Census Profile, 2016 Census
Markham--Stouffville [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Ontario [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Markham--Stouffville Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Ontario [Province]
	Data quality , Markham--Stouffville [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : Markham--Stouffville [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ontario [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	126,064	...	...	13,448,494	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	109,780	...	...	12,851,821	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	14.8	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	41,171	...	...	5,598,391	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	40,298	...	...	5,169,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	446.1	...	...	14.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	282.59	...	...	908,699.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	126,065	61,415	64,650	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105
0 to 14 years	24,995	12,735	12,260	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350
0 to 4 years	7,970	4,065	3,905	697,360	357,300	340,055
5 to 9 years	8,810	4,500	4,315	756,085	387,320	368,765
10 to 14 years	8,210	4,170	4,035	754,530	387,000	367,530
15 to 64 years	81,990	39,935	42,055	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750
15 to 19 years	7,600	3,885	3,720	811,670	416,730	394,945
20 to 24 years	6,925	3,625	3,300	894,390	457,815	436,570
25 to 29 years	6,255	3,120	3,135	874,350	436,345	438,010
30 to 34 years	7,900	3,685	4,215	864,765	420,800	443,965
35 to 39 years	9,225	4,235	4,990	842,485	402,900	439,585
40 to 44 years	10,085	4,940	5,145	871,875	418,465	453,415
45 to 49 years	9,465	4,635	4,830	937,385	453,105	484,275
50 to 54 years	9,195	4,505	4,685	1,056,345	517,170	539,175
55 to 59 years	8,145	3,925	4,225	989,460	482,280	507,180
60 to 64 years	7,195	3,380	3,815	846,145	406,505	439,640
65 years and over	19,080	8,740	10,340	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000
65 to 69 years	6,500	3,095	3,405	737,745	352,475	385,270
70 to 74 years	4,625	2,220	2,405	528,645	250,455	278,185
75 to 79 years	3,295	1,570	1,725	393,010	179,810	213,195
80 to 84 years	2,360	1,030	1,330	291,185	126,825	164,360
85 years and over	2,305	825	1,475	301,075	106,090	194,985
85 to 89 years	1,450	550	900	188,470	73,045	115,425
90 to 94 years	645	225	420	88,390	27,400	60,990
95 to 99 years	185	40	140	21,210	5,150	16,060
100 years and over	25	5	20	3,005	495	2,520
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	20.7	19.0	16.4	17.3	15.6
15 to 64 years	65.0	65.0	65.1	66.8	67.3	66.4
65 years and over	15.1	14.2	16.0	16.7	15.5	17.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.3	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.3	38.5	40.2	41.0	40.0	41.9
Median age of the population	40.1	39.4	40.7	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	40,295	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Single-detached house	28,395	...	...	2,807,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	945	...	...	886,705	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	10,955	...	...	1,460,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,710	...	...	289,975	...	...
Row house	5,720	...	...	460,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,165	...	...	176,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,345	...	...	522,810	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	10,910	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	0	...	...	14,890	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	40,295	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 person	5,485	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
2 persons	10,920	...	...	1,693,525	...	...
3 persons	7,860	...	...	834,260	...	...
4 persons	9,695	...	...	796,320	...	...
5 or more persons	6,335	...	...	503,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	124,890	...	...	13,242,160	...	...
Average household size	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	101,070	48,680	52,395	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750
Married or living common law	65,900	32,855	33,045	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795
Married	61,485	30,650	30,835	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655
Living common law	4,420	2,200	2,215	906,155	455,015	451,145
Not married and not living common law	35,175	15,825	19,350	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955
Never married	24,230	12,825	11,405	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605
Separated	1,985	730	1,255	328,675	138,140	190,535
Divorced	4,005	1,375	2,625	653,835	252,900	400,935
Widowed	4,955	890	4,065	637,150	128,265	508,880
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	36,480	...	...	3,782,540	...	...
2 persons	13,725	...	...	1,815,000	...	...
3 persons	8,755	...	...	844,545	...	...
4 persons	10,390	...	...	792,435	...	...
5 or more persons	3,605	...	...	330,560	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	36,480	...	...	3,782,545	...	...
Total couple families	32,205	...	...	3,137,570	...	...
Married couples	29,995	...	...	2,684,735	...	...
Common-law couples	2,210	...	...	452,840	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,275	...	...	644,975	...	...
Female parent	3,410	...	...	518,480	...	...
Male parent	865	...	...	126,495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	32,205	...	...	3,137,565	...	...
Couples without children	11,275	...	...	1,428,575	...	...
Couples with children	20,930	...	...	1,708,995	...	...
1 child	7,390	...	...	658,305	...	...
2 children	10,025	...	...	738,710	...	...
3 or more children	3,520	...	...	311,975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,275	...	...	644,975	...	...
1 child	2,455	...	...	386,425	...	...
2 children	1,365	...	...	186,240	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	72,310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,835	4,195	6,635	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	40,295	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One-census-family households	31,960	...	...	3,481,885	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	9,320	...	...	1,311,575	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	22,645	...	...	2,170,315	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,205	...	...	145,615	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,130	...	...	1,541,665	...	...
One-person households	5,490	...	...	1,341,305	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	645	...	...	200,365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	125,015	61,095	63,915	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
English only	110,925	55,200	55,720	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665
French only	65	25	35	40,040	17,340	22,705
English and French	8,585	3,630	4,955	1,490,390	665,850	824,540
Neither English nor French	5,445	2,240	3,200	326,935	130,850	196,085
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	125,015	61,095	63,920	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995
English	117,545	57,945	59,600	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355
French	1,205	540	665	504,130	236,875	267,250
English and French	890	405	485	92,940	42,910	50,030
Neither English nor French	5,375	2,210	3,165	321,480	128,125	193,355
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,650	745	910	550,600	258,330	292,270
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.2	1.4	4.1	4.0	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	125,015	61,100	63,915	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	120,095	58,720	61,375	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330
Official languages	69,455	34,590	34,860	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520
English	68,350	34,105	34,245	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110
French	1,100	485	615	490,715	231,310	259,410
Non-official languages	50,645	24,125	26,520	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	22,765	10,815	11,950
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	21,235	10,175	11,060
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5,080	2,485	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	85	40	45
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	5	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	355	135	225
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,500	2,255	2,245
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	85	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	16,025	7,620	8,400
Algonquin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Ojibway	0	0	0	9,505	4,515	4,985
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,310	3,015	3,300
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	60	20	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dene	0	0	5	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	475	165	305
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	425	145	280
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	710	300	410
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	590	255	335
Oneida	0	0	0	55	15	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	15	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	130	105
Non-Aboriginal languages	50,645	24,125	26,515	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,305	655	650	253,830	127,720	126,110
Berber languages	0	0	0	725	405	320
Kabyle	0	0	0	425	225	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	305	180	120
Cushitic languages	35	15	15	24,605	10,730	13,870
Bilen	0	0	0	250	140	110
Oromo	5	5	0	1,445	720	730
Somali	25	10	15	22,680	9,755	12,925
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	115	110
Semitic languages	1,270	635	635	227,985	116,320	111,665
Amharic	35	15	20	10,720	4,960	5,760
Arabic	1,140	570	570	171,370	88,400	82,965
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	5	14,555	7,135	7,420
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	4,795	2,365	2,425
Harari	30	10	15	1,030	485	545
Hebrew	25	10	10	11,575	6,220	5,350
Maltese	25	10	15	5,175	2,575	2,600
Tigrigna	5	5	5	7,345	3,470	3,870
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,435	705	730
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	520	265	250
Austro-Asiatic languages	440	205	235	78,125	35,880	42,240
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	15	7,355	3,330	4,020
Vietnamese	420	200	220	70,690	32,520	38,165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	30	50
Austronesian languages	2,395	950	1,445	194,380	76,060	118,315
Bikol	5	0	5	595	260	330
Cebuano	65	25	40	6,545	2,500	4,045
Fijian	5	0	0	80	45	40
Hiligaynon	45	20	25	2,750	1,030	1,725
Ilocano	60	20	40	11,285	4,430	6,860
Malagasy	0	0	0	100	45	55
Malay	110	55	55	5,760	2,520	3,240
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15	1,505	670	840
Pangasinan	5	5	0	535	215	315
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,065	815	1,260	163,415	63,665	99,755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	405	140	270
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	1,400	550	850
Creole languages	100	50	50	11,255	5,095	6,165
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	630	290	340
Creole, n.o.s.	75	35	40	8,025	3,580	4,440
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,605	1,225	1,380
Dravidian languages	6,920	3,355	3,570	148,605	73,530	75,075
Kannada	45	20	20	2,670	1,365	1,305
Malayalam	315	160	155	17,140	8,795	8,350
Tamil	6,360	3,075	3,285	117,630	57,310	60,320
Telugu	200	95	110	10,820	5,895	4,925
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	340	165	175
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	525	250	270
Indo-European languages	16,485	8,020	8,460	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165
Albanian	70	35	40	19,045	9,535	9,510
Armenian	445	230	220	15,070	7,305	7,765
Balto-Slavic languages	2,175	1,035	1,140	410,725	188,695	222,025
Baltic languages	45	20	25	9,080	3,785	5,295
Latvian	30	15	20	3,910	1,650	2,260
Lithuanian	20	5	10	5,175	2,135	3,035
Slavic languages	2,125	1,015	1,110	401,645	184,915	216,730
Belarusan	0	0	0	515	230	280
Bosnian	15	5	10	6,370	3,125	3,245
Bulgarian	60	30	25	9,095	4,355	4,740
Croatian	50	25	25	31,875	15,460	16,410
Czech	65	35	35	10,670	4,930	5,740
Macedonian	795	395	405	15,635	7,470	8,165
Polish	415	195	220	121,075	54,675	66,405
Russian	410	180	225	101,100	45,630	55,470
Serbian	115	65	55	41,740	20,585	21,150
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	4,875	2,310	2,570
Slovak	45	10	30	10,280	4,710	5,565
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	20	20	6,740	2,995	3,745
Ukrainian	110	50	60	40,375	17,760	22,610
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,310	670	635
Celtic languages	10	5	5	1,110	505	605
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	450	210	240
Welsh	10	0	0	435	180	260
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	120	110
Germanic languages	1,025	480	550	200,640	94,475	106,165
Afrikaans	15	5	5	2,295	1,125	1,170
Danish	30	15	10	4,265	2,010	2,250
Dutch	220	110	110	51,720	24,875	26,840
Frisian	5	5	0	1,240	630	620
German	735	330	400	131,525	61,520	70,005
Icelandic	0	0	0	210	100	110
Norwegian	5	5	0	940	405	540
Swedish	15	5	10	2,395	1,040	1,350
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	2,150	925	1,225
Yiddish	0	0	0	3,735	1,765	1,970
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	85
Greek	1,235	610	620	55,415	27,305	28,110
Indo-Iranian languages	7,115	3,480	3,640	707,845	357,350	350,495
Indo-Aryan languages	6,150	2,990	3,165	565,600	285,720	279,875
Bengali	280	140	140	46,810	23,615	23,195
Gujarati	1,445	710	735	76,675	38,740	37,940
Hindi	815	395	415	58,735	29,805	28,930
Kashmiri	5	0	0	345	170	175
Konkani	30	15	15	2,510	1,195	1,315
Marathi	95	45	50	5,490	2,805	2,685
Nepali	25	10	10	7,870	3,915	3,960
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	715	380	335
Punjabi (Panjabi)	980	480	505	197,060	100,160	96,895
Sindhi	180	95	80	6,840	3,225	3,615
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	185	90	100	10,165	4,925	5,235
Urdu	2,105	1,005	1,095	152,385	76,795	75,595
Iranian languages	940	475	460	139,675	70,270	69,405
Kurdish	10	5	5	6,665	3,615	3,050
Pashto	95	50	45	10,950	5,630	5,315
Persian (Farsi)	830	420	415	122,070	61,025	61,040
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	2,565	1,350	1,215
Italic (Romance) languages	4,400	2,155	2,250	614,525	295,030	319,490
Catalan	5	0	5	285	150	135
Italian	2,575	1,290	1,285	231,040	112,440	118,600
Portuguese	465	225	240	150,000	72,280	77,715
Romanian	350	155	200	41,755	19,565	22,190
Spanish	1,000	480	520	191,025	90,390	100,630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	420	200	215
Japanese	125	40	85	13,260	4,590	8,670
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,200	635	565
Georgian	0	0	0	1,200	635	565
Korean	445	195	250	69,775	32,035	37,740
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	405	180	220
Mongolian	0	0	0	405	180	225
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60	35,760	16,705	19,050
Akan (Twi)	25	10	15	9,695	4,510	5,190
Bamanankan	0	0	0	140	60	80
Edo	10	5	0	1,140	475	670
Ewe	0	0	0	560	270	295
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	365	180	185
Ga	0	0	0	600	275	325
Ganda	0	0	0	760	360	400
Igbo	5	0	5	2,090	1,080	1,010
Lingala	5	0	5	850	365	485
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	1,430	640	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	1,330	545	785
Shona	10	0	5	1,455	660	790
Swahili	25	10	15	5,525	2,540	2,985
Wolof	5	0	5	290	145	150
Yoruba	10	10	5	4,365	2,260	2,105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	5,155	2,345	2,810
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	1,610	810	800
Dinka	0	0	0	345	170	175
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	1,260	635	625
Sign languages	20	15	5	3,030	1,570	1,455
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,305	640	670
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	1,700	925	780
Sino-Tibetan languages	21,740	10,335	11,410	611,795	284,865	326,935
Chinese languages	21,720	10,325	11,400	602,610	280,340	322,270
Cantonese	14,245	6,845	7,395	275,315	128,090	147,220
Hakka	410	180	225	6,985	3,140	3,840
Mandarin	6,320	2,955	3,365	283,735	132,275	151,460
Min Dong	10	5	10	855	405	450
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	320	150	165	13,545	6,240	7,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	140	65	80	6,300	2,825	3,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	275	125	150	15,645	7,235	8,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	120	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	10	9,185	4,520	4,660
Burmese	20	5	15	1,640	775	865
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,730	865	860
Tibetan	0	0	0	5,115	2,530	2,585
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	700	345	350
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	35	8,485	3,535	4,945
Lao	25	10	20	5,190	2,480	2,710
Thai	25	10	20	3,270	1,045	2,220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkic languages	135	75	60	22,615	11,745	10,870
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	1,990	1,070	920
Turkish	85	50	35	18,415	9,610	8,810
Uyghur	0	0	0	515	255	260
Uzbek	15	10	5	1,055	515	545
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	640	295	345
Uralic languages	365	160	200	50,670	23,095	27,570
Estonian	40	20	20	4,205	1,810	2,400
Finnish	95	40	55	9,720	4,140	5,580
Hungarian	225	105	125	36,740	17,150	19,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	1,475	780	690
Multiple responses	4,920	2,380	2,535	365,910	176,250	189,660
English and French	320	140	175	54,045	25,165	28,880
English and non-official language	4,390	2,140	2,250	288,285	140,345	147,940
French and non-official language	85	40	40	12,565	5,735	6,830
English, French and non-official language	120	60	65	11,010	5,000	6,005
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	125,015	61,100	63,915	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
Single responses	113,830	55,655	58,175	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085
Official languages	85,030	41,900	43,125	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300
English	84,560	41,690	42,870	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800
French	470	215	255	277,045	129,540	147,500
Non-official languages	28,805	13,755	15,050	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	9,210	4,600	4,610
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	8,685	4,370	4,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,370	1,205	1,165
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	105	50	55
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,220	1,135	1,085
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	6,305	3,155	3,145
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	3,315	1,695	1,620
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	2,905	1,420	1,490
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	160	60	90
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	185	80	100
Oneida	0	0	0	20	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,805	13,755	15,055	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	505	240	265	138,460	66,865	71,590
Berber languages	0	0	0	345	175	170
Kabyle	0	0	0	255	125	130
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	50	45
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	14,460	6,100	8,360
Bilen	0	0	0	170	80	85
Oromo	5	5	0	805	380	425
Somali	10	5	5	13,370	5,590	7,780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	65
Semitic languages	485	230	255	123,410	60,475	62,940
Amharic	10	0	5	5,625	2,540	3,085
Arabic	450	210	235	94,195	46,505	47,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	9,515	4,595	4,920
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	2,915	1,410	1,500
Harari	15	10	10	555	250	305
Hebrew	5	5	5	4,850	2,505	2,345
Maltese	5	0	5	1,090	505	580
Tigrigna	0	0	0	3,920	1,805	2,115
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	755	360	395
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	245	115	125
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	75	80	50,245	23,105	27,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	3,770	1,650	2,120
Vietnamese	150	70	80	46,435	21,435	25,000
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austronesian languages	810	360	450	85,370	36,525	48,845
Bikol	0	0	0	90	35	55
Cebuano	25	10	15	2,325	1,020	1,315
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	910	385	530
Ilocano	10	10	10	4,100	1,780	2,320
Malagasy	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malay	35	15	15	1,810	860	945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	445	200	250
Pangasinan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	720	320	400	75,070	31,965	43,105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	90	35	55
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	175	200
Creole languages	60	30	30	5,325	2,355	2,970
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	355	165	190
Creole, n.o.s.	45	25	25	3,995	1,735	2,255
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	975	455	520
Dravidian languages	4,325	2,025	2,305	96,250	46,575	49,680
Kannada	15	5	5	1,060	540	520
Malayalam	140	70	70	8,760	4,460	4,295
Tamil	4,090	1,900	2,185	80,600	38,460	42,140
Telugu	80	40	45	5,705	3,050	2,655
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Indo-European languages	6,260	2,975	3,285	978,300	469,640	508,670
Albanian	20	10	10	9,190	4,580	4,605
Armenian	200	105	90	8,630	4,065	4,560
Balto-Slavic languages	725	360	370	192,945	90,585	102,365
Baltic languages	5	0	5	2,305	950	1,355
Latvian	5	0	5	860	350	515
Lithuanian	0	0	0	1,440	600	840
Slavic languages	725	360	365	190,645	89,635	101,005
Belarusan	0	0	0	175	80	90
Bosnian	5	0	5	3,220	1,595	1,620
Bulgarian	25	10	15	4,830	2,350	2,480
Croatian	10	5	0	11,125	5,275	5,855
Czech	15	5	10	3,070	1,480	1,595
Macedonian	255	125	135	6,255	2,965	3,285
Polish	155	80	75	52,555	24,510	28,045
Russian	215	105	110	63,570	29,655	33,920
Serbian	20	10	5	23,175	11,335	11,840
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	1,925	920	1,010
Slovak	15	10	10	3,520	1,680	1,845
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	1,465	645	815
Ukrainian	15	10	5	15,415	6,995	8,420
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	355	160	190
Celtic languages	0	0	5	120	65	55
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	60	30	25
Welsh	5	0	0	30	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Germanic languages	105	50	55	44,515	21,630	22,880
Afrikaans	0	0	0	755	365	390
Danish	5	0	5	280	135	150
Dutch	20	10	10	4,450	2,145	2,305
Frisian	0	0	0	90	45	45
German	85	40	40	37,255	18,140	19,120
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	385	190	190
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	145	60	85
Yiddish	0	0	0	370	190	185
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	655	315	340
Greek	335	160	175	21,700	10,160	11,535
Indo-Iranian languages	3,515	1,670	1,850	435,835	215,755	220,080
Indo-Aryan languages	3,025	1,430	1,595	344,050	171,125	172,920
Bengali	155	75	80	29,590	14,595	14,995
Gujarati	785	365	410	45,445	22,410	23,035
Hindi	320	150	160	28,960	14,485	14,475
Kashmiri	10	5	0	65	30	35
Konkani	10	5	0	540	260	280
Marathi	40	20	20	2,420	1,230	1,190
Nepali	10	5	5	5,640	2,815	2,820
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	325	160	165
Punjabi (Panjabi)	545	250	295	132,135	66,410	65,725
Sindhi	65	30	30	2,880	1,320	1,560
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	85	40	50	4,595	2,250	2,345
Urdu	1,005	480	525	91,450	45,160	46,295
Iranian languages	475	230	245	90,730	44,090	46,640
Kurdish	5	5	0	3,675	1,900	1,770
Pashto	60	25	30	6,750	3,360	3,395
Persian (Farsi)	415	200	215	80,305	38,830	41,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	1,050	540	515
Italic (Romance) languages	1,360	630	735	265,375	122,790	142,585
Catalan	0	0	0	135	60	75
Italian	590	265	330	72,960	31,195	41,770
Portuguese	95	45	50	67,415	32,065	35,355
Romanian	165	75	95	19,920	9,380	10,535
Spanish	500	245	255	104,820	50,035	54,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	50	60
Japanese	40	20	25	6,040	2,590	3,450
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	770	420	355
Georgian	0	0	0	775	420	355
Korean	250	125	125	48,540	22,685	25,855
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	225	115	110
Mongolian	0	0	0	230	120	110
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	5	12,120	5,400	6,725
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	4,415	1,915	2,495
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	5	0	0	305	120	180
Ewe	0	0	0	135	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Ga	0	0	0	175	80	100
Ganda	0	0	0	195	85	110
Igbo	0	0	0	540	265	275
Lingala	5	5	0	225	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	475	230	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	420	160	260
Shona	0	0	0	455	210	245
Swahili	5	5	5	2,085	925	1,160
Wolof	0	0	0	130	65	65
Yoruba	0	0	0	1,300	625	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,120	500	625
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	550	260	290
Dinka	0	0	0	120	60	65
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	195	225
Sign languages	25	15	10	4,425	2,485	1,940
American Sign Language	0	5	0	1,605	830	770
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	2,795	1,640	1,150
Sino-Tibetan languages	16,200	7,810	8,390	448,200	210,560	237,640
Chinese languages	16,190	7,810	8,390	441,615	207,305	234,310
Cantonese	10,605	5,090	5,510	198,745	91,545	107,200
Hakka	180	85	90	2,870	1,305	1,575
Mandarin	5,015	2,440	2,570	220,535	105,360	115,175
Min Dong	5	0	0	265	115	145
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	120	55	65	5,775	2,635	3,140
Wu (Shanghainese)	90	40	45	3,690	1,735	1,955
Chinese, n.o.s.	190	90	105	9,630	4,565	5,070
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	6,580	3,250	3,330
Burmese	5	0	0	1,010	480	530
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,360	685	675
Tibetan	0	0	0	3,875	1,925	1,945
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	335	165	170
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	3,865	1,845	2,020
Lao	5	0	0	2,535	1,220	1,315
Thai	10	5	10	1,315	615	695
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	60	30	25	12,435	6,200	6,230
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	770	385	380
Turkish	40	20	25	10,545	5,245	5,300
Uyghur	0	0	0	290	150	140
Uzbek	5	0	0	585	290	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	250	130	120
Uralic languages	90	35	50	15,330	6,990	8,340
Estonian	10	0	5	790	290	500
Finnish	20	10	10	1,835	780	1,050
Hungarian	60	25	35	12,700	5,915	6,790
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	465	245	225
Multiple responses	11,180	5,445	5,735	790,825	379,925	410,905
English and French	265	125	135	45,655	20,895	24,755
English and non-official language	10,650	5,200	5,450	719,595	347,730	371,865
French and non-official language	45	20	25	6,725	2,930	3,795
English, French and non-official language	225	100	125	18,855	8,365	10,490
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	125,015	61,095	63,920	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990
None	96,215	47,255	48,960	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000
English	12,315	6,120	6,195	896,170	437,015	459,155
French	970	395	575	243,970	108,390	135,580
Non-official language	15,010	7,125	7,890	1,056,960	501,315	555,645
Aboriginal	0	0	0	14,315	6,580	7,735
Non-Aboriginal	15,015	7,120	7,890	1,042,645	494,735	547,910
English and French	75	40	40	8,150	3,755	4,395
English and non-official language	250	110	140	19,105	9,370	9,735
French and non-official language	175	60	110	16,435	7,165	9,270
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	415	205	215
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	99,925	48,320	51,605	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,170	45,960	49,205	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,645	44,881	31,960	33,539	39,889	28,676
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,195	45,975	49,225	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,954	39,769	29,224	30,641	35,753	26,585
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,970	42,890	44,085	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,338	45,367	30,747	32,871	39,831	27,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,730	28,880	37,855	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,561	956	3,854	4,206	2,034	5,463
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,780	37,065	35,715	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,603	46,448	33,940	33,946	39,490	29,413
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	99,930	48,235	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,190	45,850	49,340	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,015	63,966	42,838	47,915	56,780	39,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,220	45,860	49,365	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,930	50,395	35,995	39,318	45,443	33,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,010	42,810	44,200	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,178	64,833	41,890	47,890	57,511	38,459
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,725	28,655	38,075	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,284	5,488	6,883	7,346	6,763	7,815
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,800	36,960	35,845	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,623	63,872	43,055	47,369	55,263	39,057
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	99,930	48,235	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	37,025	20,875	16,145	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	60,475	66,836	53,863	55,121	60,345	49,713
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,560	83,568	62,914	68,628	76,536	58,676
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.6	94.5	87.6	88.9	92.1	84.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.4	80.5	73.2	72.9	76.0	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.4	5.5	12.4	11.1	7.9	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	99,925	48,325	51,600	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without total income	4,750	2,360	2,395	481,500	227,390	254,115
With total income	95,175	45,965	49,210	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.1	95.4	95.6	95.7	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,410	6,545	8,865	1,615,790	711,105	904,685
$10,000 to $19,999	14,820	6,260	8,565	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645
$20,000 to $29,999	10,555	4,445	6,110	1,410,760	589,975	820,785
$30,000 to $39,999	8,855	3,830	5,025	1,147,510	519,550	627,955
$40,000 to $49,999	8,510	3,835	4,675	1,021,880	489,595	532,285
$50,000 to $59,999	7,000	3,315	3,690	809,115	415,950	393,165
$60,000 to $69,999	6,070	3,100	2,970	630,635	348,525	282,110
$70,000 to $79,999	4,975	2,690	2,280	479,890	277,725	202,165
$80,000 to $89,999	4,030	2,260	1,765	378,185	222,095	156,095
$90,000 to $99,999	3,880	2,140	1,745	324,810	181,815	142,995
$100,000 and over	11,065	7,545	3,520	909,005	616,420	292,585
$100,000 to $149,999	7,315	4,745	2,570	600,995	394,410	206,590
$150,000 and over	3,750	2,805	945	308,010	222,010	86,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	99,925	48,325	51,605	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without after-tax income	4,725	2,350	2,375	478,635	227,025	251,610
With after-tax income	95,200	45,975	49,225	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.1	95.4	95.7	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,835	6,665	9,170	1,659,280	722,040	937,235
$10,000 to $19,999	15,425	6,540	8,880	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540
$20,000 to $29,999	12,155	5,125	7,025	1,623,230	690,290	932,940
$30,000 to $39,999	10,750	4,755	5,990	1,377,100	642,645	734,450
$40,000 to $49,999	10,090	4,730	5,360	1,166,040	585,490	580,555
$50,000 to $59,999	8,045	4,100	3,940	845,305	464,610	380,700
$60,000 to $69,999	6,310	3,510	2,805	604,005	354,015	249,985
$70,000 to $79,999	5,390	3,025	2,365	465,485	268,140	197,345
$80,000 and over	11,200	7,520	3,680	912,490	611,260	301,230
$80,000 to $89,999	3,670	2,170	1,500	299,315	183,410	115,905
$90,000 to $99,999	2,105	1,400	705	174,110	116,330	57,785
$100,000 and over	5,420	3,945	1,475	439,070	311,525	127,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	99,925	48,325	51,600	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590
Without employment income	27,145	11,255	15,885	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245
With employment income	72,780	37,065	35,715	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350
Percentage with employment income	72.8	76.7	69.2	70.6	74.8	66.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,895	4,110	4,790	1,094,860	546,920	547,940
$5,000 to $9,999	5,500	2,480	3,020	635,305	281,135	354,165
$10,000 to $19,999	8,920	4,190	4,725	1,027,910	464,445	563,465
$20,000 to $29,999	6,895	3,045	3,850	827,805	372,185	455,625
$30,000 to $39,999	6,435	2,870	3,570	767,840	351,925	415,910
$40,000 to $49,999	6,325	2,850	3,480	709,775	341,320	368,450
$50,000 to $59,999	5,345	2,645	2,700	588,220	310,155	278,065
$60,000 to $69,999	4,640	2,440	2,200	465,670	263,430	202,240
$70,000 to $79,999	3,945	2,175	1,770	369,085	218,570	150,515
$80,000 and over	15,875	10,260	5,615	1,304,210	848,245	455,970
$80,000 to $89,999	3,365	1,945	1,420	307,660	182,660	125,005
$90,000 to $99,999	3,430	1,840	1,585	280,530	156,440	124,090
$100,000 and over	9,080	6,470	2,605	716,015	509,140	206,875
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	40,300	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,961	...	...	74,287	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,527	...	...	65,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,490	...	...	1,341,300	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,275	...	...	36,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,582	...	...	33,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,810	...	...	3,827,875	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,150	...	...	90,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,820	...	...	79,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	40,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	125,201	...	...	97,856	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	101,421	...	...	80,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,495	...	...	1,341,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	60,203	...	...	49,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,171	...	...	40,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,805	...	...	3,828,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	135,469	...	...	114,773	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,675	...	...	94,157	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	40,295	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	390	...	...	86,720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	70,245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	134,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	620	...	...	185,245	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	850	...	...	200,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	860	...	...	189,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,005	...	...	202,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,065	...	...	207,180	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,105	...	...	206,605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	202,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,275	...	...	388,820	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,285	...	...	363,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,410	...	...	335,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,370	...	...	309,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,395	...	...	282,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	20,835	...	...	1,803,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,400	...	...	560,090	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,410	...	...	394,570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,760	...	...	449,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,255	...	...	399,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	40,300	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Under $5,000	445	...	...	92,220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	71,480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	425	...	...	136,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	650	...	...	192,920	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	935	...	...	222,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	950	...	...	211,440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,135	...	...	232,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,220	...	...	244,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,385	...	...	247,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,360	...	...	241,965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,855	...	...	463,170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,895	...	...	422,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,035	...	...	388,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,030	...	...	342,330	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,830	...	...	290,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,880	...	...	1,367,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,030	...	...	539,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,280	...	...	334,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	6,570	...	...	493,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	34,515	...	...	3,689,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,447	...	...	91,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,151	...	...	79,531	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,995	...	...	1,280,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,805	...	...	81,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,739	...	...	71,237	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	20,935	...	...	1,716,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,299	...	...	115,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,046	...	...	99,205	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,630	...	...	584,180	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,472	...	...	54,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,780	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	34,550	...	...	3,689,080	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	134,605	...	...	115,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,863	...	...	94,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,075	...	...	1,280,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	122,455	...	...	104,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,209	...	...	84,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	20,955	...	...	1,717,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,804	...	...	140,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,314	...	...	114,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,590	...	...	581,945	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	84,962	...	...	67,748	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,416	...	...	58,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	7,350	3,075	4,275	1,818,815	867,175	951,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	40,120	43,424	38,629	32,097	33,925	30,753
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	35,889	38,067	34,837	29,417	30,678	28,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	7,375	3,035	4,335	1,814,575	864,020	950,555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	53,725	57,196	51,293	44,298	46,765	42,057
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,341	46,315	42,959	36,874	38,228	35,644
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	124,885	61,040	63,850	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,195	22,140	24,050	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895
In the bottom decile	7,065	3,450	3,615	1,346,645	651,310	695,335
In the second decile	8,905	4,155	4,750	1,280,675	581,380	699,290
In the third decile	9,370	4,475	4,900	1,237,415	583,840	653,575
In the fourth decile	9,605	4,660	4,950	1,223,510	589,740	633,770
In the fifth decile	11,240	5,405	5,830	1,246,925	610,000	636,930
In the top half of the distribution	78,695	38,890	39,800	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060
In the sixth decile	12,125	5,935	6,185	1,279,095	629,635	649,465
In the seventh decile	13,910	6,700	7,205	1,321,220	655,840	665,375
In the eighth decile	16,035	7,855	8,180	1,382,795	691,630	691,165
In the ninth decile	18,120	9,020	9,095	1,464,415	736,030	728,385
In the top decile	18,515	9,380	9,135	1,459,465	742,795	716,670
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	124,890	61,035	63,855	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130
0 to 17 years	29,625	15,075	14,545	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630
0 to 5 years	9,660	4,925	4,730	835,000	428,025	406,975
18 to 64 years	77,165	37,475	39,690	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345
65 years and over	18,095	8,480	9,615	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,370	5,465	5,900	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445
0 to 17 years	3,170	1,635	1,535	489,905	251,830	238,080
0 to 5 years	1,020	535	485	165,140	84,825	80,310
18 to 64 years	6,680	3,200	3,480	1,155,315	538,535	616,780
65 years and over	1,525	635	885	253,755	96,170	157,585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.1	9.0	9.2	14.4	13.8	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.8	10.6	18.4	18.5	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.9	10.3	19.8	19.8	19.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7	8.5	8.8	13.7	13.1	14.3
65 years and over (%)	8.4	7.5	9.2	12.0	9.9	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,385	3,565	3,820	1,298,590	627,935	670,650
0 to 17 years	1,920	970	950	304,390	156,575	147,815
0 to 5 years	610	305	305	102,750	52,810	49,935
18 to 64 years	4,715	2,270	2,445	887,640	430,545	457,095
65 years and over	745	320	425	106,555	40,815	65,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.9	5.8	6.0	9.8	9.7	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	6.4	6.5	11.5	11.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	6.3	6.2	6.4	12.3	12.3	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.1	6.2	10.5	10.5	10.6
65 years and over (%)	4.1	3.8	4.4	5.1	4.2	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	124,840	60,995	63,845	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Official languages	119,350	58,850	60,500	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145
English	119,250	58,810	60,435	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825
French	8,725	3,625	5,100	1,521,020	677,505	843,510
Non-official languages	62,830	29,885	32,940	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	33,855	15,815	18,035
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30,630	14,505	16,125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	6,560	3,160	3,395
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	145	70	75
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	65	25	45
Plains Cree	0	0	0	105	50	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	605	255	350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	45	25	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,620	2,760	2,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	180	95	85
Malecite	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	160	75	85
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	23,980	11,285	12,690
Algonquin	0	0	0	205	95	105
Ojibway	0	0	0	16,220	7,600	8,630
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,515	3,585	3,935
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	200	105	100
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	85	25	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	80	25	55
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	45	20	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	840	320	525
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	730	285	445
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	35	70
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,940	810	1,125
Cayuga	0	0	0	120	35	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	1,625	710	915
Oneida	0	0	0	180	55	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	180	65	110
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	210	100	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	62,830	29,885	32,945	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,870	920	950	362,645	183,050	179,595
Berber languages	0	10	0	925	505	415
Kabyle	0	0	0	530	280	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	390	225	165
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	34,160	15,155	19,000
Bilen	0	0	0	355	200	160
Oromo	0	0	0	2,075	905	1,175
Somali	20	10	10	31,535	13,925	17,610
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	370	170	205
Semitic languages	1,835	900	935	330,315	168,750	161,570
Amharic	65	35	30	16,010	7,565	8,445
Arabic	1,635	790	845	246,015	127,015	119,000
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	17,825	8,775	9,050
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	6,185	3,045	3,140
Harari	25	15	15	1,310	660	645
Hebrew	95	55	40	43,255	22,165	21,090
Maltese	35	15	20	7,020	3,455	3,570
Tigrigna	0	0	0	9,385	4,320	5,065
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,985	1,010	975
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,125	535	590
Austro-Asiatic languages	655	300	360	99,830	46,210	53,620
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	10,045	4,490	5,550
Vietnamese	645	290	355	90,265	41,965	48,300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	10	50
Austronesian languages	2,920	1,165	1,760	249,435	98,295	151,150
Bikol	0	0	0	755	340	425
Cebuano	120	60	65	9,475	3,650	5,830
Fijian	0	0	0	110	40	65
Hiligaynon	30	15	15	3,110	1,205	1,910
Ilocano	70	25	45	15,235	5,940	9,295
Malagasy	10	10	0	215	115	100
Malay	150	80	70	9,780	4,500	5,280
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	15	20	1,935	855	1,080
Pangasinan	10	10	0	565	245	320
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,675	1,040	1,630	232,935	91,110	141,820
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	410	125	285
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	1,785	755	1,030
Creole languages	215	105	110	30,260	13,525	16,735
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	1,430	605	830
Creole, n.o.s.	135	80	60	19,375	8,480	10,895
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	35	45	9,685	4,525	5,155
Dravidian languages	9,215	4,520	4,695	196,315	97,975	98,335
Kannada	85	45	40	5,775	2,930	2,845
Malayalam	435	215	215	22,880	11,535	11,345
Tamil	8,460	4,155	4,305	157,700	77,975	79,730
Telugu	355	160	195	16,315	8,925	7,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	495	250	240
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	545	265	280
Indo-European languages	23,075	11,205	11,870	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525
Albanian	105	40	65	22,375	11,180	11,195
Armenian	570	275	295	18,435	8,860	9,575
Balto-Slavic languages	2,860	1,375	1,490	473,565	221,450	252,120
Baltic languages	55	20	35	10,545	4,495	6,050
Latvian	40	20	20	4,675	2,070	2,610
Lithuanian	15	0	15	5,875	2,430	3,445
Slavic languages	2,815	1,360	1,455	465,170	217,885	247,285
Belarusan	0	0	0	1,360	680	680
Bosnian	50	20	30	9,915	4,905	5,010
Bulgarian	65	40	25	10,410	5,060	5,350
Croatian	125	50	65	46,580	22,880	23,700
Czech	85	45	50	14,045	6,615	7,430
Macedonian	1,200	580	615	21,505	10,365	11,140
Polish	485	235	255	142,985	65,415	77,575
Russian	540	245	295	138,735	64,355	74,380
Serbian	240	130	110	53,250	26,725	26,525
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	5,815	2,845	2,965
Slovak	60	20	40	12,035	5,550	6,490
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	25	20	7,935	3,550	4,390
Ukrainian	110	50	65	54,615	24,125	30,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,750	935	815
Celtic languages	15	10	10	3,800	1,880	1,920
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	1,480	720	765
Welsh	10	10	0	685	300	390
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,650	870	785
Germanic languages	1,595	645	950	274,305	130,610	143,700
Afrikaans	115	45	70	7,360	3,625	3,735
Danish	30	15	20	5,440	2,455	2,980
Dutch	315	110	210	63,410	29,875	33,535
Frisian	0	0	0	1,655	820	835
German	1,095	460	640	189,035	90,730	98,305
Icelandic	0	0	0	285	130	155
Norwegian	25	15	10	2,140	975	1,165
Swedish	55	25	35	5,125	2,345	2,785
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	2,275	1,050	1,225
Yiddish	10	10	10	7,175	3,535	3,640
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,290	1,645	1,645
Greek	1,840	925	915	80,690	40,105	40,590
Indo-Iranian languages	10,220	5,090	5,130	915,765	463,175	452,585
Indo-Aryan languages	9,155	4,510	4,640	759,390	384,940	374,450
Bengali	380	175	205	59,685	30,420	29,265
Gujarati	1,905	945	960	103,890	52,380	51,510
Hindi	3,315	1,630	1,685	250,095	127,765	122,335
Kashmiri	10	0	10	600	300	300
Konkani	55	30	25	5,490	2,515	2,975
Marathi	195	100	95	10,360	5,380	4,980
Nepali	20	10	0	10,245	5,115	5,135
Oriya (Odia)	25	0	20	1,090	515	570
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,740	895	845	282,065	145,050	137,015
Sindhi	265	120	140	11,515	5,385	6,130
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	395	205	190	18,555	9,230	9,330
Urdu	3,570	1,755	1,815	231,500	117,305	114,190
Iranian languages	1,145	610	535	163,490	81,710	81,785
Kurdish	0	0	0	8,795	4,755	4,040
Pashto	90	40	50	15,315	8,145	7,170
Persian (Farsi)	1,065	575	490	145,465	72,275	73,190
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	4,665	2,495	2,175
Italic (Romance) languages	6,495	3,115	3,380	880,330	418,225	462,105
Catalan	0	0	0	515	275	240
Italian	3,655	1,820	1,835	333,645	161,190	172,455
Portuguese	730	340	390	193,520	93,885	99,635
Romanian	465	205	260	49,635	23,205	26,430
Spanish	1,835	865	970	337,615	156,040	181,580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	1,355	745	605
Japanese	300	115	190	25,675	11,535	14,140
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,555	775	780
Georgian	0	0	0	1,555	770	785
Korean	445	200	245	79,175	36,930	42,245
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	515	225	285
Mongolian	0	0	10	515	225	285
Niger-Congo languages	340	170	170	70,570	33,620	36,945
Akan (Twi)	120	65	55	15,950	7,520	8,435
Bamanankan	0	0	0	385	195	185
Edo	0	10	0	2,130	930	1,195
Ewe	0	0	0	880	435	445
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	700	320	375
Ga	0	0	0	1,340	645	695
Ganda	0	0	0	1,225	550	675
Igbo	0	0	10	4,025	2,105	1,920
Lingala	10	10	10	4,885	2,165	2,720
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	2,555	1,080	1,475
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	2,220	885	1,330
Shona	0	0	0	2,350	1,055	1,300
Swahili	120	65	60	16,750	8,110	8,640
Wolof	0	0	0	730	355	375
Yoruba	15	15	10	10,495	5,345	5,150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	11,210	5,255	5,950
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	2,025	1,020	1,010
Dinka	0	0	0	415	220	200
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,615	805	810
Sign languages	60	20	35	18,865	7,645	11,220
American Sign Language	35	10	20	10,220	3,695	6,525
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	235	60	180
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	8,690	4,005	4,680
Sino-Tibetan languages	24,880	11,760	13,115	689,145	324,575	364,565
Chinese languages	24,880	11,760	13,120	679,170	319,635	359,530
Cantonese	17,785	8,425	9,360	341,875	159,280	182,600
Hakka	530	225	300	7,865	3,445	4,420
Mandarin	10,405	4,780	5,625	385,395	179,890	205,510
Min Dong	10	0	10	810	330	480
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	425	170	255	16,980	7,650	9,330
Wu (Shanghainese)	240	120	120	8,305	3,860	4,440
Chinese, n.o.s.	245	110	135	16,455	7,710	8,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	185	95	90
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10,460	5,200	5,260
Burmese	0	0	0	2,215	1,055	1,165
Karenic languages	0	0	0	1,820	905	920
Tibetan	0	0	0	5,695	2,845	2,850
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,245	645	605
Tai-Kadai languages	60	25	30	11,120	4,945	6,180
Lao	35	10	25	6,740	3,215	3,520
Thai	25	15	0	5,195	2,065	3,135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkic languages	255	135	115	33,335	17,310	16,025
Azerbaijani	40	25	15	3,260	1,710	1,550
Turkish	185	100	85	27,850	14,510	13,340
Uyghur	0	0	0	700	350	345
Uzbek	30	15	15	1,405	700	705
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	915	450	465
Uralic languages	440	195	245	58,370	27,060	31,310
Estonian	50	20	35	4,785	2,155	2,625
Finnish	140	60	80	11,145	4,865	6,280
Hungarian	255	120	135	42,545	20,070	22,480
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	3,675	1,950	1,725
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	124,840	60,995	63,845	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	115,695	56,955	58,735	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,615	14,620	13,995	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	87,075	42,335	44,740	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	9,145	4,040	5,110	1,019,095	484,880	534,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	124,845	60,995	63,845	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	70,790	35,485	35,305	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	52,940	25,015	27,920	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Before 1981	11,890	5,810	6,080	1,077,745	507,500	570,240
1981 to 1990	8,240	4,015	4,225	513,995	246,235	267,755
1991 to 2000	16,060	7,765	8,300	834,510	390,315	444,195
2001 to 2010	12,615	5,645	6,975	953,730	446,895	506,835
2001 to 2005	7,390	3,415	3,975	490,560	230,950	259,610
2006 to 2010	5,225	2,225	3,000	463,170	215,945	247,225
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	4,135	1,785	2,345	472,170	223,715	248,450
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	1,110	495	620	201,200	102,305	98,895
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	52,940	25,020	27,925	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485
Under 5 years	4,475	2,275	2,200	369,955	184,255	185,705
5 to 14 years	9,720	4,930	4,795	685,085	345,865	339,225
15 to 24 years	12,130	5,470	6,665	855,475	381,025	474,450
25 to 44 years	21,255	9,975	11,275	1,579,500	741,340	838,160
45 years and over	5,355	2,365	2,990	362,130	162,180	199,945
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	52,940	25,020	27,925	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480
Americas	5,305	2,435	2,875	598,950	265,930	333,025
Brazil	130	50	75	14,705	6,700	8,010
Colombia	145	65	80	28,815	13,085	15,730
El Salvador	45	25	25	20,920	10,165	10,750
Guyana	1,120	520	600	79,745	35,325	44,420
Haiti	40	20	20	10,195	4,410	5,785
Jamaica	1,415	630	785	119,840	51,320	68,525
Mexico	135	65	70	30,075	13,895	16,185
Peru	130	60	70	10,550	4,660	5,895
Trinidad and Tobago	615	295	320	52,810	23,515	29,300
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	815	380	435	109,005	47,170	61,830
Other places of birth in Americas	720	325	395	122,280	55,685	66,600
Europe	8,700	4,260	4,435	1,144,295	546,250	598,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	35	15	21,300	10,655	10,645
Croatia	60	30	30	27,330	13,495	13,835
France	65	25	40	13,385	6,310	7,070
Germany	425	165	255	63,460	29,685	33,775
Greece	770	420	350	36,575	18,225	18,350
Hungary	120	55	65	22,085	10,495	11,590
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	145	60	80	15,275	7,415	7,860
Italy	1,730	895	840	157,815	78,510	79,305
Netherlands	205	95	105	47,400	23,910	23,490
Poland	325	140	185	96,000	43,155	52,845
Portugal	275	145	130	103,025	50,240	52,785
Romania	415	185	230	42,720	19,720	23,000
Russian Federation	200	75	135	42,980	18,540	24,440
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	80	45	45	23,695	11,610	12,085
Ukraine	125	55	70	39,945	18,150	21,795
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,575	1,310	1,265	264,125	125,730	138,390
Other places of birth in Europe	1,130	535	595	127,190	60,395	66,790
Africa	2,195	1,075	1,125	226,770	109,585	117,185
Algeria	10	10	10	2,925	1,480	1,450
Egypt	500	255	245	34,510	18,000	16,510
Ethiopia	65	35	35	15,570	7,230	8,340
Kenya	250	135	115	14,940	6,910	8,025
Morocco	15	10	0	5,485	2,690	2,795
Nigeria	70	25	45	20,630	10,285	10,345
Somalia	30	15	15	16,970	6,845	10,125
South Africa, Republic of	255	110	140	19,390	9,545	9,840
Other places of birth in Africa	990	475	515	96,355	46,610	49,745
Asia	36,640	17,205	19,440	1,869,805	886,570	983,240
Afghanistan	320	170	155	33,145	16,490	16,655
Bangladesh	230	115	110	39,410	19,970	19,440
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	9,150	4,190	4,960	317,225	143,705	173,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	6,915	3,310	3,605	108,030	50,945	57,090
India	4,700	2,260	2,440	360,540	179,950	180,590
IranCensus data footnote 61	500	280	220	86,810	43,445	43,360
Iraq	175	85	90	50,390	25,280	25,115
Japan	95	25	70	8,145	2,550	5,585
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	345	160	185	57,085	26,660	30,425
Lebanon	245	120	120	34,545	18,145	16,405
Pakistan	1,915	930	985	142,265	71,925	70,345
Philippines	2,800	1,170	1,630	231,760	93,730	138,030
Sri Lanka	5,660	2,750	2,910	109,855	53,640	56,215
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	55	25	30	22,680	11,405	11,270
Taiwan	515	210	300	17,840	7,775	10,065
Viet Nam	1,130	485	645	80,525	36,545	43,985
Other places of birth in Asia	1,900	920	980	169,555	84,400	85,160
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	95	50	50	12,330	6,330	5,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	4,135	1,790	2,345	472,170	223,720	248,450
Americas	320	155	160	60,700	29,005	31,700
Brazil	0	0	0	3,180	1,505	1,675
Colombia	15	10	0	4,520	2,005	2,520
Cuba	25	20	10	1,950	910	1,045
Haiti	0	0	0	2,575	1,140	1,435
Jamaica	40	10	30	8,935	4,840	4,090
Mexico	25	15	10	5,670	2,745	2,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	110	55	55	14,635	7,225	7,405
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	20	10	10	2,460	1,120	1,340
Other places of birth in Americas	80	35	45	16,775	7,510	9,265
Europe	140	70	75	45,295	22,250	23,045
France	0	0	0	2,010	1,025	985
Germany	0	0	0	1,695	885	805
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15	10	0	1,900	1,185	715
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	0	0	0	880	400	480
Romania	20	10	15	2,425	995	1,430
Russian Federation	15	0	15	4,905	1,790	3,115
Ukraine	0	0	0	4,455	2,005	2,445
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	60	40	20	7,780	4,515	3,265
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	20	19,245	9,450	9,795
Africa	125	65	65	39,380	19,045	20,330
Algeria	0	0	0	415	180	240
Cameroon	0	0	0	1,390	640	750
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	1,835	845	990
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	10	605	245	360
Egypt	50	25	25	8,220	4,290	3,935
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,055	1,010	1,045
Ethiopia	0	0	0	2,505	1,115	1,385
Morocco	0	0	0	655	275	375
Nigeria	15	10	0	5,910	2,895	3,015
Somalia	0	0	0	2,065	965	1,100
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	1,410	715	695
Tunisia	0	0	0	310	155	150
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	15	12,010	5,715	6,295
Asia	3,540	1,485	2,050	324,820	152,205	172,615
Afghanistan	40	20	20	5,785	2,845	2,945
Bangladesh	10	10	0	8,180	4,055	4,125
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	1,760	715	1,040	58,840	26,025	32,815
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	200	80	130	1,985	800	1,190
India	450	205	245	69,325	35,060	34,265
IranCensus data footnote 61	30	20	10	21,225	10,300	10,930
Iraq	30	15	15	14,645	7,315	7,330
Israel	0	0	0	2,050	1,085	970
Japan	15	10	10	1,385	370	1,015
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	70	25	45	6,320	2,855	3,470
Lebanon	15	15	10	3,230	1,685	1,545
Nepal	0	0	0	3,395	1,725	1,665
Pakistan	195	80	115	25,435	12,425	13,015
Philippines	265	100	165	53,190	21,740	31,450
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	3,140	1,615	1,530
Sri Lanka	250	125	125	8,185	3,580	4,605
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10	0	10	12,710	6,590	6,120
Taiwan	25	10	15	1,015	435	580
Turkey	0	0	0	2,590	1,440	1,145
United Arab Emirates	65	25	45	4,290	2,230	2,055
Viet Nam	15	10	15	3,885	1,520	2,365
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	35	13,995	6,505	7,485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	10	10	0	1,980	1,215	765
Australia	10	0	0	1,535	965	565
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	10	0	0	445	250	200
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	124,840	60,995	63,850	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	54,570	25,755	28,815	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	38,370	19,400	18,970	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	31,895	15,840	16,060	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	41,875	19,625	22,255	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	21,680	10,875	10,800	1,364,380	677,695	686,685
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	8,070	5,330	2,740	540,795	338,460	202,335
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	13,610	5,545	8,065	823,580	339,240	484,350
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	13,855	5,335	8,520	940,405	382,890	557,520
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	5,600	3,060	2,540	482,665	253,750	228,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	740	350	395	38,035	17,400	20,640
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	124,840	60,995	63,850	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	680	330	345	374,395	179,970	194,420
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	655	320	335	361,125	173,685	187,445
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	400	190	210	236,680	112,840	123,845
Métis	230	115	120	120,585	59,015	61,570
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	10	3,860	1,835	2,030
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	20	10	10	5,730	2,680	3,045
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	0	0	0	7,540	3,615	3,930
Non-Aboriginal identity	124,165	60,660	63,505	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	124,840	60,995	63,850	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	180	95	80	170,895	81,560	89,335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	124,665	60,900	63,765	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	124,845	60,995	63,845	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	105	45	55	112,875	54,840	58,035
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	95	40	55	111,575	54,180	57,395
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	75	30	45	97,430	47,130	50,305
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	12,925	6,490	6,435
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	1,220	565	655
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	10	10	0	1,295	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	1,055	545	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	145	70	75
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	970	460	500	405,425	192,320	213,100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	955	465	495	395,205	187,695	207,510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	710	340	375	276,920	130,810	146,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	245	120	125	113,785	54,830	58,955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	4,500	2,050	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	10	10	0	10,215	4,620	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	9,305	4,205	5,100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	595	290	305
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	300	125	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	123,770	60,485	63,290	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	124,840	60,995	63,845	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	68,585	33,155	35,430	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	22,480	11,240	11,240	1,150,415	582,010	568,400
Chinese	28,055	13,485	14,570	754,550	359,230	395,315
Black	4,155	1,910	2,240	627,715	296,270	331,445
Filipino	4,305	1,930	2,380	311,675	132,440	179,230
Latin American	870	385	490	195,950	93,645	102,310
Arab	1,360	685	675	210,435	109,585	100,850
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	1,030	445	585	133,855	63,255	70,605
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	1,085	600	480	154,670	77,385	77,280
Korean	590	275	315	88,935	42,445	46,495
Japanese	460	200	260	30,830	13,595	17,235
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	1,360	665	690	97,970	46,105	51,860
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	2,835	1,330	1,510	128,585	62,105	66,485
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	56,255	27,835	28,415	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	124,840	60,995	63,850	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920
North American Aboriginal origins	1,065	510	560	518,300	247,160	271,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	810	380	425	385,505	183,075	202,430
Inuit	0	10	0	6,870	3,150	3,720
Métis	275	135	140	137,485	66,245	71,235
Other North American origins	17,270	8,630	8,640	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340
Acadian	30	15	15	16,580	8,135	8,450
American	840	450	395	140,165	67,480	72,690
Canadian	16,660	8,305	8,360	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	320	190	125
Newfoundlander	50	40	15	10,850	5,520	5,325
Nova Scotian	20	0	15	1,485	685	800
Ontarian	20	10	10	2,165	1,085	1,075
Québécois	20	10	10	5,390	2,730	2,665
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	0	0	0	675	375	300
European origins	54,440	26,745	27,700	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570
British Isles origins	31,405	15,415	15,990	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835
Channel Islander	30	10	15	1,120	530	590
Cornish	0	0	0	755	370	385
English	18,590	9,155	9,440	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160
Irish	12,580	6,075	6,500	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835
Manx	35	20	15	2,450	1,320	1,130
Scottish	13,485	6,545	6,940	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030
Welsh	1,300	635	660	198,475	94,555	103,920
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	2,560	1,200	1,360	323,185	152,525	170,660
French origins	4,925	2,365	2,555	1,350,520	643,360	707,160
Alsatian	10	10	10	1,235	495	740
Breton	0	0	0	290	175	120
Corsican	0	0	0	205	125	85
French	4,915	2,365	2,560	1,349,255	642,790	706,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,810	4,245	4,565	1,766,975	864,010	902,970
Austrian	630	285	350	72,475	35,415	37,065
Bavarian	0	0	0	450	225	230
Belgian	175	70	100	57,890	28,460	29,430
Dutch	2,240	1,110	1,130	527,750	259,585	268,165
Flemish	0	0	0	4,005	2,005	1,995
Frisian	15	0	0	2,705	1,400	1,305
German	6,105	2,935	3,165	1,189,670	579,315	610,355
Luxembourger	10	0	10	915	500	415
Swiss	440	180	265	59,835	29,395	30,440
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	0	0	0	1,095	560	530
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,440	675	760	266,085	127,885	138,195
Danish	340	165	175	53,555	26,355	27,195
Finnish	465	200	265	76,755	36,955	39,800
Icelandic	70	40	30	13,215	6,325	6,895
Norwegian	300	150	155	59,335	28,350	30,980
Swedish	280	115	165	71,035	32,705	38,325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	60	35	25	12,540	6,400	6,140
Eastern European origins	6,910	3,395	3,515	1,339,610	644,610	695,000
Bulgarian	100	60	45	16,750	8,230	8,525
Byelorussian	45	25	20	11,690	5,645	6,045
Czech	315	155	160	42,340	20,815	21,530
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	75	30	55	14,810	6,820	7,990
Estonian	145	70	80	15,075	7,255	7,825
Hungarian	820	430	390	163,500	79,850	83,655
Latvian	145	55	95	18,095	8,615	9,480
Lithuanian	155	60	95	35,100	16,965	18,135
Moldovan	15	0	10	3,905	1,910	1,995
Polish	2,290	1,170	1,120	523,490	251,575	271,910
Romanian	770	390	385	98,235	46,825	51,410
Russian	1,080	465	610	220,850	103,650	117,200
Slovak	225	110	115	40,535	19,645	20,885
Ukrainian	1,915	970	945	376,440	181,725	194,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	70	25	45	10,330	4,940	5,390
Southern European origins	19,385	9,735	9,655	1,772,160	880,335	891,830
Albanian	130	45	85	25,980	13,085	12,895
Bosnian	65	45	20	14,680	7,255	7,425
Catalan	0	0	0	285	180	110
Croatian	280	140	135	82,220	41,350	40,875
Cypriot	100	30	70	4,400	2,170	2,230
Greek	3,885	1,960	1,930	148,555	74,830	73,720
Italian	10,275	5,175	5,095	931,805	467,100	464,705
Kosovar	0	0	0	1,305	655	650
Macedonian	1,850	960	890	39,440	19,820	19,625
Maltese	165	75	90	35,255	17,525	17,730
Montenegrin	35	25	10	2,545	1,295	1,250
Portuguese	2,295	1,140	1,155	324,930	160,970	163,960
Serbian	325	190	135	66,835	34,035	32,800
Sicilian	100	50	55	4,190	2,090	2,100
Slovenian	195	130	70	26,485	13,215	13,275
Spanish	1,805	790	1,015	171,145	78,880	92,265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	245	120	130	20,245	9,785	10,460
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	0	0	0	965	425	540
Other European origins	495	295	205	105,865	53,050	52,820
Basque	10	15	0	1,585	805	780
Jewish	295	190	115	77,280	38,860	38,425
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	2,295	1,050	1,245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	15	10	10	2,065	1,110	955
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	160	90	75	23,290	11,540	11,750
Caribbean origins	5,045	2,290	2,755	462,600	213,660	248,940
Antiguan	10	0	10	3,275	1,480	1,800
Bahamian	50	30	20	2,305	1,190	1,115
Barbadian	400	210	190	26,625	12,375	14,250
Bermudan	15	0	10	2,010	925	1,085
Carib	0	0	0	2,295	855	1,440
Cuban	95	40	50	14,490	6,625	7,865
Dominican	135	60	75	9,180	4,420	4,760
Grenadian	70	20	55	14,690	6,420	8,275
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	70	20	50
Haitian	135	50	85	17,715	8,085	9,630
Jamaican	2,630	1,230	1,395	257,060	119,100	137,955
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	15	15	2,260	1,090	1,175
Martinican	0	0	0	195	65	125
Montserratan	10	0	10	620	300	325
Puerto Rican	20	15	10	1,495	755	740
St. Lucian	30	15	20	7,170	3,195	3,985
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	775	320	455	59,560	27,850	31,710
Vincentian/Grenadinian	105	50	60	12,155	5,250	6,905
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	810	355	450	56,865	25,380	31,480
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	220	80	135	16,970	7,770	9,195
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,740	1,335	1,405	322,210	153,045	169,165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	25	20	10,795	5,040	5,750
Arawak	0	0	0	1,055	470	585
Argentinian	100	30	70	11,460	5,620	5,840
Belizean	25	10	10	810	395	415
Bolivian	15	10	0	1,885	935	955
Brazilian	135	50	85	18,395	8,760	9,635
Chilean	60	20	40	14,625	7,015	7,610
Colombian	260	125	140	40,820	19,345	21,480
Costa Rican	30	10	20	2,790	1,380	1,410
Ecuadorian	100	40	60	20,385	9,650	10,735
Guatemalan	25	15	10	10,040	4,870	5,170
Guyanese	1,260	635	630	73,360	34,050	39,315
Hispanic	15	15	0	5,805	2,790	3,015
Honduran	10	10	0	3,360	1,590	1,765
Maya	0	0	0	2,500	1,285	1,215
Mexican	245	125	120	43,120	20,735	22,380
Nicaraguan	25	10	10	7,100	3,440	3,665
Panamanian	25	10	20	2,475	1,125	1,355
Paraguayan	0	0	0	600	280	320
Peruvian	185	90	95	14,780	6,985	7,800
Salvadorean	75	30	45	27,595	13,530	14,070
Uruguayan	15	10	15	4,200	2,150	2,050
Venezuelan	155	85	70	11,750	5,320	6,430
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	75	35	35	14,095	6,745	7,350
African origins	3,165	1,535	1,635	414,095	203,260	210,835
Central and West African origins	340	180	160	85,735	42,745	42,990
Akan	0	0	0	965	540	425
Angolan	0	0	0	1,635	815	820
Ashanti	0	0	0	1,205	620	585
Beninese	0	0	0	555	280	270
Burkinabe	0	0	0	415	190	225
Cameroonian	35	20	20	4,700	2,330	2,370
Chadian	0	0	0	645	320	325
Congolese	10	0	10	10,425	4,960	5,460
Edo	0	0	0	1,025	545	480
Ewe	0	0	0	180	95	80
Gabonese	0	0	0	170	80	90
Gambian	0	0	0	630	305	330
Ghanaian	210	110	100	24,850	12,060	12,790
Guinean	0	0	0	1,105	550	560
Ibo	0	0	0	1,940	1,035	905
Ivorian	25	10	15	1,350	600	745
Liberian	10	0	0	770	365	405
Malian	0	0	0	490	250	240
Malinké	20	10	10	345	160	185
Nigerian	15	10	0	26,560	13,620	12,940
Peulh	0	0	0	135	80	55
Senegalese	0	0	0	1,000	500	495
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	1,175	585	585
Togolese	0	0	0	670	370	300
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	35
Yoruba	20	10	10	4,055	2,155	1,900
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15	15	0	4,745	2,340	2,410
North African origins	1,160	585	580	86,665	44,970	41,695
Algerian	20	10	10	4,065	2,035	2,030
Berber	10	10	0	1,845	985	860
Coptic	90	55	40	2,305	1,185	1,120
Dinka	0	0	0	205	110	95
Egyptian	950	485	465	52,845	27,465	25,375
Libyan	0	0	0	3,785	2,015	1,760
Maure	0	0	0	290	160	125
Moroccan	85	35	45	12,305	6,310	6,000
Sudanese	105	45	55	8,975	4,600	4,375
Tunisian	0	0	0	2,295	1,210	1,085
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	0	0	0	1,755	920	830
Southern and East African origins	750	395	365	128,910	61,680	67,230
Afrikaner	30	10	20	560	285	275
Amhara	0	0	0	720	360	360
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	0	0	0	870	455	415
Burundian	30	15	20	3,105	1,465	1,640
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,035	460	575
Eritrean	0	0	0	11,870	5,740	6,125
Ethiopian	125	80	50	22,560	10,755	11,800
Harari	35	20	15	475	255	215
Kenyan	15	10	15	5,860	2,780	3,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	430	200	230
Mauritian	85	45	35	3,600	1,830	1,770
Oromo	0	0	0	1,290	610	685
Rwandan	0	0	0	3,215	1,380	1,830
Seychellois	0	0	0	350	140	205
Somali	55	25	30	40,995	19,200	21,795
South African	255	135	120	19,760	9,790	9,970
Tanzanian	10	10	0	2,610	1,300	1,315
Tigrian	0	0	0	770	395	375
Ugandan	20	15	10	2,950	1,445	1,505
Zambian	0	0	0	805	410	395
Zimbabwean	20	0	15	3,425	1,595	1,830
Zulu	0	0	0	440	225	215
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	125	70	55	8,475	3,900	4,570
Other African origins	920	385	535	119,670	57,245	62,420
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	130	45	80	17,380	7,720	9,660
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	795	340	455	103,560	50,150	53,410
Asian origins	62,700	30,330	32,370	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,730	1,880	1,855	523,340	265,615	257,730
Afghan	590	315	270	54,535	27,255	27,280
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	220	105	110	44,705	23,345	21,360
Armenian	800	430	370	29,675	14,570	15,105
Assyrian	0	0	0	12,075	6,140	5,935
Azerbaijani	25	20	0	4,105	1,995	2,110
Georgian	0	0	10	2,815	1,415	1,395
Hazara	0	0	0	680	390	290
Iranian	830	450	375	117,065	58,995	58,065
Iraqi	235	115	125	50,460	25,420	25,035
Israeli	95	45	50	17,080	8,890	8,185
Jordanian	35	20	15	9,660	5,110	4,545
Kazakh	10	10	0	1,325	610	715
Kurd	10	10	0	9,210	4,880	4,330
Kuwaiti	30	0	20	1,510	795	715
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	340	130	210
Lebanese	500	185	310	86,245	43,700	42,545
Palestinian	230	115	115	28,480	15,215	13,270
Pashtun	0	0	0	3,010	1,635	1,375
Saudi Arabian	20	0	15	3,660	1,975	1,685
Syrian	110	30	80	31,440	15,570	15,870
Tajik	45	20	25	1,850	880	970
Tatar	25	15	10	2,135	930	1,205
Turk	180	100	80	34,165	17,340	16,825
Turkmen	0	0	0	695	345	355
Uighur	0	0	0	755	385	375
Uzbek	40	25	15	2,400	1,155	1,240
Yemeni	0	0	0	4,225	2,065	2,155
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	70	30	35	16,270	8,395	7,875
South Asian origins	22,915	11,360	11,555	1,182,845	595,480	587,370
Bangladeshi	175	85	90	29,195	14,965	14,230
Bengali	40	15	25	15,235	7,795	7,445
Bhutanese	0	0	0	1,450	710	735
East Indian	12,090	5,965	6,125	774,500	390,015	384,480
Goan	65	35	30	4,775	2,245	2,525
Gujarati	110	55	60	5,915	3,055	2,860
Kashmiri	25	15	10	1,795	900	895
Nepali	0	0	0	8,150	4,070	4,080
Pakistani	2,170	1,080	1,090	149,060	75,860	73,200
Punjabi	245	125	120	55,455	28,580	26,875
Sinhalese	115	65	50	5,195	2,545	2,645
Sri Lankan	6,470	3,220	3,250	124,270	60,685	63,585
Tamil	2,340	1,185	1,155	42,760	21,705	21,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,270	620	650	58,705	29,705	29,005
East and Southeast Asian origins	36,800	17,445	19,360	1,422,890	659,650	763,245
Burmese	40	10	35	4,420	2,105	2,315
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	10	30	14,655	6,810	7,845
Chinese	30,590	14,610	15,980	849,345	403,280	446,065
Filipino	5,100	2,295	2,800	337,760	144,830	192,930
Hmong	0	0	0	650	340	305
Indonesian	180	100	75	9,325	4,305	5,025
Japanese	710	300	410	41,620	18,530	23,090
Karen	0	0	0	1,645	830	815
Korean	715	330	385	93,420	44,585	48,835
Laotian	30	10	20	9,875	4,865	5,015
Malaysian	145	60	90	7,310	3,370	3,935
Mongolian	30	10	15	2,940	1,390	1,545
Singaporean	65	20	45	1,260	565	700
Taiwanese	240	120	125	10,060	4,595	5,465
Thai	25	20	0	6,865	2,725	4,135
Tibetan	0	0	0	6,365	3,175	3,185
Vietnamese	1,110	530	570	107,640	51,350	56,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	90	55	40	4,375	2,165	2,210
Other Asian origins	120	60	60	13,430	6,575	6,855
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	120	60	60	13,430	6,575	6,855
Oceania origins	200	120	85	20,680	10,435	10,240
Australian	125	75	50	13,315	6,780	6,530
New Zealander	40	20	20	4,250	2,255	2,000
Pacific Islands origins	40	25	20	3,490	1,625	1,860
Fijian	10	10	0	1,610	665	945
Hawaiian	25	20	15	470	235	240
Maori	0	0	0	485	255	230
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	0	0	275	115	165
Samoan	0	0	0	225	140	85
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	0	0	0	555	265	290
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	40,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Owner	36,025	...	...	3,601,825	...	...
Renter	4,285	...	...	1,559,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	7,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	40,305	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
Condominium	3,450	...	...	680,495	...	...
Not condominium	36,855	...	...	4,488,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	40,305	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	33,950	...	...
1 bedroom	1,510	...	...	699,980	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,205	...	...	1,122,145	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,105	...	...	1,876,905	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20,460	...	...	1,436,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	40,305	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,845	...	...	1,369,660	...	...
5 rooms	5,370	...	...	718,020	...	...
6 rooms	6,490	...	...	770,730	...	...
7 rooms	6,860	...	...	713,595	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,745	...	...	1,597,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	40,305	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,545	...	...	5,046,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	760	...	...	122,360	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	40,305	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Suitable	38,835	...	...	4,858,170	...	...
Not suitable	1,470	...	...	311,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	40,305	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
1960 or before	2,850	...	...	1,293,135	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,680	...	...	1,449,585	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,155	...	...	709,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,755	...	...	622,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,130	...	...	396,130	...	...
2006 to 2010	10,005	...	...	368,235	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	5,725	...	...	330,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	40,310	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,305	...	...	4,851,335	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,005	...	...	317,840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	40,305	...	...	5,169,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	18,675	...	...	2,962,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,135	...	...	2,059,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,495	...	...	147,400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	40,305	...	...	5,169,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	165	...	...	135,835	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,895	...	...	681,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,105	...	...	880,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,935	...	...	1,113,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,030	...	...	1,047,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,515	...	...	738,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,705	...	...	414,210	...	...
85 years and over	965	...	...	157,860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	40,170	...	...	5,106,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,095	...	...	3,694,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,075	...	...	1,411,900	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,640	...	...	1,208,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,955	...	...	3,557,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	66.5	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	25.3	...	...	19.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,816	...	...	1,299	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,830	...	...	1,463	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	779,876	...	...	400,496	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	816,122	...	...	506,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,270	...	...	1,554,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.2	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	47.1	...	...	45.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,375	...	...	1,045	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,421	...	...	1,109	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	99,930	48,235	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,720	6,845	7,880	1,935,355	961,690	973,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	26,400	12,620	13,780	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,810	28,775	30,040	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,120	2,925	1,200	664,180	471,055	193,120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	2,100	1,320	785	324,370	199,510	124,855
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	2,020	1,605	415	339,810	271,545	68,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,590	8,455	10,135	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,690	1,310	1,385	242,005	107,065	134,945
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	33,410	16,085	17,320	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250
Bachelor's degree	24,150	11,395	12,760	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,050	905	1,145	189,370	83,670	105,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	695	345	355	79,760	42,295	37,460
Master's degree	5,975	3,100	2,870	593,645	294,180	299,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	540	350	195	97,790	61,560	36,230
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	67,450	32,245	35,205	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,075	2,495	2,585	752,995	404,770	348,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	14,990	7,195	7,790	1,768,955	895,020	873,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,380	22,555	24,825	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,720	1,915	805	446,390	315,975	130,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,425	895	530	218,980	134,685	84,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,295	1,020	275	227,410	181,290	46,120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,710	6,725	7,985	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,065	980	1,085	170,925	75,935	94,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,885	12,935	14,955	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895
Bachelor's degree	20,010	9,130	10,880	1,519,850	668,450	851,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,770	755	1,020	148,960	62,370	86,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	240	335	63,790	30,895	32,895
Master's degree	5,105	2,555	2,550	500,415	239,160	261,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	430	255	175	74,310	43,545	30,765
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	99,935	48,230	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	41,125	19,460	21,660	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445
Education	3,750	760	2,985	349,745	79,245	270,505
13. Education	3,750	760	2,985	349,750	79,245	270,505
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,145	995	1,150	246,075	109,955	136,120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	350	240	105	38,745	28,735	10,010
50. Visual and performing arts	1,795	755	1,040	207,325	81,220	126,110
Humanities	3,360	1,115	2,250	359,560	133,350	226,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	325	45	285	37,900	8,170	29,730
23. English language and literature/letters	880	160	720	98,440	28,290	70,145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,105	335	770	95,345	32,940	62,410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	20	10	10	2,165	805	1,365
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	95	70	24,255	13,425	10,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	250	170	80	28,175	17,120	11,055
54. History	515	285	235	57,295	30,015	27,280
55. French language and literature/letters	95	15	75	15,990	2,590	13,400
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,690	2,665	5,025	810,410	269,735	540,670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	0	75	10,765	2,210	8,560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	685	260	420	81,500	31,825	49,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,125	100	1,020	141,750	11,775	129,975
22. Legal professions and studies	1,025	325	695	128,860	45,275	83,590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	150	20	135	16,210	3,400	12,815
42. Psychology	1,150	300	850	122,545	29,640	92,905
45. Social sciences	3,485	1,660	1,825	308,775	145,620	163,155
Business, management and public administration	15,370	6,925	8,445	1,279,665	527,085	752,580
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	15	15	2,725	895	1,830
44. Public administration and social service professions	665	100	560	108,935	21,405	87,530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,680	6,810	7,870	1,168,005	504,780	663,225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,955	1,455	1,500	253,905	124,050	129,850
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,130	475	655	110,950	45,120	65,835
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	935	400	535	54,745	24,800	29,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	50	10	40	3,830	1,190	2,640
40. Physical sciences	765	540	225	72,355	48,145	24,205
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	35	45	12,025	4,795	7,235
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,215	2,725	1,485	290,045	185,310	104,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,255	2,205	1,045	220,550	150,765	69,790
25. Library science	115	20	90	15,220	2,450	12,770
27. Mathematics and statistics	775	450	325	49,025	28,515	20,515
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	70	45	25	5,235	3,580	1,655
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,315	9,105	1,205	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985
04. Architecture and related services	445	310	135	51,845	34,590	17,265
14. Engineering	4,470	3,680	785	334,085	271,010	63,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,010	1,825	185	237,775	214,500	23,275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	160	30	125
46. Construction trades	1,320	1,295	25	198,790	194,555	4,235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,415	1,375	35	225,860	220,545	5,315
48. Precision production	655	620	35	124,515	119,820	4,695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	440	215	106,895	67,015	39,880
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	390	275	115	66,035	41,790	24,240
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	160	105	40,860	25,230	15,635
Health and related fields	6,260	1,555	4,710	865,970	173,780	692,185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	845	450	395	75,715	37,005	38,705
51. Health professions and related programs	5,320	1,060	4,260	767,680	124,280	643,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	45	60	22,575	12,490	10,075
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,095	1,035	1,065	340,285	170,915	169,375
12. Personal and culinary services	1,285	385	900	183,925	49,390	134,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	2,135	1,815	320
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	2,610	2,385	225
43. Security and protective services	560	420	140	98,325	68,625	29,695
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	210	25	53,290	48,695	4,595
Other	10	0	0	1,405	260	1,145
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	1,405	255	1,145
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	67,450	32,245	35,205	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	20,065	9,690	10,380	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160
Education	2,800	555	2,250	243,635	52,670	190,965
13. Education	2,800	555	2,250	243,635	52,670	190,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,670	760	905	192,630	85,175	107,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	275	185	90	28,705	21,070	7,635
50. Visual and performing arts	1,390	580	815	163,925	64,105	99,815
Humanities	2,525	765	1,760	266,665	95,805	170,855
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	280	25	260	29,210	5,775	23,435
23. English language and literature/letters	660	105	555	73,110	20,225	52,885
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	840	220	620	72,145	24,330	47,815
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	20	10	10	1,665	615	1,045
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	75	50	17,755	9,925	7,830
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	130	50	19,390	11,790	7,605
54. History	345	190	150	42,315	21,735	20,585
55. French language and literature/letters	75	10	60	11,075	1,415	9,655
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,260	2,005	4,255	648,285	207,200	441,085
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	0	70	8,630	1,785	6,845
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	570	205	370	67,115	26,015	41,105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	915	75	840	111,550	8,405	103,145
22. Legal professions and studies	845	220	630	108,895	34,250	74,650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	120	10	110	12,875	2,705	10,170
42. Psychology	880	210	670	93,770	21,045	72,725
45. Social sciences	2,860	1,285	1,570	245,445	113,000	132,445
Business, management and public administration	12,920	5,595	7,325	1,026,975	414,425	612,550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	15	15	2,225	715	1,510
44. Public administration and social service professions	585	85	505	88,130	16,590	71,540
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,305	5,495	6,810	936,620	397,120	539,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,285	1,065	1,215	190,235	88,535	101,700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	860	330	530	84,580	33,150	51,425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	730	295	430	41,255	18,020	23,240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	45	10	35	3,135	975	2,165
40. Physical sciences	580	405	175	52,490	33,175	19,310
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	25	40	8,775	3,215	5,555
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,920	2,540	1,380	252,275	162,360	89,915
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,125	2,115	1,005	198,775	136,120	62,655
25. Library science	90	20	70	10,755	1,765	8,995
27. Mathematics and statistics	650	370	285	38,160	21,440	16,720
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	60	40	25	4,580	3,030	1,550
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,995	6,955	1,035	878,300	779,075	99,225
04. Architecture and related services	345	245	110	42,115	27,365	14,745
14. Engineering	3,690	2,980	710	266,040	211,240	54,800
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,550	1,395	150	178,830	160,160	18,675
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	140	25	115
46. Construction trades	900	885	10	141,515	138,160	3,360
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,065	1,040	25	162,855	158,770	4,080
48. Precision production	445	415	30	86,805	83,355	3,450
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	325	185	82,775	49,710	33,065
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	280	190	90	50,160	30,065	20,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	135	95	32,615	19,650	12,965
Health and related fields	4,905	1,215	3,695	664,880	133,665	531,220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	660	335	325	58,160	27,950	30,205
51. Health professions and related programs	4,155	845	3,310	589,085	96,720	492,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	35	60	17,640	8,990	8,645
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,585	770	820	259,400	129,985	129,415
12. Personal and culinary services	980	285	695	137,250	36,225	101,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	1,685	1,405	280
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	1,415	1,270	145
43. Security and protective services	435	330	110	77,190	52,840	24,345
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	150	15	41,855	38,245	3,610
Other	0	0	10	1,125	220	900
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	1,125	225	900
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	99,930	48,230	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,120	19,465	21,660	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	58,815	28,770	30,040	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240
Location of study inside Canada	43,395	21,125	22,270	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690
Same as province or territory of residence	40,590	19,765	20,830	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960
Different than province or territory of residence	2,810	1,365	1,445	372,470	179,735	192,730
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	15,415	7,645	7,770	1,290,035	634,485	655,545
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	1,670	920	750	167,260	89,350	77,910
Philippines	1,355	490	865	115,410	39,750	75,655
India	2,405	1,170	1,240	169,340	85,500	83,840
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	1,405	855	545	115,690	66,215	49,470
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	2,130	1,010	1,120	98,415	46,230	52,185
France	45	30	15	10,775	5,800	4,975
Other	6,400	3,175	3,225	613,145	301,635	311,510
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	67,450	32,245	35,205	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,065	9,685	10,380	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	47,380	22,555	24,825	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335
Location of study inside Canada	35,065	16,775	18,285	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540
Same as province or territory of residence	33,025	15,805	17,220	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850
Different than province or territory of residence	2,040	970	1,070	281,130	135,440	145,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	12,320	5,780	6,535	994,025	470,225	523,800
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	1,390	710	675	127,005	65,045	61,960
Philippines	1,140	390	755	97,230	32,925	64,300
India	2,130	990	1,140	143,205	70,040	73,175
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	820	470	345	62,325	34,315	28,010
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	1,870	860	1,010	82,020	37,900	44,125
France	35	25	0	8,705	4,630	4,070
Other	4,930	2,325	2,600	473,530	225,365	248,160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	99,930	48,235	51,700	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680
In the labour force	67,400	35,115	32,275	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Employed	63,395	33,090	30,300	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895
Unemployed	4,005	2,030	1,975	529,525	275,370	254,160
Not in the labour force	32,535	13,115	19,420	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630
Participation rate	67.4	72.8	62.4	64.7	69.1	60.6
Employment rate	63.4	68.6	58.6	59.9	63.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.8	6.1	7.4	7.5	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	99,935	48,230	51,695	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	30,625	12,365	18,255	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755
Worked	69,305	35,865	33,440	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	37,985	21,520	16,460	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	31,325	14,345	16,975	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.2	42.4	42.9	43.4	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	67,395	35,115	32,280	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,390	645	745	171,050	81,735	89,315
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	66,010	34,470	31,535	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
Employee	57,410	28,840	28,565	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	8,600	5,635	2,965	824,595	523,145	301,445
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	67,400	35,120	32,275	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,385	640	740	171,045	81,735	89,315
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	66,010	34,475	31,535	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
0 Management occupations	9,530	6,070	3,460	790,880	483,240	307,635
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,665	4,145	8,525	1,124,770	357,215	767,555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,815	5,305	1,510	516,110	399,195	116,915
3 Health occupations	3,590	825	2,770	447,045	90,495	356,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,470	2,215	5,255	831,340	265,075	566,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,150	1,005	1,135	225,720	104,445	121,275
6 Sales and service occupations	14,535	6,990	7,540	1,632,085	709,375	922,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,135	5,730	400	927,820	866,870	60,950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	910	755	155	113,405	88,150	25,260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,205	1,415	790	361,455	243,835	117,620
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	67,395	35,120	32,275	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,390	645	745	171,050	81,730	89,315
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	66,010	34,475	31,535	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	195	95	102,070	67,005	35,070
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	55	35	32,340	27,920	4,415
22 Utilities	520	355	165	50,820	38,195	12,630
23 Construction	4,020	3,340	680	476,835	419,600	57,230
31-33 Manufacturing	5,560	3,685	1,875	683,335	482,800	200,530
41 Wholesale trade	3,700	2,305	1,400	270,745	178,945	91,800
44-45 Retail trade	6,970	3,510	3,465	783,540	367,175	416,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,270	1,720	550	329,240	242,045	87,190
51 Information and cultural industries	2,125	1,280	845	176,715	101,045	75,670
52 Finance and insurance	6,360	3,115	3,240	380,765	169,590	211,180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,675	910	765	144,275	77,385	66,890
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,195	4,155	3,040	567,825	316,685	251,140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	200	65	135	12,365	5,290	7,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,960	1,745	1,225	338,640	190,210	148,430
61 Educational services	5,655	1,585	4,070	528,470	163,680	364,795
62 Health care and social assistance	5,745	1,115	4,630	754,555	134,270	620,275
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,455	860	595	147,425	75,330	72,095
72 Accommodation and food services	3,745	1,745	1,995	478,070	201,260	276,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,785	1,255	1,530	296,960	133,220	163,745
91 Public administration	2,685	1,480	1,200	415,635	216,250	199,385
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	63,395	33,090	30,300	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900
Worked at home	5,530	2,865	2,670	480,290	242,495	237,795
Worked outside Canada	365	235	125	39,145	25,995	13,150
No fixed workplace address	6,465	4,680	1,785	736,715	536,140	200,570
Worked at usual place	51,035	25,310	25,725	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	51,035	25,310	25,720	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,055	6,675	8,375	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,685	5,695	5,990	857,565	419,960	437,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	24,195	12,895	11,300	1,350,375	749,770	600,605
Commute to a different province or territory	95	40	55	38,990	21,630	17,355
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	57,495	29,990	27,505	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945
Car, truck, van - as a driver	45,115	24,810	20,300	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,680	1,105	2,575	372,480	151,880	220,600
Public transit	6,705	3,175	3,530	888,920	376,690	512,235
Walked	1,305	525	775	320,015	143,885	176,130
Bicycle	195	125	65	75,460	50,200	25,260
Other method	505	250	255	60,620	30,835	29,785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	57,500	29,990	27,505	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Less than 15 minutes	7,990	3,285	4,705	1,463,845	675,540	788,310
15 to 29 minutes	13,725	6,655	7,065	1,964,690	991,525	973,165
30 to 44 minutes	15,960	8,775	7,190	1,295,375	706,155	589,225
45 to 59 minutes	7,700	4,295	3,405	612,415	336,090	276,325
60 minutes and over	12,120	6,985	5,140	756,385	436,455	319,930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	57,495	29,990	27,505	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,070	2,265	805	413,515	296,265	117,245
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,430	5,515	3,920	1,039,255	640,810	398,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,290	8,560	8,725	1,571,230	778,100	793,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,665	6,010	6,660	1,354,870	577,565	777,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	8,380	4,130	4,255	740,330	328,410	411,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,650	3,510	3,145	973,515	524,620	448,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	71,300	36,855	34,445	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200
Single responses	69,490	36,010	33,485	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015
Official languages	66,720	34,565	32,155	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955
English	66,510	34,520	31,985	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655
French	215	45	170	94,145	34,850	59,295
Non-official languages	2,775	1,440	1,330	115,320	61,255	54,060
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,485	765	715
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,420	745	675
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	370	220	150
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	360	215	145
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,050	525	525
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	495	235	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	545	290	260
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,770	1,445	1,330	113,835	60,490	53,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,305	1,995	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	110	35	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,955	1,225
Amharic	0	0	0	75	30	45
Arabic	0	0	0	2,430	1,605	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	145	110	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	395	140	260
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,575	1,065	1,510
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	50	50
Vietnamese	10	0	0	2,480	1,015	1,465
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	1,280	495	790
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,145	435	705
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	105	45	60	1,980	945	1,035
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	45	30
Tamil	105	40	60	1,870	900	975
Telugu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	50	55	38,960	21,375	17,580
Albanian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Armenian	0	0	0	145	75	75
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	6,655	3,165	3,495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages	15	0	10	6,595	3,135	3,455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	85	40
Croatian	0	0	0	155	100	50
Czech	0	0	0	25	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	0	0	0	1,925	960	960
Russian	15	0	0	2,905	1,240	1,670
Serbian	0	0	0	390	240	145
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	780	320	460
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	6,905	3,655	3,250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dutch	0	0	0	790	425	365
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
German	10	0	10	5,690	3,005	2,690
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	55	15	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	240	155	80
Greek	0	0	0	405	240	165
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	11,880	6,560	5,315
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	9,205	4,900	4,310
Bengali	0	0	0	335	160	170
Gujarati	20	15	10	730	255	475
Hindi	0	0	0	800	380	415
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nepali	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	6,025	3,480	2,550
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Urdu	10	0	0	1,150	555	600
Iranian languages	15	10	0	2,660	1,655	1,005
Kurdish	0	0	0	105	95	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	2,530	1,555	975
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	10	12,680	7,505	5,170
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	0	0	0	945	505	445
Portuguese	0	0	0	5,815	3,865	1,950
Romanian	0	0	0	300	140	160
Spanish	35	25	10	5,590	2,985	2,605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	10	0	0	1,010	360	655
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	30	20	10	4,945	2,505	2,445
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	810	295	515
American Sign Language	0	0	0	575	170	410
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	225	130	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,505	1,320	1,190	57,620	30,735	26,890
Chinese languages	2,505	1,315	1,190	57,535	30,690	26,840
Cantonese	1,695	870	825	26,955	14,190	12,770
Hakka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mandarin	765	420	345	29,090	15,730	13,360
Min Dong	0	0	0	30	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	250	155	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	15	1,145	565	580
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	235	95	145
Lao	0	0	0	80	40	35
Thai	0	0	0	160	55	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	465	315	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Turkish	0	0	0	440	295	140
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	420	205	220
Estonian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Hungarian	10	10	0	295	165	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	1,805	845	960	144,405	67,215	77,185
English and French	330	120	205	63,665	26,760	36,900
English and non-official language	1,465	720	745	78,240	39,330	38,910
French and non-official language	0	0	0	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	2,325	1,055	1,270
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	71,295	36,855	34,445	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200
None	65,680	34,130	31,555	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930
English	1,220	555	665	109,150	48,930	60,220
French	700	290	405	260,050	118,655	141,395
Non-official language	3,595	1,825	1,775	226,490	119,130	107,360
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5,970	2,480	3,490
Non-Aboriginal	3,595	1,825	1,775	220,520	116,650	103,870
English and French	10	10	0	245	100	150
English and non-official language	65	35	30	1,620	780	845
French and non-official language	30	15	15	6,080	2,780	3,300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	123,465	60,315	63,155	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520
Non-movers	111,415	54,290	57,125	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695
Movers	12,055	6,025	6,030	1,631,005	800,180	830,820
Non-migrants	6,380	3,120	3,265	941,380	460,170	481,210
Migrants	5,670	2,905	2,765	689,625	340,015	349,610
Internal migrants	4,665	2,430	2,235	535,180	263,055	272,120
Intraprovincial migrants	4,325	2,265	2,060	467,890	229,080	238,810
Interprovincial migrants	345	165	175	67,290	33,980	33,315
External migrants	1,005	470	535	154,445	76,955	77,490
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	116,845	56,850	59,990	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325
Non-movers	73,585	35,815	37,770	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880
Movers	43,255	21,030	22,220	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445
Non-migrants	21,360	10,300	11,065	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820
Migrants	21,895	10,740	11,160	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630
Internal migrants	18,120	8,990	9,135	1,562,375	761,630	800,740
Intraprovincial migrants	17,370	8,635	8,730	1,380,900	672,540	708,360
Interprovincial migrants	750	350	400	181,480	89,090	92,390
External migrants	3,775	1,750	2,025	549,965	271,080	278,885