Census Profile, 2016 Census
Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Uxbridge, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Lambton, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	21,176	...	...	126,638	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	20,623	...	...	126,199	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.7	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	7,946	...	...	59,777	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,663	...	...	54,481	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	50.3	...	...	42.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	420.95	...	...	3,002.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	21,180	10,415	10,760	126,640	62,000	64,640
0 to 14 years	3,315	1,710	1,605	19,600	9,955	9,650
0 to 4 years	875	435	440	6,130	3,130	3,000
5 to 9 years	1,105	585	520	6,890	3,475	3,415
10 to 14 years	1,340	695	645	6,590	3,350	3,240
15 to 64 years	14,110	6,990	7,115	79,745	39,510	40,235
15 to 19 years	1,550	835	710	6,945	3,570	3,370
20 to 24 years	1,370	715	655	7,430	3,880	3,555
25 to 29 years	955	495	460	7,085	3,585	3,500
30 to 34 years	895	435	460	7,015	3,525	3,485
35 to 39 years	940	460	475	6,730	3,280	3,445
40 to 44 years	1,250	585	665	6,830	3,380	3,450
45 to 49 years	1,595	730	865	7,345	3,615	3,725
50 to 54 years	2,050	980	1,070	9,455	4,475	4,980
55 to 59 years	1,965	1,015	955	10,680	5,195	5,485
60 to 64 years	1,535	740	795	10,235	5,000	5,240
65 years and over	3,750	1,715	2,040	27,295	12,535	14,755
65 to 69 years	1,215	615	605	8,910	4,335	4,570
70 to 74 years	840	395	445	6,595	3,215	3,380
75 to 79 years	695	300	395	4,655	2,135	2,520
80 to 84 years	505	225	285	3,575	1,580	1,995
85 years and over	490	175	315	3,560	1,265	2,295
85 to 89 years	335	125	205	2,295	915	1,380
90 to 94 years	130	45	80	1,015	305	715
95 to 99 years	25	5	25	215	40	170
100 years and over	5	0	0	35	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.4	14.9	15.5	16.1	14.9
15 to 64 years	66.6	67.1	66.1	63.0	63.7	62.2
65 years and over	17.7	16.5	19.0	21.6	20.2	22.8
85 years and over	2.3	1.7	2.9	2.8	2.0	3.6
Average age of the population	42.7	41.6	43.8	43.9	42.8	44.8
Median age of the population	46.0	44.7	47.0	46.1	44.8	47.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
Single-detached house	6,320	...	...	41,285	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	85	...	...	3,920	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,255	...	...	9,085	...	...
Semi-detached house	110	...	...	1,530	...	...
Row house	375	...	...	2,440	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	135	...	...	970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	3,975	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	165	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 person	1,415	...	...	16,165	...	...
2 persons	2,665	...	...	21,270	...	...
3 persons	1,310	...	...	7,200	...	...
4 persons	1,445	...	...	6,430	...	...
5 or more persons	825	...	...	3,415	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,970	...	...	124,600	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,860	8,705	9,155	107,035	52,045	54,990
Married or living common law	11,215	5,600	5,615	64,180	32,080	32,100
Married	9,730	4,860	4,870	54,425	27,205	27,225
Living common law	1,490	740	745	9,755	4,875	4,880
Not married and not living common law	6,650	3,110	3,540	42,855	19,960	22,890
Never married	4,345	2,385	1,960	25,380	14,045	11,335
Separated	460	200	255	3,410	1,500	1,910
Divorced	855	320	530	6,425	2,800	3,625
Widowed	995	200	790	7,640	1,625	6,020
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,300	...	...	37,420	...	...
2 persons	2,930	...	...	21,525	...	...
3 persons	1,325	...	...	7,000	...	...
4 persons	1,435	...	...	6,055	...	...
5 or more persons	610	...	...	2,840	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,300	...	...	37,420	...	...
Total couple families	5,545	...	...	31,585	...	...
Married couples	4,800	...	...	26,705	...	...
Common-law couples	745	...	...	4,875	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	755	...	...	5,840	...	...
Female parent	585	...	...	4,535	...	...
Male parent	170	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,545	...	...	31,585	...	...
Couples without children	2,480	...	...	18,035	...	...
Couples with children	3,065	...	...	13,550	...	...
1 child	1,100	...	...	5,340	...	...
2 children	1,375	...	...	5,525	...	...
3 or more children	595	...	...	2,680	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	755	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 child	455	...	...	3,485	...	...
2 children	225	...	...	1,660	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,180	915	1,265	21,070	10,125	10,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,665	...	...	54,485	...	...
One-census-family households	5,870	...	...	36,340	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,285	...	...	17,650	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,580	...	...	18,685	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	210	...	...	535	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,580	...	...	17,605	...	...
One-person households	1,420	...	...	16,165	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	165	...	...	1,445	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,985	10,340	10,645	125,220	61,490	63,725
English only	19,370	9,710	9,660	117,040	57,970	59,065
French only	0	0	5	45	25	25
English and French	1,560	605	950	7,850	3,385	4,465
Neither English nor French	55	25	35	290	115	175
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,985	10,340	10,645	125,220	61,495	63,730
English	20,740	10,250	10,490	122,680	60,365	62,320
French	170	65	110	2,135	970	1,175
English and French	30	10	15	125	60	65
Neither English nor French	55	20	30	275	110	170
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	185	70	120	2,200	995	1,205
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.7	1.1	1.8	1.6	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,985	10,340	10,645	125,220	61,495	63,725
Single responses	20,800	10,255	10,545	124,150	60,980	63,170
Official languages	19,085	9,430	9,660	115,985	56,995	58,995
English	18,910	9,370	9,540	113,625	55,925	57,700
French	180	65	115	2,360	1,070	1,295
Non-official languages	1,710	830	890	8,165	3,990	4,180
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	140	60	80
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	135	60	75
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	125	60	70
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,715	825	885	8,030	3,925	4,105
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	265	140	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	260	140	120
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	35	20	15	215	115	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	75	35	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	5	5	0	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	15	35	245	90	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	205	75	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	140	90	50
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	40	15
Tamil	75	40	35	40	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	35	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	1,235	610	630	6,470	3,165	3,300
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Armenian	20	10	5	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	220	100	115	950	425	520
Baltic languages	10	5	10	35	20	15
Latvian	5	0	5	15	5	15
Lithuanian	5	0	0	20	10	5
Slavic languages	210	100	110	915	410	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Croatian	15	5	5	70	35	30
Czech	10	0	5	75	30	50
Macedonian	30	10	15	10	5	0
Polish	65	30	35	385	170	215
Russian	40	20	20	75	30	50
Serbian	0	5	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	10	0	5	125	60	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	15	10	5
Ukrainian	25	15	15	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	5	0	5	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	430	190	245	2,550	1,215	1,335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	5	10
Danish	15	5	5	45	25	20
Dutch	125	55	70	1,505	715	790
Frisian	10	5	5	50	25	25
German	265	120	150	860	410	450
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Yiddish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	70	35	30	210	115	90
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	55	770	420	355
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	680	370	310
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gujarati	25	10	15	270	145	130
Hindi	5	0	5	115	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	5	5	5	25	15	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	120	65	50
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	110	55	55
Iranian languages	40	25	15	85	45	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	40	25	15	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	390	220	180	1,945	965	985
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	225	125	95	980	520	460
Portuguese	65	40	25	440	215	225
Romanian	25	10	15	55	20	35
Spanish	80	40	40	465	210	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Japanese	10	5	5	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	105	40	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	50	35	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	25	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	70	100	405	195	210
Chinese languages	175	70	105	380	180	200
Cantonese	60	25	35	155	85	75
Hakka	0	5	0	0	5	5
Mandarin	90	35	55	185	80	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	10	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Lao	5	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	5	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkish	5	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	175	80	90
Estonian	20	10	10	10	5	5
Finnish	20	15	10	40	20	20
Hungarian	50	25	25	120	60	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	185	85	100	1,070	510	555
English and French	45	20	25	345	150	195
English and non-official language	125	60	70	670	340	335
French and non-official language	5	5	5	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,985	10,340	10,645	125,220	61,490	63,725
Single responses	20,730	10,230	10,500	123,810	60,835	62,975
Official languages	20,285	10,020	10,265	121,400	59,675	61,725
English	20,240	10,005	10,240	120,835	59,430	61,400
French	40	15	30	565	250	320
Non-official languages	445	215	235	2,410	1,155	1,255
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	5	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	450	210	235	2,390	1,145	1,245
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	115	55	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	115	55	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	100	40	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	90	45	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	75	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	20	80	55	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tamil	45	25	20	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	230	105	120	1,650	770	880
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	165	80	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	165	75	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	15	70	35	35
Russian	15	5	10	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	20	310	140	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	95	45	55
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	25	15	15	175	80	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	10	5	5	85	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	15	420	220	195
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	385	205	180
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	5	5	0	185	95	90
Hindi	0	0	0	55	35	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	65	40	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	50	25	25
Iranian languages	25	10	15	40	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	30	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	45	665	280	375
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	255	100	155
Portuguese	10	5	5	165	65	100
Romanian	15	5	5	15	10	10
Spanish	30	10	20	225	110	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	15	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	70	35	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	240	120	125
Chinese languages	100	40	55	225	115	115
Cantonese	25	15	10	90	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	40	125	70	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	25	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	250	110	145	1,415	655	750
English and French	30	10	20	140	55	85
English and non-official language	215	100	115	1,235	585	650
French and non-official language	0	5	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,990	10,340	10,645	125,220	61,490	63,730
None	19,930	9,875	10,060	118,985	58,630	60,350
English	235	110	130	1,335	645	685
French	190	70	120	1,725	705	1,025
Non-official language	620	280	340	3,075	1,465	1,615
Aboriginal	0	0	5	310	130	180
Non-Aboriginal	615	280	335	2,765	1,330	1,430
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	5	5	0	30	15	15
French and non-official language	5	5	5	60	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,655	8,630	9,030	105,015	51,290	53,725
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,000	8,285	8,720	101,305	49,730	51,575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,625	48,761	32,435	34,668	46,561	26,672
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,005	8,280	8,720	101,385	49,735	51,650
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,272	42,295	29,487	31,444	41,147	24,636
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,040	7,890	8,150	90,945	45,660	45,280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,948	46,950	28,571	31,868	43,789	22,749
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,395	5,000	6,395	75,615	34,705	40,905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,094	2,184	4,838	7,964	8,140	7,852
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,260	6,785	6,470	71,905	38,720	33,190
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,224	44,819	29,960	29,992	38,608	24,043
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,660	8,630	9,025	105,015	51,295	53,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,065	8,330	8,735	101,140	49,640	51,500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,121	69,132	43,714	48,249	61,492	35,485
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,070	8,330	8,740	101,280	49,645	51,640
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,519	53,294	36,155	39,685	49,340	30,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,000	7,900	8,100	90,815	45,605	45,205
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,867	68,679	41,396	46,381	60,342	32,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,420	4,980	6,440	75,725	34,630	41,095
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,981	6,666	7,224	8,820	8,676	8,942
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,255	6,850	6,410	71,905	38,635	33,275
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,185	66,026	41,536	44,895	55,403	32,695
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,660	8,630	9,025	105,015	51,295	53,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,500	3,765	2,735	31,530	18,265	13,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	64,270	71,553	54,113	54,094	66,602	43,059
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	80,738	92,170	65,016	69,297	81,887	51,967
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.6	93.9	88.1	86.4	90.3	79.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.4	76.4	68.9	65.9	69.9	59.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.4	6.0	11.9	13.6	9.7	20.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,660	8,630	9,030	105,015	51,295	53,720
Without total income	655	350	310	3,710	1,560	2,150
With total income	17,005	8,280	8,720	101,305	49,730	51,580
Percentage with total income	96.3	95.9	96.6	96.5	96.9	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,390	1,020	1,365	13,990	5,485	8,510
$10,000 to $19,999	2,495	970	1,525	16,780	5,965	10,815
$20,000 to $29,999	2,030	805	1,225	14,270	5,175	9,095
$30,000 to $39,999	1,655	735	920	11,510	4,920	6,590
$40,000 to $49,999	1,535	690	845	10,190	5,000	5,190
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	645	640	7,675	4,345	3,335
$60,000 to $69,999	1,050	575	475	6,075	3,760	2,310
$70,000 to $79,999	875	495	375	4,555	3,000	1,550
$80,000 to $89,999	760	420	340	3,445	2,280	1,160
$90,000 to $99,999	660	370	290	3,045	1,965	1,075
$100,000 and over	2,285	1,565	725	9,775	7,835	1,940
$100,000 to $149,999	1,400	920	480	6,340	4,945	1,390
$150,000 and over	890	645	245	3,435	2,890	550
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,655	8,630	9,030	105,015	51,290	53,725
Without after-tax income	650	345	305	3,630	1,560	2,070
With after-tax income	17,005	8,280	8,720	101,385	49,735	51,650
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	95.9	96.6	96.5	97.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,490	1,045	1,445	14,740	5,580	9,165
$10,000 to $19,999	2,640	1,045	1,600	17,555	6,250	11,305
$20,000 to $29,999	2,325	945	1,385	16,370	6,180	10,190
$30,000 to $39,999	2,010	910	1,105	13,500	6,140	7,365
$40,000 to $49,999	1,825	870	950	11,050	5,925	5,125
$50,000 to $59,999	1,370	750	625	8,170	5,055	3,110
$60,000 to $69,999	1,135	655	475	5,605	3,765	1,840
$70,000 to $79,999	950	540	410	4,580	3,080	1,505
$80,000 and over	2,260	1,530	730	9,815	7,765	2,055
$80,000 to $89,999	635	390	245	2,945	2,145	800
$90,000 to $99,999	420	285	140	1,965	1,520	440
$100,000 and over	1,200	850	345	4,905	4,095	810
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,660	8,630	9,030	105,015	51,290	53,720
Without employment income	4,400	1,845	2,560	33,110	12,575	20,535
With employment income	13,255	6,785	6,475	71,905	38,720	33,185
Percentage with employment income	75.1	78.6	71.7	68.5	75.5	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,020	995	1,030	13,530	7,665	5,865
$5,000 to $9,999	1,170	480	690	5,845	2,415	3,430
$10,000 to $19,999	1,595	725	870	8,940	3,605	5,340
$20,000 to $29,999	1,155	505	645	7,635	3,095	4,540
$30,000 to $39,999	1,060	475	585	7,050	2,990	4,060
$40,000 to $49,999	1,010	450	555	5,680	2,820	2,860
$50,000 to $59,999	880	425	450	4,405	2,465	1,940
$60,000 to $69,999	735	400	330	3,420	2,130	1,290
$70,000 to $79,999	650	380	270	2,775	1,855	920
$80,000 and over	2,985	1,950	1,035	12,630	9,685	2,945
$80,000 to $89,999	570	315	255	2,420	1,600	820
$90,000 to $99,999	550	300	250	2,450	1,585	865
$100,000 and over	1,860	1,330	530	7,765	6,505	1,260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,991	...	...	70,022	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,634	...	...	61,663	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,415	...	...	16,165	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,856	...	...	35,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,030	...	...	32,161	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,245	...	...	38,320	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,749	...	...	87,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,280	...	...	76,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,665	...	...	54,485	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	124,982	...	...	89,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	99,170	...	...	73,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,400	...	...	16,150	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,502	...	...	46,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,380	...	...	38,902	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,265	...	...	38,330	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	140,047	...	...	107,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,955	...	...	88,468	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,660	...	...	54,485	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	810	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1,625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	2,040	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	2,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	2,110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	2,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	240	...	...	2,400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	2,340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	2,210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	460	...	...	4,240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	3,940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	420	...	...	3,650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	3,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	440	...	...	2,875	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,800	...	...	17,330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	905	...	...	5,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	735	...	...	3,745	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	970	...	...	4,270	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,185	...	...	3,625	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	825	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	1,655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	2,120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	2,760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	2,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	2,730	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	275	...	...	2,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	290	...	...	2,585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	530	...	...	5,065	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	545	...	...	4,560	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	535	...	...	4,310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	535	...	...	3,565	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	470	...	...	3,025	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,075	...	...	12,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	985	...	...	5,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	705	...	...	3,120	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,380	...	...	4,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,155	...	...	37,255	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,182	...	...	88,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,922	...	...	76,937	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,240	...	...	17,380	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,302	...	...	81,933	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,944	...	...	71,589	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,080	...	...	13,700	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	146,665	...	...	119,313	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,445	...	...	101,252	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	680	...	...	5,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,888	...	...	46,555	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,464	...	...	44,275	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,175	...	...	37,260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	139,798	...	...	108,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,609	...	...	88,891	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,245	...	...	17,405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,266	...	...	100,338	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,985	...	...	82,254	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,090	...	...	13,685	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	172,272	...	...	138,587	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,485	...	...	112,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	690	...	...	5,485	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	83,935	...	...	60,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,328	...	...	52,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,785	770	1,010	19,270	9,330	9,940
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,864	41,024	34,261	32,937	36,764	30,212
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,223	36,070	31,376	29,996	32,872	27,985
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,750	800	950	19,255	9,395	9,855
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,035	62,539	46,884	43,619	49,172	38,325
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,994	49,223	39,597	36,728	40,280	33,342
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	20,970	10,335	10,635	124,600	61,235	63,365
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,740	3,190	3,545	58,705	27,595	31,110
In the bottom decile	995	495	505	11,580	5,515	6,060
In the second decile	1,255	545	710	11,710	5,050	6,655
In the third decile	1,330	615	715	11,765	5,465	6,300
In the fourth decile	1,390	660	730	11,480	5,520	5,960
In the fifth decile	1,770	880	890	12,175	6,045	6,130
In the top half of the distribution	14,230	7,145	7,085	65,895	33,640	32,255
In the sixth decile	1,990	985	1,005	12,440	6,230	6,210
In the seventh decile	2,300	1,125	1,180	13,365	6,730	6,635
In the eighth decile	2,570	1,310	1,255	13,305	6,790	6,515
In the ninth decile	3,320	1,645	1,670	13,645	7,045	6,600
In the top decile	4,060	2,085	1,980	13,140	6,850	6,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	20,975	10,340	10,635	121,370	59,655	61,715
0 to 17 years	4,245	2,205	2,030	22,880	11,675	11,205
0 to 5 years	1,085	545	540	7,190	3,685	3,505
18 to 64 years	13,140	6,470	6,665	73,230	36,155	37,075
65 years and over	3,595	1,660	1,935	25,250	11,820	13,430
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,560	730	830	15,825	7,095	8,725
0 to 17 years	335	170	165	3,950	1,975	1,980
0 to 5 years	85	35	45	1,425	710	715
18 to 64 years	905	435	470	9,460	4,325	5,130
65 years and over	320	125	195	2,420	795	1,625
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.4	7.1	7.8	13.0	11.9	14.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	7.7	8.1	17.3	16.9	17.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	6.4	8.3	19.8	19.3	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	6.7	7.1	12.9	12.0	13.8
65 years and over (%)	8.9	7.5	10.1	9.6	6.7	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	590	305	285	7,655	3,715	3,940
0 to 17 years	95	50	45	1,660	800	855
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	600	285	315
18 to 64 years	430	225	205	5,580	2,755	2,825
65 years and over	60	25	30	420	160	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.7	6.3	6.2	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.2	7.3	6.9	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.8	2.8	8.3	7.7	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.5	3.1	7.6	7.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.4	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	20,975	10,340	10,630	124,600	61,235	63,360
Official languages	20,910	10,310	10,600	124,310	61,090	63,220
English	20,910	10,310	10,600	124,270	61,080	63,190
French	1,520	575	945	7,865	3,455	4,410
Non-official languages	2,120	1,005	1,115	10,680	5,175	5,505
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	575	240	335
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	565	240	330
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	565	235	325
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	555	230	325
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,120	1,005	1,115	10,115	4,940	5,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	525	300	220
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	515	290	225
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arabic	70	35	30	450	250	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	45	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	375	145	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	10	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	35	345	120	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	10	0	10	40	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	20	20	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	180	140	40
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	60	20
Tamil	10	10	0	45	35	10
Telugu	0	0	0	70	60	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,630	795	840	7,960	3,865	4,090
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	25	20	10	15	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	255	115	140	1,050	455	595
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	255	115	140	1,025	450	570
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Croatian	20	10	15	60	20	35
Czech	0	0	0	75	35	40
Macedonian	35	15	15	25	20	10
Polish	75	40	40	435	195	240
Russian	75	35	35	140	55	90
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	140	45	90
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	15	25	20	0
Ukrainian	15	10	15	130	55	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	10	35	35	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	550	250	300	2,855	1,380	1,475
Afrikaans	15	15	0	30	15	15
Danish	25	10	15	20	10	15
Dutch	140	65	75	1,560	755	805
Frisian	15	0	15	75	45	30
German	365	170	200	1,150	555	590
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Swedish	10	0	0	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	115	55	60	275	155	120
Indo-Iranian languages	120	55	65	1,030	565	470
Indo-Aryan languages	70	30	35	930	510	420
Bengali	0	0	0	50	25	20
Gujarati	25	10	20	345	200	145
Hindi	50	20	25	505	290	215
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	180	80	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	0	190	90	100
Iranian languages	65	30	35	110	60	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	30	35	90	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	595	305	295	2,810	1,350	1,455
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	240	170	75	1,210	595	615
Portuguese	70	35	30	475	205	270
Romanian	30	15	15	70	20	45
Spanish	270	105	165	1,125	545	570
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	115	90	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15	110	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	175	90	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	50	70
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	130	55	85
American Sign Language	20	10	15	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	90	40	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	65	110	460	205	260
Chinese languages	175	60	110	420	185	235
Cantonese	90	30	65	160	80	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	50	235	95	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	45	35	180	90	90
Estonian	20	10	10	0	10	0
Finnish	20	20	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	40	20	20	150	75	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	20,975	10,340	10,635	124,595	61,235	63,360
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,385	10,045	10,340	121,400	59,795	61,610
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,180	2,170	2,010	23,420	11,970	11,450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,205	7,875	8,330	97,980	47,820	50,155
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	590	290	295	3,195	1,445	1,755
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	20,970	10,340	10,635	124,595	61,235	63,365
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,280	9,040	9,245	111,465	55,060	56,405
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,660	1,290	1,375	12,390	5,690	6,700
Before 1981	1,540	785	750	7,870	3,755	4,115
1981 to 1990	330	120	210	1,330	500	830
1991 to 2000	375	165	210	1,150	515	640
2001 to 2010	305	145	165	1,395	625	775
2001 to 2005	155	55	100	660	295	365
2006 to 2010	150	90	65	740	330	415
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	115	65	50	635	300	340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	15	10	740	480	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,660	1,285	1,375	12,390	5,690	6,700
Under 5 years	420	220	210	1,740	825	920
5 to 14 years	585	290	295	2,585	1,270	1,315
15 to 24 years	720	350	370	3,280	1,445	1,840
25 to 44 years	790	350	435	4,180	1,870	2,310
45 years and over	140	75	70	600	285	315
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,660	1,285	1,375	12,390	5,695	6,695
Americas	450	205	235	2,355	805	1,550
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	55	25	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	105	50	50
Guyana	60	20	35	20	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaica	90	50	40	170	90	85
Mexico	25	10	10	150	65	80
Peru	30	20	15	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	20	0	75	35	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	65	90	1,510	395	1,115
Other places of birth in Americas	60	20	35	250	130	125
Europe	1,655	795	860	7,660	3,760	3,905
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	20	0	15
Croatia	15	10	0	25	10	20
France	15	10	10	65	35	30
Germany	165	65	95	525	220	305
Greece	40	15	25	160	90	75
Hungary	35	15	20	130	70	60
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	0	155	70	80
Italy	115	70	45	730	390	335
Netherlands	135	75	60	1,325	695	630
Poland	35	20	20	250	100	155
Portugal	60	35	25	280	120	155
Romania	30	15	15	80	25	55
Russian Federation	45	25	20	50	25	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	30	15	10
Ukraine	15	10	10	30	0	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	805	370	435	3,260	1,615	1,650
Other places of birth in Europe	125	60	60	550	270	280
Africa	80	55	25	355	185	165
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	10	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	40	15	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	225	120	110
Asia	460	220	240	1,980	915	1,065
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	15	35	230	60	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	65	25	45	45	25	20
India	50	25	30	460	235	225
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	20	20	75	45	30
Iraq	0	0	10	175	105	70
Japan	10	10	0	20	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	15	10	85	35	50
Lebanon	10	10	0	50	20	25
Pakistan	20	15	0	135	60	80
Philippines	55	20	35	315	120	190
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	20	15	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	40	20	20
Taiwan	0	10	0	10	0	15
Viet Nam	25	0	15	70	25	40
Other places of birth in Asia	75	50	30	230	120	110
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	15	40	25	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	115	70	45	635	295	340
Americas	35	20	15	185	95	85
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	10	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	20	0
Mexico	15	10	0	25	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	0	105	30	75
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	20	15	10	110	40	70
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	50	20	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	80	55	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	20	25
Asia	55	30	30	265	110	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	0	65	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	15
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Philippines	30	15	20	45	15	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	20,970	10,340	10,630	124,600	61,235	63,365
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,765	1,325	1,440	13,705	6,455	7,255
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,605	2,275	2,330	19,950	9,845	10,110
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	13,600	6,740	6,865	90,940	44,940	46,000
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,150	505	640	4,685	2,000	2,685
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	595	285	315	1,865	950	910
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	230	140	95	685	505	180
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	365	140	220	1,175	445	730
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	435	160	275	2,210	750	1,460
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	60	45	585	280	305
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	20,970	10,335	10,635	124,600	61,235	63,360
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	375	235	140	6,890	3,335	3,550
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	360	225	130	6,710	3,255	3,455
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	240	140	105	5,390	2,560	2,825
Métis	115	85	25	1,295	685	605
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	35	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	50	20	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	125	65	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,595	10,105	10,490	117,710	57,900	59,810
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	20,975	10,340	10,635	124,600	61,235	63,360
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	115	70	45	4,910	2,315	2,600
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,860	10,275	10,585	119,690	58,925	60,765
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	20,970	10,335	10,635	124,600	61,235	63,365
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	10	10	3,730	1,810	1,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	10	3,710	1,795	1,910
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	10	0	3,575	1,745	1,840
Métis single ancestry	10	10	10	130	55	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	645	340	305	4,455	2,185	2,275
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	635	330	305	4,380	2,140	2,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	490	255	235	3,050	1,440	1,610
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	80	65	1,285	685	605
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	40	10	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	10	0	75	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	75	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,315	9,990	10,325	116,410	57,240	59,170
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	20,975	10,340	10,630	124,600	61,235	63,360
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,205	590	620	5,505	2,850	2,650
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	165	85	85	1,300	700	595
Chinese	240	110	140	650	280	375
Black	255	135	120	1,250	665	580
Filipino	90	35	60	495	200	295
Latin American	95	45	50	475	260	215
Arab	50	30	25	460	255	205
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	10	225	125	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	70	40	35	120	55	60
Korean	20	15	10	120	60	60
Japanese	40	20	20	90	60	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	50	45	150	100	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	30	35	165	95	70
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,765	9,755	10,015	119,090	58,380	60,710
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	20,975	10,340	10,635	124,595	61,235	63,360
North American Aboriginal origins	660	350	310	8,185	3,995	4,190
First Nations (North American Indian)	505	265	235	6,720	3,235	3,485
Inuit	0	0	0	50	20	30
Métis	155	85	70	1,510	800	715
Other North American origins	7,020	3,395	3,625	44,225	21,575	22,650
Acadian	40	15	25	70	25	55
American	375	160	215	1,855	760	1,095
Canadian	6,760	3,285	3,480	42,935	21,055	21,880
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	60	35	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	35	30	10	35	20	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	15	10
European origins	16,920	8,335	8,590	94,600	46,215	48,385
British Isles origins	13,315	6,405	6,910	69,105	33,650	35,460
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,455	4,040	4,410	41,140	19,425	21,715
Irish	5,150	2,435	2,715	28,370	13,590	14,780
Manx	0	0	0	45	25	20
Scottish	5,530	2,720	2,810	31,790	15,330	16,460
Welsh	685	375	310	2,590	1,290	1,300
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,225	495	730	2,955	1,405	1,550
French origins	1,785	810	970	17,325	8,250	9,070
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,785	815	970	17,315	8,255	9,065
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,790	1,850	1,950	27,205	13,445	13,750
Austrian	225	145	85	430	230	200
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	10	2,105	1,080	1,030
Dutch	1,110	555	560	12,855	6,405	6,445
Flemish	0	0	0	95	35	65
Frisian	15	0	10	60	30	25
German	2,710	1,305	1,405	13,495	6,580	6,910
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swiss	85	25	60	250	155	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	595	300	295	2,405	1,160	1,245
Danish	150	70	80	570	290	275
Finnish	105	55	45	460	245	215
Icelandic	40	25	15	155	75	75
Norwegian	85	35	45	625	280	345
Swedish	230	120	110	555	265	290
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	15	120	40	85
Eastern European origins	1,915	970	945	9,145	4,360	4,785
Bulgarian	0	10	10	75	30	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	55	30	20	500	260	240
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	270	115	155
Estonian	65	30	35	60	30	30
Hungarian	235	150	85	1,220	560	665
Latvian	20	0	15	95	40	55
Lithuanian	20	20	10	185	75	115
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	645	335	315	3,245	1,655	1,585
Romanian	125	80	40	510	220	290
Russian	365	190	175	885	415	470
Slovak	50	30	20	920	390	530
Ukrainian	650	285	370	2,500	1,200	1,300
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	70	50	20
Southern European origins	2,275	1,170	1,110	8,050	4,200	3,845
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bosnian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	20	270	145	125
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	10	10
Greek	415	205	215	705	385	320
Italian	1,205	640	565	4,920	2,620	2,305
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	180	90	90	60	45	15
Maltese	55	15	35	115	85	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	100	95	1,180	595	585
Serbian	0	0	0	80	50	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovenian	75	50	25	105	50	55
Spanish	155	70	85	645	300	345
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	35	35	170	70	100
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	60	50	365	160	210
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	55	40	125	65	60
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	10	0	230	95	140
Caribbean origins	345	200	150	900	530	370
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	25	15	50	30	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	40	25	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	190	105	90	515	275	240
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	25	15	105	70	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	15	15	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	30	20	95	50	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	55	50	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	310	140	165	905	490	415
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	10	30	35	10	20
Belizean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	30	25	10	0	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	50	35	15
Colombian	40	15	20	85	30	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	15	0	15	20	10	10
Guyanese	80	35	45	115	65	50
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maya	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexican	40	20	25	365	195	165
Nicaraguan	15	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	125	65	50
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	15	10	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	20	10	10
African origins	155	75	75	965	505	460
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	230	130	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	100	40	60
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	60	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins	30	20	10	115	45	65
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	105	40	60
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	10	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	35	30	120	65	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	50	25	30	40	15	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zambian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	60	25	30	525	270	255
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	95	55	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	25	30	430	220	215
Asian origins	980	500	475	4,105	2,020	2,090
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	280	160	120	965	490	470
Afghan	15	10	10	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	80	35	40
Armenian	35	30	10	25	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	25	30	100	60	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	180	100	80
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	25	15	395	190	200
Palestinian	55	25	30	15	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	25	15	75	35	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	10	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	15	0
South Asian origins	190	90	95	1,355	725	635
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	150	75	80	1,075	590	485
Goan	0	10	0	20	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	15	15	0	160	80	80
Punjabi	0	0	0	55	20	35
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	15	10	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	45	15	25
East and Southeast Asian origins	565	285	275	1,800	825	980
Burmese	10	0	0	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	330	165	165	875	410	465
Filipino	90	30	60	525	210	315
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Japanese	65	40	20	120	65	55
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	0	125	60	60
Laotian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	25	0	15
Tibetan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	115	65	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania origins	45	25	15	45	20	30
Australian	30	25	15	30	0	25
New Zealander	10	0	10	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
Owner	6,605	...	...	40,580	...	...
Renter	1,055	...	...	13,750	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
Condominium	545	...	...	2,135	...	...
Not condominium	7,115	...	...	52,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	420	...	...	5,125	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,380	...	...	12,265	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,810	...	...	22,430	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,045	...	...	14,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	930	...	...	8,860	...	...
5 rooms	795	...	...	6,855	...	...
6 rooms	1,040	...	...	8,145	...	...
7 rooms	1,185	...	...	8,345	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,715	...	...	22,280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.6	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,635	...	...	54,255	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,660	...	...	54,485	...	...
Suitable	7,525	...	...	53,235	...	...
Not suitable	140	...	...	1,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
1960 or before	1,670	...	...	19,800	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,685	...	...	17,715	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,235	...	...	6,470	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,145	...	...	4,420	...	...
2001 to 2005	805	...	...	2,150	...	...
2006 to 2010	790	...	...	2,340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	330	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,240	...	...	50,400	...	...
Major repairs needed	425	...	...	4,080	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,660	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,825	...	...	34,180	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,695	...	...	19,750	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	145	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,665	...	...	54,480	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	1,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	520	...	...	6,630	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,080	...	...	7,550	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,890	...	...	9,600	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,975	...	...	12,155	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,140	...	...	9,565	...	...
75 to 84 years	760	...	...	5,365	...	...
85 years and over	270	...	...	2,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,410	...	...	51,545	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,770	...	...	41,365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,640	...	...	10,180	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,440	...	...	9,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,375	...	...	38,120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.4	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.8	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,544	...	...	882	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,744	...	...	1,044	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	599,872	...	...	214,962	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	663,689	...	...	260,674	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,045	...	...	13,500	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	14.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.8	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,099	...	...	822	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,186	...	...	862	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,660	8,630	9,025	105,015	51,295	53,725
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,520	1,265	1,255	17,615	8,755	8,860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,305	2,470	2,835	30,835	14,225	16,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,840	4,895	4,940	56,565	28,310	28,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,290	1,030	265	11,075	8,920	2,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	575	385	190	4,115	2,800	1,315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	720	640	75	6,960	6,115	845
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,165	1,940	2,225	29,275	12,270	17,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	200	185	1,395	575	820
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,995	1,725	2,265	14,825	6,545	8,275
Bachelor's degree	3,050	1,280	1,770	10,665	4,455	6,215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	105	140	1,075	445	625
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	70	50	350	235	115
Master's degree	505	230	270	2,405	1,190	1,210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	30	330	220	110
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,150	5,485	5,660	64,965	31,835	33,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	815	450	360	6,065	3,325	2,740
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,865	1,405	1,455	18,090	8,635	9,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,465	3,625	3,840	40,805	19,870	20,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	880	730	155	7,250	5,900	1,350
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	385	275	110	2,630	1,825	810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	495	455	45	4,615	4,075	545
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,170	1,475	1,700	22,230	9,320	12,915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	130	160	870	400	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,115	1,290	1,830	10,455	4,255	6,200
Bachelor's degree	2,350	965	1,385	7,675	3,030	4,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	70	130	715	280	435
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	50	50	255	160	100
Master's degree	410	170	245	1,635	700	935
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	35	25	175	90	80
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,660	8,635	9,025	105,015	51,290	53,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,825	3,735	4,085	48,450	22,985	25,470
Education	590	140	450	3,385	830	2,555
13. Education	590	140	450	3,380	830	2,555
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	495	230	265	1,100	370	730
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	90	20	245	140	105
50. Visual and performing arts	385	135	245	855	230	625
Humanities	545	195	355	2,195	840	1,360
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	95	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	150	20	125	545	135	410
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	35	70	660	235	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	100	50	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	40	30	290	185	110
54. History	125	65	55	390	225	165
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	35	115	0	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,260	395	870	5,180	1,345	3,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	85	90	335	110	225
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	20	195	1,830	155	1,675
22. Legal professions and studies	175	45	130	630	215	420
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	20	50	10	45
42. Psychology	185	40	145	710	120	590
45. Social sciences	465	195	270	1,580	725	850
Business, management and public administration	1,930	755	1,170	8,480	2,510	5,970
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	10	95	1,180	210	970
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,830	745	1,085	7,280	2,300	4,985
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	130	200	1,590	890	695
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	30	110	465	180	285
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	30	50	255	115	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	80	55	20	470	305	165
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	15	390	285	105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	375	250	130	1,360	825	535
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	295	205	95	1,065	700	365
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	20	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	35	25	160	100	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,195	2,060	135	17,130	16,040	1,090
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	20	220	165	55
14. Engineering	370	345	30	2,095	1,735	355
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	425	50	4,410	3,965	435
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	540	525	15	4,385	4,320	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	500	0	3,640	3,525	110
48. Precision production	250	230	20	2,385	2,320	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	195	75	1,355	965	390
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	140	55	1,065	770	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	55	20	290	195	95
Health and related fields	1,315	245	1,075	10,270	1,480	8,785
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	125	145	815	395	425
51. Health professions and related programs	1,025	105	920	9,365	1,020	8,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	10	85	75	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	520	305	215	4,515	2,215	2,295
12. Personal and culinary services	180	60	125	2,315	440	1,870
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	235	150	85	1,275	920	350
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	10	895	825	70
Other	10	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,145	5,485	5,660	64,965	31,835	33,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,680	1,860	1,815	24,155	11,960	12,195
Education	445	105	345	1,990	490	1,500
13. Education	450	105	345	1,990	495	1,495
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	350	150	200	800	275	520
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	60	15	165	100	70
50. Visual and performing arts	270	85	180	630	180	450
Humanities	410	150	260	1,520	570	950
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	80	10	65
23. English language and literature/letters	110	20	95	340	70	270
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	25	50	480	165	315
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	80	45	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	25	205	130	75
54. History	90	55	35	265	150	115
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	70	0	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,005	290	710	3,935	885	3,050
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	10	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	75	290	95	195
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	20	175	1,490	95	1,395
22. Legal professions and studies	150	30	115	500	145	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	55	10	45
42. Psychology	130	20	115	505	70	435
45. Social sciences	355	160	200	1,055	455	595
Business, management and public administration	1,505	570	935	6,400	1,745	4,660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	965	145	820
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,425	560	865	5,415	1,595	3,825
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	85	155	1,095	560	535
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	25	85	330	125	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	40	185	90	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	290	155	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	275	190	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	310	205	110	1,095	685	415
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	165	75	865	575	295
25. Library science	0	0	10	90	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	130	80	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	10	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,645	1,530	115	12,170	11,235	945
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	195	145	50
14. Engineering	275	245	25	1,425	1,110	315
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	365	320	40	3,185	2,795	385
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	440	430	10	3,090	3,045	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	355	350	0	2,590	2,500	90
48. Precision production	165	155	15	1,695	1,645	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	150	65	1,055	735	315
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	105	45	815	580	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	20	240	155	80
Health and related fields	955	165	785	7,415	1,060	6,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	70	105	640	295	340
51. Health professions and related programs	765	85	680	6,715	720	5,995
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	60	45	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	230	160	3,330	1,635	1,695
12. Personal and culinary services	125	40	80	1,680	340	1,340
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	180	105	75	1,020	725	295
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	10	610	555	55
Other	10	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,655	8,635	9,025	105,015	51,295	53,720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,820	3,735	4,085	48,450	22,985	25,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,840	4,900	4,935	56,565	28,310	28,255
Location of study inside Canada	8,855	4,375	4,475	51,710	25,825	25,885
Same as province or territory of residence	8,365	4,150	4,215	49,230	24,510	24,720
Different than province or territory of residence	490	225	260	2,485	1,310	1,170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	980	520	460	4,850	2,485	2,370
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	230	135	95	1,875	800	1,080
Philippines	45	20	25	175	50	120
India	20	10	10	370	195	175
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	325	150	170	890	600	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	50	25	30
France	0	10	0	25	10	10
Other	345	185	160	1,465	805	660
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,145	5,490	5,660	64,965	31,840	33,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,675	1,860	1,820	24,155	11,960	12,195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,465	3,625	3,845	40,810	19,875	20,935
Location of study inside Canada	6,790	3,295	3,495	38,090	18,700	19,390
Same as province or territory of residence	6,400	3,110	3,285	36,435	17,835	18,600
Different than province or territory of residence	390	185	205	1,655	865	790
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	680	325	345	2,720	1,175	1,545
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	165	85	75	1,275	490	790
Philippines	45	20	25	100	35	70
India	15	10	10	220	95	120
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	80	110	250	135	115
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	40	15	20
France	0	10	0	15	10	0
Other	245	120	125	825	405	420
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,660	8,635	9,025	105,015	51,290	53,720
In the labour force	12,295	6,390	5,900	61,465	32,335	29,120
Employed	11,580	6,030	5,550	56,485	29,600	26,885
Unemployed	720	360	355	4,975	2,735	2,240
Not in the labour force	5,365	2,240	3,120	43,555	18,960	24,595
Participation rate	69.6	74.0	65.4	58.5	63.0	54.2
Employment rate	65.6	69.8	61.5	53.8	57.7	50.0
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.6	6.0	8.1	8.5	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,660	8,630	9,025	105,015	51,295	53,720
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,060	2,075	2,980	40,485	17,435	23,055
Worked	12,600	6,560	6,040	64,525	33,860	30,670
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,800	3,985	2,815	32,135	18,580	13,555
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,800	2,575	3,230	32,395	15,285	17,110
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	44.3	42.3	42.5	42.6	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,295	6,390	5,905	61,460	32,335	29,125
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	200	105	100	1,440	705	735
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	12,090	6,290	5,805	60,020	31,630	28,390
Employee	10,110	5,060	5,055	53,795	27,850	25,950
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,985	1,230	755	6,225	3,785	2,440
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,295	6,395	5,900	61,460	32,340	29,125
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	105	100	1,440	705	735
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	12,095	6,290	5,805	60,020	31,630	28,390
0 Management occupations	2,025	1,235	790	6,130	3,840	2,290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,925	480	1,450	7,300	1,710	5,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725	590	135	3,935	3,110	830
3 Health occupations	610	95	520	4,640	635	4,005
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,390	460	935	5,865	1,750	4,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	460	170	285	1,070	400	670
6 Sales and service occupations	2,500	1,110	1,390	14,690	5,555	9,140
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,720	1,625	95	11,225	10,525	705
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	455	315	140	1,675	1,235	440
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	280	210	65	3,485	2,880	605
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,295	6,390	5,905	61,465	32,335	29,125
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	105	95	1,445	705	735
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	12,095	6,290	5,805	60,020	31,630	28,390
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	410	255	155	2,660	1,825	830
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	730	605	120
22 Utilities	160	120	40	625	490	135
23 Construction	1,165	1,010	150	5,445	4,900	540
31-33 Manufacturing	865	620	245	6,815	5,315	1,500
41 Wholesale trade	570	350	225	2,195	1,705	485
44-45 Retail trade	1,280	610	670	6,875	2,920	3,955
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	360	265	90	2,585	1,885	700
51 Information and cultural industries	265	170	100	580	215	365
52 Finance and insurance	655	300	355	1,330	425	910
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	230	100	125	785	440	345
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,045	550	490	2,915	1,665	1,250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	25	25	45	15	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	725	425	295	3,075	1,795	1,280
61 Educational services	995	260	730	3,720	1,085	2,635
62 Health care and social assistance	1,080	125	950	7,960	1,030	6,930
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	460	220	240	1,490	680	805
72 Accommodation and food services	640	220	425	4,710	1,615	3,100
81 Other services (except public administration)	470	265	205	3,065	1,620	1,445
91 Public administration	630	370	265	2,420	1,390	1,025
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,580	6,030	5,550	56,480	29,600	26,885
Worked at home	1,405	635	770	3,875	2,035	1,840
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	380	210	170
No fixed workplace address	1,560	1,205	355	6,045	4,555	1,490
Worked at usual place	8,585	4,175	4,410	46,190	22,800	23,385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,585	4,175	4,410	46,190	22,800	23,390
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,490	995	1,490	26,280	12,270	14,010
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,065	520	545	15,015	7,930	7,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,025	2,650	2,370	4,745	2,495	2,245
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	155	100	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,150	5,385	4,765	52,230	27,355	24,875
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,545	4,650	3,895	44,605	23,560	21,045
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	695	305	385	3,090	1,530	1,560
Public transit	355	160	195	1,165	485	680
Walked	460	205	255	2,290	1,080	1,205
Bicycle	50	40	10	580	450	135
Other method	50	25	25	500	250	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,150	5,380	4,770	52,230	27,360	24,880
Less than 15 minutes	2,130	820	1,310	24,055	11,235	12,825
15 to 29 minutes	1,980	1,025	960	18,710	10,460	8,255
30 to 44 minutes	2,465	1,320	1,140	5,915	3,430	2,485
45 to 59 minutes	1,560	850	710	1,675	1,000	675
60 minutes and over	2,020	1,370	650	1,875	1,225	650
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,150	5,385	4,765	52,230	27,355	24,880
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	935	760	175	3,515	2,490	1,025
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,005	1,270	740	10,860	7,395	3,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,765	1,430	1,335	14,330	7,945	6,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,115	945	1,170	9,770	3,275	6,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,040	360	675	4,960	1,615	3,340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,290	620	670	8,800	4,640	4,165
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	13,005	6,725	6,280	66,405	34,765	31,640
Single responses	12,950	6,695	6,250	66,220	34,695	31,530
Official languages	12,925	6,685	6,240	66,135	34,655	31,485
English	12,890	6,680	6,210	65,840	34,575	31,265
French	40	10	30	300	80	220
Non-official languages	25	10	10	90	40	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	10	85	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	50	25	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	10	0	0	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	180	70	110
English and French	30	15	15	115	50	70
English and non-official language	25	10	10	60	20	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	13,005	6,725	6,280	66,405	34,760	31,640
None	12,725	6,630	6,090	65,100	34,255	30,845
English	35	10	20	210	50	160
French	130	35	95	645	280	365
Non-official language	105	40	65	405	155	250
Aboriginal	0	0	0	75	15	65
Non-Aboriginal	105	45	65	330	140	185
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,815	10,265	10,555	123,335	60,570	62,760
Non-movers	18,785	9,290	9,495	109,655	54,060	55,600
Movers	2,030	975	1,055	13,680	6,515	7,165
Non-migrants	825	350	480	7,845	3,725	4,120
Migrants	1,210	625	575	5,835	2,790	3,045
Internal migrants	1,160	600	560	5,390	2,565	2,830
Intraprovincial migrants	1,120	575	540	4,870	2,320	2,550
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	20	525	245	275
External migrants	50	30	20	440	225	220
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,150	9,950	10,195	118,485	58,045	60,440
Non-movers	13,790	6,850	6,940	79,575	39,230	40,345
Movers	6,360	3,105	3,255	38,910	18,815	20,095
Non-migrants	2,355	1,095	1,260	21,920	10,530	11,390
Migrants	4,005	2,010	1,995	16,990	8,285	8,705
Internal migrants	3,885	1,950	1,935	15,565	7,535	8,030
Intraprovincial migrants	3,725	1,870	1,860	14,130	6,800	7,325
Interprovincial migrants	155	80	75	1,435	735	700
External migrants	120	60	65	1,430	755	680

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Uxbridge, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Uxbridge, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario