Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pickering, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Cobalt Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	91,771	...	...	1,118	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	88,721	...	...	1,122^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.4	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	31,630	...	...	611	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	30,919	...	...	520	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	396.3	...	...	776.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	231.55	...	...	1.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	91,775	44,540	47,230	1,120	545	570
0 to 14 years	14,915	7,575	7,335	165	80	85
0 to 4 years	4,545	2,305	2,245	55	30	25
5 to 9 years	4,910	2,495	2,415	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	5,460	2,775	2,685	45	25	25
15 to 64 years	63,410	30,830	32,585	710	350	360
15 to 19 years	6,290	3,300	2,990	70	40	30
20 to 24 years	6,665	3,480	3,185	60	35	30
25 to 29 years	5,510	2,835	2,675	45	25	25
30 to 34 years	5,435	2,615	2,815	65	30	35
35 to 39 years	5,390	2,530	2,855	55	20	25
40 to 44 years	5,700	2,670	3,030	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	6,665	3,090	3,575	75	35	40
50 to 54 years	8,175	3,840	4,330	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	7,485	3,565	3,925	100	55	50
60 to 64 years	6,100	2,890	3,205	80	40	40
65 years and over	13,445	6,135	7,310	245	115	125
65 to 69 years	4,815	2,360	2,460	80	35	40
70 to 74 years	3,175	1,530	1,645	65	30	30
75 to 79 years	2,180	995	1,185	50	25	30
80 to 84 years	1,665	695	965	30	15	15
85 years and over	1,605	560	1,045	25	15	10
85 to 89 years	1,035	400	635	20	10	5
90 to 94 years	445	135	305	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	115	25	90	0	0	5
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	17.0	15.5	14.7	14.7	14.9
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.2	69.0	63.4	64.2	63.2
65 years and over	14.6	13.8	15.5	21.9	21.1	21.9
85 years and over	1.7	1.3	2.2	2.2	2.8	1.8
Average age of the population	40.4	39.4	41.4	44.1	44.1	44.2
Median age of the population	41.6	39.9	43.0	47.5	47.2	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Single-detached house	18,780	...	...	385	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,630	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,485	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,345	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	4,295	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,770	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,065	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
1 person	5,155	...	...	190	...	...
2 persons	8,970	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	6,085	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	6,520	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	4,190	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	90,995	...	...	1,110	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	76,855	36,965	39,895	955	465	485
Married or living common law	44,440	22,180	22,255	475	235	235
Married	39,770	19,845	19,925	355	175	180
Living common law	4,670	2,335	2,335	115	55	60
Not married and not living common law	32,415	14,785	17,630	480	235	245
Never married	22,605	11,915	10,690	265	155	120
Separated	1,925	725	1,200	60	15	40
Divorced	3,970	1,350	2,620	75	35	45
Widowed	3,915	790	3,125	80	35	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,655	...	...	320	...	...
2 persons	10,875	...	...	195	...	...
3 persons	6,605	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	6,600	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	2,565	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,650	...	...	320	...	...
Total couple families	21,790	...	...	235	...	...
Married couples	19,450	...	...	180	...	...
Common-law couples	2,335	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,865	...	...	85	...	...
Female parent	3,920	...	...	75	...	...
Male parent	950	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,785	...	...	235	...	...
Couples without children	8,060	...	...	140	...	...
Couples with children	13,730	...	...	90	...	...
1 child	5,100	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	6,180	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	2,445	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,870	...	...	90	...	...
1 child	2,815	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	1,505	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	545	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,460	3,940	5,525	255	130	125
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
One-census-family households	23,625	...	...	305	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,000	...	...	140	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,630	...	...	170	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,465	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,830	...	...	205	...	...
One-person households	5,150	...	...	190	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	675	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	91,100	44,295	46,805	1,115	545	570
English only	83,475	41,255	42,220	810	410	400
French only	60	25	35	10	5	5
English and French	6,625	2,675	3,950	290	130	165
Neither English nor French	940	340	600	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	91,100	44,295	46,805	1,115	545	570
English	88,585	43,280	45,300	940	470	465
French	1,165	490	675	175	70	100
English and French	440	195	240	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	910	325	585	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,385	590	795	175	75	100
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.3	1.7	15.7	13.8	17.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	91,100	44,295	46,805	1,115	540	570
Single responses	88,450	42,960	45,485	1,080	530	555
Official languages	68,445	33,420	35,025	1,070	525	545
English	67,335	32,955	34,380	895	445	450
French	1,115	465	645	175	75	100
Non-official languages	20,005	9,540	10,460	15	5	5
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,000	9,535	10,460	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,260	655	605	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,200	625	575	0	0	0
Amharic	60	30	25	0	0	0
Arabic	1,075	560	510	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	50	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	45	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,770	705	1,065	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	20	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	50	20	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,565	625	945	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,715	845	875	0	0	0
Kannada	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	180	85	90	0	0	0
Tamil	1,470	725	750	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,830	6,250	6,580	10	5	5
Albanian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Armenian	160	85	80	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,720	805	920	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,665	780	890	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Czech	80	35	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	490	230	265	0	0	0
Polish	530	240	290	0	0	0
Russian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Serbian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	970	440	530	5	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	185	100	90	0	0	0
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	705	310	400	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	675	345	330	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,070	3,005	3,070	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,695	2,305	2,390	0	0	0
Bengali	410	190	215	0	0	0
Gujarati	740	370	370	0	0	0
Hindi	420	210	210	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	20	5	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	600	295	300	0	0	0
Sindhi	120	65	55	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	55	65	0	0	0
Urdu	2,225	1,090	1,135	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,370	695	675	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	155	80	75	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,200	605	595	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,160	1,550	1,610	10	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,210	630	580	5	0	5
Portuguese	515	245	270	0	0	0
Romanian	430	205	230	0	0	0
Spanish	1,000	470	535	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	185	85	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	175	80	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,390	620	775	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,370	615	760	5	0	0
Cantonese	645	300	340	0	0	0
Hakka	35	20	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	600	260	345	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	345	165	185	5	0	0
Estonian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Finnish	60	35	30	0	5	0
Hungarian	235	110	125	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,650	1,330	1,315	30	15	15
English and French	275	125	150	25	10	10
English and non-official language	2,245	1,155	1,090	5	5	5
French and non-official language	70	25	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	91,100	44,295	46,805	1,115	545	570
Single responses	85,695	41,680	44,010	1,095	540	555
Official languages	77,215	37,630	39,580	1,090	540	555
English	76,790	37,430	39,355	1,025	515	515
French	420	195	225	65	25	40
Non-official languages	8,480	4,050	4,430	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,480	4,050	4,430	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	505	240	265	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	495	235	260	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	450	215	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	560	250	310	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	505	225	285	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	965	465	495	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	30	45	0	0	0
Tamil	865	415	440	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,240	2,515	2,725	5	5	0
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	615	305	315	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	610	300	310	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	170	85	90	0	0	0
Polish	220	110	100	0	0	0
Russian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	15	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	90	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,235	1,555	1,680	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,480	1,180	1,300	0	0	0
Bengali	205	95	110	0	0	0
Gujarati	380	185	195	0	0	0
Hindi	170	85	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	280	135	150	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	1,345	635	710	0	0	0
Iranian languages	755	375	385	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	105	55	50	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	645	315	330	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,035	495	540	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	250	115	140	0	0	0
Portuguese	140	65	80	0	0	0
Romanian	215	95	120	0	0	0
Spanish	430	220	205	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	0	0	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	825	405	425	0	0	0
Chinese languages	825	400	425	0	0	0
Cantonese	365	185	185	0	0	0
Hakka	15	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	420	205	215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,405	2,615	2,790	20	5	10
English and French	220	100	125	10	0	5
English and non-official language	5,060	2,460	2,595	5	5	5
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	45	55	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	91,095	44,295	46,805	1,110	540	570
None	78,330	38,315	40,015	980	485	490
English	4,200	2,060	2,135	35	10	20
French	985	380	610	100	45	55
Non-official language	7,420	3,465	3,955	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,415	3,465	3,950	5	0	0
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	40	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	76,110	36,705	39,410	945	465	480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,150	34,695	37,460	925	455	470
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,466	43,783	34,046	22,581	25,856	19,936
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,175	34,695	37,480	925	455	470
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,500	38,681	30,994	21,696	24,320	19,568
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,940	32,260	33,680	685	355	335
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,490	43,372	32,408	20,032	22,848	15,856
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,545	21,665	27,880	770	365	405
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,953	1,379	4,135	11,088	12,640	10,272
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,195	28,205	27,990	520	275	245
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,511	44,082	35,924	20,992	24,320	17,280
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	76,110	36,705	39,410	975	480	490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,125	34,625	37,505	935	465	470
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,188	59,577	43,444	31,607	37,779	25,448
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,150	34,620	37,525	935	465	470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,519	47,181	36,295	28,330	33,439	23,230
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,865	32,135	33,730	750	395	355
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,986	60,127	42,277	28,422	34,276	21,970
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,265	21,460	27,800	760	360	400
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,776	6,075	7,317	10,895	11,627	10,234
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,195	28,155	28,040	560	290	270
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,172	58,738	43,574	31,811	39,812	23,286
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	76,110	36,700	39,405	975	485	490
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,215	15,155	13,065	185	110	75
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	61,796	66,815	57,580	42,384	48,891	34,093
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	72,771	80,162	64,197	51,499	60,216	38,263
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.0	93.7	87.6	67.7	71.9	61.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.0	80.4	75.0	55.3	59.4	49.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.0	6.3	12.4	32.4	28.0	38.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	76,110	36,700	39,410	945	460	485
Without total income	3,955	2,010	1,950	25	5	20
With total income	72,155	34,690	37,460	925	460	465
Percentage with total income	94.8	94.5	95.1	97.9	100.0	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,270	5,100	6,170	155	70	85
$10,000 to $19,999	10,850	4,620	6,225	245	95	145
$20,000 to $29,999	8,225	3,480	4,745	175	90	80
$30,000 to $39,999	6,800	2,990	3,810	120	50	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,760	2,965	3,795	100	50	45
$50,000 to $59,999	5,875	2,745	3,130	45	30	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,845	2,405	2,435	35	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,015	2,130	1,895	15	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,190	1,780	1,405	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,620	1,435	1,190	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	7,705	5,040	2,665	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	5,180	3,210	1,975	10	10	5
$150,000 and over	2,520	1,830	690	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	76,110	36,700	39,410	945	465	485
Without after-tax income	3,930	2,005	1,925	25	10	20
With after-tax income	72,175	34,695	37,485	925	455	465
Percentage with after-tax income	94.8	94.5	95.1	97.9	97.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,560	5,165	6,395	155	70	90
$10,000 to $19,999	11,320	4,850	6,465	250	100	150
$20,000 to $29,999	9,520	4,090	5,435	200	100	100
$30,000 to $39,999	8,450	3,745	4,705	135	65	65
$40,000 to $49,999	8,225	3,765	4,455	95	50	40
$50,000 to $59,999	6,580	3,240	3,340	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	5,030	2,740	2,285	30	20	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,855	2,130	1,725	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	7,645	4,960	2,680	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,555	1,490	1,065	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,495	935	560	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	3,590	2,535	1,060	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	76,110	36,700	39,410	945	465	485
Without employment income	19,910	8,495	11,420	425	185	240
With employment income	56,195	28,205	27,990	525	280	240
Percentage with employment income	73.8	76.9	71.0	55.6	60.2	49.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,510	3,690	3,820	110	55	50
$5,000 to $9,999	4,235	1,955	2,275	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	6,800	3,220	3,580	90	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	5,050	2,270	2,785	70	35	40
$30,000 to $39,999	4,755	2,105	2,650	60	35	30
$40,000 to $49,999	4,855	2,085	2,770	55	30	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,530	2,145	2,385	25	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,875	1,940	1,935	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,200	1,695	1,500	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	11,390	7,100	4,285	30	25	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,655	1,510	1,145	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,360	1,260	1,095	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	6,375	4,335	2,040	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,701	...	...	42,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,572	...	...	41,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,155	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,918	...	...	20,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,573	...	...	20,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,770	...	...	330	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,881	...	...	55,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,545	...	...	51,072	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	30,915	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	119,411	...	...	56,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	96,886	...	...	50,775	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,155	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,617	...	...	26,962	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,523	...	...	24,811	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,765	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	130,969	...	...	72,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,358	...	...	64,306	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	280	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	465	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	645	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	680	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	775	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	850	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	955	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	870	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,785	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,940	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,955	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,950	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,875	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,405	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,215	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,280	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,220	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,685	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Under $5,000	305	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	290	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	485	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	735	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	760	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	890	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,060	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,100	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,150	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,290	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,525	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,290	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,205	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,200	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,475	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,045	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,680	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,410	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,107	...	...	55,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,819	...	...	51,104	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,750	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,437	...	...	55,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,291	...	...	51,072	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,750	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,499	...	...	81,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,568	...	...	73,472	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,175	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,200	...	...	39,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,524	...	...	39,296	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,375	...	...	330	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	130,445	...	...	72,534	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,825	...	...	64,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,780	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	112,289	...	...	64,601	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,647	...	...	58,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,710	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	154,969	...	...	98,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,546	...	...	85,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,185	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,967	...	...	53,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,557	...	...	49,324	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,880	3,045	3,830	215	110	105
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,589	46,037	40,493	20,309	20,843	19,989
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,749	39,851	36,064	20,309	20,843	19,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	6,880	2,950	3,930	210	100	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	55,521	61,353	51,140	26,363	28,281	24,547
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,098	48,570	42,490	24,393	25,951	22,918
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	90,995	44,260	46,740	1,110	545	570
In the bottom half of the distribution	32,735	15,400	17,335	840	400	440
In the bottom decile	4,895	2,345	2,550	210	100	115
In the second decile	5,960	2,770	3,195	215	100	115
In the third decile	6,485	2,985	3,505	130	70	60
In the fourth decile	7,625	3,580	4,045	145	65	80
In the fifth decile	7,770	3,730	4,040	140	65	75
In the top half of the distribution	58,260	28,855	29,405	270	145	125
In the sixth decile	9,100	4,410	4,690	100	50	45
In the seventh decile	10,285	5,035	5,255	65	30	30
In the eighth decile	11,795	5,830	5,965	50	30	25
In the ninth decile	13,510	6,735	6,780	45	30	20
In the top decile	13,565	6,845	6,720	10	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	90,995	44,255	46,735	1,110	545	570
0 to 17 years	18,540	9,460	9,080	205	100	105
0 to 5 years	5,475	2,785	2,690	70	40	25
18 to 64 years	59,650	28,850	30,800	665	330	340
65 years and over	12,805	5,945	6,860	240	115	125
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,680	3,600	4,080	335	150	185
0 to 17 years	2,310	1,195	1,120	90	40	45
0 to 5 years	665	345	320	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	4,475	2,070	2,405	190	85	105
65 years and over	890	335	555	65	25	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	8.1	8.7	30.2	27.5	32.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.5	12.6	12.3	43.9	40.0	42.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.1	12.4	11.9	42.9	37.5	60.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.2	7.8	28.6	25.8	30.9
65 years and over (%)	7.0	5.6	8.1	27.1	21.7	32.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,780	2,750	3,025	105	50	60
0 to 17 years	1,670	855	810	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	460	230	225	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	3,565	1,680	1,890	85	40	45
65 years and over	540	210	330	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.2	6.5	9.5	9.2	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	9.0	9.0	8.9	9.8	10.0	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	8.3	8.4	14.3	12.5	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	5.8	6.1	12.8	12.1	13.2
65 years and over (%)	4.2	3.5	4.8	2.1	4.3	4.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	90,995	44,260	46,740	1,135	560	570
Official languages	90,055	43,895	46,160	1,130	565	570
English	89,960	43,835	46,120	1,110	555	555
French	6,700	2,690	4,015	410	215	195
Non-official languages	26,295	12,675	13,615	20	0	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	26,295	12,675	13,615	20	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,820	945	880	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	50	30	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,775	915	860	0	0	0
Amharic	95	35	55	0	0	0
Arabic	1,610	845	770	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	60	35	30	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	0	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	210	80	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	75	130	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,195	835	1,360	0	0	0
Bikol	40	15	20	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	20	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	75	40	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	85	40	45	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,070	770	1,295	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	175	85	90	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	120	50	65	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,090	1,040	1,050	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	190	100	90	0	0	0
Tamil	1,840	920	925	0	0	0
Telugu	80	35	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,395	8,625	8,770	20	0	15
Albanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	175	70	100	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,035	970	1,070	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Latvian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,980	950	1,030	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	155	85	70	0	0	0
Czech	100	50	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	735	365	370	0	0	0
Polish	565	245	325	0	0	0
Russian	190	80	110	0	0	0
Serbian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	35	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,400	670	725	0	0	0
Afrikaans	75	30	45	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	345	180	165	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	935	470	470	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	8,550	4,355	4,190	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	6,985	3,605	3,380	0	0	10
Bengali	420	190	230	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,320	700	620	0	0	0
Hindi	1,985	1,050	935	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	10	10	0	0	0
Konkani	125	55	65	0	0	0
Marathi	85	45	40	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,445	700	745	0	0	0
Sindhi	230	120	110	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	430	225	205	0	0	0
Urdu	3,220	1,705	1,515	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,730	845	890	0	0	0
Kurdish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	210	130	80	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,575	755	825	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,395	2,140	2,250	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,735	895	835	15	0	10
Portuguese	655	305	355	0	0	0
Romanian	520	245	275	0	0	0
Spanish	1,625	765	855	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	105	40	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	220	100	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	335	180	155	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	85	55	40	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	85	40	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	160	55	100	0	0	0
American Sign Language	75	25	50	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	35	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,725	825	905	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,705	820	885	0	0	0
Cantonese	910	450	460	0	0	0
Hakka	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	845	395	455	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	10	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	410	200	210	0	0	0
Estonian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Finnish	40	30	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	300	145	155	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	90,995	44,255	46,740	1,130	565	570
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	86,615	42,300	44,315	1,125	560	565
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,200	9,405	8,795	195	105	95
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	68,410	32,895	35,515	925	455	470
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,380	1,955	2,425	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	90,995	44,260	46,735	1,130	560	570
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	59,410	29,640	29,765	1,110	550	555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	31,155	14,435	16,725	25	10	15
Before 1981	11,455	5,280	6,175	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	4,850	2,265	2,580	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	6,775	3,140	3,640	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	6,155	2,915	3,240	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,475	1,670	1,810	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,675	1,245	1,435	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,930	840	1,090	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	430	185	245	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	31,160	14,435	16,725	25	10	15
Under 5 years	3,330	1,630	1,710	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	6,350	3,040	3,305	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	7,955	3,470	4,485	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	11,405	5,430	5,970	10	0	0
45 years and over	2,120	865	1,255	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	31,155	14,435	16,725	25	10	20
Americas	8,970	3,900	5,065	0	0	0
Brazil	45	20	30	0	0	0
Colombia	120	65	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	130	80	50	0	0	0
Guyana	2,215	960	1,255	0	0	0
Haiti	60	35	30	0	0	0
Jamaica	2,700	1,130	1,570	0	0	0
Mexico	80	20	55	0	0	0
Peru	80	40	45	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,510	660	845	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	635	280	355	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,395	615	780	0	0	0
Europe	7,650	3,605	4,045	20	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	15	30	0	0	0
Croatia	70	35	35	0	0	0
France	50	10	35	0	0	0
Germany	555	290	265	10	0	10
Greece	490	245	245	0	0	0
Hungary	180	75	100	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	195	90	100	0	0	0
Italy	700	375	320	10	0	0
Netherlands	165	70	95	0	0	0
Poland	415	185	225	0	0	0
Portugal	345	150	190	0	0	0
Romania	415	180	240	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	15	50	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,980	1,385	1,590	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	860	415	445	0	0	0
Africa	1,720	860	855	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	300	165	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	85	40	45	0	0	0
Kenya	175	90	90	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	150	90	60	0	0	0
Somalia	45	25	25	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	220	100	115	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	710	335	375	0	0	0
Asia	12,690	6,005	6,685	0	0	0
Afghanistan	760	380	380	0	0	0
Bangladesh	295	140	160	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	695	315	380	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	320	150	170	0	0	0
India	2,675	1,365	1,315	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	260	130	130	0	0	0
Iraq	205	95	110	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	180	85	90	0	0	0
Lebanon	280	155	130	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,905	930	970	0	0	0
Philippines	2,195	840	1,355	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,590	770	815	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	80	20	60	0	0	0
Viet Nam	160	70	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	950	500	445	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	130	60	70	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,925	840	1,090	0	0	0
Americas	405	180	220	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	120	65	60	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	155	70	85	0	0	0
Europe	220	100	120	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	70	30	35	0	0	0
Africa	60	45	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,230	515	715	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	15	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	30	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	305	130	180	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	15	20	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	205	100	105	0	0	0
Philippines	185	50	135	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	30	30	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	160	55	105	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	15	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	90,995	44,255	46,735	1,130	565	570
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	32,010	14,860	17,145	25	10	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	28,450	14,170	14,275	115	65	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	30,540	15,225	15,315	995	490	500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20,170	9,360	10,810	10	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,890	4,380	4,515	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,330	2,095	1,235	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,565	2,285	3,275	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	8,145	3,270	4,880	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,005	1,660	1,340	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	130	50	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	90,995	44,255	46,735	1,130	560	570
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,070	525	550	140	90	55
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,040	510	535	145	85	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	550	260	290	25	15	15
Métis	460	235	225	120	75	45
Inuk (Inuit)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	89,925	43,735	46,190	990	470	515
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	90,995	44,260	46,735	1,135	565	570
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	285	135	155	20	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	90,705	44,120	46,580	1,110	550	555
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	90,995	44,255	46,735	1,135	565	570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	175	80	95	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	160	80	80	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	130	55	75	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	20	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,680	825	860	175	95	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,640	800	840	175	95	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,105	525	580	105	55	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	510	260	250	65	40	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	25	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	89,135	43,350	45,790	950	470	480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	90,995	44,255	46,740	1,135	560	570
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	39,050	18,675	20,370	30	15	20
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	13,820	6,945	6,865	10	0	0
Chinese	2,455	1,180	1,275	0	0	0
Black	9,810	4,570	5,245	20	10	10
Filipino	3,410	1,435	1,975	0	0	0
Latin American	1,135	575	560	0	0	0
Arab	1,520	810	715	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	400	160	245	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,580	770	805	0	0	0
Korean	295	130	165	0	0	0
Japanese	310	150	155	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	2,285	990	1,300	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	2,030	970	1,060	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	51,945	25,580	26,370	1,100	545	550
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	90,995	44,255	46,740	1,135	560	570
North American Aboriginal origins	1,855	910	950	185	95	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,275	605	665	115	60	55
Inuit	45	20	25	0	0	0
Métis	600	310	285	70	35	30
Other North American origins	18,875	9,520	9,355	620	300	320
Acadian	90	55	25	0	0	0
American	985	460	525	10	0	0
Canadian	18,040	9,150	8,890	615	295	320
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	100	45	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	60	30	30	15	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	51,170	24,800	26,375	880	460	425
British Isles origins	32,780	15,850	16,930	565	300	265
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	18,615	9,035	9,580	300	160	140
Irish	13,360	6,405	6,950	215	125	85
Manx	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	13,970	6,640	7,330	185	85	105
Welsh	1,400	655	750	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,400	1,105	1,290	35	10	25
French origins	5,270	2,465	2,810	410	215	200
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,275	2,465	2,810	410	210	195
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,020	4,390	4,625	160	80	80
Austrian	590	310	280	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	130	35	90	0	10	0
Dutch	2,530	1,165	1,365	30	10	15
Flemish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	6,225	3,070	3,155	140	70	70
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	305	185	115	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,250	610	645	25	15	10
Danish	250	120	130	0	0	0
Finnish	320	170	145	20	15	0
Icelandic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	330	180	155	0	0	0
Swedish	325	135	190	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	6,675	3,135	3,535	25	10	25
Bulgarian	145	60	90	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	245	120	130	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Estonian	185	90	100	0	0	0
Hungarian	975	450	525	0	0	0
Latvian	145	70	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	165	75	90	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	2,310	1,060	1,245	15	0	20
Romanian	720	335	380	0	0	0
Russian	745	345	400	0	0	10
Slovak	85	35	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,910	905	1,005	15	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	13,865	6,865	7,000	55	30	30
Albanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	285	165	120	0	0	0
Cypriot	120	70	45	0	0	0
Greek	2,270	1,175	1,095	10	0	0
Italian	5,940	2,990	2,945	45	20	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	1,245	620	625	0	0	0
Maltese	285	135	145	0	0	0
Montenegrin	30	15	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,735	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Serbian	160	90	70	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	170	85	95	0	0	0
Spanish	1,705	775	935	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	135	65	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	395	215	175	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	220	110	110	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	100	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	9,955	4,650	5,305	20	10	10
Antiguan	40	35	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Barbadian	765	355	405	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	0	20	0	0	0
Carib	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cuban	130	60	70	0	0	0
Dominican	145	65	80	0	0	0
Grenadian	300	155	145	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	170	85	85	0	0	0
Jamaican	5,515	2,640	2,880	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,740	760	985	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	175	70	105	15	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	1,440	650	785	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	325	155	165	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,715	1,750	1,965	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	45	20	0	0	0
Chilean	60	30	35	0	0	0
Colombian	135	70	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	80	50	35	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	20	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	2,250	1,055	1,190	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	25	35	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	200	70	130	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	60	25	40	0	0	0
Panamanian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Salvadorean	165	110	55	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	170	60	105	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	100	45	55	0	0	0
African origins	3,700	1,765	1,935	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	490	225	270	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Edo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	130	35	95	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	155	80	80	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins	645	320	325	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	445	225	225	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	20	0	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	70	40	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	655	340	315	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	105	50	55	0	0	0
South African	185	95	90	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	70	20	45	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,930	905	1,030	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	325	140	180	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,615	765	860	0	0	0
Asian origins	26,810	12,955	13,850	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,965	2,000	1,970	0	0	0
Afghan	1,265	625	640	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	310	160	155	0	0	0
Armenian	260	125	125	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian	525	260	270	0	0	0
Iraqi	195	95	105	0	0	0
Israeli	70	35	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	45	30	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	650	355	290	0	0	0
Palestinian	300	140	160	0	0	0
Pashtun	30	15	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	235	145	95	0	0	0
Tajik	65	35	25	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	105	35	70	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	190	95	90	0	0	0
South Asian origins	15,145	7,495	7,650	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	170	65	105	0	0	0
Bengali	140	55	80	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10,555	5,235	5,325	10	0	10
Goan	85	50	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,805	945	860	0	0	0
Punjabi	255	140	115	0	0	0
Sinhalese	55	20	45	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	2,030	975	1,055	0	0	0
Tamil	725	370	355	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	875	440	430	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,500	3,870	4,630	0	0	0
Burmese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese	3,915	1,925	1,995	0	0	0
Filipino	3,715	1,565	2,150	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	85	25	60	0	0	0
Japanese	365	165	195	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	310	140	170	0	0	0
Laotian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Mongolian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	95	30	65	0	0	0
Thai	35	20	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	335	145	190	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	70	25	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	150	75	75	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Oceania origins	190	95	95	0	0	0
Australian	145	60	80	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Owner	27,025	...	...	380	...	...
Renter	3,895	...	...	145	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	30,915	...	...	520	...	...
Condominium	4,435	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	26,485	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,435	...	...	95	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,860	...	...	140	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,045	...	...	195	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,530	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,455	...	...	100	...	...
5 rooms	3,820	...	...	135	...	...
6 rooms	4,950	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	4,895	...	...	70	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,805	...	...	115	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
One person or fewer per room	30,405	...	...	510	...	...
More than 1 person per room	515	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Suitable	29,630	...	...	505	...	...
Not suitable	1,290	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
1960 or before	2,375	...	...	250	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,150	...	...	220	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,910	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,635	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,775	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,195	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,880	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,745	...	...	465	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,180	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	30,920	...	...	525	...	...
1 household maintainer	15,460	...	...	375	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,385	...	...	145	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,070	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	30,920	...	...	520	...	...
15 to 24 years	165	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,760	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,145	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,960	...	...	70	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,535	...	...	115	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,505	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,185	...	...	60	...	...
85 years and over	665	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,820	...	...	520	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,060	...	...	375	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,755	...	...	150	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,850	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,990	...	...	380	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.0	...	...	43.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.2	...	...	22.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,671	...	...	634	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,714	...	...	793	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	550,323	...	...	90,008	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	584,044	...	...	116,757	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,875	...	...	145	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.7	...	...	39.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.8	...	...	42.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,376	...	...	651	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,359	...	...	629	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,110	36,700	39,405	970	485	490
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,375	5,210	5,165	360	190	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,125	10,775	11,355	265	130	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,610	20,720	22,890	345	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,520	3,250	1,270	105	75	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,210	1,370	840	55	35	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,315	1,880	430	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,970	7,810	10,165	195	80	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,960	975	985	15	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,160	8,685	10,470	40	10	25
Bachelor's degree	14,020	6,225	7,790	35	10	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,405	645	760	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	405	195	210	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,015	1,425	1,590	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	305	190	120	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	50,385	23,920	26,470	570	275	295
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,490	1,900	1,585	160	90	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,620	6,200	6,430	145	70	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,275	15,825	18,455	270	120	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,950	2,100	850	60	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,410	825	580	35	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,545	1,270	270	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,145	6,045	8,095	170	60	105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,375	695	680	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,805	6,980	8,820	35	10	20
Bachelor's degree	11,485	4,990	6,495	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,135	495	640	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	160	185	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,585	1,185	1,400	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	255	155	105	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,110	36,705	39,410	975	485	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,500	15,980	16,515	625	315	310
Education	2,345	500	1,840	0	0	0
13. Education	2,340	500	1,840	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,660	760	905	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	320	240	85	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,340	520	820	0	0	0
Humanities	2,305	840	1,465	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	175	40	135	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	575	120	460	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	710	220	490	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	30	15	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	80	75	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	130	80	0	0	0
54. History	380	225	155	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	0	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,995	1,740	4,245	25	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	0	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	610	240	375	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,070	55	1,015	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,015	230	785	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	25	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	935	220	715	15	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,175	975	1,195	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,020	4,640	6,380	100	40	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	730	155	575	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,270	4,480	5,785	90	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,765	770	990	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	720	285	435	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	485	185	300	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	425	265	160	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	30	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,320	1,555	765	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,015	1,420	595	0	0	0
25. Library science	35	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	240	115	125	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,230	7,600	635	95	90	0
04. Architecture and related services	345	255	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,085	1,810	270	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,890	1,695	195	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,635	1,610	25	20	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,510	1,485	25	40	40	0
48. Precision production	770	745	25	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	420	225	200	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	225	130	95	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	100	105	15	0	0
Health and related fields	5,475	1,050	4,425	75	0	70
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	625	280	345	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,730	720	4,010	75	10	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	50	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,080	1,040	1,040	25	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,070	305	770	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	675	450	225	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	280	45	15	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	50,390	23,920	26,470	575	275	295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,115	8,100	8,015	300	155	145
Education	1,775	325	1,445	0	0	0
13. Education	1,770	330	1,445	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	235	175	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,045	400	645	0	0	0
Humanities	1,780	625	1,155	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	150	30	120	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	445	80	360	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	165	385	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	70	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	100	55	0	0	0
54. History	270	160	110	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,820	1,380	3,440	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	10	60	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	505	205	295	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	815	35	775	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	870	180	690	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	715	135	580	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,775	800	970	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,965	3,670	5,295	100	35	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	580	105	470	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,370	3,560	4,805	80	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,375	585	790	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	535	210	325	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	145	250	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	345	200	145	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	15	75	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,050	1,335	710	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,800	1,245	555	0	0	0
25. Library science	30	10	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	200	85	115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,120	5,575	545	60	55	10
04. Architecture and related services	265	195	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,695	1,455	235	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,435	1,265	170	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,130	1,105	25	10	0	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,080	1,060	20	25	25	0
48. Precision production	515	490	25	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	345	170	180	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	90	85	0	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	80	95	10	0	0
Health and related fields	4,265	845	3,420	55	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	480	220	260	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,685	585	3,095	50	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	40	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,500	735	765	15	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	775	205	570	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	480	310	170	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	245	215	30	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,110	36,700	39,410	975	485	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,500	15,980	16,520	625	315	310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	43,610	20,720	22,890	345	170	180
Location of study inside Canada	34,780	16,310	18,470	345	170	180
Same as province or territory of residence	32,940	15,410	17,525	345	165	180
Different than province or territory of residence	1,845	900	945	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,830	4,410	4,425	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,110	585	520	0	0	0
Philippines	1,005	350	660	0	0	0
India	1,225	600	625	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,080	640	440	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	195	85	110	0	0	0
France	55	10	45	0	0	0
Other	4,160	2,130	2,030	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	50,385	23,920	26,470	570	275	295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,115	8,095	8,015	300	160	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,275	15,820	18,455	270	120	155
Location of study inside Canada	27,670	12,670	15,000	270	120	155
Same as province or territory of residence	26,265	11,990	14,275	270	120	150
Different than province or territory of residence	1,405	680	725	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,605	3,155	3,455	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	895	460	435	0	0	0
Philippines	790	255	535	0	0	0
India	1,045	505	540	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	465	275	190	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	185	75	110	0	0	0
France	55	10	40	0	0	0
Other	3,170	1,560	1,605	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	76,110	36,700	39,410	975	485	490
In the labour force	51,835	26,340	25,500	465	250	220
Employed	47,690	24,200	23,490	415	210	200
Unemployed	4,145	2,135	2,010	55	40	10
Not in the labour force	24,275	10,365	13,910	510	230	270
Participation rate	68.1	71.8	64.7	47.7	51.5	44.9
Employment rate	62.7	65.9	59.6	42.6	43.3	40.8
Unemployment rate	8.0	8.1	7.9	11.8	16.0	4.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	76,105	36,705	39,405	975	485	490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	23,070	9,880	13,195	460	215	245
Worked	53,035	26,825	26,215	515	265	250
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	28,950	15,640	13,310	185	110	70
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,095	11,185	12,905	335	155	175
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.7	42.7	38.0	37.9	38.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	51,835	26,340	25,500	465	250	215
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,390	685	710	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,445	25,650	24,790	460	245	215
Employee	45,015	22,085	22,925	440	230	205
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,430	3,565	1,865	20	15	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	51,835	26,335	25,500	470	250	215
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,395	690	705	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,445	25,650	24,790	460	245	215
0 Management occupations	6,500	3,845	2,660	15	0	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,895	2,920	6,975	45	15	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,995	3,080	915	15	15	0
3 Health occupations	2,880	540	2,340	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,970	1,695	4,275	45	15	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,690	860	830	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,095	5,200	5,895	155	65	85
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,400	6,025	370	105	100	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	495	125	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,400	995	405	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	51,835	26,335	25,495	470	250	215
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,395	690	705	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,445	25,650	24,790	465	245	220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	85	90	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	35	30	25	25	0
22 Utilities	730	505	220	10	10	0
23 Construction	3,960	3,490	470	55	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,470	2,395	1,075	20	15	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,190	1,410	785	15	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,690	2,880	2,805	85	35	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,330	1,755	580	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,790	1,005	785	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,600	1,930	2,670	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,130	590	545	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,400	2,195	2,210	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	185	70	120	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,520	1,465	1,055	15	15	0
61 Educational services	3,980	1,180	2,800	20	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	5,050	825	4,230	70	10	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,055	545	515	10	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	2,440	1,020	1,420	35	20	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,035	960	1,075	30	20	15
91 Public administration	2,640	1,315	1,320	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	47,685	24,200	23,485	415	210	200
Worked at home	3,235	1,615	1,615	10	10	0
Worked outside Canada	200	125	75	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,970	4,490	1,480	45	35	10
Worked at usual place	38,285	17,970	20,320	360	170	185
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	38,285	17,970	20,315	360	165	190
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,500	3,010	4,490	35	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,535	2,060	2,470	305	135	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	26,175	12,845	13,330	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	75	45	30	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	44,260	22,460	21,800	400	200	200
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,980	17,940	15,045	295	175	120
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,605	935	1,670	55	15	40
Public transit	6,960	2,885	4,075	35	10	30
Walked	1,055	420	630	10	0	0
Bicycle	115	85	30	0	0	0
Other method	545	195	350	0	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	44,255	22,460	21,795	405	205	200
Less than 15 minutes	6,715	2,690	4,025	95	40	55
15 to 29 minutes	10,555	5,180	5,370	175	85	95
30 to 44 minutes	10,020	5,415	4,605	65	25	40
45 to 59 minutes	7,000	3,810	3,190	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	9,960	5,360	4,605	40	40	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	44,255	22,460	21,800	405	200	200
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,375	2,475	905	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,010	4,655	3,355	50	25	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,705	5,805	6,905	125	65	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,525	3,705	4,815	60	0	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,500	2,460	3,035	35	15	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,140	3,360	2,780	100	60	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	54,575	27,530	27,050	540	285	255
Single responses	53,985	27,270	26,725	510	275	240
Official languages	53,640	27,075	26,565	505	270	240
English	53,450	27,040	26,410	495	255	240
French	190	35	155	15	15	0
Non-official languages	345	190	160	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	350	185	160	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	20	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	20	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	35	50	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	25	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	10	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	95	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages	165	95	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	65	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590	265	325	30	10	20
English and French	250	90	160	25	10	20
English and non-official language	330	175	155	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	54,580	27,530	27,045	540	280	255
None	52,815	26,670	26,145	415	215	195
English	260	110	150	15	15	0
French	635	260	380	110	50	55
Non-official language	820	465	360	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	825	465	355	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,035	43,745	46,290	1,125	560	565
Non-movers	81,515	39,580	41,935	1,000	505	500
Movers	8,525	4,160	4,360	120	55	65
Non-migrants	3,325	1,605	1,715	30	0	25
Migrants	5,200	2,560	2,640	95	50	40
Internal migrants	4,750	2,360	2,390	90	50	40
Intraprovincial migrants	4,495	2,225	2,270	90	50	40
Interprovincial migrants	255	130	125	0	0	0
External migrants	455	200	250	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	86,455	41,975	44,475	1,095	535	555
Non-movers	59,055	28,820	30,240	740	375	365
Movers	27,395	13,160	14,235	355	160	195
Non-migrants	10,160	4,740	5,420	115	50	60
Migrants	17,230	8,415	8,815	245	115	130
Internal migrants	15,415	7,595	7,825	240	110	125
Intraprovincial migrants	14,960	7,360	7,600	230	110	115
Interprovincial migrants	460	235	225	10	0	10
External migrants	1,815	825	990	10	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pickering, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pickering, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cobalt [Population centre], Ontario