Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,942,044	...	...	5,928,040	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,886,481	...	...	5,583,064	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	939,112	...	...	2,235,145	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	870,373	...	...	2,135,909	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,889.8	...	...	1,003.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	499.26	...	...	5,905.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,942,045	944,490	997,560	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290
0 to 14 years	304,470	155,320	149,155	985,615	505,690	479,920
0 to 4 years	109,740	56,060	53,680	310,070	158,835	151,235
5 to 9 years	104,385	53,250	51,130	338,320	173,665	164,660
10 to 14 years	90,350	46,010	44,340	337,220	173,190	164,035
15 to 64 years	1,313,915	653,520	660,395	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935
15 to 19 years	97,835	49,365	48,465	366,525	188,790	177,735
20 to 24 years	139,720	69,190	70,530	411,945	210,445	201,500
25 to 29 years	153,505	75,655	77,850	424,345	209,785	214,560
30 to 34 years	152,195	74,675	77,520	419,845	201,620	218,220
35 to 39 years	147,480	73,440	74,040	406,175	190,620	215,555
40 to 44 years	128,970	65,105	63,860	414,490	195,580	218,910
45 to 49 years	125,505	63,790	61,715	440,145	210,225	229,920
50 to 54 years	131,865	67,065	64,800	460,465	225,115	235,350
55 to 59 years	127,010	62,680	64,330	407,175	198,170	209,005
60 to 64 years	109,825	52,545	57,285	332,740	158,560	174,175
65 years and over	323,660	135,650	188,010	858,580	382,150	476,435
65 to 69 years	95,180	44,325	50,855	280,910	132,275	148,635
70 to 74 years	72,390	31,985	40,410	197,490	91,745	105,745
75 to 79 years	57,290	24,010	33,275	151,925	68,045	83,880
80 to 84 years	46,700	18,670	28,030	113,220	49,005	64,215
85 years and over	52,100	16,660	35,445	115,030	41,080	73,955
85 to 89 years	32,310	11,365	20,945	72,340	28,160	44,175
90 to 94 years	15,195	4,360	10,835	33,400	10,570	22,835
95 to 99 years	3,950	830	3,120	8,030	2,115	5,915
100 years and over	650	100	540	1,270	230	1,040
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	15.0	16.6	17.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	67.7	69.2	66.2	68.9	69.1	68.7
65 years and over	16.7	14.4	18.8	14.5	13.3	15.6
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	1.9	1.4	2.4
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	39.7	38.7	40.6
Median age of the population	39.1	38.2	40.1	39.4	38.2	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Single-detached house	99,485	...	...	846,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	126,600	...	...	626,905	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	643,860	...	...	661,955	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,185	...	...	158,815	...	...
Row house	33,500	...	...	195,245	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	108,890	...	...	89,975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	465,920	...	...	214,365	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,370	...	...	3,555	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	425	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	870,370	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1 person	342,510	...	...	519,795	...	...
2 persons	259,295	...	...	598,700	...	...
3 persons	118,645	...	...	373,775	...	...
4 persons	97,490	...	...	377,170	...	...
5 or more persons	52,435	...	...	266,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,895,000	...	...	5,862,855	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,637,575	789,170	848,405	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365
Married or living common law	799,705	402,505	397,195	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315
Married	579,130	290,175	288,960	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995
Living common law	220,575	112,335	108,240	291,240	147,925	143,320
Not married and not living common law	837,870	386,665	451,205	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050
Never married	585,780	308,260	277,520	1,537,495	798,270	739,220
Separated	33,630	14,010	19,620	130,030	51,235	78,795
Divorced	127,000	46,890	80,110	271,530	97,385	174,150
Widowed	91,460	17,505	73,960	245,200	45,310	199,890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	485,285	...	...	1,625,790	...	...
2 persons	241,425	...	...	682,915	...	...
3 persons	109,090	...	...	397,625	...	...
4 persons	93,220	...	...	391,440	...	...
5 or more persons	41,555	...	...	153,805	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	485,285	...	...	1,625,790	...	...
Total couple families	385,585	...	...	1,333,645	...	...
Married couples	275,400	...	...	1,188,130	...	...
Common-law couples	110,185	...	...	145,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	99,700	...	...	292,150	...	...
Female parent	81,190	...	...	241,820	...	...
Male parent	18,505	...	...	50,325	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385,585	...	...	1,333,645	...	...
Couples without children	178,105	...	...	509,835	...	...
Couples with children	207,475	...	...	823,805	...	...
1 child	82,305	...	...	312,605	...	...
2 children	85,985	...	...	366,295	...	...
3 or more children	39,185	...	...	144,910	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	99,700	...	...	292,145	...	...
1 child	63,310	...	...	173,080	...	...
2 children	26,780	...	...	85,025	...	...
3 or more children	9,610	...	...	34,040	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	488,715	238,040	250,675	923,210	415,830	507,380
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
One-census-family households	469,260	...	...	1,430,535	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	172,615	...	...	434,860	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	296,640	...	...	995,670	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,855	...	...	93,790	...	...
Non-census-family households	393,260	...	...	611,585	...	...
One-person households	342,505	...	...	519,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50,750	...	...	91,795	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885
English only	220,425	109,555	110,870	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880
French only	517,445	230,460	286,990	4,855	2,035	2,815
English and French	1,131,680	575,450	556,225	464,980	201,080	263,900
Neither English nor French	45,210	17,800	27,405	258,925	102,635	156,290
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,914,755	933,260	981,500	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885
English	543,485	270,085	273,400	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785
French	1,164,335	562,200	602,135	72,790	33,545	39,245
English and French	163,025	83,800	79,230	51,895	23,470	28,425
Neither English nor French	43,910	17,175	26,735	255,295	100,870	154,430
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	625,000	311,985	313,015	98,735	45,280	53,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	32.6	33.4	31.9	1.7	1.6	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,914,760	933,265	981,495	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880
Single responses	1,823,085	887,650	935,430	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090
Official languages	1,195,590	584,190	611,405	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970
English	307,080	153,045	154,040	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775
French	888,515	431,145	457,365	65,535	30,340	35,195
Non-official languages	627,490	303,465	324,025	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120
Aboriginal languages	580	205	380	575	255	325
Algonquian languages	310	120	190	400	175	230
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5	10	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	275	100	175	115	45	70
Atikamekw	25	5	20	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	40	10	30	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	15	10	10	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	50	25	30	5	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	10	0	5
Southern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	85	55	20	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	25	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	250	115	140
Algonquin	15	10	5	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	230	105	120
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages	10	5	0	25	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	25	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	210	60	150	35	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	170	45	130	30	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	20	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	10	15	10	5
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	80	40	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	626,905	303,255	323,655	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	122,040	64,460	57,575	140,140	69,950	70,195
Berber languages	13,915	7,405	6,515	220	130	90
Kabyle	8,560	4,560	3,995	105	60	50
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5,360	2,840	2,515	115	70	45
Cushitic languages	695	330	360	14,405	6,195	8,205
Bilen	15	5	10	80	45	35
Oromo	5	5	0	1,005	490	515
Somali	660	310	355	13,255	5,625	7,630
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	65	35	30
Semitic languages	107,255	56,630	50,625	125,160	63,435	61,725
Amharic	585	275	310	7,460	3,375	4,085
Arabic	102,805	54,340	48,465	85,175	43,805	41,365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	25	10,195	4,985	5,215
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	1,845	920	925
Harari	5	0	0	930	435	490
Hebrew	3,435	1,800	1,635	10,390	5,560	4,830
Maltese	10	5	5	3,525	1,730	1,795
Tigrigna	305	145	160	4,725	2,160	2,560
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	925	465	460
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	355	185	175
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,425	11,465	12,960	51,160	23,360	27,800
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,980	2,315	2,660	3,090	1,400	1,690
Vietnamese	19,435	9,145	10,290	48,005	21,935	26,070
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	65	25	40
Austronesian languages	17,455	6,340	11,115	160,980	63,835	97,150
Bikol	100	35	65	470	210	260
Cebuano	650	230	425	5,080	2,020	3,055
Fijian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Hiligaynon	370	120	255	2,320	890	1,435
Ilocano	1,910	695	1,210	9,415	3,685	5,735
Malagasy	445	200	250	25	15	15
Malay	455	185	270	4,420	1,995	2,430
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	180	80	95	1,305	580	725
Pangasinan	80	35	45	450	185	270
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,980	4,650	8,330	136,115	53,725	82,385
Waray-Waray	40	5	35	315	105	205
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	240	100	140	1,015	400	610
Creole languages	36,850	16,270	20,580	5,505	2,575	2,930
Haitian Creole	1,320	630	685	200	95	110
Creole, n.o.s.	35,015	15,370	19,650	3,380	1,600	1,785
Creole languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	1,920	875	1,040
Dravidian languages	11,900	5,990	5,915	133,415	65,680	67,740
Kannada	200	105	95	2,025	1,015	1,010
Malayalam	335	185	150	12,530	6,430	6,100
Tamil	10,860	5,395	5,470	109,580	53,225	56,355
Telugu	495	300	190	9,015	4,880	4,135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	275	135	140
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	328,955	158,575	170,380	1,372,335	664,655	707,680
Albanian	1,735	880	855	13,260	6,615	6,645
Armenian	7,455	3,530	3,925	12,570	6,070	6,505
Balto-Slavic languages	41,965	18,705	23,260	261,650	119,970	141,685
Baltic languages	570	200	365	5,445	2,185	3,260
Latvian	200	75	125	2,255	905	1,350
Lithuanian	370	125	240	3,185	1,280	1,910
Slavic languages	41,395	18,505	22,895	256,205	117,785	138,420
Belarusan	50	30	20	355	170	185
Bosnian	290	140	150	2,750	1,330	1,415
Bulgarian	4,300	2,060	2,245	6,945	3,350	3,590
Croatian	1,195	590	605	16,525	7,925	8,595
Czech	830	380	445	4,795	2,215	2,580
Macedonian	100	50	55	12,010	5,700	6,315
Polish	8,875	3,815	5,060	69,860	31,625	38,240
Russian	18,990	8,425	10,565	83,105	37,735	45,375
Serbian	1,490	725	765	21,420	10,425	10,995
Serbo-Croatian	480	215	265	2,420	1,130	1,290
Slovak	640	265	380	5,260	2,455	2,800
Slovene (Slovenian)	405	185	225	3,705	1,630	2,075
Ukrainian	3,680	1,590	2,085	26,550	11,840	14,710
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	510	265	245
Celtic languages	60	35	25	460	210	250
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	165	75	90
Welsh	15	5	10	150	65	85
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	10	140	75	70
Germanic languages	15,160	7,225	7,935	45,990	20,810	25,180
Afrikaans	70	35	35	985	475	510
Danish	205	90	115	1,570	710	855
Dutch	1,175	590	585	8,585	4,045	4,540
Frisian	5	0	0	135	60	75
German	6,075	2,695	3,380	29,425	13,140	16,285
Icelandic	55	25	25	85	40	45
Norwegian	115	60	50	380	170	210
Swedish	335	150	185	1,140	485	660
Vlaams (Flemish)	140	50	95	280	110	170
Yiddish	6,925	3,495	3,430	3,355	1,555	1,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	50	20	25
Greek	20,075	9,905	10,180	41,225	20,005	21,215
Indo-Iranian languages	52,615	27,185	25,430	589,495	296,750	292,745
Indo-Aryan languages	34,700	18,190	16,515	476,470	239,960	236,510
Bengali	9,620	4,915	4,710	38,325	19,275	19,045
Gujarati	5,120	2,515	2,600	64,115	32,120	31,995
Hindi	2,320	1,265	1,060	48,140	24,165	23,975
Kashmiri	15	15	0	275	140	140
Konkani	85	50	35	2,155	1,020	1,135
Marathi	195	120	80	4,465	2,270	2,200
Nepali	160	85	80	4,685	2,350	2,330
Oriya (Odia)	25	20	10	585	315	270
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,930	4,950	3,980	171,230	86,995	84,230
Sindhi	260	125	135	5,800	2,720	3,085
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	445	210	235	7,860	3,805	4,055
Urdu	7,520	3,925	3,595	128,845	64,790	64,060
Iranian languages	17,675	8,860	8,815	111,100	55,775	55,330
Kurdish	580	305	275	2,775	1,555	1,220
Pashto	905	480	425	7,685	3,960	3,730
Persian (Farsi)	16,185	8,070	8,110	100,640	50,255	50,380
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	1,920	1,020	910
Italic (Romance) languages	189,890	91,115	98,770	407,685	194,225	213,460
Catalan	215	105	110	165	90	75
Italian	74,490	35,605	38,880	151,415	72,645	78,770
Portuguese	18,525	8,890	9,640	104,305	50,075	54,235
Romanian	18,370	8,715	9,650	25,075	11,670	13,400
Spanish	78,220	37,760	40,460	126,500	59,645	66,860
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	225	105	125
Japanese	1,705	545	1,165	9,650	3,370	6,280
Kartvelian languages	140	70	75	1,110	595	515
Georgian	140	65	75	1,110	595	515
Korean	4,155	1,865	2,290	55,005	25,250	29,750
Mongolic languages	155	65	90	345	155	190
Mongolian	155	65	90	345	155	190
Niger-Congo languages	13,995	7,115	6,880	24,130	11,310	12,820
Akan (Twi)	790	390	400	8,490	3,905	4,580
Bamanankan	695	395	305	60	30	30
Edo	60	35	20	1,020	410	610
Ewe	330	180	145	370	185	190
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,185	615	570	220	115	105
Ga	55	25	30	440	200	245
Ganda	10	5	5	515	245	270
Igbo	80	45	35	1,520	775	750
Lingala	1,520	695	825	375	175	200
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,185	570	620	355	165	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,025	460	565	380	175	210
Shona	55	30	25	680	325	355
Swahili	895	425	470	3,215	1,495	1,715
Wolof	1,720	935	785	160	90	80
Yoruba	165	95	65	3,380	1,720	1,655
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,220	2,195	2,025	2,945	1,310	1,635
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	70	50	360	200	160
Dinka	0	5	0	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	315	170	145
Sign languages	415	220	195	1,220	665	555
American Sign Language	35	20	15	470	250	220
Quebec Sign Language	185	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	750	420	330
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,755	24,555	28,200	516,670	239,930	276,740
Chinese languages	52,615	24,480	28,130	510,185	236,775	273,415
Cantonese	15,850	7,470	8,385	247,710	115,020	132,680
Hakka	300	130	165	6,495	2,915	3,580
Mandarin	30,720	14,205	16,515	227,085	105,655	121,435
Min Dong	20	10	10	765	370	395
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,100	1,300	11,580	5,345	6,235
Wu (Shanghainese)	750	325	425	5,290	2,380	2,910
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,200	1,305	11,075	4,995	6,080
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	190	95	95
Tibeto-Burman languages	140	75	70	6,485	3,160	3,325
Burmese	45	15	30	1,005	450	555
Karenic languages	0	0	0	265	125	140
Tibetan	35	20	15	4,875	2,410	2,470
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	335	175	160
Tai-Kadai languages	1,845	830	1,020	3,935	1,600	2,340
Lao	1,495	740	755	2,275	1,095	1,180
Thai	350	90	260	1,640	495	1,145
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	25	10	15
Turkic languages	5,555	2,835	2,720	16,700	8,685	8,015
Azerbaijani	205	115	90	1,615	865	745
Turkish	4,935	2,520	2,410	13,700	7,145	6,550
Uyghur	140	75	75	385	195	195
Uzbek	120	60	60	595	300	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	65	85	405	180	225
Uralic languages	4,020	1,775	2,245	24,330	10,880	13,455
Estonian	150	60	90	2,685	1,100	1,585
Finnish	220	70	150	2,515	1,010	1,505
Hungarian	3,650	1,650	2,005	19,130	8,765	10,360
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	180	960	495	465
Multiple responses	91,675	45,610	46,070	237,755	114,960	122,795
English and French	25,185	12,820	12,370	14,945	6,895	8,050
English and non-official language	18,760	9,105	9,655	210,320	102,445	107,880
French and non-official language	37,330	18,385	18,945	6,050	2,715	3,330
English, French and non-official language	10,410	5,305	5,100	6,440	2,910	3,535
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880
Single responses	1,740,120	848,190	891,920	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730
Official languages	1,390,200	681,120	709,085	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995
English	437,070	216,650	220,420	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970
French	953,130	464,465	488,665	29,795	13,770	16,030
Non-official languages	349,915	167,075	182,835	1,455,335	688,605	766,730
Aboriginal languages	230	100	130	160	85	80
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	80	40	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	60	70	20	10	10
Atikamekw	5	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	5	15	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	5	5	5
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	45	20	20
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	35	20	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	25	45	10	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	40	15	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	5	5	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	50	25	30
Non-Aboriginal languages	349,685	166,975	182,705	1,455,175	688,520	766,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	58,305	29,780	28,525	74,095	35,480	38,615
Berber languages	5,315	2,790	2,525	65	30	30
Kabyle	3,640	1,920	1,720	35	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	1,675	875	800	35	15	15
Cushitic languages	335	145	195	8,380	3,530	4,850
Bilen	5	0	5	40	15	20
Oromo	5	0	0	545	250	290
Somali	325	135	185	7,765	3,250	4,520
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	30	15	20
Semitic languages	52,600	26,815	25,780	65,465	31,830	33,635
Amharic	290	130	155	3,815	1,680	2,135
Arabic	50,575	25,800	24,770	45,020	22,145	22,875
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	6,790	3,255	3,535
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	1,095	535	560
Harari	5	0	0	520	235	285
Hebrew	1,500	775	730	4,395	2,265	2,135
Maltese	0	0	0	875	395	475
Tigrigna	180	85	95	2,480	1,085	1,395
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	480	225	250
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	185	90	95
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,930	8,340	9,585	33,450	15,260	18,190
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,120	1,425	1,695	1,655	725	935
Vietnamese	14,805	6,915	7,890	31,760	14,525	17,235
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	20
Austronesian languages	8,615	3,420	5,190	72,495	30,930	41,570
Bikol	10	5	5	85	35	45
Cebuano	210	90	115	1,875	810	1,065
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Hiligaynon	115	50	65	780	335	445
Ilocano	695	285	410	3,455	1,480	1,970
Malagasy	135	70	65	10	5	5
Malay	130	70	65	1,455	705	750
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	30	25	405	180	225
Pangasinan	15	5	5	80	35	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,195	2,795	4,400	63,985	27,170	36,815
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	75	30	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	285	135	150
Creole languages	14,360	6,180	8,180	2,845	1,315	1,535
Haitian Creole	570	260	305	120	55	60
Creole, n.o.s.	13,580	5,825	7,755	1,950	900	1,050
Creole languages, n.i.e.	210	95	115	780	355	425
Dravidian languages	9,265	4,605	4,665	88,295	42,605	45,695
Kannada	120	70	55	830	415	410
Malayalam	155	75	80	6,400	3,260	3,140
Tamil	8,700	4,290	4,415	76,095	36,265	39,830
Telugu	280	165	115	4,870	2,615	2,255
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	95	40	50
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	185,570	88,155	97,420	723,495	347,435	376,055
Albanian	990	485	505	6,385	3,195	3,190
Armenian	5,185	2,375	2,810	7,475	3,530	3,940
Balto-Slavic languages	25,165	11,655	13,510	135,230	63,280	71,950
Baltic languages	135	55	85	1,640	680	960
Latvian	55	30	30	600	245	355
Lithuanian	80	30	55	1,045	440	605
Slavic languages	25,025	11,605	13,430	133,590	62,600	70,995
Belarusan	15	10	10	125	60	65
Bosnian	165	75	90	1,330	645	690
Bulgarian	3,115	1,500	1,610	3,860	1,875	1,980
Croatian	520	240	280	5,940	2,845	3,095
Czech	245	115	135	1,415	685	730
Macedonian	60	30	30	4,970	2,355	2,615
Polish	3,985	1,770	2,210	33,325	15,550	17,775
Russian	13,830	6,450	7,385	53,675	24,950	28,720
Serbian	870	430	445	12,200	5,910	6,290
Serbo-Croatian	200	90	110	935	435	500
Slovak	135	65	75	2,290	1,115	1,175
Slovene (Slovenian)	130	55	80	890	385	500
Ukrainian	1,725	765	955	12,515	5,720	6,790
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	135	55	80
Celtic languages	10	10	5	65	35	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	25	15	10
Welsh	0	0	0	20	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	25	10	10
Germanic languages	6,165	3,130	3,035	5,315	2,430	2,885
Afrikaans	10	5	5	265	125	145
Danish	25	15	10	135	65	75
Dutch	190	90	95	655	300	350
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	1,075	485	595	3,590	1,625	1,965
Icelandic	30	15	20	20	5	15
Norwegian	10	10	5	45	15	20
Swedish	75	35	35	220	100	120
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	25	15	10
Yiddish	4,730	2,475	2,250	350	175	175
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	10	5	0
Greek	10,425	4,915	5,515	16,940	7,905	9,035
Indo-Iranian languages	37,260	18,705	18,555	367,340	181,800	185,540
Indo-Aryan languages	24,025	12,260	11,765	292,940	145,580	147,360
Bengali	7,295	3,620	3,670	24,615	12,140	12,470
Gujarati	3,290	1,600	1,685	38,265	18,750	19,515
Hindi	1,160	600	560	23,995	11,925	12,065
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	25	25
Konkani	30	15	15	440	215	230
Marathi	65	35	30	2,000	1,030	970
Nepali	105	50	55	3,085	1,560	1,525
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	270	135	140
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,380	3,460	2,925	116,045	58,355	57,690
Sindhi	95	45	50	2,485	1,140	1,350
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	120	125	3,580	1,750	1,825
Urdu	5,350	2,715	2,635	78,105	38,560	39,550
Iranian languages	13,120	6,385	6,740	73,635	35,825	37,805
Kurdish	300	150	145	1,470	795	675
Pashto	675	335	335	4,850	2,430	2,415
Persian (Farsi)	12,150	5,900	6,255	67,315	32,600	34,715
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	60	50	770	395	375
Italic (Romance) languages	100,365	46,870	53,495	184,745	85,260	99,480
Catalan	85	40	45	80	40	45
Italian	27,910	12,205	15,705	51,815	22,250	29,560
Portuguese	9,655	4,555	5,100	50,210	24,070	26,135
Romanian	12,610	6,115	6,500	12,200	5,660	6,540
Spanish	50,085	23,950	26,140	70,370	33,205	37,165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	65	30	35
Japanese	735	310	430	4,550	1,950	2,600
Kartvelian languages	65	35	30	745	405	335
Georgian	60	30	35	745	405	335
Korean	2,950	1,355	1,595	38,435	17,960	20,475
Mongolic languages	125	60	65	200	100	95
Mongolian	120	60	65	200	100	95
Niger-Congo languages	3,535	1,725	1,805	8,925	3,985	4,945
Akan (Twi)	370	180	190	4,040	1,745	2,300
Bamanankan	180	100	80	15	10	10
Edo	10	0	5	295	115	175
Ewe	75	30	45	95	40	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	355	175	180	75	35	40
Ga	10	5	5	150	65	85
Ganda	0	0	0	155	70	85
Igbo	10	0	5	410	205	205
Lingala	375	155	220	95	40	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	360	170	195	125	60	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	270	115	155	115	50	65
Shona	20	10	10	235	115	125
Swahili	275	145	130	1,225	540	690
Wolof	535	300	240	80	45	35
Yoruba	40	15	20	1,080	520	560
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	645	325	320	735	330	405
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	90	45	45
Dinka	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	75	40	40
Sign languages	585	345	245	1,910	1,085	825
American Sign Language	45	20	25	720	375	345
Quebec Sign Language	245	130	125	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	290	195	95	1,190	710	480
Sino-Tibetan languages	41,620	19,770	21,845	385,150	180,140	205,005
Chinese languages	41,560	19,745	21,820	380,550	177,880	202,675
Cantonese	11,620	5,465	6,160	182,755	84,030	98,725
Hakka	105	50	55	2,725	1,240	1,490
Mandarin	26,080	12,475	13,605	179,665	85,535	94,135
Min Dong	0	0	0	240	105	135
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,410	645	770	5,065	2,315	2,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	580	265	315	3,130	1,465	1,665
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,730	830	905	6,890	3,155	3,735
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	85	35	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	30	4,595	2,265	2,330
Burmese	20	10	10	575	260	310
Karenic languages	0	0	0	215	105	110
Tibetan	15	5	5	3,705	1,845	1,860
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	100	55	50
Tai-Kadai languages	930	455	475	1,635	765	865
Lao	810	405	405	1,050	505	540
Thai	120	50	75	575	255	320
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages	3,620	1,800	1,820	9,495	4,755	4,740
Azerbaijani	65	35	35	645	325	320
Turkish	3,315	1,645	1,665	8,155	4,070	4,090
Uyghur	100	55	45	225	120	105
Uzbek	90	45	50	315	165	145
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	150	70	80
Uralic languages	1,335	565	775	9,040	4,135	4,900
Estonian	25	10	15	650	240	410
Finnish	35	15	20	510	220	290
Hungarian	1,280	535	735	7,875	3,680	4,200
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	95	55	35	320	165	155
Multiple responses	174,640	85,065	89,575	561,765	270,615	291,155
English and French	34,135	17,340	16,800	13,015	5,965	7,055
English and non-official language	38,285	18,350	19,930	535,630	258,900	276,730
French and non-official language	77,415	36,940	40,475	2,390	1,055	1,340
English, French and non-official language	24,805	12,435	12,365	10,730	4,700	6,035
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885
None	1,358,395	658,445	699,950	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850
English	164,875	83,085	81,790	594,565	291,580	302,985
French	156,830	77,375	79,450	52,850	22,910	29,940
Non-official language	183,265	88,830	94,430	720,320	342,165	378,160
Aboriginal	280	100	180	480	205	275
Non-Aboriginal	182,980	88,730	94,250	719,840	341,955	377,885
English and French	21,910	11,010	10,900	4,015	1,855	2,165
English and non-official language	13,995	6,950	7,045	13,540	6,615	6,925
French and non-official language	14,580	7,085	7,495	8,355	3,630	4,730
English, French and non-official language	905	470	435	255	120	135
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,591,005	770,805	820,205	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,425	741,020	786,410	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,198	31,716	27,061	31,705	36,559	28,070
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,625	741,070	786,560	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,873	28,718	25,306	29,242	33,167	26,233
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,319,250	651,485	667,770	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,843	31,722	24,323	32,705	38,299	28,006
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,220,350	562,060	658,295	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,964	2,979	7,393	2,205	1,016	3,814
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,076,775	552,940	523,830	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	31,811	26,411	34,838	39,549	30,701
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,590,985	770,725	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,526,955	740,630	786,320	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,670	50,317	37,410	50,479	60,343	41,343
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,527,150	740,680	786,470	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,155	39,256	31,292	40,565	47,026	34,582
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,318,335	651,120	667,220	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,430	51,690	35,370	52,042	62,785	41,617
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220,065	561,415	658,650	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,727	6,430	8,832	6,392	5,530	7,071
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,076,765	553,085	523,680	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,754	49,167	35,982	51,801	61,164	42,171
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	451,850	249,200	202,655	1,645,880	909,065	736,815
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,182	50,049	44,352	56,454	60,974	51,880
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,105	69,189	53,395	74,722	84,091	63,161
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	85.8	90.2	80.3	90.9	93.9	86.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	69.1	73.0	64.1	76.5	79.7	72.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	14.2	9.8	19.7	9.1	6.1	13.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895
Without total income	63,580	29,780	33,800	247,145	117,900	129,245
With total income	1,527,425	741,020	786,405	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.9	94.9	95.0	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	239,230	118,900	120,330	816,625	368,835	447,795
$10,000 to $19,999	304,770	130,870	173,895	824,160	348,745	475,420
$20,000 to $29,999	235,475	104,545	130,935	589,070	254,985	334,085
$30,000 to $39,999	186,815	89,430	97,390	463,975	209,685	254,290
$40,000 to $49,999	152,610	72,485	80,125	407,495	189,100	218,390
$50,000 to $59,999	107,705	52,510	55,195	325,105	158,480	166,620
$60,000 to $69,999	75,560	38,430	37,130	258,085	134,225	123,855
$70,000 to $79,999	57,765	30,275	27,490	203,100	111,065	92,035
$80,000 to $89,999	40,455	22,220	18,230	161,920	90,560	71,355
$90,000 to $99,999	27,515	16,235	11,280	137,570	73,985	63,585
$100,000 and over	99,530	65,125	34,410	444,845	287,620	157,225
$100,000 to $149,999	59,525	37,210	22,315	272,905	168,210	104,700
$150,000 and over	40,005	27,915	12,090	171,935	119,415	52,525
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,591,010	770,800	820,205	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Without after-tax income	63,375	29,730	33,650	246,350	117,700	128,650
With after-tax income	1,527,630	741,070	786,560	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.0	95.0	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	244,915	120,610	124,305	830,700	373,605	457,095
$10,000 to $19,999	317,790	137,530	180,260	856,665	364,095	492,575
$20,000 to $29,999	280,350	127,895	152,455	673,015	294,190	378,830
$30,000 to $39,999	233,885	112,565	121,315	552,905	254,030	298,870
$40,000 to $49,999	161,415	77,850	83,565	472,370	226,445	245,925
$50,000 to $59,999	100,755	51,380	49,375	348,665	180,280	168,385
$60,000 to $69,999	64,225	34,415	29,810	256,270	141,835	114,435
$70,000 to $79,999	37,685	21,995	15,695	198,170	109,175	88,995
$80,000 and over	86,605	56,830	29,775	443,970	283,840	160,130
$80,000 to $89,999	23,470	14,370	9,100	132,515	76,100	56,410
$90,000 to $99,999	15,190	9,590	5,605	79,285	49,680	29,605
$100,000 and over	47,945	32,870	15,070	232,170	158,060	74,115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Without employment income	514,235	217,860	296,375	1,424,510	593,940	830,565
With employment income	1,076,770	552,940	523,830	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330
Percentage with employment income	67.7	71.7	63.9	70.8	74.7	67.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	149,120	72,790	76,330	432,990	203,395	229,595
$5,000 to $9,999	93,250	43,420	49,830	286,225	129,320	156,910
$10,000 to $19,999	167,710	80,255	87,455	470,970	221,325	249,645
$20,000 to $29,999	139,770	68,060	71,710	371,235	170,795	200,440
$30,000 to $39,999	124,895	62,855	62,045	336,685	157,540	179,150
$40,000 to $49,999	100,740	50,140	50,605	310,550	147,370	163,180
$50,000 to $59,999	74,565	38,930	35,640	255,620	129,510	126,105
$60,000 to $69,999	55,000	29,590	25,405	206,215	110,510	95,705
$70,000 to $79,999	45,820	24,710	21,105	166,035	93,745	72,290
$80,000 and over	125,895	82,190	43,705	618,065	387,750	230,315
$80,000 to $89,999	30,005	17,920	12,080	136,480	78,255	58,230
$90,000 to $99,999	20,740	13,030	7,710	121,935	65,620	56,320
$100,000 and over	75,150	51,240	23,915	359,645	243,875	115,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	870,370	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,519	...	...	78,373	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,559	...	...	68,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	342,510	...	...	519,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,642	...	...	39,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,860	...	...	35,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	527,865	...	...	1,616,120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	94,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,917	...	...	82,594	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	870,370	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,614	...	...	109,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,682	...	...	87,993	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	342,495	...	...	519,930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	55,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,940	...	...	44,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	527,885	...	...	1,615,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	126,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,682	...	...	101,904	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Under $5,000	24,465	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	21,890	...	...	32,275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,235	...	...	50,900	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	53,475	...	...	75,725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50,070	...	...	73,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,750	...	...	74,910	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45,720	...	...	76,830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,060	...	...	78,800	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,110	...	...	78,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,660	...	...	77,375	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	77,510	...	...	150,140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	63,470	...	...	141,320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,580	...	...	131,390	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	43,035	...	...	122,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,265	...	...	113,055	...	...
$100,000 and over	184,085	...	...	812,085	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,300	...	...	229,055	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	39,105	...	...	167,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40,015	...	...	200,605	...	...
$200,000 and over	42,665	...	...	214,660	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	870,370	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
Under $5,000	25,565	...	...	49,905	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	22,120	...	...	32,655	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,565	...	...	51,760	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	56,115	...	...	78,605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	56,305	...	...	80,190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,835	...	...	82,520	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	57,450	...	...	87,360	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	57,290	...	...	92,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	53,145	...	...	95,185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,970	...	...	93,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85,660	...	...	179,885	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	67,270	...	...	165,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,000	...	...	153,020	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	41,020	...	...	136,810	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,890	...	...	118,465	...	...
$100,000 and over	123,165	...	...	638,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	52,170	...	...	229,315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	27,430	...	...	149,930	...	...
$150,000 and over	43,565	...	...	258,915	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	489,520	...	...	1,557,640	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,845	...	...	94,132	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,039	...	...	82,232	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	169,175	...	...	423,565	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,408	...	...	85,201	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,304	...	...	73,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	208,095	...	...	822,810	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,649	...	...	114,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,750	...	...	98,699	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95,475	...	...	257,415	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,168	...	...	57,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,426	...	...	52,715	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	489,420	...	...	1,556,795	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,221	...	...	127,226	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	102,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	168,840	...	...	423,700	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,556	...	...	120,527	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,271	...	...	94,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	208,250	...	...	823,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,472	...	...	148,914	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,758	...	...	118,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95,425	...	...	255,745	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,918	...	...	73,609	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,129	...	...	62,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	443,405	218,395	225,010	747,115	353,075	394,040
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,024	26,960	27,071	32,613	33,636	31,818
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	25,186	24,951	25,373	29,868	30,519	29,362
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	442,760	217,830	224,930	745,705	351,920	393,790
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,613	38,298	36,950	47,973	50,595	45,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,122	31,265	30,983	39,048	40,380	37,857
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,894,995	925,870	969,130	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,202,765	579,085	623,680	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885
In the bottom decile	287,610	143,600	144,005	652,620	315,260	337,360
In the second decile	252,935	116,590	136,340	583,750	269,305	314,445
In the third decile	255,250	122,140	133,110	539,335	254,260	285,075
In the fourth decile	221,160	106,575	114,585	518,440	248,375	270,065
In the fifth decile	185,815	90,175	95,640	519,140	251,205	267,935
In the top half of the distribution	692,230	346,780	345,450	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015
In the sixth decile	160,105	78,680	81,425	528,520	256,980	271,540
In the seventh decile	143,930	71,540	72,390	546,775	267,890	278,885
In the eighth decile	132,120	66,215	65,905	580,185	286,725	293,460
In the ninth decile	119,890	60,885	59,005	639,880	318,340	321,540
In the top decile	136,185	69,465	66,725	754,210	381,625	372,590
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,894,995	925,865	969,135	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760
0 to 17 years	358,105	182,640	175,460	1,195,910	614,060	581,850
0 to 5 years	130,840	66,865	63,970	374,440	191,880	182,555
18 to 64 years	1,247,980	617,995	629,985	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495
65 years and over	288,910	125,230	163,680	815,415	369,005	446,405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	403,880	193,540	210,345	912,405	430,210	482,200
0 to 17 years	81,100	41,415	39,685	235,120	121,220	113,905
0 to 5 years	29,655	15,075	14,580	75,855	39,055	36,795
18 to 64 years	262,435	129,925	132,505	565,145	264,585	300,560
65 years and over	60,350	22,195	38,150	112,140	44,405	67,735
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	20.9	21.7	15.6	15.1	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.6	22.7	22.6	19.7	19.7	19.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	22.5	22.8	20.3	20.4	20.2
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.0	21.0	14.7	14.2	15.1
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.3	13.8	12.0	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	339,685	166,970	172,710	749,935	359,355	390,585
0 to 17 years	61,200	31,295	29,910	178,525	91,985	86,540
0 to 5 years	22,345	11,355	10,985	58,105	29,855	28,245
18 to 64 years	236,690	120,520	116,175	499,350	239,960	259,390
65 years and over	41,790	15,160	26,630	72,065	27,410	44,660
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.9	18.0	17.8	12.8	12.6	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	17.1	17.0	14.9	15.0	14.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	15.5	15.6	15.5
18 to 64 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	13.0	12.9	13.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.1	16.3	8.8	7.4	10.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,894,995	925,815	969,180	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865
Official languages	1,850,005	908,350	941,655	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380
English	1,342,265	680,010	662,255	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665
French	1,631,820	799,640	832,180	466,820	200,835	265,990
Non-official languages	900,345	433,465	466,885	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340
Aboriginal languages	755	340	415	1,105	450	655
Algonquian languages	330	185	145	940	395	545
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	265	130	130	190	90	95
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	40	25	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	50	30	20
Southern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	30	10	15
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	75	100	45	55
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	25	0	45	20	25
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	45	25	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	705	280	425
Algonquin	20	10	10	15	10	10
Ojibway	10	0	0	675	270	405
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	370	120	250	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	335	110	220	15	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	45	35	10	60	20	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	35	0	45	15	35
Oneida	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	30	20	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	899,645	433,150	466,495	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720
Afro-Asiatic languages	188,110	98,615	89,495	211,335	106,115	105,215
Berber languages	18,525	9,830	8,695	245	135	110
Kabyle	11,195	5,980	5,210	80	40	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,440	3,905	3,535	170	95	75
Cushitic languages	1,045	510	540	20,445	8,910	11,530
Bilen	35	20	15	85	50	35
Oromo	25	20	10	1,390	590	800
Somali	975	460	515	18,965	8,250	10,715
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	85	30	50
Semitic languages	178,735	93,595	85,140	191,925	97,710	94,215
Amharic	820	405	415	11,440	5,325	6,115
Arabic	162,300	85,065	77,240	125,970	65,090	60,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	40	12,500	6,090	6,410
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	2,220	1,110	1,105
Harari	10	10	0	1,250	635	620
Hebrew	16,165	8,435	7,730	38,385	19,590	18,795
Maltese	10	10	0	4,675	2,295	2,380
Tigrigna	255	125	130	5,960	2,790	3,180
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	1,135	555	580
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	435	220	215	720	335	390
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,725	14,715	16,010	67,000	30,750	36,245
Khmer (Cambodian)	6,335	3,050	3,285	4,340	1,900	2,445
Vietnamese	24,615	11,780	12,835	62,935	29,000	33,935
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	40	0	35
Austronesian languages	25,320	9,560	15,760	205,810	81,995	123,815
Bikol	105	45	55	580	260	325
Cebuano	715	260	455	7,350	2,960	4,395
Fijian	0	10	0	50	20	30
Hiligaynon	445	160	290	2,545	1,015	1,530
Ilocano	2,270	825	1,440	12,740	5,000	7,740
Malagasy	835	405	435	90	45	45
Malay	715	290	425	7,305	3,360	3,945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	165	80	85	1,600	735	875
Pangasinan	50	15	30	450	200	255
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,770	8,440	14,335	193,480	76,640	116,840
Waray-Waray	40	10	30	320	100	220
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	150	175	1,275	525	750
Creole languages	70,350	31,455	38,895	16,750	7,530	9,220
Haitian Creole	2,895	1,370	1,525	645	290	355
Creole, n.o.s.	66,340	29,580	36,765	9,125	4,110	5,015
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,485	705	780	7,130	3,185	3,945
Dravidian languages	14,890	7,650	7,240	176,480	87,740	88,740
Kannada	365	180	180	4,470	2,245	2,215
Malayalam	395	225	170	17,255	8,785	8,475
Tamil	13,650	6,960	6,695	146,145	71,915	74,225
Telugu	835	485	345	13,615	7,460	6,150
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	440	225	210
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	15	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	490,850	234,270	256,580	1,768,825	861,040	907,780
Albanian	2,065	1,045	1,025	15,375	7,695	7,680
Armenian	9,210	4,370	4,840	15,225	7,275	7,950
Balto-Slavic languages	53,575	24,605	28,970	300,880	140,300	160,580
Baltic languages	715	330	385	6,340	2,595	3,745
Latvian	240	110	135	2,630	1,115	1,520
Lithuanian	475	225	255	3,710	1,480	2,230
Slavic languages	52,990	24,340	28,645	296,240	138,420	157,820
Belarusan	190	80	110	945	495	450
Bosnian	330	150	180	4,355	2,110	2,250
Bulgarian	4,430	2,115	2,310	8,055	3,940	4,120
Croatian	1,795	855	940	23,785	11,605	12,180
Czech	1,275	575	700	6,300	2,975	3,325
Macedonian	140	55	80	16,730	8,025	8,700
Polish	11,085	4,910	6,170	83,545	38,245	45,300
Russian	30,185	14,095	16,090	111,165	51,675	59,485
Serbian	1,935	890	1,050	27,390	13,560	13,830
Serbo-Croatian	635	275	360	2,865	1,390	1,475
Slovak	850	395	450	6,085	2,790	3,295
Slovene (Slovenian)	570	270	305	4,450	2,010	2,440
Ukrainian	6,175	2,680	3,495	38,030	17,050	20,980
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	630	360	265
Celtic languages	280	175	105	1,910	985	920
Scottish Gaelic	85	55	30	650	325	320
Welsh	45	20	20	235	115	125
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55	1,025	550	475
Germanic languages	34,400	16,995	17,405	80,940	38,460	42,480
Afrikaans	230	165	70	4,255	2,095	2,160
Danish	450	210	240	2,125	965	1,165
Dutch	2,350	1,225	1,120	11,655	5,440	6,215
Frisian	0	10	0	195	75	115
German	21,045	10,415	10,630	55,040	26,285	28,755
Icelandic	95	65	30	130	55	75
Norwegian	300	135	165	960	460	500
Swedish	920	410	510	2,570	1,165	1,410
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	70	185	265	110	150
Yiddish	9,880	4,910	4,965	6,510	3,200	3,305
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	105	50	55
Greek	26,310	12,845	13,465	60,400	29,665	30,735
Indo-Iranian languages	64,655	33,330	31,320	765,115	386,165	378,955
Indo-Aryan languages	43,825	22,985	20,840	639,795	323,555	316,245
Bengali	11,090	5,680	5,410	48,410	24,580	23,830
Gujarati	6,565	3,235	3,330	87,570	43,795	43,770
Hindi	11,865	6,415	5,450	207,780	105,570	102,210
Kashmiri	35	30	10	475	240	235
Konkani	115	55	60	4,995	2,265	2,730
Marathi	375	195	180	8,630	4,460	4,170
Nepali	135	75	60	6,385	3,155	3,235
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	930	445	480
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,800	7,135	5,665	243,875	125,225	118,655
Sindhi	350	160	195	9,685	4,545	5,135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	925	440	485	15,135	7,605	7,525
Urdu	11,255	5,930	5,315	194,390	98,385	96,005
Iranian languages	21,235	10,575	10,660	130,695	65,170	65,520
Kurdish	675	340	335	3,845	2,175	1,670
Pashto	1,140	615	525	11,400	6,040	5,365
Persian (Farsi)	19,650	9,770	9,880	119,790	59,470	60,320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	450	260	190	3,515	1,895	1,620
Italic (Romance) languages	320,755	150,495	170,260	567,300	268,895	298,410
Catalan	550	330	220	315	165	150
Italian	114,505	54,380	60,120	220,425	105,435	114,985
Portuguese	27,360	13,775	13,585	134,220	64,585	69,640
Romanian	22,115	10,440	11,675	29,765	13,805	15,965
Spanish	176,745	81,465	95,285	206,090	95,990	110,100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	230	145	85	655	320	340
Japanese	4,275	1,930	2,345	17,460	7,535	9,920
Kartvelian languages	190	90	100	1,465	740	725
Georgian	195	90	95	1,465	740	725
Korean	4,930	2,315	2,620	62,350	29,150	33,205
Mongolic languages	205	110	95	445	190	255
Mongolian	205	105	100	445	190	255
Niger-Congo languages	26,800	13,565	13,240	47,720	22,705	25,015
Akan (Twi)	1,350	710	640	13,715	6,345	7,365
Bamanankan	1,305	685	620	200	110	90
Edo	145	60	80	1,890	825	1,070
Ewe	730	490	240	520	270	250
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,090	1,115	980	485	245	240
Ga	170	100	75	1,005	490	515
Ganda	30	10	25	865	410	455
Igbo	180	115	60	2,925	1,445	1,475
Lingala	5,470	2,455	3,015	2,080	895	1,185
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,510	715	790	535	255	285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,420	680	745	695	295	400
Shona	105	55	50	1,175	515	655
Swahili	2,985	1,500	1,490	10,350	5,110	5,240
Wolof	3,295	1,800	1,495	415	185	230
Yoruba	590	330	260	7,935	3,980	3,960
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,970	4,620	4,345	6,340	2,935	3,405
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	125	75	500	285	215
Dinka	0	0	0	85	65	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	130	75	415	220	195
Sign languages	2,135	890	1,245	5,980	2,555	3,425
American Sign Language	300	125	180	3,505	1,325	2,175
Quebec Sign Language	1,160	435	730	10	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	760	370	390	2,575	1,280	1,295
Sino-Tibetan languages	61,480	28,975	32,505	581,165	272,700	308,470
Chinese languages	61,355	28,905	32,450	574,095	269,220	304,875
Cantonese	20,895	9,735	11,155	306,700	142,590	164,115
Hakka	385	170	210	7,185	3,150	4,035
Mandarin	40,720	18,965	21,755	313,605	145,835	167,765
Min Dong	15	10	10	710	285	425
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,990	1,310	1,675	13,985	6,265	7,715
Wu (Shanghainese)	925	420	505	6,885	3,200	3,685
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,410	1,665	1,745	11,470	5,200	6,270
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	135	75	60
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	95	65	7,455	3,695	3,770
Burmese	70	40	30	1,325	600	720
Karenic languages	0	0	0	245	115	135
Tibetan	30	25	0	5,465	2,725	2,740
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	500	290	210
Tai-Kadai languages	2,785	1,315	1,475	5,070	2,155	2,915
Lao	2,100	1,035	1,060	2,895	1,370	1,525
Thai	970	400	570	2,450	915	1,535
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	8,200	4,105	4,100	24,680	12,835	11,845
Azerbaijani	400	220	175	2,645	1,345	1,300
Turkish	7,400	3,705	3,695	20,745	10,830	9,915
Uyghur	175	85	90	490	225	265
Uzbek	185	80	110	815	440	375
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	85	85	560	270	290
Uralic languages	4,905	2,205	2,705	27,660	12,555	15,095
Estonian	105	45	60	2,995	1,295	1,705
Finnish	270	100	170	2,835	1,215	1,615
Hungarian	4,525	2,060	2,470	21,890	10,070	11,830
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,070	590	485	2,300	1,195	1,105
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,648,430	803,195	845,235	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575
Canadian citizens aged under 18	322,920	164,560	158,370	1,102,940	565,995	536,940
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325,505	638,635	686,870	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	246,565	122,620	123,945	728,410	346,120	382,285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,187,260	582,140	605,120	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	644,680	310,250	334,430	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560
Before 1981	141,755	66,725	75,035	611,635	284,800	326,830
1981 to 1990	74,335	36,560	37,775	370,195	177,010	193,190
1991 to 2000	108,760	51,330	57,430	638,770	298,245	340,520
2001 to 2010	181,195	87,585	93,610	728,025	341,100	386,925
2001 to 2005	74,840	36,150	38,695	379,400	178,780	200,620
2006 to 2010	106,360	51,435	54,920	348,620	162,320	186,305
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	138,635	68,055	70,585	356,930	168,835	188,095
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	63,060	33,425	29,630	136,895	68,065	68,830
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	644,685	310,250	334,430	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560
Under 5 years	58,110	28,910	29,200	225,470	112,150	113,325
5 to 14 years	97,545	48,375	49,175	449,875	226,440	223,440
15 to 24 years	128,855	58,300	70,560	588,860	261,700	327,155
25 to 44 years	314,350	153,930	160,420	1,154,390	541,415	612,980
45 years and over	45,815	20,740	25,075	286,960	128,295	158,665
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	644,685	310,250	334,435	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560
Americas	140,935	64,340	76,600	409,865	181,700	228,165
Brazil	3,960	1,865	2,090	10,625	4,950	5,675
Colombia	9,135	4,295	4,835	17,150	7,850	9,295
El Salvador	6,965	3,470	3,500	11,110	5,535	5,580
Guyana	1,825	765	1,060	69,025	30,505	38,515
Haiti	50,160	21,900	28,255	2,590	1,225	1,370
Jamaica	3,555	1,525	2,035	99,660	41,700	57,960
Mexico	9,155	4,205	4,955	11,395	5,070	6,320
Peru	7,400	3,280	4,115	8,095	3,600	4,500
Trinidad and Tobago	2,895	1,305	1,595	43,135	19,035	24,095
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,335	6,325	6,005	46,695	21,755	24,940
Other places of birth in Americas	33,555	15,400	18,160	90,390	40,480	49,915
Europe	172,245	82,670	89,580	617,555	291,735	325,815
Bosnia and Herzegovina	735	370	365	9,630	4,760	4,875
Croatia	1,075	540	540	12,010	5,760	6,250
France	38,165	20,010	18,155	6,890	3,220	3,670
Germany	4,240	1,780	2,455	22,970	10,725	12,240
Greece	10,320	4,995	5,320	27,885	13,595	14,290
Hungary	2,270	1,025	1,240	11,925	5,380	6,540
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	490	270	220	8,115	3,955	4,160
Italy	39,105	18,405	20,700	103,620	50,525	53,090
Netherlands	915	490	420	7,620	3,700	3,915
Poland	6,930	2,955	3,975	57,450	25,810	31,640
Portugal	9,480	4,385	5,100	71,045	34,235	36,810
Romania	14,250	6,555	7,695	25,515	11,630	13,890
Russian Federation	7,480	3,245	4,235	34,385	14,875	19,510
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	465	575	13,080	6,355	6,725
Ukraine	5,750	2,490	3,260	32,110	14,690	17,420
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,105	3,680	3,420	99,165	47,375	51,790
Other places of birth in Europe	22,890	10,990	11,900	74,130	35,130	38,995
Africa	143,550	74,055	69,495	152,755	73,585	79,165
Algeria	40,140	20,915	19,220	1,240	650	595
Egypt	12,710	6,535	6,170	24,820	12,865	11,950
Ethiopia	735	370	370	10,865	4,965	5,900
Kenya	425	205	220	11,305	5,165	6,140
Morocco	37,365	19,155	18,205	3,480	1,700	1,780
Nigeria	910	495	415	16,400	8,135	8,260
Somalia	440	205	230	10,850	4,350	6,500
South Africa, Republic of	505	275	230	13,040	6,345	6,690
Other places of birth in Africa	50,335	25,885	24,450	60,760	29,410	31,355
Asia	187,130	88,725	98,400	1,518,125	719,445	798,680
Afghanistan	1,490	735	755	25,420	12,730	12,690
Bangladesh	6,865	3,440	3,425	32,385	16,330	16,055
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	30,715	13,440	17,275	266,840	121,555	145,290
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,800	1,335	1,460	100,060	46,985	53,080
India	13,340	6,920	6,425	307,275	153,190	154,085
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,160	6,970	7,190	74,530	37,130	37,395
Iraq	1,980	1,035	945	29,230	14,640	14,595
Japan	1,150	300	855	5,880	1,905	3,975
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,800	1,265	1,535	45,700	21,285	24,420
Lebanon	20,015	10,680	9,335	13,610	7,315	6,295
Pakistan	6,725	3,550	3,180	119,085	60,120	58,960
Philippines	20,535	7,730	12,805	192,265	78,690	113,570
Sri Lanka	8,315	4,135	4,180	101,550	49,580	51,965
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,080	5,050	5,025	10,830	5,430	5,400
Taiwan	1,660	675	985	14,980	6,510	8,465
Viet Nam	17,845	8,295	9,550	59,365	26,830	32,540
Other places of birth in Asia	26,650	13,175	13,470	119,120	59,225	59,900
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	825	460	360	7,260	3,525	3,730
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	138,635	68,050	70,585	356,930	168,835	188,095
Americas	29,030	13,815	15,215	40,810	19,490	21,320
Brazil	1,730	870	860	2,595	1,225	1,370
Colombia	3,180	1,535	1,645	2,610	1,220	1,385
Cuba	1,265	650	615	1,200	535	660
Haiti	11,775	5,370	6,405	865	415	450
Jamaica	125	90	35	7,300	3,825	3,475
Mexico	2,595	1,215	1,380	3,045	1,450	1,590
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,510	1,415	1,095	8,075	4,090	3,990
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,125	540	585	1,880	875	1,005
Other places of birth in Americas	4,720	2,130	2,595	13,250	5,845	7,395
Europe	24,950	12,790	12,155	31,805	15,585	16,225
France	12,465	6,725	5,735	1,400	675	725
Germany	325	155	175	915	490	420
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	80	60	20	1,490	935	560
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	2,905	1,325	1,575	775	365	415
Romania	1,695	735	960	1,490	590	900
Russian Federation	1,445	680	765	3,935	1,430	2,505
Ukraine	1,640	750	895	3,655	1,690	1,960
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	520	345	180	3,990	2,385	1,605
Other places of birth in Europe	3,880	2,015	1,870	14,150	7,020	7,135
Africa	47,375	23,710	23,665	24,760	12,150	12,615
Algeria	13,150	6,440	6,710	205	95	115
Cameroon	4,260	2,085	2,170	805	355	450
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,655	785	875	565	250	315
Côte d'Ivoire	2,795	1,385	1,415	290	135	150
Egypt	3,215	1,720	1,490	5,975	3,105	2,870
Eritrea	45	30	15	1,065	520	540
Ethiopia	110	60	50	1,665	755	915
Morocco	9,615	4,790	4,820	365	145	220
Nigeria	400	210	180	4,805	2,340	2,460
Somalia	75	40	40	1,155	555	600
South Africa, Republic of	105	50	45	810	440	370
Tunisia	3,730	1,885	1,850	125	90	40
Other places of birth in Africa	8,225	4,225	4,000	6,950	3,375	3,575
Asia	37,060	17,590	19,470	258,265	120,865	137,405
Afghanistan	255	110	145	4,615	2,315	2,300
Bangladesh	790	415	375	6,870	3,400	3,465
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	7,780	3,565	4,215	49,815	22,155	27,660
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	25	55	1,815	730	1,085
India	2,395	1,295	1,100	58,820	29,560	29,260
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,745	3,180	3,560	18,635	9,020	9,620
Iraq	380	180	205	8,270	4,125	4,150
Israel	490	275	210	1,665	880	785
Japan	245	25	215	965	265	700
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	665	260	400	4,885	2,215	2,665
Lebanon	2,285	1,270	1,015	1,440	780	660
Nepal	40	25	20	2,430	1,245	1,190
Pakistan	1,095	590	505	21,750	10,650	11,100
Philippines	4,825	2,080	2,745	43,590	17,995	25,595
Saudi Arabia	345	170	175	2,135	1,085	1,045
Sri Lanka	685	300	390	7,395	3,220	4,175
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,980	2,030	1,950	5,505	2,855	2,650
Taiwan	105	50	50	760	300	460
Turkey	395	205	190	2,055	1,145	910
United Arab Emirates	205	90	110	3,375	1,695	1,680
Viet Nam	1,020	400	620	2,690	1,060	1,625
Other places of birth in Asia	2,260	1,050	1,210	8,780	4,155	4,625
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	225	145	80	1,285	755	535
Australia	115	80	40	1,005	615	390
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	105	65	40	285	140	150
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,894,995	925,810	969,180	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865
First generationCensus data footnote 69	719,985	350,065	369,915	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	404,595	203,185	201,415	1,676,530	844,955	831,575
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	770,420	372,570	397,850	1,312,060	650,630	661,430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	511,335	247,530	263,805	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	285,275	147,400	137,875	1,063,255	525,765	537,490
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	141,270	84,080	57,190	424,005	261,635	162,370
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	144,010	63,325	80,685	639,250	264,130	375,115
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	139,475	55,585	83,890	717,295	293,165	424,130
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	78,760	40,880	37,885	319,285	169,830	149,460
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	7,825	3,670	4,160	29,655	13,530	16,120
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	13,100	6,090	7,010	46,320	21,815	24,505
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	12,325	5,735	6,595	43,735	20,505	23,230
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,905	2,785	3,125	27,800	12,935	14,875
Métis	5,745	2,725	3,025	15,240	7,245	7,995
Inuk (Inuit)	670	225	445	690	320	365
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	300	145	155	1,130	530	595
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	470	210	260	1,455	780	670
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,881,900	919,725	962,175	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,380	1,665	1,715	14,865	6,865	8,005
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,891,620	924,150	967,470	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,345	2,820	3,525	7,435	3,410	4,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,060	2,685	3,380	7,255	3,325	3,930
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,825	2,160	2,675	5,765	2,610	3,155
Métis single ancestry	905	430	475	1,375	665	715
Inuit single ancestry	330	95	235	120	55	65
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	285	135	150	175	85	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	85	95	125	65	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	95	45	50	25	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	39,260	17,620	21,645	66,540	31,435	35,105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	38,625	17,315	21,310	64,835	30,640	34,190
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,525	15,010	18,515	49,115	23,300	25,815
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,530	2,080	2,445	14,790	6,905	7,890
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	225	345	930	435	490
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	635	300	335	1,710	795	910
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	240	250	1,445	655	785
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	60	170	80	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	90	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,849,395	905,380	944,015	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,895	305,345	318,545	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	65,665	34,270	31,390	973,225	490,875	482,350
Chinese	63,465	29,420	34,040	631,050	300,215	330,830
Black	180,580	86,145	94,430	442,020	204,665	237,350
Filipino	28,680	11,625	17,060	254,475	108,655	145,825
Latin American	71,375	34,600	36,775	132,945	63,735	69,210
Arab	129,940	68,880	61,060	105,610	54,840	50,770
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	37,325	17,830	19,495	83,535	39,210	44,335
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	18,930	9,395	9,540	123,760	61,875	61,885
Korean	5,620	2,650	2,965	69,670	33,180	36,485
Japanese	3,060	1,175	1,885	20,655	8,970	11,685
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,545	2,630	2,915	77,780	36,315	41,465
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	13,720	6,720	6,995	97,190	46,700	50,490
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,271,105	620,470	650,635	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865
North American Aboriginal origins	45,600	20,430	25,170	73,975	34,840	39,130
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,225	17,585	21,645	56,655	26,735	29,915
Inuit	1,145	430	715	1,360	645	710
Métis	6,150	2,850	3,295	17,860	8,350	9,505
Other North American origins	591,040	283,995	307,045	786,975	390,020	396,955
Acadian	6,570	3,030	3,540	4,215	2,085	2,125
American	16,130	7,775	8,355	49,455	23,985	25,470
Canadian	542,980	259,895	283,085	746,965	370,515	376,445
New Brunswicker	175	75	95	85	55	35
Newfoundlander	235	115	120	3,280	1,675	1,605
Nova Scotian	195	90	100	645	295	355
Ontarian	270	130	140	645	370	275
Québécois	37,925	19,190	18,740	1,570	780	785
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	40	245	130	115
European origins	876,355	429,400	446,955	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470
British Isles origins	213,610	102,280	111,330	1,287,260	629,030	658,230
Channel Islander	220	95	125	445	235	210
Cornish	35	15	20	205	105	95
English	80,065	39,050	41,020	732,555	358,040	374,515
Irish	117,040	54,530	62,510	544,380	260,305	284,070
Manx	110	65	45	815	475	345
Scottish	71,115	33,825	37,290	543,760	263,155	280,605
Welsh	5,465	2,595	2,875	56,210	26,940	29,275
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,790	7,470	8,320	107,900	51,560	56,340
French origins	372,960	185,485	187,475	248,150	117,595	130,555
Alsatian	295	140	155	355	140	215
Breton	1,990	1,015	980	60	35	20
Corsican	650	380	270	60	30	30
French	371,250	184,600	186,645	247,790	117,430	130,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	82,830	39,975	42,860	396,070	192,485	203,585
Austrian	6,820	3,305	3,515	30,375	14,775	15,600
Bavarian	30	20	20	155	65	85
Belgian	14,125	6,890	7,235	9,770	4,540	5,230
Dutch	10,050	4,920	5,135	98,890	47,530	51,360
Flemish	445	230	210	910	430	475
Frisian	0	10	0	400	230	165
German	49,385	23,475	25,910	271,815	132,610	139,205
Luxembourger	355	175	185	305	145	155
Swiss	7,685	3,950	3,740	14,705	7,290	7,415
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	85	50	35	530	260	275
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,760	5,215	5,545	69,205	33,340	35,865
Danish	2,460	1,090	1,370	15,455	7,630	7,825
Finnish	1,520	685	830	16,385	7,650	8,735
Icelandic	515	270	250	3,985	2,005	1,985
Norwegian	2,860	1,475	1,390	16,390	8,040	8,345
Swedish	3,410	1,605	1,805	18,590	8,565	10,020
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	800	395	405	3,515	1,665	1,845
Eastern European origins	145,755	70,100	75,655	596,425	284,470	311,955
Bulgarian	5,500	2,610	2,890	11,220	5,545	5,675
Byelorussian	1,575	770	805	8,240	4,040	4,205
Czech	3,735	1,815	1,920	16,630	8,030	8,600
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,105	575	535	4,755	2,275	2,480
Estonian	630	330	300	7,655	3,580	4,075
Hungarian	16,875	8,270	8,605	59,720	29,025	30,690
Latvian	1,230	585	645	9,660	4,505	5,155
Lithuanian	4,225	2,105	2,115	19,520	9,380	10,140
Moldovan	5,110	2,490	2,620	3,020	1,545	1,475
Polish	46,865	22,825	24,035	237,245	113,300	123,940
Romanian	29,635	14,290	15,345	50,515	24,070	26,445
Russian	38,265	18,115	20,155	139,910	65,150	74,760
Slovak	2,405	1,190	1,210	14,580	7,040	7,540
Ukrainian	23,600	11,240	12,355	144,330	69,230	75,105
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,545	1,315	1,230	7,290	3,405	3,885
Southern European origins	273,825	134,115	139,710	988,415	488,295	500,120
Albanian	2,295	1,180	1,120	17,685	8,940	8,745
Bosnian	580	280	295	6,485	3,150	3,335
Catalan	470	245	225	160	105	60
Croatian	3,175	1,600	1,570	37,460	18,715	18,745
Cypriot	255	140	115	2,620	1,295	1,325
Greek	35,805	17,910	17,895	99,145	49,730	49,410
Italian	168,110	82,250	85,860	484,365	241,940	242,420
Kosovar	260	140	120	485	255	225
Macedonian	415	220	195	28,315	14,150	14,165
Maltese	605	335	270	19,440	9,580	9,860
Montenegrin	245	140	100	1,465	700	770
Portuguese	29,890	14,800	15,085	210,425	102,945	107,480
Serbian	2,760	1,265	1,495	33,055	16,630	16,425
Sicilian	550	290	265	1,575	790	780
Slovenian	1,360	645	710	13,135	6,605	6,530
Spanish	43,300	20,870	22,435	106,690	49,790	56,895
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,270	570	700	6,775	3,280	3,495
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	130	85	45	510	210	300
Other European origins	24,805	12,690	12,110	72,270	36,185	36,085
Basque	1,270	705	565	815	400	415
Jewish	19,845	10,105	9,735	59,195	29,745	29,450
Roma (Gypsy)	250	155	90	1,220	575	645
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	95	100	980	525	455
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,450	1,760	1,685	10,520	5,160	5,360
Caribbean origins	119,515	54,900	64,620	346,530	157,300	189,230
Antiguan	235	125	115	2,430	1,075	1,355
Bahamian	225	120	105	1,255	635	615
Barbadian	3,765	1,660	2,100	18,395	8,370	10,030
Bermudan	60	20	40	1,000	470	540
Carib	300	115	180	1,795	640	1,150
Cuban	4,820	2,310	2,505	9,290	4,200	5,090
Dominican	6,945	3,160	3,785	6,365	3,035	3,335
Grenadian	1,495	590	900	12,380	5,330	7,050
Guadeloupean	495	225	270	40	10	30
Haitian	82,000	37,695	44,305	5,150	2,425	2,715
Jamaican	9,595	4,440	5,155	200,330	91,035	109,295
Kittitian/Nevisian	275	130	140	1,855	875	985
Martinican	1,025	495	525	160	50	105
Montserratan	140	70	65	440	210	230
Puerto Rican	285	145	145	750	400	360
St. Lucian	530	260	265	5,405	2,355	3,045
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,325	1,940	2,385	44,300	20,370	23,925
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,285	1,345	1,940	10,290	4,345	5,950
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	3,795	1,665	2,125	46,300	20,555	25,740
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,945	1,350	1,600	13,305	5,940	7,365
Latin, Central and South American origins	85,035	41,350	43,685	213,985	100,945	113,030
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,405	1,635	1,770	7,115	3,305	3,810
Arawak	120	30	95	710	315	395
Argentinian	2,740	1,390	1,350	8,415	4,075	4,335
Belizean	25	10	10	355	170	185
Bolivian	930	440	485	1,325	660	665
Brazilian	4,350	2,105	2,245	13,065	6,295	6,780
Chilean	6,855	3,460	3,395	10,435	5,010	5,425
Colombian	12,530	5,945	6,580	24,875	11,890	12,985
Costa Rican	595	300	295	1,770	905	865
Ecuadorian	1,615	715	895	17,930	8,495	9,440
Guatemalan	5,830	3,000	2,830	5,915	2,850	3,065
Guyanese	2,465	1,205	1,255	57,985	26,585	31,405
Hispanic	590	320	265	3,655	1,780	1,875
Honduran	2,815	1,355	1,460	1,750	810	940
Maya	960	565	400	1,135	555	575
Mexican	13,835	6,685	7,150	19,785	9,185	10,600
Nicaraguan	1,500	755	750	3,655	1,765	1,890
Panamanian	830	425	410	1,805	775	1,030
Paraguayan	190	95	95	305	140	160
Peruvian	10,190	4,805	5,385	10,665	4,935	5,725
Salvadorean	11,535	5,710	5,820	15,130	7,480	7,650
Uruguayan	870	400	470	3,450	1,770	1,680
Venezuelan	4,020	1,830	2,195	8,260	3,780	4,480
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,410	1,730	1,680	9,255	4,505	4,745
African origins	224,260	115,410	108,850	266,640	130,030	136,610
Central and West African origins	45,140	23,345	21,795	58,830	29,030	29,800
Akan	395	210	185	700	395	305
Angolan	470	225	245	1,030	490	535
Ashanti	65	55	0	1,070	545	525
Beninese	1,885	950	935	370	190	180
Burkinabe	1,245	670	580	100	45	55
Cameroonian	8,790	4,475	4,310	2,535	1,250	1,285
Chadian	655	340	310	185	95	90
Congolese	9,960	4,845	5,115	3,985	1,895	2,085
Edo	95	50	40	935	490	445
Ewe	215	135	85	160	90	70
Gabonese	450	195	255	45	10	35
Gambian	80	45	35	545	255	295
Ghanaian	2,240	1,130	1,115	20,465	9,735	10,730
Guinean	3,080	1,630	1,450	680	335	340
Ibo	135	60	75	1,495	775	720
Ivorian	4,360	2,195	2,170	615	285	330
Liberian	60	25	35	335	140	200
Malian	1,815	920	900	260	140	125
Malinké	400	210	190	220	105	120
Nigerian	1,815	975	835	19,330	9,790	9,545
Peulh	1,310	660	650	60	40	20
Senegalese	4,070	2,220	1,845	535	280	255
Sierra Leonean	80	40	40	815	400	415
Togolese	1,865	980	880	315	205	105
Wolof	355	210	145	45	25	25
Yoruba	285	140	140	2,925	1,545	1,375
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	3,410	1,845	1,565	2,895	1,415	1,480
North African origins	142,110	74,140	67,970	53,740	27,655	26,090
Algerian	40,120	20,825	19,295	1,700	835	870
Berber	21,550	11,345	10,205	680	365	315
Coptic	375	210	165	1,815	935	885
Dinka	0	0	0	35	25	10
Egyptian	17,790	9,220	8,570	36,340	18,715	17,625
Libyan	770	410	360	1,275	685	600
Maure	355	205	150	235	130	105
Moroccan	53,670	27,715	25,955	8,595	4,440	4,160
Sudanese	215	110	105	3,735	1,825	1,915
Tunisian	12,870	6,975	5,890	1,085	580	505
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,135	1,205	930	840	450	390
Southern and East African origins	13,315	6,550	6,765	80,285	38,330	41,955
Afrikaner	75	65	10	340	175	170
Amhara	25	10	10	500	240	260
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	900	495	405	305	170	135
Burundian	2,015	970	1,045	710	385	325
Djiboutian	220	100	125	205	95	115
Eritrean	335	175	155	7,625	3,685	3,940
Ethiopian	1,130	565	565	15,990	7,670	8,325
Harari	15	10	10	460	250	210
Kenyan	300	135	160	3,960	1,830	2,130
Malagasy	1,490	750	745	180	75	100
Mauritian	1,735	825	910	2,820	1,465	1,355
Oromo	10	10	0	830	370	460
Rwandan	1,995	935	1,055	1,105	490	620
Seychellois	480	220	255	165	65	95
Somali	1,230	590	635	25,550	11,820	13,740
South African	540	280	265	11,950	6,010	5,940
Tanzanian	140	80	55	1,850	925	920
Tigrian	60	25	40	410	210	200
Ugandan	115	50	65	2,010	980	1,030
Zambian	30	15	15	385	195	190
Zimbabwean	225	120	105	1,760	815	945
Zulu	50	20	20	205	100	110
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	875	425	455	5,470	2,415	3,055
Other African origins	25,930	12,605	13,325	77,575	36,805	40,775
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,125	990	1,135	10,975	4,750	6,220
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	24,195	11,815	12,380	67,415	32,440	34,975
Asian origins	353,565	173,390	180,180	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	137,895	70,990	66,905	330,340	167,015	163,330
Afghan	2,395	1,205	1,185	41,735	20,950	20,780
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	27,100	14,270	12,830	23,205	12,005	11,195
Armenian	13,180	6,420	6,765	21,710	10,545	11,165
Assyrian	185	110	75	7,705	3,955	3,745
Azerbaijani	435	225	215	3,340	1,620	1,720
Georgian	520	245	280	2,390	1,220	1,165
Hazara	10	10	10	515	280	235
Iranian	19,670	9,825	9,845	97,110	48,770	48,345
Iraqi	3,380	1,685	1,690	29,045	14,570	14,480
Israeli	5,195	2,745	2,450	14,490	7,510	6,975
Jordanian	1,075	565	515	5,325	2,865	2,460
Kazakh	445	220	225	975	445	530
Kurd	1,395	755	640	4,355	2,330	2,025
Kuwaiti	55	25	25	375	215	160
Kyrgyz	210	115	95	245	85	160
Lebanese	40,100	21,075	19,025	29,750	15,125	14,625
Palestinian	4,555	2,330	2,225	15,555	8,380	7,170
Pashtun	340	185	155	2,145	1,180	965
Saudi Arabian	550	330	220	1,655	865	785
Syrian	15,765	8,050	7,715	16,150	7,855	8,300
Tajik	110	40	70	1,425	670	755
Tatar	650	315	340	1,785	760	1,025
Turk	9,590	4,620	4,970	23,085	11,685	11,405
Turkmen	25	15	10	405	205	200
Uighur	295	130	155	545	255	290
Uzbek	340	165	180	1,745	870	880
Yemeni	610	320	285	2,530	1,205	1,325
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,765	980	785	10,180	5,245	4,930
South Asian origins	68,825	35,490	33,335	995,125	499,465	495,660
Bangladeshi	6,115	3,155	2,955	23,400	11,960	11,435
Bengali	3,575	1,730	1,840	12,515	6,390	6,125
Bhutanese	0	0	0	150	80	65
East Indian	35,830	18,630	17,190	643,370	322,810	320,555
Goan	160	75	90	4,040	1,880	2,160
Gujarati	340	165	175	4,980	2,575	2,400
Kashmiri	230	140	85	1,345	690	650
Nepali	180	95	80	5,395	2,645	2,745
Pakistani	9,510	4,880	4,630	122,950	62,455	60,490
Punjabi	2,125	1,235	890	47,760	24,560	23,205
Sinhalese	205	85	125	4,030	1,970	2,055
Sri Lankan	11,255	5,590	5,665	114,400	55,790	58,615
Tamil	2,505	1,320	1,185	40,115	20,345	19,775
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,585	875	705	49,895	25,275	24,620
East and Southeast Asian origins	148,715	67,730	80,985	1,134,050	525,470	608,580
Burmese	175	100	75	2,165	970	1,195
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,745	3,775	3,975	6,430	2,970	3,460
Chinese	76,085	35,390	40,690	700,705	332,650	368,055
Filipino	30,545	12,430	18,115	274,670	118,265	156,405
Hmong	35	10	20	55	25	30
Indonesian	790	340	450	6,120	2,825	3,290
Japanese	4,025	1,580	2,445	28,045	12,350	15,695
Karen	0	0	0	265	115	145
Korean	6,035	2,860	3,180	73,385	34,950	38,445
Laotian	2,805	1,445	1,365	4,205	2,080	2,125
Malaysian	425	190	235	5,625	2,660	2,960
Mongolian	510	230	280	1,940	885	1,060
Singaporean	90	50	45	1,070	480	590
Taiwanese	1,365	570	795	7,975	3,625	4,350
Thai	1,105	450	655	3,390	1,275	2,115
Tibetan	40	20	15	6,015	3,015	3,000
Vietnamese	28,155	13,530	14,625	73,740	34,880	38,865
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	225	105	120	3,400	1,675	1,725
Other Asian origins	1,275	675	600	10,705	5,285	5,420
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,275	675	595	10,710	5,285	5,420
Oceania origins	1,870	1,005	865	9,705	4,915	4,785
Australian	1,240	705	540	5,925	3,095	2,830
New Zealander	265	130	135	1,945	1,030	915
Pacific Islands origins	425	205	220	2,045	935	1,110
Fijian	35	15	20	1,185	495	690
Hawaiian	25	10	20	225	115	115
Maori	50	40	20	200	105	90
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	130	60	70	115	45	70
Samoan	10	10	0	90	45	50
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	200	100	105	340	160	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Owner	348,230	...	...	1,420,360	...	...
Renter	522,140	...	...	715,540	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Condominium	161,045	...	...	445,650	...	...
Not condominium	709,330	...	...	1,690,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
No bedrooms	14,110	...	...	24,165	...	...
1 bedroom	254,690	...	...	384,275	...	...
2 bedrooms	292,930	...	...	452,930	...	...
3 bedrooms	216,835	...	...	627,365	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	91,805	...	...	647,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	870,375	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	467,490	...	...	751,950	...	...
5 rooms	163,460	...	...	290,215	...	...
6 rooms	79,935	...	...	278,975	...	...
7 rooms	58,855	...	...	249,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	100,625	...	...	565,055	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
One person or fewer per room	845,575	...	...	2,042,675	...	...
More than 1 person per room	24,795	...	...	93,235	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	870,375	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
Suitable	799,140	...	...	1,930,485	...	...
Not suitable	71,230	...	...	205,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1960 or before	334,260	...	...	437,615	...	...
1961 to 1980	284,020	...	...	566,970	...	...
1981 to 1990	100,065	...	...	300,455	...	...
1991 to 2000	55,905	...	...	268,320	...	...
2001 to 2005	28,930	...	...	198,705	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,720	...	...	185,715	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	34,465	...	...	178,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	870,375	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	801,740	...	...	2,019,695	...	...
Major repairs needed	68,630	...	...	116,215	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	870,370	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1 household maintainer	584,240	...	...	1,205,800	...	...
2 household maintainers	266,165	...	...	841,650	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,970	...	...	88,460	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	870,375	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
15 to 24 years	39,040	...	...	48,555	...	...
25 to 34 years	151,650	...	...	296,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	163,270	...	...	406,810	...	...
45 to 54 years	161,100	...	...	497,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	152,865	...	...	414,985	...	...
65 to 74 years	109,830	...	...	264,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	65,970	...	...	149,385	...	...
85 years and over	26,650	...	...	58,260	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	868,760	...	...	2,130,850	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	606,785	...	...	1,418,495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	261,975	...	...	712,350	...	...
30% to less than 100%	219,820	...	...	589,435	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	348,225	...	...	1,418,695	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	59.3	...	...	63.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.2	...	...	26.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,218	...	...	1,655	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,755	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,785	...	...	647,648	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	462,244	...	...	734,924	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	522,140	...	...	715,420	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.7	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.8	...	...	46.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	778	...	...	1,207	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	851	...	...	1,264	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	268,125	127,735	140,390	794,735	377,800	416,930
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	324,455	159,965	164,490	1,262,345	621,135	641,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	998,410	483,035	515,370	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	158,510	88,680	69,830	216,485	144,375	72,110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	115,485	59,085	56,400	116,425	69,165	47,260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	43,030	29,595	13,435	100,065	75,215	24,850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260,250	119,475	140,775	844,670	369,815	474,855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	63,120	26,705	36,415	134,705	60,270	74,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	516,530	248,170	268,360	1,626,155	771,800	854,355
Bachelor's degree	301,965	139,970	161,995	1,075,760	494,850	580,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	48,790	22,955	25,830	107,255	49,015	58,245
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,170	7,760	7,415	44,785	22,370	22,420
Master's degree	125,995	62,965	63,030	350,785	176,595	174,185
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,610	14,520	10,085	47,570	28,965	18,600
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,067,000	528,725	538,275	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,980	59,375	53,605	316,395	160,105	156,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	178,710	93,475	85,230	718,855	360,435	358,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775,310	375,870	399,440	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	119,695	65,705	53,990	147,990	97,935	50,050
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	88,605	44,645	43,960	79,985	47,200	32,785
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	31,095	21,060	10,030	68,005	50,740	17,270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,940	84,760	93,180	660,375	288,290	372,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	47,550	20,660	26,885	101,090	44,915	56,180
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	430,130	204,745	225,380	1,343,990	626,960	717,030
Bachelor's degree	248,180	115,200	132,985	876,470	399,455	477,015
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40,235	18,395	21,840	87,155	38,320	48,835
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,910	5,425	6,485	36,605	17,060	19,545
Master's degree	109,920	54,580	55,340	306,310	150,595	155,715
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,885	11,150	8,725	37,445	21,525	15,920
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	592,575	287,695	304,880	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145
Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	143,825	29,335	114,490
13. Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	143,825	29,335	114,490
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65,705	31,355	34,350	138,915	62,540	76,375
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,345	6,205	2,140	18,065	13,420	4,645
50. Visual and performing arts	57,365	25,145	32,220	120,850	49,120	71,735
Humanities	77,355	30,055	47,300	190,960	67,430	123,535
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,000	3,490	11,510	22,465	4,895	17,570
23. English language and literature/letters	8,220	2,515	5,700	53,980	15,275	38,705
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,880	11,405	16,475	57,545	19,230	38,315
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	285	105	185	925	420	505
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,830	2,990	1,840	12,380	6,900	5,485
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,430	1,705	725	10,235	6,460	3,765
54. History	7,040	3,975	3,060	26,685	13,230	13,455
55. French language and literature/letters	11,675	3,875	7,805	6,750	1,015	5,735
Social and behavioural sciences and law	141,250	52,575	88,675	404,445	141,120	263,325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,010	530	1,480	5,520	1,040	4,480
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20,935	7,630	13,305	44,435	17,305	27,130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,860	1,995	15,865	57,210	5,340	51,870
22. Legal professions and studies	25,305	10,650	14,655	69,375	26,940	42,430
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,105	835	2,275	6,765	1,550	5,220
42. Psychology	18,865	4,905	13,955	56,380	13,470	42,905
45. Social sciences	53,170	26,025	27,145	164,760	75,470	89,290
Business, management and public administration	228,555	98,790	129,760	683,170	305,955	377,210
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	95	145	1,380	525	855
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,680	2,520	8,165	41,330	8,545	32,785
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	217,625	96,175	121,455	640,460	296,885	343,575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,035	27,060	23,975	135,195	63,275	71,920
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,305	8,320	11,980	56,780	22,320	34,460
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,495	5,530	3,970	33,525	14,700	18,820
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,380	2,310	2,065	2,425	770	1,655
40. Physical sciences	15,330	10,085	5,240	37,715	23,855	13,860
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,525	805	720	4,745	1,620	3,125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,280	36,525	15,760	167,300	108,360	58,945
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	41,680	31,280	10,405	129,355	88,860	40,490
25. Library science	3,625	755	2,870	5,930	975	4,950
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,135	3,855	2,275	29,330	16,665	12,665
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	840	630	205	2,690	1,845	840
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,710	137,995	23,710	483,705	417,195	66,510
04. Architecture and related services	11,440	6,565	4,875	30,785	19,780	11,000
14. Engineering	66,425	52,940	13,490	209,840	167,090	42,755
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,465	21,825	2,635	82,390	74,000	8,390
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	15	105	25	75
46. Construction trades	22,655	21,670	985	62,875	61,525	1,345
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,180	22,285	890	64,895	63,235	1,660
48. Precision production	13,525	12,700	820	32,825	31,545	1,280
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,600	5,025	4,570	31,395	16,880	14,510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,105	3,180	2,920	18,615	10,510	8,105
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,500	1,845	1,650	12,775	6,370	6,410
Health and related fields	113,455	28,650	84,800	329,520	79,140	250,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,710	3,425	3,285	27,935	14,250	13,685
51. Health professions and related programs	101,665	22,475	79,185	289,225	58,445	230,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,085	2,755	2,335	12,370	6,450	5,920
Personal, protective and transportation services	44,270	23,130	21,140	113,240	54,930	58,315
12. Personal and culinary services	28,675	10,020	18,660	69,505	21,485	48,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	0	400	355	45
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	170	0	545	510	30
43. Security and protective services	7,455	5,825	1,630	27,635	19,200	8,440
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,905	7,060	845	15,155	13,380	1,775
Other	145	55	90	335	95	235
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	55	90	335	100	235
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,067,000	528,725	538,280	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	291,685	152,855	138,830	1,035,250	520,540	514,710
Education	37,035	8,115	28,920	105,195	20,910	84,285
13. Education	37,030	8,110	28,920	105,195	20,910	84,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	52,420	25,525	26,900	111,390	50,080	61,305
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	6,460	4,740	1,720	13,840	10,300	3,535
50. Visual and performing arts	45,955	20,785	25,175	97,550	39,775	57,770
Humanities	53,455	20,955	32,500	148,140	50,890	97,255
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,875	2,820	9,050	17,660	3,540	14,120
23. English language and literature/letters	6,265	1,920	4,340	41,970	11,575	30,395
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	16,240	7,070	9,170	45,505	14,730	30,775
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	190	70	120	740	345	390
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,530	2,200	1,330	9,615	5,405	4,205
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,565	1,100	460	7,505	4,705	2,800
54. History	5,260	3,050	2,210	20,195	9,940	10,250
55. French language and literature/letters	8,535	2,715	5,820	4,965	635	4,325
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110,575	40,835	69,740	328,240	111,705	216,530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,665	445	1,220	4,530	880	3,645
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,580	6,520	11,055	36,715	14,295	22,425
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,035	1,380	12,655	44,120	3,755	40,370
22. Legal professions and studies	20,640	8,225	12,415	58,950	20,950	38,000
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,215	615	1,600	5,295	1,275	4,020
42. Psychology	14,185	3,610	10,570	44,300	10,030	34,270
45. Social sciences	40,250	20,035	20,210	134,325	60,520	73,810
Business, management and public administration	184,055	79,015	105,045	564,595	248,210	316,390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	90	120	1,160	430	735
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,555	2,030	6,525	33,415	6,830	26,585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175,300	76,900	98,400	530,015	240,955	289,060
Physical and life sciences and technologies	34,915	17,965	16,955	103,055	46,585	56,475
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,520	6,645	9,875	43,415	16,535	26,875
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,635	2,710	1,925	25,865	11,000	14,865
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,090	615	475	1,995	655	1,335
40. Physical sciences	11,490	7,355	4,135	28,260	17,290	10,970
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,180	635	550	3,535	1,110	2,430
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45,775	32,340	13,435	148,790	96,820	51,970
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,730	28,385	9,345	118,355	81,355	37,000
25. Library science	2,765	645	2,120	4,220	735	3,485
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,625	2,845	1,780	23,830	13,135	10,700
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	655	460	195	2,380	1,595	790
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,855	107,035	20,820	373,050	316,715	56,335
04. Architecture and related services	9,630	5,365	4,260	25,325	15,870	9,455
14. Engineering	56,565	44,315	12,255	171,640	134,400	37,240
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,385	16,350	2,040	61,555	55,085	6,465
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	20	95	20	75
46. Construction trades	16,340	15,500	845	45,310	44,305	1,000
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,245	16,530	715	47,060	45,880	1,170
48. Precision production	9,655	8,970	685	22,075	21,155	915
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,060	4,150	3,910	24,915	12,845	12,070
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,570	2,475	14,535	7,740	6,800
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,020	1,585	1,430	10,375	5,105	5,270
Health and related fields	86,710	21,765	64,945	260,215	62,080	198,135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,535	2,815	2,715	21,080	10,715	10,365
51. Health professions and related programs	77,255	17,060	60,195	229,345	46,565	182,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,920	1,885	2,035	9,790	4,795	4,990
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,345	18,150	16,195	85,575	41,185	44,390
12. Personal and culinary services	21,990	7,735	14,255	52,095	15,715	36,385
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	285	245	40
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	255	240	15
43. Security and protective services	5,770	4,515	1,255	20,920	14,315	6,605
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,435	5,765	670	12,015	10,670	1,345
Other	120	35	90	285	80	205
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	125	35	90	285	75	210
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	592,575	287,690	304,880	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	998,410	483,035	515,370	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760
Location of study inside Canada	766,825	365,725	401,100	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300
Same as province or territory of residence	730,595	346,900	383,695	1,765,910	831,915	934,000
Different than province or territory of residence	36,225	18,820	17,410	147,495	72,195	75,305
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	231,585	117,315	114,270	908,605	442,150	466,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,020	9,365	6,655	83,885	46,165	37,725
Philippines	10,640	3,035	7,605	96,085	33,600	62,485
India	5,395	2,935	2,465	142,155	71,730	70,420
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,135	4,090	3,045	59,990	33,500	26,490
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,015	5,430	6,585	78,940	37,355	41,580
France	39,955	22,250	17,705	6,680	3,625	3,055
Other	140,420	70,205	70,215	440,875	216,165	224,710
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,067,000	528,720	538,280	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	291,685	152,855	138,835	1,035,250	520,540	514,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	775,310	375,870	399,440	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340
Location of study inside Canada	584,410	280,785	303,620	1,525,890	713,690	812,200
Same as province or territory of residence	556,135	266,180	289,960	1,408,565	656,055	752,510
Different than province or territory of residence	28,270	14,605	13,660	117,325	57,635	59,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	190,905	95,085	95,825	727,550	344,405	383,140
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,570	6,575	4,990	66,805	35,720	31,085
Philippines	9,045	2,505	6,540	81,210	27,965	53,245
India	3,905	1,980	1,925	122,145	59,885	62,265
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,800	2,760	2,045	37,190	20,385	16,805
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,835	4,830	6,005	66,635	31,040	35,595
France	34,215	18,870	15,340	5,615	3,030	2,590
Other	116,535	57,560	58,975	347,945	166,390	181,555
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900
In the labour force	1,019,360	529,940	489,425	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315
Employed	927,720	480,600	447,115	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250
Unemployed	91,645	49,335	42,310	249,360	123,290	126,070
Not in the labour force	571,625	240,795	330,835	1,644,740	675,160	969,585
Participation rate	64.1	68.8	59.7	66.3	71.2	61.7
Employment rate	58.3	62.4	54.5	61.2	66.0	56.8
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.3	8.6	7.7	7.4	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	553,110	233,515	319,595	1,592,740	654,475	938,270
Worked	1,037,875	537,220	500,660	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	466,195	258,815	207,380	1,694,705	941,950	752,765
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	571,675	278,400	293,270	1,591,645	748,775	842,875
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	42.6	43.3	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,019,360	529,935	489,420	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,225	18,855	18,375	90,210	41,705	48,505
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,085	471,050	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815
Employee	861,390	435,915	425,475	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	120,740	75,170	45,575	399,170	260,290	138,885
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,375	90,215	41,710	48,505
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,080	471,050	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815
0 Management occupations	102,460	62,870	39,590	376,890	228,640	148,255
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	174,400	64,685	109,715	576,955	203,575	373,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	86,460	67,345	19,110	269,965	206,395	63,570
3 Health occupations	66,460	17,440	49,020	173,475	41,565	131,915
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	128,005	41,290	86,720	357,990	109,080	248,905
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	56,345	28,500	27,845	127,395	62,535	64,855
6 Sales and service occupations	244,935	124,900	120,040	735,270	338,725	396,550
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,995	74,080	4,915	351,740	327,065	24,675
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,615	3,825	790	24,245	19,360	4,885
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	39,460	26,150	13,310	150,215	91,390	58,825
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,380	90,210	41,710	48,505
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	982,130	511,085	471,050	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,570	930	9,410	5,515	3,890
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	790	280	4,500	3,110	1,395
22 Utilities	4,680	2,860	1,825	15,860	10,905	4,955
23 Construction	31,500	27,345	4,155	191,430	166,670	24,750
31-33 Manufacturing	87,555	59,285	28,265	285,825	188,490	97,335
41 Wholesale trade	44,740	27,130	17,610	143,725	88,880	54,845
44-45 Retail trade	107,155	52,620	54,535	338,675	161,855	176,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	44,395	33,130	11,265	168,165	123,115	45,050
51 Information and cultural industries	43,110	25,720	17,390	106,940	61,970	44,970
52 Finance and insurance	49,540	24,125	25,415	247,475	118,710	128,760
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20,385	12,020	8,365	82,665	44,590	38,075
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	107,075	62,855	44,220	339,305	191,155	148,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,525	630	900	8,680	3,615	5,065
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	52,300	31,480	20,815	162,185	89,190	72,995
61 Educational services	85,270	31,335	53,935	229,025	70,820	158,200
62 Health care and social assistance	118,530	28,480	90,055	287,975	58,110	229,865
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	26,285	13,675	12,605	63,745	33,560	30,185
72 Accommodation and food services	72,915	38,965	33,950	204,315	93,560	110,760
81 Other services (except public administration)	44,295	18,450	25,840	134,570	56,235	78,335
91 Public administration	37,320	18,620	18,700	119,675	58,255	61,415
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	927,715	480,605	447,115	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245
Worked at home	65,840	34,655	31,185	218,365	111,020	107,345
Worked outside Canada	4,345	3,000	1,345	19,580	13,225	6,350
No fixed workplace address	74,690	51,335	23,355	346,205	246,815	99,395
Worked at usual place	782,840	391,615	391,225	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	782,845	391,615	391,230	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575,810	278,865	296,940	1,353,665	614,770	738,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	134,040	69,050	64,995	243,620	119,725	123,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,715	41,695	28,020	798,155	437,940	360,215
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	2,005	1,265	5,410	3,250	2,160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	857,530	442,945	414,580	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550
Car, truck, van - as a driver	427,530	250,230	177,305	1,714,795	982,905	731,890
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	26,400	8,575	17,820	154,360	56,295	98,065
Public transit	295,860	128,960	166,895	667,255	281,110	386,145
Walked	69,410	31,975	37,440	144,135	64,380	79,750
Bicycle	30,645	18,895	11,745	39,320	24,920	14,395
Other method	7,695	4,310	3,380	27,190	12,890	14,300
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	857,530	442,945	414,580	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550
Less than 15 minutes	130,495	64,645	65,850	391,400	177,910	213,490
15 to 29 minutes	287,415	153,305	134,115	783,980	398,445	385,535
30 to 44 minutes	244,380	130,560	113,820	726,575	394,790	331,790
45 to 59 minutes	107,170	52,160	55,010	372,095	198,325	173,770
60 minutes and over	88,065	42,275	45,790	473,000	253,030	219,970
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	857,530	442,945	414,585	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	43,455	30,780	12,675	158,945	113,980	44,970
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120,205	69,870	50,335	416,640	250,560	166,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	237,660	111,655	126,000	699,920	339,560	360,360
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	209,795	98,520	111,275	649,740	299,940	349,800
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	119,630	58,555	61,070	404,420	192,285	212,135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	126,790	73,560	53,225	417,380	226,175	191,205
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415
Single responses	914,950	471,330	443,615	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450
Official languages	901,375	464,545	436,830	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850
English	292,300	156,175	136,130	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120
French	609,070	308,365	300,705	11,940	3,210	8,725
Non-official languages	13,575	6,790	6,790	92,725	49,125	43,600
Aboriginal languages	50	15	40	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,530	6,780	6,755	92,715	49,125	43,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,140	690	450	1,865	1,065	805
Berber languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	45	60
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	85	30	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,120	690	430	1,755	1,020	735
Amharic	0	0	0	55	20	35
Arabic	1,000	625	375	1,165	760	405
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	110	75	30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	360	115	245
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	650	660	1,780	740	1,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	175	75	105	45	30	25
Vietnamese	1,130	575	560	1,735	715	1,025
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	60	60	1,105	415	690
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ilocano	10	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	990	370	615
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	185	60	125	25	20	10
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	60	120	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	1,910	905	1,000
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	30	30
Tamil	120	70	55	1,815	870	945
Telugu	10	0	10	35	0	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,980	2,910	3,065	27,005	14,870	12,135
Albanian	15	15	0	210	125	85
Armenian	110	60	45	140	65	70
Balto-Slavic languages	885	400	485	5,315	2,575	2,745
Baltic languages	15	10	10	55	20	30
Latvian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Slavic languages	870	390	480	5,260	2,550	2,710
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	30	10
Bulgarian	25	10	20	115	75	40
Croatian	0	0	0	95	55	35
Czech	10	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Polish	145	60	85	1,490	800	690
Russian	565	270	290	2,515	1,095	1,415
Serbian	10	10	0	160	110	55
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	30	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	105	35	70	680	290	390
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	755	300	455	380	145	230
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	20	0	10
Dutch	15	0	15	60	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	65	110	240	70	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	10	0	0	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	545	230	320	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	160	150	340	190	155
Indo-Iranian languages	925	545	380	10,855	6,035	4,815
Indo-Aryan languages	435	275	165	8,405	4,500	3,905
Bengali	85	65	20	300	145	155
Gujarati	15	10	10	615	210	405
Hindi	30	20	10	740	355	385
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	60	20	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	150	100	5,635	3,250	2,385
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Urdu	60	35	25	985	480	505
Iranian languages	485	270	215	2,445	1,535	910
Kurdish	10	0	10	85	75	10
Pashto	10	0	0	10	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	475	270	200	2,350	1,460	890
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,440	1,550	9,760	5,730	4,030
Catalan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italian	455	255	200	775	415	355
Portuguese	375	220	160	5,070	3,365	1,705
Romanian	230	105	120	245	105	140
Spanish	1,915	860	1,050	3,660	1,840	1,820
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	180	70	110	775	250	520
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Georgian	10	0	10	10	10	10
Korean	275	140	135	4,265	2,155	2,105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	15	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	35	350	140	210
American Sign Language	0	0	0	245	80	170
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	110	65	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,000	2,045	1,950	52,745	28,050	24,695
Chinese languages	4,000	2,050	1,950	52,700	28,020	24,675
Cantonese	1,615	785	835	25,335	13,205	12,130
Hakka	0	0	0	35	10	25
Mandarin	2,155	1,160	1,000	26,135	14,210	11,930
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	220	145	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	160	75	85	910	420	490
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	70	30	40
Lao	10	10	0	10	0	10
Thai	15	0	10	65	30	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	415	285	130
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	80	35	40	400	270	130
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	0	25	305	140	165
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Finnish	0	0	0	45	10	35
Hungarian	30	0	30	220	125	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple responses	160,020	84,100	75,925	80,805	38,835	41,970
English and French	144,525	76,125	68,400	16,405	6,285	10,115
English and non-official language	4,385	2,475	1,905	63,155	31,990	31,165
French and non-official language	3,725	1,770	1,960	85	45	40
English, French and non-official language	7,385	3,720	3,660	1,160	510	645
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420
None	585,490	298,310	287,175	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680
English	289,290	152,320	136,975	44,560	21,510	23,050
French	159,505	83,705	75,800	47,885	20,415	27,475
Non-official language	27,455	14,470	12,985	169,430	89,575	79,855
Aboriginal	120	55	70	155	50	105
Non-Aboriginal	27,335	14,410	12,920	169,270	89,525	79,750
English and French	1,145	535	610	85	45	45
English and non-official language	7,690	3,670	4,020	1,225	585	640
French and non-official language	4,370	2,405	1,965	3,160	1,480	1,675
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	25	20	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,872,860	914,480	958,380	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215
Non-movers	1,596,465	775,885	820,580	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235
Movers	276,395	138,595	137,800	732,260	360,275	371,980
Non-migrants	192,940	96,765	96,170	433,235	212,190	221,040
Migrants	83,455	41,825	41,630	299,025	148,080	150,940
Internal migrants	43,805	21,870	21,935	194,570	96,145	98,430
Intraprovincial migrants	35,005	17,190	17,815	168,510	83,115	85,395
Interprovincial migrants	8,800	4,680	4,120	26,065	13,030	13,030
External migrants	39,650	19,960	19,695	104,455	51,940	52,515
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,785,390	869,675	915,715	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915
Non-movers	1,013,590	485,800	527,790	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680
Movers	771,800	383,875	387,925	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235
Non-migrants	487,230	242,160	245,075	1,174,140	570,770	603,370
Migrants	284,570	141,715	142,850	967,975	474,110	493,860
Internal migrants	126,750	62,015	64,740	577,355	282,680	294,680
Intraprovincial migrants	105,505	51,380	54,120	510,305	250,225	260,080
Interprovincial migrants	21,250	10,630	10,615	67,050	32,450	34,600
External migrants	157,815	79,705	78,115	390,620	191,435	199,185