Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Thorold, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Orangeville, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Thorold, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Thorold, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	28,900	...	...	18,801	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	27,975	...	...	17,931	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,696	...	...	8,498	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,565	...	...	7,466	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,851.9	...	...	226.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.61	...	...	82.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	28,900	13,925	14,975	18,800	9,380	9,420
0 to 14 years	5,495	2,725	2,770	2,915	1,535	1,385
0 to 4 years	1,770	920	850	915	475	435
5 to 9 years	1,910	945	965	950	510	435
10 to 14 years	1,815	860	950	1,055	545	510
15 to 64 years	19,355	9,470	9,885	12,880	6,455	6,425
15 to 19 years	2,040	1,040	1,000	1,235	610	630
20 to 24 years	1,790	940	850	1,655	835	825
25 to 29 years	1,810	900	910	1,290	690	595
30 to 34 years	1,900	955	950	1,085	540	545
35 to 39 years	1,940	955	985	995	490	505
40 to 44 years	2,070	960	1,110	1,150	535	615
45 to 49 years	2,220	1,080	1,135	1,250	640	605
50 to 54 years	2,345	1,090	1,255	1,520	780	740
55 to 59 years	1,795	895	900	1,485	730	755
60 to 64 years	1,450	660	785	1,215	600	610
65 years and over	4,050	1,725	2,325	3,010	1,395	1,615
65 to 69 years	1,275	595	680	940	475	470
70 to 74 years	965	450	515	715	340	375
75 to 79 years	675	285	390	535	255	285
80 to 84 years	540	215	325	385	170	215
85 years and over	595	185	415	425	155	275
85 to 89 years	390	130	265	295	110	185
90 to 94 years	160	45	115	110	40	70
95 to 99 years	40	15	30	20	5	15
100 years and over	10	0	5	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.6	18.5	15.5	16.4	14.7
15 to 64 years	67.0	68.0	66.0	68.5	68.8	68.2
65 years and over	14.0	12.4	15.5	16.0	14.9	17.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.3	2.8	2.3	1.7	2.9
Average age of the population	38.7	37.4	39.8	40.7	39.9	41.5
Median age of the population	38.8	37.3	40.1	41.1	39.9	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Single-detached house	6,365	...	...	5,200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...	170	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,685	...	...	2,095	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,250	...	...	690	...	...
Row house	1,145	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	145	...	...	290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,140	...	...	875	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
1 person	2,330	...	...	2,015	...	...
2 persons	3,245	...	...	2,490	...	...
3 persons	1,910	...	...	1,210	...	...
4 persons	2,045	...	...	1,160	...	...
5 or more persons	1,030	...	...	595	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,350	...	...	18,555	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	23,405	11,195	12,210	15,880	7,845	8,040
Married or living common law	13,490	6,730	6,760	8,580	4,305	4,280
Married	11,075	5,530	5,545	7,050	3,545	3,505
Living common law	2,420	1,200	1,220	1,535	760	775
Not married and not living common law	9,910	4,465	5,445	7,300	3,540	3,760
Never married	6,180	3,330	2,845	4,820	2,605	2,210
Separated	865	340	525	585	275	305
Divorced	1,525	530	995	960	455	510
Widowed	1,340	265	1,075	935	205	725
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,220	...	...	5,215	...	...
2 persons	3,545	...	...	2,635	...	...
3 persons	1,960	...	...	1,140	...	...
4 persons	2,010	...	...	1,045	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	390	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,220	...	...	5,215	...	...
Total couple families	6,640	...	...	4,210	...	...
Married couples	5,435	...	...	3,445	...	...
Common-law couples	1,205	...	...	770	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,580	...	...	1,000	...	...
Female parent	1,240	...	...	785	...	...
Male parent	340	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,640	...	...	4,215	...	...
Couples without children	2,660	...	...	2,030	...	...
Couples with children	3,975	...	...	2,180	...	...
1 child	1,445	...	...	860	...	...
2 children	1,865	...	...	955	...	...
3 or more children	670	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,580	...	...	1,000	...	...
1 child	885	...	...	600	...	...
2 children	515	...	...	280	...	...
3 or more children	180	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,645	1,635	2,015	3,550	1,785	1,765
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
One-census-family households	7,675	...	...	4,915	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,465	...	...	1,910	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,210	...	...	3,000	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	265	...	...	155	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,625	...	...	2,405	...	...
One-person households	2,335	...	...	2,015	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	290	...	...	390	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	28,645	13,820	14,825	18,710	9,305	9,405
English only	26,825	13,085	13,735	17,415	8,735	8,680
French only	10	5	5	15	5	5
English and French	1,765	710	1,050	1,175	530	645
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	110	30	75
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	28,645	13,820	14,825	18,710	9,305	9,405
English	28,235	13,655	14,585	18,230	9,090	9,140
French	330	135	195	335	170	165
English and French	30	15	15	45	15	25
Neither English nor French	50	15	30	105	30	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	350	140	205	355	180	180
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.0	1.4	1.9	1.9	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	28,650	13,815	14,830	18,710	9,305	9,405
Single responses	28,345	13,675	14,665	18,440	9,175	9,270
Official languages	26,380	12,780	13,600	16,150	8,095	8,055
English	26,020	12,635	13,390	15,790	7,910	7,880
French	355	145	210	360	185	175
Non-official languages	1,965	895	1,065	2,285	1,075	1,210
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,960	895	1,065	2,280	1,075	1,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	25	95	55	40
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	90	50	35
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	80	45	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	15	5	5	0	5	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	20	10	15	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	55	105	85	25	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	40	85	70	20	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	5	5	5	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,505	705	800	1,705	805	900
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	305	130	175	310	150	160
Baltic languages	5	0	10	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	300	125	170	305	145	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	45	15	25	40	25	15
Czech	20	5	10	15	10	10
Macedonian	10	0	5	0	0	5
Polish	160	70	90	100	45	60
Russian	20	5	10	40	20	15
Serbian	10	5	10	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	20	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	20	15	10	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	375	150	225	180	90	85
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	135	55	85	65	35	35
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	200	85	115	105	55	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	15	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	95	175	85	90
Indo-Aryan languages	170	85	85	150	75	75
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	15	10	5	15	5	5
Hindi	30	20	15	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	35	45	30	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Urdu	30	15	15	70	40	30
Iranian languages	10	5	10	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	10	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	615	320	295	1,015	465	545
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	190	110	85	820	380	440
Portuguese	235	125	110	25	10	15
Romanian	35	15	20	15	10	5
Spanish	155	70	80	155	65	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	15	5	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	25	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	30	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	35	225	110	115
Chinese languages	50	20	30	220	110	115
Cantonese	20	10	10	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	165	80	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	35	40	20	25
Estonian	5	0	5	10	0	5
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	30	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	300	140	160	270	135	140
English and French	70	30	35	85	45	40
English and non-official language	220	105	115	175	80	90
French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	28,645	13,820	14,825	18,710	9,310	9,405
Single responses	28,250	13,645	14,605	18,240	9,085	9,155
Official languages	27,760	13,415	14,350	17,415	8,715	8,710
English	27,670	13,375	14,295	17,340	8,670	8,670
French	90	35	50	80	40	35
Non-official languages	485	235	255	820	375	450
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	485	230	255	820	375	445
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	15	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	25	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	20	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	10	0	5	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	30	40	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	25	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	10	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	160	165	535	230	305
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	100	50	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	45	95	45	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	10	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	30	15	15
Russian	5	0	0	30	10	15
Serbian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	10	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	85	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	80	40	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	40	20	20
Iranian languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	70	330	130	200
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	260	100	155
Portuguese	45	25	20	10	5	5
Romanian	15	5	10	10	0	5
Spanish	55	25	25	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	10	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	155	85	75
Chinese languages	15	10	10	155	85	75
Cantonese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	135	70	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	395	175	225	465	220	250
English and French	40	15	25	50	25	30
English and non-official language	345	150	195	405	190	215
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	28,645	13,820	14,825	18,710	9,310	9,405
None	27,160	13,210	13,950	17,190	8,580	8,610
English	265	120	135	440	220	220
French	395	140	255	280	125	150
Non-official language	815	345	470	785	370	410
Aboriginal	5	5	5	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	810	340	470	780	370	410
English and French	5	5	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	10	5	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,680	7,955
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,065	10,615	11,450	15,055	7,410	7,640
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,940	48,152	29,961	30,912	37,110	25,902
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,075	10,620	11,455	15,060	7,410	7,650
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,976	41,987	27,512	28,420	33,499	24,290
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,495	10,075	10,425	13,390	6,725	6,665
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,508	47,213	26,379	27,871	34,372	22,468
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,155	6,320	8,835	11,430	5,275	6,155
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,983	1,509	5,179	5,126	3,608	5,899
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,945	9,090	8,855	11,180	5,770	5,400
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,890	49,182	29,079	28,636	33,920	24,754
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	22,875	11,025	11,855	15,635	7,655	7,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,090	10,635	11,450	15,155	7,405	7,745
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,580	54,266	37,512	38,705	44,447	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,085	10,635	11,450	15,155	7,405	7,750
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,277	44,563	32,439	33,247	37,498	29,184
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,510	10,055	10,450	13,380	6,650	6,730
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,354	34,610	37,111	43,637	30,659
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,060	6,235	8,825	11,480	5,210	6,265
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,193	6,505	7,679	7,840	7,485	8,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,945	9,070	8,875	11,180	5,760	5,415
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,476	53,011	35,752	36,973	41,733	31,914
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	22,875	11,025	11,855	15,635	7,655	7,980
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,435	5,365	4,070	5,345	2,935	2,410
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,990	63,314	48,373	47,370	53,379	41,837
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,434	68,192	52,530	55,002	60,431	48,393
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.3	93.1	84.3	85.3	89.0	80.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.9	84.1	74.2	71.1	73.9	67.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.7	6.9	15.7	14.7	11.0	19.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,680	7,955
Without total income	810	405	410	580	265	315
With total income	22,065	10,620	11,450	15,055	7,415	7,640
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.3	96.5	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,810	1,125	1,680	2,295	1,025	1,275
$10,000 to $19,999	3,500	1,260	2,240	2,705	1,075	1,625
$20,000 to $29,999	2,875	1,065	1,810	2,325	880	1,445
$30,000 to $39,999	2,355	990	1,365	2,010	990	1,015
$40,000 to $49,999	2,380	1,045	1,330	1,700	870	830
$50,000 to $59,999	1,900	990	910	1,190	700	490
$60,000 to $69,999	1,630	1,000	635	815	520	295
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	790	450	570	390	180
$80,000 to $89,999	960	610	355	385	245	140
$90,000 to $99,999	790	490	300	340	205	135
$100,000 and over	1,635	1,245	390	725	520	210
$100,000 to $149,999	1,295	970	320	560	395	165
$150,000 and over	335	270	65	165	125	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,680	7,955
Without after-tax income	805	400	400	575	265	305
With after-tax income	22,070	10,615	11,450	15,065	7,410	7,645
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.3	96.6	96.4	96.5	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,875	1,145	1,730	2,345	1,030	1,310
$10,000 to $19,999	3,695	1,335	2,360	2,830	1,125	1,705
$20,000 to $29,999	3,355	1,290	2,070	2,745	1,100	1,640
$30,000 to $39,999	2,945	1,270	1,670	2,310	1,175	1,140
$40,000 to $49,999	2,760	1,390	1,375	1,850	1,010	840
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,310	880	1,075	710	365
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	990	555	695	450	240
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	705	400	480	290	185
$80,000 and over	1,595	1,185	410	725	510	215
$80,000 to $89,999	650	460	195	320	210	110
$90,000 to $99,999	380	280	100	140	105	35
$100,000 and over	565	450	115	265	200	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,680	7,955
Without employment income	4,935	1,930	3,000	4,455	1,905	2,555
With employment income	17,945	9,090	8,855	11,180	5,775	5,400
Percentage with employment income	78.4	82.5	74.7	71.5	75.2	67.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,195	1,000	1,195	1,710	920	790
$5,000 to $9,999	1,435	540	895	1,015	435	580
$10,000 to $19,999	2,280	905	1,380	1,600	695	910
$20,000 to $29,999	1,715	670	1,045	1,415	580	840
$30,000 to $39,999	1,705	740	970	1,245	580	665
$40,000 to $49,999	1,740	760	980	1,110	525	585
$50,000 to $59,999	1,510	825	685	840	495	345
$60,000 to $69,999	1,340	865	480	580	385	190
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	685	370	455	325	130
$80,000 and over	2,960	2,105	855	1,200	835	365
$80,000 to $89,999	820	535	290	330	215	115
$90,000 to $99,999	725	455	275	315	200	120
$100,000 and over	1,415	1,120	295	560	420	135
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,241	...	...	64,650	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,605	...	...	58,065	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,335	...	...	2,015	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,688	...	...	33,396	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,544	...	...	30,208	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,230	...	...	5,455	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,557	...	...	81,209	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,311	...	...	71,919	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,291	...	...	78,555	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,023	...	...	67,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,355	...	...	2,015	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,966	...	...	38,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,850	...	...	33,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,210	...	...	5,450	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,138	...	...	93,428	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,534	...	...	80,166	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,565	...	...	7,470	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	95	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	370	...	...	330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	285	...	...	310	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	320	...	...	320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	360	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	380	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	765	...	...	610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	735	...	...	605	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...	505	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	680	...	...	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	675	...	...	420	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,295	...	...	2,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,505	...	...	840	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,060	...	...	510	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,140	...	...	455	...	...
$200,000 and over	590	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,565	...	...	7,470	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	230	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	295	...	...	295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	365	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...	355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	385	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	415	...	...	410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	420	...	...	445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	445	...	...	415	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	995	...	...	755	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	655	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	870	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	840	...	...	505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	775	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,120	...	...	1,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,485	...	...	745	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	820	...	...	345	...	...
$150,000 and over	820	...	...	360	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,035	...	...	5,160	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,840	...	...	81,455	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,555	...	...	72,038	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...	1,845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	69,973	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,933	...	...	61,856	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,005	...	...	2,210	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,328	...	...	107,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,127	...	...	93,216	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,455	...	...	920	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,070	...	...	50,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,976	...	...	48,405	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,010	...	...	5,095	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,302	...	...	94,605	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,728	...	...	81,022	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,400	...	...	1,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,562	...	...	84,467	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,537	...	...	71,743	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,005	...	...	2,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,032	...	...	116,542	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,988	...	...	99,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,445	...	...	865	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,984	...	...	60,355	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,582	...	...	54,319	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,125	1,425	1,695	3,075	1,580	1,495
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,808	42,770	31,584	26,546	30,400	24,107
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,744	37,227	28,920	25,095	27,712	23,278
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,195	1,420	1,770	3,130	1,540	1,585
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,521	47,561	40,282	33,253	36,136	30,453
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,102	39,738	34,990	29,003	30,973	27,090
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	28,350	13,735	14,615	18,555	9,215	9,335
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,735	5,370	6,365	10,055	4,850	5,200
In the bottom decile	1,640	750	890	2,110	1,035	1,080
In the second decile	2,040	835	1,205	1,795	795	1,000
In the third decile	2,265	1,030	1,235	2,035	955	1,085
In the fourth decile	2,720	1,275	1,445	1,985	1,005	990
In the fifth decile	3,075	1,480	1,595	2,120	1,070	1,050
In the top half of the distribution	16,615	8,360	8,250	8,495	4,365	4,130
In the sixth decile	3,270	1,580	1,685	2,090	1,055	1,040
In the seventh decile	3,755	1,905	1,845	1,985	1,025	960
In the eighth decile	3,740	1,865	1,875	1,925	995	930
In the ninth decile	3,770	1,925	1,845	1,530	790	745
In the top decile	2,085	1,085	1,000	960	500	460
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	28,350	13,735	14,620	18,550	9,215	9,335
0 to 17 years	6,680	3,330	3,355	3,600	1,870	1,735
0 to 5 years	2,140	1,090	1,050	1,090	575	510
18 to 64 years	18,045	8,800	9,240	12,040	6,005	6,040
65 years and over	3,630	1,605	2,025	2,905	1,340	1,565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,425	1,045	1,380	2,725	1,275	1,450
0 to 17 years	700	365	340	665	350	320
0 to 5 years	210	120	90	230	130	105
18 to 64 years	1,365	590	775	1,765	840	925
65 years and over	355	85	265	290	80	210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	7.6	9.4	14.7	13.8	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	11.0	10.1	18.5	18.7	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	11.0	8.6	21.1	22.6	20.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.7	8.4	14.7	14.0	15.3
65 years and over (%)	9.8	5.3	13.1	10.0	6.0	13.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,315	625	690	1,670	830	840
0 to 17 years	345	180	160	280	145	140
0 to 5 years	110	65	45	100	50	55
18 to 64 years	915	425	485	1,335	670	665
65 years and over	55	15	45	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.7	9.0	9.0	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.8	7.8	7.8	8.1
0 to 5 years (%)	5.1	6.0	4.3	9.2	8.7	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.8	5.2	11.1	11.2	11.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	0.9	2.2	1.7	1.1	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	28,350	13,730	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,335
Official languages	28,305	13,715	14,585	18,470	9,185	9,285
English	28,295	13,715	14,575	18,465	9,180	9,290
French	1,850	675	1,175	1,095	495	595
Non-official languages	2,570	1,175	1,390	2,770	1,360	1,415
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	15	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,560	1,175	1,385	2,760	1,345	1,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	60	40	120	75	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	55	30	120	75	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	95	60	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	10	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	20	15	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	25	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	65	150	45	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	50	125	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,985	945	1,040	2,050	965	1,085
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	325	130	190	305	135	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	325	135	190	300	140	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	10
Croatian	25	15	10	65	30	35
Czech	15	0	10	20	10	10
Macedonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	175	70	105	100	40	60
Russian	25	0	20	45	25	20
Serbian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	25	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Germanic languages	425	175	250	210	90	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	170	75	90	70	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	95	145	130	50	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	60	20	40	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	270	130	135	285	150	135
Indo-Aryan languages	220	115	110	270	145	125
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	15	0	10
Hindi	80	35	45	115	60	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	70	80	120	60	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	75	50	25	105	65	45
Iranian languages	50	20	30	15	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	30	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	930	495	435	1,270	595	675
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	240	135	115	900	430	465
Portuguese	345	215	135	55	20	40
Romanian	35	15	20	20	10	0
Spanish	350	150	200	325	145	180
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	25	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	30	20	75	40	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	35	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	10	15	10	0
Swahili	15	0	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	20	45	30	15
American Sign Language	10	10	10	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	10	25	255	140	120
Chinese languages	30	10	20	250	140	110
Cantonese	10	0	15	50	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	205	115	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	25	40	65	30	35
Estonian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	55	25	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	28,355	13,735	14,620	18,550	9,215	9,335
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	27,560	13,400	14,160	17,835	8,875	8,960
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,560	3,275	3,280	3,515	1,895	1,620
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,005	10,125	10,880	14,325	6,980	7,340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	790	330	460	710	340	370
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	28,350	13,730	14,620	18,550	9,215	9,335
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	24,775	12,145	12,630	15,885	7,890	7,990
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,510	1,560	1,950	2,375	1,165	1,210
Before 1981	1,940	865	1,075	1,345	685	665
1981 to 1990	455	215	240	185	95	85
1991 to 2000	415	165	245	245	95	150
2001 to 2010	450	200	255	385	185	200
2001 to 2005	230	110	120	160	60	100
2006 to 2010	220	90	125	225	125	100
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	250	115	135	220	105	115
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	25	45	285	155	130
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,505	1,560	1,945	2,375	1,160	1,215
Under 5 years	620	335	280	385	190	195
5 to 14 years	810	360	450	590	325	270
15 to 24 years	875	325	545	560	265	295
25 to 44 years	1,080	485	595	735	335	400
45 years and over	125	55	70	110	50	60
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,505	1,560	1,950	2,375	1,165	1,215
Americas	615	275	345	435	195	240
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	55	25	30
El Salvador	10	0	10	20	10	15
Guyana	60	15	45	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	115	60	45	50	20	25
Mexico	30	20	15	10	10	0
Peru	15	10	10	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	85	35	45	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	60	95	160	60	100
Other places of birth in Americas	120	50	65	120	70	50
Europe	2,185	1,005	1,180	1,360	690	670
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	25	10	15
Croatia	20	10	0	10	10	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	130	55	75	75	40	30
Greece	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	25	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	15	20	15	15	0
Italy	100	70	30	575	275	300
Netherlands	155	70	85	65	45	20
Poland	105	45	60	75	30	45
Portugal	160	100	65	20	10	10
Romania	40	20	20	10	10	10
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	20	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,185	515	670	370	185	180
Other places of birth in Europe	160	50	110	65	35	30
Africa	90	35	55	110	40	65
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	20	0	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	45	15	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	50	20	30
Asia	600	235	365	470	235	235
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	45	25	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	10	10	10
India	90	45	50	115	50	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	10
Japan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	65	35	35
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	70	40	35	50	30	15
Philippines	220	70	150	20	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	35	105	55	55
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	250	115	135	220	105	115
Americas	40	30	10	85	45	40
Brazil	15	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	10	10
Europe	65	25	40	30	0	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	10	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	20	25	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	15	0	15
Africa	30	10	15	20	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	10	10	10
Asia	115	50	65	90	50	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	25	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	95	40	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	28,350	13,730	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,335
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,690	1,635	2,055	2,720	1,350	1,370
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,260	3,130	3,130	4,040	1,865	2,175
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,400	8,970	9,430	11,795	5,995	5,795
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,615	715	900	1,045	490	555
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	725	340	390	425	230	200
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	275	145	130	175	125	50
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	450	195	255	255	105	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	700	270	430	315	135	180
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	175	100	75	275	120	160
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	30	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	28,350	13,735	14,620	18,550	9,215	9,335
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	560	290	275	585	295	290
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	520	270	250	570	290	285
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	385	215	165	375	185	190
Métis	140	55	80	190	105	90
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	27,790	13,445	14,345	17,970	8,920	9,045
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	28,350	13,735	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,335
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	215	85	130	190	85	105
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,140	13,650	14,490	18,355	9,130	9,230
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	28,350	13,730	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,335
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	85	55	30	60	40	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	85	55	30	60	40	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	60	35	25	35	20	10
Métis single ancestry	20	10	0	20	20	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,035	525	510	880	440	440
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,020	520	505	875	435	440
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	905	475	430	675	340	335
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	25	75	195	95	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	27,230	13,150	14,080	17,610	8,735	8,875
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	28,350	13,730	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,335
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,995	890	1,105	1,775	905	870
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	415	205	210	345	175	170
Chinese	100	35	65	290	160	130
Black	575	280	290	520	280	245
Filipino	280	95	180	45	20	20
Latin American	170	80	90	185	85	100
Arab	40	25	20	90	55	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	30	50	40	10	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	20	30	10	0	0
Korean	60	35	20	75	45	30
Japanese	20	0	20	15	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	15	45	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	145	55	85	140	60	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,360	12,845	13,510	16,775	8,310	8,470
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	28,350	13,735	14,615	18,550	9,215	9,340
North American Aboriginal origins	1,120	585	540	940	480	460
First Nations (North American Indian)	980	520	460	715	365	350
Inuit	20	20	0	10	0	0
Métis	135	50	85	225	115	110
Other North American origins	10,780	5,170	5,605	6,045	3,050	2,995
Acadian	50	30	20	30	20	15
American	465	190	275	205	95	110
Canadian	10,470	5,065	5,405	5,855	2,975	2,885
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	35	20	20	10	15
Nova Scotian	30	10	15	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	10	10	10	10	0
Québécois	10	10	0	25	0	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,120	10,775	11,345	14,275	6,965	7,310
British Isles origins	17,025	8,285	8,735	9,095	4,490	4,610
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	10,550	5,140	5,410	5,065	2,465	2,605
Irish	7,120	3,445	3,685	3,470	1,655	1,815
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,530	3,660	3,875	3,760	1,825	1,935
Welsh	580	280	300	330	140	195
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	960	440	520	600	280	315
French origins	2,805	1,350	1,455	2,525	1,150	1,375
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,805	1,350	1,455	2,505	1,135	1,375
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,655	2,255	2,400	3,335	1,625	1,710
Austrian	210	105	100	40	15	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	35	65	125	70	55
Dutch	1,570	715	850	1,005	475	530
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	2,960	1,465	1,500	2,385	1,175	1,210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	95	35	60	65	20	45
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	540	205	340	290	120	170
Danish	155	55	95	60	25	35
Finnish	115	35	80	40	15	30
Icelandic	40	15	20	35	15	20
Norwegian	165	75	80	45	15	30
Swedish	100	45	55	130	60	70
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	20	30	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	2,825	1,485	1,340	2,525	1,195	1,335
Bulgarian	35	15	20	80	45	35
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	130	75	50	50	20	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	55	20	25	10	15
Estonian	30	10	10	30	15	15
Hungarian	330	170	160	320	130	190
Latvian	55	20	35	15	10	10
Lithuanian	50	20	30	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	1,090	565	515	840	425	415
Romanian	150	85	65	190	75	115
Russian	230	105	125	230	130	105
Slovak	75	45	35	50	30	20
Ukrainian	1,075	560	515	1,120	525	595
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,460	1,795	1,660	3,720	1,925	1,800
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	65	55	125	65	60
Cypriot	20	0	20	0	0	0
Greek	225	110	120	85	30	55
Italian	1,805	965	840	3,155	1,630	1,520
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	110	55	60	25	15	10
Maltese	225	105	120	20	15	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	885	490	400	115	60	60
Serbian	15	0	10	35	20	15
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	20	20	35	25	10
Spanish	230	95	140	160	85	80
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	10	30	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	155	75	85	90	50	40
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	75	40	35	30	15	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	30	50	55	35	20
Caribbean origins	585	295	295	265	130	140
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	55	30	25	45	15	25
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	310	145	165	150	70	80
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	50	45	35	10	25
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	100	55	45	15	15	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	445	220	225	300	140	155
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	10	0	0
Colombian	35	10	25	75	25	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	60	25	30	25	10	15
Guatemalan	15	15	10	40	10	30
Guyanese	150	80	70	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	45	25	40	30	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	30	15	15
Salvadorean	25	10	15	15	10	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	40	15	25	30	15	15
African origins	320	140	180	340	185	155
Central and West African origins	100	40	60	90	30	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	20	15	10
Guinean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	0	15	50	10	50
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	40	20	15	40	20	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	10	15	55	40	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	20	15	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	195	80	115	150	95	55
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	0	20	35	25	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	175	70	105	120	70	50
Asian origins	1,420	640	780	1,085	540	550
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	280	135	145	160	85	80
Afghan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	15	20	0
Armenian	20	0	15	10	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	25	25	15	10	10
Iraqi	30	15	10	10	0	10
Israeli	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	30	25	50	25	25
Palestinian	10	0	0	40	25	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	20	15	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	60	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	410	205	200	395	195	205
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	360	175	185	285	130	155
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	35	10	90	50	35
Punjabi	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	730	285	450	540	275	270
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	205	95	110	320	175	140
Filipino	335	115	220	60	20	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	35	10	30	25	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	35	20	85	50	35
Laotian	0	10	0	15	0	10
Malaysian	35	15	15	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	0	10
Tibetan	10	0	10	15	0	15
Vietnamese	80	20	60	20	0	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	40	25	15	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	35	20	10	0	10
Oceania origins	105	55	55	15	10	10
Australian	85	40	45	15	10	10
New Zealander	25	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Owner	8,160	...	...	5,400	...	...
Renter	2,410	...	...	2,060	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Condominium	690	...	...	70	...	...
Not condominium	9,875	...	...	7,390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	965	...	...	670	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,305	...	...	1,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,385	...	...	3,360	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,880	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,590	...	...	1,210	...	...
5 rooms	1,405	...	...	1,060	...	...
6 rooms	2,010	...	...	1,320	...	...
7 rooms	1,935	...	...	1,150	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,625	...	...	2,725	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,500	...	...	7,420	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
Suitable	10,170	...	...	7,200	...	...
Not suitable	395	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
1960 or before	1,365	...	...	2,840	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,240	...	...	2,045	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,580	...	...	1,055	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,155	...	...	705	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,030	...	...	290	...	...
2006 to 2010	615	...	...	235	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	575	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,565	...	...	7,470	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	10,125	...	...	7,035	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,635	...	...	4,300	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,730	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	200	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,565	...	...	7,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	145	...	...	400	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,530	...	...	1,030	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,090	...	...	1,040	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,635	...	...	1,600	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,895	...	...	1,515	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,270	...	...	980	...	...
75 to 84 years	745	...	...	605	...	...
85 years and over	260	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	10,545	...	...	7,415	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,885	...	...	5,495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,665	...	...	1,915	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,445	...	...	1,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,155	...	...	5,365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.2	...	...	61.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.0	...	...	16.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,635	...	...	1,089	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,600	...	...	1,171	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	400,320	...	...	250,857	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	417,641	...	...	290,812	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,410	...	...	2,065	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.7	...	...	9.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.2	...	...	50.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,099	...	...	820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,126	...	...	910	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,655	7,985
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,190	2,230	1,960	3,095	1,615	1,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,725	3,885	3,840	5,165	2,525	2,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,960	4,910	6,050	7,370	3,515	3,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,410	1,045	365	1,180	845	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	615	375	240	545	340	210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	795	670	130	630	505	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,740	2,410	3,325	3,650	1,550	2,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	325	130	200	195	85	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,485	1,315	2,165	2,345	1,030	1,310
Bachelor's degree	2,715	1,010	1,700	1,660	695	965
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	75	170	105	45	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	60	35	20
Master's degree	455	190	265	445	210	235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	10	75	45	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,455	7,440	8,020	9,835	4,905	4,930
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,590	960	625	1,090	620	475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,055	2,645	2,410	3,055	1,620	1,435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,815	3,835	4,980	5,690	2,665	3,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,040	775	260	785	575	210
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	435	280	155	370	240	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	600	495	105	415	335	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,640	1,930	2,710	2,950	1,250	1,700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	100	140	120	45	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,895	1,025	1,870	1,835	800	1,040
Bachelor's degree	2,265	790	1,470	1,290	535	760
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	65	130	60	25	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	50	35	20
Master's degree	380	145	235	365	165	200
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	10	70	40	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,655	7,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,915	6,115	5,800	8,260	4,135	4,130
Education	775	175	600	445	120	330
13. Education	775	175	605	445	115	330
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	470	210	265	205	95	115
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	420	170	255	165	70	95
Humanities	560	215	350	410	175	230
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	30	75	20	55
23. English language and literature/letters	145	55	90	85	35	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	40	105	60	30	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	40	40	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	15	40	25	15
54. History	110	55	55	75	35	40
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	40	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,605	340	1,265	820	230	595
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	80	80	35	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	520	30	495	260	10	245
22. Legal professions and studies	215	30	180	55	0	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	25	10	0	0
42. Psychology	290	60	225	135	20	110
45. Social sciences	425	160	265	290	155	140
Business, management and public administration	2,055	730	1,325	1,350	460	885
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	30	170	165	25	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,855	700	1,150	1,180	435	745
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	140	155	185	115	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	45	65	70	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	45	45	60	40	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	35	20	55	45	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	215	85	255	165	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	260	190	70	210	150	60
25. Library science	0	0	10	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,070	1,985	85	1,580	1,515	65
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	20	20	0
14. Engineering	155	135	20	160	150	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	490	450	40	325	300	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	460	0	320	310	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	630	625	10	455	450	10
48. Precision production	280	275	0	295	290	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	125	85	125	70	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	65	45	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	65	45	55	30	25
Health and related fields	1,640	270	1,370	1,385	270	1,115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	240	135	110	145	70	80
51. Health professions and related programs	1,390	135	1,255	1,220	195	1,025
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	955	500	450	610	310	300
12. Personal and culinary services	445	100	345	325	95	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	405	310	95	200	135	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	10	85	75	10
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,455	7,435	8,020	9,835	4,905	4,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,640	3,605	3,035	4,145	2,240	1,910
Education	580	120	455	290	55	235
13. Education	580	125	455	295	55	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	185	230	140	70	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	155	225	110	50	60
Humanities	450	155	295	335	140	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	30	60	15	45
23. English language and literature/letters	125	40	85	70	35	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	25	80	45	15	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	35	30	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15	35	15	15
54. History	85	40	50	55	20	30
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	35	0	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,320	260	1,065	675	175	495
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	40	70	75	30	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	20	395	210	0	205
22. Legal professions and studies	180	25	155	50	10	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	25	10	0	0
42. Psychology	235	45	190	115	20	95
45. Social sciences	345	120	230	215	110	105
Business, management and public administration	1,755	610	1,145	1,035	345	690
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	25	150	135	20	115
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,580	585	995	900	325	575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	120	120	140	80	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	45	55	65	25	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	35	35	30	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	30	20	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	180	75	230	145	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	160	60	195	135	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,585	1,515	70	1,230	1,180	50
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	15	15	0
14. Engineering	120	100	20	135	120	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	370	340	30	275	260	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	355	355	0	235	225	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	515	510	10	335	330	10
48. Precision production	185	180	0	235	225	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	85	70	95	50	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	55	35	60	30	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	30	35	35	20	15
Health and related fields	1,280	200	1,080	1,105	210	890
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	100	80	110	55	60
51. Health professions and related programs	1,100	100	1,000	985	155	825
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	765	410	360	420	215	205
12. Personal and culinary services	335	70	270	230	55	170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	350	270	80	130	100	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	70	10	65	55	0
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,880	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,655	7,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,915	6,115	5,805	8,265	4,135	4,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,960	4,910	6,050	7,370	3,515	3,860
Location of study inside Canada	10,010	4,405	5,605	6,615	3,110	3,505
Same as province or territory of residence	9,430	4,150	5,280	6,380	2,990	3,395
Different than province or territory of residence	575	250	330	235	125	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	955	510	445	755	405	350
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	190	100	90	270	130	140
Philippines	105	20	85	15	10	10
India	35	10	25	45	30	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	260	190	70	90	50	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	30	25
France	10	10	0	15	10	10
Other	350	180	170	280	155	120
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,455	7,440	8,020	9,835	4,905	4,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,645	3,600	3,035	4,145	2,235	1,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,815	3,835	4,980	5,690	2,670	3,020
Location of study inside Canada	8,180	3,535	4,645	5,140	2,410	2,735
Same as province or territory of residence	7,725	3,350	4,375	4,980	2,325	2,655
Different than province or territory of residence	450	185	270	160	80	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	635	300	335	550	265	285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	75	70	215	85	135
Philippines	100	25	80	15	10	10
India	40	15	25	35	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	85	40	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	10	10	0	15	0	10
Other	220	105	110	205	105	100
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,650	7,980
In the labour force	16,760	8,540	8,220	10,160	5,170	4,990
Employed	15,745	8,000	7,740	9,300	4,715	4,585
Unemployed	1,020	540	480	860	455	400
Not in the labour force	6,115	2,480	3,635	5,480	2,480	2,995
Participation rate	73.3	77.5	69.3	65.0	67.6	62.5
Employment rate	68.8	72.6	65.3	59.5	61.6	57.5
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.3	5.8	8.5	8.8	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	22,875	11,020	11,855	15,635	7,650	7,985
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,730	2,365	3,360	5,105	2,310	2,795
Worked	17,150	8,655	8,495	10,530	5,345	5,185
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,570	5,455	4,120	5,470	3,015	2,455
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,580	3,200	4,375	5,060	2,325	2,730
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.8	42.8	43.0	43.1	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,765	8,545	8,220	10,160	5,170	4,990
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	140	120	225	95	125
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	16,505	8,400	8,100	9,935	5,075	4,860
Employee	14,950	7,540	7,415	9,100	4,540	4,560
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,545	860	685	835	530	305
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,760	8,545	8,220	10,160	5,170	4,990
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	145	115	220	100	125
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	16,505	8,400	8,105	9,940	5,075	4,865
0 Management occupations	1,610	960	645	925	560	370
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,510	680	1,830	1,270	300	970
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725	590	140	380	325	65
3 Health occupations	950	100	850	830	160	670
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,020	670	1,350	1,035	315	725
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	380	170	210	175	90	80
6 Sales and service occupations	4,095	1,510	2,585	2,935	1,165	1,770
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,935	2,770	165	1,640	1,560	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	340	270	65	210	155	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	930	680	250	525	450	80
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,760	8,545	8,220	10,155	5,170	4,990
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	145	120	225	95	125
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	16,500	8,400	8,100	9,935	5,070	4,865
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	70	35	170	90	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	25	20	10
22 Utilities	180	140	40	50	50	10
23 Construction	1,570	1,380	190	710	655	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,880	1,360	525	860	770	90
41 Wholesale trade	785	540	245	385	250	135
44-45 Retail trade	2,055	985	1,075	1,365	610	750
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	880	590	290	410	295	115
51 Information and cultural industries	325	180	145	140	75	65
52 Finance and insurance	460	130	330	330	105	230
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	370	155	210	125	85	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	850	365	485	435	245	190
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	790	415	375	605	310	290
61 Educational services	1,210	315	895	765	255	505
62 Health care and social assistance	1,635	180	1,450	1,285	180	1,105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	310	155	155	305	170	130
72 Accommodation and food services	1,255	455	800	1,200	520	670
81 Other services (except public administration)	740	355	385	405	170	230
91 Public administration	1,030	590	435	380	215	165
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	15,745	8,005	7,740	9,300	4,715	4,585
Worked at home	815	345	470	445	240	205
Worked outside Canada	10	15	0	40	25	15
No fixed workplace address	1,955	1,390	565	975	695	280
Worked at usual place	12,960	6,255	6,705	7,840	3,755	4,085
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	12,960	6,255	6,705	7,840	3,755	4,085
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,410	1,920	3,490	1,250	610	640
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	840	385	455	5,860	2,640	3,220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,685	3,940	2,745	715	490	225
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	14,915	7,645	7,265	8,815	4,450	4,365
Car, truck, van - as a driver	12,535	6,610	5,925	7,515	3,840	3,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	965	440	525	685	315	370
Public transit	265	100	165	235	70	170
Walked	920	385	530	265	140	125
Bicycle	85	70	20	45	45	0
Other method	140	35	100	70	45	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	14,915	7,645	7,265	8,815	4,450	4,370
Less than 15 minutes	5,455	2,035	3,425	2,990	1,385	1,600
15 to 29 minutes	1,960	845	1,115	4,090	1,985	2,105
30 to 44 minutes	2,290	1,435	855	920	545	370
45 to 59 minutes	2,445	1,500	945	350	195	155
60 minutes and over	2,760	1,835	930	470	335	140
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	14,915	7,650	7,265	8,815	4,450	4,370
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,845	1,430	410	615	465	155
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,605	1,650	955	1,545	990	560
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,385	1,635	1,745	2,045	1,045	995
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,665	850	1,820	1,895	665	1,230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,450	520	935	1,015	455	560
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,965	1,565	1,405	1,705	835	870
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,550	8,855	8,690	10,810	5,505	5,305
Single responses	17,455	8,830	8,625	10,740	5,470	5,275
Official languages	17,440	8,820	8,615	10,715	5,450	5,265
English	17,320	8,795	8,520	10,670	5,445	5,220
French	120	20	95	50	0	45
Non-official languages	20	10	10	25	15	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	25	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	15	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	25	65	70	35	35
English and French	45	10	40	25	10	10
English and non-official language	45	15	30	40	20	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,545	8,850	8,695	10,810	5,505	5,305
None	17,180	8,725	8,455	10,460	5,350	5,110
English	100	25	75	70	20	50
French	160	40	125	140	55	75
Non-official language	115	75	40	140	75	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	110	70	40	145	75	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	28,005	13,565	14,445	18,360	9,110	9,250
Non-movers	24,595	11,950	12,640	15,920	7,875	8,045
Movers	3,420	1,615	1,805	2,435	1,230	1,200
Non-migrants	1,560	730	830	1,070	575	495
Migrants	1,860	885	970	1,365	660	705
Internal migrants	1,785	845	935	1,260	600	660
Intraprovincial migrants	1,715	815	895	1,205	575	635
Interprovincial migrants	65	25	40	55	25	30
External migrants	75	40	35	110	60	45
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	26,565	12,855	13,710	17,630	8,745	8,880
Non-movers	16,145	7,805	8,345	11,115	5,525	5,585
Movers	10,420	5,050	5,365	6,515	3,220	3,295
Non-migrants	4,680	2,260	2,420	2,950	1,495	1,455
Migrants	5,740	2,790	2,950	3,570	1,725	1,845
Internal migrants	5,480	2,660	2,820	3,245	1,565	1,680
Intraprovincial migrants	5,230	2,550	2,675	3,060	1,475	1,585
Interprovincial migrants	250	110	140	185	90	95
External migrants	260	125	135	325	160	160

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Orangeville, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Thorold, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Thorold, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Thorold, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Thorold, City [Census subdivision], Ontario