Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			Greater Vancouver, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Greater Vancouver, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,942,044	...	...	2,463,431	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,886,481	...	...	2,313,328	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	939,112	...	...	1,027,613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	870,373	...	...	960,894	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,889.8	...	...	854.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	499.26	...	...	2,882.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,942,045	944,490	997,560	2,463,430	1,202,175	1,261,255
0 to 14 years	304,470	155,320	149,155	362,110	186,780	175,330
0 to 4 years	109,740	56,060	53,680	116,270	60,045	56,220
5 to 9 years	104,385	53,250	51,130	122,730	63,390	59,345
10 to 14 years	90,350	46,010	44,340	123,110	63,340	59,765
15 to 64 years	1,313,915	653,520	660,395	1,714,005	838,860	875,145
15 to 19 years	97,835	49,365	48,465	142,280	73,180	69,100
20 to 24 years	139,720	69,190	70,530	167,270	85,385	81,890
25 to 29 years	153,505	75,655	77,850	179,940	89,305	90,635
30 to 34 years	152,195	74,675	77,520	182,630	89,925	92,705
35 to 39 years	147,480	73,440	74,040	167,950	81,090	86,860
40 to 44 years	128,970	65,105	63,860	168,370	79,445	88,930
45 to 49 years	125,505	63,790	61,715	184,285	87,850	96,440
50 to 54 years	131,865	67,065	64,800	191,375	93,230	98,140
55 to 59 years	127,010	62,680	64,330	177,095	85,595	91,505
60 to 64 years	109,825	52,545	57,285	152,805	73,865	78,940
65 years and over	323,660	135,650	188,010	387,315	176,530	210,780
65 to 69 years	95,180	44,325	50,855	131,035	62,615	68,420
70 to 74 years	72,390	31,985	40,410	89,675	42,495	47,180
75 to 79 years	57,290	24,010	33,275	66,510	30,605	35,905
80 to 84 years	46,700	18,670	28,030	48,820	21,960	26,860
85 years and over	52,100	16,660	35,445	51,280	18,860	32,420
85 to 89 years	32,310	11,365	20,945	31,475	12,740	18,735
90 to 94 years	15,195	4,360	10,835	14,875	4,905	9,965
95 to 99 years	3,950	830	3,120	4,195	1,055	3,140
100 years and over	650	100	540	740	155	580
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	15.0	14.7	15.5	13.9
15 to 64 years	67.7	69.2	66.2	69.6	69.8	69.4
65 years and over	16.7	14.4	18.8	15.7	14.7	16.7
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	2.1	1.6	2.6
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	39.1	38.2	40.1	40.9	39.7	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
Single-detached house	99,485	...	...	282,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	126,600	...	...	160,060	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	643,860	...	...	513,900	...	...
Semi-detached house	32,185	...	...	20,530	...	...
Row house	33,500	...	...	93,415	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	108,890	...	...	156,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	465,920	...	...	242,205	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,370	...	...	1,305	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	425	...	...	4,580	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	870,370	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 person	342,510	...	...	275,455	...	...
2 persons	259,295	...	...	300,170	...	...
3 persons	118,645	...	...	153,090	...	...
4 persons	97,490	...	...	139,175	...	...
5 or more persons	52,435	...	...	93,005	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,895,000	...	...	2,426,235	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,637,575	789,170	848,405	2,101,315	1,015,395	1,085,925
Married or living common law	799,705	402,505	397,195	1,193,125	594,180	598,940
Married	579,130	290,175	288,960	1,033,885	513,725	520,160
Living common law	220,575	112,335	108,240	159,240	80,455	78,780
Not married and not living common law	837,870	386,665	451,205	908,195	421,215	486,980
Never married	585,780	308,260	277,520	629,040	334,130	294,905
Separated	33,630	14,010	19,620	50,130	20,265	29,860
Divorced	127,000	46,890	80,110	128,045	47,280	80,765
Widowed	91,460	17,505	73,960	100,985	19,540	81,445
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	485,285	...	...	679,365	...	...
2 persons	241,425	...	...	327,260	...	...
3 persons	109,090	...	...	158,785	...	...
4 persons	93,220	...	...	145,805	...	...
5 or more persons	41,555	...	...	47,510	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	485,285	...	...	679,365	...	...
Total couple families	385,585	...	...	574,670	...	...
Married couples	275,400	...	...	495,065	...	...
Common-law couples	110,185	...	...	79,610	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	99,700	...	...	104,695	...	...
Female parent	81,190	...	...	84,740	...	...
Male parent	18,505	...	...	19,955	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385,585	...	...	574,670	...	...
Couples without children	178,105	...	...	260,290	...	...
Couples with children	207,475	...	...	314,380	...	...
1 child	82,305	...	...	129,480	...	...
2 children	85,985	...	...	139,080	...	...
3 or more children	39,185	...	...	45,815	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	99,700	...	...	104,695	...	...
1 child	63,310	...	...	66,975	...	...
2 children	26,780	...	...	29,305	...	...
3 or more children	9,610	...	...	8,420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	488,715	238,040	250,675	462,125	214,705	247,420
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
One-census-family households	469,260	...	...	600,775	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	172,615	...	...	226,490	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	296,640	...	...	374,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,855	...	...	37,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	393,260	...	...	322,525	...	...
One-person households	342,505	...	...	275,455	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50,750	...	...	47,065	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English only	220,425	109,555	110,870	2,130,565	1,058,310	1,072,260
French only	517,445	230,460	286,990	1,110	530	580
English and French	1,131,680	575,450	556,225	172,140	76,650	95,500
Neither English nor French	45,210	17,800	27,405	136,320	56,185	80,135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,914,755	933,260	981,500	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
English	543,485	270,085	273,400	2,265,310	1,116,840	1,148,470
French	1,164,335	562,200	602,135	25,710	12,825	12,875
English and French	163,025	83,800	79,230	14,470	6,635	7,835
Neither English nor French	43,910	17,175	26,735	134,655	55,370	79,285
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	625,000	311,985	313,015	32,940	16,145	16,795
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	32.6	33.4	31.9	1.3	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,914,760	933,265	981,495	2,440,145	1,191,675	1,248,470
Single responses	1,823,085	887,650	935,430	2,361,890	1,153,910	1,207,980
Official languages	1,195,590	584,190	611,405	1,341,640	678,670	662,970
English	307,080	153,045	154,040	1,316,640	666,170	650,470
French	888,515	431,145	457,365	25,005	12,505	12,500
Non-official languages	627,490	303,465	324,025	1,020,250	475,240	545,015
Aboriginal languages	580	205	380	860	390	470
Algonquian languages	310	120	190	315	135	180
Blackfoot	0	0	0	25	0	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	275	100	175	220	105	115
Atikamekw	25	5	20	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	50	25	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	40	15	25
Southern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	85	145	70	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	10	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	70	25	40
Algonquin	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	65	25	35
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	0	105	50	55
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	105	45	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chilcotin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	20	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	10	5
Inuit languages	210	60	150	20	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	170	45	130	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	10	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	140	65	70
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	35	25	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Siouan languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dakota	5	0	0	20	5	15
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Nisga'a	5	0	0	25	15	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Haisla	0	0	0	10	5	5
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	75	35	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	626,905	303,255	323,655	1,019,395	474,850	544,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	122,040	64,460	57,575	20,725	11,005	9,715
Berber languages	13,915	7,405	6,515	95	55	35
Kabyle	8,560	4,560	3,995	35	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5,360	2,840	2,515	60	40	25
Cushitic languages	695	330	360	1,355	675	680
Bilen	15	5	10	5	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	165	95	75
Somali	660	310	355	1,170	570	595
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	10	5	5
Semitic languages	107,255	56,630	50,625	19,225	10,245	8,980
Amharic	585	275	310	1,140	560	585
Arabic	102,805	54,340	48,465	14,320	7,720	6,600
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	25	630	305	325
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	440	240	195
Harari	5	0	0	25	10	15
Hebrew	3,435	1,800	1,635	1,770	960	805
Maltese	10	5	5	80	40	40
Tigrigna	305	145	160	695	340	355
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	135	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	45	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	24,425	11,465	12,960	24,195	11,070	13,125
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,980	2,315	2,660	1,210	555	655
Vietnamese	19,435	9,145	10,290	22,950	10,500	12,450
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	35	15	20
Austronesian languages	17,455	6,340	11,115	82,025	33,570	48,460
Bikol	100	35	65	310	140	170
Cebuano	650	230	425	3,210	1,285	1,925
Fijian	0	0	0	395	190	200
Hiligaynon	370	120	255	1,280	485	795
Ilocano	1,910	695	1,210	4,605	1,820	2,790
Malagasy	445	200	250	15	0	10
Malay	455	185	270	3,480	1,545	1,930
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	180	80	95	635	290	345
Pangasinan	80	35	45	265	115	150
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,980	4,650	8,330	66,825	27,275	39,555
Waray-Waray	40	5	35	180	70	110
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	240	100	140	830	360	470
Creole languages	36,850	16,270	20,580	610	310	300
Haitian Creole	1,320	630	685	25	15	5
Creole, n.o.s.	35,015	15,370	19,650	370	175	185
Creole languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	225	120	105
Dravidian languages	11,900	5,990	5,915	6,210	3,290	2,925
Kannada	200	105	95	225	115	110
Malayalam	335	185	150	1,750	905	845
Tamil	10,860	5,395	5,470	3,275	1,700	1,580
Telugu	495	300	190	920	550	370
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	40	15	25
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	130	70	60
Indo-European languages	328,955	158,575	170,380	416,565	203,240	213,325
Albanian	1,735	880	855	1,090	560	530
Armenian	7,455	3,530	3,925	1,060	525	540
Balto-Slavic languages	41,965	18,705	23,260	57,625	26,950	30,675
Baltic languages	570	200	365	645	280	370
Latvian	200	75	125	320	145	175
Lithuanian	370	125	240	325	130	200
Slavic languages	41,395	18,505	22,895	56,975	26,675	30,305
Belarusan	50	30	20	60	30	30
Bosnian	290	140	150	1,155	580	575
Bulgarian	4,300	2,060	2,245	1,725	805	915
Croatian	1,195	590	605	5,465	2,645	2,820
Czech	830	380	445	3,565	1,705	1,865
Macedonian	100	50	55	250	120	135
Polish	8,875	3,815	5,060	12,040	5,650	6,390
Russian	18,990	8,425	10,565	18,175	8,270	9,905
Serbian	1,490	725	765	6,300	3,220	3,085
Serbo-Croatian	480	215	265	1,145	545	600
Slovak	640	265	380	2,390	1,060	1,335
Slovene (Slovenian)	405	185	225	545	250	290
Ukrainian	3,680	1,590	2,085	3,990	1,705	2,285
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	180	90	90
Celtic languages	60	35	25	315	170	145
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	125	65	60
Welsh	15	5	10	120	65	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	10	65	40	25
Germanic languages	15,160	7,225	7,935	37,830	18,000	19,825
Afrikaans	70	35	35	1,435	730	705
Danish	205	90	115	2,065	1,020	1,050
Dutch	1,175	590	585	7,455	3,595	3,860
Frisian	5	0	0	80	30	50
German	6,075	2,695	3,380	24,055	11,340	12,720
Icelandic	55	25	25	155	70	80
Norwegian	115	60	50	835	410	430
Swedish	335	150	185	1,290	570	720
Vlaams (Flemish)	140	50	95	200	105	95
Yiddish	6,925	3,495	3,430	220	115	110
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	25	20	15
Greek	20,075	9,905	10,180	4,885	2,515	2,365
Indo-Iranian languages	52,615	27,185	25,430	242,400	119,930	122,465
Indo-Aryan languages	34,700	18,190	16,515	198,075	97,680	100,395
Bengali	9,620	4,915	4,710	2,680	1,395	1,290
Gujarati	5,120	2,515	2,600	6,280	2,955	3,325
Hindi	2,320	1,265	1,060	24,220	11,580	12,640
Kashmiri	15	15	0	40	25	15
Konkani	85	50	35	225	110	110
Marathi	195	120	80	535	280	255
Nepali	160	85	80	920	485	430
Oriya (Odia)	25	20	10	65	35	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,930	4,950	3,980	151,205	74,820	76,385
Sindhi	260	125	135	1,580	725	850
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	445	210	235	1,455	730	725
Urdu	7,520	3,925	3,595	8,875	4,535	4,340
Iranian languages	17,675	8,860	8,815	43,985	22,075	21,910
Kurdish	580	305	275	1,650	875	780
Pashto	905	480	425	1,070	570	500
Persian (Farsi)	16,185	8,070	8,110	41,265	20,635	20,630
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	340	180	160
Italic (Romance) languages	189,890	91,115	98,770	71,375	34,590	36,785
Catalan	215	105	110	125	65	55
Italian	74,490	35,605	38,880	15,450	7,735	7,710
Portuguese	18,525	8,890	9,640	11,950	5,655	6,295
Romanian	18,370	8,715	9,650	7,175	3,480	3,690
Spanish	78,220	37,760	40,460	36,625	17,615	19,005
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	60	40	25
Japanese	1,705	545	1,165	16,900	5,750	11,150
Kartvelian languages	140	70	75	65	40	25
Georgian	140	65	75	65	40	25
Korean	4,155	1,865	2,290	45,990	20,680	25,310
Mongolic languages	155	65	90	340	145	200
Mongolian	155	65	90	340	145	195
Niger-Congo languages	13,995	7,115	6,880	2,645	1,335	1,315
Akan (Twi)	790	390	400	405	220	180
Bamanankan	695	395	305	10	10	5
Edo	60	35	20	80	45	30
Ewe	330	180	145	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,185	615	570	20	10	5
Ga	55	25	30	35	15	15
Ganda	10	5	5	65	35	30
Igbo	80	45	35	160	90	65
Lingala	1,520	695	825	55	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,185	570	620	100	40	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,025	460	565	105	45	55
Shona	55	30	25	150	70	85
Swahili	895	425	470	585	285	295
Wolof	1,720	935	785	30	10	20
Yoruba	165	95	65	190	110	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,220	2,195	2,025	610	280	325
Nilo-Saharan languages	120	70	50	265	135	135
Dinka	0	5	0	80	50	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	190	85	100
Sign languages	415	220	195	620	330	295
American Sign Language	35	20	15	265	125	135
Quebec Sign Language	185	90	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	360	200	155
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,755	24,555	28,200	387,640	177,135	210,505
Chinese languages	52,615	24,480	28,130	385,355	175,990	209,365
Cantonese	15,850	7,470	8,385	184,365	85,070	99,300
Hakka	300	130	165	2,180	950	1,230
Mandarin	30,720	14,205	16,515	174,920	79,280	95,635
Min Dong	20	10	10	220	105	115
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,400	1,100	1,300	10,655	4,755	5,900
Wu (Shanghainese)	750	325	425	4,330	1,905	2,425
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,200	1,305	8,485	3,840	4,645
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	195	80	110
Tibeto-Burman languages	140	75	70	2,285	1,150	1,140
Burmese	45	15	30	1,035	530	510
Karenic languages	0	0	0	770	370	400
Tibetan	35	20	15	260	135	125
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	220	115	105
Tai-Kadai languages	1,845	830	1,020	2,750	980	1,770
Lao	1,495	740	755	800	405	400
Thai	350	90	260	1,930	570	1,365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	20	10	10
Turkic languages	5,555	2,835	2,720	3,700	2,035	1,665
Azerbaijani	205	115	90	495	275	225
Turkish	4,935	2,520	2,410	2,770	1,560	1,215
Uyghur	140	75	75	165	80	85
Uzbek	120	60	60	95	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	65	85	165	70	95
Uralic languages	4,020	1,775	2,245	7,640	3,535	4,105
Estonian	150	60	90	455	195	260
Finnish	220	70	150	1,900	770	1,130
Hungarian	3,650	1,650	2,005	5,285	2,570	2,715
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	395	210	180	365	200	170
Multiple responses	91,675	45,610	46,070	78,255	37,760	40,490
English and French	25,185	12,820	12,370	5,200	2,535	2,660
English and non-official language	18,760	9,105	9,655	69,885	33,750	36,135
French and non-official language	37,330	18,385	18,945	1,545	750	795
English, French and non-official language	10,410	5,305	5,100	1,620	725	900
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,440,145	1,191,670	1,248,470
Single responses	1,740,120	848,190	891,920	2,252,465	1,102,220	1,150,240
Official languages	1,390,200	681,120	709,085	1,631,365	811,500	819,870
English	437,070	216,650	220,420	1,622,735	807,235	815,500
French	953,130	464,465	488,665	8,630	4,265	4,365
Non-official languages	349,915	167,075	182,835	621,100	290,725	330,375
Aboriginal languages	230	100	130	105	45	55
Algonquian languages	135	60	75	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	60	70	15	5	10
Atikamekw	5	5	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	35	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	5	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	10	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	5
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	349,685	166,975	182,705	620,995	290,680	330,320
Afro-Asiatic languages	58,305	29,780	28,525	11,900	5,965	5,935
Berber languages	5,315	2,790	2,525	40	20	20
Kabyle	3,640	1,920	1,720	15	5	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	1,675	875	800	20	15	5
Cushitic languages	335	145	195	695	315	380
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	80	40	35
Somali	325	135	185	610	270	340
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages	52,600	26,815	25,780	11,155	5,630	5,530
Amharic	290	130	155	535	250	290
Arabic	50,575	25,800	24,770	8,680	4,405	4,275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	400	200	200
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	305	160	145
Harari	5	0	0	10	5	5
Hebrew	1,500	775	730	785	400	385
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	180	85	95	355	165	190
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	90	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,930	8,340	9,585	15,000	6,955	8,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,120	1,425	1,695	620	290	330
Vietnamese	14,805	6,915	7,890	14,365	6,655	7,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austronesian languages	8,615	3,420	5,190	35,335	15,585	19,750
Bikol	10	5	5	70	30	35
Cebuano	210	90	115	1,085	485	600
Fijian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Hiligaynon	115	50	65	355	150	205
Ilocano	695	285	410	1,465	625	840
Malagasy	135	70	65	5	5	0
Malay	130	70	65	1,050	485	565
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	55	30	25	135	65	75
Pangasinan	15	5	5	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,195	2,795	4,400	30,695	13,505	17,190
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	260	130	130
Creole languages	14,360	6,180	8,180	290	125	160
Haitian Creole	570	260	305	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	13,580	5,825	7,755	205	85	115
Creole languages, n.i.e.	210	95	115	80	35	40
Dravidian languages	9,265	4,605	4,665	3,355	1,695	1,650
Kannada	120	70	55	95	45	50
Malayalam	155	75	80	885	450	435
Tamil	8,700	4,290	4,415	1,935	965	965
Telugu	280	165	115	425	230	190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	5	55	20	30
Indo-European languages	185,570	88,155	97,420	220,600	107,100	113,505
Albanian	990	485	505	530	255	270
Armenian	5,185	2,375	2,810	505	225	280
Balto-Slavic languages	25,165	11,655	13,510	25,650	12,295	13,350
Baltic languages	135	55	85	160	75	90
Latvian	55	30	30	65	30	35
Lithuanian	80	30	55	90	45	50
Slavic languages	25,025	11,605	13,430	25,490	12,225	13,265
Belarusan	15	10	10	10	5	5
Bosnian	165	75	90	540	270	270
Bulgarian	3,115	1,500	1,610	925	425	495
Croatian	520	240	280	1,795	840	955
Czech	245	115	135	1,030	520	510
Macedonian	60	30	30	120	60	60
Polish	3,985	1,770	2,210	4,490	2,130	2,355
Russian	13,830	6,450	7,385	10,795	5,125	5,670
Serbian	870	430	445	3,470	1,760	1,715
Serbo-Croatian	200	90	110	435	205	235
Slovak	135	65	75	775	375	405
Slovene (Slovenian)	130	55	80	60	25	35
Ukrainian	1,725	765	955	1,010	470	540
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	25	10	15
Celtic languages	10	10	5	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	15	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	6,165	3,130	3,035	4,665	2,200	2,460
Afrikaans	10	5	5	520	250	265
Danish	25	15	10	180	90	90
Dutch	190	90	95	685	325	365
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	1,075	485	595	2,895	1,345	1,550
Icelandic	30	15	20	50	25	30
Norwegian	10	10	5	75	35	35
Swedish	75	35	35	220	110	115
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	20	15	5
Yiddish	4,730	2,475	2,250	15	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Greek	10,425	4,915	5,515	1,730	840	895
Indo-Iranian languages	37,260	18,705	18,555	156,835	76,640	80,195
Indo-Aryan languages	24,025	12,260	11,765	127,630	62,480	65,150
Bengali	7,295	3,620	3,670	1,575	775	800
Gujarati	3,290	1,600	1,685	2,740	1,210	1,530
Hindi	1,160	600	560	11,235	5,310	5,920
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	30	15	15	40	15	15
Marathi	65	35	30	245	125	120
Nepali	105	50	55	550	290	265
Oriya (Odia)	15	5	5	30	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,380	3,460	2,925	104,855	51,630	53,225
Sindhi	95	45	50	590	255	335
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	120	125	595	290	305
Urdu	5,350	2,715	2,635	5,165	2,560	2,610
Iranian languages	13,120	6,385	6,740	29,035	14,075	14,960
Kurdish	300	150	145	1,025	515	505
Pashto	675	335	335	660	330	330
Persian (Farsi)	12,150	5,900	6,255	27,350	13,230	14,125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	60	50	175	90	90
Italic (Romance) languages	100,365	46,870	53,495	30,665	14,630	16,035
Catalan	85	40	45	60	30	35
Italian	27,910	12,205	15,705	3,950	1,715	2,230
Portuguese	9,655	4,555	5,100	5,115	2,430	2,685
Romanian	12,610	6,115	6,500	3,215	1,545	1,675
Spanish	50,085	23,950	26,140	18,310	8,905	9,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	10	5	10
Japanese	735	310	430	8,235	3,375	4,855
Kartvelian languages	65	35	30	15	10	10
Georgian	60	30	35	15	10	10
Korean	2,950	1,355	1,595	34,225	15,725	18,500
Mongolic languages	125	60	65	160	80	85
Mongolian	120	60	65	160	75	85
Niger-Congo languages	3,535	1,725	1,805	725	325	405
Akan (Twi)	370	180	190	125	70	55
Bamanankan	180	100	80	5	5	5
Edo	10	0	5	15	5	5
Ewe	75	30	45	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	355	175	180	0	0	0
Ga	10	5	5	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	5
Igbo	10	0	5	35	20	15
Lingala	375	155	220	35	10	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	360	170	195	55	15	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	270	115	155	45	15	30
Shona	20	10	10	40	15	20
Swahili	275	145	130	155	60	90
Wolof	535	300	240	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	20	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	645	325	320	150	65	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	105	50	55
Dinka	0	0	0	45	25	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	60	20	40
Sign languages	585	345	245	830	460	370
American Sign Language	45	20	25	295	150	150
Quebec Sign Language	245	130	125	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	290	195	95	530	305	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	41,620	19,770	21,845	285,515	130,990	154,525
Chinese languages	41,560	19,745	21,820	283,885	130,170	153,715
Cantonese	11,620	5,465	6,160	132,185	60,235	71,950
Hakka	105	50	55	670	280	390
Mandarin	26,080	12,475	13,605	138,680	64,060	74,625
Min Dong	0	0	0	65	30	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,410	645	770	4,645	2,105	2,540
Wu (Shanghainese)	580	265	315	2,500	1,145	1,350
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,730	830	905	5,045	2,270	2,775
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	100	50	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	30	1,630	820	810
Burmese	20	10	10	685	350	335
Karenic languages	0	0	0	685	335	350
Tibetan	15	5	5	165	90	75
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	90	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	930	455	475	1,015	435	580
Lao	810	405	405	335	160	175
Thai	120	50	75	675	275	400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages	3,620	1,800	1,820	1,550	810	740
Azerbaijani	65	35	35	185	95	90
Turkish	3,315	1,645	1,665	1,190	625	565
Uyghur	100	55	45	100	50	50
Uzbek	90	45	50	40	25	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	40	15	25
Uralic languages	1,335	565	775	1,980	930	1,045
Estonian	25	10	15	75	30	45
Finnish	35	15	20	435	190	240
Hungarian	1,280	535	735	1,470	710	760
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	95	55	35	110	50	60
Multiple responses	174,640	85,065	89,575	187,680	89,450	98,230
English and French	34,135	17,340	16,800	3,475	1,700	1,775
English and non-official language	38,285	18,350	19,930	181,305	86,450	94,850
French and non-official language	77,415	36,940	40,475	500	225	275
English, French and non-official language	24,805	12,435	12,365	2,400	1,075	1,325
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,914,760	933,260	981,495	2,440,145	1,191,675	1,248,470
None	1,358,395	658,445	699,950	1,919,305	944,770	974,530
English	164,875	83,085	81,790	232,050	112,195	119,850
French	156,830	77,375	79,450	19,620	8,930	10,690
Non-official language	183,265	88,830	94,430	260,735	121,820	138,910
Aboriginal	280	100	180	800	375	425
Non-Aboriginal	182,980	88,730	94,250	259,935	121,450	138,485
English and French	21,910	11,010	10,900	965	435	530
English and non-official language	13,995	6,950	7,045	4,895	2,285	2,605
French and non-official language	14,580	7,085	7,495	2,495	1,190	1,305
English, French and non-official language	905	470	435	80	40	45
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,591,005	770,805	820,205	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,425	741,020	786,410	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,990
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,198	31,716	27,061	32,612	38,879	27,793
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,527,625	741,070	786,560	1,981,210	959,985	1,021,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,873	28,718	25,306	29,422	34,038	25,878
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,319,250	651,485	667,770	1,781,275	875,745	905,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,843	31,722	24,323	32,645	39,631	26,888
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,220,350	562,060	658,295	1,370,155	582,530	787,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,964	2,979	7,393	2,459	1,246	3,359
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,076,775	552,940	523,830	1,487,050	752,840	734,210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	31,811	26,411	33,621	40,050	28,268
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,590,985	770,725	820,255	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,526,955	740,630	786,320	1,978,880	957,440	1,021,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,670	50,317	37,410	46,821	55,848	38,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,527,150	740,680	786,470	1,981,625	959,975	1,021,650
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,155	39,256	31,292	38,512	44,592	32,798
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,318,335	651,120	667,220	1,780,850	875,325	905,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,430	51,690	35,370	47,281	57,128	37,762
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220,065	561,415	658,650	1,370,125	581,865	788,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,727	6,430	8,832	6,169	5,955	6,327
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,076,765	553,085	523,680	1,487,050	752,855	734,200
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,754	49,167	35,982	46,081	55,081	36,854
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,785
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	451,850	249,200	202,655	637,395	361,430	275,965
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	47,182	50,049	44,352	54,955	60,834	49,056
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,105	69,189	53,395	67,916	76,209	57,055
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	85.8	90.2	80.3	90.9	93.5	87.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	69.1	73.0	64.1	74.0	77.5	69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	14.2	9.8	19.7	9.1	6.5	12.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,715
Without total income	63,580	29,780	33,800	86,100	41,365	44,730
With total income	1,527,425	741,020	786,405	1,978,485	957,500	1,020,990
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.8	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	239,230	118,900	120,330	337,915	144,295	193,620
$10,000 to $19,999	304,770	130,870	173,895	345,805	143,880	201,920
$20,000 to $29,999	235,475	104,545	130,935	248,300	105,920	142,380
$30,000 to $39,999	186,815	89,430	97,390	211,515	94,955	116,565
$40,000 to $49,999	152,610	72,485	80,125	188,015	87,605	100,415
$50,000 to $59,999	107,705	52,510	55,195	149,455	74,735	74,720
$60,000 to $69,999	75,560	38,430	37,130	116,775	64,280	52,500
$70,000 to $79,999	57,765	30,275	27,490	89,555	51,260	38,295
$80,000 to $89,999	40,455	22,220	18,230	70,690	41,215	29,475
$90,000 to $99,999	27,515	16,235	11,280	50,825	30,925	19,900
$100,000 and over	99,530	65,125	34,410	169,635	118,430	51,210
$100,000 to $149,999	59,525	37,210	22,315	109,000	73,655	35,350
$150,000 and over	40,005	27,915	12,090	60,640	44,780	15,860
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,591,010	770,800	820,205	2,064,585	998,865	1,065,720
Without after-tax income	63,375	29,730	33,650	83,375	38,885	44,495
With after-tax income	1,527,630	741,070	786,560	1,981,210	959,985	1,021,225
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	244,915	120,610	124,305	350,380	152,065	198,315
$10,000 to $19,999	317,790	137,530	180,260	361,855	152,890	208,965
$20,000 to $29,999	280,350	127,895	152,455	293,480	127,930	165,550
$30,000 to $39,999	233,885	112,565	121,315	250,620	114,225	136,395
$40,000 to $49,999	161,415	77,850	83,565	209,335	101,565	107,765
$50,000 to $59,999	100,755	51,380	49,375	153,280	83,240	70,045
$60,000 to $69,999	64,225	34,415	29,810	109,410	62,820	46,595
$70,000 to $79,999	37,685	21,995	15,695	79,210	46,380	32,825
$80,000 and over	86,605	56,830	29,775	173,650	118,875	54,770
$80,000 to $89,999	23,470	14,370	9,100	50,810	32,310	18,500
$90,000 to $99,999	15,190	9,590	5,605	32,520	21,870	10,645
$100,000 and over	47,945	32,870	15,070	90,320	64,700	25,625
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,591,005	770,800	820,205	2,064,585	998,870	1,065,715
Without employment income	514,235	217,860	296,375	577,530	246,030	331,505
With employment income	1,076,770	552,940	523,830	1,487,050	752,835	734,210
Percentage with employment income	67.7	71.7	63.9	72.0	75.4	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	149,120	72,790	76,330	209,270	93,700	115,565
$5,000 to $9,999	93,250	43,420	49,830	112,350	48,000	64,355
$10,000 to $19,999	167,710	80,255	87,455	199,780	88,465	111,315
$20,000 to $29,999	139,770	68,060	71,710	164,960	74,780	90,180
$30,000 to $39,999	124,895	62,855	62,045	153,815	70,955	82,860
$40,000 to $49,999	100,740	50,140	50,605	141,800	66,710	75,095
$50,000 to $59,999	74,565	38,930	35,640	113,915	59,035	54,880
$60,000 to $69,999	55,000	29,590	25,405	90,840	52,060	38,780
$70,000 to $79,999	45,820	24,710	21,105	71,740	42,295	29,440
$80,000 and over	125,895	82,190	43,705	228,585	156,840	71,740
$80,000 to $89,999	30,005	17,920	12,080	57,565	34,490	23,075
$90,000 to $99,999	20,740	13,030	7,710	40,995	26,105	14,890
$100,000 and over	75,150	51,240	23,915	130,030	96,250	33,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	870,370	...	...	960,895	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,519	...	...	72,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,559	...	...	63,365	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	342,510	...	...	275,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,642	...	...	38,164	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,860	...	...	33,804	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	527,865	...	...	685,440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	92,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,917	...	...	80,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	870,370	...	...	960,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,614	...	...	96,423	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,682	...	...	79,421	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	342,495	...	...	275,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	49,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,940	...	...	41,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	527,885	...	...	685,410	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,413	...	...	115,102	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,682	...	...	94,764	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
Under $5,000	24,465	...	...	28,325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	21,890	...	...	15,385	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,235	...	...	28,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	53,475	...	...	38,305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50,070	...	...	36,160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,750	...	...	35,655	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45,720	...	...	36,315	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,060	...	...	36,535	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,110	...	...	36,630	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	42,660	...	...	36,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	77,510	...	...	70,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	63,470	...	...	65,325	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,580	...	...	60,005	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	43,035	...	...	55,025	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,265	...	...	49,190	...	...
$100,000 and over	184,085	...	...	332,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,300	...	...	100,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	39,105	...	...	72,355	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40,015	...	...	82,630	...	...
$200,000 and over	42,665	...	...	77,695	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	870,370	...	...	960,890	...	...
Under $5,000	25,565	...	...	30,260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	22,120	...	...	15,590	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	38,565	...	...	29,290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	56,115	...	...	39,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	56,305	...	...	41,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,835	...	...	42,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	57,450	...	...	43,900	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	57,290	...	...	44,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	53,145	...	...	44,380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	49,970	...	...	43,085	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	85,660	...	...	80,740	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	67,270	...	...	73,390	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	52,000	...	...	66,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	41,020	...	...	58,300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,890	...	...	50,780	...	...
$100,000 and over	123,165	...	...	256,755	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	52,170	...	...	97,835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	27,430	...	...	61,380	...	...
$150,000 and over	43,565	...	...	97,535	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	489,520	...	...	653,340	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,845	...	...	92,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,039	...	...	80,245	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	169,175	...	...	222,585	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,408	...	...	85,383	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,304	...	...	73,895	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	208,095	...	...	313,355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,649	...	...	112,167	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,750	...	...	96,888	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95,475	...	...	93,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,168	...	...	53,852	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,426	...	...	49,006	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	489,420	...	...	652,795	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,221	...	...	115,694	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	95,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	168,840	...	...	222,050	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,556	...	...	109,780	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,271	...	...	88,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	208,250	...	...	313,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,472	...	...	135,322	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,758	...	...	111,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	95,425	...	...	93,545	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,918	...	...	67,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,129	...	...	57,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	443,405	218,395	225,010	393,510	189,750	203,760
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,024	26,960	27,071	32,421	33,964	31,209
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	25,186	24,951	25,373	29,236	30,331	28,391
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	442,760	217,830	224,930	392,915	188,815	204,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	37,613	38,298	36,950	43,593	46,216	41,167
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	31,122	31,265	30,983	36,392	38,096	34,815
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,894,995	925,870	969,130	2,426,235	1,185,395	1,240,835
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,202,765	579,085	623,680	1,175,575	559,445	616,130
In the bottom decile	287,610	143,600	144,005	303,915	145,415	158,500
In the second decile	252,935	116,590	136,340	228,320	105,405	122,915
In the third decile	255,250	122,140	133,110	210,945	100,050	110,895
In the fourth decile	221,160	106,575	114,585	212,600	102,000	110,595
In the fifth decile	185,815	90,175	95,640	219,800	106,575	113,225
In the top half of the distribution	692,230	346,780	345,450	1,250,655	625,955	624,705
In the sixth decile	160,105	78,680	81,425	225,360	110,195	115,170
In the seventh decile	143,930	71,540	72,390	234,070	116,115	117,950
In the eighth decile	132,120	66,215	65,905	245,245	122,625	122,620
In the ninth decile	119,890	60,885	59,005	260,490	131,100	129,390
In the top decile	136,185	69,465	66,725	285,490	145,915	139,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,894,995	925,865	969,135	2,417,260	1,181,115	1,236,145
0 to 17 years	358,105	182,640	175,460	441,530	227,695	213,835
0 to 5 years	130,840	66,865	63,970	139,285	71,940	67,345
18 to 64 years	1,247,980	617,995	629,985	1,612,685	785,035	827,650
65 years and over	288,910	125,230	163,680	363,045	168,390	194,660
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	403,880	193,540	210,345	398,715	187,770	210,950
0 to 17 years	81,100	41,415	39,685	83,635	42,965	40,675
0 to 5 years	29,655	15,075	14,580	24,690	12,560	12,130
18 to 64 years	262,435	129,925	132,505	255,225	119,285	135,940
65 years and over	60,350	22,195	38,150	59,860	25,525	34,335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	20.9	21.7	16.5	15.9	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	22.6	22.7	22.6	18.9	18.9	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	22.7	22.5	22.8	17.7	17.5	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	21.0	21.0	21.0	15.8	15.2	16.4
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.3	16.5	15.2	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	339,685	166,970	172,710	337,085	160,485	176,600
0 to 17 years	61,200	31,295	29,910	67,065	34,355	32,710
0 to 5 years	22,345	11,355	10,985	19,175	9,740	9,435
18 to 64 years	236,690	120,520	116,175	232,635	110,555	122,085
65 years and over	41,790	15,160	26,630	37,380	15,580	21,805
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.9	18.0	17.8	13.9	13.6	14.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	17.1	17.0	15.2	15.1	15.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.0	17.2	13.8	13.5	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.0	19.5	18.4	14.4	14.1	14.8
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.1	16.3	10.3	9.3	11.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,894,995	925,815	969,180	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,835
Official languages	1,850,005	908,350	941,655	2,290,560	1,129,240	1,161,325
English	1,342,265	680,010	662,255	2,289,520	1,128,740	1,160,780
French	1,631,820	799,640	832,180	172,260	76,600	95,660
Non-official languages	900,345	433,465	466,885	1,220,345	574,040	646,300
Aboriginal languages	755	340	415	1,605	670	935
Algonquian languages	330	185	145	485	200	290
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	265	130	130	310	145	165
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	40	25	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	85	45	40
Southern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	20	10	20
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	75	180	90	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	25	0	20	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	140	40	100
Algonquin	20	10	10	15	10	10
Ojibway	10	0	0	120	35	85
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	30	60
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	80	30	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	50	10	40
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haida	0	0	0	60	35	30
Inuit languages	370	120	250	60	30	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuktitut	335	110	220	40	15	25
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	45	35	10	0	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	35	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	30	15	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	535	215	330
Comox	0	0	0	20	0	15
Halkomelem	0	0	0	150	60	90
Lillooet	0	0	0	20	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	225	100	125
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	20	45
Siouan languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	55	15	40
Nisga'a	0	0	10	65	35	35
Tsimshian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Haisla	0	0	0	25	0	25
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	45	35	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	35	20	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	899,645	433,150	466,495	1,218,825	573,410	645,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	188,110	98,615	89,495	29,225	15,270	13,955
Berber languages	18,525	9,830	8,695	125	80	45
Kabyle	11,195	5,980	5,210	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,440	3,905	3,535	70	50	15
Cushitic languages	1,045	510	540	1,880	870	1,005
Bilen	35	20	15	15	0	15
Oromo	25	20	10	190	110	80
Somali	975	460	515	1,675	755	915
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	178,735	93,595	85,140	27,480	14,465	13,015
Amharic	820	405	415	1,755	905	855
Arabic	162,300	85,065	77,240	19,990	10,680	9,315
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	40	715	340	375
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	545	270	275
Harari	10	10	0	55	35	20
Hebrew	16,165	8,435	7,730	4,585	2,360	2,225
Maltese	10	10	0	165	90	80
Tigrigna	255	125	130	935	510	430
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	290	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	435	220	215	95	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages	30,725	14,715	16,010	30,390	14,495	15,890
Khmer (Cambodian)	6,335	3,050	3,285	1,440	620	820
Vietnamese	24,615	11,780	12,835	29,015	13,890	15,125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	60	30	30
Austronesian languages	25,320	9,560	15,760	106,580	44,620	61,955
Bikol	105	45	55	495	205	285
Cebuano	715	260	455	4,185	1,625	2,555
Fijian	0	10	0	980	580	405
Hiligaynon	445	160	290	1,365	600	770
Ilocano	2,270	825	1,440	5,665	2,210	3,460
Malagasy	835	405	435	10	0	0
Malay	715	290	425	6,435	3,050	3,390
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	165	80	85	775	350	430
Pangasinan	50	15	30	445	180	265
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,770	8,440	14,335	96,290	39,665	56,625
Waray-Waray	40	10	30	280	120	150
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	320	150	175	1,175	580	595
Creole languages	70,350	31,455	38,895	1,820	975	845
Haitian Creole	2,895	1,370	1,525	60	25	35
Creole, n.o.s.	66,340	29,580	36,765	1,020	540	480
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,485	705	780	755	415	335
Dravidian languages	14,890	7,650	7,240	8,875	4,710	4,165
Kannada	365	180	180	445	210	235
Malayalam	395	225	170	2,580	1,395	1,190
Tamil	13,650	6,960	6,695	4,860	2,530	2,325
Telugu	835	485	345	1,425	835	595
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	65	25	40
Hmong-Mien languages	30	15	15	150	75	70
Indo-European languages	490,850	234,270	256,580	536,805	262,060	274,755
Albanian	2,065	1,045	1,025	1,135	580	555
Armenian	9,210	4,370	4,840	1,455	725	735
Balto-Slavic languages	53,575	24,605	28,970	66,125	31,535	34,590
Baltic languages	715	330	385	635	310	325
Latvian	240	110	135	310	175	140
Lithuanian	475	225	255	325	135	185
Slavic languages	52,990	24,340	28,645	65,675	31,315	34,350
Belarusan	190	80	110	205	95	110
Bosnian	330	150	180	1,780	890	890
Bulgarian	4,430	2,115	2,310	1,975	875	1,100
Croatian	1,795	855	940	7,995	3,920	4,075
Czech	1,275	575	700	4,580	2,140	2,435
Macedonian	140	55	80	345	180	160
Polish	11,085	4,910	6,170	13,820	6,540	7,275
Russian	30,185	14,095	16,090	24,000	11,325	12,675
Serbian	1,935	890	1,050	8,010	4,105	3,905
Serbo-Croatian	635	275	360	1,240	595	645
Slovak	850	395	450	3,060	1,425	1,635
Slovene (Slovenian)	570	270	305	725	330	400
Ukrainian	6,175	2,680	3,495	5,960	2,605	3,355
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	55	250	120	125
Celtic languages	280	175	105	1,175	650	520
Scottish Gaelic	85	55	30	350	225	120
Welsh	45	20	20	145	65	85
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	100	55	685	370	320
Germanic languages	34,400	16,995	17,405	57,255	27,520	29,730
Afrikaans	230	165	70	4,230	2,160	2,065
Danish	450	210	240	2,455	1,150	1,310
Dutch	2,350	1,225	1,120	9,200	4,340	4,855
Frisian	0	10	0	120	55	65
German	21,045	10,415	10,630	38,665	18,840	19,820
Icelandic	95	65	30	215	110	100
Norwegian	300	135	165	1,405	730	680
Swedish	920	410	510	2,765	1,205	1,560
Vlaams (Flemish)	250	70	185	220	125	100
Yiddish	9,880	4,910	4,965	385	175	210
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	75	40	30
Greek	26,310	12,845	13,465	7,230	3,675	3,555
Indo-Iranian languages	64,655	33,330	31,320	297,060	147,625	149,435
Indo-Aryan languages	43,825	22,985	20,840	248,620	123,215	125,405
Bengali	11,090	5,680	5,410	3,145	1,610	1,530
Gujarati	6,565	3,235	3,330	10,685	5,030	5,655
Hindi	11,865	6,415	5,450	70,505	34,305	36,195
Kashmiri	35	30	10	45	25	20
Konkani	115	55	60	375	185	190
Marathi	375	195	180	1,275	650	625
Nepali	135	75	60	1,180	595	590
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,800	7,135	5,665	187,530	93,595	93,935
Sindhi	350	160	195	3,140	1,340	1,800
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	925	440	485	2,140	1,110	1,030
Urdu	11,255	5,930	5,315	14,610	7,635	6,975
Iranian languages	21,235	10,575	10,660	49,445	24,950	24,495
Kurdish	675	340	335	2,070	1,095	980
Pashto	1,140	615	525	1,540	855	685
Persian (Farsi)	19,650	9,770	9,880	47,155	23,770	23,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	450	260	190	750	380	375
Italic (Romance) languages	320,755	150,495	170,260	118,715	56,405	62,310
Catalan	550	330	220	245	125	120
Italian	114,505	54,380	60,120	25,610	12,450	13,155
Portuguese	27,360	13,775	13,585	15,670	7,450	8,225
Romanian	22,115	10,440	11,675	8,265	4,075	4,190
Spanish	176,745	81,465	95,285	75,105	35,255	39,855
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	230	145	85	220	130	85
Japanese	4,275	1,930	2,345	28,630	12,410	16,220
Kartvelian languages	190	90	100	90	50	40
Georgian	195	90	95	90	50	45
Korean	4,930	2,315	2,620	50,640	23,170	27,470
Mongolic languages	205	110	95	320	155	170
Mongolian	205	105	100	325	155	165
Niger-Congo languages	26,800	13,565	13,240	5,810	3,020	2,790
Akan (Twi)	1,350	710	640	495	280	215
Bamanankan	1,305	685	620	20	10	10
Edo	145	60	80	115	65	55
Ewe	730	490	240	115	75	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,090	1,115	980	45	10	35
Ga	170	100	75	95	60	35
Ganda	30	10	25	105	60	45
Igbo	180	115	60	240	140	95
Lingala	5,470	2,455	3,015	235	105	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,510	715	790	105	35	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,420	680	745	210	95	115
Shona	105	55	50	265	125	140
Swahili	2,985	1,500	1,490	2,655	1,440	1,220
Wolof	3,295	1,800	1,495	30	15	15
Yoruba	590	330	260	505	260	250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	8,970	4,620	4,345	1,325	605	725
Nilo-Saharan languages	205	125	75	300	150	150
Dinka	0	0	0	50	35	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	205	130	75	250	120	135
Sign languages	2,135	890	1,245	3,540	1,405	2,135
American Sign Language	300	125	180	2,035	690	1,345
Quebec Sign Language	1,160	435	730	0	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	760	370	390	1,565	735	830
Sino-Tibetan languages	61,480	28,975	32,505	431,545	199,110	232,430
Chinese languages	61,355	28,905	32,450	429,070	197,865	231,205
Cantonese	20,895	9,735	11,155	223,705	103,510	120,190
Hakka	385	170	210	2,555	1,215	1,340
Mandarin	40,720	18,965	21,755	250,170	112,935	137,235
Min Dong	15	10	10	125	55	70
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,990	1,310	1,675	15,660	6,945	8,720
Wu (Shanghainese)	925	420	505	5,385	2,345	3,035
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,410	1,665	1,745	8,745	3,985	4,760
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	195	80	115
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	95	65	2,755	1,375	1,380
Burmese	70	40	30	1,385	685	705
Karenic languages	0	0	0	905	455	450
Tibetan	30	25	0	305	165	140
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	30	295	140	155
Tai-Kadai languages	2,785	1,315	1,475	3,810	1,540	2,270
Lao	2,100	1,035	1,060	1,125	505	620
Thai	970	400	570	2,875	1,100	1,770
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages	8,200	4,105	4,100	5,950	3,225	2,725
Azerbaijani	400	220	175	835	455	385
Turkish	7,400	3,705	3,695	4,875	2,630	2,240
Uyghur	175	85	90	105	50	55
Uzbek	185	80	110	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	175	85	85	225	125	105
Uralic languages	4,905	2,205	2,705	9,045	4,205	4,845
Estonian	105	45	60	495	205	295
Finnish	270	100	170	2,085	825	1,265
Hungarian	4,525	2,060	2,470	6,480	3,175	3,310
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,070	590	485	695	380	315
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,835
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,648,430	803,195	845,235	2,103,115	1,032,695	1,070,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	322,920	164,560	158,370	403,685	208,715	194,970
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,325,505	638,635	686,870	1,699,435	823,985	875,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	246,565	122,620	123,945	323,115	152,705	170,415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,187,260	582,140	605,120	1,358,990	686,180	672,805
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	644,680	310,250	334,430	989,545	461,660	527,880
Before 1981	141,755	66,725	75,035	209,975	100,680	109,295
1981 to 1990	74,335	36,560	37,775	120,730	56,305	64,425
1991 to 2000	108,760	51,330	57,430	247,835	114,340	133,490
2001 to 2010	181,195	87,585	93,610	268,470	123,245	145,230
2001 to 2005	74,840	36,150	38,695	124,890	57,190	67,695
2006 to 2010	106,360	51,435	54,920	143,585	66,050	77,535
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	138,635	68,055	70,585	142,535	67,095	75,435
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	63,060	33,425	29,630	77,700	37,560	40,140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	644,685	310,250	334,430	989,540	461,660	527,885
Under 5 years	58,110	28,910	29,200	78,020	39,580	38,445
5 to 14 years	97,545	48,375	49,175	158,290	81,570	76,720
15 to 24 years	128,855	58,300	70,560	204,760	93,100	111,655
25 to 44 years	314,350	153,930	160,420	424,180	189,745	234,440
45 years and over	45,815	20,740	25,075	124,300	57,665	66,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	644,685	310,250	334,435	989,545	461,660	527,885
Americas	140,935	64,340	76,600	65,330	30,720	34,605
Brazil	3,960	1,865	2,090	2,860	1,175	1,680
Colombia	9,135	4,295	4,835	3,080	1,400	1,675
El Salvador	6,965	3,470	3,500	4,405	2,230	2,170
Guyana	1,825	765	1,060	920	415	500
Haiti	50,160	21,900	28,255	265	110	160
Jamaica	3,555	1,525	2,035	2,230	1,160	1,065
Mexico	9,155	4,205	4,955	7,850	3,420	4,430
Peru	7,400	3,280	4,115	2,700	1,155	1,540
Trinidad and Tobago	2,895	1,305	1,595	1,940	900	1,040
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	12,335	6,325	6,005	26,445	12,755	13,695
Other places of birth in Americas	33,555	15,400	18,160	12,640	6,000	6,645
Europe	172,245	82,670	89,580	170,930	83,890	87,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	735	370	365	3,930	1,900	2,025
Croatia	1,075	540	540	4,110	2,075	2,030
France	38,165	20,010	18,155	3,440	1,800	1,640
Germany	4,240	1,780	2,455	13,520	6,475	7,040
Greece	10,320	4,995	5,320	2,885	1,520	1,365
Hungary	2,270	1,025	1,240	3,705	1,895	1,810
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	490	270	220	3,835	2,100	1,735
Italy	39,105	18,405	20,700	10,395	5,350	5,045
Netherlands	915	490	420	6,295	3,130	3,170
Poland	6,930	2,955	3,975	10,480	4,885	5,595
Portugal	9,480	4,385	5,100	4,660	2,315	2,345
Romania	14,250	6,555	7,695	7,110	3,450	3,665
Russian Federation	7,480	3,245	4,235	8,460	3,655	4,805
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	465	575	3,780	1,890	1,890
Ukraine	5,750	2,490	3,260	5,475	2,590	2,885
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,105	3,680	3,420	56,530	28,245	28,280
Other places of birth in Europe	22,890	10,990	11,900	22,325	10,615	11,710
Africa	143,550	74,055	69,495	32,100	16,260	15,840
Algeria	40,140	20,915	19,220	430	270	150
Egypt	12,710	6,535	6,170	2,110	1,135	975
Ethiopia	735	370	370	1,665	835	825
Kenya	425	205	220	4,065	1,875	2,185
Morocco	37,365	19,155	18,205	730	385	340
Nigeria	910	495	415	1,205	630	575
Somalia	440	205	230	1,010	485	530
South Africa, Republic of	505	275	230	8,205	4,270	3,935
Other places of birth in Africa	50,335	25,885	24,450	12,685	6,370	6,325
Asia	187,130	88,725	98,400	697,305	319,470	377,835
Afghanistan	1,490	735	755	4,865	2,445	2,415
Bangladesh	6,865	3,440	3,425	1,865	945	925
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	30,715	13,440	17,275	188,965	84,385	104,580
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	2,800	1,335	1,460	71,715	32,945	38,770
India	13,340	6,920	6,425	125,640	61,250	64,395
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,160	6,970	7,190	35,250	17,905	17,345
Iraq	1,980	1,035	945	5,215	2,660	2,555
Japan	1,150	300	855	10,675	3,140	7,535
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,800	1,265	1,535	36,860	16,745	20,115
Lebanon	20,015	10,680	9,335	1,860	1,040	820
Pakistan	6,725	3,550	3,180	9,220	4,725	4,500
Philippines	20,535	7,730	12,805	96,680	40,640	56,045
Sri Lanka	8,315	4,135	4,180	4,155	2,160	1,995
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,080	5,050	5,025	2,315	1,170	1,140
Taiwan	1,660	675	985	37,430	16,850	20,570
Viet Nam	17,845	8,295	9,550	24,025	11,235	12,795
Other places of birth in Asia	26,650	13,175	13,470	40,565	19,235	21,325
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	825	460	360	23,885	11,325	12,560
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	138,635	68,050	70,585	142,535	67,095	75,440
Americas	29,030	13,815	15,215	10,090	5,115	4,980
Brazil	1,730	870	860	960	445	520
Colombia	3,180	1,535	1,645	465	220	240
Cuba	1,265	650	615	70	35	30
Haiti	11,775	5,370	6,405	15	0	10
Jamaica	125	90	35	160	115	45
Mexico	2,595	1,215	1,380	2,295	1,160	1,135
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	2,510	1,415	1,095	4,065	2,155	1,905
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,125	540	585	220	100	115
Other places of birth in Americas	4,720	2,130	2,595	1,855	875	975
Europe	24,950	12,790	12,155	13,610	7,015	6,595
France	12,465	6,725	5,735	790	415	370
Germany	325	155	175	775	450	320
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	80	60	20	1,210	760	450
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	2,905	1,325	1,575	200	110	90
Romania	1,695	735	960	545	240	305
Russian Federation	1,445	680	765	1,410	500	905
Ukraine	1,640	750	895	945	380	570
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	520	345	180	3,850	2,235	1,625
Other places of birth in Europe	3,880	2,015	1,870	3,895	1,935	1,960
Africa	47,375	23,710	23,665	4,355	2,280	2,070
Algeria	13,150	6,440	6,710	55	35	20
Cameroon	4,260	2,085	2,170	50	20	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,655	785	875	115	70	45
Côte d'Ivoire	2,795	1,385	1,415	10	0	0
Egypt	3,215	1,720	1,490	510	280	235
Eritrea	45	30	15	295	165	130
Ethiopia	110	60	50	250	140	115
Morocco	9,615	4,790	4,820	115	60	55
Nigeria	400	210	180	370	185	190
Somalia	75	40	40	350	145	205
South Africa, Republic of	105	50	45	850	475	375
Tunisia	3,730	1,885	1,850	70	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	8,225	4,225	4,000	1,300	685	620
Asia	37,060	17,590	19,470	112,400	51,560	60,835
Afghanistan	255	110	145	855	450	405
Bangladesh	790	415	375	385	180	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	7,780	3,565	4,215	35,890	16,010	19,885
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	75	25	55	1,695	710	985
India	2,395	1,295	1,100	21,375	10,690	10,685
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,745	3,180	3,560	8,315	4,160	4,155
Iraq	380	180	205	1,850	910	940
Israel	490	275	210	300	170	130
Japan	245	25	215	1,850	465	1,385
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	665	260	400	6,640	2,860	3,775
Lebanon	2,285	1,270	1,015	210	110	100
Nepal	40	25	20	215	90	125
Pakistan	1,095	590	505	1,665	835	830
Philippines	4,825	2,080	2,745	20,200	9,055	11,145
Saudi Arabia	345	170	175	330	150	185
Sri Lanka	685	300	390	455	225	230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,980	2,030	1,950	1,785	900	885
Taiwan	105	50	50	2,330	910	1,420
Turkey	395	205	190	365	205	165
United Arab Emirates	205	90	110	335	175	160
Viet Nam	1,020	400	620	1,510	595	915
Other places of birth in Asia	2,260	1,050	1,210	3,840	1,700	2,145
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	225	145	80	2,070	1,120	955
Australia	115	80	40	1,135	605	530
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	105	65	40	935	510	425
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,894,995	925,810	969,180	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
First generationCensus data footnote 69	719,985	350,065	369,915	1,085,610	508,765	576,845
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	404,595	203,185	201,415	607,585	307,920	299,665
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	770,420	372,570	397,850	733,040	368,715	364,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	511,335	247,530	263,805	794,150	368,155	425,990
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	285,275	147,400	137,875	461,955	221,655	240,300
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	141,270	84,080	57,190	176,950	104,335	72,615
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	144,010	63,325	80,685	285,005	117,320	167,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	139,475	55,585	83,890	249,920	103,575	146,345
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	78,760	40,880	37,885	71,115	37,975	33,145
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	7,825	3,670	4,160	11,160	4,955	6,205
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,426,235	1,185,405	1,240,835
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	13,100	6,090	7,010	61,455	29,075	32,380
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	12,325	5,735	6,595	59,600	28,200	31,400
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	5,905	2,785	3,125	35,770	16,870	18,895
Métis	5,745	2,725	3,025	23,430	11,150	12,280
Inuk (Inuit)	670	225	445	400	180	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	300	145	155	1,065	505	560
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	470	210	260	795	375	420
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,881,900	919,725	962,175	2,364,775	1,156,330	1,208,455
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,895,000	925,815	969,185	2,426,230	1,185,400	1,240,830
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,380	1,665	1,715	24,115	11,160	12,950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,891,620	924,150	967,470	2,402,120	1,174,240	1,227,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,345	2,820	3,525	13,620	6,545	7,070
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,060	2,685	3,380	13,305	6,385	6,925
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,825	2,160	2,675	10,895	5,120	5,770
Métis single ancestry	905	430	475	2,265	1,190	1,075
Inuit single ancestry	330	95	235	150	75	75
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	285	135	150	310	155	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	85	95	285	145	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	95	45	50	20	15	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	39,260	17,620	21,645	61,085	29,110	31,980
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	38,625	17,315	21,310	58,700	28,025	30,675
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	33,525	15,010	18,515	38,750	18,490	20,255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,530	2,080	2,445	19,600	9,360	10,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	225	345	355	170	180
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	635	300	335	2,385	1,085	1,305
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	240	250	2,305	1,065	1,235
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	60	30	10	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,849,395	905,380	944,015	2,351,530	1,149,745	1,201,780
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,835
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,895	305,345	318,545	1,185,680	565,020	620,665
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	65,665	34,270	31,390	291,005	145,540	145,460
Chinese	63,465	29,420	34,040	474,655	221,985	252,670
Black	180,580	86,145	94,430	29,830	15,460	14,375
Filipino	28,680	11,625	17,060	123,170	54,260	68,910
Latin American	71,375	34,600	36,775	34,805	16,485	18,315
Arab	129,940	68,880	61,060	16,430	8,800	7,635
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	37,325	17,830	19,495	44,905	21,400	23,505
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	18,930	9,395	9,540	46,010	23,450	22,555
Korean	5,620	2,650	2,965	52,980	24,465	28,515
Japanese	3,060	1,175	1,885	30,110	12,575	17,530
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,545	2,630	2,915	6,490	3,160	3,325
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	13,720	6,720	6,995	35,295	17,420	17,870
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,271,105	620,470	650,635	1,240,555	620,380	620,175
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,894,995	925,815	969,185	2,426,235	1,185,400	1,240,830
North American Aboriginal origins	45,600	20,430	25,170	74,700	35,650	39,050
First Nations (North American Indian)	39,225	17,585	21,645	52,310	24,845	27,460
Inuit	1,145	430	715	600	275	325
Métis	6,150	2,850	3,295	24,510	11,775	12,730
Other North American origins	591,040	283,995	307,045	353,945	177,115	176,825
Acadian	6,570	3,030	3,540	1,520	770	745
American	16,130	7,775	8,355	32,115	15,550	16,565
Canadian	542,980	259,895	283,085	331,205	166,010	165,195
New Brunswicker	175	75	95	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	235	115	120	660	370	290
Nova Scotian	195	90	100	75	40	35
Ontarian	270	130	140	40	25	10
Québécois	37,925	19,190	18,740	745	435	310
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	40	170	75	85
European origins	876,355	429,400	446,955	1,195,190	593,595	601,590
British Isles origins	213,610	102,280	111,330	763,525	379,940	383,585
Channel Islander	220	95	125	160	90	65
Cornish	35	15	20	245	125	120
English	80,065	39,050	41,020	470,340	232,230	238,115
Irish	117,040	54,530	62,510	275,360	132,535	142,820
Manx	110	65	45	770	365	405
Scottish	71,115	33,825	37,290	341,075	167,685	173,385
Welsh	5,465	2,595	2,875	44,930	21,725	23,205
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,790	7,470	8,320	55,700	27,505	28,190
French origins	372,960	185,485	187,475	147,840	71,175	76,660
Alsatian	295	140	155	110	50	60
Breton	1,990	1,015	980	45	15	30
Corsican	650	380	270	75	35	40
French	371,250	184,600	186,645	147,710	71,115	76,595
Western European origins (except French origins)	82,830	39,975	42,860	312,330	154,110	158,220
Austrian	6,820	3,305	3,515	21,255	10,070	11,185
Bavarian	30	20	20	80	45	35
Belgian	14,125	6,890	7,235	8,205	4,065	4,140
Dutch	10,050	4,920	5,135	77,640	38,350	39,290
Flemish	445	230	210	955	490	465
Frisian	0	10	0	200	65	130
German	49,385	23,475	25,910	222,030	109,675	112,350
Luxembourger	355	175	185	325	175	150
Swiss	7,685	3,950	3,740	11,345	5,720	5,625
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	85	50	35	450	200	255
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,760	5,215	5,545	130,095	62,655	67,445
Danish	2,460	1,090	1,370	23,020	11,200	11,825
Finnish	1,520	685	830	14,085	6,670	7,420
Icelandic	515	270	250	11,055	5,475	5,585
Norwegian	2,860	1,475	1,390	49,330	24,045	25,290
Swedish	3,410	1,605	1,805	40,690	18,725	21,965
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	800	395	405	5,320	2,710	2,610
Eastern European origins	145,755	70,100	75,655	256,185	124,165	132,015
Bulgarian	5,500	2,610	2,890	2,940	1,365	1,575
Byelorussian	1,575	770	805	1,825	940	880
Czech	3,735	1,815	1,920	11,710	5,670	6,040
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,105	575	535	2,560	1,315	1,250
Estonian	630	330	300	2,545	1,175	1,370
Hungarian	16,875	8,270	8,605	25,855	12,720	13,140
Latvian	1,230	585	645	2,455	1,260	1,195
Lithuanian	4,225	2,105	2,115	4,160	2,000	2,160
Moldovan	5,110	2,490	2,620	720	340	375
Polish	46,865	22,825	24,035	70,590	33,860	36,725
Romanian	29,635	14,290	15,345	17,485	8,455	9,030
Russian	38,265	18,115	20,155	58,535	27,690	30,845
Slovak	2,405	1,190	1,210	6,345	2,945	3,400
Ukrainian	23,600	11,240	12,355	94,400	46,150	48,250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,545	1,315	1,230	2,235	1,010	1,220
Southern European origins	273,825	134,115	139,710	196,300	97,515	98,785
Albanian	2,295	1,180	1,120	1,330	665	665
Bosnian	580	280	295	2,675	1,315	1,360
Catalan	470	245	225	65	55	10
Croatian	3,175	1,600	1,570	15,665	8,095	7,570
Cypriot	255	140	115	345	195	155
Greek	35,805	17,910	17,895	16,085	8,280	7,810
Italian	168,110	82,250	85,860	87,875	44,495	43,380
Kosovar	260	140	120	170	85	85
Macedonian	415	220	195	865	475	390
Maltese	605	335	270	1,185	655	535
Montenegrin	245	140	100	600	285	315
Portuguese	29,890	14,800	15,085	24,575	12,050	12,525
Serbian	2,760	1,265	1,495	10,160	5,285	4,875
Sicilian	550	290	265	210	135	80
Slovenian	1,360	645	710	3,050	1,475	1,575
Spanish	43,300	20,870	22,435	43,985	20,385	23,605
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,270	570	700	3,275	1,470	1,805
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	130	85	45	230	105	125
Other European origins	24,805	12,690	12,110	18,865	9,790	9,075
Basque	1,270	705	565	470	275	195
Jewish	19,845	10,105	9,735	11,230	5,795	5,430
Roma (Gypsy)	250	155	90	325	120	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	95	100	510	250	255
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,450	1,760	1,685	6,465	3,400	3,065
Caribbean origins	119,515	54,900	64,620	16,395	8,195	8,200
Antiguan	235	125	115	135	65	70
Bahamian	225	120	105	160	90	70
Barbadian	3,765	1,660	2,100	1,310	690	615
Bermudan	60	20	40	155	70	85
Carib	300	115	180	60	40	25
Cuban	4,820	2,310	2,505	870	445	430
Dominican	6,945	3,160	3,785	535	250	285
Grenadian	1,495	590	900	280	155	130
Guadeloupean	495	225	270	10	10	10
Haitian	82,000	37,695	44,305	635	290	345
Jamaican	9,595	4,440	5,155	6,455	3,370	3,090
Kittitian/Nevisian	275	130	140	100	50	45
Martinican	1,025	495	525	20	0	15
Montserratan	140	70	65	20	10	10
Puerto Rican	285	145	145	280	115	165
St. Lucian	530	260	265	120	55	65
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,325	1,940	2,385	3,120	1,555	1,565
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,285	1,345	1,940	325	145	180
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	3,795	1,665	2,125	1,440	655	785
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,945	1,350	1,600	1,480	710	770
Latin, Central and South American origins	85,035	41,350	43,685	49,105	23,700	25,400
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	3,405	1,635	1,770	1,790	935	860
Arawak	120	30	95	60	25	30
Argentinian	2,740	1,390	1,350	1,360	610	745
Belizean	25	10	10	35	20	15
Bolivian	930	440	485	185	60	130
Brazilian	4,350	2,105	2,245	4,060	1,830	2,235
Chilean	6,855	3,460	3,395	3,840	1,840	2,000
Colombian	12,530	5,945	6,580	4,600	2,240	2,355
Costa Rican	595	300	295	455	230	235
Ecuadorian	1,615	715	895	740	355	385
Guatemalan	5,830	3,000	2,830	1,990	1,050	940
Guyanese	2,465	1,205	1,255	1,240	635	605
Hispanic	590	320	265	1,205	575	630
Honduran	2,815	1,355	1,460	1,115	585	535
Maya	960	565	400	625	335	285
Mexican	13,835	6,685	7,150	15,115	7,170	7,945
Nicaraguan	1,500	755	750	1,060	485	570
Panamanian	830	425	410	190	100	90
Paraguayan	190	95	95	280	145	135
Peruvian	10,190	4,805	5,385	3,100	1,435	1,665
Salvadorean	11,535	5,710	5,820	5,310	2,690	2,620
Uruguayan	870	400	470	285	150	130
Venezuelan	4,020	1,830	2,195	1,555	750	805
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,410	1,730	1,680	2,445	1,205	1,245
African origins	224,260	115,410	108,850	40,670	20,875	19,795
Central and West African origins	45,140	23,345	21,795	4,965	2,665	2,300
Akan	395	210	185	30	20	10
Angolan	470	225	245	55	30	25
Ashanti	65	55	0	65	20	40
Beninese	1,885	950	935	30	15	15
Burkinabe	1,245	670	580	20	15	0
Cameroonian	8,790	4,475	4,310	90	50	40
Chadian	655	340	310	10	0	10
Congolese	9,960	4,845	5,115	680	355	320
Edo	95	50	40	60	40	15
Ewe	215	135	85	55	25	30
Gabonese	450	195	255	10	0	10
Gambian	80	45	35	20	10	10
Ghanaian	2,240	1,130	1,115	1,270	705	565
Guinean	3,080	1,630	1,450	120	45	80
Ibo	135	60	75	200	115	85
Ivorian	4,360	2,195	2,170	45	30	15
Liberian	60	25	35	205	90	110
Malian	1,815	920	900	20	15	0
Malinké	400	210	190	0	0	0
Nigerian	1,815	975	835	1,680	925	755
Peulh	1,310	660	650	25	0	20
Senegalese	4,070	2,220	1,845	50	35	15
Sierra Leonean	80	40	40	90	45	50
Togolese	1,865	980	880	80	45	35
Wolof	355	210	145	0	0	0
Yoruba	285	140	140	130	70	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	3,410	1,845	1,565	400	195	210
North African origins	142,110	74,140	67,970	7,325	3,840	3,485
Algerian	40,120	20,825	19,295	615	360	255
Berber	21,550	11,345	10,205	185	115	70
Coptic	375	210	165	120	70	55
Dinka	0	0	0	15	10	15
Egyptian	17,790	9,220	8,570	3,405	1,780	1,625
Libyan	770	410	360	210	145	60
Maure	355	205	150	105	40	65
Moroccan	53,670	27,715	25,955	1,480	780	695
Sudanese	215	110	105	940	405	535
Tunisian	12,870	6,975	5,890	380	205	170
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,135	1,205	930	165	105	65
Southern and East African origins	13,315	6,550	6,765	17,295	8,745	8,555
Afrikaner	75	65	10	365	175	190
Amhara	25	10	10	110	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	900	495	405	240	125	110
Burundian	2,015	970	1,045	195	85	110
Djiboutian	220	100	125	0	0	0
Eritrean	335	175	155	950	505	445
Ethiopian	1,130	565	565	2,020	1,060	960
Harari	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kenyan	300	135	160	1,170	570	605
Malagasy	1,490	750	745	80	50	30
Mauritian	1,735	825	910	755	420	340
Oromo	10	10	0	120	70	50
Rwandan	1,995	935	1,055	305	170	140
Seychellois	480	220	255	15	10	0
Somali	1,230	590	635	2,110	1,015	1,090
South African	540	280	265	6,485	3,300	3,180
Tanzanian	140	80	55	425	170	250
Tigrian	60	25	40	185	95	85
Ugandan	115	50	65	595	300	300
Zambian	30	15	15	120	60	55
Zimbabwean	225	120	105	565	290	275
Zulu	50	20	20	60	25	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	875	425	455	1,390	690	695
Other African origins	25,930	12,605	13,325	11,690	5,945	5,740
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,125	990	1,135	1,460	750	710
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	24,195	11,815	12,380	10,320	5,240	5,080
Asian origins	353,565	173,390	180,180	1,128,155	536,680	591,475
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	137,895	70,990	66,905	86,090	44,390	41,700
Afghan	2,395	1,205	1,185	7,505	3,790	3,715
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	27,100	14,270	12,830	4,655	2,510	2,145
Armenian	13,180	6,420	6,765	2,845	1,455	1,390
Assyrian	185	110	75	450	245	210
Azerbaijani	435	225	215	890	510	375
Georgian	520	245	280	550	285	260
Hazara	10	10	10	55	30	25
Iranian	19,670	9,825	9,845	44,355	22,490	21,865
Iraqi	3,380	1,685	1,690	5,205	2,635	2,565
Israeli	5,195	2,745	2,450	2,070	1,105	970
Jordanian	1,075	565	515	590	310	275
Kazakh	445	220	225	275	175	100
Kurd	1,395	755	640	1,980	1,075	900
Kuwaiti	55	25	25	105	70	35
Kyrgyz	210	115	95	155	85	65
Lebanese	40,100	21,075	19,025	5,320	2,830	2,490
Palestinian	4,555	2,330	2,225	2,245	1,190	1,060
Pashtun	340	185	155	325	190	135
Saudi Arabian	550	330	220	545	320	225
Syrian	15,765	8,050	7,715	2,780	1,340	1,445
Tajik	110	40	70	240	120	120
Tatar	650	315	340	650	325	325
Turk	9,590	4,620	4,970	5,185	2,865	2,325
Turkmen	25	15	10	70	50	30
Uighur	295	130	155	95	50	55
Uzbek	340	165	180	245	135	110
Yemeni	610	320	285	255	160	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,765	980	785	2,135	1,105	1,030
South Asian origins	68,825	35,490	33,335	287,905	143,920	143,985
Bangladeshi	6,115	3,155	2,955	1,510	745	760
Bengali	3,575	1,730	1,840	755	350	405
Bhutanese	0	0	0	95	55	45
East Indian	35,830	18,630	17,190	243,135	121,175	121,960
Goan	160	75	90	315	155	155
Gujarati	340	165	175	615	300	320
Kashmiri	230	140	85	150	75	75
Nepali	180	95	80	1,155	555	600
Pakistani	9,510	4,880	4,630	10,820	5,610	5,210
Punjabi	2,125	1,235	890	30,670	15,525	15,145
Sinhalese	205	85	125	525	290	235
Sri Lankan	11,255	5,590	5,665	5,070	2,660	2,410
Tamil	2,505	1,320	1,185	1,055	575	475
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,585	875	705	7,200	3,545	3,655
East and Southeast Asian origins	148,715	67,730	80,985	759,855	351,250	408,605
Burmese	175	100	75	1,965	1,000	965
Cambodian (Khmer)	7,745	3,775	3,975	2,510	1,200	1,310
Chinese	76,085	35,390	40,690	499,175	234,015	265,160
Filipino	30,545	12,430	18,115	133,925	59,375	74,555
Hmong	35	10	20	115	55	60
Indonesian	790	340	450	4,935	2,360	2,575
Japanese	4,025	1,580	2,445	37,630	16,285	21,345
Karen	0	0	0	890	445	440
Korean	6,035	2,860	3,180	55,505	25,715	29,785
Laotian	2,805	1,445	1,365	1,775	865	905
Malaysian	425	190	235	4,235	1,955	2,275
Mongolian	510	230	280	1,000	485	520
Singaporean	90	50	45	900	420	475
Taiwanese	1,365	570	795	20,340	9,315	11,025
Thai	1,105	450	655	3,330	1,300	2,030
Tibetan	40	20	15	450	235	215
Vietnamese	28,155	13,530	14,625	34,915	17,065	17,850
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	225	105	120	625	265	365
Other Asian origins	1,275	675	600	1,805	910	890
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,275	675	595	1,800	910	890
Oceania origins	1,870	1,005	865	26,815	13,345	13,470
Australian	1,240	705	540	8,360	4,365	3,990
New Zealander	265	130	135	3,340	1,695	1,645
Pacific Islands origins	425	205	220	15,550	7,525	8,030
Fijian	35	15	20	13,080	6,375	6,705
Hawaiian	25	10	20	865	370	495
Maori	50	40	20	565	320	245
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	130	60	70	340	145	200
Samoan	10	10	0	245	130	120
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	200	100	105	675	325	355
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
Owner	348,230	...	...	612,005	...	...
Renter	522,140	...	...	348,700	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	870,375	...	...	960,890	...	...
Condominium	161,045	...	...	293,765	...	...
Not condominium	709,330	...	...	667,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
No bedrooms	14,110	...	...	17,180	...	...
1 bedroom	254,690	...	...	208,400	...	...
2 bedrooms	292,930	...	...	259,450	...	...
3 bedrooms	216,835	...	...	215,335	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	91,805	...	...	260,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	467,490	...	...	413,395	...	...
5 rooms	163,460	...	...	129,200	...	...
6 rooms	79,935	...	...	100,705	...	...
7 rooms	58,855	...	...	83,140	...	...
8 or more rooms	100,625	...	...	234,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	845,575	...	...	927,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	24,795	...	...	33,210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
Suitable	799,140	...	...	890,530	...	...
Not suitable	71,230	...	...	70,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
1960 or before	334,260	...	...	128,710	...	...
1961 to 1980	284,020	...	...	253,840	...	...
1981 to 1990	100,065	...	...	151,755	...	...
1991 to 2000	55,905	...	...	171,550	...	...
2001 to 2005	28,930	...	...	71,265	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,720	...	...	95,905	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	34,465	...	...	87,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	801,740	...	...	906,230	...	...
Major repairs needed	68,630	...	...	54,665	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	870,370	...	...	960,890	...	...
1 household maintainer	584,240	...	...	555,795	...	...
2 household maintainers	266,165	...	...	364,605	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	19,970	...	...	40,495	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	870,375	...	...	960,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	39,040	...	...	30,215	...	...
25 to 34 years	151,650	...	...	142,600	...	...
35 to 44 years	163,270	...	...	171,450	...	...
45 to 54 years	161,100	...	...	209,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	152,865	...	...	188,785	...	...
65 to 74 years	109,830	...	...	126,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	65,970	...	...	66,030	...	...
85 years and over	26,650	...	...	25,700	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	868,760	...	...	953,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	606,785	...	...	648,420	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	261,975	...	...	304,955	...	...
30% to less than 100%	219,820	...	...	240,995	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	348,225	...	...	608,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	59.3	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	20.2	...	...	25.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,218	...	...	1,376	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,366	...	...	1,622	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,785	...	...	800,220	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	462,244	...	...	1,005,920	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	522,140	...	...	347,220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.7	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.8	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	778	...	...	1,136	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	851	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
No certificate, diploma or degree	268,125	127,735	140,390	287,140	139,610	147,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	324,455	159,965	164,490	589,945	288,420	301,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,187,535	570,805	616,735
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	158,510	88,680	69,830	133,015	94,640	38,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	115,485	59,085	56,400	61,205	35,085	26,125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	43,030	29,595	13,435	71,810	59,560	12,255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	260,250	119,475	140,775	345,285	145,135	200,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	63,120	26,705	36,415	77,850	32,950	44,900
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	516,530	248,170	268,360	631,385	298,080	333,305
Bachelor's degree	301,965	139,970	161,995	415,805	191,250	224,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	48,790	22,955	25,830	44,855	18,920	25,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,170	7,760	7,415	18,130	9,810	8,320
Master's degree	125,995	62,965	63,030	129,655	63,870	65,785
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,610	14,520	10,085	22,935	14,225	8,710
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,067,000	528,725	538,275	1,392,440	671,965	720,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	112,980	59,375	53,605	111,570	58,090	53,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	178,710	93,475	85,230	339,185	168,975	170,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	775,310	375,870	399,440	941,680	444,900	496,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	119,695	65,705	53,990	93,815	67,360	26,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	88,605	44,645	43,960	43,160	24,930	18,230
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	31,095	21,060	10,030	50,650	42,425	8,225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	177,940	84,760	93,180	267,625	112,740	154,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	47,550	20,660	26,885	58,545	24,490	34,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	430,130	204,745	225,380	521,700	240,315	281,385
Bachelor's degree	248,180	115,200	132,985	342,235	154,945	187,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40,235	18,395	21,840	35,945	14,735	21,210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	11,910	5,425	6,485	14,490	7,215	7,280
Master's degree	109,920	54,580	55,340	111,335	53,025	58,305
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,885	11,150	8,725	17,695	10,395	7,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,780
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	592,575	287,695	304,880	877,080	428,030	449,050
Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	69,880	15,410	54,465
13. Education	53,045	11,820	41,225	69,880	15,415	54,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65,705	31,355	34,350	67,210	31,005	36,200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,345	6,205	2,140	11,495	8,715	2,780
50. Visual and performing arts	57,365	25,145	32,220	55,710	22,295	33,420
Humanities	77,355	30,055	47,300	79,940	30,295	49,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15,000	3,490	11,510	11,125	2,575	8,545
23. English language and literature/letters	8,220	2,515	5,700	22,630	7,010	15,625
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	27,880	11,405	16,475	24,845	9,590	15,260
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	285	105	185	345	135	210
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,830	2,990	1,840	4,010	2,390	1,620
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,430	1,705	725	5,345	3,190	2,160
54. History	7,040	3,975	3,060	9,335	4,975	4,360
55. French language and literature/letters	11,675	3,875	7,805	2,305	430	1,870
Social and behavioural sciences and law	141,250	52,575	88,675	155,565	57,725	97,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,010	530	1,480	2,610	690	1,925
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20,935	7,630	13,305	16,575	5,980	10,595
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,860	1,995	15,865	19,095	1,740	17,350
22. Legal professions and studies	25,305	10,650	14,655	24,595	9,275	15,320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,105	835	2,275	2,635	775	1,860
42. Psychology	18,865	4,905	13,955	26,775	7,545	19,235
45. Social sciences	53,170	26,025	27,145	63,280	31,730	31,550
Business, management and public administration	228,555	98,790	129,760	260,400	112,020	148,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	95	145	415	130	290
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,680	2,520	8,165	10,235	2,470	7,765
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	217,625	96,175	121,455	249,745	109,420	140,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,035	27,060	23,975	55,940	29,305	26,640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,305	8,320	11,980	22,715	10,225	12,490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,495	5,530	3,970	13,390	6,570	6,820
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	4,380	2,310	2,065	635	160	470
40. Physical sciences	15,330	10,085	5,240	17,610	11,790	5,815
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,525	805	720	1,600	565	1,035
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	52,280	36,525	15,760	56,690	37,010	19,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	41,680	31,280	10,405	44,920	31,725	13,190
25. Library science	3,625	755	2,870	3,210	480	2,725
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,135	3,855	2,275	7,975	4,430	3,550
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	840	630	205	595	375	215
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,710	137,995	23,710	211,910	186,360	25,555
04. Architecture and related services	11,440	6,565	4,875	11,380	7,200	4,185
14. Engineering	66,425	52,940	13,490	74,080	59,710	14,370
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,465	21,825	2,635	33,830	29,890	3,940
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	15	35	25	15
46. Construction trades	22,655	21,670	985	39,190	37,980	1,215
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,180	22,285	890	35,810	34,715	1,095
48. Precision production	13,525	12,700	820	17,580	16,840	745
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,600	5,025	4,570	16,890	9,535	7,355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,105	3,180	2,920	10,385	5,480	4,905
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,500	1,845	1,650	6,505	4,060	2,450
Health and related fields	113,455	28,650	84,800	159,905	36,460	123,445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,710	3,425	3,285	12,705	6,580	6,125
51. Health professions and related programs	101,665	22,475	79,185	141,905	26,980	114,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,085	2,755	2,335	5,300	2,910	2,390
Personal, protective and transportation services	44,270	23,130	21,140	52,975	25,595	27,375
12. Personal and culinary services	28,675	10,020	18,660	36,770	12,025	24,740
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	0	90	85	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	170	0	265	255	15
43. Security and protective services	7,455	5,825	1,630	5,915	4,425	1,490
49. Transportation and materials moving	7,905	7,060	845	9,935	8,810	1,125
Other	145	55	90	220	70	155
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	55	90	225	70	150
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,067,000	528,725	538,280	1,392,435	671,970	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	291,685	152,855	138,830	450,760	227,065	223,690
Education	37,035	8,115	28,920	49,160	10,165	38,995
13. Education	37,030	8,110	28,920	49,160	10,165	38,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	52,420	25,525	26,900	54,535	25,045	29,485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	6,460	4,740	1,720	9,120	6,970	2,145
50. Visual and performing arts	45,955	20,785	25,175	45,420	18,075	27,340
Humanities	53,455	20,955	32,500	62,805	23,065	39,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	11,875	2,820	9,050	8,935	1,885	7,060
23. English language and literature/letters	6,265	1,920	4,340	17,555	5,320	12,235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	16,240	7,070	9,170	20,030	7,495	12,530
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	190	70	120	270	115	155
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,530	2,200	1,330	3,140	1,830	1,310
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,565	1,100	460	3,965	2,345	1,620
54. History	5,260	3,050	2,210	7,210	3,750	3,460
55. French language and literature/letters	8,535	2,715	5,820	1,710	325	1,380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	110,575	40,835	69,740	127,395	45,820	81,575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,665	445	1,220	2,270	580	1,685
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,580	6,520	11,055	14,210	5,005	9,205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,035	1,380	12,655	15,160	1,385	13,775
22. Legal professions and studies	20,640	8,225	12,415	20,290	6,915	13,375
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,215	615	1,600	2,135	615	1,515
42. Psychology	14,185	3,610	10,570	21,465	5,815	15,650
45. Social sciences	40,250	20,035	20,210	51,875	25,505	26,370
Business, management and public administration	184,055	79,015	105,045	213,390	90,380	123,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	90	120	310	110	205
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,555	2,030	6,525	8,095	1,895	6,200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	175,300	76,900	98,400	204,980	88,375	116,610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	34,915	17,965	16,955	42,720	21,690	21,025
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,520	6,645	9,875	18,145	8,020	10,125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,635	2,710	1,925	9,880	4,680	5,190
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,090	615	475	500	120	380
40. Physical sciences	11,490	7,355	4,135	13,100	8,505	4,600
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,180	635	550	1,090	370	725
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45,775	32,340	13,435	49,880	32,880	16,995
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	37,730	28,385	9,345	40,915	28,950	11,965
25. Library science	2,765	645	2,120	2,350	365	1,980
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,625	2,845	1,780	6,115	3,265	2,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	655	460	195	500	305	190
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,855	107,035	20,820	162,555	140,255	22,295
04. Architecture and related services	9,630	5,365	4,260	9,170	5,455	3,720
14. Engineering	56,565	44,315	12,255	60,355	47,375	12,980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,385	16,350	2,040	24,980	21,790	3,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	10	20	30	20	10
46. Construction trades	16,340	15,500	845	29,305	28,340	965
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	17,245	16,530	715	26,760	25,920	840
48. Precision production	9,655	8,970	685	11,945	11,360	585
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,060	4,150	3,910	13,480	7,310	6,175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,570	2,475	8,225	4,160	4,060
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,020	1,585	1,430	5,255	3,150	2,110
Health and related fields	86,710	21,765	64,945	125,490	28,745	96,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,535	2,815	2,715	10,075	5,185	4,890
51. Health professions and related programs	77,255	17,060	60,195	111,260	21,465	89,795
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,920	1,885	2,035	4,150	2,095	2,055
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,345	18,150	16,195	40,090	19,480	20,615
12. Personal and culinary services	21,990	7,735	14,255	27,525	9,115	18,415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	25	10	50	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	120	0	100	95	0
43. Security and protective services	5,770	4,515	1,255	4,830	3,550	1,285
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,435	5,765	670	7,590	6,675	915
Other	120	35	90	180	55	125
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	125	35	90	180	55	125
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,064,610	998,830	1,065,785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	592,575	287,690	304,880	877,080	428,030	449,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	998,410	483,035	515,370	1,187,535	570,800	616,730
Location of study inside Canada	766,825	365,725	401,100	808,030	390,720	417,305
Same as province or territory of residence	730,595	346,900	383,695	651,955	311,410	340,540
Different than province or territory of residence	36,225	18,820	17,410	156,075	79,315	76,765
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	231,585	117,315	114,270	379,505	180,085	199,425
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	16,020	9,365	6,655	42,495	23,540	18,950
Philippines	10,640	3,035	7,605	48,070	17,830	30,235
India	5,395	2,935	2,465	35,220	17,470	17,750
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	7,135	4,090	3,045	33,175	18,105	15,075
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,015	5,430	6,585	58,575	26,315	32,260
France	39,955	22,250	17,705	3,360	1,850	1,510
Other	140,420	70,205	70,215	158,620	74,970	83,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,067,000	528,720	538,280	1,392,440	671,965	720,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	291,685	152,855	138,835	450,755	227,065	223,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	775,310	375,870	399,440	941,680	444,900	496,780
Location of study inside Canada	584,410	280,785	303,620	641,620	307,965	333,660
Same as province or territory of residence	556,135	266,180	289,960	522,570	247,290	275,280
Different than province or territory of residence	28,270	14,605	13,660	119,050	60,675	58,380
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	190,905	95,085	95,825	300,060	136,945	163,120
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,570	6,575	4,990	31,755	17,170	14,585
Philippines	9,045	2,505	6,540	41,080	15,065	26,015
India	3,905	1,980	1,925	29,660	14,025	15,640
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,800	2,760	2,045	21,325	11,475	9,850
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	10,835	4,830	6,005	50,710	22,290	28,420
France	34,215	18,870	15,340	2,810	1,575	1,245
Other	116,535	57,560	58,975	122,715	55,350	67,365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,590,980	770,730	820,255	2,064,615	998,830	1,065,780
In the labour force	1,019,360	529,940	489,425	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Employed	927,720	480,600	447,115	1,276,900	663,790	613,115
Unemployed	91,645	49,335	42,310	78,620	39,575	39,045
Not in the labour force	571,625	240,795	330,835	709,095	295,475	413,625
Participation rate	64.1	68.8	59.7	65.7	70.4	61.2
Employment rate	58.3	62.4	54.5	61.8	66.5	57.5
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.3	8.6	5.8	5.6	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,590,985	770,730	820,255	2,064,615	998,835	1,065,780
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	553,110	233,515	319,595	665,510	276,425	389,090
Worked	1,037,875	537,220	500,660	1,399,105	722,405	676,695
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	466,195	258,815	207,380	657,635	374,990	282,655
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	571,675	278,400	293,270	741,460	347,420	394,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.1	41.2	42.2	43.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,019,360	529,935	489,420	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,225	18,855	18,375	24,955	11,635	13,330
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,085	471,050	1,330,560	691,730	638,830
Employee	861,390	435,915	425,475	1,150,055	579,380	570,680
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	120,740	75,170	45,575	180,510	112,355	68,150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,375	24,955	11,635	13,325
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	982,135	511,080	471,050	1,330,565	691,730	638,835
0 Management occupations	102,460	62,870	39,590	156,615	97,575	59,040
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	174,400	64,685	109,715	222,325	71,120	151,205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	86,460	67,345	19,110	101,410	79,690	21,715
3 Health occupations	66,460	17,440	49,020	83,995	20,065	63,930
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	128,005	41,290	86,720	148,620	49,535	99,085
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	56,345	28,500	27,845	61,980	31,655	30,320
6 Sales and service occupations	244,935	124,900	120,040	331,590	147,165	184,430
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	78,995	74,080	4,915	167,640	157,865	9,770
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,615	3,825	790	17,660	12,070	5,585
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	39,460	26,150	13,310	38,745	24,985	13,760
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,019,360	529,935	489,425	1,355,520	703,360	652,160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	37,230	18,855	18,380	24,955	11,635	13,325
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	982,130	511,085	471,050	1,330,565	691,730	638,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,570	930	13,020	6,860	6,160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	790	280	4,475	3,245	1,225
22 Utilities	4,680	2,860	1,825	6,840	4,430	2,410
23 Construction	31,500	27,345	4,155	98,365	85,810	12,555
31-33 Manufacturing	87,555	59,285	28,265	84,355	56,870	27,485
41 Wholesale trade	44,740	27,130	17,610	55,415	36,140	19,280
44-45 Retail trade	107,155	52,620	54,535	150,000	70,385	79,610
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	44,395	33,130	11,265	74,775	57,465	17,320
51 Information and cultural industries	43,110	25,720	17,390	50,230	31,635	18,595
52 Finance and insurance	49,540	24,125	25,415	65,250	28,935	36,310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20,385	12,020	8,365	35,440	19,460	15,980
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	107,075	62,855	44,220	133,130	74,620	58,510
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,525	630	900	3,185	1,450	1,735
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	52,300	31,480	20,815	61,005	35,270	25,730
61 Educational services	85,270	31,335	53,935	99,835	33,935	65,895
62 Health care and social assistance	118,530	28,480	90,055	137,665	28,495	109,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	26,285	13,675	12,605	31,530	15,900	15,635
72 Accommodation and food services	72,915	38,965	33,950	111,365	48,700	62,665
81 Other services (except public administration)	44,295	18,450	25,840	60,840	24,875	35,970
91 Public administration	37,320	18,620	18,700	53,855	27,260	26,595
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	927,715	480,605	447,115	1,276,900	663,785	613,115
Worked at home	65,840	34,655	31,185	104,865	52,665	52,200
Worked outside Canada	4,345	3,000	1,345	12,825	9,110	3,715
No fixed workplace address	74,690	51,335	23,355	169,320	123,645	45,680
Worked at usual place	782,840	391,615	391,225	989,890	478,370	511,520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	782,845	391,615	391,230	989,890	478,370	511,515
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575,810	278,865	296,940	436,405	192,755	243,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	134,040	69,050	64,995	534,530	274,720	259,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	69,715	41,695	28,020	14,895	8,330	6,570
Commute to a different province or territory	3,275	2,005	1,265	4,060	2,565	1,490
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,159,210	602,015	557,195
Car, truck, van - as a driver	427,530	250,230	177,305	745,820	419,660	326,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	26,400	8,575	17,820	58,040	22,500	35,535
Public transit	295,860	128,960	166,895	235,985	100,450	135,535
Walked	69,410	31,975	37,440	77,830	33,760	44,070
Bicycle	30,645	18,895	11,745	27,235	17,585	9,650
Other method	7,695	4,310	3,380	14,310	8,060	6,250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	857,530	442,945	414,580	1,159,215	602,015	557,200
Less than 15 minutes	130,495	64,645	65,850	207,760	93,360	114,400
15 to 29 minutes	287,415	153,305	134,115	375,370	191,565	183,805
30 to 44 minutes	244,380	130,560	113,820	306,130	169,105	137,030
45 to 59 minutes	107,170	52,160	55,010	139,550	76,570	62,975
60 minutes and over	88,065	42,275	45,790	130,400	71,410	58,990
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	857,530	442,945	414,585	1,159,215	602,015	557,200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	43,455	30,780	12,675	75,910	52,030	23,880
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120,205	69,870	50,335	182,840	110,300	72,540
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	237,660	111,655	126,000	282,190	141,805	140,385
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	209,795	98,520	111,275	260,325	120,855	139,470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	119,630	58,555	61,070	183,650	83,955	99,695
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	126,790	73,560	53,225	174,300	93,070	81,235
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	1,449,815	746,815	703,000
Single responses	914,950	471,330	443,615	1,408,670	726,520	682,150
Official languages	901,375	464,545	436,830	1,333,805	686,635	647,170
English	292,300	156,175	136,130	1,330,560	685,755	644,805
French	609,070	308,365	300,705	3,240	880	2,360
Non-official languages	13,575	6,790	6,790	74,865	39,885	34,980
Aboriginal languages	50	15	40	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,530	6,780	6,755	74,855	39,880	34,980
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,140	690	450	390	250	140
Berber languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,120	690	430	380	250	135
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,000	625	375	275	195	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	75	30	45
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	650	660	2,000	915	1,090
Khmer (Cambodian)	175	75	105	20	15	10
Vietnamese	1,130	575	560	1,985	905	1,080
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	60	60	745	360	380
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	35	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	630	300	330
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	20	15	0
Creole languages	185	60	125	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	60	120	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	120	70	55	30	10	15
Telugu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,980	2,910	3,065	17,425	10,045	7,375
Albanian	15	15	0	15	15	0
Armenian	110	60	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	885	400	485	725	335	390
Baltic languages	15	10	10	10	10	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	870	390	480	720	330	385
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	10	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	145	60	85	95	45	50
Russian	565	270	290	435	185	250
Serbian	10	10	0	85	50	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	70	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	755	300	455	335	185	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	10	0
Danish	10	0	10	10	10	0
Dutch	15	0	15	70	45	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	175	65	110	205	100	105
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	10	0	0	30	20	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	545	230	320	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	160	150	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	925	545	380	14,590	8,630	5,960
Indo-Aryan languages	435	275	165	13,515	7,915	5,600
Bengali	85	65	20	20	15	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	35	15	25
Hindi	30	20	10	265	160	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	150	100	13,130	7,690	5,435
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	25	40	20	20
Iranian languages	485	270	215	1,070	715	355
Kurdish	10	0	10	25	20	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	475	270	200	1,045	695	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,985	1,440	1,550	1,700	860	835
Catalan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italian	455	255	200	85	40	50
Portuguese	375	220	160	490	250	250
Romanian	230	105	120	70	40	20
Spanish	1,915	860	1,050	1,040	530	515
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	180	70	110	1,545	585	955
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Korean	275	140	135	5,075	2,720	2,355
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	35	175	55	120
American Sign Language	0	0	0	140	30	110
Quebec Sign Language	30	0	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	30	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,000	2,045	1,950	47,255	24,800	22,455
Chinese languages	4,000	2,050	1,950	47,190	24,765	22,425
Cantonese	1,615	785	835	22,890	11,635	11,255
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mandarin	2,155	1,160	1,000	23,190	12,570	10,625
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	25	25	205	115	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	45	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	160	75	85	845	410	435
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	100	45	50
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	50	35	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	80	35	40	35	25	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	0	25	30	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	30	0	30	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	30	15	15
Multiple responses	160,020	84,100	75,925	41,150	20,295	20,850
English and French	144,525	76,125	68,400	2,780	1,230	1,550
English and non-official language	4,385	2,475	1,905	37,985	18,925	19,060
French and non-official language	3,725	1,770	1,960	40	25	15
English, French and non-official language	7,385	3,720	3,660	345	120	225
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,074,970	555,425	519,540	1,449,815	746,815	702,995
None	585,490	298,310	287,175	1,311,370	677,965	633,405
English	289,290	152,320	136,975	30,725	15,720	15,005
French	159,505	83,705	75,800	11,780	5,165	6,620
Non-official language	27,455	14,470	12,985	93,465	46,780	46,685
Aboriginal	120	55	70	120	45	75
Non-Aboriginal	27,335	14,410	12,920	93,350	46,730	46,615
English and French	1,145	535	610	35	25	15
English and non-official language	7,690	3,670	4,020	1,115	540	580
French and non-official language	4,370	2,405	1,965	1,320	630	690
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,872,860	914,480	958,380	2,403,020	1,173,535	1,229,485
Non-movers	1,596,465	775,885	820,580	2,024,075	986,910	1,037,160
Movers	276,395	138,595	137,800	378,945	186,625	192,325
Non-migrants	192,940	96,765	96,170	207,285	101,795	105,490
Migrants	83,455	41,825	41,630	171,660	84,825	86,830
Internal migrants	43,805	21,870	21,935	117,565	58,205	59,360
Intraprovincial migrants	35,005	17,190	17,815	93,805	46,105	47,695
Interprovincial migrants	8,800	4,680	4,120	23,760	12,095	11,660
External migrants	39,650	19,960	19,695	54,095	26,620	27,475
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,785,390	869,675	915,715	2,310,250	1,125,645	1,184,605
Non-movers	1,013,590	485,800	527,790	1,298,685	632,380	666,305
Movers	771,800	383,875	387,925	1,011,565	493,265	518,305
Non-migrants	487,230	242,160	245,075	516,530	251,585	264,945
Migrants	284,570	141,715	142,850	495,035	241,680	253,360
Internal migrants	126,750	62,015	64,740	309,040	151,835	157,205
Intraprovincial migrants	105,505	51,380	54,120	246,850	121,080	125,765
Interprovincial migrants	21,250	10,630	10,615	62,195	30,755	31,440
External migrants	157,815	79,705	78,115	186,000	89,845	96,155