Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	East Gwillimbury, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Portage la Prairie, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	23,991	...	...	6,975	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,473	...	...	6,525	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.8	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,279	...	...	2,502	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,077	...	...	2,195	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	97.9	...	...	3.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	245.04	...	...	1,961.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	23,995	12,000	11,990	6,975	3,535	3,445
0 to 14 years	4,115	2,085	2,030	1,535	815	720
0 to 4 years	1,270	615	655	510	265	245
5 to 9 years	1,405	705	695	520	275	245
10 to 14 years	1,440	755	680	510	275	230
15 to 64 years	16,395	8,165	8,230	4,460	2,200	2,255
15 to 19 years	1,510	785	725	510	275	235
20 to 24 years	1,490	755	735	355	185	170
25 to 29 years	1,275	670	605	385	190	190
30 to 34 years	1,305	615	690	435	210	225
35 to 39 years	1,390	685	700	395	185	210
40 to 44 years	1,650	805	845	425	205	220
45 to 49 years	1,910	950	960	390	185	200
50 to 54 years	2,165	1,080	1,085	515	255	255
55 to 59 years	2,075	1,025	1,045	570	275	290
60 to 64 years	1,630	800	830	490	230	255
65 years and over	3,480	1,750	1,730	980	510	465
65 to 69 years	1,345	695	650	385	210	175
70 to 74 years	860	440	420	260	140	115
75 to 79 years	565	285	280	195	100	100
80 to 84 years	370	190	180	75	40	35
85 years and over	345	145	195	65	30	35
85 to 89 years	245	105	135	45	20	25
90 to 94 years	80	35	45	20	5	15
95 to 99 years	15	0	15	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.4	16.9	22.0	23.1	20.9
15 to 64 years	68.3	68.0	68.6	63.9	62.2	65.5
65 years and over	14.5	14.6	14.4	14.1	14.4	13.5
85 years and over	1.4	1.2	1.6	0.9	0.8	1.0
Average age of the population	40.6	40.4	40.8	38.1	37.6	38.7
Median age of the population	42.8	42.6	43.0	38.4	37.5	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Single-detached house	6,710	...	...	1,740	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,365	...	...	200	...	...
Semi-detached house	225	...	...	180	...	...
Row house	535	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	280	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
1 person	1,115	...	...	450	...	...
2 persons	2,715	...	...	900	...	...
3 persons	1,510	...	...	320	...	...
4 persons	1,765	...	...	295	...	...
5 or more persons	975	...	...	235	...	...
Number of persons in private households	23,435	...	...	5,685	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	19,875	9,920	9,955	5,440	2,715	2,720
Married or living common law	12,730	6,365	6,365	3,585	1,795	1,785
Married	11,190	5,600	5,585	3,180	1,590	1,585
Living common law	1,540	765	775	405	200	200
Not married and not living common law	7,145	3,555	3,595	1,860	925	930
Never married	5,050	2,770	2,285	1,350	735	610
Separated	465	210	260	95	50	45
Divorced	880	375	500	160	75	90
Widowed	745	195	555	250	60	185
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	7,085	...	...	1,725	...	...
2 persons	3,105	...	...	935	...	...
3 persons	1,590	...	...	305	...	...
4 persons	1,745	...	...	285	...	...
5 or more persons	645	...	...	205	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	7,090	...	...	1,725	...	...
Total couple families	6,265	...	...	1,520	...	...
Married couples	5,500	...	...	1,320	...	...
Common-law couples	770	...	...	205	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	815	...	...	205	...	...
Female parent	610	...	...	155	...	...
Male parent	205	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,265	...	...	1,525	...	...
Couples without children	2,605	...	...	810	...	...
Couples with children	3,660	...	...	715	...	...
1 child	1,350	...	...	260	...	...
2 children	1,680	...	...	260	...	...
3 or more children	635	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	820	...	...	205	...	...
1 child	500	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	240	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,075	965	1,110	650	350	305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
One-census-family households	6,535	...	...	1,685	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,355	...	...	790	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,180	...	...	895	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	270	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,270	...	...	490	...	...
One-person households	1,115	...	...	450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	155	...	...	35	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	23,605	11,750	11,855	6,960	3,525	3,430
English only	21,980	11,070	10,915	6,475	3,295	3,175
French only	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,440	600	835	400	185	220
Neither English nor French	180	80	100	85	50	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	23,610	11,755	11,860	6,960	3,525	3,435
English	23,090	11,510	11,580	6,750	3,415	3,340
French	260	125	135	125	70	60
English and French	90	35	50	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	180	85	100	85	50	35
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	140	155	125	65	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.8	1.8	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	23,605	11,750	11,855	6,960	3,530	3,430
Single responses	23,235	11,570	11,665	6,870	3,485	3,385
Official languages	19,795	9,890	9,910	5,605	2,850	2,750
English	19,530	9,760	9,775	5,455	2,775	2,680
French	270	130	140	145	80	70
Non-official languages	3,440	1,685	1,755	1,265	635	630
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,440	1,685	1,755	1,240	620	615
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	55	55	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	55	55	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	40	35	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	50	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	50	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	75	30	40	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,330	1,185	1,140	1,215	610	610
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	700	330	365	40	20	20
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	680	325	355	40	20	20
Belarusan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Polish	125	50	75	5	5	0
Russian	375	185	185	10	5	5
Serbian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	400	215	185	1,155	575	585
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	115	60	60	20	15	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	145	115	1,135	560	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	390	190	205	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	155	75	80	5	5	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	20	5	5	0
Iranian languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	215	105	110	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	710	380	325	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	330	190	140	0	0	5
Portuguese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Romanian	100	45	55	5	0	0
Spanish	180	95	90	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	485	225	265	0	0	0
Chinese languages	485	220	265	0	0	0
Cantonese	225	105	120	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	230	105	125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	10	5	5
Lao	10	0	5	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	65	75	5	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	40	50	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	370	180	190	90	45	50
English and French	50	25	25	15	5	10
English and non-official language	305	150	150	75	30	40
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	23,610	11,750	11,860	6,960	3,525	3,435
Single responses	22,900	11,410	11,485	6,780	3,440	3,340
Official languages	21,465	10,705	10,755	5,855	2,990	2,860
English	21,380	10,665	10,715	5,825	2,975	2,845
French	80	40	45	35	15	20
Non-official languages	1,435	705	730	925	455	475
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,435	705	735	920	445	470
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	50	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	850	420	435	905	440	465
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	170	165	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	335	170	165	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	25	0	0	0
Russian	230	125	105	10	5	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	25	20	890	430	460
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	10	890	430	460
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	105	100	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	125	65	65	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	120	55	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	95	125	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	90	35	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	310	160	150	0	0	0
Chinese languages	310	155	155	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	80	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Lao	5	5	5	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	710	345	370	180	90	95
English and French	40	20	25	5	0	0
English and non-official language	655	315	335	175	85	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	23,610	11,750	11,855	6,960	3,530	3,430
None	21,510	10,775	10,730	6,215	3,165	3,045
English	755	365	390	500	235	260
French	185	85	105	90	40	50
Non-official language	1,130	515	615	150	80	70
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	1,125	515	615	130	70	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,340	9,565	9,780	4,575	2,310	2,265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,610	9,200	9,410	4,410	2,225	2,185
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,571	49,178	34,088	38,229	44,659	32,608
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,620	9,205	9,415	4,405	2,220	2,185
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,178	42,519	30,520	33,041	38,096	28,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,480	8,755	8,720	4,125	2,135	1,990
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,491	47,846	30,967	34,997	40,981	29,592
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,440	5,525	6,915	3,015	1,355	1,665
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,504	1,620	4,363	5,872	6,416	5,741
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,885	7,620	7,260	3,515	1,850	1,665
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,339	47,603	32,803	35,488	41,472	29,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	19,345	9,565	9,780	4,595	2,295	2,305
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,590	9,185	9,405	4,435	2,220	2,210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,254	65,548	45,206	43,188	49,110	37,237
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,595	9,180	9,410	4,435	2,220	2,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,311	51,387	37,407	35,627	39,997	31,234
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,450	8,735	8,715	4,155	2,165	1,990
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,002	64,749	43,234	40,649	45,779	35,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,460	5,540	6,920	2,960	1,270	1,685
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,803	6,562	6,996	7,619	7,950	7,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,885	7,585	7,300	3,580	1,900	1,685
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,275	63,992	44,185	39,978	44,671	34,680
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	19,340	9,565	9,780	4,600	2,295	2,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,685	4,360	3,325	1,855	1,080	775
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	62,997	69,977	57,208	48,741	53,355	43,141
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,104	85,691	68,165	55,048	58,606	50,106
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.7	94.0	88.6	87.8	90.4	84.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.8	78.7	74.3	73.4	76.6	69.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.3	6.1	11.4	12.1	9.5	15.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	19,345	9,565	9,780	4,575	2,310	2,260
Without total income	735	365	370	170	90	80
With total income	18,605	9,200	9,405	4,405	2,220	2,185
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.2	96.2	96.3	96.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,560	1,085	1,475	510	215	300
$10,000 to $19,999	2,740	1,095	1,645	610	235	375
$20,000 to $29,999	2,065	880	1,180	610	280	330
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	810	995	560	245	315
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	785	950	585	285	305
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	760	755	465	270	195
$60,000 to $69,999	1,275	665	605	325	205	125
$70,000 to $79,999	990	575	415	235	170	65
$80,000 to $89,999	885	540	350	165	100	60
$90,000 to $99,999	780	420	360	95	50	45
$100,000 and over	2,250	1,580	670	235	160	75
$100,000 to $149,999	1,520	1,045	480	180	125	55
$150,000 and over	730	535	195	55	40	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	19,345	9,565	9,775	4,570	2,305	2,265
Without after-tax income	725	365	360	165	85	80
With after-tax income	18,620	9,205	9,415	4,405	2,225	2,185
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.2	96.3	96.4	96.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,650	1,115	1,535	540	225	315
$10,000 to $19,999	2,890	1,160	1,730	665	265	395
$20,000 to $29,999	2,430	1,055	1,375	765	340	425
$30,000 to $39,999	2,205	1,000	1,210	745	345	395
$40,000 to $49,999	2,100	1,020	1,080	675	395	290
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	890	815	420	275	145
$60,000 to $69,999	1,265	785	480	245	150	90
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	640	500	160	90	65
$80,000 and over	2,240	1,540	695	195	140	60
$80,000 to $89,999	715	435	280	80	50	25
$90,000 to $99,999	485	340	150	45	35	10
$100,000 and over	1,040	765	265	70	50	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	19,340	9,565	9,780	4,575	2,310	2,265
Without employment income	4,460	1,945	2,515	1,055	460	595
With employment income	14,885	7,620	7,260	3,515	1,850	1,665
Percentage with employment income	77.0	79.7	74.2	76.8	80.1	73.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,915	920	995	410	200	205
$5,000 to $9,999	1,180	515	665	255	115	140
$10,000 to $19,999	1,865	820	1,045	440	190	250
$20,000 to $29,999	1,285	580	705	430	185	245
$30,000 to $39,999	1,275	540	735	440	200	235
$40,000 to $49,999	1,245	565	685	420	205	210
$50,000 to $59,999	1,130	575	555	330	205	125
$60,000 to $69,999	925	480	450	225	150	75
$70,000 to $79,999	800	485	315	180	130	50
$80,000 and over	3,260	2,150	1,110	390	260	125
$80,000 to $89,999	725	435	290	145	85	60
$90,000 to $99,999	705	375	330	75	45	30
$100,000 and over	1,830	1,340	490	170	130	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,080	...	...	2,195	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,716	...	...	77,852	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,079	...	...	65,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,115	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,918	...	...	40,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,599	...	...	34,645	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,955	...	...	1,745	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,933	...	...	90,266	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,048	...	...	76,306	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	127,175	...	...	87,233	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	102,008	...	...	71,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,115	...	...	430	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,761	...	...	42,708	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,344	...	...	35,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,960	...	...	1,770	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	138,474	...	...	98,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,940	...	...	80,705	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,080	...	...	2,195	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	190	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	80	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	470	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	430	...	...	180	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	480	...	...	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,255	...	...	740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,110	...	...	315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	855	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,210	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,075	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	195	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	220	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	245	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	130	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	555	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	610	...	...	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	575	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,410	...	...	455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,200	...	...	235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	870	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,335	...	...	100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,865	...	...	1,720	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,922	...	...	90,027	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,120	...	...	76,117	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,290	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,607	...	...	81,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,225	...	...	69,376	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,680	...	...	720	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	136,820	...	...	107,878	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,558	...	...	90,752	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	715	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,747	...	...	53,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,656	...	...	47,872	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,865	...	...	1,740	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	137,866	...	...	98,161	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,360	...	...	80,705	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,270	...	...	785	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	117,213	...	...	87,687	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,456	...	...	71,631	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,665	...	...	720	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	162,851	...	...	120,286	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,295	...	...	98,543	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	725	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,507	...	...	56,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,914	...	...	48,835	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,590	785	805	535	305	235
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	40,064	44,160	36,224	38,592	42,240	35,968
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,184	38,464	32,448	33,344	35,456	31,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,520	755	765	520	290	230
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	53,397	57,930	48,938	40,584	42,617	37,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,839	46,595	41,129	34,382	35,726	32,641
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,915	2,770
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,520	3,645	3,875	2,830	1,410	1,420
In the bottom decile	1,100	535	565	375	190	185
In the second decile	1,310	615	695	535	265	270
In the third decile	1,505	705	795	610	305	305
In the fourth decile	1,715	850	870	605	310	295
In the fifth decile	1,890	940	955	705	345	360
In the top half of the distribution	15,920	7,995	7,920	2,860	1,505	1,355
In the sixth decile	2,380	1,185	1,195	705	375	330
In the seventh decile	2,695	1,335	1,360	760	385	375
In the eighth decile	3,305	1,645	1,665	550	290	255
In the ninth decile	3,680	1,870	1,810	555	295	260
In the top decile	3,850	1,955	1,895	290	155	140
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,915	2,770
0 to 17 years	5,030	2,560	2,465	1,370	735	635
0 to 5 years	1,550	755	795	415	215	200
18 to 64 years	15,005	7,370	7,635	3,425	1,700	1,725
65 years and over	3,405	1,705	1,700	890	475	415
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,645	780	865	650	325	320
0 to 17 years	440	225	215	220	125	100
0 to 5 years	115	60	55	70	40	30
18 to 64 years	980	470	515	315	145	170
65 years and over	230	90	140	110	60	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.0	6.7	7.3	11.4	11.1	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.7	8.8	8.7	16.1	17.0	15.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.4	7.9	6.9	16.9	18.6	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.4	6.7	9.2	8.5	9.9
65 years and over (%)	6.8	5.3	8.2	12.4	12.6	12.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	955	460	495	175	80	85
0 to 17 years	270	135	135	45	15	30
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	605	285	315	115	60	50
65 years and over	80	40	40	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	4.0	4.2	3.1	2.7	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.3	5.5	3.3	2.0	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	5.3	3.8	4.8	2.3	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.0	3.9	4.1	3.4	3.5	2.9
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.3	2.4	1.1	1.1	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	23,435	11,640	11,800	5,685	2,875	2,810
Official languages	23,275	11,565	11,705	5,685	2,875	2,810
English	23,250	11,565	11,685	5,685	2,875	2,805
French	1,560	585	975	420	215	200
Non-official languages	4,395	2,210	2,185	430	260	175
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,395	2,210	2,185	385	235	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	190	105	80	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	185	105	85	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	115	60	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	60	40	25	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	40	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	35	65	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	155	60	90	15	15	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	135	60	85	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,045	1,630	1,415	345	210	140
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	800	400	405	45	15	25
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	790	395	395	40	20	25
Belarusan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	40	10	0	0	0
Polish	135	75	65	0	0	0
Russian	480	215	260	20	15	0
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	45	45	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	610	315	295	265	160	100
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	130	60	70	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	430	220	205	240	145	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	20	10	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	180	115	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	515	270	245	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	190	95	95	15	15	0
Bengali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hindi	55	25	25	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	30	10	10	0
Iranian languages	315	175	140	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	315	175	145	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	975	555	425	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	485	305	180	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	65	65	0	0	0
Romanian	140	85	60	0	0	0
Spanish	265	130	140	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	45	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	25	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	25	30	10	10	10
American Sign Language	50	20	30	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	560	230	325	0	0	0
Chinese languages	560	230	325	0	0	0
Cantonese	280	110	170	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	325	145	175	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	30	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	25	10	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	165	90	75	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	40	25	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	60	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	23,440	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,880	2,810
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	22,665	11,275	11,390	5,565	2,805	2,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,945	2,495	2,445	1,405	755	655
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,725	8,785	8,940	4,160	2,055	2,105
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	775	365	405	120	70	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	19,065	9,475	9,585	5,425	2,745	2,685
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,330	2,145	2,190	240	115	125
Before 1981	1,815	965	850	100	55	50
1981 to 1990	620	295	330	35	10	15
1991 to 2000	715	320	395	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	905	450	450	40	10	30
2001 to 2005	500	240	260	20	10	15
2006 to 2010	400	210	195	25	10	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	280	120	165	50	30	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	45	20	25	15	20	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,330	2,145	2,185	240	115	125
Under 5 years	600	315	280	25	15	0
5 to 14 years	870	485	385	65	25	35
15 to 24 years	1,020	470	545	60	30	30
25 to 44 years	1,580	745	830	80	35	45
45 years and over	260	125	140	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,335	2,145	2,185	240	115	125
Americas	495	215	280	80	30	45
Brazil	15	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	75	40	30	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	60	30	25	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	25	25	0
Peru	20	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	55	20	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	175	45	130	40	10	35
Other places of birth in Americas	65	40	25	10	0	10
Europe	2,300	1,215	1,085	120	55	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	10	0
Germany	175	105	75	45	25	15
Greece	75	45	30	0	0	0
Hungary	85	45	40	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	15	15	10	0	0
Italy	205	125	80	0	0	0
Netherlands	95	45	50	10	10	0
Poland	80	35	45	0	0	0
Portugal	75	35	40	0	10	0
Romania	70	40	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	130	75	60	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	50	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	800	395	405	35	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	325	175	150	15	0	15
Africa	140	75	65	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	20	40	0	0	0
Asia	1,380	630	750	30	20	0
Afghanistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	280	130	150	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	150	50	95	0	0	0
India	90	45	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	210	110	95	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	25	35	15	10	0
Lebanon	35	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	95	35	60	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	105	50	50	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	230	105	125	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	280	115	160	45	30	20
Americas	30	10	20	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	10
Europe	95	45	55	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	15	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	15	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	130	50	80	15	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	20	15	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	23,440	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,460	2,205	2,255	275	140	140
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,540	2,815	2,725	605	330	270
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	13,435	6,620	6,815	4,805	2,405	2,405
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,580	1,210	1,370	145	65	80
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,435	735	695	75	50	25
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	520	370	150	25	20	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	915	370	545	50	25	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	740	250	490	65	15	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	370	200	170	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	455	225	230	1,165	520	645
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	410	205	200	1,135	510	625
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	110	140	250	100	145
Métis	150	90	55	875	400	475
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	25	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	0	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	22,980	11,415	11,565	4,525	2,360	2,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	140	65	75	220	85	135
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	23,295	11,575	11,720	5,465	2,795	2,670
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	20	25	245	125	125
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	20	25	245	120	125
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	80	35	45
Métis single ancestry	35	15	20	160	85	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	775	390	385	950	410	540
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	740	370	375	900	385	520
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	560	290	275	230	90	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	65	75	660	295	365
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	20	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	20	15	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	15	50	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	22,620	11,235	11,385	4,485	2,340	2,140
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	23,435	11,640	11,795	5,685	2,875	2,810
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,550	1,175	1,380	115	65	45
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	455	205	255	25	15	0
Chinese	700	305	390	0	0	0
Black	340	155	185	45	20	30
Filipino	145	50	100	0	0	0
Latin American	100	60	40	10	0	0
Arab	85	35	45	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	30	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	265	145	120	0	0	10
Korean	100	45	55	15	10	0
Japanese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	120	60	50	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,885	10,465	10,415	5,575	2,815	2,760
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	23,435	11,640	11,800	5,685	2,875	2,810
North American Aboriginal origins	820	410	410	1,200	535	665
First Nations (North American Indian)	605	315	290	360	150	215
Inuit	35	15	25	10	0	10
Métis	205	90	115	880	405	475
Other North American origins	7,260	3,655	3,600	1,770	880	890
Acadian	15	20	0	0	0	0
American	225	95	130	55	25	30
Canadian	7,100	3,600	3,500	1,745	865	880
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	17,900	8,800	9,100	4,570	2,305	2,265
British Isles origins	12,730	6,085	6,645	3,065	1,570	1,495
Channel Islander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,025	3,810	4,215	1,835	965	875
Irish	5,200	2,360	2,835	1,285	640	645
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,260	2,480	2,780	1,725	830	895
Welsh	550	275	280	70	35	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	950	485	465	45	15	30
French origins	2,010	955	1,060	800	380	420
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,010	955	1,055	800	380	415
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,090	1,890	2,195	1,670	815	855
Austrian	205	100	110	130	75	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	70	25	45	80	50	35
Dutch	1,325	585	735	275	140	135
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,600	1,215	1,385	1,325	605	715
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	85	60	40	20	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	640	285	360	320	155	165
Danish	160	70	85	10	10	10
Finnish	140	65	75	10	10	0
Icelandic	20	10	15	105	55	55
Norwegian	105	45	60	95	30	65
Swedish	190	85	105	125	70	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,865	1,435	1,435	1,050	530	515
Bulgarian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	70	30	35	15	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	60	45	25	0	0	0
Estonian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	395	195	205	25	15	15
Latvian	75	25	50	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Polish	835	405	435	215	120	95
Romanian	245	130	110	0	0	0
Russian	590	260	335	325	185	140
Slovak	45	10	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	805	410	395	630	325	310
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,180	1,665	1,510	180	85	90
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	55	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	370	195	175	0	0	0
Italian	2,045	1,090	955	50	30	20
Kosovar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	170	85	85	0	0	0
Maltese	115	45	70	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	305	155	145	10	10	0
Serbian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Spanish	180	95	85	100	40	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	130	65	70	35	30	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	40	30	25	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	375	150	225	55	20	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	180	80	100	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	35	75	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	10	25	25	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	325	170	155	45	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	145	65	75	10	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	25	10	15	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	250	135	115	55	50	10
Central and West African origins	55	15	40	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	30	10	25	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	60	30	35	40	40	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	15	25	20	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	10	20	20	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	50	25	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	70	45	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	35	20	0	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	45	25	20	10	10	0
Asian origins	2,410	1,150	1,260	85	50	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	690	365	320	15	10	10
Afghan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	285	165	120	10	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	40	30	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	115	55	60	10	10	10
Palestinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	25	10	20	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	10	10	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	10	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins	525	255	270	30	20	10
Bangladeshi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	345	180	165	30	15	10
Goan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	115	50	65	0	0	0
Tamil	50	15	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,205	535	670	40	20	20
Burmese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	30	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese	785	360	425	0	0	0
Filipino	160	55	110	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japanese	55	30	25	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	50	60	15	10	0
Laotian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	25	25	10	10	0
Australian	35	25	15	0	0	10
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Owner	7,225	...	...	1,830	...	...
Renter	850	...	...	365	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	8,030	...	...	2,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,080	...	...	2,195	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	260	...	...	65	...	...
2 bedrooms	680	...	...	530	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,455	...	...	880	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,680	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,080	...	...	2,195	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	565	...	...	320	...	...
5 rooms	765	...	...	325	...	...
6 rooms	1,305	...	...	390	...	...
7 rooms	1,325	...	...	295	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,115	...	...	870	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.7	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,080	...	...	2,195	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,050	...	...	2,180	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Suitable	7,890	...	...	2,150	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
1960 or before	1,265	...	...	710	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,175	...	...	675	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,900	...	...	285	...	...
1991 to 2000	925	...	...	240	...	...
2001 to 2005	390	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	675	...	...	115	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	750	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,725	...	...	1,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,665	...	...	1,265	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,185	...	...	910	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	225	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,075	...	...	2,195	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	760	...	...	300	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,360	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,055	...	...	420	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,925	...	...	560	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,190	...	...	330	...	...
75 to 84 years	590	...	...	140	...	...
85 years and over	175	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,985	...	...	1,980	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,185	...	...	1,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,800	...	...	205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,560	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,155	...	...	1,620	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.5	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.0	...	...	8.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,643	...	...	757	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,698	...	...	941	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	648,947	...	...	229,403	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	699,108	...	...	240,328	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	845	...	...	360	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.5	...	...	19.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,116	...	...	766	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,277	...	...	746	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,345	9,565	9,775	4,600	2,295	2,305
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,605	1,455	1,185	665	520
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,460	2,725	2,730	1,415	700	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,820	5,235	5,590	1,995	930	1,065
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,385	1,105	280	400	305	100
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	585	420	165	170	90	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	795	690	105	235	210	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,690	2,095	2,595	860	315	545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	410	205	205	160	75	80
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,340	1,830	2,510	580	235	340
Bachelor's degree	3,215	1,290	1,920	460	175	285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	125	185	45	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	40	35	15	10	0
Master's degree	675	335	340	45	20	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	35	30	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,940	6,385	6,555	3,025	1,455	1,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,110	655	455	470	290	180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,430	1,735	1,695	1,025	500	520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,400	3,995	4,405	1,530	660	870
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	975	790	185	290	205	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	410	295	110	115	55	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	565	490	75	175	150	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,745	1,675	2,070	670	245	425
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	135	120	110	50	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,430	1,400	2,030	460	170	295
Bachelor's degree	2,495	995	1,500	385	140	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	80	170	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	25	15	10	0
Master's degree	575	255	315	30	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	20	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,340	9,565	9,780	4,600	2,295	2,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,520	4,330	4,190	2,605	1,365	1,235
Education	715	180	540	175	30	150
13. Education	715	180	540	180	30	150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	510	245	270	20	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	55	25	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	425	185	240	10	0	10
Humanities	570	200	370	50	25	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	200	40	160	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	40	85	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	0	25	15	10
54. History	95	55	45	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,345	350	1,000	165	15	150
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	45	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	235	0	230	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	245	65	180	30	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	195	45	150	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	450	175	270	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,230	865	1,365	380	105	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	20	170	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,030	840	1,190	315	95	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	145	230	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	185	60	125	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	40	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	50	55	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	240	110	30	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	250	190	60	20	10	10
25. Library science	15	0	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	45	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,400	2,265	130	455	440	15
04. Architecture and related services	120	110	15	10	0	0
14. Engineering	445	370	75	40	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	485	455	30	20	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	510	505	0	100	100	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	535	535	10	275	270	0
48. Precision production	300	290	10	15	15	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	110	90	175	140	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	85	40	160	130	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	20	50	10	10	10
Health and related fields	1,415	265	1,150	405	80	330
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	200	90	105	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,210	165	1,040	395	70	325
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	705	375	335	105	60	45
12. Personal and culinary services	300	75	225	55	15	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	290	185	105	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	115	0	35	25	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,940	6,385	6,560	3,025	1,455	1,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,535	2,385	2,150	1,490	790	700
Education	540	135	410	110	10	105
13. Education	540	130	410	110	10	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	175	225	10	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	340	135	210	15	0	15
Humanities	430	150	280	35	15	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	130	25	110	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	35	75	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	0	20	10	10
54. History	75	35	35	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,090	265	825	145	15	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	40	90	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	195	75	0	75
22. Legal professions and studies	225	65	165	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	150	30	120	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	335	115	215	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,805	700	1,110	295	70	220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	25	140	55	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,640	670	965	235	65	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	85	190	30	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	45	100	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	15	35	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	20	45	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	220	100	25	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	170	55	20	15	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	45	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,795	1,680	115	335	325	20
04. Architecture and related services	95	85	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	320	255	70	30	25	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	375	355	20	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	390	385	0	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	390	0	205	200	10
48. Precision production	215	210	10	20	15	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	85	70	140	105	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	125	95	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	25	35	10	10	0
Health and related fields	1,035	215	825	325	60	270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	70	70	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	880	135	750	325	60	265
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	550	290	255	75	40	40
12. Personal and culinary services	210	45	165	45	0	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	245	155	90	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	90	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,340	9,565	9,780	4,600	2,295	2,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,520	4,330	4,190	2,600	1,365	1,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,820	5,235	5,585	1,995	930	1,070
Location of study inside Canada	9,245	4,415	4,830	1,855	855	1,005
Same as province or territory of residence	8,745	4,180	4,570	1,640	730	910
Different than province or territory of residence	495	235	260	215	125	95
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,575	820	755	140	75	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	295	150	145	60	20	35
Philippines	50	10	40	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	15	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	285	150	135	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	75	45	35	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	835	455	385	60	35	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,940	6,385	6,560	3,025	1,455	1,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,535	2,385	2,150	1,490	795	695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,405	3,995	4,405	1,530	660	870
Location of study inside Canada	7,335	3,475	3,855	1,430	610	815
Same as province or territory of residence	6,955	3,290	3,660	1,250	505	740
Different than province or territory of residence	380	185	200	185	105	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,065	520	545	105	55	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	185	85	100	35	10	30
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
India	20	10	15	15	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	150	70	80	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	35	30	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	590	305	290	45	30	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	19,340	9,565	9,775	4,600	2,295	2,300
In the labour force	13,800	7,180	6,610	3,235	1,745	1,490
Employed	13,005	6,785	6,225	3,090	1,660	1,435
Unemployed	790	400	390	140	85	55
Not in the labour force	5,545	2,380	3,165	1,365	550	815
Participation rate	71.4	75.1	67.6	70.3	76.0	64.8
Employment rate	67.2	70.9	63.7	67.2	72.3	62.4
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.6	5.9	4.3	4.9	3.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	19,340	9,565	9,775	4,595	2,290	2,305
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,935	2,130	2,810	1,155	450	710
Worked	14,405	7,430	6,975	3,445	1,845	1,595
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,915	4,505	3,415	1,910	1,110	800
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,485	2,925	3,560	1,535	735	795
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.1	43.7	44.0	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	13,795	7,180	6,615	3,235	1,750	1,490
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	225	115	110	30	20	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,570	7,070	6,505	3,200	1,730	1,470
Employee	11,515	5,740	5,775	2,690	1,360	1,330
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,060	1,330	735	515	370	140
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	13,795	7,180	6,615	3,235	1,745	1,490
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	220	115	110	35	15	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,575	7,070	6,510	3,200	1,730	1,470
0 Management occupations	1,985	1,255	735	525	375	150
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,365	565	1,800	390	70	320
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	815	635	180	125	105	15
3 Health occupations	680	90	585	300	60	240
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,590	535	1,060	350	60	290
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	475	195	280	50	20	35
6 Sales and service occupations	2,710	1,150	1,555	535	210	325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,095	2,020	70	625	585	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	395	280	115	170	145	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	465	345	120	140	105	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	13,795	7,180	6,615	3,235	1,745	1,490
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	220	115	105	35	15	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,575	7,065	6,505	3,200	1,730	1,470
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	180	80	100	465	350	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	10	0	15	10	0
22 Utilities	115	90	25	20	15	10
23 Construction	1,585	1,365	220	230	210	20
31-33 Manufacturing	1,305	925	380	215	175	45
41 Wholesale trade	590	365	225	125	105	25
44-45 Retail trade	1,530	725	800	295	110	185
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	425	295	135	200	150	50
51 Information and cultural industries	370	190	175	20	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	575	235	345	110	55	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	310	145	160	25	10	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,060	545	515	105	45	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	760	480	280	145	105	45
61 Educational services	1,050	275	770	210	25	185
62 Health care and social assistance	1,205	155	1,045	480	70	410
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	405	210	195	40	20	20
72 Accommodation and food services	630	250	380	165	75	90
81 Other services (except public administration)	485	210	275	100	65	30
91 Public administration	965	515	450	230	135	100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,005	6,780	6,220	3,090	1,660	1,435
Worked at home	1,330	630	705	430	275	155
Worked outside Canada	20	15	10	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,885	1,475	410	340	280	60
Worked at usual place	9,765	4,660	5,110	2,315	1,100	1,215
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,765	4,660	5,105	2,315	1,100	1,215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,215	555	660	655	380	270
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,910	2,555	3,355	1,355	525	830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,615	1,530	1,080	290	185	105
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,650	6,135	5,515	2,655	1,375	1,275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,100	5,400	4,700	2,390	1,255	1,130
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	700	280	420	170	65	105
Public transit	550	300	255	10	10	0
Walked	175	105	70	65	35	20
Bicycle	15	0	10	10	10	0
Other method	105	50	60	20	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,655	6,135	5,515	2,655	1,375	1,275
Less than 15 minutes	1,755	760	995	885	455	430
15 to 29 minutes	3,650	1,540	2,110	1,205	555	645
30 to 44 minutes	2,390	1,355	1,035	265	150	115
45 to 59 minutes	1,610	945	670	125	75	45
60 minutes and over	2,250	1,535	715	175	140	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,650	6,135	5,515	2,655	1,375	1,275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,190	1,000	185	135	115	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,320	1,485	835	455	275	180
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,120	1,535	1,585	970	540	425
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,275	825	1,455	605	205	395
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,245	515	725	130	55	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,505	775	730	370	185	180
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,670	7,550	7,125	3,535	1,900	1,635
Single responses	14,520	7,465	7,055	3,525	1,890	1,635
Official languages	14,400	7,395	7,000	3,520	1,895	1,630
English	14,330	7,375	6,955	3,505	1,880	1,625
French	65	20	50	15	10	0
Non-official languages	125	70	55	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	130	70	55	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	80	65	10	10	10
English and French	50	30	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	50	50	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,670	7,545	7,120	3,535	1,895	1,635
None	14,120	7,285	6,835	3,455	1,850	1,605
English	120	40	80	0	0	10
French	135	40	95	20	15	10
Non-official language	280	165	120	45	30	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	280	165	115	30	25	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	23,230	11,545	11,685	5,625	2,840	2,785
Non-movers	20,850	10,410	10,440	5,090	2,585	2,500
Movers	2,375	1,135	1,240	535	250	285
Non-migrants	745	360	385	280	115	170
Migrants	1,630	775	855	255	135	115
Internal migrants	1,560	745	810	250	130	115
Intraprovincial migrants	1,470	705	770	165	85	85
Interprovincial migrants	90	40	50	85	55	35
External migrants	75	30	40	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	22,250	11,090	11,160	5,335	2,690	2,645
Non-movers	15,305	7,720	7,585	3,870	1,985	1,885
Movers	6,940	3,370	3,570	1,470	705	765
Non-migrants	2,075	1,005	1,070	715	315	400
Migrants	4,865	2,365	2,500	755	390	365
Internal migrants	4,600	2,230	2,370	710	360	350
Intraprovincial migrants	4,490	2,170	2,320	570	280	290
Interprovincial migrants	110	60	50	140	85	55
External migrants	270	135	130	50	35	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. East Gwillimbury, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Portage la Prairie, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba