Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Westmount, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Rouyn-Noranda Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,312	...	...	23,504	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,931	...	...	23,137^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	9,617	...	...	12,233	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,685	...	...	11,359	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5,024.9	...	...	1,073.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.04	...	...	21.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,310	9,395	10,920	23,505	11,365	12,145
0 to 14 years	3,030	1,555	1,470	3,325	1,655	1,675
0 to 4 years	780	395	385	1,185	595	590
5 to 9 years	1,080	570	510	1,140	555	585
10 to 14 years	1,170	595	570	1,000	500	500
15 to 64 years	12,025	5,610	6,410	15,265	7,675	7,590
15 to 19 years	1,395	725	670	1,255	635	620
20 to 24 years	1,365	670	700	1,795	895	895
25 to 29 years	1,010	495	510	1,725	930	795
30 to 34 years	840	390	450	1,420	760	655
35 to 39 years	970	440	530	1,310	685	625
40 to 44 years	1,125	490	630	1,195	590	600
45 to 49 years	1,225	545	680	1,295	610	680
50 to 54 years	1,440	640	800	1,760	885	875
55 to 59 years	1,430	670	760	1,915	915	1,005
60 to 64 years	1,230	535	690	1,610	775	835
65 years and over	5,260	2,230	3,035	4,910	2,035	2,875
65 to 69 years	1,400	630	775	1,385	640	750
70 to 74 years	1,135	485	650	1,125	510	615
75 to 79 years	910	425	490	900	360	540
80 to 84 years	745	315	435	740	270	470
85 years and over	1,065	375	695	760	250	510
85 to 89 years	625	245	375	485	160	320
90 to 94 years	320	105	220	235	75	155
95 to 99 years	100	25	70	35	10	25
100 years and over	25	5	25	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	16.6	13.5	14.1	14.6	13.8
15 to 64 years	59.2	59.7	58.7	64.9	67.5	62.5
65 years and over	25.9	23.7	27.8	20.9	17.9	23.7
85 years and over	5.2	4.0	6.4	3.2	2.2	4.2
Average age of the population	45.1	43.2	46.8	43.3	41.6	44.8
Median age of the population	46.7	44.0	48.8	44.0	41.0	46.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,685	...	...	11,360	...	...
Single-detached house	1,075	...	...	3,625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,185	...	...	55	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,425	...	...	7,595	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,335	...	...	900	...	...
Row house	1,170	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	260	...	...	1,330	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,640	...	...	5,165	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	130	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,685	...	...	11,360	...	...
1 person	3,050	...	...	4,810	...	...
2 persons	2,695	...	...	3,955	...	...
3 persons	1,165	...	...	1,270	...	...
4 persons	1,175	...	...	920	...	...
5 or more persons	590	...	...	400	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,780	...	...	22,375	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,280	7,840	9,445	20,180	9,710	10,470
Married or living common law	9,475	4,745	4,730	10,415	5,200	5,220
Married	8,240	4,090	4,150	5,285	2,620	2,665
Living common law	1,230	655	580	5,125	2,580	2,550
Not married and not living common law	7,810	3,095	4,715	9,765	4,510	5,250
Never married	5,090	2,500	2,590	6,325	3,445	2,880
Separated	305	90	210	320	135	185
Divorced	1,145	315	830	1,555	620	940
Widowed	1,270	190	1,080	1,560	310	1,245
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,345	...	...	6,130	...	...
2 persons	2,565	...	...	3,725	...	...
3 persons	1,105	...	...	1,175	...	...
4 persons	1,160	...	...	875	...	...
5 or more persons	515	...	...	355	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,345	...	...	6,130	...	...
Total couple families	4,560	...	...	5,020	...	...
Married couples	3,945	...	...	2,460	...	...
Common-law couples	615	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	785	...	...	1,110	...	...
Female parent	640	...	...	795	...	...
Male parent	140	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,560	...	...	5,020	...	...
Couples without children	2,160	...	...	3,025	...	...
Couples with children	2,405	...	...	1,990	...	...
1 child	810	...	...	840	...	...
2 children	1,090	...	...	815	...	...
3 or more children	500	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	785	...	...	1,115	...	...
1 child	410	...	...	695	...	...
2 children	290	...	...	340	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,435	2,565	6,010	2,940	3,065
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,685	...	...	11,360	...	...
One-census-family households	5,265	...	...	6,055	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,120	...	...	2,995	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,140	...	...	3,065	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,380	...	...	5,265	...	...
One-person households	3,050	...	...	4,805	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	330	...	...	455	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	19,940	9,270	10,670	23,255	11,260	11,995
English only	4,015	1,780	2,235	75	35	45
French only	510	215	295	14,650	6,425	8,225
English and French	15,235	7,185	8,050	8,510	4,790	3,720
Neither English nor French	185	90	90	15	10	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	19,945	9,275	10,670	23,260	11,260	11,995
English	13,585	6,370	7,215	595	285	310
French	4,910	2,235	2,670	22,525	10,910	11,620
English and French	1,275	580	690	120	65	60
Neither English nor French	170	90	85	15	10	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	14,220	6,660	7,565	655	315	335
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	71.3	71.8	70.9	2.8	2.8	2.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	19,940	9,275	10,670	23,255	11,260	12,000
Single responses	19,065	8,870	10,195	23,000	11,135	11,870
Official languages	14,465	6,830	7,630	22,565	10,910	11,655
English	10,225	4,870	5,355	535	265	275
French	4,240	1,960	2,280	22,025	10,645	11,385
Non-official languages	4,600	2,040	2,555	435	225	210
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,600	2,045	2,555	410	215	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	570	295	275	165	95	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	570	290	275	145	85	65
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	520	270	250	150	80	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	35	55	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	50	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	20	60	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	15	60	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,720	1,220	1,500	145	65	80
Albanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	605	240	365	30	15	20
Baltic languages	25	10	20	0	5	0
Latvian	10	0	5	0	5	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	575	230	345	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	25	25	0	0	5
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	40	70	10	5	5
Russian	230	90	140	10	5	5
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	35	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	165	240	15	5	10
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	60	25	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	220	90	135	10	5	10
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	75	60	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	415	205	205	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	55	0	5	0
Bengali	20	5	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	305	150	155	5	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	295	140	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	500	585	95	40	60
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	295	145	155	10	5	5
Portuguese	120	55	60	10	5	0
Romanian	110	50	60	10	5	5
Spanish	550	245	300	60	20	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	35	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	280	100	180	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	5	5
Wolof	5	0	5	15	5	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	30	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	565	255	310	10	5	5
Chinese languages	565	255	310	10	10	5
Cantonese	85	40	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	420	195	230	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	10	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	45	70	0	0	0
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	5	0
Hungarian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	875	400	475	255	130	130
English and French	385	180	205	180	85	95
English and non-official language	260	120	140	10	0	5
French and non-official language	140	60	80	60	35	25
English, French and non-official language	95	40	55	5	10	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	19,940	9,270	10,670	23,260	11,260	12,000
Single responses	18,795	8,755	10,040	22,980	11,135	11,840
Official languages	16,625	7,750	8,875	22,835	11,055	11,780
English	12,920	6,040	6,875	355	170	185
French	3,705	1,710	1,995	22,480	10,885	11,595
Non-official languages	2,175	1,005	1,170	145	80	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,175	1,000	1,170	140	80	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	120	135	55	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	120	130	55	30	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	235	115	125	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	25	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,085	515	570	55	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	255	115	140	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	115	135	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	135	65	70	0	0	5
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	15	0	5	0
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	120	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	215	100	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	210	95	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	230	230	50	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	35	20	5	0	5
Portuguese	75	35	40	5	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	5	0	5
Spanish	295	140	155	30	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	25	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	230	80	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	430	210	220	5	5	0
Chinese languages	425	205	220	10	5	0
Cantonese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	365	175	185	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,145	520	625	275	125	155
English and French	430	210	220	155	65	90
English and non-official language	430	185	245	10	5	0
French and non-official language	110	45	60	105	50	55
English, French and non-official language	175	75	105	15	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	19,945	9,270	10,670	23,260	11,260	11,995
None	13,515	6,320	7,195	21,575	10,360	11,220
English	2,155	975	1,180	1,170	650	520
French	2,330	1,120	1,215	240	120	120
Non-official language	1,390	600	795	225	110	120
Aboriginal	5	0	0	10	10	5
Non-Aboriginal	1,390	595	790	215	100	110
English and French	195	95	95	15	10	10
English and non-official language	115	45	65	25	10	15
French and non-official language	235	120	115	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,755	7,680	9,075	19,075	9,335	9,740
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,880	7,280	8,600	18,710	9,165	9,545
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,053	64,583	43,123	32,273	39,454	26,691
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,885	7,280	8,610	18,720	9,170	9,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,674	52,265	36,829	28,869	34,008	24,562
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,840	6,865	7,975	16,480	8,300	8,180
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,071	65,004	39,926	29,564	36,616	24,020
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,040	4,515	6,520	14,450	6,600	7,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,690	4,504	7,261	7,971	7,304	8,411
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,860	5,420	5,440	13,515	7,105	6,410
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,194	53,478	30,034	30,752	37,400	25,236
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,775	7,195	8,585	18,690	9,160	9,530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	162,473	260,110	80,639	42,364	51,393	33,689
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,785	7,195	8,595	18,695	9,160	9,535
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	107,739	165,826	59,131	34,709	40,815	28,841
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,760	6,835	7,925	16,425	8,265	8,170
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	167,733	269,278	80,207	40,299	49,948	30,537
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,890	4,375	6,510	14,350	6,540	7,805
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,041	7,146	8,641	9,049	8,877	9,193
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,855	5,450	5,405	13,530	7,135	6,395
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	143,077	221,409	64,118	40,455	48,790	31,156
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,115	2,365	1,755	5,485	2,990	2,500
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	81,519	105,214	63,903	45,751	55,832	40,366
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	225,693	311,881	109,254	57,730	67,869	45,615
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	96.4	98.0	92.3	83.4	87.5	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.0	63.4	48.3	69.3	73.6	63.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	3.6	1.9	7.7	16.6	12.6	22.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,755	7,680	9,070	19,075	9,335	9,740
Without total income	875	400	465	360	170	195
With total income	15,880	7,275	8,605	18,715	9,170	9,545
Percentage with total income	94.8	94.7	94.9	98.1	98.2	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,415	1,050	1,365	2,090	865	1,225
$10,000 to $19,999	1,895	760	1,135	3,670	1,395	2,275
$20,000 to $29,999	1,440	540	900	3,005	1,275	1,730
$30,000 to $39,999	1,110	430	680	2,375	1,110	1,265
$40,000 to $49,999	1,070	385	685	2,145	1,040	1,110
$50,000 to $59,999	905	325	580	1,495	800	695
$60,000 to $69,999	745	300	445	1,015	640	375
$70,000 to $79,999	690	280	410	830	495	330
$80,000 to $89,999	620	255	360	575	370	200
$90,000 to $99,999	445	180	265	385	285	100
$100,000 and over	4,540	2,765	1,775	1,125	890	235
$100,000 to $149,999	1,470	695	770	840	670	170
$150,000 and over	3,075	2,070	1,000	290	220	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,755	7,680	9,070	19,080	9,335	9,740
Without after-tax income	865	405	460	360	165	195
With after-tax income	15,890	7,280	8,605	18,715	9,170	9,550
Percentage with after-tax income	94.8	94.8	94.9	98.1	98.2	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,595	1,120	1,470	2,170	890	1,275
$10,000 to $19,999	2,000	795	1,200	3,865	1,480	2,380
$20,000 to $29,999	1,625	610	1,015	3,680	1,630	2,045
$30,000 to $39,999	1,485	555	935	3,090	1,470	1,625
$40,000 to $49,999	1,290	465	820	2,200	1,170	1,025
$50,000 to $59,999	1,035	435	605	1,330	810	515
$60,000 to $69,999	865	345	515	940	595	350
$70,000 to $79,999	645	280	365	540	410	135
$80,000 and over	4,350	2,665	1,680	905	705	195
$80,000 to $89,999	555	245	310	345	265	75
$90,000 to $99,999	425	220	205	175	150	30
$100,000 and over	3,370	2,205	1,160	385	290	90
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,335	9,740
Without employment income	5,895	2,260	3,630	5,565	2,230	3,335
With employment income	10,855	5,420	5,440	13,510	7,105	6,410
Percentage with employment income	64.8	70.5	60.0	70.8	76.1	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,915	895	1,015	1,760	900	860
$5,000 to $9,999	845	370	480	1,145	485	655
$10,000 to $19,999	1,180	500	685	2,000	840	1,160
$20,000 to $29,999	880	360	525	1,735	795	940
$30,000 to $39,999	715	270	445	1,550	715	835
$40,000 to $49,999	600	235	360	1,375	675	700
$50,000 to $59,999	505	205	295	925	545	385
$60,000 to $69,999	400	165	235	720	485	235
$70,000 to $79,999	390	185	200	645	380	265
$80,000 and over	3,430	2,230	1,200	1,660	1,290	370
$80,000 to $89,999	325	165	160	395	290	105
$90,000 to $99,999	275	125	145	345	250	90
$100,000 and over	2,820	1,940	885	920	745	170
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,685	...	...	11,355	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,153	...	...	51,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,514	...	...	44,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,050	...	...	4,805	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,484	...	...	28,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,423	...	...	26,187	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,635	...	...	6,555	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	156,160	...	...	77,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,738	...	...	65,771	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,685	...	...	11,410	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	295,099	...	...	69,420	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	195,855	...	...	56,875	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,035	...	...	4,895	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	85,566	...	...	38,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	63,137	...	...	32,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,645	...	...	6,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	407,865	...	...	92,458	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	267,280	...	...	75,421	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,685	...	...	11,360	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	240	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	315	...	...	805	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	730	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	235	...	...	600	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	680	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	245	...	...	675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	450	...	...	955	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	430	...	...	700	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	385	...	...	670	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	525	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	295	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,340	...	...	2,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	905	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	490	...	...	645	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	645	...	...	565	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,650	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,685	...	...	11,360	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	140	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	240	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	560	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	850	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	335	...	...	835	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	760	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	310	...	...	800	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	320	...	...	855	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	320	...	...	675	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	605	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	570	...	...	955	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	500	...	...	855	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	390	...	...	685	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	365	...	...	550	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	300	...	...	455	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,665	...	...	1,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	625	...	...	800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	450	...	...	350	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,585	...	...	385	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,405	...	...	6,185	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	162,455	...	...	78,627	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	124,621	...	...	66,667	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	2,960	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	153,152	...	...	70,861	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	117,088	...	...	60,506	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,415	...	...	2,000	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	241,664	...	...	119,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	176,333	...	...	98,011	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	765	...	...	1,090	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,200	...	...	49,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,992	...	...	44,715	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,435	...	...	6,165	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	420,226	...	...	93,855	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	274,724	...	...	76,388	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,120	...	...	2,945	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	488,073	...	...	82,613	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	310,984	...	...	67,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,385	...	...	1,950	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	474,881	...	...	134,904	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	314,783	...	...	106,698	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	790	...	...	1,090	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	129,226	...	...	54,309	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	91,571	...	...	47,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,695	1,310	2,385	5,715	2,805	2,910
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	43,238	38,016	45,856	26,816	30,029	24,267
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,933	33,638	38,528	24,800	26,715	23,145
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,640	1,300	2,340	5,720	2,810	2,910
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	76,565	82,290	73,382	37,287	42,691	32,062
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	57,055	59,087	55,925	31,096	34,595	27,712
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,785	9,240	10,540	22,380	10,975	11,405
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,525	2,870	3,660	13,000	6,165	6,840
In the bottom decile	2,275	1,030	1,245	2,430	1,155	1,280
In the second decile	1,230	530	700	2,865	1,245	1,630
In the third decile	1,070	460	610	2,685	1,285	1,400
In the fourth decile	965	410	555	2,640	1,285	1,350
In the fifth decile	990	440	550	2,380	1,200	1,180
In the top half of the distribution	13,255	6,375	6,880	9,375	4,815	4,560
In the sixth decile	885	380	505	2,245	1,125	1,120
In the seventh decile	1,020	435	575	2,195	1,110	1,085
In the eighth decile	1,390	630	760	2,010	1,055	955
In the ninth decile	1,810	850	960	1,710	895	820
In the top decile	8,145	4,070	4,080	1,210	630	580
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,780	9,240	10,545	22,375	10,975	11,405
0 to 17 years	3,825	1,985	1,840	3,945	1,965	1,980
0 to 5 years	965	500	465	1,415	705	715
18 to 64 years	11,190	5,165	6,025	14,465	7,260	7,210
65 years and over	4,765	2,090	2,680	3,965	1,745	2,220
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,835	1,270	1,565	3,890	1,740	2,155
0 to 17 years	620	325	295	575	290	285
0 to 5 years	125	70	60	225	110	115
18 to 64 years	1,760	760	995	2,340	1,130	1,210
65 years and over	460	190	270	975	320	660
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	13.7	14.8	17.4	15.9	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.2	16.4	16.0	14.6	14.8	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.0	14.0	12.9	15.9	15.6	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	15.7	14.7	16.5	16.2	15.6	16.8
65 years and over (%)	9.7	9.1	10.1	24.6	18.3	29.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,550	1,145	1,405	1,650	835	815
0 to 17 years	535	280	250	200	105	95
0 to 5 years	105	55	50	65	35	30
18 to 64 years	1,680	735	945	1,380	700	680
65 years and over	340	135	205	75	30	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.9	12.4	13.3	7.4	7.6	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	14.1	13.6	5.1	5.3	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.0	10.8	4.6	5.0	4.2
18 to 64 years (%)	15.0	14.2	15.7	9.5	9.6	9.4
65 years and over (%)	7.1	6.5	7.6	1.9	1.7	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,785	9,235	10,545	22,295	10,950	11,340
Official languages	19,615	9,170	10,445	22,275	10,940	11,335
English	19,090	8,950	10,140	8,400	4,730	3,665
French	15,695	7,495	8,200	22,195	10,900	11,300
Non-official languages	7,665	3,420	4,240	1,210	625	585
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	70	40	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	45	30	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	45	30	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	30	25	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,660	3,420	4,240	1,140	585	555
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,320	710	610	275	145	135
Berber languages	10	0	0	35	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,325	710	610	265	135	130
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	925	485	445	265	140	130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	405	235	170	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	80	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	25	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	15	40	10	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	35	10	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,105	2,225	2,885	695	355	335
Albanian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Armenian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	665	290	370	60	40	20
Baltic languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	635	285	350	55	40	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	70	30	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	40	35	20	10
Russian	385	170	220	25	20	10
Serbian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	30	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	940	425	520	55	35	20
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	90	30	60	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	290	385	55	25	20
Icelandic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	180	95	85	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	80	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	480	220	260	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	110	60	45	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	325	140	185	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	325	145	180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,160	1,310	1,850	605	305	305
Catalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italian	1,050	450	600	70	30	45
Portuguese	180	105	75	35	25	10
Romanian	85	35	45	10	0	0
Spanish	2,115	850	1,260	540	275	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	50	45	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Georgian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Korean	385	140	245	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	20	90	45	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	10	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	20	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	55	30	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	655	295	365	40	35	10
Chinese languages	655	295	360	45	35	10
Cantonese	95	35	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	590	265	325	30	25	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	30	75	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	25	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,780	9,240	10,540	22,290	10,950	11,340
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,190	8,040	9,155	21,935	10,750	11,185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,235	1,695	1,540	3,830	1,915	1,915
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,955	6,345	7,610	18,105	8,835	9,270
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,590	1,200	1,390	355	200	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,780	9,235	10,545	22,290	10,950	11,340
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,365	6,390	6,975	21,520	10,560	10,960
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,265	2,345	2,925	615	295	315
Before 1981	1,955	850	1,110	115	75	40
1981 to 1990	540	230	310	25	0	25
1991 to 2000	675	280	400	80	35	45
2001 to 2010	1,020	440	580	190	80	110
2001 to 2005	450	200	250	55	20	35
2006 to 2010	570	245	330	130	55	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,075	550	520	205	105	95
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,150	505	650	155	95	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,265	2,345	2,920	610	295	315
Under 5 years	565	210	355	115	50	65
5 to 14 years	920	440	475	90	30	55
15 to 24 years	995	450	550	95	25	70
25 to 44 years	2,255	985	1,270	295	175	120
45 years and over	525	250	275	20	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,265	2,340	2,920	615	295	315
Americas	905	430	475	70	30	40
Brazil	30	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	15	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	80	25	50	10	0	0
Peru	45	25	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	440	205	240	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	215	115	100	10	0	0
Europe	2,010	855	1,155	195	115	90
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	425	160	265	95	55	40
Germany	120	45	75	25	10	10
Greece	50	30	20	0	0	0
Hungary	60	25	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italy	150	60	90	20	15	10
Netherlands	30	20	15	0	0	0
Poland	70	40	35	10	0	0
Portugal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	90	45	45	10	0	0
Russian Federation	110	50	60	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	25	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	420	190	230	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	350	135	215	30	15	15
Africa	395	215	175	245	125	125
Algeria	35	15	10	50	25	20
Egypt	145	90	55	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	155	65	90	60	30	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	35	15	145	70	70
Asia	1,940	835	1,105	95	30	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	405	165	235	30	10	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	20	10	0	0	0
India	115	60	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	245	120	125	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	170	40	125	0	0	0
Lebanon	240	125	110	50	20	25
Pakistan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Philippines	75	35	40	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	185	85	100	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	90	25	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	320	125	190	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,070	550	525	205	105	100
Americas	220	130	85	15	10	10
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	35	15	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	50	25	0	0	0
Europe	235	130	105	50	30	25
France	150	75	80	25	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	10	20	10	15
Africa	90	45	45	135	65	65
Algeria	20	15	10	35	20	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	10	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	20	15	10
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	15	25	15	10	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	15	15
Asia	525	235	285	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	215	105	110	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	95	15	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	20	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,785	9,240	10,545	22,290	10,950	11,340
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,810	3,070	3,735	795	400	390
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,930	2,425	2,505	675	300	370
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,040	3,745	4,295	20,820	10,245	10,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,370	1,530	1,840	495	220	275
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,510	1,175	1,330	305	155	150
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,015	575	440	145	110	30
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,490	600	890	160	45	115
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	630	245	395	160	50	110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	195	95	100	30	15	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,780	9,240	10,540	22,295	10,950	11,340
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	15	15	490	260	230
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	25	15	15	480	255	225
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	10	230	105	120
Métis	15	0	10	240	145	95
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,755	9,225	10,530	21,805	10,690	11,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,780	9,235	10,545	22,290	10,950	11,345
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	185	95	85
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,775	9,235	10,540	22,110	10,855	11,255
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,780	9,240	10,545	22,290	10,950	11,340
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	10	395	195	200
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	385	190	200
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	345	175	170
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	35	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	185	90	105	1,025	525	500
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	185	90	100	1,005	515	500
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	80	85	800	405	395
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	190	95	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	10	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,585	9,155	10,435	20,870	10,230	10,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,785	9,240	10,545	22,290	10,950	11,340
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,560	1,650	1,915	625	290	340
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	340	175	160	10	0	0
Chinese	765	335	425	55	25	30
Black	355	210	145	285	125	160
Filipino	140	50	85	10	0	10
Latin American	285	125	160	20	0	15
Arab	530	250	285	230	125	110
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	255	115	140	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	285	150	140	0	0	0
Korean	415	155	265	0	0	0
Japanese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	95	30	65	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	16,225	7,595	8,630	21,665	10,660	11,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,785	9,240	10,540	22,290	10,945	11,345
North American Aboriginal origins	200	85	110	1,420	720	700
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	85	95	1,165	595	570
Inuit	10	0	0	30	10	15
Métis	20	10	10	250	135	120
Other North American origins	5,365	2,485	2,880	16,910	8,230	8,680
Acadian	20	10	10	110	45	65
American	615	265	350	175	95	80
Canadian	4,855	2,240	2,615	16,280	7,875	8,400
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	135	50	80	580	340	240
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,855	6,535	7,320	8,010	4,080	3,930
British Isles origins	5,685	2,605	3,080	1,940	940	995
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,865	1,295	1,570	430	205	225
Irish	2,615	1,225	1,385	1,375	675	700
Manx	10	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,355	1,010	1,345	455	240	215
Welsh	270	110	160	0	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	710	325	390	50	15	35
French origins	3,600	1,715	1,885	6,300	3,270	3,030
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	75	50	25
Corsican	15	0	10	0	0	0
French	3,570	1,695	1,880	6,260	3,250	3,010
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,295	995	1,305	525	255	270
Austrian	400	170	225	10	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	280	115	170	135	65	70
Dutch	315	120	200	20	10	15
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,405	635	770	345	175	165
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	140	55	85	15	0	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	450	190	260	70	35	35
Danish	65	30	35	10	10	0
Finnish	65	25	35	30	10	20
Icelandic	45	10	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	150	65	80	20	0	15
Swedish	140	50	90	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,490	2,265	2,230	350	175	175
Bulgarian	70	40	30	10	0	10
Byelorussian	35	15	20	15	0	15
Czech	225	120	105	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	555	275	280	15	10	10
Latvian	65	15	55	10	0	10
Lithuanian	290	150	145	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,685	890	790	145	85	60
Romanian	700	355	340	20	15	10
Russian	1,890	940	950	35	20	15
Slovak	55	25	25	10	10	0
Ukrainian	455	220	230	115	50	65
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,540	1,245	1,300	345	205	140
Albanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	325	175	145	10	0	0
Italian	1,505	720	790	190	125	70
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	25	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	70	80	45	25	25
Serbian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	30	15	10
Spanish	475	230	240	45	20	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	20	30	20	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	885	490	400	75	40	30
Basque	25	15	10	10	10	0
Jewish	750	420	325	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	120	55	65	55	20	35
Caribbean origins	275	165	105	90	25	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	45	35	10	10	0	10
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	100	65	35	80	25	55
Jamaican	65	30	40	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	645	280	370	50	20	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	10	30	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Chilean	75	30	40	0	0	0
Colombian	85	40	40	0	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	10	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	60	80	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	110	45	70	15	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	65	20	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	20	0	0	0
African origins	1,000	505	490	500	265	230
Central and West African origins	55	35	15	165	85	85
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	15	10	35	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	20	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	10	15	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	40	10	30
North African origins	820	395	425	280	170	115
Algerian	110	40	65	65	35	35
Berber	35	15	15	30	20	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	220	110	115	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	440	220	225	100	75	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	55	30	25	90	40	50
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	55	20	30	0	25
Afrikaner	15	15	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	60	30	30	30	10	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	45	30	10	30	10	15
Asian origins	3,985	1,840	2,145	200	85	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,920	940	980	90	45	50
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	70	20	55	15	10	0
Armenian	100	35	70	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	390	185	205	0	0	0
Iraqi	175	105	70	0	0	0
Israeli	95	45	50	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	620	290	330	70	25	40
Palestinian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	310	170	140	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	135	55	80	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	390	195	195	25	10	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	320	170	150	30	10	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,750	740	1,015	85	40	40
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	855	375	485	70	35	35
Filipino	140	55	90	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	95	35	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	425	165	260	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	250	110	135	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	35	15	0	0	0
Australian	40	25	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
Owner	4,570	...	...	5,315	...	...
Renter	4,120	...	...	6,100	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
Condominium	1,210	...	...	940	...	...
Not condominium	7,475	...	...	10,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	1,855	...	...	2,355	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,375	...	...	3,850	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,880	...	...	3,265	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,520	...	...	1,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,110	...	...	5,035	...	...
5 rooms	1,100	...	...	2,040	...	...
6 rooms	865	...	...	1,030	...	...
7 rooms	870	...	...	935	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,745	...	...	2,370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,555	...	...	11,370	...	...
More than 1 person per room	130	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,685	...	...	11,410	...	...
Suitable	8,280	...	...	11,195	...	...
Not suitable	405	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
1960 or before	5,765	...	...	4,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,035	...	...	3,715	...	...
1981 to 1990	480	...	...	1,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	180	...	...	805	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...	125	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	225	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	155	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,685	...	...	11,410	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,000	...	...	10,545	...	...
Major repairs needed	685	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,195	...	...	7,835	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,405	...	...	3,495	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	80	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,685	...	...	11,405	...	...
15 to 24 years	270	...	...	895	...	...
25 to 34 years	815	...	...	1,890	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,140	...	...	1,560	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,490	...	...	2,065	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,670	...	...	2,110	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,575	...	...	1,690	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,110	...	...	905	...	...
85 years and over	610	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,620	...	...	11,405	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,885	...	...	8,880	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,730	...	...	2,525	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,095	...	...	2,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,570	...	...	5,310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	36.7	...	...	59.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.0	...	...	10.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,807	...	...	933	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,304	...	...	993	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,200,698	...	...	230,162	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,425,737	...	...	242,140	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,120	...	...	6,095	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	3.6	...	...	7.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	32.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,312	...	...	625	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,550	...	...	664	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,720
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,035	520	515	4,370	2,260	2,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,340	1,080	1,265	4,145	1,815	2,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,375	6,085	7,295	10,560	5,275	5,280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	170	205	3,720	2,275	1,445
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	270	105	165	2,750	1,525	1,225
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	105	60	40	970	750	215
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,330	950	1,380	3,050	1,380	1,665
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	525	175	350	630	215	420
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,150	4,790	5,355	3,160	1,405	1,760
Bachelor's degree	4,850	2,100	2,750	2,190	935	1,260
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	955	435	525	215	80	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	730	440	295	85	40	45
Master's degree	2,910	1,450	1,455	575	285	290
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	705	370	335	95	70	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,225	4,285	4,945	11,990	6,050	5,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	135	85	45	1,770	1,030	745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	705	330	370	2,135	985	1,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,390	3,865	4,525	8,090	4,040	4,045
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	100	95	2,830	1,700	1,125
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	60	70	2,125	1,150	975
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	40	25	700	550	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,050	455	595	2,155	1,040	1,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	110	185	440	155	285
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,850	3,200	3,650	2,670	1,155	1,515
Bachelor's degree	3,230	1,445	1,785	1,855	795	1,065
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	610	260	350	175	55	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	460	250	215	75	35	40
Master's degree	2,115	1,045	1,070	470	210	265
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	430	195	230	80	60	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,755	7,680	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,375	1,595	1,780	8,515	4,075	4,440
Education	715	100	615	955	195	755
13. Education	715	95	615	955	195	755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	900	290	610	295	125	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	15	30	35	0
50. Visual and performing arts	850	260	590	265	95	170
Humanities	1,465	455	1,010	540	265	275
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	35	210	40	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	315	90	230	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	450	155	290	340	145	195
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	50	45	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	60	45	10
54. History	195	95	95	20	20	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	15	120	60	25	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,750	1,135	1,615	650	160	495
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	35	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	70	155	65	25	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	25	95	170	10	165
22. Legal professions and studies	785	420	365	75	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	20	15	0	20
42. Psychology	475	95	375	195	35	160
45. Social sciences	1,085	515	570	125	60	65
Business, management and public administration	3,270	1,740	1,530	2,445	800	1,645
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	20	145	255	50	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,100	1,725	1,380	2,175	745	1,435
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	350	370	305	155	150
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	100	185	90	45	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	105	105	20	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	55	25	35
40. Physical sciences	205	150	60	120	70	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	425	265	160	155	90	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	245	175	65	95	65	30
25. Library science	65	10	60	40	0	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	75	35	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,360	1,010	355	2,845	2,650	195
04. Architecture and related services	315	175	140	50	30	25
14. Engineering	840	660	180	385	335	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	80	10	790	715	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	575	560	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	30	0	600	580	20
48. Precision production	50	35	15	445	430	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	25	30	255	185	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	20	15	65	40	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	20	195	145	50
Health and related fields	1,580	660	915	1,115	220	895
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	15	40	65	30	35
51. Health professions and related programs	1,190	460	730	1,005	165	845
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	330	180	150	45	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	145	60	90	995	435	565
12. Personal and culinary services	95	20	75	595	85	510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	10	175	130	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	15	10	220	210	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,225	4,280	4,945	11,990	6,055	5,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	840	425	420	3,900	2,015	1,895
Education	375	70	305	615	110	505
13. Education	375	70	305	615	110	505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	570	205	365	250	115	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	30	15	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	535	175	355	225	90	130
Humanities	815	270	550	335	175	160
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	10	110	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	215	50	165	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	80	90	200	110	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	35	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	15	30	25	10
54. History	140	80	60	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	0	80	50	15	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,755	745	1,010	555	135	420
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	55	105	55	20	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	10	55	135	10	125
22. Legal professions and studies	560	280	285	70	25	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	275	65	215	175	30	145
45. Social sciences	635	325	305	110	50	60
Business, management and public administration	2,245	1,170	1,075	1,985	635	1,350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	215	45	175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,160	1,160	1,000	1,755	585	1,170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340	140	200	200	110	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	65	130	80	40	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	40	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	50	30	100	60	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	170	80	125	60	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	145	30	90	60	30
25. Library science	25	0	30	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	25	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	970	680	295	2,185	2,015	170
04. Architecture and related services	245	130	115	40	20	20
14. Engineering	615	465	155	360	320	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	30	10	610	545	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	20	0	400	390	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	25	0	450	425	20
48. Precision production	30	20	10	325	315	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	20	30	210	155	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	10	45	35	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	0	15	160	120	40
Health and related fields	900	355	545	825	185	640
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	10	25	50	20	30
51. Health professions and related programs	635	230	410	730	140	590
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	230	110	115	45	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	40	65	795	345	450
12. Personal and culinary services	70	15	50	475	65	410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	10	120	90	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	15	10	200	190	10
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,375	1,595	1,780	8,510	4,070	4,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,380	6,090	7,290	10,560	5,275	5,285
Location of study inside Canada	9,730	4,320	5,420	10,320	5,130	5,185
Same as province or territory of residence	8,320	3,595	4,725	9,890	4,880	5,010
Different than province or territory of residence	1,415	725	695	425	255	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,645	1,770	1,870	245	145	100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,085	605	480	20	10	10
Philippines	50	15	35	0	0	0
India	50	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	505	315	195	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	180	70	110	10	10	10
France	395	200	190	80	55	20
Other	1,375	535	840	140	70	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,225	4,280	4,945	11,990	6,055	5,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	840	425	415	3,900	2,010	1,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,390	3,865	4,525	8,090	4,040	4,050
Location of study inside Canada	6,000	2,730	3,270	7,890	3,915	3,970
Same as province or territory of residence	5,065	2,245	2,815	7,600	3,745	3,855
Different than province or territory of residence	940	480	455	285	170	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,385	1,130	1,255	200	125	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	615	325	290	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
India	40	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	240	170	70	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	180	70	110	0	10	0
France	330	170	165	60	45	15
Other	945	370	575	130	70	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,720
In the labour force	9,755	5,065	4,685	11,955	6,280	5,675
Employed	9,175	4,805	4,365	10,955	5,615	5,340
Unemployed	585	260	320	995	660	335
Not in the labour force	7,000	2,615	4,385	7,120	3,075	4,050
Participation rate	58.2	65.9	51.7	62.7	67.2	58.4
Employment rate	54.8	62.5	48.1	57.4	60.1	54.9
Unemployment rate	6.0	5.1	6.8	8.3	10.5	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,755	7,685	9,070	19,075	9,350	9,720
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,145	2,290	3,855	6,465	2,760	3,700
Worked	10,610	5,395	5,215	12,610	6,595	6,025
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,400	2,570	1,830	5,610	3,045	2,560
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,215	2,820	3,390	7,005	3,545	3,460
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	41.9	39.2	41.3	41.6	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,755	5,065	4,685	11,950	6,275	5,675
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	85	100	275	130	145
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,570	4,985	4,595	11,680	6,145	5,530
Employee	6,890	3,495	3,395	10,900	5,775	5,125
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,685	1,490	1,195	780	370	410
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,755	5,070	4,685	11,955	6,275	5,675
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	85	95	270	135	145
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,575	4,980	4,590	11,680	6,145	5,535
0 Management occupations	1,900	1,260	645	845	480	365
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,870	820	1,050	1,720	565	1,150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	745	555	195	850	695	150
3 Health occupations	890	390	500	730	145	585
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,800	815	985	1,600	435	1,160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	810	345	465	260	100	160
6 Sales and service occupations	1,375	650	725	3,180	1,390	1,795
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	130	120	15	1,630	1,545	90
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	595	565	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	20	15	275	235	40
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,755	5,065	4,685	11,955	6,280	5,675
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	85	100	270	130	145
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,570	4,985	4,590	11,680	6,150	5,530
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	75	70	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	1,050	920	130
22 Utilities	20	15	0	245	200	45
23 Construction	185	140	45	785	690	95
31-33 Manufacturing	550	385	165	555	425	125
41 Wholesale trade	480	305	175	275	210	65
44-45 Retail trade	710	285	430	1,690	810	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	160	110	50	325	250	80
51 Information and cultural industries	320	180	140	150	75	75
52 Finance and insurance	775	520	255	240	80	160
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	460	280	180	130	95	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,940	1,105	835	600	365	240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	75	55	20	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	300	180	120	555	325	235
61 Educational services	965	400	570	935	290	645
62 Health care and social assistance	1,245	470	775	1,725	325	1,400
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	360	130	225	135	50	80
72 Accommodation and food services	395	180	210	930	340	585
81 Other services (except public administration)	355	135	225	590	305	290
91 Public administration	265	100	165	685	310	370
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,175	4,805	4,365	10,960	5,620	5,340
Worked at home	1,545	755	790	485	245	240
Worked outside Canada	130	70	55	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	480	280	200	740	615	125
Worked at usual place	7,015	3,700	3,320	9,715	4,745	4,975
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,015	3,700	3,320	9,720	4,745	4,970
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,145	460	685	8,965	4,150	4,825
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,430	2,950	2,475	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	330	220	115	695	550	145
Commute to a different province or territory	100	60	40	55	50	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,495	3,980	3,520	10,455	5,355	5,105
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,760	2,300	1,450	7,800	4,060	3,740
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	345	100	245	585	270	320
Public transit	1,625	705	925	135	25	110
Walked	1,375	645	730	1,540	670	870
Bicycle	290	175	110	95	65	25
Other method	105	50	55	305	260	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,495	3,975	3,520	10,460	5,360	5,100
Less than 15 minutes	1,845	910	930	7,040	3,260	3,780
15 to 29 minutes	3,195	1,745	1,455	2,065	1,065	1,005
30 to 44 minutes	1,810	1,010	805	610	460	150
45 to 59 minutes	435	210	225	245	185	60
60 minutes and over	210	100	105	505	395	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,495	3,980	3,515	10,460	5,360	5,100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	70	45	20	680	560	125
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	355	250	115	1,310	900	415
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,040	1,170	870	3,325	1,640	1,690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,785	1,460	1,315	2,535	980	1,555
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,580	700	875	1,005	385	615
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	675	355	320	1,605	895	705
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,950	5,570	5,380	12,960	6,780	6,180
Single responses	9,505	4,800	4,710	12,645	6,565	6,080
Official languages	9,365	4,730	4,630	12,645	6,560	6,080
English	6,835	3,510	3,325	245	150	100
French	2,530	1,220	1,305	12,400	6,415	5,985
Non-official languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	50	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	45	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	40	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,445	770	675	315	215	100
English and French	1,330	720	610	300	205	95
English and non-official language	55	30	25	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	15	35	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,955	5,565	5,385	12,960	6,780	6,180
None	4,925	2,450	2,475	10,230	5,205	5,020
English	1,940	965	980	2,540	1,455	1,080
French	3,705	1,955	1,755	175	110	70
Non-official language	240	140	105	15	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	140	100	10	10	0
English and French	20	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	25	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,625	9,175	10,450	22,035	10,815	11,215
Non-movers	16,625	7,720	8,900	18,275	8,965	9,310
Movers	3,005	1,450	1,555	3,755	1,850	1,905
Non-migrants	1,780	865	915	3,000	1,470	1,530
Migrants	1,220	585	635	755	385	375
Internal migrants	575	295	280	695	355	345
Intraprovincial migrants	345	180	170	630	300	335
Interprovincial migrants	230	120	110	65	50	10
External migrants	640	290	360	60	30	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,990	8,870	10,120	21,140	10,385	10,755
Non-movers	10,955	4,955	5,995	12,200	5,875	6,320
Movers	8,035	3,915	4,125	8,945	4,510	4,435
Non-migrants	4,290	2,150	2,140	6,430	3,205	3,225
Migrants	3,745	1,765	1,985	2,510	1,305	1,205
Internal migrants	1,540	725	815	2,235	1,165	1,075
Intraprovincial migrants	1,080	495	585	2,085	1,080	1,005
Interprovincial migrants	460	235	230	150	85	65
External migrants	2,205	1,040	1,165	275	140	135

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Westmount, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Population centre], Quebec