Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nemaska, TC Quebec [Census subdivision]			Mont-Royal, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	760	...	...	20,276	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	712	...	...	19,503	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	260	...	...	7,914	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	208	...	...	7,373	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.7	...	...	2,691.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	98.49	...	...	7.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	760	400	360	20,275	9,720	10,550
0 to 14 years	205	120	85	4,050	2,135	1,915
0 to 4 years	80	45	40	1,095	580	515
5 to 9 years	75	50	25	1,420	745	675
10 to 14 years	55	30	20	1,540	810	730
15 to 64 years	520	265	255	12,365	5,935	6,425
15 to 19 years	70	35	35	1,435	780	660
20 to 24 years	75	40	35	1,250	600	650
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	805	400	405
30 to 34 years	50	20	25	895	395	495
35 to 39 years	65	35	35	1,165	530	635
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	1,425	615	810
45 to 49 years	60	30	30	1,490	705	785
50 to 54 years	30	20	10	1,530	735	785
55 to 59 years	35	15	20	1,275	640	640
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	1,085	540	550
65 years and over	35	20	15	3,860	1,650	2,205
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	975	450	525
70 to 74 years	10	10	5	870	395	475
75 to 79 years	5	5	5	695	290	405
80 to 84 years	5	0	5	585	260	325
85 years and over	0	0	0	735	260	480
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	460	180	280
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	205	60	145
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	60	15	40
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	27.0	30.0	23.6	20.0	22.0	18.2
15 to 64 years	68.4	66.3	70.8	61.0	61.1	60.9
65 years and over	4.6	5.0	4.2	19.0	17.0	20.9
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.6	2.7	4.5
Average age of the population	29.9	28.9	30.9	41.0	39.3	42.5
Median age of the population	27.1	26.1	28.8	41.9	40.2	43.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	210	...	...	7,370	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	2,485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	835	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	60	...	...	4,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...	1,360	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	490	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,980	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	210	...	...	7,370	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	1,775	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	2,055	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	1,200	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	1,575	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...	765	...	...
Number of persons in private households	760	...	...	19,860	...	...
Average household size	3.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	555	280	275	16,225	7,590	8,635
Married or living common law	280	145	140	9,705	4,835	4,865
Married	180	90	90	8,250	4,110	4,145
Living common law	105	55	55	1,450	730	720
Not married and not living common law	275	140	135	6,525	2,755	3,770
Never married	225	125	105	4,355	2,205	2,150
Separated	20	5	10	280	100	175
Divorced	15	5	5	895	265	635
Widowed	20	5	15	995	185	810
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	195	...	...	5,545	...	...
2 persons	55	...	...	2,090	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	1,205	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	1,570	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	680	...	...
Average size of census families	3.6	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	195	...	...	5,550	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	4,745	...	...
Married couples	85	...	...	4,020	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	725	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	55	...	...	805	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	640	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	4,745	...	...
Couples without children	30	...	...	1,650	...	...
Couples with children	110	...	...	3,095	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	940	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	1,495	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	805	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	445	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	265	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	65	40	25	2,215	820	1,395
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
One-census-family households	145	...	...	5,425	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20	...	...	1,595	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	130	...	...	3,825	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	40	...	...	1,885	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	1,775	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	760	400	360	20,010	9,650	10,360
English only	530	275	260	1,820	860	960
French only	0	0	0	2,250	995	1,255
English and French	190	100	85	15,615	7,640	7,980
Neither English nor French	40	25	20	320	160	160
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	760	400	360	20,010	9,650	10,360
English	565	290	275	6,400	3,100	3,305
French	25	15	10	11,005	5,280	5,725
English and French	130	70	60	2,300	1,130	1,170
Neither English nor French	40	20	15	305	145	160
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	630	330	300	7,555	3,660	3,890
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	82.9	82.5	83.3	37.8	37.9	37.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	760	400	360	20,010	9,650	10,360
Single responses	755	400	355	19,080	9,205	9,875
Official languages	70	40	35	12,445	6,035	6,415
English	45	25	20	3,705	1,785	1,915
French	25	10	10	8,740	4,245	4,495
Non-official languages	685	365	325	6,630	3,175	3,460
Aboriginal languages	685	360	325	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	685	365	320	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	685	360	315	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	680	365	320	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	6,630	3,175	3,460
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,455	725	730
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,435	715	725
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,370	685	685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	60	30	30
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	590	275	320
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	585	270	315
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	100	30	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	20	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	20	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,540	1,705	1,835
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	240	110	125
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	570	255	320
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	570	250	315
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	30	45
Russian	0	0	0	320	145	175
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	60	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	110	40	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	605	305	305
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	415	205	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	215	110	105
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	105	55	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	195	90	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	190	95	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,530	750	780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	585	285	300
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	65	75
Romanian	0	0	0	415	210	205
Spanish	0	0	0	390	185	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	555	265	290
Chinese languages	0	0	0	555	260	290
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	65	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	400	185	215
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	0	5	0	935	445	485
English and French	0	0	0	325	150	175
English and non-official language	0	5	0	175	90	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	285	135	145
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	145	70	80
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	760	400	355	20,010	9,655	10,360
Single responses	760	400	355	18,490	8,940	9,555
Official languages	100	50	45	14,935	7,235	7,700
English	90	45	40	5,585	2,685	2,900
French	5	5	0	9,350	4,550	4,800
Non-official languages	665	350	315	3,560	1,700	1,855
Aboriginal languages	660	350	310	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	665	350	310	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	665	350	310	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	660	350	315	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	3,555	1,700	1,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	610	295	315
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	605	295	310
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	590	285	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	415	195	220
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	415	195	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,870	890	975
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	155	65	90
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	370	175	200
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	375	175	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Russian	0	0	0	255	120	135
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	230	110	120
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	305	150	155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	140	65	65
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	35	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	155	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	755	365	395
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Portuguese	0	0	0	90	50	40
Romanian	0	0	0	330	165	160
Spanish	0	0	0	255	110	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	460	220	235
Chinese languages	0	0	0	460	220	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	355	175	180
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	5	25	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,520	715	810
English and French	0	0	0	430	190	240
English and non-official language	0	0	0	355	185	170
French and non-official language	0	0	0	485	225	255
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	255	115	135
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	760	400	355	20,010	9,650	10,360
None	260	150	115	12,385	5,970	6,415
English	425	210	215	2,730	1,330	1,395
French	25	10	5	2,030	990	1,045
Non-official language	45	25	20	2,035	955	1,080
Aboriginal	50	30	20	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,035	950	1,080
English and French	0	0	0	365	180	180
English and non-official language	0	0	0	240	115	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	210	100	110
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	555	280	270	15,810	7,465	8,340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	515	265	250	14,970	7,025	7,945
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,152	23,360	39,424	47,712	59,018	41,082
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	510	265	250	14,975	7,025	7,950
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,067	23,360	39,040	40,381	48,019	35,826
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	480	245	235	13,905	6,615	7,290
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,064	21,074	32,320	46,123	59,179	38,197
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	435	220	215	10,510	4,290	6,220
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,772	1,785	10,016	5,552	3,565	6,909
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	475	245	230	10,795	5,400	5,390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,600	20,659	32,320	42,729	53,376	35,291
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	555	280	270	15,805	7,515	8,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	265	250	15,000	7,105	7,895
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,789	35,739	41,999	100,943	137,212	68,317
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	265	250	15,000	7,100	7,895
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,311	34,136	40,650	70,960	92,931	51,195
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	480	245	235	13,850	6,670	7,180
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,171	33,742	34,624	103,168	141,307	67,745
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	435	220	215	10,600	4,465	6,140
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,960	4,819	11,204	7,973	7,115	8,597
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	475	245	225	10,790	5,420	5,370
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,621	31,252	34,086	93,672	124,869	62,164
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	555	280	270	15,805	7,515	8,290
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	215	110	105	4,455	2,440	2,015
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,440	43,136	46,848	75,778	87,125	68,896
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,333	45,208	47,468	125,304	151,399	93,738
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	90.8	77.5	94.4	96.9	90.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.5	80.8	74.7	68.2	71.4	62.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	11.4	22.9	5.5	3.1	9.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	550	280	275	15,805	7,470	8,335
Without total income	40	20	25	840	445	390
With total income	510	265	250	14,970	7,025	7,945
Percentage with total income	92.7	94.6	90.9	94.7	94.0	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	50	30	2,140	960	1,180
$10,000 to $19,999	90	50	35	1,915	760	1,155
$20,000 to $29,999	70	45	25	1,380	540	840
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	40	1,205	495	710
$40,000 to $49,999	50	15	35	1,095	420	675
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	35	930	380	555
$60,000 to $69,999	30	10	20	760	340	420
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	680	305	375
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	10	545	240	305
$90,000 to $99,999	15	5	10	415	195	225
$100,000 and over	15	5	5	3,910	2,390	1,520
$100,000 to $149,999	10	0	5	1,535	815	720
$150,000 and over	0	5	0	2,375	1,575	800
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	555	280	275	15,810	7,465	8,335
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	830	445	390
With after-tax income	515	265	250	14,975	7,025	7,950
Percentage with after-tax income	92.8	94.6	90.9	94.7	94.1	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	55	25	2,265	1,000	1,270
$10,000 to $19,999	90	55	40	1,980	785	1,200
$20,000 to $29,999	75	45	30	1,630	655	980
$30,000 to $39,999	65	25	40	1,540	605	935
$40,000 to $49,999	50	20	30	1,375	580	795
$50,000 to $59,999	55	20	35	1,045	460	590
$60,000 to $69,999	35	15	20	825	370	455
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	10	665	320	340
$80,000 and over	35	15	20	3,640	2,250	1,390
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	10	545	300	245
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	455	240	210
$100,000 and over	10	10	5	2,640	1,705	935
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	550	280	270	15,805	7,470	8,335
Without employment income	80	35	45	5,015	2,070	2,945
With employment income	475	245	230	10,795	5,400	5,395
Percentage with employment income	86.4	87.5	85.2	68.3	72.3	64.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	70	35	40	1,625	750	875
$5,000 to $9,999	65	40	30	800	365	435
$10,000 to $19,999	65	45	20	1,215	530	680
$20,000 to $29,999	50	30	20	865	385	485
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	25	690	300	390
$40,000 to $49,999	50	15	30	655	270	385
$50,000 to $59,999	50	20	30	595	260	330
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	485	235	250
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	470	210	260
$80,000 and over	30	15	10	3,395	2,090	1,305
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	325	155	170
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	285	150	135
$100,000 and over	10	5	0	2,780	1,785	1,000
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	205	...	...	7,370	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,296	...	...	109,540	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,630	...	...	87,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	1,775	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,504	...	...	47,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,688	...	...	38,976	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	175	...	...	5,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,208	...	...	146,725	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,867	...	...	114,269	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	205	...	...	7,370	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,668	...	...	205,309	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,021	...	...	144,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	1,770	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,583	...	...	69,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,035	...	...	53,175	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	5,605	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,941	...	...	248,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,782	...	...	173,060	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	205	...	...	7,375	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	210	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	230	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	225	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	255	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	3,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	560	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	430	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	715	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	2,220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	205	...	...	7,375	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	175	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	265	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	3,330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	490	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	2,210	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	175	...	...	5,535	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,208	...	...	148,340	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,867	...	...	115,270	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.1	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	1,575	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	130,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	102,656	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	3,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,312	...	...	191,204	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	145,827	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	780	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,840	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	60,992	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	175	...	...	5,545	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,802	...	...	249,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,758	...	...	173,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,986	...	...	248,349	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,355	...	...	175,774	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	3,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,981	...	...	283,523	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,116	...	...	194,910	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,404	...	...	127,750	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,122	...	...	93,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	25	15	1,965	740	1,225
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,816	19,136	0	44,352	45,184	44,096
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,920	19,136	0	37,504	37,824	37,376
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	45	25	15	1,950	755	1,200
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,747	30,737	62,880	66,868	76,618	60,744
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,296	27,860	53,643	51,373	56,660	48,051
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	760	400	355	19,860	9,600	10,255
In the bottom half of the distribution	350	200	155	6,615	3,060	3,555
In the bottom decile	30	20	10	1,530	710	820
In the second decile	85	55	35	1,375	620	755
In the third decile	65	35	35	1,345	615	730
In the fourth decile	55	30	25	1,190	550	640
In the fifth decile	120	65	50	1,180	570	610
In the top half of the distribution	405	200	205	13,250	6,545	6,700
In the sixth decile	100	45	50	1,175	565	610
In the seventh decile	65	30	40	1,230	575	660
In the eighth decile	100	50	55	1,445	705	735
In the ninth decile	90	50	40	2,205	1,080	1,125
In the top decile	45	25	25	7,190	3,615	3,575
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	19,860	9,605	10,255
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	4,890	2,595	2,290
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,370	725	645
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	11,515	5,465	6,050
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,460	1,540	1,915
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	2,270	1,035	1,230
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	615	310	305
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	155	80	75
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	1,310	600	715
65 years and over	0	0	0	345	130	215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	11.4	10.8	12.0
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	12.6	11.9	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	11.3	11.0	11.6
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	11.4	11.0	11.8
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	10.0	8.4	11.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	1,755	800	955
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	455	230	225
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	110	60	55
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	1,070	485	580
65 years and over	0	0	0	235	90	145
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	8.8	8.3	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	9.3	8.9	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	8.0	8.3	8.5
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	9.3	8.9	9.6
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	6.8	5.8	7.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	755	400	360	19,860	9,605	10,260
Official languages	720	375	340	19,560	9,450	10,115
English	715	375	340	17,275	8,410	8,865
French	190	105	85	17,875	8,680	9,190
Non-official languages	730	385	345	10,170	4,650	5,520
Aboriginal languages	725	385	345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	725	385	340	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	725	385	335	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	725	385	340	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	10,170	4,650	5,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,515	1,220	1,295
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,500	1,210	1,290
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,330	1,140	1,185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	190	75	120
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	825	380	440
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	805	375	430
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	120	45	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	35	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	205	95	105
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	90	105
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	10	6,040	2,670	3,370
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	335	165	170
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	835	385	450
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	835	385	455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	105	45	60
Russian	0	0	0	555	265	290
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	415	180	235
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	360	170	195
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	0	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	730	380	350
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	575	265	315
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	140	180
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hindi	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	185	85	95
Iranian languages	0	0	0	250	115	135
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	235	110	125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	25
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,525	1,465	2,060
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,280	565	715
Portuguese	0	0	0	170	95	75
Romanian	0	0	0	515	260	250
Spanish	0	0	0	1,850	685	1,165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	25	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	65	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	50	30	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	625	280	345
Chinese languages	0	0	0	625	280	340
Cantonese	0	0	0	160	80	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	475	215	265
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	70	35	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	85	45	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	19,860	9,605	10,260
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	17,685	8,525	9,160
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	4,250	2,185	2,070
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	13,430	6,340	7,090
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,170	1,080	1,095
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	19,860	9,605	10,255
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	12,370	6,020	6,350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	6,945	3,320	3,625
Before 1981	0	0	0	2,315	1,155	1,165
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	815	370	445
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	895	395	500
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,565	725	840
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	780	350	435
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	785	375	405
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,355	675	675
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	545	260	285
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	6,945	3,320	3,625
Under 5 years	0	0	0	700	340	360
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,260	610	650
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,300	585	720
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,110	1,505	1,605
45 years and over	0	0	0	570	285	290
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	6,945	3,320	3,625
Americas	0	0	0	795	355	430
Brazil	0	0	0	70	45	25
Colombia	0	0	0	60	30	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	180	70	110
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	75	20	55
Peru	0	0	0	25	15	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	160	85	75
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	185	80	105
Europe	0	0	0	2,170	1,105	1,065
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	15	0	10
France	0	0	0	545	320	225
Germany	0	0	0	70	30	40
Greece	0	0	0	215	115	100
Hungary	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	175	100	75
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	55	30	25
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	245	120	130
Russian Federation	0	0	0	110	45	65
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	75	35	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	40	65
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	495	235	260
Africa	0	0	0	1,155	585	570
Algeria	0	0	0	130	75	55
Egypt	0	0	0	365	185	180
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	290	145	145
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	350	175	180
Asia	0	0	0	2,825	1,265	1,555
Afghanistan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	355	140	210
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	55	30	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	165	90	75
Iraq	0	0	0	50	25	25
Japan	0	0	0	45	0	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	775	375	395
Pakistan	0	0	0	125	60	70
Philippines	0	0	0	85	30	60
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	315	145	165
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	495	240	260
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	260	85	175
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,350	675	675
Americas	0	0	0	185	85	105
Brazil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	10	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	35	15	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	55	25	30
Europe	0	0	0	395	225	175
France	0	0	0	125	80	40
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Romania	0	0	0	50	20	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	35	20
Africa	0	0	0	215	115	100
Algeria	0	0	0	35	25	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	70	45	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	15	30
Asia	0	0	0	550	250	300
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	160	55	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	110	60	55
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	75	35	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	20	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	0	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	755	400	355	19,860	9,600	10,255
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	7,670	3,700	3,975
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	10	10	5,045	2,445	2,600
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	750	405	350	7,145	3,460	3,685
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	4,765	2,235	2,525
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,595	1,820	1,780
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,480	885	590
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,120	925	1,190
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	805	295	505
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	310	115	195
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	55	10	45
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	755	400	360	19,860	9,605	10,255
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	740	400	345	40	25	15
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	740	395	345	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	740	395	345	25	15	10
Métis	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	15	0	15	19,825	9,580	10,240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	760	405	355	19,860	9,605	10,255
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	735	390	345	30	20	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25	10	10	19,830	9,585	10,245
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	760	400	360	19,860	9,605	10,255
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	650	340	310	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	645	340	300	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	645	340	305	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	90	55	35	180	105	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	90	50	35	185	105	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	50	40	170	95	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15	0	10	19,665	9,495	10,170
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	760	400	355	19,860	9,605	10,255
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	4,900	2,295	2,605
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	440	195	245
Chinese	0	0	0	660	290	370
Black	10	0	0	610	300	315
Filipino	0	0	0	120	40	80
Latin American	0	0	0	310	140	165
Arab	0	0	0	1,235	605	630
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	875	410	465
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	300	165	135
Korean	0	0	0	130	65	65
Japanese	0	0	0	65	20	50
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	135	65	70
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	760	400	355	14,960	7,310	7,655
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	760	400	355	19,860	9,605	10,255
North American Aboriginal origins	745	400	345	195	105	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	745	395	350	180	100	80
Inuit	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other North American origins	20	10	10	5,270	2,590	2,680
Acadian	0	0	0	15	0	15
American	0	0	0	235	105	130
Canadian	10	0	0	4,900	2,420	2,480
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	220	115	105
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	90	50	40	10,775	5,260	5,515
British Isles origins	75	45	35	2,320	1,080	1,240
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	10	855	410	440
Irish	20	15	10	1,240	545	695
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	55	30	25	675	270	400
Welsh	0	0	0	65	30	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	180	105	75
French origins	10	0	10	4,345	2,125	2,220
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	0
French	10	10	10	4,345	2,125	2,220
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	0	0	1,205	615	585
Austrian	0	0	0	140	60	85
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	310	165	145
Dutch	0	0	0	130	75	50
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	565	295	270
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	125	70	55
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	105	55	55
Danish	0	0	0	40	10	30
Finnish	0	0	0	20	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	2,265	1,145	1,115
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	25	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	55	20	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	265	135	130
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	250	135	120
Polish	0	0	0	510	260	250
Romanian	0	0	0	525	275	250
Russian	0	0	0	645	335	310
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	335	170	165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Southern European origins	0	0	10	3,390	1,630	1,760
Albanian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	10	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,030	530	500
Italian	10	0	10	1,770	815	955
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	195	95	95
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Spanish	0	0	0	435	190	245
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	325	165	160
Basque	0	0	0	50	20	25
Jewish	0	0	0	225	110	115
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	55	40	20
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	395	200	195
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	40	10	30
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0	300	155	145
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	505	240	270
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Chilean	0	0	0	40	40	0
Colombian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	0	35
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	125	35	85
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	1,670	820	850
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	220	95	120
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	0	0	0	1,300	650	640
Algerian	0	0	0	135	80	55
Berber	0	0	0	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	25	25	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	420	210	215
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	565	255	310
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	180	105	75
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	70	25	50
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	35	10	20
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other African origins	0	0	0	80	40	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Asian origins	0	0	0	6,055	2,865	3,190
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	3,580	1,760	1,810
Afghan	0	0	0	35	0	30
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	260	135	125
Armenian	0	0	0	610	295	315
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	250	150	95
Iraqi	0	0	0	95	35	65
Israeli	0	0	0	60	30	35
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	1,655	845	810
Palestinian	0	0	0	105	45	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	715	360	360
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	110	35	80
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	60	25	35
South Asian origins	0	0	0	445	215	230
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	280	145	130
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	135	55	80
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,060	900	1,155
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Chinese	0	0	0	825	360	465
Filipino	0	0	0	165	65	100
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	20	50
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	75	70
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	945	435	505
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
Owner	10	...	...	4,950	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	2,425	...	...
Band housing	150	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	205	...	...	7,375	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,245	...	...
Not condominium	205	...	...	6,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	210	...	...	7,370	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	1,090	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	1,765	...	...
3 bedrooms	85	...	...	2,015	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	85	...	...	2,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	40	...	...	2,265	...	...
5 rooms	65	...	...	730	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	590	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	745	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	3,050	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	205	...	...	7,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	190	...	...	7,150	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
Suitable	185	...	...	6,855	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	5,085	...	...
1961 to 1980	0	...	...	1,165	...	...
1981 to 1990	55	...	...	240	...	...
1991 to 2000	70	...	...	225	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	110	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	135	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	125	...	...	6,895	...	...
Major repairs needed	85	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
1 household maintainer	140	...	...	4,570	...	...
2 household maintainers	55	...	...	2,725	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	210	...	...	7,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	620	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	1,340	...	...
45 to 54 years	50	...	...	1,700	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	1,395	...	...
65 to 74 years	20	...	...	1,130	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	700	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	7,355	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	5,635	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	1,715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	1,410	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	4,955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	46.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,478	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,911	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	899,840	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	1,017,819	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	2,425	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	2.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	41.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,119	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	550	285	275	15,810	7,515	8,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	140	110	1,240	610	630
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	70	25	45	2,200	1,055	1,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	230	115	120	12,370	5,855	6,520
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	75	45	500	205	300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	40	25	390	150	245
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	35	20	110	50	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	75	25	45	2,355	995	1,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	535	155	380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	10	20	8,980	4,500	4,480
Bachelor's degree	25	10	15	4,425	2,095	2,340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	880	470	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	935	510	425
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,225	1,120	1,105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	510	315	195
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	375	190	185	9,680	4,580	5,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	80	45	265	135	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	45	15	30	775	400	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	210	100	110	8,645	4,045	4,600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	110	70	40	290	115	170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	30	25	230	85	145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	55	35	20	60	35	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	65	20	45	1,120	480	640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	375	105	265
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	10	15	6,860	3,340	3,520
Bachelor's degree	20	0	10	3,350	1,580	1,770
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	690	345	340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	655	290	365
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,825	920	905
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	345	200	140
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	550	280	270	15,810	7,515	8,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	320	170	155	3,435	1,660	1,775
Education	15	0	10	515	55	460
13. Education	15	0	10	515	55	460
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	515	170	340
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	480	145	335
Humanities	10	10	10	890	275	610
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	175	15	155
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	0	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	390	145	240
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	25	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	30	25	10
54. History	0	0	0	35	25	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	135	40	100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	2,020	850	1,175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	160	45	120
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	165	20	145
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	710	385	325
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	15	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	275	40	235
45. Social sciences	10	10	10	680	340	340
Business, management and public administration	45	10	40	3,525	1,770	1,750
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	70	10	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	25	3,455	1,765	1,690
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	705	320	385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	300	105	200
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	145	75	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	65	35	30
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	185	100	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	515	265	250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	355	210	150
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	95	45	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	40	15	1,485	1,225	260
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	150	95	60
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,075	900	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	0	135	120	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	65	55	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	10	65	25	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	40	10	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	25	15	10
Health and related fields	20	10	15	1,945	825	1,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	70	55	15
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	15	1,430	515	910
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	450	250	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	45	15	195	70	120
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	175	60	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	15	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	375	190	185	9,680	4,585	5,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	165	95	75	1,040	535	505
Education	10	10	10	260	25	230
13. Education	15	0	10	260	25	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	390	130	265
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	20	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	375	115	260
Humanities	10	0	10	420	110	310
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	120	0	110
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	140	40	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	30	20	0
54. History	0	0	0	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	1,490	635	855
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	125	35	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	10	115	15	100
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	535	275	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0	195	40	150
45. Social sciences	0	10	10	505	255	245
Business, management and public administration	50	0	40	2,710	1,325	1,385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	40	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	2,665	1,320	1,345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	360	160	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	195	75	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	105	55	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	405	215	185
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	10	295	170	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	30	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	45	35	10	1,105	880	225
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	130	85	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	825	660	165
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	10	0	70	65	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	20	0	40	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	35	30	10
48. Precision production	0	0	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	55	20	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	35	0	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	15	10
Health and related fields	15	0	15	1,315	505	805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	60	50	15
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	915	305	610
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	335	150	185
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	40	15	135	40	90
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	115	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	10	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	10	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	555	280	275	15,805	7,515	8,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	170	155	3,435	1,660	1,775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	230	110	120	12,370	5,855	6,520
Location of study inside Canada	235	115	120	9,315	4,380	4,940
Same as province or territory of residence	190	90	95	8,775	4,095	4,685
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	25	540	290	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,050	1,470	1,580
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	335	200	130
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	30
India	0	0	0	40	10	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	130	65	65
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	125	50	75
France	0	0	0	505	295	210
Other	0	0	0	1,880	835	1,045
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	375	190	185	9,685	4,580	5,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	165	90	75	1,040	535	505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	210	100	115	8,645	4,050	4,600
Location of study inside Canada	210	95	110	6,380	3,000	3,380
Same as province or territory of residence	170	80	90	6,015	2,810	3,205
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	20	365	185	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,265	1,050	1,215
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	235	130	105
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	25	0	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	95	50	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	120	50	65
France	0	0	0	405	230	175
Other	0	0	0	1,350	570	780
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	555	280	275	15,810	7,515	8,295
In the labour force	410	220	190	10,095	5,275	4,820
Employed	370	190	185	9,460	4,930	4,525
Unemployed	40	25	10	640	345	295
Not in the labour force	145	65	80	5,710	2,235	3,470
Participation rate	73.9	78.6	69.1	63.9	70.2	58.1
Employment rate	66.7	67.9	67.3	59.8	65.6	54.6
Unemployment rate	9.8	11.4	5.3	6.3	6.5	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	555	280	270	15,805	7,515	8,290
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	115	50	60	5,010	1,905	3,105
Worked	435	225	210	10,800	5,615	5,185
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	215	105	110	4,720	2,640	2,085
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	220	120	100	6,075	2,975	3,105
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.3	38.1	40.5	40.9	41.9	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	410	215	195	10,095	5,275	4,825
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	205	95	110
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	405	215	190	9,895	5,180	4,715
Employee	385	200	185	7,365	3,615	3,750
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	15	15	10	2,525	1,560	960
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	405	215	190	10,100	5,275	4,820
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	205	95	110
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	400	215	195	9,890	5,180	4,715
0 Management occupations	25	15	10	1,975	1,285	690
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	15	60	1,955	770	1,185
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	850	610	240
3 Health occupations	10	10	10	1,240	575	665
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	95	30	60	1,470	620	855
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	515	220	295
6 Sales and service occupations	100	55	40	1,550	810	740
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	50	0	215	190	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	10	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	10	0	105	80	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	410	215	190	10,100	5,275	4,825
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	205	100	110
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	405	215	195	9,890	5,175	4,715
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	20	10	20	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	20	20	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	65	40	30
23 Construction	30	30	10	210	150	60
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	715	460	255
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	560	345	215
44-45 Retail trade	35	25	10	870	440	430
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	255	155	105
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	315	180	130
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	10	740	405	335
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	355	170	185
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,760	1,050	720
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	285	150	135
61 Educational services	35	15	20	855	355	505
62 Health care and social assistance	90	15	70	1,530	595	935
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	15	0	265	140	125
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	15	395	195	205
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	255	110	145
91 Public administration	105	55	50	390	205	190
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	370	185	180	9,460	4,935	4,530
Worked at home	10	0	0	935	425	505
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	80	55	25
No fixed workplace address	55	40	10	570	340	230
Worked at usual place	310	145	165	7,880	4,115	3,760
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	310	145	165	7,880	4,115	3,765
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	300	140	160	715	340	375
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	6,425	3,325	3,100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	10	0	690	425	265
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	50	25	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	360	185	175	8,450	4,450	3,995
Car, truck, van - as a driver	175	100	75	5,435	3,055	2,385
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	15	20	300	85	210
Public transit	0	0	0	2,065	940	1,125
Walked	130	55	75	350	185	165
Bicycle	0	0	0	200	135	65
Other method	20	15	0	105	60	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	360	185	180	8,450	4,455	4,000
Less than 15 minutes	300	150	150	1,360	745	615
15 to 29 minutes	35	10	20	4,165	2,210	1,950
30 to 44 minutes	15	15	0	2,035	1,040	1,000
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	525	285	245
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	365	175	190
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	365	185	175	8,450	4,455	4,000
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	90	70	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	15	0	515	365	150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	15	10	2,845	1,525	1,325
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	210	90	115	2,975	1,465	1,510
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	70	30	45	1,410	700	705
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	20	10	615	330	290
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	445	230	215	11,090	5,730	5,360
Single responses	445	230	215	9,135	4,700	4,435
Official languages	135	65	65	8,975	4,620	4,355
English	125	60	70	3,385	1,780	1,600
French	10	0	0	5,595	2,840	2,755
Non-official languages	315	165	150	160	80	75
Aboriginal languages	315	165	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	310	165	145	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	310	165	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	315	165	150	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	155	80	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	1,960	1,030	925
English and French	0	0	0	1,755	930	825
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	20	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	125	70	60
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	445	230	215	11,090	5,730	5,360
None	85	50	35	5,060	2,495	2,565
English	240	125	120	3,600	1,955	1,645
French	15	10	10	2,070	1,090	975
Non-official language	70	30	40	235	105	130
Aboriginal	70	35	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	230	105	125
English and French	25	15	10	10	10	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	75	50	30
French and non-official language	0	10	10	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	745	390	350	19,670	9,485	10,185
Non-movers	660	350	315	17,300	8,325	8,970
Movers	80	45	40	2,370	1,155	1,215
Non-migrants	55	30	25	1,420	670	745
Migrants	25	15	15	955	490	465
Internal migrants	25	15	10	495	260	235
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	425	225	200
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	70	35	30
External migrants	0	0	0	460	230	230
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	685	365	320	18,785	9,030	9,755
Non-movers	470	245	225	12,400	5,925	6,475
Movers	210	115	95	6,390	3,110	3,280
Non-migrants	145	80	65	3,370	1,645	1,730
Migrants	65	35	30	3,015	1,465	1,550
Internal migrants	70	35	30	1,315	650	670
Intraprovincial migrants	60	35	25	1,160	580	580
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	160	65	90
External migrants	0	0	0	1,700	820	880

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nemaska, TC [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mont-Royal, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nemaska, Terres réservées aux Cris [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec