20.9	21.7	15.3	14.7	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	22.6	22.7	22.6	15.7	15.7	15.7
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	22.5	22.8	15.9	15.8	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.0	21.0	14.8	14.5	15.0
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.3	17.2	13.6	20.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	339,685	166,970	172,710	479,645	232,435	247,210
0 to 17 years	61,200	31,295	29,910	90,445	46,360	44,090
0 to 5 years	22,345	11,355	10,985	31,445	16,025	15,425
18 to 64 years	236,690	120,520	116,175	326,695	164,545	162,150
65 years and over	41,790	15,160	26,630	62,505	21,530	40,970
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.9	18.0	17.8	12.0	11.8	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	17.1	17.0	11.0	11.1	11.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	11.3	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	12.6	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.1	16.3	10.4	8.0	12.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,894,995	925,815	969,180	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090
Official languages	1,850,005	908,350	941,655	3,946,685	1,941,955	2,004,730
English	1,342,265	680,010	662,255	2,500,590	1,285,835	1,214,755
French	1,631,820	799,640	832,180	3,663,310	1,799,755	1,863,560
Non-official languages	900,345	433,465	466,885	1,332,070	642,340	689,730
Aboriginal languages	755	340	415	1,065	505	565
Algonquian languages	330	185	145	410	235	180
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	265	130	130	335	165	170
Atikamekw	10	0	0	20	10	10
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	30	100	50	45
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	40	25	70	45	25
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	75	130	50	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	25	0	35	30	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	30	30	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	40	30	10
Algonquin	20	10	10	35	25	10
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	370	120	250	450	155	295
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	335	110	220	405	145	270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	45	15	30
Iroquoian languages	45	35	10	180	115	65
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	35	0	175	115	60
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	10	10	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	899,645	433,150	466,495	1,331,075	641,870	689,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	188,110	98,615	89,495	271,775	141,620	130,150
Berber languages	18,525	9,830	8,695	24,835	13,075	11,760
Kabyle	11,195	5,980	5,210	14,590	7,710	6,880
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,440	3,905	3,535	10,385	5,435	4,950
Cushitic languages	1,045	510	540	1,105	535	570
Bilen	35	20	15	30	20	15
Oromo	25	20	10	30	20	0
Somali	975	460	515	1,040	490	550
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages	178,735	93,595	85,140	259,135	134,960	124,175
Amharic	820	405	415	980	470	510
Arabic	162,300	85,065	77,240	241,000	125,545	115,455
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	40	165	85	80
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	10	10	0	10	0	10
Hebrew	16,165	8,435	7,730	17,705	9,290	8,415
Maltese	10	10	0	20	0	10
Tigrigna	255	125	130	360	165	195
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	435	220	215	615	315	300
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,725	14,715	16,010	42,285	20,135	22,150
Khmer (Cambodian)	6,335	3,050	3,285	10,535	5,000	5,535
Vietnamese	24,615	11,780	12,835	32,090	15,315	16,780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	30	15	10
Austronesian languages	25,320	9,560	15,760	29,150	11,030	18,120
Bikol	105	45	55	105	50	55
Cebuano	715	260	455	915	315	600
Fijian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	445	160	290	500	180	315
Ilocano	2,270	825	1,440	2,450	875	1,575
Malagasy	835	405	435	1,450	680	770
Malay	715	290	425	985	420	565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	165	80	85	195	100	100
Pangasinan	50	15	30	55	15	35
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,770	8,440	14,335	25,560	9,430	16,135
Waray-Waray	40	10	30	45	10	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	150	175	415	200	215
Creole languages	70,350	31,455	38,895	108,785	48,755	60,040
Haitian Creole	2,895	1,370	1,525	4,400	2,020	2,375
Creole, n.o.s.	66,340	29,580	36,765	102,510	45,840	56,670
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,485	705	780	2,470	1,185	1,280
Dravidian languages	14,890	7,650	7,240	18,510	9,380	9,125
Kannada	365	180	180	395	200	195
Malayalam	395	225	170	485	275	210
Tamil	13,650	6,960	6,695	17,130	8,610	8,520
Telugu	835	485	345	890	520	370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	10	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	15	35	15	20
Indo-European languages	490,850	234,270	256,580	751,240	360,635	390,595
Albanian	2,065	1,045	1,025	2,880	1,460	1,420
Armenian	9,210	4,370	4,840	19,925	9,575	10,350
Balto-Slavic languages	53,575	24,605	28,970	75,250	35,075	40,175
Baltic languages	715	330	385	940	415	525
Latvian	240	110	135	275	110	165
Lithuanian	475	225	255	665	300	360
Slavic languages	52,990	24,340	28,645	74,470	34,735	39,740
Belarusan	190	80	110	310	130	180
Bosnian	330	150	180	580	275	310
Bulgarian	4,430	2,115	2,310	6,785	3,315	3,475
Croatian	1,795	855	940	2,800	1,380	1,425
Czech	1,275	575	700	1,665	765	900
Macedonian	140	55	80	235	105	130
Polish	11,085	4,910	6,170	15,340	6,880	8,465
Russian	30,185	14,095	16,090	42,245	20,025	22,220
Serbian	1,935	890	1,050	2,430	1,135	1,295
Serbo-Croatian	635	275	360	985	435	545
Slovak	850	395	450	1,235	595	645
Slovene (Slovenian)	570	270	305	900	445	460
Ukrainian	6,175	2,680	3,495	8,040	3,440	4,595
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	125	55	70
Celtic languages	280	175	105	375	220	155
Scottish Gaelic	85	55	30	105	60	40
Welsh	45	20	20	65	35	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55	215	125	85
Germanic languages	34,400	16,995	17,405	47,450	23,730	23,720
Afrikaans	230	165	70	300	195	105
Danish	450	210	240	590	285	305
Dutch	2,350	1,225	1,120	3,380	1,780	1,600
Frisian	0	10	0	0	10	0
German	21,045	10,415	10,630	30,070	15,095	14,975
Icelandic	95	65	30	100	60	35
Norwegian	300	135	165	355	170	185
Swedish	920	410	510	1,235	600	635
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	70	185	510	175	335
Yiddish	9,880	4,910	4,965	12,340	6,195	6,140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	175	75	105
Greek	26,310	12,845	13,465	49,445	24,590	24,860
Indo-Iranian languages	64,655	33,330	31,320	87,330	44,890	42,440
Indo-Aryan languages	43,825	22,985	20,840	56,910	29,560	27,350
Bengali	11,090	5,680	5,410	12,600	6,470	6,135
Gujarati	6,565	3,235	3,330	7,830	3,805	4,025
Hindi	11,865	6,415	5,450	14,950	7,950	6,995
Kashmiri	35	30	10	50	30	15
Konkani	115	55	60	145	75	75
Marathi	375	195	180	460	240	220
Nepali	135	75	60	355	190	165
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	50	30	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,800	7,135	5,665	17,580	9,550	8,030
Sindhi	350	160	195	470	225	245
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	925	440	485	1,285	595	690
Urdu	11,255	5,930	5,315	15,920	8,370	7,550
Iranian languages	21,235	10,575	10,660	31,700	15,960	15,740
Kurdish	675	340	335	980	510	475
Pashto	1,140	615	525	1,630	900	725
Persian (Farsi)	19,650	9,770	9,880	29,530	14,835	14,695
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	450	260	190	625	335	290
Italic (Romance) languages	320,755	150,495	170,260	497,655	234,820	262,835
Catalan	550	330	220	695	420	270
Italian	114,505	54,380	60,120	161,770	78,465	83,305
Portuguese	27,360	13,775	13,585	45,620	22,935	22,685
Romanian	22,115	10,440	11,675	39,265	18,875	20,390
Spanish	176,745	81,465	95,285	280,030	128,635	151,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	230	145	85	335	225	115
Japanese	4,275	1,930	2,345	5,465	2,505	2,955
Kartvelian languages	190	90	100	200	105	100
Georgian	195	90	95	200	100	95
Korean	4,930	2,315	2,620	5,795	2,645	3,150
Mongolic languages	205	110	95	235	115	115
Mongolian	205	105	100	235	115	120
Niger-Congo languages	26,800	13,565	13,240	37,280	18,580	18,700
Akan (Twi)	1,350	710	640	1,715	900	815
Bamanankan	1,305	685	620	1,805	935	865
Edo	145	60	80	170	85	85
Ewe	730	490	240	975	615	360
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,090	1,115	980	2,730	1,420	1,310
Ga	170	100	75	285	150	140
Ganda	30	10	25	55	25	35
Igbo	180	115	60	240	155	85
Lingala	5,470	2,455	3,015	7,670	3,435	4,235
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,510	715	790	2,235	1,045	1,185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,420	680	745	1,955	880	1,075
Shona	105	55	50	130	60	70
Swahili	2,985	1,500	1,490	4,240	2,070	2,170
Wolof	3,295	1,800	1,495	4,815	2,570	2,245
Yoruba	590	330	260	700	375	320
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,970	4,620	4,345	12,690	6,510	6,180
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	125	75	325	185	140
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	130	75	330	190	140
Sign languages	2,135	890	1,245	4,320	1,715	2,610
American Sign Language	300	125	180	465	170	295
Quebec Sign Language	1,160	435	730	2,545	905	1,635
Sign languages, n.i.e.	760	370	390	1,470	680	785
Sino-Tibetan languages	61,480	28,975	32,505	83,535	39,325	44,205
Chinese languages	61,355	28,905	32,450	83,340	39,220	44,125
Cantonese	20,895	9,735	11,155	30,500	14,230	16,270
Hakka	385	170	210	525	230	295
Mandarin	40,720	18,965	21,755	54,180	25,145	29,040
Min Dong	15	10	10	15	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,990	1,310	1,675	4,030	1,790	2,240
Wu (Shanghainese)	925	420	505	1,185	520	670
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,410	1,665	1,745	4,300	2,100	2,200
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	85	40	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	95	65	215	125	85
Burmese	70	40	30	75	45	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	25	0	45	35	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	90	50	45
Tai-Kadai languages	2,785	1,315	1,475	6,170	2,915	3,250
Lao	2,100	1,035	1,060	5,085	2,490	2,595
Thai	970	400	570	1,700	680	1,015
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages	8,200	4,105	4,100	11,490	5,725	5,760
Azerbaijani	400	220	175	450	235	215
Turkish	7,400	3,705	3,695	10,555	5,275	5,275
Uyghur	175	85	90	235	110	125
Uzbek	185	80	110	195	85	110
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	85	85	195	100	100
Uralic languages	4,905	2,205	2,705	6,965	3,215	3,750
Estonian	105	45	60	125	50	70
Finnish	270	100	170	370	145	225
Hungarian	4,525	2,060	2,470	6,475	3,020	3,455
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,070	590	485	1,445	825	625
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,085
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,648,430	803,195	845,235	3,696,245	1,811,975	1,884,270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	322,920	164,560	158,370	772,360	394,515	377,845
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325,505	638,635	686,870	2,923,885	1,417,465	1,506,425
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	246,565	122,620	123,945	313,545	154,730	158,815
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,187,260	582,140	605,120	3,002,625	1,476,535	1,526,095
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	644,680	310,250	334,430	936,305	452,805	483,500
Before 1981	141,755	66,725	75,035	207,840	100,575	107,265
1981 to 1990	74,335	36,560	37,775	112,945	55,685	57,265
1991 to 2000	108,760	51,330	57,430	163,525	77,675	85,850
2001 to 2010	181,195	87,585	93,610	272,725	131,570	141,160
2001 to 2005	74,840	36,150	38,695	118,885	57,445	61,440
2006 to 2010	106,360	51,435	54,920	153,840	74,115	79,720
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	138,635	68,055	70,585	179,270	87,305	91,965
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	63,060	33,425	29,630	70,860	37,370	33,490
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	644,685	310,250	334,430	936,305	452,800	483,505
Under 5 years	58,110	28,910	29,200	90,505	44,550	45,950
5 to 14 years	97,545	48,375	49,175	148,910	74,380	74,540
15 to 24 years	128,855	58,300	70,560	187,480	85,225	102,255
25 to 44 years	314,350	153,930	160,420	445,085	219,540	225,550
45 years and over	45,815	20,740	25,075	64,325	29,110	35,215
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	644,685	310,250	334,435	936,305	452,800	483,505
Americas	140,935	64,340	76,600	210,770	96,160	114,615
Brazil	3,960	1,865	2,090	5,725	2,750	2,970
Colombia	9,135	4,295	4,835	16,670	7,590	9,085
El Salvador	6,965	3,470	3,500	9,955	4,920	5,035
Guyana	1,825	765	1,060	2,430	1,060	1,370
Haiti	50,160	21,900	28,255	75,740	32,980	42,755
Jamaica	3,555	1,525	2,035	4,425	1,910	2,510
Mexico	9,155	4,205	4,955	13,080	5,855	7,230
Peru	7,400	3,280	4,115	11,910	5,355	6,555
Trinidad and Tobago	2,895	1,305	1,595	3,885	1,770	2,110
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,335	6,325	6,005	17,935	9,055	8,885
Other places of birth in Americas	33,555	15,400	18,160	49,030	22,910	26,115
Europe	172,245	82,670	89,580	254,860	125,050	129,805
Bosnia and Herzegovina	735	370	365	1,085	525	560
Croatia	1,075	540	540	1,590	815	775
France	38,165	20,010	18,155	56,805	30,005	26,800
Germany	4,240	1,780	2,455	6,595	2,890	3,700
Greece	10,320	4,995	5,320	17,885	8,790	9,095
Hungary	2,270	1,025	1,240	3,030	1,440	1,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	490	270	220	660	375	285
Italy	39,105	18,405	20,700	48,935	23,950	24,985
Netherlands	915	490	420	1,310	705	600
Poland	6,930	2,955	3,975	9,380	4,045	5,330
Portugal	9,480	4,385	5,100	16,460	7,960	8,500
Romania	14,250	6,555	7,695	26,145	12,405	13,745
Russian Federation	7,480	3,245	4,235	10,290	4,530	5,760
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	465	575	1,320	610	715
Ukraine	5,750	2,490	3,260	7,760	3,385	4,375
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,105	3,680	3,420	10,385	5,345	5,045
Other places of birth in Europe	22,890	10,990	11,900	35,225	17,275	17,945
Africa	143,550	74,055	69,495	204,635	105,405	99,230
Algeria	40,140	20,915	19,220	54,275	28,225	26,050
Egypt	12,710	6,535	6,170	18,495	9,675	8,820
Ethiopia	735	370	370	865	425	435
Kenya	425	205	220	635	290	340
Morocco	37,365	19,155	18,205	54,495	28,020	26,475
Nigeria	910	495	415	1,140	620	525
Somalia	440	205	230	475	235	245
South Africa, Republic of	505	275	230	670	365	305
Other places of birth in Africa	50,335	25,885	24,450	73,580	37,550	36,035
Asia	187,130	88,725	98,400	264,955	125,605	139,345
Afghanistan	1,490	735	755	6,150	3,070	3,085
Bangladesh	6,865	3,440	3,425	7,745	3,895	3,845
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	30,715	13,440	17,275	43,350	18,265	25,080
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,800	1,335	1,460	4,535	2,220	2,315
India	13,340	6,920	6,425	17,455	8,995	8,460
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,160	6,970	7,190	16,545	8,240	8,305
Iraq	1,980	1,035	945	2,945	1,585	1,365
Japan	1,150	300	855	1,435	345	1,090
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,800	1,265	1,535	3,620	1,690	1,930
Lebanon	20,015	10,680	9,335	35,765	18,940	16,825
Pakistan	6,725	3,550	3,180	9,515	5,015	4,500
Philippines	20,535	7,730	12,805	23,235	8,725	14,510
Sri Lanka	8,315	4,135	4,180	10,620	5,275	5,345
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,080	5,050	5,025	16,310	8,040	8,265
Taiwan	1,660	675	985	2,495	1,030	1,470
Viet Nam	17,845	8,295	9,550	23,465	10,865	12,600
Other places of birth in Asia	26,650	13,175	13,470	39,760	19,400	20,355
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	825	460	360	1,095	585	510
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	138,635	68,050	70,585	179,270	87,300	91,965
Americas	29,030	13,815	15,215	40,205	19,070	21,130
Brazil	1,730	870	860	2,260	1,140	1,125
Colombia	3,180	1,535	1,645	5,270	2,475	2,790
Cuba	1,265	650	615	1,950	980	970
Haiti	11,775	5,370	6,405	15,770	7,165	8,610
Jamaica	125	90	35	155	110	50
Mexico	2,595	1,215	1,380	3,465	1,610	1,850
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,510	1,415	1,095	3,300	1,850	1,455
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,125	540	585	1,725	825	900
Other places of birth in Americas	4,720	2,130	2,595	6,305	2,920	3,390
Europe	24,950	12,790	12,155	31,585	15,965	15,615
France	12,465	6,725	5,735	14,995	8,020	6,975
Germany	325	155	175	445	205	245
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	80	60	20	105	75	30
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	2,905	1,325	1,575	3,570	1,620	1,945
Romania	1,695	735	960	2,680	1,150	1,535
Russian Federation	1,445	680	765	1,805	815	990
Ukraine	1,640	750	895	2,155	990	1,165
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	520	345	180	710	465	250
Other places of birth in Europe	3,880	2,015	1,870	5,125	2,635	2,485
Africa	47,375	23,710	23,665	59,780	29,715	30,065
Algeria	13,150	6,440	6,710	15,030	7,355	7,670
Cameroon	4,260	2,085	2,170	5,695	2,770	2,925
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,655	785	875	2,115	1,010	1,105
Côte d'Ivoire	2,795	1,385	1,415	3,650	1,790	1,860
Egypt	3,215	1,720	1,490	4,185	2,165	2,020
Eritrea	45	30	15	45	30	20
Ethiopia	110	60	50	120	60	60
Morocco	9,615	4,790	4,820	11,850	5,875	5,975
Nigeria	400	210	180	445	230	215
Somalia	75	40	40	70	40	35
South Africa, Republic of	105	50	45	140	85	55
Tunisia	3,730	1,885	1,850	4,670	2,355	2,315
Other places of birth in Africa	8,225	4,225	4,000	11,765	5,950	5,810
Asia	37,060	17,590	19,470	47,430	22,385	25,050
Afghanistan	255	110	145	1,040	475	565
Bangladesh	790	415	375	840	445	400
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	7,780	3,565	4,215	9,820	4,455	5,365
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	25	55	95	35	60
India	2,395	1,295	1,100	2,870	1,505	1,365
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,745	3,180	3,560	7,090	3,345	3,740
Iraq	380	180	205	635	310	320
Israel	490	275	210	600	355	245
Japan	245	25	215	295	30	260
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	665	260	400	750	335	420
Lebanon	2,285	1,270	1,015	3,620	1,935	1,685
Nepal	40	25	20	70	40	35
Pakistan	1,095	590	505	1,570	800	770
Philippines	4,825	2,080	2,745	5,245	2,255	2,995
Saudi Arabia	345	170	175	425	200	225
Sri Lanka	685	300	390	855	375	475
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,980	2,030	1,950	6,350	3,185	3,165
Taiwan	105	50	50	120	50	70
Turkey	395	205	190	515	270	245
United Arab Emirates	205	90	110	280	145	130
Viet Nam	1,020	400	620	1,305	495	815
Other places of birth in Asia	2,260	1,050	1,210	3,030	1,330	1,700
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	225	145	80	265	165	100
Australia	115	80	40	140	90	55
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	105	65	40	125	75	50
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,894,995	925,810	969,180	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090
First generationCensus data footnote 69	719,985	350,065	369,915	1,025,695	499,825	525,875
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	404,595	203,185	201,415	651,190	328,560	322,630
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	770,420	372,570	397,850	2,332,905	1,138,320	1,194,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	511,335	247,530	263,805	741,595	358,465	383,125
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	285,275	147,400	137,875	408,710	211,560	197,150
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	141,270	84,080	57,190	194,940	118,480	76,460
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	144,010	63,325	80,685	213,775	93,085	120,690
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	139,475	55,585	83,890	204,725	81,180	123,550
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	78,760	40,880	37,885	117,890	60,855	57,035
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	7,825	3,670	4,160	10,270	4,875	5,395
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	13,100	6,090	7,010	34,745	16,500	18,250
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	12,325	5,735	6,595	32,560	15,500	17,060
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,905	2,785	3,125	16,130	7,715	8,415
Métis	5,745	2,725	3,025	15,455	7,425	8,030
Inuk (Inuit)	670	225	445	975	360	615
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	300	145	155	800	370	435
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	470	210	260	1,385	630	755
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,881,900	919,725	962,175	3,975,045	1,950,205	2,024,840
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,380	1,665	1,715	9,205	4,585	4,620
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,891,620	924,150	967,470	4,000,585	1,962,120	2,038,465
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,345	2,820	3,525	20,565	9,505	11,060
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,060	2,685	3,380	19,995	9,245	10,750
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,825	2,160	2,675	16,215	7,445	8,775
Métis single ancestry	905	430	475	3,200	1,595	1,600
Inuit single ancestry	330	95	235	585	205	385
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	285	135	150	570	255	315
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	85	95	445	200	245
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	95	45	50	115	50	60
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	39,260	17,620	21,645	97,280	44,535	52,745
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	38,625	17,315	21,310	95,715	43,740	51,975
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,525	15,010	18,515	83,645	38,190	45,450
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,530	2,080	2,445	10,940	5,060	5,875
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	225	345	1,140	490	645
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	635	300	335	1,570	795	775
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	240	250	1,260	675	585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	60	235	90	140
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	70	30	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,849,395	905,380	944,015	3,891,945	1,912,665	1,979,280
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,895	305,345	318,545	904,840	442,090	462,745
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	65,665	34,270	31,390	85,925	44,510	41,415
Chinese	63,465	29,420	34,040	89,400	40,890	48,510
Black	180,580	86,145	94,430	270,940	129,640	141,300
Filipino	28,680	11,625	17,060	33,050	13,455	19,600
Latin American	71,375	34,600	36,775	110,195	53,140	57,060
Arab	129,940	68,880	61,060	191,165	100,830	90,340
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	37,325	17,830	19,495	55,705	26,595	29,110
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	18,930	9,395	9,540	28,890	14,420	14,465
Korean	5,620	2,650	2,965	7,055	3,355	3,695
Japanese	3,060	1,175	1,885	3,810	1,465	2,350
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,545	2,630	2,915	8,290	3,900	4,385
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	13,720	6,720	6,995	20,420	9,895	10,530
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,271,105	620,470	650,635	3,104,955	1,524,615	1,580,340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085
North American Aboriginal origins	45,600	20,430	25,170	117,850	54,040	63,810
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,225	17,585	21,645	101,915	46,655	55,260
Inuit	1,145	430	715	2,155	875	1,280
Métis	6,150	2,850	3,295	15,920	7,565	8,360
Other North American origins	591,040	283,995	307,045	1,861,930	905,510	956,425
Acadian	6,570	3,030	3,540	15,285	7,135	8,150
American	16,130	7,775	8,355	27,335	13,110	14,225
Canadian	542,980	259,895	283,085	1,755,635	852,410	903,225
New Brunswicker	175	75	95	425	210	215
Newfoundlander	235	115	120	350	160	195
Nova Scotian	195	90	100	285	120	165
Ontarian	270	130	140	670	310	355
Québécois	37,925	19,190	18,740	92,115	46,380	45,735
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	40	135	70	65
European origins	876,355	429,400	446,955	1,721,335	849,240	872,095
British Isles origins	213,610	102,280	111,330	413,005	198,800	214,205
Channel Islander	220	95	125	450	220	225
Cornish	35	15	20	45	20	25
English	80,065	39,050	41,020	138,320	67,580	70,735
Irish	117,040	54,530	62,510	239,460	113,105	126,355
Manx	110	65	45	135	70	65
Scottish	71,115	33,825	37,290	124,130	59,280	64,850
Welsh	5,465	2,595	2,875	7,685	3,660	4,015
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,790	7,470	8,320	24,500	11,540	12,955
French origins	372,960	185,485	187,475	874,295	434,215	440,075
Alsatian	295	140	155	570	255	315
Breton	1,990	1,015	980	5,110	2,450	2,655
Corsican	650	380	270	910	520	385
French	371,250	184,600	186,645	870,245	432,210	438,035
Western European origins (except French origins)	82,830	39,975	42,860	149,330	72,310	77,015
Austrian	6,820	3,305	3,515	10,010	4,850	5,155
Bavarian	30	20	20	35	15	15
Belgian	14,125	6,890	7,235	31,840	15,635	16,205
Dutch	10,050	4,920	5,135	15,975	7,805	8,175
Flemish	445	230	210	790	380	410
Frisian	0	10	0	10	10	0
German	49,385	23,475	25,910	86,025	41,010	45,015
Luxembourger	355	175	185	570	275	295
Swiss	7,685	3,950	3,740	13,555	6,930	6,620
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	85	50	35	105	60	45
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,760	5,215	5,545	16,095	7,895	8,205
Danish	2,460	1,090	1,370	3,800	1,785	2,015
Finnish	1,520	685	830	2,105	975	1,130
Icelandic	515	270	250	670	355	320
Norwegian	2,860	1,475	1,390	4,415	2,190	2,225
Swedish	3,410	1,605	1,805	4,780	2,325	2,450
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	800	395	405	1,390	680	715
Eastern European origins	145,755	70,100	75,655	212,570	103,190	109,380
Bulgarian	5,500	2,610	2,890	8,360	4,055	4,305
Byelorussian	1,575	770	805	2,175	1,060	1,120
Czech	3,735	1,815	1,920	5,035	2,390	2,650
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,105	575	535	1,750	910	835
Estonian	630	330	300	790	405	385
Hungarian	16,875	8,270	8,605	24,505	12,150	12,355
Latvian	1,230	585	645	1,505	710	795
Lithuanian	4,225	2,105	2,115	5,710	2,845	2,865
Moldovan	5,110	2,490	2,620	7,220	3,525	3,695
Polish	46,865	22,825	24,035	64,895	31,730	33,165
Romanian	29,635	14,290	15,345	47,980	23,365	24,620
Russian	38,265	18,115	20,155	49,275	23,495	25,780
Slovak	2,405	1,190	1,210	3,875	1,955	1,915
Ukrainian	23,600	11,240	12,355	35,050	16,880	18,180
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,545	1,315	1,230	2,695	1,390	1,305
Southern European origins	273,825	134,115	139,710	464,080	230,520	233,555
Albanian	2,295	1,180	1,120	3,270	1,690	1,580
Bosnian	580	280	295	940	470	470
Catalan	470	245	225	575	295	275
Croatian	3,175	1,600	1,570	5,225	2,595	2,635
Cypriot	255	140	115	455	230	225
Greek	35,805	17,910	17,895	66,395	33,750	32,645
Italian	168,110	82,250	85,860	279,800	138,875	140,925
Kosovar	260	140	120	380	210	165
Macedonian	415	220	195	610	320	290
Maltese	605	335	270	920	490	430
Montenegrin	245	140	100	365	205	160
Portuguese	29,890	14,800	15,085	56,405	28,295	28,115
Serbian	2,760	1,265	1,495	3,625	1,705	1,920
Sicilian	550	290	265	1,070	525	545
Slovenian	1,360	645	710	2,150	1,040	1,115
Spanish	43,300	20,870	22,435	68,600	33,330	35,270
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,270	570	700	2,135	990	1,150
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	130	85	45	225	140	90
Other European origins	24,805	12,690	12,110	31,690	16,215	15,475
Basque	1,270	705	565	2,245	1,185	1,060
Jewish	19,845	10,105	9,735	23,675	12,110	11,565
Roma (Gypsy)	250	155	90	340	205	135
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	95	100	265	125	140
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,450	1,760	1,685	5,390	2,740	2,650
Caribbean origins	119,515	54,900	64,620	184,035	85,330	98,705
Antiguan	235	125	115	360	160	200
Bahamian	225	120	105	370	185	185
Barbadian	3,765	1,660	2,100	5,220	2,415	2,810
Bermudan	60	20	40	95	35	55
Carib	300	115	180	375	140	230
Cuban	4,820	2,310	2,505	7,840	3,855	3,990
Dominican	6,945	3,160	3,785	10,040	4,560	5,475
Grenadian	1,495	590	900	1,880	750	1,130
Guadeloupean	495	225	270	790	380	410
Haitian	82,000	37,695	44,305	132,255	60,965	71,295
Jamaican	9,595	4,440	5,155	12,750	6,060	6,695
Kittitian/Nevisian	275	130	140	340	180	155
Martinican	1,025	495	525	1,460	710	740
Montserratan	140	70	65	240	135	105
Puerto Rican	285	145	145	435	225	210
St. Lucian	530	260	265	790	395	390
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,325	1,940	2,385	6,185	2,765	3,420
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,285	1,345	1,940	3,965	1,665	2,300
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	3,795	1,665	2,125	5,325	2,440	2,885
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,945	1,350	1,600	3,645	1,725	1,920
Latin, Central and South American origins	85,035	41,350	43,685	135,405	65,570	69,840
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,405	1,635	1,770	4,805	2,255	2,550
Arawak	120	30	95	150	40	110
Argentinian	2,740	1,390	1,350	4,240	2,120	2,120
Belizean	25	10	10	55	25	25
Bolivian	930	440	485	1,330	670	665
Brazilian	4,350	2,105	2,245	6,440	3,145	3,290
Chilean	6,855	3,460	3,395	12,030	6,025	6,005
Colombian	12,530	5,945	6,580	22,910	10,695	12,220
Costa Rican	595	300	295	920	420	495
Ecuadorian	1,615	715	895	2,375	1,075	1,300
Guatemalan	5,830	3,000	2,830	8,745	4,505	4,240
Guyanese	2,465	1,205	1,255	3,380	1,680	1,705
Hispanic	590	320	265	875	445	430
Honduran	2,815	1,355	1,460	3,895	1,935	1,960
Maya	960	565	400	1,330	750	575
Mexican	13,835	6,685	7,150	21,130	10,245	10,880
Nicaraguan	1,500	755	750	2,200	1,060	1,140
Panamanian	830	425	410	1,330	695	635
Paraguayan	190	95	95	265	125	145
Peruvian	10,190	4,805	5,385	17,430	8,190	9,240
Salvadorean	11,535	5,710	5,820	17,300	8,580	8,720
Uruguayan	870	400	470	1,495	695	800
Venezuelan	4,020	1,830	2,195	6,670	3,045	3,630
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,410	1,730	1,680	4,960	2,495	2,465
African origins	224,260	115,410	108,850	321,450	164,810	156,640
Central and West African origins	45,140	23,345	21,795	64,810	33,310	31,495
Akan	395	210	185	535	280	255
Angolan	470	225	245	760	355	405
Ashanti	65	55	0	120	85	35
Beninese	1,885	950	935	2,860	1,520	1,345
Burkinabe	1,245	670	580	1,765	945	820
Cameroonian	8,790	4,475	4,310	13,390	6,755	6,635
Chadian	655	340	310	800	390	410
Congolese	9,960	4,845	5,115	14,455	6,970	7,485
Edo	95	50	40	105	65	45
Ewe	215	135	85	330	195	140
Gabonese	450	195	255	675	310	370
Gambian	80	45	35	125	70	50
Ghanaian	2,240	1,130	1,115	2,870	1,470	1,405
Guinean	3,080	1,630	1,450	4,355	2,310	2,045
Ibo	135	60	75	170	85	85
Ivorian	4,360	2,195	2,170	6,200	3,155	3,045
Liberian	60	25	35	95	40	55
Malian	1,815	920	900	2,510	1,255	1,255
Malinké	400	210	190	535	290	245
Nigerian	1,815	975	835	2,350	1,275	1,075
Peulh	1,310	660	650	1,735	890	850
Senegalese	4,070	2,220	1,845	6,020	3,225	2,800
Sierra Leonean	80	40	40	110	55	50
Togolese	1,865	980	880	2,830	1,515	1,310
Wolof	355	210	145	515	300	215
Yoruba	285	140	140	360	175	185
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	3,410	1,845	1,565	4,700	2,565	2,140
North African origins	142,110	74,140	67,970	201,520	104,860	96,665
Algerian	40,120	20,825	19,295	54,635	28,155	26,485
Berber	21,550	11,345	10,205	29,950	15,690	14,260
Coptic	375	210	165	660	365	295
Dinka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Egyptian	17,790	9,220	8,570	27,160	14,110	13,050
Libyan	770	410	360	925	505	420
Maure	355	205	150	415	235	180
Moroccan	53,670	27,715	25,955	77,450	39,955	37,490
Sudanese	215	110	105	280	150	130
Tunisian	12,870	6,975	5,890	17,645	9,565	8,080
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,135	1,205	930	2,900	1,620	1,280
Southern and East African origins	13,315	6,550	6,765	19,925	9,720	10,205
Afrikaner	75	65	10	100	70	30
Amhara	25	10	10	40	20	25
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	900	495	405	1,360	725	635
Burundian	2,015	970	1,045	3,070	1,455	1,620
Djiboutian	220	100	125	245	110	140
Eritrean	335	175	155	505	255	250
Ethiopian	1,130	565	565	1,370	690	675
Harari	15	10	10	15	10	0
Kenyan	300	135	160	465	235	230
Malagasy	1,490	750	745	2,625	1,305	1,320
Mauritian	1,735	825	910	3,315	1,545	1,765
Oromo	10	10	0	25	10	10
Rwandan	1,995	935	1,055	3,050	1,455	1,595
Seychellois	480	220	255	740	335	410
Somali	1,230	590	635	1,370	680	695
South African	540	280	265	700	365	335
Tanzanian	140	80	55	180	105	75
Tigrian	60	25	40	70	25	45
Ugandan	115	50	65	190	85	100
Zambian	30	15	15	25	10	20
Zimbabwean	225	120	105	265	140	130
Zulu	50	20	20	55	30	25
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	875	425	455	1,045	495	550
Other African origins	25,930	12,605	13,325	38,660	18,760	19,900
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,125	990	1,135	3,110	1,495	1,610
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	24,195	11,815	12,380	36,160	17,580	18,580
Asian origins	353,565	173,390	180,180	508,290	249,115	259,170
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	137,895	70,990	66,905	214,865	110,415	104,445
Afghan	2,395	1,205	1,185	9,215	4,695	4,520
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	27,100	14,270	12,830	39,245	20,565	18,685
Armenian	13,180	6,420	6,765	26,100	12,830	13,265
Assyrian	185	110	75	345	200	155
Azerbaijani	435	225	215	505	270	235
Georgian	520	245	280	560	260	300
Hazara	10	10	10	355	165	190
Iranian	19,670	9,825	9,845	23,410	11,770	11,635
Iraqi	3,380	1,685	1,690	4,600	2,320	2,280
Israeli	5,195	2,745	2,450	5,900	3,145	2,750
Jordanian	1,075	565	515	1,380	730	645
Kazakh	445	220	225	565	275	290
Kurd	1,395	755	640	1,875	1,020	860
Kuwaiti	55	25	25	80	40	40
Kyrgyz	210	115	95	255	135	115
Lebanese	40,100	21,075	19,025	68,765	35,925	32,840
Palestinian	4,555	2,330	2,225	6,345	3,255	3,090
Pashtun	340	185	155	490	270	215
Saudi Arabian	550	330	220	615	360	245
Syrian	15,765	8,050	7,715	24,690	12,460	12,235
Tajik	110	40	70	315	140	175
Tatar	650	315	340	835	400	440
Turk	9,590	4,620	4,970	13,570	6,685	6,880
Turkmen	25	15	10	35	25	10
Uighur	295	130	155	360	170	190
Uzbek	340	165	180	415	185	230
Yemeni	610	320	285	715	385	325
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,765	980	785	2,275	1,275	995
South Asian origins	68,825	35,490	33,335	90,815	46,525	44,285
Bangladeshi	6,115	3,155	2,955	6,920	3,555	3,365
Bengali	3,575	1,730	1,840	4,065	2,000	2,065
Bhutanese	0	0	0	95	55	35
East Indian	35,830	18,630	17,190	48,485	24,950	23,530
Goan	160	75	90	215	100	115
Gujarati	340	165	175	405	200	205
Kashmiri	230	140	85	260	155	105
Nepali	180	95	80	350	180	165
Pakistani	9,510	4,880	4,630	13,125	6,795	6,330
Punjabi	2,125	1,235	890	2,950	1,670	1,285
Sinhalese	205	85	125	275	115	160
Sri Lankan	11,255	5,590	5,665	14,595	7,205	7,390
Tamil	2,505	1,320	1,185	3,060	1,590	1,465
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,585	875	705	2,100	1,165	935
East and Southeast Asian origins	148,715	67,730	80,985	205,595	93,545	112,050
Burmese	175	100	75	245	140	100
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,745	3,775	3,975	13,500	6,435	7,065
Chinese	76,085	35,390	40,690	108,775	49,900	58,880
Filipino	30,545	12,430	18,115	35,685	14,620	21,060
Hmong	35	10	20	30	10	20
Indonesian	790	340	450	1,090	460	630
Japanese	4,025	1,580	2,445	5,320	2,135	3,185
Karen	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korean	6,035	2,860	3,180	7,625	3,620	4,005
Laotian	2,805	1,445	1,365	6,550	3,305	3,240
Malaysian	425	190	235	550	255	295
Mongolian	510	230	280	770	355	410
Singaporean	90	50	45	100	60	40
Taiwanese	1,365	570	795	1,940	825	1,120
Thai	1,105	450	655	2,005	805	1,200
Tibetan	40	20	15	65	35	30
Vietnamese	28,155	13,530	14,625	38,660	18,620	20,040
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	225	105	120	240	115	130
Other Asian origins	1,275	675	600	1,640	845	795
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,275	675	595	1,640	845	795
Oceania origins	1,870	1,005	865	2,450	1,300	1,150
Australian	1,240	705	540	1,645	915	735
New Zealander	265	130	135	355	175	175
Pacific Islands origins	425	205	220	525	250	275
Fijian	35	15	20	60	25	35
Hawaiian	25	10	20	45	20	20
Maori	50	40	20	60	40	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	130	60	70	165	75	90
Samoan	10	10	0	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	200	100	105	205	100	110
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Owner	348,230	...	...	961,760	...	...
Renter	522,140	...	...	765,550	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Condominium	161,045	...	...	276,455	...	...
Not condominium	709,330	...	...	1,450,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
No bedrooms	14,110	...	...	16,195	...	...
1 bedroom	254,690	...	...	342,680	...	...
2 bedrooms	292,930	...	...	545,750	...	...
3 bedrooms	216,835	...	...	530,465	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	91,805	...	...	292,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	467,490	...	...	712,775	...	...
5 rooms	163,460	...	...	297,900	...	...
6 rooms	79,935	...	...	184,870	...	...
7 rooms	58,855	...	...	174,360	...	...
8 or more rooms	100,625	...	...	357,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	845,575	...	...	1,695,935	...	...
More than 1 person per room	24,795	...	...	31,380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Suitable	799,140	...	...	1,629,720	...	...
Not suitable	71,230	...	...	97,595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
1960 or before	334,260	...	...	444,100	...	...
1961 to 1980	284,020	...	...	552,025	...	...
1981 to 1990	100,065	...	...	246,220	...	...
1991 to 2000	55,905	...	...	172,820	...	...
2001 to 2005	28,930	...	...	102,010	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,720	...	...	114,850	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	34,465	...	...	95,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	801,740	...	...	1,615,720	...	...
Major repairs needed	68,630	...	...	111,590	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	870,370	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
1 household maintainer	584,240	...	...	1,075,650	...	...
2 household maintainers	266,165	...	...	620,295	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,970	...	...	31,365	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	870,375	...	...	1,727,310	...	...
15 to 24 years	39,040	...	...	57,635	...	...
25 to 34 years	151,650	...	...	261,415	...	...
35 to 44 years	163,270	...	...	325,285	...	...
45 to 54 years	161,100	...	...	351,120	...	...
55 to 64 years	152,865	...	...	329,975	...	...
65 to 74 years	109,830	...	...	233,560	...	...
75 to 84 years	65,970	...	...	125,860	...	...
85 years and over	26,650	...	...	42,475	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	868,760	...	...	1,723,920	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	606,785	...	...	1,300,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	261,975	...	...	423,415	...	...
30% to less than 100%	219,820	...	...	366,775	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	348,225	...	...	960,640	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	59.3	...	...	64.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.2	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,218	...	...	1,181	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,263	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,785	...	...	300,794	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	462,244	...	...	366,974	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	522,140	...	...	765,480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.7	...	...	8.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.8	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	778	...	...	777	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	851	...	...	842	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,385
No certificate, diploma or degree	268,125	127,735	140,390	587,135	290,900	296,235
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	324,455	159,965	164,490	720,380	347,360	373,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	998,410	483,035	515,370	2,011,860	975,725	1,036,140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	158,510	88,680	69,830	453,190	265,055	188,130
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	115,485	59,085	56,400	326,580	168,805	157,780
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	43,030	29,595	13,435	126,610	96,250	30,355
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260,250	119,475	140,775	579,950	258,215	321,735
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	63,120	26,705	36,415	130,910	54,410	76,505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	516,530	248,170	268,360	847,815	398,045	449,770
Bachelor's degree	301,965	139,970	161,995	528,485	238,580	289,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	48,790	22,955	25,830	79,105	36,530	42,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,170	7,760	7,415	23,090	11,540	11,550
Master's degree	125,995	62,965	63,030	184,480	91,955	92,530
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,610	14,520	10,085	32,650	19,440	13,210
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,067,000	528,725	538,275	2,224,010	1,094,440	1,129,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,980	59,375	53,605	250,525	136,200	114,330
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	178,710	93,475	85,230	407,255	203,980	203,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,566,225	754,265	811,960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	119,695	65,705	53,990	348,335	199,005	149,330
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	88,605	44,645	43,960	253,945	127,500	126,445
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	31,095	21,060	10,030	94,390	71,505	22,885
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,940	84,760	93,180	410,280	186,760	223,515
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	47,550	20,660	26,885	98,575	41,605	56,970
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	430,130	204,745	225,380	709,035	326,890	382,145
Bachelor's degree	248,180	115,200	132,985	439,815	197,115	242,695
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40,235	18,395	21,840	65,055	28,760	36,290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,910	5,425	6,485	18,275	8,010	10,270
Master's degree	109,920	54,580	55,340	159,520	78,105	81,420
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,885	11,150	8,725	26,370	14,905	11,470
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,980	1,705,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	592,575	287,695	304,880	1,307,510	638,255	669,250
Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	120,880	25,970	94,905
13. Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	120,875	25,970	94,905
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65,705	31,355	34,350	103,170	48,270	54,900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,345	6,205	2,140	15,545	11,610	3,935
50. Visual and performing arts	57,365	25,145	32,220	87,625	36,670	50,960
Humanities	77,355	30,055	47,300	128,260	48,780	79,475
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,000	3,490	11,510	21,945	4,730	17,215
23. English language and literature/letters	8,220	2,515	5,700	10,360	3,130	7,225
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,880	11,405	16,475	56,980	22,770	34,210
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	285	105	185	460	190	270
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,830	2,990	1,840	6,480	4,015	2,465
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,430	1,705	725	4,400	2,815	1,580
54. History	7,040	3,975	3,060	10,360	5,820	4,540
55. French language and literature/letters	11,675	3,875	7,805	17,275	5,305	11,975
Social and behavioural sciences and law	141,250	52,575	88,675	234,420	79,835	154,590
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,010	530	1,480	2,795	755	2,045
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20,935	7,630	13,305	31,985	11,015	20,970
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,860	1,995	15,865	38,885	3,410	35,480
22. Legal professions and studies	25,305	10,650	14,655	43,265	16,645	26,615
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,105	835	2,275	5,055	1,220	3,835
42. Psychology	18,865	4,905	13,955	32,730	7,900	24,835
45. Social sciences	53,170	26,025	27,145	79,705	38,890	40,815
Business, management and public administration	228,555	98,790	129,760	477,965	191,800	286,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	95	145	465	180	285
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,680	2,520	8,165	20,690	4,510	16,180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	217,625	96,175	121,455	456,810	187,115	269,695
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,035	27,060	23,975	86,550	46,485	40,065
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,305	8,320	11,980	31,185	12,675	18,510
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,495	5,530	3,970	16,250	9,530	6,720
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,380	2,310	2,065	10,010	5,020	4,990
40. Physical sciences	15,330	10,085	5,240	25,535	17,325	8,210
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,525	805	720	3,570	1,935	1,640
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,280	36,525	15,760	95,595	66,870	28,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	41,680	31,280	10,405	78,525	58,820	19,700
25. Library science	3,625	755	2,870	6,265	1,145	5,115
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,135	3,855	2,275	9,415	5,845	3,565
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	840	630	205	1,400	1,050	345
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,710	137,995	23,710	382,755	340,875	41,885
04. Architecture and related services	11,440	6,565	4,875	18,520	10,775	7,740
14. Engineering	66,425	52,940	13,490	107,340	87,230	20,110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,465	21,825	2,635	66,270	59,520	6,745
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	15	40	10	25
46. Construction trades	22,655	21,670	985	75,145	72,735	2,415
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,180	22,285	890	71,430	68,890	2,540
48. Precision production	13,525	12,700	820	44,010	41,705	2,305
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,600	5,025	4,570	21,810	11,800	10,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,105	3,180	2,920	15,225	7,965	7,260
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,500	1,845	1,650	6,585	3,840	2,750
Health and related fields	113,455	28,650	84,800	235,450	50,145	185,305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,710	3,425	3,285	13,660	6,855	6,805
51. Health professions and related programs	101,665	22,475	79,185	214,940	39,595	175,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,085	2,755	2,335	6,850	3,695	3,155
Personal, protective and transportation services	44,270	23,130	21,140	124,745	64,800	59,945
12. Personal and culinary services	28,675	10,020	18,660	71,345	20,240	51,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	0	145	130	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	170	0	540	515	20
43. Security and protective services	7,455	5,825	1,630	27,020	20,855	6,165
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,905	7,060	845	25,695	23,055	2,645
Other	145	55	90	245	100	150
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	55	90	250	100	150
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,067,000	528,725	538,280	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	291,685	152,855	138,830	657,780	340,175	317,610
Education	37,035	8,115	28,920	84,415	17,105	67,310
13. Education	37,030	8,110	28,920	84,415	17,105	67,310
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	52,420	25,525	26,900	81,435	38,330	43,105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	6,460	4,740	1,720	12,080	8,815	3,260
50. Visual and performing arts	45,955	20,785	25,175	69,365	29,515	39,850
Humanities	53,455	20,955	32,500	85,820	32,630	53,195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,875	2,820	9,050	17,370	3,725	13,645
23. English language and literature/letters	6,265	1,920	4,340	7,925	2,370	5,550
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	16,240	7,070	9,170	32,665	13,835	18,835
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	190	70	120	315	125	195
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,530	2,200	1,330	4,595	2,850	1,745
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,565	1,100	460	2,665	1,750	915
54. History	5,260	3,050	2,210	7,585	4,345	3,240
55. French language and literature/letters	8,535	2,715	5,820	12,705	3,630	9,070
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110,575	40,835	69,740	185,650	61,720	123,935
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,665	445	1,220	2,300	605	1,700
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,580	6,520	11,055	26,610	9,250	17,355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,035	1,380	12,655	31,440	2,370	29,070
22. Legal professions and studies	20,640	8,225	12,415	35,260	12,700	22,560
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,215	615	1,600	3,470	850	2,625
42. Psychology	14,185	3,610	10,570	25,440	5,865	19,575
45. Social sciences	40,250	20,035	20,210	61,130	30,080	31,055
Business, management and public administration	184,055	79,015	105,045	387,215	152,480	234,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	90	120	375	145	230
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,555	2,030	6,525	16,705	3,545	13,165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175,300	76,900	98,400	370,130	148,790	221,345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	34,915	17,965	16,955	58,345	30,480	27,860
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,520	6,645	9,875	25,780	10,185	15,595
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,635	2,710	1,925	8,460	4,915	3,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,090	615	475	2,090	1,200	890
40. Physical sciences	11,490	7,355	4,135	19,280	12,690	6,590
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,180	635	550	2,730	1,490	1,240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45,775	32,340	13,435	83,800	58,935	24,865
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,730	28,385	9,345	70,765	52,980	17,785
25. Library science	2,765	645	2,120	4,910	930	3,985
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,625	2,845	1,780	7,080	4,285	2,795
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	655	460	195	1,040	740	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,855	107,035	20,820	300,560	263,550	37,005
04. Architecture and related services	9,630	5,365	4,260	15,585	8,860	6,725
14. Engineering	56,565	44,315	12,255	91,905	73,490	18,415
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,385	16,350	2,040	51,050	45,415	5,640
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	20	30	15	20
46. Construction trades	16,340	15,500	845	55,125	53,050	2,075
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,245	16,530	715	54,165	52,015	2,155
48. Precision production	9,655	8,970	685	32,690	30,715	1,975
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,060	4,150	3,910	18,090	9,490	8,605
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,570	2,475	12,430	6,230	6,200
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,020	1,585	1,430	5,655	3,260	2,400
Health and related fields	86,710	21,765	64,945	182,240	38,250	143,990
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,535	2,815	2,715	11,225	5,530	5,695
51. Health professions and related programs	77,255	17,060	60,195	165,695	30,185	135,510
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,920	1,885	2,035	5,325	2,535	2,790
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,345	18,150	16,195	98,445	51,210	47,225
12. Personal and culinary services	21,990	7,735	14,255	55,250	15,270	39,980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	105	90	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	330	310	20
43. Security and protective services	5,770	4,515	1,255	21,240	16,280	4,960
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,435	5,765	670	21,520	19,265	2,255
Other	120	35	90	215	80	135
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	125	35	90	215	80	140
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	592,575	287,690	304,880	1,307,510	638,255	669,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	998,410	483,035	515,370	2,011,865	975,725	1,036,135
Location of study inside Canada	766,825	365,725	401,100	1,697,795	815,200	882,595
Same as province or territory of residence	730,595	346,900	383,695	1,641,060	785,305	855,755
Different than province or territory of residence	36,225	18,820	17,410	56,730	29,885	26,845
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	231,585	117,315	114,270	314,070	160,530	153,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,020	9,365	6,655	21,200	12,605	8,595
Philippines	10,640	3,035	7,605	11,890	3,425	8,465
India	5,395	2,935	2,465	6,555	3,530	3,025
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,135	4,090	3,045	9,290	5,345	3,945
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,015	5,430	6,585	15,670	7,105	8,570
France	39,955	22,250	17,705	52,060	29,335	22,725
Other	140,420	70,205	70,215	197,410	99,190	98,225
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,067,000	528,720	538,280	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	291,685	152,855	138,835	657,780	340,175	317,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	775,310	375,870	399,440	1,566,225	754,265	811,960
Location of study inside Canada	584,410	280,785	303,620	1,308,105	625,310	682,790
Same as province or territory of residence	556,135	266,180	289,960	1,264,295	602,540	661,755
Different than province or territory of residence	28,270	14,605	13,660	43,805	22,775	21,030
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	190,905	95,085	95,825	258,125	128,955	129,170
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,570	6,575	4,990	15,300	8,755	6,540
Philippines	9,045	2,505	6,540	9,980	2,775	7,200
India	3,905	1,980	1,925	4,675	2,375	2,300
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,800	2,760	2,045	6,150	3,500	2,645
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,835	4,830	6,005	14,055	6,275	7,780
France	34,215	18,870	15,340	43,645	24,190	19,450
Other	116,535	57,560	58,975	164,330	81,075	83,255
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390
In the labour force	1,019,360	529,940	489,425	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415
Employed	927,720	480,600	447,115	2,026,050	1,042,240	983,810
Unemployed	91,645	49,335	42,310	163,250	88,645	74,605
Not in the labour force	571,625	240,795	330,835	1,130,070	483,100	646,975
Participation rate	64.1	68.8	59.7	66.0	70.1	62.1
Employment rate	58.3	62.4	54.5	61.0	64.6	57.7
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.3	8.6	7.5	7.8	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	3,319,370	1,613,985	1,705,390
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	553,110	233,515	319,595	1,079,655	459,175	620,485
Worked	1,037,875	537,220	500,660	2,239,715	1,154,810	1,084,905
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	466,195	258,815	207,380	1,058,010	581,140	476,870
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	571,675	278,400	293,270	1,181,710	573,675	608,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	42.5	42.9	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,019,360	529,935	489,420	2,189,300	1,130,880	1,058,420
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,225	18,855	18,375	62,055	30,975	31,085
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,085	471,050	2,127,240	1,099,905	1,027,335
Employee	861,390	435,915	425,475	1,874,025	942,805	931,225
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	120,740	75,170	45,575	253,215	157,100	96,110
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,420
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,375	62,055	30,970	31,080
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,080	471,050	2,127,240	1,099,910	1,027,330
0 Management occupations	102,460	62,870	39,590	227,820	142,060	85,765
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	174,400	64,685	109,715	376,215	125,565	250,645
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	86,460	67,345	19,110	167,705	130,895	36,815
3 Health occupations	66,460	17,440	49,020	144,610	30,460	114,150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	128,005	41,290	86,720	258,920	76,435	182,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	56,345	28,500	27,845	88,330	43,160	45,170
6 Sales and service occupations	244,935	124,900	120,040	516,405	248,265	268,135
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,995	74,080	4,915	244,585	230,175	14,410
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,615	3,825	790	14,645	12,195	2,450
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	39,460	26,150	13,310	88,000	60,705	27,295
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,380	62,060	30,975	31,085
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	982,130	511,085	471,050	2,127,245	1,099,910	1,027,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,570	930	10,190	6,500	3,695
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	790	280	2,845	2,195	650
22 Utilities	4,680	2,860	1,825	14,660	9,580	5,085
23 Construction	31,500	27,345	4,155	111,715	96,805	14,910
31-33 Manufacturing	87,555	59,285	28,265	213,815	148,870	64,945
41 Wholesale trade	44,740	27,130	17,610	98,870	61,920	36,955
44-45 Retail trade	107,155	52,620	54,535	258,950	124,575	134,375
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	44,395	33,130	11,265	105,915	78,785	27,130
51 Information and cultural industries	43,110	25,720	17,390	73,205	43,575	29,630
52 Finance and insurance	49,540	24,125	25,415	102,285	44,810	57,480
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20,385	12,020	8,365	38,450	22,435	16,015
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	107,075	62,855	44,220	189,640	107,460	82,180
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,525	630	900	2,650	980	1,670
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	52,300	31,480	20,815	101,355	61,125	40,235
61 Educational services	85,270	31,335	53,935	163,755	52,765	110,990
62 Health care and social assistance	118,530	28,480	90,055	259,490	51,230	208,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	26,285	13,675	12,605	47,925	25,080	22,845
72 Accommodation and food services	72,915	38,965	33,950	140,520	69,710	70,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	44,295	18,450	25,840	93,500	41,005	52,500
91 Public administration	37,320	18,620	18,700	97,500	50,515	46,985
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	927,715	480,605	447,115	2,026,050	1,042,235	983,815
Worked at home	65,840	34,655	31,185	135,485	68,835	66,645
Worked outside Canada	4,345	3,000	1,345	6,755	4,840	1,915
No fixed workplace address	74,690	51,335	23,355	179,780	131,690	48,085
Worked at usual place	782,840	391,615	391,225	1,704,035	836,875	867,165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	782,845	391,615	391,230	1,704,035	836,870	867,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575,810	278,865	296,940	818,885	383,115	435,775
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	134,040	69,050	64,995	237,270	114,220	123,045
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,715	41,695	28,020	642,170	336,070	306,100
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	2,005	1,265	5,710	3,470	2,240
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,883,820	968,565	915,255
Car, truck, van - as a driver	427,530	250,230	177,305	1,251,230	689,400	561,830
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	26,400	8,575	17,820	61,325	21,315	40,010
Public transit	295,860	128,960	166,895	419,765	181,435	238,330
Walked	69,410	31,975	37,440	98,075	43,715	54,360
Bicycle	30,645	18,895	11,745	38,060	24,295	13,765
Other method	7,695	4,310	3,380	15,365	8,395	6,970
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,883,815	968,570	915,250
Less than 15 minutes	130,495	64,645	65,850	341,880	157,795	184,080
15 to 29 minutes	287,415	153,305	134,115	601,250	309,540	291,705
30 to 44 minutes	244,380	130,560	113,820	489,215	269,020	220,190
45 to 59 minutes	107,170	52,160	55,010	235,360	122,950	112,415
60 minutes and over	88,065	42,275	45,790	216,110	109,255	106,855
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	857,530	442,945	414,585	1,883,815	968,565	915,250
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	43,455	30,780	12,675	144,135	107,900	36,240
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120,205	69,870	50,335	329,225	191,155	138,070
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	237,660	111,655	126,000	528,080	239,405	288,675
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	209,795	98,520	111,275	383,810	168,070	215,740
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	119,630	58,555	61,070	217,905	99,480	118,425
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	126,790	73,560	53,225	280,660	162,555	118,105
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,395
Single responses	914,950	471,330	443,615	2,038,685	1,044,910	993,770
Official languages	901,375	464,545	436,830	2,019,675	1,035,390	984,280
English	292,300	156,175	136,130	412,120	222,045	190,075
French	609,070	308,365	300,705	1,607,550	813,350	794,200
Non-official languages	13,575	6,790	6,790	19,010	9,520	9,495
Aboriginal languages	50	15	40	50	10	40
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	25	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	25	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	15	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	25	0	30
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	25	0	25
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,530	6,780	6,755	18,965	9,510	9,455
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,140	690	450	1,775	1,035	740
Berber languages	20	0	15	30	0	30
Kabyle	20	0	20	15	0	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,120	690	430	1,735	1,025	710
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,000	625	375	1,590	955	635
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	135	70	70
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	650	660	1,600	795	805
Khmer (Cambodian)	175	75	105	255	110	145
Vietnamese	1,130	575	560	1,340	680	660
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	60	60	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	110	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	60	125	260	80	180
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	60	120	245	75	170
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	150	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	120	70	55	150	75	70
Telugu	10	0	10	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,980	2,910	3,065	8,335	4,105	4,230
Albanian	15	15	0	20	15	0
Armenian	110	60	45	280	135	145
Balto-Slavic languages	885	400	485	1,045	450	590
Baltic languages	15	10	10	20	10	10
Latvian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	870	390	480	1,030	445	585
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	40	10	30
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	10	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	60	85	160	60	95
Russian	565	270	290	690	315	375
Serbian	10	10	0	15	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	70	105	40	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	755	300	455	1,110	470	645
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	15	0	15	20	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	65	110	205	80	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	20	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	545	230	320	860	380	485
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	160	150	515	260	255
Indo-Iranian languages	925	545	380	1,230	710	520
Indo-Aryan languages	435	275	165	640	365	275
Bengali	85	65	20	105	70	30
Gujarati	15	10	10	20	10	10
Hindi	30	20	10	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	150	100	420	230	190
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	25	75	40	35
Iranian languages	485	270	215	585	340	245
Kurdish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Pashto	10	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	475	270	200	575	340	230
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,440	1,550	4,140	2,070	2,070
Catalan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Italian	455	255	200	565	300	260
Portuguese	375	220	160	515	300	210
Romanian	230	105	120	310	140	170
Spanish	1,915	860	1,050	2,740	1,330	1,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	180	70	110	220	75	145
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Korean	275	140	135	295	145	145
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	35	105	35	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	30	70	10	65
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	35	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,000	2,045	1,950	5,850	3,005	2,845
Chinese languages	4,000	2,050	1,950	5,850	3,005	2,845
Cantonese	1,615	785	835	2,610	1,300	1,310
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,155	1,160	1,000	2,940	1,550	1,395
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	70	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	160	75	85	210	110	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	65	25	40
Lao	10	10	0	45	20	30
Thai	15	0	10	10	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	100	50	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	35	40	95	50	45
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	0	25	40	10	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	0	30	40	0	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple responses	160,020	84,100	75,925	269,880	143,255	126,620
English and French	144,525	76,125	68,400	247,545	131,845	115,705
English and non-official language	4,385	2,475	1,905	5,850	3,345	2,500
French and non-official language	3,725	1,770	1,960	5,600	2,610	2,985
English, French and non-official language	7,385	3,720	3,660	10,890	5,455	5,430
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,400
None	585,490	298,310	287,175	1,367,155	688,575	678,580
English	289,290	152,320	136,975	643,895	342,285	301,615
French	159,505	83,705	75,800	239,675	127,070	112,600
Non-official language	27,455	14,470	12,985	38,740	20,490	18,250
Aboriginal	120	55	70	170	75	100
Non-Aboriginal	27,335	14,410	12,920	38,565	20,420	18,150
English and French	1,145	535	610	1,500	710	790
English and non-official language	7,690	3,670	4,020	11,735	5,760	5,975
French and non-official language	4,370	2,405	1,965	5,815	3,250	2,565
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	45	30	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,872,860	914,480	958,380	3,965,040	1,943,840	2,021,195
Non-movers	1,596,465	775,885	820,580	3,475,585	1,702,075	1,773,510
Movers	276,395	138,595	137,800	489,450	241,765	247,685
Non-migrants	192,940	96,765	96,170	292,730	144,600	148,130
Migrants	83,455	41,825	41,630	196,720	97,165	99,560
Internal migrants	43,805	21,870	21,935	147,460	72,380	75,075
Intraprovincial migrants	35,005	17,190	17,815	135,765	66,160	69,600
Interprovincial migrants	8,800	4,680	4,120	11,695	6,220	5,475
External migrants	39,650	19,960	19,695	49,265	24,780	24,485
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,785,390	869,675	915,715	3,778,540	1,848,565	1,929,975
Non-movers	1,013,590	485,800	527,790	2,325,080	1,134,155	1,190,920
Movers	771,800	383,875	387,925	1,453,460	714,405	739,060
Non-migrants	487,230	242,160	245,075	799,790	393,045	406,750
Migrants	284,570	141,715	142,850	653,670	321,360	332,310
Internal migrants	126,750	62,015	64,740	458,665	223,760	234,905
Intraprovincial migrants	105,505	51,380	54,120	429,565	209,145	220,415
Interprovincial migrants	21,250	10,630	10,615	29,100	14,610	14,485
External migrants	157,815	79,705	78,115	195,005	97,600	97,405