Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central East, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Central East, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Central East, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : Central East, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,550,531	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,498,683	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	607,991	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	559,294	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	100.7	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15,394.87	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,550,535	751,085	799,445	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	252,285	129,135	123,145	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	79,455	40,785	38,665	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	86,450	44,250	42,200	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	86,380	44,100	42,275	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	1,028,010	500,845	527,160	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	96,415	49,400	47,010	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	103,865	53,665	50,200	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	94,440	47,275	47,170	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	92,785	44,750	48,035	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	91,075	42,835	48,235	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	95,550	45,265	50,280	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	105,980	50,060	55,925	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	126,940	61,100	65,835	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	118,990	57,715	61,280	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	101,970	48,790	53,185	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	270,245	121,105	149,140	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	88,270	41,820	46,445	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	62,630	29,590	33,040	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	46,755	21,055	25,700	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	35,890	15,725	20,160	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	36,700	12,910	23,785	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	23,100	8,910	14,195	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	10,620	3,305	7,315	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	2,600	635	1,965	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	375	60	315	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.2	15.4	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	66.3	66.7	65.9	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	17.4	16.1	18.7	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.0	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	41.5	40.4	42.5	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	42.4	41.0	43.6	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	559,295	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	328,745	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	88,840	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	140,910	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	23,915	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	49,705	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	28,530	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	37,475	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,285	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	805	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	121,005	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	177,700	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	99,100	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	95,170	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	66,320	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,528,935	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,298,250	621,950	676,300	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	737,340	368,160	369,180	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	645,385	322,310	323,075	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	91,945	45,845	46,105	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	560,915	253,795	307,120	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	367,660	193,260	174,405	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	39,430	15,980	23,450	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	76,955	29,175	47,780	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	76,870	15,385	61,490	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	443,380	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	204,690	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	104,005	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	94,905	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	39,780	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	443,380	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	358,095	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	312,155	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	45,940	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	85,285	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	69,255	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	16,030	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	358,095	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	153,700	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	204,390	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	79,640	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	87,465	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	37,290	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	85,285	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	50,985	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	24,370	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	9,925	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	216,825	97,875	118,950	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	396,655	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	136,395	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	260,255	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	22,580	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	140,065	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	121,010	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,055	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,535,725	745,625	790,105	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	1,387,170	683,460	703,710	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	1,170	485	685	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	95,825	40,590	55,240	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	51,565	21,095	30,470	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,535,730	745,625	790,105	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	1,459,055	713,200	745,855	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	18,615	8,490	10,125	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	7,365	3,290	4,075	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	50,695	20,650	30,045	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	22,295	10,130	12,165	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.5	1.4	1.5	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,535,725	745,625	790,105	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,492,890	725,070	767,820	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,079,305	528,145	551,160	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	1,061,490	520,040	541,450	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	17,815	8,110	9,705	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	413,580	196,920	216,665	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	245	105	135	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	185	80	105	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	10	30	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	5	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	5	0	5	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	20	10	10	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	10	5	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	135	60	75	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	130	55	70	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	5	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	15	5	10	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	15	0	10	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	10	5	10	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	5	5	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	15	10	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	413,345	196,810	216,530	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	17,215	8,645	8,570	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	30	15	10	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	10	5	5	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	1,520	665	855	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	5	5	5	805	455	350
Oromo	165	85	85	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	1,335	575	760	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	365	195	170
Semitic languages	15,625	7,940	7,685	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,875	865	1,010	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	11,740	6,095	5,645	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	160	85	80	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	405	185	225	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	120	75	45	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	440	220	220	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	805	380	420	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	3,510	1,575	1,940	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	185	75	105	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	3,310	1,490	1,820	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	39,510	16,660	22,845	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	140	60	80	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	1,205	510	700	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	10	5	5	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	520	215	305	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	1,840	755	1,085	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	5	5	5	1,430	665	760
Malay	670	310	365	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	335	160	175	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	120	50	70	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	34,425	14,515	19,915	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	55	20	35	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	185	65	115	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	1,480	660	815	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	125	50	70	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	945	435	515	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	410	175	235	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	56,780	27,740	29,035	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	255	135	115	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	3,340	1,760	1,580	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	51,305	24,805	26,500	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	1,830	1,010	820	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	170,335	83,455	86,875	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,235	600	635	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	3,845	1,840	2,000	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	22,965	10,580	12,385	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	550	230	320	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	385	160	225	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	165	70	95	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	22,415	10,350	12,065	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	35	10	20	810	385	430
Bosnian	120	50	65	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	640	300	340	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	980	505	480	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	950	435	515	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	4,625	2,230	2,395	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	7,635	3,455	4,180	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	2,595	1,115	1,475	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,280	655	620	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	170	80	85	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	540	230	310	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	555	260	295	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	2,200	955	1,245	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	140	70	70	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	70	35	40	1,090	540	550
Welsh	50	20	25	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	530	295	235
Germanic languages	15,025	6,910	8,120	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	195	95	100	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	410	200	210	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	4,495	2,135	2,365	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	140	65	70	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	9,265	4,195	5,065	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	25	15	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	105	45	60	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	235	100	135	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	115	40	75	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	35	20	15	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	525	280	240
Greek	9,950	4,885	5,065	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	83,575	42,205	41,365	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	68,765	34,675	34,090	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	13,185	6,595	6,585	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	15,030	7,670	7,360	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	6,050	3,100	2,955	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	35	15	20	565	300	265
Konkani	430	200	225	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	645	325	320	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	915	470	445	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	95	50	40	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,535	3,390	3,150	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	940	435	505	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,260	1,070	1,190	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	22,650	11,350	11,300	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	14,505	7,375	7,130	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	410	240	170	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	2,145	1,095	1,050	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	11,950	6,040	5,910	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	300	155	145	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	33,605	16,370	17,240	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	10	10	5	865	440	425
Italian	12,570	6,430	6,140	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	5,840	2,790	3,050	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	3,100	1,450	1,650	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	12,075	5,690	6,390	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	720	380	340
Japanese	980	350	635	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	45	15	30	1,715	910	805
Georgian	50	20	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	2,940	1,350	1,590	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	25	10	15	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	25	10	20	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	3,445	1,635	1,815	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	700	340	355	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	10	5	5	1,535	815	720
Edo	130	60	70	1,670	770	900
Ewe	60	30	35	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	20	30	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	60	25	40	920	445	470
Ganda	65	25	35	1,295	625	665
Igbo	210	105	105	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	140	70	75	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	80	35	40	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	75	40	40	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	195	90	105	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	645	295	355	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	30	20	10	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	440	220	220	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	550	245	305	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	75	40	35	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	5	5	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	355	190	165	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	135	70	70	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	220	125	95	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	110,310	51,525	58,785	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	109,865	51,315	58,545	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	56,810	26,155	30,655	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	1,955	865	1,090	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	44,835	21,410	23,425	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	280	135	145	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,295	1,100	1,195	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,130	520	610	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,525	1,120	1,400	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	445	205	240	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	140	60	80	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	15	10	5	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	235	115	120	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	465	180	285	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	140	75	70	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	320	105	215	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,240	655	585	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	55	30	25	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,015	545	465	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	70	35	35	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	70	30	45	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	4,510	2,060	2,445	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	615	265	350	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	790	330	460	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	3,100	1,470	1,630	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	125	65	60	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	42,840	20,555	22,280	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	3,665	1,695	1,970	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	36,980	17,885	19,100	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	1,100	485	615	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	1,095	495	600	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,535,730	745,625	790,105	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,438,380	698,700	739,680	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,191,625	581,880	609,750	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,184,635	578,625	606,015	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	6,990	3,255	3,735	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	246,755	116,815	129,935	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	60	35	25	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	45	25	20	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	25	10	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	35	20	10	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	246,695	116,785	129,915	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	8,855	4,170	4,680	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	5	0	5	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	5	0	0	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	765	295	465	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	105	45	55	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	655	245	405	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	8,055	3,860	4,200	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	960	430	530	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	6,250	3,040	3,205	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	105	50	55	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	235	100	135	735	335	400
Hebrew	35	20	15	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	75	35	40	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	380	165	215	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	0	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,995	915	1,080	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	30	40	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	1,920	880	1,035	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	17,610	7,810	9,795	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	30	15	15	290	140	155
Cebuano	485	220	265	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	170	75	95	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	685	300	390	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	5	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	185	80	105	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	85	40	55	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	15	10	5	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15,905	7,055	8,855	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	15	5	5	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	730	325	405	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	70	35	40	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	500	220	280	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	155	70	90	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	40,385	19,350	21,035	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	105	55	45	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	1,880	995	880	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	37,370	17,750	19,620	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	1,015	535	475	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	81,465	39,415	42,050	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	635	320	320	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	2,675	1,255	1,420	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	8,885	4,190	4,695	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	70	35	35	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	55	25	30	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	15	5	10	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	8,820	4,155	4,665	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	10	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	45	20	25	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	335	165	175	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	250	120	125	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	295	135	160	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	1,995	945	1,055	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	3,165	1,520	1,645	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	1,330	620	705	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	570	280	295	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	55	25	30	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	165	80	85	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	105	45	60	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	480	190	290	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	670	310	360
Celtic languages	10	5	5	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	5	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	1,530	705	825	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	60	30	25	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	15	5	15	855	410	445
Dutch	240	105	135	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	5	0	185	95	90
German	1,175	545	625	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	5	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	5	5	5	345	145	200
Swedish	20	5	15	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	4,110	1,940	2,165	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	50,730	25,010	25,715	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	41,595	20,560	21,035	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	8,705	4,255	4,450	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	9,430	4,715	4,715	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	3,240	1,625	1,615	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	90	45	45	720	355	370
Marathi	315	160	150	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	640	325	315	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	50	25	25	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,500	1,755	1,750	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	410	185	230	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,025	510	515	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	14,180	6,950	7,230	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	9,020	4,390	4,630	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	220	125	100	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	1,365	685	680	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	7,430	3,580	3,850	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	120	65	55	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	12,895	5,990	6,905	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	0	5	0	355	165	190
Italian	3,670	1,615	2,055	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,865	855	1,015	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	1,640	775	865	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	5,710	2,745	2,970	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	405	165	240	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	25	5	15	1,040	565	475
Georgian	20	5	20	1,035	565	475
Korean	1,995	950	1,045	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	20	10	10	910	440	470
Mongolian	15	10	10	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	1,035	465	565	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	280	125	150	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	30	15	15	415	175	240
Ewe	10	5	5	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	5	825	400	425
Ga	20	10	10	250	105	140
Ganda	10	0	10	345	160	185
Igbo	40	15	20	1,000	485	510
Lingala	30	10	15	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	20	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	10	15	1,530	670	865
Shona	55	30	30	1,035	475	560
Swahili	220	95	130	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	15	10	5	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	110	50	55	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	120	55	70	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	15	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	5	0	5	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	575	345	235	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	185	100	85	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	390	245	145	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	89,265	41,755	47,515	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	89,010	41,630	47,375	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	46,370	21,040	25,325	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	970	445	530	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	38,255	18,565	19,690	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	90	35	50	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	955	455	500	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	695	325	370	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,650	750	905	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	255	125	130	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	75	30	45	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	10	5	5	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	160	80	85	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	190	80	110	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	50	25	25	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	135	60	80	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	720	360	365	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	15	5	10	1,245	640	610
Turkish	610	300	305	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	50	25	20	610	315	290
Uzbek	45	15	25	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	455	230	225
Uralic languages	1,380	640	745	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	135	50	85	975	365	610
Finnish	145	65	80	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,100	530	570	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	97,350	46,925	50,420	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	3,050	1,345	1,705	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	91,835	44,525	47,310	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	535	230	300	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	1,935	830	1,105	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,535,730	745,625	790,105	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	1,311,005	637,960	673,045	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	96,870	47,665	49,205	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	13,710	5,640	8,070	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	110,210	52,520	57,695	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	390	165	225	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	109,825	52,350	57,470	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	635	280	350	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	2,040	1,005	1,030	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	1,225	535	685	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	35	20	20	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,277,235	614,020	663,210	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,214,430	583,995	630,435	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,782	36,372	26,768	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,214,800	584,045	630,760	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,421	32,958	25,078	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,061,765	523,415	538,350	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,029	36,211	24,790	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	904,630	402,410	502,215	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,573	2,204	6,006	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	876,050	448,075	427,980	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,406	35,580	27,877	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,277,230	613,995	663,230	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,213,915	583,515	630,405	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,891	48,375	35,889	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,214,275	583,560	630,710	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,237	39,833	30,985	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,061,095	522,675	538,425	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,551	48,837	34,478	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	903,900	401,865	502,035	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,482	6,723	8,089	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	876,030	447,740	428,295	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,808	47,278	36,089	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,277,225	613,995	663,230	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	403,225	222,650	180,580	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,242	57,700	48,844	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	62,225	67,827	55,318	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	86.7	90.4	82.1	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	71.8	74.9	68.1	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	13.3	9.6	17.9	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,277,230	614,025	663,210	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	62,800	30,030	32,775	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	1,214,430	583,995	630,435	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.1	95.1	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	201,365	90,625	110,745	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	227,945	93,295	134,645	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	166,395	69,125	97,265	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	133,460	60,410	73,050	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	118,305	57,350	60,960	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	91,900	47,220	44,685	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	68,685	37,740	30,945	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	51,990	30,230	21,760	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	39,890	23,490	16,400	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	33,385	18,850	14,525	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	81,110	55,665	25,445	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	58,650	38,980	19,670	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	22,460	16,690	5,770	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,277,230	614,025	663,210	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	62,435	29,985	32,450	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	1,214,800	584,045	630,755	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.1	95.1	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	206,120	91,735	114,385	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	236,810	97,300	139,510	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	191,130	81,100	110,035	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	160,070	75,005	85,065	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	133,145	66,945	66,195	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	93,005	50,655	42,355	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	64,775	38,150	26,620	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	48,225	27,890	20,330	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	81,525	55,265	26,265	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	30,380	18,675	11,705	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	17,030	11,605	5,425	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	34,115	24,980	9,135	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,277,230	614,025	663,210	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	401,175	165,945	235,235	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	876,050	448,075	427,975	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	68.6	73.0	64.5	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	134,425	68,570	65,860	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	75,255	33,720	41,535	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	119,490	55,075	64,420	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	95,500	43,235	52,265	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	88,165	41,045	47,115	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	79,845	38,380	41,470	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	65,665	34,065	31,600	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	50,750	28,195	22,555	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	40,300	23,735	16,570	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	126,650	82,065	44,595	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	32,680	19,480	13,200	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	29,120	16,165	12,960	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	64,850	46,420	18,430	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	559,295	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,028	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,537	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	121,005	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,121	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,811	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	438,285	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,534	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,128	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,923	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,503	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	121,005	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,965	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,778	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	438,285	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,611	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,195	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	559,295	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	7,530	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,845	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	13,055	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	19,160	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20,755	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	21,175	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	22,385	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	22,850	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	23,430	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	22,415	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	43,600	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40,850	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,710	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	34,660	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,545	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	191,330	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,975	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	44,390	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	48,945	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	35,020	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	559,295	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	8,015	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,945	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	13,245	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	19,915	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	22,815	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	23,430	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25,550	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	27,035	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	27,210	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	26,910	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	51,660	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	47,625	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	43,495	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	38,625	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,450	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	144,360	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	61,275	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	36,840	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	46,235	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	427,055	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,826	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,472	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	132,620	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,375	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,318	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	205,330	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,108	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,787	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	75,295	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,163	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,133	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	426,760	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,203	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,722	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	132,505	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,398	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,173	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	205,610	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,541	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,999	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	74,915	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,055	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,946	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	172,895	81,930	90,965	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,528	30,887	28,555	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,354	28,220	26,742	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	172,660	82,170	90,490	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,438	41,370	37,683	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	33,464	34,384	32,629	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,528,935	742,825	786,115	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	772,905	366,735	406,170	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	157,650	76,130	81,520	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	161,225	73,350	87,875	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	152,750	71,850	80,905	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	150,670	72,090	78,575	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	150,615	73,315	77,295	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	756,030	376,085	379,945	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	152,555	74,670	77,880	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	156,585	77,140	79,455	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	158,880	78,995	79,885	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	160,725	80,475	80,250	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	127,280	64,805	62,475	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,526,890	741,830	785,055	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	306,745	156,850	149,900	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	95,875	49,185	46,690	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	966,140	468,760	497,375	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	254,000	116,220	137,780	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	228,200	106,135	122,060	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	62,225	31,635	30,585	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	20,765	10,585	10,185	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	134,750	62,550	72,200	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	31,230	11,950	19,280	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.9	14.3	15.5	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	20.3	20.2	20.4	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	21.7	21.5	21.8	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	13.3	14.5	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	12.3	10.3	14.0	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	158,985	76,685	82,295	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	41,030	20,895	20,135	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	13,975	7,135	6,840	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	104,255	50,645	53,610	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	13,700	5,150	8,550	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.4	10.3	10.5	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	13.4	13.3	13.4	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	14.6	14.5	14.6	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.8	10.8	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	5.4	4.4	6.2	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,528,905	742,795	786,110	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,477,745	721,575	756,170	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,476,740	721,125	755,615	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	96,110	41,055	55,060	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	508,595	243,580	265,015	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	765	320	445	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	675	275	400	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	80	15	60	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	0	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	25	0	20	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	10	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	40	10	30	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	10	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	590	255	335	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	585	255	330	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	10	0	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	15	10	10	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	15	0	10	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	60	35	20	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	45	35	15	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	15	0	10	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	10	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	507,845	243,260	264,580	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	24,320	12,275	12,045	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	35	15	20	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	10	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	2,180	970	1,210	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	0	10	0	1,085	625	470
Oromo	180	90	90	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	1,985	865	1,115	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	480	220	265
Semitic languages	22,380	11,435	10,945	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	2,805	1,340	1,460	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	17,650	9,140	8,515	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	115	90	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	20	15	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	595	300	295	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	560	295	260	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	575	285	290	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	930	425	505	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	30	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	125	45	85	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,760	2,125	2,635	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	260	110	150	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	4,515	2,015	2,495	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	50,870	21,505	29,360	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	195	90	110	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	1,720	710	1,005	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	605	275	330	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	2,815	1,100	1,715	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	10	10	10	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	1,325	610	710	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	420	190	230	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	125	55	70	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	48,315	20,355	27,960	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	45	15	30	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	195	65	125	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	4,175	1,835	2,340	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	290	120	170	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	2,280	1,020	1,265	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,680	730	960	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	72,890	35,915	36,975	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	655	365	295	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	4,595	2,420	2,175	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	66,160	32,340	33,825	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	2,590	1,430	1,160	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	75	30	40	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	223,830	110,440	113,390	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,585	755	830	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	4,720	2,235	2,490	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	27,660	13,005	14,650	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	560	215	340	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	385	165	220	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	180	55	120	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	27,155	12,805	14,355	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	45	25	15	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	150	90	65	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	730	360	365	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	1,515	775	740	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,265	590	680	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	6,075	2,955	3,115	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	8,575	3,875	4,700	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	4,660	2,115	2,545	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,015	1,035	985	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	235	110	125	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	650	265	380	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	610	270	345	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	2,830	1,270	1,555	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	165	90	75	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	385	200	185	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	190	105	85	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	55	20	30	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	19,425	9,195	10,230	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	600	255	345	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	480	185	295	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	5,030	2,385	2,650	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	155	85	70	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	12,990	6,255	6,735	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	35	10	25	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	155	75	80	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	405	180	230	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	105	35	65	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	50	15	30	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	14,325	6,955	7,370	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	112,495	57,415	55,085	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	96,775	49,345	47,430	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	16,590	8,400	8,190	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	20,460	10,540	9,920	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	29,905	15,655	14,255	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	55	30	25	905	490	420
Konkani	950	450	500	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	1,140	590	550	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,225	630	600	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	85	40	50	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	13,070	6,805	6,265	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	1,785	835	950	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5,470	2,695	2,775	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	34,370	17,425	16,945	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	17,350	8,890	8,455	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	505	320	180	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	3,195	1,730	1,465	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	14,865	7,545	7,325	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	490	290	195	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	48,610	23,365	25,245	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	10	10	10	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	17,595	8,860	8,730	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	7,180	3,420	3,755	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	3,670	1,700	1,975	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	21,740	10,180	11,560	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	90	50	35	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,145	885	1,265	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	95	30	60	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	95	35	60	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	3,345	1,535	1,810	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	75	35	35	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	75	35	40	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	7,090	3,360	3,725	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	1,060	500	555	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	55	35	20	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	225	85	135	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	125	60	60	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	100	40	60	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	165	60	100	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	120	45	75	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	340	160	185	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	650	305	345	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	130	60	70	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	175	90	90	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	290	145	150	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	1,940	950	985	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	65	40	25	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	1,135	560	575	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,370	630	745	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	100	50	45	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	20	15	10	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	45	35	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	2,255	890	1,365	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	1,285	435	850	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,025	480	540	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	121,085	57,245	63,840	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	120,600	56,995	63,605	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	67,245	31,035	36,210	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	1,980	865	1,115	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	63,195	30,105	33,095	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	315	135	185	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,735	1,300	1,440	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,190	545	645	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,505	1,085	1,425	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	540	280	265	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	200	90	110	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	295	160	135	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	565	265	305	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	220	120	100	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	380	155	230	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	1,965	1,015	950	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	110	55	50	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	1,655	880	775	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	75	45	30	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	90	25	65	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	5,000	2,370	2,635	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	610	255	360	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	780	340	440	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	3,620	1,785	1,835	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	435	210	225	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,528,900	742,790	786,110	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,411,035	686,095	724,945	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	293,580	150,390	143,190	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,117,460	535,705	581,755	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	117,860	56,700	61,165	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,528,900	742,795	786,105	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	993,450	491,075	502,375	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	515,390	240,860	274,525	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	137,675	63,830	73,840	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	73,935	34,855	39,080	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	121,415	56,595	64,820	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	129,670	60,955	68,715	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	68,320	32,305	36,020	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	61,350	28,645	32,695	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	52,700	24,625	28,075	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	20,065	10,860	9,205	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	515,385	240,865	274,525	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	42,715	21,680	21,035	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	86,910	43,460	43,450	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	115,840	50,965	64,875	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	215,675	100,895	114,780	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	54,250	23,860	30,385	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	515,390	240,860	274,525	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	96,965	42,000	54,960	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	795	335	465	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,325	610	715	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	1,485	755	730	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	24,365	10,655	13,710	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	1,160	510	650	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	27,620	11,435	16,190	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	1,285	545	740	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	760	345	415	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	13,625	6,040	7,590	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,785	3,930	4,855	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	15,760	6,850	8,915	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	98,230	46,795	51,435	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	550	280	265	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,050	550	505	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	875	430	450	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	6,965	3,435	3,530	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	7,125	3,410	3,715	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	2,040	975	1,065	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,975	915	1,060	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	8,910	4,610	4,300	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	4,195	2,125	2,065	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	5,760	2,605	3,150	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	3,440	1,650	1,785	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	3,325	1,530	1,795	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	1,500	650	845	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,250	635	625	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	1,130	465	660	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	36,890	17,255	19,635	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	11,255	5,265	5,990	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	23,695	11,605	12,090	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	175	80	95	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	2,780	1,435	1,345	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	2,715	1,300	1,415	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	1,810	815	990	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	335	160	175	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	2,170	1,090	1,085	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	1,205	500	700	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	1,715	880	840	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	10,785	5,335	5,455	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	295,100	139,790	155,310	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	7,875	3,955	3,925	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	12,130	6,090	6,040	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	63,700	29,185	34,510	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	18,415	8,675	9,740	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	39,475	19,710	19,765	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	3,075	1,680	1,400	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	2,195	1,070	1,125	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	820	265	555	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,610	1,255	1,360	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	3,165	1,750	1,420	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	19,810	10,030	9,780	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	48,910	20,940	27,975	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	47,735	23,165	24,570	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,320	1,135	1,185	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	1,785	750	1,035	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	5,995	2,685	3,310	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	15,085	7,465	7,625	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,400	670	730	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	52,700	24,625	28,075	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	6,115	2,905	3,210	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	155	65	90	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	190	95	95	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	150	80	75	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	445	215	235	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	1,565	835	735	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	230	95	135	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,000	490	510	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	115	50	65	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	2,250	985	1,265	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	2,455	1,150	1,295	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	115	45	70	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	120	50	70	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	65	40	25	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	20	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	220	95	120	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	115	45	75	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	130	55	75	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	630	375	260	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	1,025	440	590	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	3,015	1,475	1,545	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	20	0	10	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	110	65	50	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	155	60	95	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	370	200	180	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	145	60	80	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	435	220	215	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	35	15	25	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	455	235	215	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	65	15	50	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	130	65	65	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	50	40	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	1,035	490	545	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	40,940	19,000	21,945	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	1,110	555	560	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	2,015	995	1,020	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,420	4,660	5,765	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	240	95	150	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	8,030	4,060	3,970	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	335	165	170	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	375	185	190	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	60	30	25	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	115	20	85	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	150	70	75	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	240	115	130	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	355	180	175	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	2,620	1,320	1,305	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	7,945	3,440	4,510	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	220	105	115	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	3,750	1,580	2,165	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,335	695	640	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	90	20	65	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	115	75	45	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	345	160	185	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	205	75	135	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	870	400	465	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	175	95	80	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	110	65	45	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	65	30	40	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,528,900	742,795	786,110	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	540,870	254,495	286,375	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	365,050	182,115	182,935	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	622,980	306,180	316,795	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	384,345	180,025	204,320	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	164,270	80,825	83,440	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	67,935	40,290	27,645	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	96,335	40,540	55,800	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	145,280	59,165	86,115	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	67,905	36,980	30,920	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	6,890	3,050	3,835	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,528,900	742,795	786,110	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	27,745	13,175	14,575	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	26,590	12,590	13,995	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	16,800	7,855	8,950	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	9,380	4,555	4,825	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	400	180	225	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	520	260	255	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	645	320	320	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,501,155	729,615	771,535	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,528,905	742,795	786,110	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	9,035	4,265	4,770	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,519,865	738,525	781,335	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,528,905	742,795	786,105	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,765	2,175	2,585	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,665	2,150	2,515	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	3,635	1,645	1,990	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	975	490	480	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	55	15	40	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	100	30	75	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	70	25	45	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	0	25	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	37,630	17,685	19,940	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	36,770	17,290	19,480	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	27,350	12,745	14,605	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,915	4,285	4,635	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	505	265	245	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	860	390	470	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	840	380	455	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,486,510	722,930	763,580	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,528,900	742,795	786,105	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	623,445	300,275	323,170	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	208,260	104,675	103,580	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	130,355	62,350	68,005	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	117,000	54,095	62,905	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	65,575	29,485	36,085	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	14,295	6,960	7,335	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	14,285	7,505	6,780	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	7,430	3,385	4,040	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	16,155	8,265	7,890	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	3,785	1,870	1,910	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	3,535	1,630	1,905	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	20,830	9,610	11,215	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	21,945	10,435	11,505	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	905,455	442,520	462,935	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,528,905	742,795	786,110	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	42,395	19,865	22,530	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	31,910	14,800	17,115	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	615	295	320	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	10,825	5,190	5,635	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	358,100	176,430	181,675	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	1,310	680	625	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	12,905	6,145	6,765	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	347,520	171,330	176,190	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	45	30	10	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	1,790	845	945	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	225	130	95	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	190	105	85	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	460	250	210	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	55	25	35	1,895	950	945
European origins	804,435	389,705	414,730	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	577,940	278,330	299,610	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	90	35	50	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	90	40	45	1,975	995	975
English	344,270	164,575	179,700	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	243,885	114,205	129,675	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	230	105	125	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	242,125	115,720	126,410	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	23,790	11,255	12,535	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	36,750	17,235	19,515	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	100,405	47,260	53,140	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	65	20	45	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	25	15	10	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	25	15	10	1,750	950	805
French	100,320	47,230	53,095	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	147,565	71,485	76,080	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	7,195	3,565	3,630	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	35	10	20	940	485	455
Belgian	3,120	1,435	1,685	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	49,715	23,990	25,730	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	245	155	90	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	195	100	95	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	94,480	45,815	48,670	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	40	20	20	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	4,250	2,120	2,135	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	150	60	90	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	22,190	10,380	11,810	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	5,450	2,600	2,850	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	4,965	2,305	2,655	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	1,210	540	675	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	4,855	2,250	2,605	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	5,785	2,705	3,080	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,255	605	655	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	95,205	45,985	49,225	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,290	610	685	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	515	270	245	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	3,360	1,715	1,645	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	930	410	510	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	1,850	940	915	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	12,150	6,105	6,040	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,495	730	765	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	1,755	855	900	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	120	60	60	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	35,700	16,980	18,725	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	6,230	2,915	3,310	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	10,260	4,845	5,415	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,500	1,220	1,275	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	30,325	14,630	15,690	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	355	190	170	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	148,855	73,365	75,490	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,845	915	930	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	445	245	195	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	10	0	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,530	1,855	1,675	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	805	385	420	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	23,705	11,735	11,970	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	63,320	31,920	31,400	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	125	60	65	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	9,650	4,895	4,755	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	4,485	2,120	2,370	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	85	30	55	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	24,960	11,970	12,985	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	2,665	1,395	1,270	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	575	250	325	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,820	955	860	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	20,770	9,450	11,320	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,905	960	945	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	60	25	35	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	5,730	2,820	2,910	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	120	70	55	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	2,755	1,355	1,400	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	170	85	90	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	155	80	75	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	2,570	1,250	1,315	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	102,850	46,890	55,955	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	995	455	540	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	350	170	185	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	6,855	3,145	3,710	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	250	110	145	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	655	225	435	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	1,490	690	800	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	1,460	605	850	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	3,385	1,490	1,895	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	35	10	35	1,125	515	605
Haitian	2,120	1,000	1,125	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	58,285	26,605	31,675	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	470	210	260	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	70	15	55	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	210	100	115	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	135	90	45	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	1,465	630	835	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15,110	6,870	8,240	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,340	1,450	1,890	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	14,665	6,655	8,015	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	3,695	1,645	2,045	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	37,825	17,605	20,215	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,495	695	800	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	265	100	165	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	575	250	335	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	110	30	75	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	135	70	60	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	995	445	550	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	1,150	555	590	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	1,905	950	955	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	245	140	105	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	1,025	470	550	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	805	395	410	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	20,020	9,185	10,835	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	495	185	315	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	110	60	45	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	235	125	110	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	2,860	1,430	1,425	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	775	385	390	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	495	210	280	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	25	10	15	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,010	485	525	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	1,850	940	910	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	180	110	70	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	1,215	525	695	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,555	700	860	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	50,325	24,490	25,835	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	9,140	4,540	4,605	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	85	50	30	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	140	90	50	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	65	35	30	1,585	855	735
Beninese	75	35	45	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	20	10	20	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	555	280	275	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	15	10	10	1,845	955	885
Congolese	1,350	710	635	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	100	65	35	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	65	30	40	845	470	375
Gabonese	10	0	10	1,405	660	750
Gambian	75	30	50	975	495	475
Ghanaian	2,225	1,015	1,210	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	250	130	120	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	235	145	95	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	90	40	55	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	115	45	70	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	80	55	30	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	45	15	30	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	2,935	1,475	1,460	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	15	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	100	55	45	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	100	45	45	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	55	45	15	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	10	10	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	460	220	240	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	615	275	340	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	6,675	3,420	3,260	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	225	90	140	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	45	20	15	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	275	135	140	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	4,265	2,155	2,110	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	205	120	85	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	75	35	40	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	710	375	335	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	840	445	400	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	175	105	65	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	200	95	105	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	14,015	6,895	7,120	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	20	10	10	1,870	955	915
Amhara	115	65	50	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	50	40	10	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	175	110	65	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	125	60	70	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,205	610	595	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	4,115	2,025	2,090	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	240	135	105	665	355	305
Kenyan	645	310	340	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	25	15	10	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	380	190	185	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	130	50	80	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	215	90	120	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	75	35	40	1,285	575	710
Somali	3,000	1,385	1,620	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,965	1,000	965	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	360	200	160	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	35	25	10	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	345	160	185	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	110	65	45	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	390	200	190	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	45	20	30	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,035	490	540	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	21,255	10,025	11,235	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,795	1,715	2,080	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	17,700	8,425	9,270	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	481,495	234,105	247,390	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	43,940	22,600	21,335	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	13,310	6,755	6,555	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	3,445	1,770	1,675	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	5,325	2,540	2,790	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	210	120	90	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	115	65	60	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	155	60	90	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	235	105	125	1,515	810	705
Iranian	5,255	2,820	2,430	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	1,950	1,045	900	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	635	400	240	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	440	275	165	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	75	35	40	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	420	265	160	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	15	10	10	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	25	10	20	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	6,235	3,190	3,050	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	2,140	1,160	980	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	375	200	175	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	210	130	80	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	2,845	1,420	1,425	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	270	125	150	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	110	55	55	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,575	1,285	1,290	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	25	10	10	1,040	540	500
Uighur	90	50	40	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	160	65	100	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	310	150	160	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,180	630	550	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	215,940	107,795	108,135	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	8,730	4,520	4,205	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	4,235	2,130	2,115	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	55	30	25	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	114,960	57,690	57,270	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	700	310	385	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	1,075	595	475	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	215	135	80	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	1,125	560	565	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	19,330	9,810	9,520	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	2,225	1,115	1,105	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	1,130	520	610	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	52,650	25,545	27,100	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	18,640	9,330	9,305	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	10,615	5,335	5,280	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	227,130	106,405	120,730	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	420	170	245	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	465	225	245	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	146,570	69,960	76,610	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	70,315	31,695	38,620	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	1,230	575	660	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	4,745	2,155	2,595	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	0	0	0	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	4,165	2,030	2,140	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	340	185	165	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	1,240	620	620	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	415	195	220	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	115	65	50	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	850	355	495	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	530	230	295	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	440	225	215	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	5,580	2,565	3,010	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	615	295	315	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	2,315	1,110	1,215	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	2,320	1,110	1,215	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	2,275	1,165	1,110	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,415	710	705	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	420	215	205	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	490	270	220	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	310	170	140	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	45	30	20	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	50	30	20	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	30	0	25	1,530	725	805
Samoan	15	15	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	50	30	20	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	419,300	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	139,965	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	25	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	67,290	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	492,000	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	2,580	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	53,505	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	112,115	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	213,935	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	177,150	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	128,880	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	81,085	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	89,010	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	82,120	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	178,190	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	541,065	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	18,225	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	559,290	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	517,500	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	41,790	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	122,300	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	169,530	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	94,090	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	69,510	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	41,455	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	35,960	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	26,445	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	525,300	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	33,990	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	559,285	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	311,925	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	226,655	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20,705	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	559,290	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	9,210	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	58,560	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	90,345	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	125,845	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	122,870	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	85,825	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	48,205	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	18,435	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	554,345	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	396,040	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	158,305	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	139,215	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	415,205	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	62.6	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	22.4	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,384	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,457	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	448,943	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	485,857	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	139,665	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	18.6	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,032	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,049	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,277,225	613,995	663,230	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	233,260	114,475	118,775	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	382,420	186,095	196,325	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	661,545	313,425	348,125	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	79,760	57,255	22,500	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	38,030	23,310	14,720	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	41,730	33,945	7,785	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	285,720	120,630	165,090	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	29,740	13,045	16,695	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	266,330	122,490	143,840	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	191,290	84,835	106,450	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	17,965	7,880	10,085	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,725	2,950	2,775	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	45,930	23,355	22,570	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	5,425	3,470	1,960	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	823,365	394,385	428,980	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	94,655	49,875	44,780	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	224,265	112,410	111,850	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	504,445	232,095	272,345	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	52,315	37,540	14,780	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	25,350	15,615	9,735	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	26,970	21,920	5,045	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	219,755	91,730	128,025	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,990	8,945	12,045	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	211,380	93,885	117,495	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	150,345	64,995	85,350	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,990	5,660	8,325	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	4,535	2,160	2,380	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	38,510	18,750	19,760	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	4,000	2,320	1,680	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,277,225	614,000	663,230	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	615,675	300,570	315,105	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	37,405	8,710	28,695	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	37,405	8,710	28,695	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	23,860	11,400	12,455	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	4,820	3,655	1,165	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	19,035	7,750	11,295	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	33,370	12,260	21,110	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,940	700	2,240	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	9,145	2,405	6,740	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	9,570	3,080	6,490	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	195	85	115	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,125	1,245	880	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,430	2,150	1,280	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	4,800	2,450	2,350	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	1,160	145	1,015	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	79,740	23,475	56,270	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,160	220	935	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,750	3,060	4,690	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	16,795	1,310	15,490	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	13,870	3,455	10,415	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,560	320	1,240	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	11,540	2,665	8,875	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	27,065	12,440	14,625	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	146,680	57,660	89,020	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	455	155	300	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	12,225	2,145	10,080	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	134,005	55,355	78,640	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,160	12,430	13,730	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	11,120	4,465	6,655	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,550	2,820	3,735	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	360	110	250	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	6,725	4,475	2,250	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,405	565	840	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	32,205	20,840	11,365	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	26,210	17,840	8,370	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	1,185	170	1,015	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,425	2,550	1,875	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	385	280	105	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	133,045	121,990	11,060	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	4,315	3,115	1,195	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	32,900	27,440	5,460	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	28,920	26,265	2,655	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	26,000	25,455	545	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	27,455	26,790	665	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	13,465	12,930	535	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,965	6,760	4,200	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,365	3,910	2,460	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,600	2,855	1,740	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	98,380	17,690	80,690	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	8,460	4,210	4,250	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	88,590	12,735	75,855	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,330	745	585	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	39,645	20,190	19,455	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	20,345	5,530	14,815	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	85	70	15	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	125	120	10	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	13,440	9,280	4,165	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,650	5,195	455	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	90	10	80	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	90	10	80	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	823,365	394,385	428,980	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	318,920	162,290	156,635	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	25,640	5,675	19,965	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	25,640	5,675	19,965	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,950	8,395	9,560	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,325	2,475	850	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	14,625	5,915	8,705	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	24,535	8,540	15,995	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,195	465	1,730	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,635	1,620	5,015	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,205	2,235	4,965	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	135	60	80	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,540	860	685	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,435	1,530	905	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	3,550	1,690	1,855	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	840	80	760	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	63,620	17,670	45,950	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	910	190	720	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	6,295	2,435	3,865	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	13,180	910	12,270	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	11,775	2,555	9,220	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,245	245	1,000	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	8,855	1,755	7,100	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	21,365	9,585	11,780	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	115,625	43,975	71,645	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	395	140	260	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,760	1,585	8,175	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	105,470	42,255	63,225	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,290	8,775	10,520	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	8,075	3,220	4,855	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,960	2,005	2,955	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	265	90	175	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	4,895	3,050	1,840	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,105	410	695	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	27,535	17,935	9,595	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	23,095	15,750	7,335	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	840	135	700	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,265	1,815	1,450	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	340	240	105	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	96,795	87,725	9,070	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	3,375	2,395	980	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	25,555	20,870	4,690	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	21,035	18,970	2,065	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	18,465	18,040	425	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	19,360	18,855	510	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	9,005	8,615	395	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,305	4,910	3,395	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,725	2,725	2,000	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,585	2,185	1,400	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	75,550	13,495	62,055	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,450	3,160	3,285	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	68,090	9,820	58,265	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,015	510	500	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	29,530	14,990	14,540	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	14,845	3,905	10,930	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	45	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	10	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	10,250	6,960	3,285	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,335	4,035	300	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	60	0	55	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	60	10	55	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,277,225	613,995	663,225	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	615,680	300,575	315,105	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	661,550	313,425	348,125	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	512,680	239,020	273,665	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	486,550	226,150	260,400	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	26,130	12,865	13,260	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	148,865	74,410	74,460	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	13,530	7,420	6,110	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	23,220	8,875	14,340	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	21,065	11,070	10,000	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	13,455	7,810	5,645	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,380	7,570	7,815	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	575	315	260	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	61,635	31,345	30,290	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	823,370	394,390	428,980	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	318,920	162,285	156,635	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	504,445	232,095	272,345	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	392,440	178,370	214,070	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	373,285	168,975	204,315	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	19,160	9,400	9,760	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	112,000	53,720	58,280	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	10,320	5,470	4,850	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	18,990	7,140	11,855	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	17,800	9,125	8,680	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,135	3,390	2,740	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	12,825	6,195	6,630	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	460	265	195	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	45,465	22,150	23,320	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,277,225	613,995	663,230	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	796,155	408,720	387,430	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	727,345	373,125	354,220	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	68,810	35,595	33,210	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	481,075	205,275	275,795	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	62.3	66.6	58.4	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	56.9	60.8	53.4	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	8.6	8.7	8.6	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,277,230	613,995	663,225	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	465,955	198,325	267,630	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	811,270	415,675	395,600	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	413,740	229,665	184,075	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	397,525	186,000	211,525	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.1	42.1	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	796,150	408,720	387,435	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,560	11,690	12,870	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	771,595	397,030	374,560	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	690,110	344,195	345,920	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	81,480	52,835	28,645	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	796,150	408,720	387,435	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,560	11,690	12,870	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	771,595	397,030	374,565	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	77,320	46,730	30,590	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	126,410	38,015	88,395	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	51,150	39,950	11,205	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	49,205	8,340	40,865	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85,955	25,450	60,505	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,330	9,615	10,715	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	198,070	89,655	108,420	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	109,345	102,390	6,955	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10,040	8,090	1,945	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	43,760	28,785	14,970	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	796,155	408,720	387,435	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	24,560	11,690	12,870	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	771,595	397,030	374,565	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	7,255	4,780	2,475	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,775	1,440	335	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	11,305	8,540	2,765	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	55,650	49,505	6,140	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	71,015	49,190	21,820	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	28,940	19,425	9,520	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	92,130	44,060	48,075	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	36,240	27,970	8,265	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	20,645	11,475	9,170	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	48,150	19,970	28,185	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15,835	8,295	7,545	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	53,245	28,175	25,070	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,385	575	815	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	44,360	25,450	18,910	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	55,135	16,785	38,350	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	86,280	13,325	72,955	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15,025	7,805	7,220	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	56,160	25,080	31,080	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	33,125	15,955	17,170	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	37,925	19,215	18,705	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	727,345	373,125	354,220	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	46,165	23,055	23,105	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	2,835	1,745	1,085	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	90,885	66,135	24,755	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	587,465	282,185	305,280	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	587,465	282,185	305,275	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	295,190	129,025	166,165	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	96,710	44,815	51,895	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	194,170	107,440	86,725	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	1,395	900	495	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	678,350	348,325	330,030	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	481,070	266,845	214,230	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	42,375	17,235	25,145	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	123,240	49,855	73,395	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	22,470	9,255	13,215	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	3,005	2,215	790	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	6,180	2,925	3,260	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	678,345	348,320	330,025	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	134,890	59,530	75,355	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	179,520	86,800	92,720	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	137,490	75,735	61,755	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	84,425	47,145	37,280	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	142,025	79,105	62,925	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	678,350	348,320	330,030	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	53,620	38,110	15,515	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	122,950	71,730	51,220	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	168,175	79,435	88,745	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	131,600	55,090	76,505	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	83,340	38,170	45,170	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	118,655	65,780	52,875	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	840,445	430,130	410,315	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	828,345	424,535	403,805	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	807,870	413,640	394,230	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	804,930	412,930	391,995	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	2,945	710	2,235	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	20,475	10,895	9,580	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	10	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,465	10,885	9,580	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	85	80	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	85	80	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	155	85	75	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	10	0	10	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	80	45	40	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	310	90	220	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	10	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	90	200	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	10	10	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	1,050	535	510	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	90	50	45
Tamil	1,030	525	505	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	1,675	925	750	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	10	0	350	220	125
Armenian	45	20	20	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	180	90	95	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	10	60	25	30
Slavic languages	175	90	90	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	10	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	15	10	10	95	45	55
Polish	70	30	40	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	60	25	40	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	0	10	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	15	0	10	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	100	70	30	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	30	25	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	70	45	30	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	90	25	65	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	725	370	360	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	570	260	315	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	90	45	45	530	275	245
Gujarati	135	30	105	880	300	585
Hindi	120	65	55	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	20	40	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	10	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	40	25	20
Urdu	150	85	65	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	155	115	40	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	45	35	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	110	75	40	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	530	350	180	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	35	20	10	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	100	65	40	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	15	10	10	745	365	380
Spanish	380	265	115	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	95	40	60	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	190	90	100	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	10	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	25	15	10	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	50	70	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	80	20	60	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	30	10	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	16,660	8,955	7,700	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	16,645	8,955	7,695	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	8,445	4,390	4,060	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	7,915	4,445	3,475	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	10	0	10	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	75	40	30	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	205	80	125	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	270	155	115
Burmese	10	0	10	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	10	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	15	0	15	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	30	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	35	25	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	10	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	595	270	325
Estonian	10	10	10	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	15	10	10	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	12,095	5,590	6,510	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	3,190	1,180	2,010	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	8,775	4,365	4,415	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	10	0	10	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	125	50	70	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	840,440	430,130	410,315	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	801,695	411,735	389,960	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	8,170	3,650	4,520	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	8,290	3,415	4,875	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	21,725	11,095	10,625	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	110	20	90	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	21,615	11,080	10,535	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	10	10	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	250	105	145	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	305	120	185	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,513,905	735,055	778,850	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	1,349,435	654,620	694,815	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	164,470	80,435	84,035	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	89,135	43,130	46,000	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	75,335	37,305	38,035	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	60,720	29,975	30,745	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	56,340	27,710	28,630	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	4,375	2,270	2,105	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	14,620	7,330	7,290	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,449,810	702,190	747,620	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	951,255	460,625	490,625	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	498,555	241,560	256,995	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	260,725	125,265	135,460	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	237,830	116,300	121,535	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	183,050	89,025	94,020	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	172,295	83,800	88,490	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	10,755	5,225	5,530	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	54,785	27,270	27,515	1,381,460	682,625	698,835