Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nemaska, TC Quebec [Census subdivision]			Spruce Grove Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	760	...	...	36,135	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	712	...	...	27,970^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.7	...	...	29.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	260	...	...	14,015	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	208	...	...	13,416	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.7	...	...	1,242.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	98.49	...	...	29.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	760	400	360	36,135	17,955	18,185
0 to 14 years	205	120	85	8,065	4,105	3,960
0 to 4 years	80	45	40	2,885	1,455	1,430
5 to 9 years	75	50	25	2,800	1,430	1,370
10 to 14 years	55	30	20	2,375	1,220	1,160
15 to 64 years	520	265	255	24,250	12,090	12,160
15 to 19 years	70	35	35	2,100	1,105	995
20 to 24 years	75	40	35	2,375	1,215	1,165
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	2,765	1,350	1,415
30 to 34 years	50	20	25	3,225	1,585	1,645
35 to 39 years	65	35	35	2,915	1,460	1,455
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	2,600	1,345	1,260
45 to 49 years	60	30	30	2,255	1,135	1,120
50 to 54 years	30	20	10	2,250	1,080	1,170
55 to 59 years	35	15	20	2,000	970	1,035
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	1,750	850	900
65 years and over	35	20	15	3,820	1,755	2,060
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	1,505	690	810
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	990	480	515
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	640	310	330
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	415	180	235
85 years and over	0	0	0	270	95	170
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	180	70	110
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	65	20	45
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	20	0	15
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	27.0	30.0	23.6	22.3	22.9	21.8
15 to 64 years	68.4	66.3	70.8	67.1	67.3	66.9
65 years and over	4.6	5.0	4.2	10.6	9.8	11.3
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.5	0.9
Average age of the population	29.9	28.9	30.9	35.4	34.8	36.0
Median age of the population	27.1	26.1	28.8	34.3	33.8	34.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	210	...	...	13,415	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	8,470	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	70	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	60	...	...	4,020	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...	1,445	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	725	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,800	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	210	...	...	13,420	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	2,655	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	4,730	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	2,350	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	2,355	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...	1,325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	760	...	...	35,830	...	...
Average household size	3.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	555	280	275	28,070	13,845	14,225
Married or living common law	280	145	140	17,835	8,905	8,925
Married	180	90	90	14,450	7,220	7,235
Living common law	105	55	55	3,385	1,690	1,695
Not married and not living common law	275	140	135	10,235	4,940	5,295
Never married	225	125	105	6,630	3,705	2,930
Separated	20	5	10	785	315	470
Divorced	15	5	5	1,805	725	1,075
Widowed	20	5	15	1,015	195	820
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	195	...	...	10,420	...	...
2 persons	55	...	...	4,950	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	2,205	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	2,250	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average size of census families	3.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	195	...	...	10,420	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	8,800	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	7,110	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	55	...	...	1,620	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	1,240	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	8,800	...	...
Couples without children	30	...	...	4,040	...	...
Couples with children	110	...	...	4,765	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	1,690	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	2,110	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	1,625	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	915	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	520	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	65	40	25	4,910	2,510	2,400
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	210	...	...	13,415	...	...
One-census-family households	145	...	...	9,935	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20	...	...	3,855	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	130	...	...	6,080	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	245	...	...
Non-census-family households	40	...	...	3,240	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	2,655	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	585	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	760	400	360	35,905	17,870	18,040
English only	530	275	260	33,730	16,890	16,835
French only	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and French	190	100	85	2,115	955	1,165
Neither English nor French	40	25	20	50	20	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	760	400	360	35,905	17,870	18,035
English	565	290	275	35,145	17,475	17,670
French	25	15	10	665	345	315
English and French	130	70	60	55	30	25
Neither English nor French	40	20	15	40	15	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	630	330	300	690	360	330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	82.9	82.5	83.3	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	760	400	360	35,905	17,865	18,040
Single responses	755	400	355	35,525	17,685	17,835
Official languages	70	40	35	33,240	16,620	16,615
English	45	25	20	32,500	16,230	16,265
French	25	10	10	735	385	350
Non-official languages	685	365	325	2,285	1,060	1,220
Aboriginal languages	685	360	325	55	20	35
Algonquian languages	685	365	320	45	15	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	685	360	315	40	15	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	680	365	320	15	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,230	1,040	1,190
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	35	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	610	265	345
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	510	230	285
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,320	635	680
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	370	165	205
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	365	165	205
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	30	50
Russian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	155	70	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	490	225	260
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	105	55	55
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	320	150	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	180	95	85
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	160	85	80
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	30	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	255	135	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	175	90	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	5	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	5	0	380	180	200
English and French	0	0	0	130	55	75
English and non-official language	0	5	0	245	120	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	760	400	355	35,905	17,865	18,035
Single responses	760	400	355	35,325	17,605	17,725
Official languages	100	50	45	34,540	17,215	17,325
English	90	45	40	34,340	17,100	17,245
French	5	5	0	195	110	85
Non-official languages	665	350	315	790	390	405
Aboriginal languages	660	350	310	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	665	350	310	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	665	350	310	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	660	350	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	785	390	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	335	160	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	320	160	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	320	160	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	70	35	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	70	35	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	10	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	575	265	310
English and French	0	0	0	75	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	490	230	260
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	760	400	355	35,905	17,865	18,035
None	260	150	115	34,080	17,015	17,065
English	425	210	215	470	250	220
French	25	10	5	470	205	265
Non-official language	45	25	20	860	380	485
Aboriginal	50	30	20	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	820	360	460
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	555	280	270	27,770	13,730	14,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	515	265	250	26,595	13,180	13,425
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,152	23,360	39,424	47,975	67,733	33,841
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	510	265	250	26,605	13,175	13,430
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,067	23,360	39,040	41,847	56,192	30,687
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	480	245	235	24,895	12,785	12,110
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,064	21,074	32,320	47,466	67,194	32,407
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	435	220	215	15,060	5,380	9,685
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,772	1,785	10,016	4,683	5,136	4,518
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	475	245	230	22,130	11,635	10,495
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,600	20,659	32,320	48,936	68,688	33,539
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	555	280	270	27,795	13,760	14,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	265	250	26,600	13,165	13,430
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,789	35,739	41,999	60,498	78,500	42,853
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	265	250	26,610	13,170	13,445
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,311	34,136	40,650	49,342	62,472	36,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	480	245	235	24,920	12,765	12,155
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,171	33,742	34,624	60,114	77,658	41,696
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	435	220	215	15,040	5,425	9,615
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,960	4,819	11,204	7,400	7,843	7,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	475	245	225	22,150	11,590	10,560
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,621	31,252	34,086	58,836	76,239	39,746
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	555	280	270	27,795	13,760	14,035
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	215	110	105	11,050	6,445	4,605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,440	43,136	46,848	66,223	83,473	51,306
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,333	45,208	47,468	75,618	89,223	56,592
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	90.8	77.5	93.1	96.1	87.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.5	80.8	74.7	82.3	86.1	75.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	11.4	22.9	6.9	3.9	12.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	550	280	275	27,770	13,725	14,040
Without total income	40	20	25	1,170	550	620
With total income	510	265	250	26,600	13,180	13,420
Percentage with total income	92.7	94.6	90.9	95.8	96.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	50	30	3,055	905	2,155
$10,000 to $19,999	90	50	35	2,920	890	2,040
$20,000 to $29,999	70	45	25	2,785	930	1,860
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	40	2,545	945	1,605
$40,000 to $49,999	50	15	35	2,495	1,020	1,475
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	35	2,305	1,040	1,260
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	20	2,010	1,100	915
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	1,585	975	605
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	1,350	930	420
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	1,205	815	390
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	4,340	3,630	710
$100,000 to $149,999	10	0	5	2,960	2,395	560
$150,000 and over	0	5	0	1,380	1,235	145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	555	280	275	27,765	13,725	14,045
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	1,165	550	610
With after-tax income	515	265	250	26,605	13,175	13,430
Percentage with after-tax income	92.8	94.6	90.9	95.8	96.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	55	25	3,135	910	2,220
$10,000 to $19,999	90	55	40	3,050	935	2,115
$20,000 to $29,999	75	45	30	3,355	1,115	2,235
$30,000 to $39,999	65	25	40	3,165	1,260	1,905
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	3,180	1,415	1,765
$50,000 to $59,999	55	20	35	2,680	1,475	1,205
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	2,080	1,345	730
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	10	1,690	1,180	510
$80,000 and over	35	15	20	4,270	3,525	745
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	1,300	970	330
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	885	715	165
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	2,085	1,840	250
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	550	280	270	27,770	13,725	14,040
Without employment income	80	35	45	5,640	2,095	3,545
With employment income	475	245	230	22,130	11,635	10,495
Percentage with employment income	86.4	87.5	85.2	79.7	84.8	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	35	40	2,110	820	1,290
$5,000 to $9,999	65	40	30	1,290	455	835
$10,000 to $19,999	65	45	20	2,175	745	1,425
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	1,915	645	1,270
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	25	1,875	730	1,145
$40,000 to $49,999	50	15	30	1,890	770	1,120
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	1,895	880	1,015
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	1,575	870	705
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	1,355	875	480
$80,000 and over	30	15	10	6,050	4,845	1,205
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	1,130	805	320
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,110	755	355
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	3,810	3,280	530
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	205	...	...	13,415	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,296	...	...	105,493	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,630	...	...	88,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	2,655	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,504	...	...	55,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,688	...	...	46,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	175	...	...	10,765	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,208	...	...	118,770	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,867	...	...	99,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	205	...	...	13,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,668	...	...	119,552	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,021	...	...	97,535	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	2,660	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,583	...	...	74,448	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,035	...	...	59,190	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	10,800	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,941	...	...	130,665	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,782	...	...	106,982	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	205	...	...	13,420	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	270	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	350	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	380	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	785	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	785	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	770	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	765	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	7,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	1,960	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	1,550	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	2,050	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	205	...	...	13,415	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	365	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	315	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	355	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	415	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	1,030	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	1,020	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	1,040	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	1,035	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	5,485	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	2,105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	1,455	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	1,925	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	175	...	...	10,370	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,208	...	...	116,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,867	...	...	97,037	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	3,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	105,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	88,527	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	4,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,312	...	...	139,124	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	114,532	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	1,510	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,840	...	...	66,099	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	58,752	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	175	...	...	10,410	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,802	...	...	128,372	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,758	...	...	105,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	3,845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,986	...	...	119,128	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,355	...	...	97,127	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	4,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,981	...	...	152,131	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,116	...	...	123,677	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,404	...	...	78,441	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,122	...	...	67,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	25	15	4,150	2,155	1,990
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,816	19,136	0	49,082	61,861	40,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,920	19,136	0	42,342	50,827	36,145
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	45	25	15	4,120	2,205	1,915
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,747	30,737	62,880	66,252	73,633	57,767
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,296	27,860	53,643	53,253	58,406	47,327
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	760	400	355	35,830	17,830	18,005
In the bottom half of the distribution	350	200	155	11,740	5,430	6,310
In the bottom decile	30	20	10	1,660	740	920
In the second decile	85	55	35	1,765	745	1,025
In the third decile	65	35	35	2,230	1,010	1,215
In the fourth decile	55	30	25	2,720	1,285	1,435
In the fifth decile	120	65	50	3,365	1,650	1,710
In the top half of the distribution	405	200	205	24,090	12,400	11,690
In the sixth decile	100	45	50	3,555	1,750	1,810
In the seventh decile	65	30	40	4,275	2,130	2,145
In the eighth decile	100	50	55	4,885	2,485	2,400
In the ninth decile	90	50	40	5,685	2,970	2,715
In the top decile	45	25	25	5,695	3,065	2,625
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	35,835	17,830	18,000
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	9,380	4,805	4,580
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	3,440	1,745	1,695
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	22,845	11,335	11,515
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,600	1,695	1,910
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	2,140	925	1,220
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	770	410	365
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	270	155	120
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	1,140	450	690
65 years and over	0	0	0	230	70	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	6.0	5.2	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	8.2	8.5	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	7.8	8.9	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	5.0	4.0	6.0
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	6.4	4.1	8.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	1,310	585	725
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	465	240	230
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	145	75	75
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	795	335	465
65 years and over	0	0	0	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	3.7	3.3	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	5.0	5.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	4.2	4.3	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	3.5	3.0	4.0
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	1.4	0.9	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	755	400	360	35,905	17,895	18,005
Official languages	720	375	340	35,840	17,870	17,970
English	715	375	340	35,830	17,870	17,965
French	190	105	85	2,075	930	1,150
Non-official languages	730	385	345	3,090	1,410	1,680
Aboriginal languages	725	385	345	40	15	25
Algonquian languages	725	385	340	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	725	385	335	25	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	725	385	340	25	15	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	3,050	1,395	1,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	140	80	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	140	75	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	725	295	430
Bikol	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	710	290	420
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	10	1,810	860	950
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	465	215	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	460	210	245
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	90	50	45
Russian	0	0	0	160	75	80
Serbian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	190	80	110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	630	305	320
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dutch	0	10	0	140	65	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	0	0	0	440	215	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	40	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	110	100
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	205	100	100
Bengali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	85	50	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	100	60	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	485	215	270
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	30	10
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	415	170	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	65	20	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	15	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	35	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	35,905	17,895	18,005
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	34,390	17,180	17,205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	9,130	4,690	4,435
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	25,260	12,485	12,775
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,510	715	800
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	35,900	17,895	18,005
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	32,935	16,465	16,470
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	2,595	1,200	1,395
Before 1981	0	0	0	750	370	385
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	275	110	160
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	255	125	135
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	525	255	270
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	185	115	70
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	340	145	195
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	785	340	440
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	375	230	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	2,590	1,200	1,390
Under 5 years	0	0	0	285	145	140
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	575	285	290
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	465	170	295
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	1,140	555	585
45 years and over	0	0	0	125	45	85
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,590	1,200	1,395
Americas	0	0	0	405	175	225
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	40	10	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	75	40	35
Peru	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	195	65	125
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	60	35	20
Europe	0	0	0	1,170	605	570
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	140	80	70
Greece	0	0	0	35	25	15
Hungary	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italy	0	0	0	0	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	120	65	55
Poland	0	0	0	55	30	25
Portugal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	20	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	505	245	260
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	100	70	30
Africa	0	0	0	135	60	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	35	25
Asia	0	0	0	865	350	510
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	80	40	40
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	30	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	505	180	330
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	65	30	35
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	0	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	780	335	445
Americas	0	0	0	110	40	70
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	30	10	25
Cuba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	30	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	170	90	75
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	85	40	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	30	10
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	490	200	290
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	20	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	400	160	235
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	755	400	355	35,900	17,895	18,010
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	3,110	1,510	1,600
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	10	10	4,895	2,370	2,525
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	750	405	350	27,895	14,020	13,880
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	1,890	850	1,040
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,090	515	570
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	460	260	205
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	630	260	375
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	610	210	395
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	195	125	70
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	755	400	360	35,900	17,895	18,010
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	740	400	345	2,810	1,385	1,420
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	740	395	345	2,770	1,365	1,400
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	740	395	345	1,130	550	580
Métis	0	0	0	1,595	795	800
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	15	0	15	33,090	16,510	16,580
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	760	405	355	35,900	17,895	18,005
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	735	390	345	815	380	435
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25	10	10	35,085	17,515	17,570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	760	400	360	35,900	17,895	18,005
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	650	340	310	525	280	250
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	645	340	300	495	260	235
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	645	340	305	285	145	135
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	200	110	90
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	10	30	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	90	55	35	3,045	1,465	1,580
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	90	50	35	2,920	1,420	1,505
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	50	40	1,685	765	920
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,165	595	565
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	55	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	125	50	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	30	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15	0	10	32,330	16,145	16,185
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	760	400	355	35,900	17,895	18,010
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	2,070	990	1,080
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	275	150	130
Chinese	0	0	0	110	50	65
Black	10	0	0	250	145	100
Filipino	0	0	0	825	340	480
Latin American	0	0	0	200	100	100
Arab	0	0	0	140	80	60
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	110	65	50
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	30	10	25
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	760	400	355	33,830	16,900	16,925
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	760	400	355	35,900	17,895	18,005
North American Aboriginal origins	745	400	345	3,570	1,745	1,825
First Nations (North American Indian)	745	395	350	2,105	975	1,140
Inuit	10	10	0	130	80	50
Métis	0	0	0	1,495	765	730
Other North American origins	20	10	10	11,585	5,885	5,700
Acadian	0	0	0	110	75	35
American	0	0	0	680	295	385
Canadian	10	0	0	11,080	5,655	5,420
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	90	50	40	27,925	13,720	14,210
British Isles origins	75	45	35	18,115	8,865	9,245
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	10	10,145	4,950	5,195
Irish	20	15	10	7,345	3,450	3,900
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	55	30	25	7,800	4,000	3,800
Welsh	0	0	0	945	480	465
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	885	410	475
French origins	10	0	10	5,285	2,565	2,725
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	10	10	5,285	2,565	2,725
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	0	0	10,630	5,145	5,490
Austrian	0	0	0	595	260	330
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	320	140	170
Dutch	0	0	0	2,320	1,100	1,225
Flemish	0	0	0	30	0	25
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
German	0	0	10	8,410	4,110	4,300
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	260	100	160
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	3,760	1,715	2,045
Danish	0	0	0	655	295	360
Finnish	0	0	0	160	70	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	230	135	100
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,700	745	960
Swedish	0	0	0	1,190	520	665
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	110	65	45
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	7,875	3,880	3,990
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	175	100	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	70	20	55
Estonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	400	190	215
Latvian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	2,000	1,040	960
Romanian	0	0	0	285	140	145
Russian	0	0	0	940	375	560
Slovak	0	0	0	55	25	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5,190	2,570	2,620
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	0	0	10	1,530	725	805
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	50	60
Italian	10	0	10	865	405	460
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	180	75	100
Serbian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Spanish	0	0	0	225	115	115
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	0	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	110	45	60
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	45	10	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	180	100	80
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	25	20
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	105	60	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	315	150	160
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	150	85	65
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	40	10	25
African origins	0	0	0	290	145	145
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	50	30	20
Algerian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	80	45	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	155	70	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	135	60	70
Asian origins	0	0	0	1,770	850	915
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	235	135	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	20	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	100	60	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	35	25	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	315	160	155
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	205	105	100
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	20	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,215	545	665
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	20
Chinese	0	0	0	265	135	125
Filipino	0	0	0	820	350	470
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	10	25
Laotian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	85	45	40
Australian	0	0	0	60	30	25
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	210	...	...	13,460	...	...
Owner	10	...	...	10,490	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	2,970	...	...
Band housing	150	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	205	...	...	13,460	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,635	...	...
Not condominium	205	...	...	11,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	210	...	...	13,460	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	710	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	2,620	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	5,990	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	85	...	...	4,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	210	...	...	13,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	40	...	...	2,540	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	2,190	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	2,185	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	2,060	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	4,485	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	205	...	...	13,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	190	...	...	13,345	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	210	...	...	13,465	...	...
Suitable	185	...	...	13,025	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	210	...	...	13,460	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	2,870	...	...
1981 to 1990	55	...	...	1,310	...	...
1991 to 2000	70	...	...	1,610	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	1,620	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	2,945	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	2,995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	210	...	...	13,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	125	...	...	12,970	...	...
Major repairs needed	85	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	210	...	...	13,465	...	...
1 household maintainer	140	...	...	7,485	...	...
2 household maintainers	55	...	...	5,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	210	...	...	13,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	590	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	2,785	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	3,055	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	2,635	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	2,155	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	1,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	665	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	13,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	10,930	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	2,500	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	2,235	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	10,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	73.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,653	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,572	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	360,234	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	373,340	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	2,970	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	6.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	37.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,401	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,474	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	550	285	275	27,795	13,760	14,035
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	140	110	4,670	2,470	2,200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	70	25	45	8,905	4,240	4,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	115	120	14,225	7,050	7,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	75	45	3,655	3,055	600
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	40	25	810	495	315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	35	20	2,845	2,560	290
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	75	25	45	6,335	2,395	3,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	620	205	415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	10	20	3,615	1,395	2,215
Bachelor's degree	25	10	15	2,895	1,090	1,805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	180	55	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	60	30	25
Master's degree	0	0	0	430	190	245
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	375	190	185	19,725	9,760	9,965
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	80	45	2,025	1,145	875
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	45	15	30	6,060	2,925	3,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	210	100	110	11,640	5,690	5,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	110	70	40	2,820	2,390	430
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	30	25	575	370	210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	35	20	2,240	2,025	215
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	65	20	45	5,195	1,930	3,265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	475	155	320
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	10	15	3,155	1,210	1,945
Bachelor's degree	20	0	10	2,555	970	1,585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	145	40	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	40	15	20
Master's degree	0	0	0	370	155	215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	550	280	270	27,795	13,760	14,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	320	170	155	13,570	6,710	6,860
Education	15	0	10	1,100	295	810
13. Education	15	0	10	1,105	295	810
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	310	135	175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	90	65	30
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	225	75	145
Humanities	10	10	10	385	175	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	25	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	0	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	70	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	15	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	60	40
54. History	0	0	0	45	45	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	1,055	260	795
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	100	40	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	275	10	265
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	255	30	220
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	165	45	120
45. Social sciences	10	10	10	225	125	100
Business, management and public administration	45	10	40	2,700	725	1,975
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	160	25	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	25	2,540	705	1,835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	220	85	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	105	45	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	0	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	45	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	300	155	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	225	145	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	40	15	4,465	4,155	310
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	20	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	335	270	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	0	775	695	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	1,295	1,215	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	1,340	1,300	40
48. Precision production	0	0	0	690	655	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	10	275	190	80
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	110	85	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	165	110	60
Health and related fields	20	10	15	2,410	355	2,060
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	190	95	95
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	15	2,220	255	1,970
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	45	15	990	520	465
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	490	80	405
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	270	210	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	220	225	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	375	190	185	19,725	9,760	9,965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	165	95	75	8,080	4,070	4,015
Education	10	10	10	885	235	655
13. Education	15	0	10	885	235	655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	260	120	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	80	50	25
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	185	65	120
Humanities	10	0	10	325	150	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	25	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	60	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	55	25
54. History	0	0	0	45	40	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	930	225	700
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	90	35	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	245	0	235
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	215	20	195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	140	45	95
45. Social sciences	0	10	10	210	115	95
Business, management and public administration	50	0	40	2,225	590	1,630
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	125	20	110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	2,090	575	1,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	185	75	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	80	30	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	35	0	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	35	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	15	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	265	140	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	10	200	135	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	45	35	10	3,575	3,290	285
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	35	25	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	300	235	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	10	0	625	555	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	20	0	1,075	1,000	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	1,025	990	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	520	490	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	235	165	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	85	60	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	155	100	50
Health and related fields	15	0	15	1,980	280	1,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	170	75	90
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	1,810	205	1,610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	40	15	770	420	350
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	360	65	295
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	10	240	185	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	160	160	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	555	280	275	27,795	13,760	14,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	170	155	13,570	6,710	6,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	230	110	120	14,225	7,050	7,170
Location of study inside Canada	235	115	120	13,065	6,550	6,515
Same as province or territory of residence	190	90	95	10,175	5,190	4,985
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	25	2,890	1,360	1,530
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,160	505	660
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	160	75	90
Philippines	0	0	0	340	130	210
India	0	0	0	45	20	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	195	85	115
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	395	190	210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	375	190	185	19,725	9,760	9,960
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	90	75	8,085	4,070	4,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	210	100	115	11,640	5,690	5,955
Location of study inside Canada	210	95	110	10,670	5,265	5,405
Same as province or territory of residence	170	80	90	8,285	4,145	4,140
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	20	2,385	1,125	1,265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	970	420	550
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Philippines	0	0	0	340	130	205
India	0	0	0	40	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	125	55	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	330	160	165
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	555	280	275	27,795	13,755	14,035
In the labour force	410	220	190	20,455	10,910	9,550
Employed	370	190	185	18,790	9,945	8,845
Unemployed	40	25	10	1,670	965	700
Not in the labour force	145	65	80	7,340	2,850	4,485
Participation rate	73.9	78.6	69.1	73.6	79.3	68.0
Employment rate	66.7	67.9	67.3	67.6	72.3	63.0
Unemployment rate	9.8	11.4	5.3	8.2	8.8	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	555	280	270	27,795	13,760	14,035
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	115	50	60	6,340	2,390	3,950
Worked	435	225	210	21,455	11,370	10,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	215	105	110	11,340	6,620	4,720
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	220	120	100	10,115	4,750	5,360
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	38.1	40.5	43.2	44.0	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	410	215	195	20,455	10,905	9,550
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	260	90	165
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	405	215	190	20,200	10,815	9,380
Employee	385	200	185	18,420	9,765	8,660
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	15	15	10	1,775	1,055	725
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	405	215	190	20,455	10,910	9,545
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	260	90	165
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	400	215	195	20,200	10,815	9,380
0 Management occupations	25	15	10	2,270	1,430	840
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	15	60	3,270	730	2,540
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	950	755	195
3 Health occupations	10	10	10	1,155	135	1,015
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	95	30	60	1,915	635	1,280
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	340	85	250
6 Sales and service occupations	100	55	40	4,270	1,530	2,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	4,925	4,565	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	10	520	445	75
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	10	0	585	505	80
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	410	215	190	20,455	10,910	9,550
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	260	90	165
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	405	215	195	20,200	10,820	9,385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	20	10	145	105	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	800	655	145
22 Utilities	10	10	0	300	265	35
23 Construction	30	30	10	3,205	2,650	555
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	1,110	815	295
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	1,200	850	355
44-45 Retail trade	35	25	10	2,655	1,150	1,500
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	1,070	810	260
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	230	110	120
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	10	560	110	450
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	340	175	160
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,005	465	545
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	20	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	615	290	320
61 Educational services	35	15	20	1,180	315	870
62 Health care and social assistance	90	15	70	1,920	175	1,745
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	15	0	345	160	190
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	15	1,325	530	800
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	1,070	555	515
91 Public administration	105	55	50	1,070	605	465
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	370	185	180	18,790	9,945	8,845
Worked at home	10	0	0	985	360	625
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	25	15	10
No fixed workplace address	55	40	10	3,055	2,400	650
Worked at usual place	310	145	165	14,725	7,160	7,565
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	310	145	165	14,725	7,160	7,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	300	140	160	4,170	1,550	2,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	9,935	5,135	4,790
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	10	0	555	425	130
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	70	50	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	360	185	175	17,775	9,560	8,215
Car, truck, van - as a driver	175	100	75	15,625	8,485	7,135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	15	20	940	470	475
Public transit	0	0	0	360	230	130
Walked	130	55	75	460	175	285
Bicycle	0	0	0	60	25	40
Other method	20	15	0	330	190	145
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	360	185	180	17,775	9,565	8,215
Less than 15 minutes	300	150	150	5,245	2,185	3,060
15 to 29 minutes	35	10	20	5,310	2,880	2,430
30 to 44 minutes	15	15	0	4,175	2,520	1,660
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	1,890	1,140	750
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	1,160	840	320
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	365	185	175	17,775	9,560	8,215
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	1,855	1,410	445
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	15	0	4,205	2,830	1,380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	15	10	4,865	2,420	2,440
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	210	90	115	2,645	960	1,680
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	30	45	1,415	465	950
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	20	10	2,790	1,470	1,320
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	445	230	215	21,930	11,545	10,380
Single responses	445	230	215	21,850	11,515	10,345
Official languages	135	65	65	21,835	11,505	10,325
English	125	60	70	21,785	11,495	10,290
French	10	0	0	45	10	40
Non-official languages	315	165	150	20	10	15
Aboriginal languages	315	165	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	310	165	145	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	310	165	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	315	165	150	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	75	35	40
English and French	0	0	0	35	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	445	230	215	21,925	11,550	10,380
None	85	50	35	21,560	11,385	10,175
English	240	125	120	45	15	25
French	15	10	10	190	65	125
Non-official language	70	30	40	125	80	45
Aboriginal	70	35	40	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	125	80	45
English and French	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	745	390	350	35,275	17,560	17,715
Non-movers	660	350	315	29,210	14,645	14,565
Movers	80	45	40	6,065	2,920	3,145
Non-migrants	55	30	25	2,760	1,340	1,425
Migrants	25	15	15	3,305	1,585	1,725
Internal migrants	25	15	10	3,165	1,510	1,660
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	2,705	1,310	1,395
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	465	205	260
External migrants	0	0	0	140	70	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	685	365	320	32,995	16,450	16,540
Non-movers	470	245	225	15,915	8,125	7,790
Movers	210	115	95	17,075	8,325	8,750
Non-migrants	145	80	65	6,580	3,245	3,335
Migrants	65	35	30	10,490	5,080	5,415
Internal migrants	70	35	30	9,625	4,650	4,975
Intraprovincial migrants	60	35	25	7,445	3,590	3,850
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	2,185	1,060	1,125
External migrants	0	0	0	870	430	440

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nemaska, TC [Census subdivision], Quebec and Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta