Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dufferin, CTY Ontario [Census division]			Division No. 10, CDR Manitoba [Census division]
	Data quality , Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario Map : Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	61,735	...	...	11,941	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	56,881	...	...	10,673	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.5	...	...	11.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	22,889	...	...	3,786	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	21,918	...	...	3,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	41.5	...	...	6.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,486.44	...	...	1,916.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	61,735	30,475	31,260	11,940	6,070	5,870
0 to 14 years	11,440	5,775	5,670	2,655	1,345	1,310
0 to 4 years	3,575	1,885	1,690	815	440	370
5 to 9 years	3,895	1,970	1,925	930	450	485
10 to 14 years	3,975	1,920	2,055	915	455	455
15 to 64 years	41,235	20,535	20,695	7,935	4,040	3,895
15 to 19 years	4,275	2,235	2,045	870	465	405
20 to 24 years	3,865	2,020	1,840	735	395	345
25 to 29 years	3,425	1,725	1,700	610	310	300
30 to 34 years	3,585	1,785	1,795	700	340	360
35 to 39 years	3,770	1,845	1,920	770	385	380
40 to 44 years	4,180	1,985	2,190	835	420	420
45 to 49 years	4,715	2,330	2,385	830	410	415
50 to 54 years	5,375	2,630	2,745	1,020	525	500
55 to 59 years	4,480	2,235	2,245	915	460	455
60 to 64 years	3,570	1,745	1,830	640	330	310
65 years and over	9,060	4,165	4,895	1,350	685	665
65 to 69 years	3,140	1,525	1,620	535	275	260
70 to 74 years	2,245	1,105	1,145	365	195	175
75 to 79 years	1,495	685	810	245	125	115
80 to 84 years	1,075	480	595	120	60	55
85 years and over	1,100	375	725	90	25	60
85 to 89 years	705	255	450	55	15	40
90 to 94 years	310	95	210	30	10	15
95 to 99 years	80	20	55	0	0	5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	18.9	18.1	22.2	22.2	22.3
15 to 64 years	66.8	67.4	66.2	66.5	66.6	66.4
65 years and over	14.7	13.7	15.7	11.3	11.3	11.3
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	0.8	0.4	1.0
Average age of the population	39.6	38.8	40.3	36.9	36.7	37.1
Median age of the population	40.7	39.6	41.5	37.6	37.3	37.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	21,915	...	...	3,680	...	...
Single-detached house	16,685	...	...	3,430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,705	...	...	115	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,385	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	1,375	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,600	...	...	65	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 person	4,180	...	...	510	...	...
2 persons	7,225	...	...	1,365	...	...
3 persons	3,850	...	...	605	...	...
4 persons	4,090	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	2,575	...	...	440	...	...
Number of persons in private households	60,845	...	...	10,455	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,295	24,705	25,595	9,285	4,725	4,560
Married or living common law	30,940	15,460	15,485	6,355	3,180	3,175
Married	25,710	12,855	12,860	5,650	2,825	2,825
Living common law	5,230	2,605	2,625	705	355	350
Not married and not living common law	19,350	9,245	10,105	2,925	1,545	1,385
Never married	12,535	6,970	5,565	2,265	1,275	990
Separated	1,500	645	855	140	75	65
Divorced	2,675	1,045	1,630	240	125	115
Widowed	2,640	585	2,055	285	70	215
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	17,965	...	...	3,150	...	...
2 persons	8,140	...	...	1,420	...	...
3 persons	4,000	...	...	600	...	...
4 persons	4,020	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	1,810	...	...	380	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	17,965	...	...	3,150	...	...
Total couple families	15,265	...	...	2,895	...	...
Married couples	12,650	...	...	2,545	...	...
Common-law couples	2,610	...	...	355	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,705	...	...	250	...	...
Female parent	2,055	...	...	165	...	...
Male parent	650	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15,265	...	...	2,895	...	...
Couples without children	6,625	...	...	1,270	...	...
Couples with children	8,640	...	...	1,630	...	...
1 child	3,120	...	...	520	...	...
2 children	3,770	...	...	730	...	...
3 or more children	1,750	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,705	...	...	255	...	...
1 child	1,520	...	...	150	...	...
2 children	875	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	310	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,790	3,260	3,530	780	445	340
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
One-census-family households	16,545	...	...	3,065	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,045	...	...	1,240	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,500	...	...	1,825	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	695	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,675	...	...	570	...	...
One-person households	4,180	...	...	515	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	495	...	...	60	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	61,180	30,265	30,920	11,940	6,070	5,870
English only	57,385	28,685	28,695	10,470	5,370	5,100
French only	15	10	5	10	5	0
English and French	3,550	1,465	2,085	1,385	655	730
Neither English nor French	225	105	120	80	45	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	61,180	30,265	30,920	11,940	6,070	5,870
English	60,210	29,825	30,380	11,255	5,735	5,520
French	640	280	360	610	295	310
English and French	105	50	50	10	5	10
Neither English nor French	220	105	125	70	35	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	695	305	385	610	295	315
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.2	5.1	4.9	5.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	61,180	30,265	30,915	11,940	6,070	5,870
Single responses	60,525	29,925	30,595	11,725	5,965	5,760
Official languages	55,115	27,320	27,800	9,660	4,940	4,715
English	54,430	27,020	27,405	9,020	4,630	4,385
French	690	300	395	640	315	330
Non-official languages	5,400	2,605	2,795	2,065	1,025	1,045
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,400	2,605	2,795	2,055	1,020	1,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	105	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	105	70	0	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	60	45	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	45	30	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	25	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	250	80	165	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	55	135	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,415	2,180	2,235	2,005	995	1,015
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	825	385	445	135	65	70
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	800	365	435	135	65	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	110	55	55	5	5	0
Czech	40	15	20	0	0	5
Macedonian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	435	205	230	20	5	15
Russian	55	25	35	30	15	15
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	25	45	65	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,240	580	660	1,780	880	895
Afrikaans	15	5	10	5	5	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	5	0
Dutch	410	195	215	20	15	5
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	750	350	400	1,750	860	885
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	80	35	40	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	670	325	340	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	630	310	310	40	20	20
Bengali	15	10	5	5	0	5
Gujarati	40	20	20	10	5	5
Hindi	60	35	30	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	205	220	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,575	835	735	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	525	315	210	10	5	5
Portuguese	610	310	300	15	5	5
Romanian	85	40	45	10	5	5
Spanish	350	165	180	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	35	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	35	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	25	5	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70	10	5	5
Chinese languages	125	55	65	10	10	5
Cantonese	45	25	20	5	5	0
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	20	35	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	175	70	100	10	5	5
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	50	70	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	340	320	215	105	110
English and French	125	70	55	45	25	25
English and non-official language	500	255	245	165	75	85
French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	61,175	30,265	30,915	11,940	6,075	5,870
Single responses	60,115	29,750	30,360	11,785	5,995	5,785
Official languages	58,440	28,925	29,520	10,190	5,215	4,975
English	58,295	28,860	29,435	10,015	5,135	4,885
French	145	65	85	175	80	90
Non-official languages	1,670	825	845	1,590	780	810
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,670	825	840	1,590	780	810
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	40	60	10	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	40	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,290	650	640	1,570	770	805
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	115	115	30	15	10
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	230	115	115	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	145	85	70	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	15	20	10	10
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	270	135	135	1,485	730	755
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	220	110	110	1,475	720	755
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	370	185	190	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	350	175	180	30	10	10
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	5	0	5
Hindi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	125	135	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	395	205	190	40	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	35	35	5	0	0
Portuguese	145	75	70	0	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	140	75	65	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	5	0	0
Chinese languages	50	25	25	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,065	510	555	160	75	85
English and French	80	40	40	30	15	15
English and non-official language	965	460	500	125	60	70
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	61,180	30,260	30,915	11,940	6,070	5,870
None	57,655	28,700	28,955	10,415	5,340	5,080
English	770	380	395	970	470	500
French	680	265	410	295	140	155
Non-official language	2,020	900	1,125	250	115	130
Aboriginal	5	0	5	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,015	895	1,125	240	110	130
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	49,430	24,405	25,025	8,310	4,255	4,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,485	23,470	24,025	7,960	4,060	3,890
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,850	48,077	29,595	46,309	58,182	36,468
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,495	23,465	24,025	7,960	4,065	3,900
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,928	41,845	27,248	39,264	48,081	31,730
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,140	22,275	21,865	7,695	3,975	3,715
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,864	46,851	26,470	43,500	56,293	33,897
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,050	13,950	18,100	4,770	1,945	2,825
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,165	1,922	5,166	3,853	4,448	3,842
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,215	19,895	18,320	6,725	3,565	3,160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,930	47,505	28,354	43,597	55,881	34,880
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	49,430	24,405	25,030	8,315	4,240	4,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	23,435	24,040	7,955	4,020	3,935
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,074	58,085	38,316	57,041	66,445	47,441
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	23,435	24,040	7,955	4,020	3,940
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,813	47,067	32,742	45,081	51,322	38,715
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,120	22,240	21,880	7,705	3,935	3,770
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,518	57,071	35,794	54,816	64,505	44,708
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,820	13,705	18,120	4,780	1,930	2,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,232	6,724	7,617	6,567	6,851	6,374
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,215	19,865	18,355	6,725	3,515	3,205
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,844	54,944	35,995	52,000	62,151	40,861
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	49,435	24,405	25,025	8,315	4,240	4,075
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,030	11,705	8,325	3,795	2,275	1,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,654	63,201	47,579	64,590	69,537	55,737
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,151	70,641	52,614	69,780	77,026	58,944
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.1	93.3	85.4	93.2	95.2	90.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.9	79.8	72.6	78.5	81.1	74.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.9	6.7	14.6	6.8	4.9	10.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	49,435	24,405	25,030	8,310	4,250	4,060
Without total income	1,940	940	1,005	350	190	165
With total income	47,485	23,465	24,025	7,960	4,065	3,895
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.0	95.8	95.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,410	2,590	3,820	820	305	515
$10,000 to $19,999	7,360	2,750	4,605	970	360	610
$20,000 to $29,999	6,080	2,395	3,685	835	340	500
$30,000 to $39,999	4,960	2,165	2,790	845	345	500
$40,000 to $49,999	4,805	2,260	2,545	800	390	410
$50,000 to $59,999	3,965	2,105	1,865	695	360	335
$60,000 to $69,999	3,355	2,005	1,350	670	370	300
$70,000 to $79,999	2,580	1,660	920	535	330	205
$80,000 to $89,999	2,010	1,280	735	455	280	175
$90,000 to $99,999	1,685	1,065	625	330	225	105
$100,000 and over	4,270	3,175	1,090	995	760	235
$100,000 to $149,999	3,070	2,245	830	690	510	180
$150,000 and over	1,195	935	260	305	255	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,430	24,405	25,030	8,310	4,255	4,060
Without after-tax income	1,935	940	1,000	350	190	155
With after-tax income	47,495	23,465	24,025	7,965	4,060	3,895
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.0	95.8	95.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,625	2,640	3,975	885	320	565
$10,000 to $19,999	7,740	2,900	4,840	1,050	400	650
$20,000 to $29,999	7,050	2,870	4,175	1,045	425	620
$30,000 to $39,999	6,100	2,770	3,325	1,080	480	600
$40,000 to $49,999	5,700	2,940	2,760	985	515	470
$50,000 to $59,999	4,495	2,695	1,805	855	485	370
$60,000 to $69,999	3,240	2,065	1,170	730	460	275
$70,000 to $79,999	2,390	1,540	850	480	320	160
$80,000 and over	4,170	3,045	1,120	850	665	190
$80,000 to $89,999	1,465	985	480	285	215	65
$90,000 to $99,999	915	665	255	165	125	40
$100,000 and over	1,790	1,400	390	405	320	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	49,435	24,405	25,025	8,310	4,255	4,055
Without employment income	11,215	4,510	6,705	1,580	685	895
With employment income	38,215	19,895	18,325	6,725	3,565	3,160
Percentage with employment income	77.3	81.5	73.2	80.9	83.8	77.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,065	2,370	2,695	715	335	380
$5,000 to $9,999	3,010	1,215	1,795	455	195	260
$10,000 to $19,999	4,825	2,010	2,820	725	320	400
$20,000 to $29,999	3,725	1,575	2,150	625	260	370
$30,000 to $39,999	3,515	1,545	1,970	620	260	360
$40,000 to $49,999	3,500	1,635	1,860	550	250	295
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	1,700	1,385	575	295	285
$60,000 to $69,999	2,680	1,670	1,015	530	295	235
$70,000 to $79,999	2,125	1,395	725	445	280	165
$80,000 and over	6,680	4,775	1,905	1,485	1,080	405
$80,000 to $89,999	1,655	1,115	545	385	245	145
$90,000 to $99,999	1,535	945	590	285	195	95
$100,000 and over	3,485	2,715	770	805	645	160
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	21,915	...	...	3,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,608	...	...	109,483	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,256	...	...	89,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,175	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,592	...	...	43,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,548	...	...	37,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,735	...	...	3,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,242	...	...	119,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,109	...	...	97,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,141	...	...	123,342	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,245	...	...	97,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,175	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,938	...	...	54,708	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,417	...	...	44,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,745	...	...	3,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,132	...	...	134,044	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,030	...	...	105,848	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	21,915	...	...	3,680	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	495	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	695	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	540	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	655	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	670	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	665	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,455	...	...	185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,550	...	...	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	...	...	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,555	...	...	2,055	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,980	...	...	545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,190	...	...	495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,565	...	...	570	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,820	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,915	...	...	3,675	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	725	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	800	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	810	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	850	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,910	...	...	275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,890	...	...	255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,815	...	...	290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,680	...	...	300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,565	...	...	280	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,200	...	...	1,545	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,010	...	...	645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,875	...	...	410	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,320	...	...	485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,430	...	...	3,130	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,443	...	...	119,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,402	...	...	97,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,880	...	...	1,215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,566	...	...	100,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,206	...	...	81,248	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,695	...	...	1,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,802	...	...	141,385	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,476	...	...	113,818	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,420	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,728	...	...	70,042	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,415	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	17,445	...	...	3,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,412	...	...	133,868	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,340	...	...	105,627	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,870	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,576	...	...	112,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,050	...	...	87,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,725	...	...	1,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,338	...	...	152,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,197	...	...	121,123	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,448	...	...	124,707	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,186	...	...	102,526	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,565	2,785	2,780	635	365	265
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,945	42,082	31,388	41,301	47,904	34,272
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,064	36,768	28,838	35,456	39,712	30,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,560	2,730	2,830	620	325	300
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,327	49,712	41,096	52,004	58,562	44,803
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,749	40,673	34,927	42,228	46,805	37,203
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,110
In the bottom half of the distribution	24,375	11,575	12,800	3,105	1,580	1,525
In the bottom decile	3,520	1,690	1,830	375	210	165
In the second decile	4,250	1,900	2,360	460	215	245
In the third decile	4,880	2,295	2,580	590	300	285
In the fourth decile	5,585	2,710	2,880	675	330	340
In the fifth decile	6,135	2,985	3,150	1,005	525	480
In the top half of the distribution	36,470	18,580	17,885	7,350	3,755	3,590
In the sixth decile	6,695	3,320	3,380	1,235	620	610
In the seventh decile	7,425	3,820	3,610	1,335	685	650
In the eighth decile	7,715	3,925	3,790	1,625	830	800
In the ninth decile	8,155	4,175	3,980	1,665	850	815
In the top decile	6,475	3,345	3,135	1,485	770	715
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,450	5,340	5,110
0 to 17 years	13,960	7,095	6,865	2,600	1,330	1,270
0 to 5 years	4,315	2,235	2,080	780	425	355
18 to 64 years	38,505	19,090	19,415	6,625	3,375	3,250
65 years and over	8,385	3,975	4,410	1,230	640	590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,295	2,425	2,870	640	340	300
0 to 17 years	1,490	760	730	190	105	85
0 to 5 years	470	260	205	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	3,010	1,395	1,615	335	185	155
65 years and over	790	270	520	115	55	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7	8.0	9.4	6.1	6.4	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.7	10.6	7.3	7.9	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.6	9.9	7.7	8.2	8.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.3	8.3	5.1	5.5	4.8
65 years and over (%)	9.4	6.8	11.8	9.3	8.6	11.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,390	1,175	1,215	155	85	65
0 to 17 years	585	310	275	35	25	15
0 to 5 years	170	100	70	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	1,665	810	850	105	55	45
65 years and over	145	55	90	20	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	3.9	4.0	1.5	1.6	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0	1.3	1.9	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	4.5	3.4	0.6	1.2	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.2	4.4	1.6	1.6	1.4
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.6	1.6	0.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	60,845	30,160	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,115
Official languages	60,635	30,055	30,570	10,440	5,335	5,105
English	60,605	30,050	30,560	10,420	5,330	5,095
French	3,560	1,425	2,130	1,370	670	705
Non-official languages	6,995	3,400	3,595	860	405	460
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,975	3,385	3,585	855	400	450
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	90	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	95	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	55	35	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	10	35	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	35	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	310	100	210	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	85	175	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	55	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	65	45	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,805	2,890	2,910	715	345	370
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	940	430	515	115	60	50
Baltic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	925	415	510	115	65	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Croatian	95	45	50	10	0	0
Czech	45	25	25	0	0	10
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	515	240	270	25	10	15
Russian	95	40	60	10	0	10
Serbian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	30	60	70	45	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,480	700	780	480	250	230
Afrikaans	25	10	15	10	10	10
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	515	240	280	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	940	455	485	460	240	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	140	50	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	805	395	405	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	730	365	365	30	10	15
Bengali	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hindi	230	105	125	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	440	220	225	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	30	20	0	0	0
Urdu	110	65	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	25	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,510	1,350	1,160	110	35	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	765	470	300	10	0	10
Portuguese	950	515	440	35	10	20
Romanian	150	75	75	0	0	0
Spanish	770	350	425	65	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	75	80	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	10	30	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	25	45	30	10	25
American Sign Language	25	10	15	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	20	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	55	20	10	10
Chinese languages	90	35	50	20	15	10
Cantonese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	15	30	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	40	80	10	10	10
Estonian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	40	30	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,115
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	59,075	29,365	29,710	10,225	5,255	4,975
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,855	7,100	6,755	2,615	1,355	1,260
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,220	22,260	22,955	7,605	3,890	3,715
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,770	790	980	230	90	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	60,845	30,155	30,685	10,450	5,340	5,110
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	52,325	26,110	26,215	9,850	5,050	4,795
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,360	3,970	4,390	585	275	305
Before 1981	4,445	2,170	2,270	215	105	115
1981 to 1990	1,165	555	605	90	50	40
1991 to 2000	1,130	515	620	75	40	40
2001 to 2010	1,155	540	615	160	85	75
2001 to 2005	640	300	340	70	30	35
2006 to 2010	515	235	280	90	50	40
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	465	190	275	40	10	40
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	155	70	85	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,360	3,975	4,390	585	275	305
Under 5 years	1,335	680	660	65	40	20
5 to 14 years	1,990	985	1,005	175	100	80
15 to 24 years	2,065	915	1,150	125	45	85
25 to 44 years	2,600	1,245	1,355	165	70	90
45 years and over	380	160	220	55	30	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,365	3,975	4,390	585	275	310
Americas	1,555	680	875	140	50	95
Brazil	35	15	25	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	15	10	10	0
Guyana	185	55	120	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	410	175	235	10	10	0
Mexico	50	30	25	15	10	10
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	185	90	95	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	380	170	215	85	15	70
Other places of birth in Americas	240	110	130	20	10	10
Europe	5,150	2,535	2,615	310	165	150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	45	25	15	10	0	10
France	25	10	10	40	20	25
Germany	440	210	230	95	50	45
Greece	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungary	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	30	40	10	0	0
Italy	320	205	115	0	0	0
Netherlands	415	205	210	0	0	0
Poland	310	145	160	15	10	0
Portugal	455	245	210	15	0	10
Romania	115	50	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	15	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,360	1,130	1,225	85	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	420	180	240	15	15	0
Africa	300	135	165	30	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	10	40	10	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	90	50	40	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,300	590	710	100	50	50
Afghanistan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	380	190	190	25	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	15	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	30	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	55	50	0	0	0
Philippines	320	115	210	35	10	20
Sri Lanka	80	45	40	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	15	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	75	45	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	465	190	275	45	10	35
Americas	85	40	45	0	0	0
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	100	25	75	10	0	10
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	20	30	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	240	105	135	25	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	95	45	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	55	60	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,115
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,755	4,165	4,595	630	295	335
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,405	6,715	6,695	1,360	655	705
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	38,685	19,280	19,405	8,465	4,390	4,070
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,005	1,835	2,170	380	185	200
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,795	900	900	230	115	120
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	705	455	250	65	40	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,095	440	650	170	75	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,800	710	1,090	145	60	80
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	360	210	155	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,450	5,340	5,110
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,170	605	565	1,115	545	575
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,100	575	525	1,090	540	555
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	765	420	345	120	55	65
Métis	325	145	180	960	480	480
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	25	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	10	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	59,680	29,555	30,120	9,335	4,795	4,540
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,450	5,340	5,110
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	410	195	220	135	60	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,435	29,965	30,475	10,320	5,280	5,035
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,115
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	165	110	60	135	75	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	170	110	60	115	70	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	120	85	40	20	15	0
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	90	50	35
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,065	995	1,070	1,250	630	615
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,045	980	1,065	1,190	615	575
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,750	860	895	225	120	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	110	170	960	490	470
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	10	60	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	58,615	29,050	29,560	9,075	4,630	4,445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	60,845	30,155	30,690	10,455	5,340	5,110
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,925	2,285	2,635	305	165	140
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,245	635	610	55	30	25
Chinese	220	95	130	25	15	10
Black	1,595	775	825	65	45	20
Filipino	470	185	290	60	25	35
Latin American	405	210	190	20	10	10
Arab	70	35	35	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	155	60	95	20	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Korean	95	55	45	10	10	0
Japanese	60	10	45	25	15	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	245	85	160	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	275	105	170	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	55,920	27,870	28,045	10,145	5,175	4,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	60,845	30,155	30,685	10,455	5,340	5,115
North American Aboriginal origins	2,230	1,105	1,125	1,380	705	670
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,890	955	935	315	160	150
Inuit	25	20	0	15	0	10
Métis	335	140	200	1,130	570	555
Other North American origins	22,005	10,760	11,240	3,195	1,645	1,545
Acadian	75	40	35	0	0	0
American	795	340	455	105	50	55
Canadian	21,410	10,520	10,890	3,105	1,605	1,505
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	65	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	46,860	23,380	23,485	8,910	4,510	4,400
British Isles origins	34,870	17,160	17,710	4,850	2,440	2,410
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	21,520	10,590	10,935	2,795	1,420	1,380
Irish	15,120	7,230	7,885	1,655	810	845
Manx	10	10	0	10	0	10
Scottish	15,510	7,610	7,895	2,480	1,195	1,285
Welsh	1,485	700	785	190	100	85
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,980	955	1,025	215	100	115
French origins	5,220	2,530	2,690	2,090	1,030	1,055
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,220	2,530	2,685	2,085	1,030	1,060
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,450	5,305	5,145	3,550	1,765	1,785
Austrian	360	175	180	80	40	45
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	110	95	510	240	265
Dutch	3,785	1,830	1,955	720	355	370
Flemish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	6,485	3,360	3,125	2,560	1,305	1,260
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	280	115	165	150	65	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,220	520	705	1,015	510	510
Danish	295	140	155	60	10	50
Finnish	260	90	175	40	20	20
Icelandic	55	25	25	305	145	155
Norwegian	355	175	180	400	230	170
Swedish	250	100	150	250	120	130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	50	40	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	5,725	2,935	2,785	2,570	1,270	1,295
Bulgarian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	10	0	0
Czech	215	125	90	90	20	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	125	75	50	25	20	0
Estonian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	630	325	310	55	25	25
Latvian	110	50	65	15	0	15
Lithuanian	115	60	55	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,210	1,145	1,065	765	390	375
Romanian	340	180	165	35	15	20
Russian	490	255	235	575	290	285
Slovak	140	75	65	50	40	10
Ukrainian	2,075	1,015	1,060	1,490	745	745
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	7,670	4,030	3,645	365	155	205
Albanian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	315	180	140	10	0	10
Cypriot	20	0	20	0	0	0
Greek	445	195	250	15	0	10
Italian	3,930	2,145	1,780	215	105	110
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Maltese	430	180	250	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,045	1,110	930	60	20	35
Serbian	45	20	25	20	10	15
Sicilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Spanish	530	260	270	45	10	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	40	45	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	245	115	125	60	30	30
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	115	55	60	30	15	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	60	65	30	15	15
Caribbean origins	1,640	760	880	45	25	15
Antiguan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	50	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	990	455	535	25	15	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	130	145	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	200	75	125	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	40	20	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	875	425	450	65	25	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chilean	30	20	15	10	10	0
Colombian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Guatemalan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	270	135	130	10	10	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	140	85	60	35	0	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	15	20	15	10	10
Uruguayan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	35	0	0	0
African origins	805	390	415	50	20	25
Central and West African origins	255	135	120	25	20	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	45	25	0	0	0
Guinean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	50	40	30	20	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	110	55	55	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	30	60	20	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	405	180	220	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	380	175	205	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,205	1,485	1,720	285	145	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	505	230	275	35	15	15
Afghan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	10	30	0	0	0
Armenian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	35	60	10	15	0
Iraqi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	10	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	50	45	0	10	10
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	55	60	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,420	710	710	80	45	40
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,095	525	575	75	40	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	130	75	50	10	10	10
Punjabi	125	65	60	0	0	0
Sinhalese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tamil	45	30	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,315	545	775	170	80	85
Burmese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	430	205	230	25	15	10
Filipino	555	215	345	80	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	20	65	35	10	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	50	45	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	10	10	10
Tibetan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	30	70	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	40	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	115	90	10	10	0
Australian	130	60	70	10	10	0
New Zealander	75	45	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
Owner	18,095	...	...	3,405	...	...
Renter	3,825	...	...	275	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
Condominium	1,020	...	...	115	...	...
Not condominium	20,905	...	...	3,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,365	...	...	100	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,720	...	...	425	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,115	...	...	1,605	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,695	...	...	1,550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,495	...	...	220	...	...
5 rooms	2,750	...	...	435	...	...
6 rooms	3,670	...	...	635	...	...
7 rooms	3,950	...	...	540	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,055	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	21,915	...	...	3,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,765	...	...	3,670	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
Suitable	21,265	...	...	3,645	...	...
Not suitable	655	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
1960 or before	3,960	...	...	670	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,860	...	...	840	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,305	...	...	430	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,380	...	...	680	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,935	...	...	275	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,590	...	...	385	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,890	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	20,765	...	...	3,495	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,155	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	21,920	...	...	3,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	11,255	...	...	1,635	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,190	...	...	2,015	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	475	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	21,920	...	...	3,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	285	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,650	...	...	445	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,095	...	...	720	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,460	...	...	900	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,480	...	...	795	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,985	...	...	525	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,540	...	...	185	...	...
85 years and over	420	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	21,380	...	...	3,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,110	...	...	3,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,270	...	...	355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,730	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,625	...	...	3,175	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.5	...	...	67.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.4	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,622	...	...	1,301	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,650	...	...	1,393	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	428,604	...	...	379,128	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	496,451	...	...	418,932	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,795	...	...	265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.2	...	...	28.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,076	...	...	719	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,093	...	...	787	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,435	24,405	25,030	8,315	4,240	4,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,080	4,950	4,130	1,325	760	560
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,040	8,060	7,985	2,375	1,175	1,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,310	11,390	12,915	4,610	2,300	2,315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,645	2,790	850	840	675	165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,470	955	510	350	225	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,170	1,835	330	490	450	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,215	5,275	6,940	1,600	685	915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	880	355	520	445	210	235
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,570	2,970	4,600	1,730	730	1,005
Bachelor's degree	5,610	2,130	3,480	1,295	555	740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	215	375	160	60	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	90	85	25	15	0
Master's degree	1,110	490	620	220	85	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	40	25	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	32,935	16,065	16,865	5,735	2,875	2,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	2,075	1,395	445	300	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,390	5,365	5,020	1,565	790	785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,070	8,620	10,450	3,725	1,785	1,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,650	2,035	615	655	510	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,085	705	380	255	155	100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,560	1,325	240	395	355	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,790	4,140	5,650	1,270	560	710
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	630	265	360	340	155	180
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,005	2,180	3,825	1,455	565	895
Bachelor's degree	4,480	1,585	2,895	1,095	425	670
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	155	320	125	45	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	65	70	20	10	10
Master's degree	860	350	510	195	70	125
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	30	25	25	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,435	24,405	25,030	8,315	4,235	4,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,130	13,010	12,115	3,695	1,935	1,760
Education	1,665	360	1,310	370	85	280
13. Education	1,665	360	1,310	370	85	285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,125	485	635	70	20	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	175	125	40	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	950	360	595	60	10	50
Humanities	1,080	405	680	165	55	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	15	55	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	245	95	155	35	20	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	120	210	75	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	25	30	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	55	40	20	0	20
54. History	225	85	140	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	55	0	50	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,015	745	2,265	355	110	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	85	140	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	70	870	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	425	75	345	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	0	55	10	10	0
42. Psychology	480	130	350	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	860	375	485	140	80	60
Business, management and public administration	4,420	1,575	2,840	895	360	540
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	390	70	320	90	20	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,020	1,505	2,515	805	340	470
Physical and life sciences and technologies	685	325	360	155	85	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	90	185	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	95	105	65	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	150	110	40	15	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	690	430	260	110	55	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	525	355	175	105	60	50
25. Library science	55	15	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	45	45	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,140	4,910	230	1,015	975	40
04. Architecture and related services	140	115	30	20	15	0
14. Engineering	480	425	55	85	80	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,110	1,030	85	195	180	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,040	1,035	10	245	250	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,675	1,645	30	370	365	10
48. Precision production	685	665	25	95	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	480	310	415	335	80
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	525	325	205	395	315	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	160	100	15	20	0
Health and related fields	3,650	560	3,095	785	75	710
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	450	200	250	40	0	40
51. Health professions and related programs	3,165	340	2,825	735	70	665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,025	1,125	905	280	155	130
12. Personal and culinary services	905	215	695	140	30	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	610	175	90	70	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	290	40	55	55	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	32,935	16,065	16,865	5,735	2,875	2,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,855	7,440	6,415	2,015	1,085	925
Education	1,230	235	995	280	60	220
13. Education	1,230	235	995	280	60	220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	940	410	530	55	10	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	90	30	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	820	320	500	45	0	45
Humanities	815	285	530	110	35	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	15	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	195	60	130	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	85	165	55	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	15	20	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	25	15	0	10
54. History	170	60	105	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	30	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,440	555	1,885	295	80	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	75	120	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	45	695	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	360	50	310	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	0	60	10	0	10
42. Psychology	380	95	285	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	695	285	405	115	60	55
Business, management and public administration	3,680	1,230	2,455	755	295	455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	55	280	90	20	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,345	1,170	2,175	665	275	385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	505	230	275	120	55	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	65	145	45	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	65	60	50	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	125	80	40	15	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	550	345	210	105	50	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450	295	155	105	50	50
25. Library science	25	10	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,930	3,730	200	810	780	30
04. Architecture and related services	125	95	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	360	315	50	80	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	840	785	60	160	150	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	790	780	10	190	185	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,360	1,335	25	305	295	10
48. Precision production	450	430	25	80	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	585	325	265	320	260	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	230	180	305	240	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	95	85	20	15	0
Health and related fields	2,805	395	2,405	650	55	600
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	135	180	40	0	40
51. Health professions and related programs	2,460	245	2,215	600	50	555
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	15	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,575	885	690	220	100	115
12. Personal and culinary services	670	145	520	110	0	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	645	495	150	70	50	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	240	20	40	40	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,435	24,405	25,030	8,315	4,240	4,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,125	13,010	12,115	3,700	1,935	1,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,310	11,390	12,910	4,615	2,300	2,315
Location of study inside Canada	21,930	10,100	11,830	4,420	2,215	2,205
Same as province or territory of residence	20,710	9,555	11,155	3,880	1,900	1,980
Different than province or territory of residence	1,220	545	680	535	310	225
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,375	1,290	1,085	200	85	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	225	225	75	40	40
Philippines	155	35	120	15	0	10
India	115	55	65	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	590	430	160	20	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	25	0	20	10	0	0
Other	1,035	545	490	50	20	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	32,935	16,065	16,865	5,735	2,875	2,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,860	7,445	6,415	2,015	1,085	930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,075	8,620	10,455	3,725	1,790	1,935
Location of study inside Canada	17,535	7,895	9,640	3,555	1,720	1,835
Same as province or territory of residence	16,590	7,475	9,120	3,115	1,465	1,650
Different than province or territory of residence	945	420	525	440	255	190
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,540	730	810	165	65	100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	325	140	180	60	30	40
Philippines	150	30	115	15	0	15
India	110	50	60	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	265	170	95	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	20	10	15	10	10	0
Other	665	330	330	45	20	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	49,430	24,400	25,030	8,315	4,235	4,075
In the labour force	35,640	18,720	16,920	6,120	3,275	2,850
Employed	33,535	17,645	15,895	5,855	3,105	2,750
Unemployed	2,105	1,080	1,025	270	165	100
Not in the labour force	13,790	5,680	8,110	2,195	965	1,225
Participation rate	72.1	76.7	67.6	73.6	77.3	69.9
Employment rate	67.8	72.3	63.5	70.4	73.3	67.5
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.8	6.1	4.4	5.0	3.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	49,430	24,405	25,030	8,310	4,235	4,075
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	12,635	5,170	7,470	1,795	785	1,005
Worked	36,795	19,240	17,560	6,520	3,455	3,070
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20,565	12,060	8,500	3,905	2,355	1,550
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	16,235	7,175	9,055	2,615	1,095	1,515
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.7	42.8	44.7	45.1	44.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	35,640	18,720	16,920	6,120	3,275	2,850
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	590	275	310	35	30	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,610	6,090	3,245	2,845
Employee	30,350	15,625	14,720	5,100	2,620	2,480
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,705	2,820	1,890	985	625	365
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	35,640	18,720	16,915	6,120	3,270	2,850
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	590	275	310	30	25	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,605	6,090	3,245	2,840
0 Management occupations	4,275	2,605	1,670	1,070	725	340
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,115	1,380	3,735	880	220	660
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,565	1,255	310	360	295	65
3 Health occupations	1,965	255	1,710	430	45	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,780	1,155	2,625	850	305	545
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	815	380	430	100	35	65
6 Sales and service occupations	7,800	3,005	4,795	990	350	640
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,640	6,160	480	995	950	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,030	745	285	245	185	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,070	1,505	565	170	140	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	35,640	18,725	16,920	6,120	3,270	2,845
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	585	275	310	30	25	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,610	6,090	3,250	2,840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	985	615	375	600	435	165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	65	10	20	20	0
22 Utilities	300	250	45	100	70	25
23 Construction	3,430	2,990	430	565	515	50
31-33 Manufacturing	4,370	3,190	1,185	400	310	85
41 Wholesale trade	1,695	1,165	530	340	270	70
44-45 Retail trade	3,980	1,910	2,075	485	230	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,000	1,375	630	270	210	60
51 Information and cultural industries	600	345	255	65	45	25
52 Finance and insurance	1,050	380	670	225	90	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	735	315	415	50	40	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,005	915	1,095	280	120	160
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	40	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,785	1,010	780	170	110	65
61 Educational services	2,315	580	1,730	560	155	405
62 Health care and social assistance	3,280	375	2,910	650	75	575
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	750	385	365	155	55	100
72 Accommodation and food services	2,320	780	1,540	270	55	215
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,475	760	710	320	160	155
91 Public administration	1,855	1,050	810	555	285	270
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,535	17,640	15,895	5,850	3,105	2,750
Worked at home	3,105	1,515	1,585	755	460	295
Worked outside Canada	55	40	10	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,455	3,330	1,120	625	515	110
Worked at usual place	25,925	12,750	13,180	4,465	2,125	2,340
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,925	12,750	13,175	4,465	2,125	2,340
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,940	2,590	4,350	775	325	445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,955	1,950	3,005	145	55	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,965	8,170	5,795	3,530	1,715	1,810
Commute to a different province or territory	65	40	30	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,380	16,085	14,295	5,090	2,640	2,455
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,400	14,260	12,140	4,655	2,450	2,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,840	905	935	180	50	125
Public transit	370	140	230	55	40	15
Walked	1,390	575	810	145	55	95
Bicycle	115	85	25	20	15	0
Other method	265	120	150	30	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,380	16,085	14,300	5,090	2,640	2,455
Less than 15 minutes	8,515	3,320	5,200	875	455	415
15 to 29 minutes	5,480	2,445	3,035	1,595	795	805
30 to 44 minutes	4,820	2,785	2,030	1,630	860	765
45 to 59 minutes	4,650	2,910	1,745	735	385	350
60 minutes and over	6,915	4,630	2,285	260	145	125
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,380	16,085	14,295	5,090	2,640	2,450
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,015	3,095	925	250	165	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,845	3,655	2,190	1,210	775	435
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,790	3,370	3,430	1,750	940	805
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,430	1,865	3,565	1,085	465	620
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,645	955	1,695	335	95	245
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,645	3,150	2,500	465	200	270
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	37,740	19,710	18,025	6,645	3,510	3,135
Single responses	37,595	19,665	17,930	6,605	3,495	3,110
Official languages	37,445	19,575	17,870	6,580	3,480	3,095
English	37,265	19,530	17,735	6,500	3,455	3,040
French	180	45	135	85	25	60
Non-official languages	145	85	60	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	90	60	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	80	45	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	40	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	50	100	40	15	25
English and French	85	20	60	40	10	25
English and non-official language	65	25	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	37,740	19,710	18,030	6,645	3,505	3,140
None	36,815	19,275	17,540	6,365	3,375	2,995
English	195	90	105	65	25	45
French	345	120	225	160	85	75
Non-official language	370	220	150	50	30	20
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	365	220	150	45	25	15
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	60,195	29,835	30,360	10,350	5,300	5,050
Non-movers	52,135	26,055	26,085	9,625	4,955	4,665
Movers	8,060	3,785	4,270	730	345	385
Non-migrants	2,455	1,165	1,290	275	130	145
Migrants	5,600	2,620	2,980	450	215	240
Internal migrants	5,480	2,555	2,925	440	205	230
Intraprovincial migrants	5,300	2,475	2,830	355	145	210
Interprovincial migrants	175	75	100	85	60	25
External migrants	120	65	55	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	57,285	28,370	28,910	9,815	4,970	4,845
Non-movers	34,955	17,480	17,475	6,975	3,610	3,365
Movers	22,330	10,895	11,435	2,835	1,355	1,480
Non-migrants	7,335	3,565	3,775	815	390	425
Migrants	14,990	7,330	7,660	2,020	965	1,055
Internal migrants	14,480	7,095	7,380	1,980	960	1,025
Intraprovincial migrants	13,970	6,850	7,125	1,735	820	910
Interprovincial migrants	510	245	265	245	135	110
External migrants	515	240	280	40	10	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dufferin, CTY [Census division], Ontario and Division No. 10, CDR [Census division], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba