Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey Highlands, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Orangeville, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Grey Highlands, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Grey Highlands, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	28,900	...	...	9,804	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	27,975	...	...	9,520	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,696	...	...	5,299	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,565	...	...	3,904	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,851.9	...	...	11.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.61	...	...	882.51	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	28,900	13,925	14,975	9,805	4,890	4,910
0 to 14 years	5,495	2,725	2,770	1,605	775	835
0 to 4 years	1,770	920	850	530	235	295
5 to 9 years	1,910	945	965	565	285	280
10 to 14 years	1,815	860	950	505	250	260
15 to 64 years	19,355	9,470	9,885	6,020	3,055	2,970
15 to 19 years	2,040	1,040	1,000	570	290	285
20 to 24 years	1,790	940	850	570	305	270
25 to 29 years	1,810	900	910	460	250	210
30 to 34 years	1,900	955	950	435	235	205
35 to 39 years	1,940	955	985	490	260	230
40 to 44 years	2,070	960	1,110	450	215	235
45 to 49 years	2,220	1,080	1,135	610	285	320
50 to 54 years	2,345	1,090	1,255	780	380	400
55 to 59 years	1,795	895	900	840	435	405
60 to 64 years	1,450	660	785	815	400	415
65 years and over	4,050	1,725	2,325	2,175	1,065	1,110
65 to 69 years	1,275	595	680	705	345	360
70 to 74 years	965	450	515	580	270	310
75 to 79 years	675	285	390	395	220	175
80 to 84 years	540	215	325	270	125	145
85 years and over	595	185	415	225	100	125
85 to 89 years	390	130	265	155	75	75
90 to 94 years	160	45	115	65	20	45
95 to 99 years	40	15	30	10	5	5
100 years and over	10	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.6	18.5	16.4	15.8	17.0
15 to 64 years	67.0	68.0	66.0	61.4	62.5	60.5
65 years and over	14.0	12.4	15.5	22.2	21.8	22.6
85 years and over	2.1	1.3	2.8	2.3	2.0	2.5
Average age of the population	38.7	37.4	39.8	43.9	43.7	44.1
Median age of the population	38.8	37.3	40.1	47.7	47.1	48.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,565	...	...	3,900	...	...
Single-detached house	6,365	...	...	3,610	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,685	...	...	285	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,250	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	1,145	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	145	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,140	...	...	170	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
1 person	2,330	...	...	925	...	...
2 persons	3,245	...	...	1,620	...	...
3 persons	1,910	...	...	530	...	...
4 persons	2,045	...	...	475	...	...
5 or more persons	1,030	...	...	350	...	...
Number of persons in private households	28,350	...	...	9,720	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	23,405	11,195	12,210	8,200	4,120	4,080
Married or living common law	13,490	6,730	6,760	5,295	2,650	2,650
Married	11,075	5,530	5,545	4,440	2,220	2,215
Living common law	2,420	1,200	1,220	860	430	430
Not married and not living common law	9,910	4,465	5,445	2,900	1,465	1,435
Never married	6,180	3,330	2,845	1,785	1,045	750
Separated	865	340	525	210	95	110
Divorced	1,525	530	995	415	210	200
Widowed	1,340	265	1,075	490	120	375
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,220	...	...	2,955	...	...
2 persons	3,545	...	...	1,690	...	...
3 persons	1,960	...	...	530	...	...
4 persons	2,010	...	...	450	...	...
5 or more persons	705	...	...	285	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,220	...	...	2,950	...	...
Total couple families	6,640	...	...	2,610	...	...
Married couples	5,435	...	...	2,180	...	...
Common-law couples	1,205	...	...	430	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,580	...	...	340	...	...
Female parent	1,240	...	...	255	...	...
Male parent	340	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,640	...	...	2,610	...	...
Couples without children	2,660	...	...	1,490	...	...
Couples with children	3,975	...	...	1,120	...	...
1 child	1,445	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	1,865	...	...	430	...	...
3 or more children	670	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,580	...	...	345	...	...
1 child	885	...	...	200	...	...
2 children	515	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more children	180	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,645	1,635	2,015	1,305	675	625
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
One-census-family households	7,675	...	...	2,800	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,465	...	...	1,435	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,210	...	...	1,365	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	265	...	...	75	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,625	...	...	1,025	...	...
One-person households	2,335	...	...	930	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	290	...	...	100	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	28,645	13,820	14,825	9,735	4,865	4,870
English only	26,825	13,085	13,735	9,075	4,575	4,500
French only	10	5	5	15	5	5
English and French	1,765	710	1,050	510	230	285
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	140	60	80
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	28,645	13,820	14,825	9,735	4,865	4,870
English	28,235	13,655	14,585	9,505	4,760	4,745
French	330	135	195	85	40	45
English and French	30	15	15	10	5	0
Neither English nor French	50	15	30	135	60	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	350	140	205	90	45	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.0	1.4	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	28,650	13,815	14,830	9,735	4,870	4,870
Single responses	28,345	13,675	14,665	9,690	4,845	4,840
Official languages	26,380	12,780	13,600	8,540	4,280	4,255
English	26,020	12,635	13,390	8,440	4,230	4,210
French	355	145	210	95	50	45
Non-official languages	1,965	895	1,065	1,145	560	585
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,960	895	1,065	1,150	565	585
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	25	10	10	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	25	10	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	15	5	5	5	5	5
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	55	105	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	40	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,505	705	800	1,105	545	560
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	305	130	175	125	60	65
Baltic languages	5	0	10	5	0	5
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	5	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	300	125	170	120	60	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	15	25	15	5	10
Czech	20	5	10	10	5	5
Macedonian	10	0	5	5	0	5
Polish	160	70	90	45	20	25
Russian	20	5	10	15	10	10
Serbian	10	5	10	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	375	150	225	880	430	450
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	5	0	5
Dutch	135	55	85	155	75	75
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	200	85	115	715	345	365
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	10	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	95	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	170	85	85	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	35	45	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	615	320	295	85	50	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	190	110	85	35	20	15
Portuguese	235	125	110	35	20	15
Romanian	35	15	20	5	0	0
Spanish	155	70	80	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	35	5	5	5
Chinese languages	50	20	30	5	5	5
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	35	15	10	10
Estonian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	10	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	300	140	160	55	25	25
English and French	70	30	35	15	10	10
English and non-official language	220	105	115	35	15	20
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	28,645	13,820	14,825	9,740	4,870	4,870
Single responses	28,250	13,645	14,605	9,670	4,830	4,840
Official languages	27,760	13,415	14,350	8,965	4,490	4,475
English	27,670	13,375	14,295	8,935	4,465	4,465
French	90	35	50	30	15	10
Non-official languages	485	235	255	705	345	365
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	485	230	255	710	340	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	15	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	160	165	690	335	355
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	40	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	40	45	40	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	15	10	5
Russian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	630	305	325
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	60	35	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	565	270	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	70	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	5	0	5
Portuguese	45	25	20	5	5	5
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	10	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
Cantonese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	395	175	225	70	40	30
English and French	40	15	25	10	5	5
English and non-official language	345	150	195	60	35	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	28,645	13,820	14,825	9,735	4,865	4,870
None	27,160	13,210	13,950	9,220	4,615	4,605
English	265	120	135	200	95	105
French	395	140	255	85	35	50
Non-official language	815	345	470	230	115	115
Aboriginal	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	810	340	470	230	115	115
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,110	4,080	4,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,065	10,615	11,450	7,830	3,955	3,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,940	48,152	29,961	30,715	36,554	26,485
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,075	10,620	11,455	7,830	3,960	3,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,976	41,987	27,512	28,041	32,949	24,421
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,495	10,075	10,425	7,115	3,685	3,425
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,508	47,213	26,379	27,640	32,815	21,832
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,155	6,320	8,835	5,850	2,810	3,040
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,983	1,509	5,179	7,856	7,100	8,399
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,945	9,090	8,855	5,680	3,090	2,590
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,890	49,182	29,079	26,347	30,101	22,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	22,875	11,025	11,855	8,110	4,085	4,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,090	10,635	11,450	7,815	3,920	3,895
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,580	54,266	37,512	47,205	60,786	33,527
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,085	10,635	11,450	7,815	3,920	3,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,277	44,563	32,439	38,632	47,871	29,328
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,510	10,055	10,450	7,160	3,690	3,475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,354	34,610	44,496	58,419	29,693
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,060	6,235	8,825	5,865	2,815	3,045
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,193	6,505	7,679	8,556	8,070	9,004
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,945	9,070	8,875	5,675	3,095	2,580
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,476	53,011	35,752	35,603	41,381	28,666
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	22,875	11,025	11,855	8,110	4,080	4,030
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,435	5,365	4,070	2,725	1,625	1,095
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,990	63,314	48,373	42,633	47,493	38,142
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,434	68,192	52,530	52,026	56,933	44,726
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.3	93.1	84.3	85.5	89.3	79.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.9	84.1	74.2	60.5	62.4	57.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.7	6.9	15.7	14.5	10.6	20.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,115	4,085	4,030
Without total income	810	405	410	280	125	150
With total income	22,065	10,620	11,450	7,835	3,955	3,875
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.5	96.8	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,810	1,125	1,680	1,070	475	595
$10,000 to $19,999	3,500	1,260	2,240	1,540	630	910
$20,000 to $29,999	2,875	1,065	1,810	1,210	560	645
$30,000 to $39,999	2,355	990	1,365	975	475	505
$40,000 to $49,999	2,380	1,045	1,330	870	425	440
$50,000 to $59,999	1,900	990	910	565	325	240
$60,000 to $69,999	1,630	1,000	635	435	290	145
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	790	450	310	190	120
$80,000 to $89,999	960	610	355	215	150	70
$90,000 to $99,999	790	490	300	170	95	75
$100,000 and over	1,635	1,245	390	475	340	135
$100,000 to $149,999	1,295	970	320	310	220	95
$150,000 and over	335	270	65	160	115	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,110	4,085	4,030
Without after-tax income	805	400	400	275	125	150
With after-tax income	22,070	10,615	11,450	7,830	3,960	3,875
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.3	96.6	96.5	96.9	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,875	1,145	1,730	1,120	495	625
$10,000 to $19,999	3,695	1,335	2,360	1,595	660	935
$20,000 to $29,999	3,355	1,290	2,070	1,430	670	765
$30,000 to $39,999	2,945	1,270	1,670	1,165	580	585
$40,000 to $49,999	2,760	1,390	1,375	860	460	400
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,310	880	570	360	205
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	990	555	370	245	125
$70,000 to $79,999	1,105	705	400	250	155	95
$80,000 and over	1,595	1,185	410	475	335	145
$80,000 to $89,999	650	460	195	165	95	70
$90,000 to $99,999	380	280	100	95	85	10
$100,000 and over	565	450	115	220	155	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,115	4,085	4,030
Without employment income	4,935	1,930	3,000	2,435	1,000	1,440
With employment income	17,945	9,090	8,855	5,675	3,085	2,585
Percentage with employment income	78.4	82.5	74.7	69.9	75.5	64.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,195	1,000	1,195	1,050	560	485
$5,000 to $9,999	1,435	540	895	550	240	315
$10,000 to $19,999	2,280	905	1,380	830	410	420
$20,000 to $29,999	1,715	670	1,045	670	320	345
$30,000 to $39,999	1,705	740	970	620	315	300
$40,000 to $49,999	1,740	760	980	515	250	265
$50,000 to $59,999	1,510	825	685	370	245	125
$60,000 to $69,999	1,340	865	480	280	200	80
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	685	370	190	125	65
$80,000 and over	2,960	2,105	855	605	420	190
$80,000 to $89,999	820	535	290	165	125	45
$90,000 to $99,999	725	455	275	130	65	65
$100,000 and over	1,415	1,120	295	310	230	80
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,241	...	...	67,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,605	...	...	59,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,335	...	...	930	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,688	...	...	31,211	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,544	...	...	28,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,230	...	...	2,975	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,557	...	...	78,918	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,311	...	...	70,238	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,565	...	...	3,900	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,291	...	...	94,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,023	...	...	77,324	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,355	...	...	930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,966	...	...	83,682	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,850	...	...	61,031	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,210	...	...	2,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,138	...	...	97,844	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,534	...	...	82,397	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	275	...	...	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	370	...	...	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	285	...	...	150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	320	...	...	195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	765	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	735	...	...	285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...	305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	680	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	675	...	...	200	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,295	...	...	1,115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,505	...	...	410	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,060	...	...	290	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,140	...	...	240	...	...
$200,000 and over	590	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	295	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	420	...	...	185	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	335	...	...	175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	415	...	...	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	420	...	...	210	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	445	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	995	...	...	395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	870	...	...	330	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	840	...	...	265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	775	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,120	...	...	780	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,485	...	...	365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	820	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	820	...	...	235	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,035	...	...	2,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,840	...	...	78,918	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,555	...	...	70,187	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	72,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,933	...	...	63,936	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,005	...	...	1,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,328	...	...	100,506	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,127	...	...	86,886	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,455	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,070	...	...	52,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,976	...	...	48,256	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,010	...	...	2,900	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,302	...	...	97,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,728	...	...	82,193	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,400	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,562	...	...	90,063	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,537	...	...	75,245	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,005	...	...	1,145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,032	...	...	115,683	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,988	...	...	96,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,445	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,984	...	...	63,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,582	...	...	56,453	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,125	1,425	1,695	1,155	605	545
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,808	42,770	31,584	29,653	33,664	26,464
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,744	37,227	28,920	27,088	30,432	25,184
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,195	1,420	1,770	1,165	610	555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,521	47,561	40,282	73,250	109,172	34,070
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,102	39,738	34,990	54,387	76,879	29,855
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	28,350	13,735	14,615	9,715	4,860	4,860
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,735	5,370	6,365	5,340	2,610	2,730
In the bottom decile	1,640	750	890	810	390	415
In the second decile	2,040	835	1,205	1,245	570	675
In the third decile	2,265	1,030	1,235	1,170	570	605
In the fourth decile	2,720	1,275	1,445	1,110	565	545
In the fifth decile	3,075	1,480	1,595	1,005	515	490
In the top half of the distribution	16,615	8,360	8,250	4,375	2,245	2,125
In the sixth decile	3,270	1,580	1,685	1,030	520	510
In the seventh decile	3,755	1,905	1,845	995	515	475
In the eighth decile	3,740	1,865	1,875	925	480	450
In the ninth decile	3,770	1,925	1,845	760	385	375
In the top decile	2,085	1,085	1,000	665	350	320
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	28,350	13,735	14,620	9,715	4,860	4,860
0 to 17 years	6,680	3,330	3,355	1,925	940	985
0 to 5 years	2,140	1,090	1,050	635	290	345
18 to 64 years	18,045	8,800	9,240	5,690	2,880	2,805
65 years and over	3,630	1,605	2,025	2,105	1,040	1,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,425	1,045	1,380	1,445	665	775
0 to 17 years	700	365	340	400	170	235
0 to 5 years	210	120	90	165	65	100
18 to 64 years	1,365	590	775	780	390	385
65 years and over	355	85	265	260	110	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	7.6	9.4	14.9	13.7	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	11.0	10.1	20.8	18.1	23.9
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	11.0	8.6	26.0	22.4	29.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	6.7	8.4	13.7	13.5	13.7
65 years and over (%)	9.8	5.3	13.1	12.4	10.6	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,315	625	690	415	210	205
0 to 17 years	345	180	160	80	35	45
0 to 5 years	110	65	45	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	915	425	485	295	150	140
65 years and over	55	15	45	35	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.6	4.7	4.3	4.3	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	5.4	4.8	4.2	3.7	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.1	6.0	4.3	3.9	3.4	4.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.8	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	0.9	2.2	1.7	1.9	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	28,350	13,730	14,615	9,715	4,855	4,860
Official languages	28,305	13,715	14,585	9,585	4,805	4,780
English	28,295	13,715	14,575	9,560	4,785	4,770
French	1,850	675	1,175	535	240	295
Non-official languages	2,570	1,175	1,390	1,265	625	640
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,560	1,175	1,385	1,265	625	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	60	40	35	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	55	30	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	20	10	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	10	0	10
Maltese	30	20	10	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	65	150	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	50	125	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,985	945	1,040	1,185	590	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	325	130	190	110	50	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	325	135	190	110	50	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	30	10	20
Czech	15	0	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	175	70	105	35	20	20
Russian	25	0	20	20	10	10
Serbian	10	10	10	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	10	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	25	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	425	175	250	915	465	450
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	170	75	90	230	135	95
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	95	145	755	365	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	60	20	40	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	130	135	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	220	115	110	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hindi	80	35	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	70	80	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	50	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	930	495	435	170	75	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	240	135	115	85	40	45
Portuguese	345	215	135	55	30	25
Romanian	35	15	20	0	10	0
Spanish	350	150	200	55	10	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	30	20	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	20	15	10	10
American Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	10	25	15	10	0
Chinese languages	30	10	20	15	10	0
Cantonese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	25	40	10	10	10
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	28,355	13,735	14,620	9,715	4,860	4,860
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	27,560	13,400	14,160	9,600	4,815	4,780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,560	3,275	3,280	1,940	980	960
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,005	10,125	10,880	7,665	3,840	3,825
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	790	330	460	115	40	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	28,350	13,730	14,620	9,715	4,855	4,855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	24,775	12,145	12,630	8,975	4,490	4,490
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,510	1,560	1,950	715	360	355
Before 1981	1,940	865	1,075	500	240	260
1981 to 1990	455	215	240	80	50	35
1991 to 2000	415	165	245	60	40	20
2001 to 2010	450	200	255	60	30	30
2001 to 2005	230	110	120	30	15	10
2006 to 2010	220	90	125	35	15	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	250	115	135	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	25	45	25	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,505	1,560	1,945	715	360	355
Under 5 years	620	335	280	135	70	70
5 to 14 years	810	360	450	145	70	75
15 to 24 years	875	325	545	155	55	100
25 to 44 years	1,080	485	595	235	140	95
45 years and over	125	55	70	45	25	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,505	1,560	1,950	715	360	355
Americas	615	275	345	90	45	40
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	60	15	45	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	115	60	45	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	15	15	15	0
Peru	15	10	10	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	35	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	60	95	60	30	30
Other places of birth in Americas	120	50	65	10	0	10
Europe	2,185	1,005	1,180	580	295	290
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	0	25	0	25
France	10	10	10	10	0	10
Germany	130	55	75	70	40	35
Greece	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Italy	100	70	30	25	15	15
Netherlands	155	70	85	75	45	35
Poland	105	45	60	40	20	20
Portugal	160	100	65	25	10	10
Romania	40	20	20	10	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,185	515	670	215	115	100
Other places of birth in Europe	160	50	110	60	25	35
Africa	90	35	55	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0
Asia	600	235	365	35	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	90	45	50	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	70	40	35	0	0	0
Philippines	220	70	150	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	35	0	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	250	115	135	10	0	10
Americas	40	30	10	10	0	10
Brazil	15	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	65	25	40	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	15	15	0	0	0
Asia	115	50	65	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	95	40	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	28,350	13,730	14,615	9,720	4,855	4,860
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,690	1,635	2,055	760	385	370
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,260	3,130	3,130	1,140	570	570
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,400	8,970	9,430	7,820	3,900	3,915
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,615	715	900	230	125	100
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	725	340	390	120	70	50
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	275	145	130	65	50	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	450	195	255	60	20	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	700	270	430	70	35	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	175	100	75	40	25	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	28,350	13,735	14,620	9,715	4,860	4,860
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	560	290	275	180	75	105
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	520	270	250	170	65	105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	385	215	165	65	30	40
Métis	140	55	80	105	35	70
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	27,790	13,445	14,345	9,535	4,785	4,750
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	28,350	13,735	14,615	9,715	4,860	4,860
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	215	85	130	90	25	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	28,140	13,650	14,490	9,625	4,825	4,800
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	28,350	13,730	14,615	9,715	4,860	4,860
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	85	55	30	55	25	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	85	55	30	55	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	60	35	25	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	20	10	0	40	20	25
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,035	525	510	280	130	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,020	520	505	270	130	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	905	475	430	220	115	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	25	75	50	15	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	27,230	13,150	14,080	9,380	4,700	4,680
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	28,350	13,730	14,615	9,720	4,855	4,860
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,995	890	1,105	100	45	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	415	205	210	15	10	10
Chinese	100	35	65	10	10	0
Black	575	280	290	15	10	10
Filipino	280	95	180	20	0	15
Latin American	170	80	90	0	0	0
Arab	40	25	20	15	15	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	30	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	20	10	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	15	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	145	55	85	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,360	12,845	13,510	9,620	4,815	4,805
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	28,350	13,735	14,615	9,715	4,860	4,860
North American Aboriginal origins	1,120	585	540	335	160	180
First Nations (North American Indian)	980	520	460	240	125	115
Inuit	20	20	0	0	0	0
Métis	135	50	85	105	35	65
Other North American origins	10,780	5,170	5,605	3,775	1,850	1,925
Acadian	50	30	20	20	10	10
American	465	190	275	100	45	55
Canadian	10,470	5,065	5,405	3,710	1,815	1,895
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	35	20	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	10	10	10	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,120	10,775	11,345	7,530	3,805	3,725
British Isles origins	17,025	8,285	8,735	5,935	2,980	2,955
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,550	5,140	5,410	3,900	1,890	2,015
Irish	7,120	3,445	3,685	2,680	1,320	1,360
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,530	3,660	3,875	2,905	1,435	1,470
Welsh	580	280	300	270	100	175
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	960	440	520	260	140	120
French origins	2,805	1,350	1,455	715	395	315
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,805	1,350	1,455	715	395	320
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,655	2,255	2,400	2,050	1,050	1,000
Austrian	210	105	100	45	15	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	35	65	10	10	10
Dutch	1,570	715	850	705	370	335
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	2,960	1,465	1,500	1,405	710	695
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	95	35	60	75	40	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	540	205	340	170	65	105
Danish	155	55	95	60	25	35
Finnish	115	35	80	10	10	0
Icelandic	40	15	20	10	0	10
Norwegian	165	75	80	60	20	35
Swedish	100	45	55	50	15	35
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	20	30	15	0	15
Eastern European origins	2,825	1,485	1,340	495	225	270
Bulgarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	130	75	50	15	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	55	20	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	330	170	160	45	20	30
Latvian	55	20	35	15	10	0
Lithuanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,090	565	515	155	75	85
Romanian	150	85	65	15	15	0
Russian	230	105	125	70	20	45
Slovak	75	45	35	35	20	10
Ukrainian	1,075	560	515	205	90	115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,460	1,795	1,660	515	285	230
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	65	55	15	0	10
Cypriot	20	0	20	0	0	0
Greek	225	110	120	55	40	15
Italian	1,805	965	840	275	135	145
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Maltese	225	105	120	65	45	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	885	490	400	125	55	70
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	20	20	10	0	0
Spanish	230	95	140	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	10	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	155	75	85	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	75	40	35	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	30	50	35	20	15
Caribbean origins	585	295	295	25	10	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	310	145	165	30	10	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	100	55	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	445	220	225	30	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	150	80	70	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	45	25	30	20	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	40	15	25	0	0	0
African origins	320	140	180	40	20	20
Central and West African origins	100	40	60	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	40	20	15	20	15	0
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	25	15	15	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	195	80	115	15	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	0	20	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	175	70	105	15	10	10
Asian origins	1,420	640	780	135	60	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	280	135	145	60	30	30
Afghan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	15	0	15
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	25	25	10	10	0
Iraqi	30	15	10	10	0	10
Israeli	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	30	25	25	10	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	60	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	410	205	200	20	0	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	360	175	185	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	35	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	730	285	450	50	30	25
Burmese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	205	95	110	20	10	0
Filipino	335	115	220	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	30	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	35	20	10	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	20	60	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	40	25	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	105	55	55	10	10	0
Australian	85	40	45	10	0	0
New Zealander	25	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Owner	8,160	...	...	3,305	...	...
Renter	2,410	...	...	595	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Condominium	690	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	9,875	...	...	3,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	965	...	...	200	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,305	...	...	675	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,385	...	...	1,685	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,880	...	...	1,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,590	...	...	460	...	...
5 rooms	1,405	...	...	450	...	...
6 rooms	2,010	...	...	660	...	...
7 rooms	1,935	...	...	660	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,625	...	...	1,670	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,500	...	...	3,885	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Suitable	10,170	...	...	3,810	...	...
Not suitable	395	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
1960 or before	1,365	...	...	1,475	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,240	...	...	840	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,580	...	...	440	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,155	...	...	505	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,030	...	...	235	...	...
2006 to 2010	615	...	...	245	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	575	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	10,125	...	...	3,635	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,565	...	...	3,900	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,635	...	...	2,200	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,730	...	...	1,665	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	200	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,565	...	...	3,905	...	...
15 to 24 years	145	...	...	85	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,530	...	...	335	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,090	...	...	490	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,635	...	...	760	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,895	...	...	905	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,270	...	...	755	...	...
75 to 84 years	745	...	...	400	...	...
85 years and over	260	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	10,545	...	...	3,550	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,885	...	...	2,670	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,665	...	...	880	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,445	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,155	...	...	2,980	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.2	...	...	53.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.0	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,635	...	...	965	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,600	...	...	1,173	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	400,320	...	...	313,565	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	417,641	...	...	416,423	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,410	...	...	580	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.7	...	...	11.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.2	...	...	46.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,099	...	...	807	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,126	...	...	853	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,115	4,080	4,030
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,190	2,230	1,960	1,915	1,085	835
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,725	3,885	3,840	2,340	1,165	1,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,960	4,910	6,050	3,855	1,840	2,020
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,410	1,045	365	690	505	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	615	375	240	260	140	115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	795	670	130	430	360	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,740	2,410	3,325	1,720	660	1,065
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	325	130	200	235	100	135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,485	1,315	2,165	1,205	570	635
Bachelor's degree	2,715	1,010	1,700	815	330	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	75	170	120	60	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	35	25	0
Master's degree	455	190	265	185	115	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	10	50	45	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,455	7,440	8,020	4,820	2,425	2,395
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,590	960	625	830	505	325
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,055	2,645	2,410	1,420	735	690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,815	3,835	4,980	2,570	1,190	1,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,040	775	260	515	365	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	435	280	155	195	110	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	600	495	105	320	260	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,640	1,930	2,710	1,230	470	765
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	100	140	115	50	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,895	1,025	1,870	715	305	405
Bachelor's degree	2,265	790	1,470	500	195	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	200	65	130	70	35	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	20	10	0	10
Master's degree	380	145	235	110	60	55
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	10	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,110	4,085	4,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,915	6,115	5,800	4,255	2,245	2,010
Education	775	175	600	300	65	235
13. Education	775	175	605	295	65	235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	470	210	265	205	70	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	30	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	420	170	255	175	45	130
Humanities	560	215	350	220	80	145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	30	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	145	55	90	40	20	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	40	105	65	15	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	15	30	15	20
54. History	110	55	55	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,605	340	1,265	385	100	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	55	80	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	520	30	495	110	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	215	30	180	90	25	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	25	10	0	15
42. Psychology	290	60	225	55	10	45
45. Social sciences	425	160	265	95	50	50
Business, management and public administration	2,055	730	1,325	630	275	350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	200	30	170	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,855	700	1,150	600	275	320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	140	155	90	55	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	45	65	40	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	45	45	25	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	35	20	25	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	215	85	70	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	260	190	70	35	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,070	1,985	85	825	780	45
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	15	50	40	15
14. Engineering	155	135	20	90	65	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	490	450	40	170	155	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	460	0	185	185	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	630	625	10	240	240	0
48. Precision production	280	275	0	100	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	125	85	130	85	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	110	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	65	45	15	10	0
Health and related fields	1,640	270	1,370	735	125	610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	240	135	110	90	45	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,390	135	1,255	640	80	565
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	955	500	450	270	155	115
12. Personal and culinary services	445	100	345	105	20	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	405	310	95	85	65	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	90	10	75	65	10
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,455	7,435	8,020	4,820	2,430	2,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,640	3,605	3,035	2,250	1,240	1,010
Education	580	120	455	155	35	120
13. Education	580	125	455	155	35	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	185	230	150	45	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	155	225	125	25	100
Humanities	450	155	295	125	45	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	30	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	125	40	85	15	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	25	80	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	25	15	20	10	0
54. History	85	40	50	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,320	260	1,065	255	45	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	40	70	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	20	395	80	0	80
22. Legal professions and studies	180	25	155	75	15	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	235	45	190	35	10	30
45. Social sciences	345	120	230	45	10	30
Business, management and public administration	1,755	610	1,145	465	165	295
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	25	150	25	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,580	585	995	440	170	265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	120	120	70	40	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	45	55	35	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	35	20	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	30	20	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	180	75	60	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	160	60	35	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,585	1,515	70	585	550	30
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	30	20	10
14. Engineering	120	100	20	45	30	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	370	340	30	105	95	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	355	355	0	150	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	515	510	10	175	175	0
48. Precision production	185	180	0	80	85	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	85	70	85	55	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	55	35	75	45	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	30	35	10	10	10
Health and related fields	1,280	200	1,080	425	60	365
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	100	80	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,100	100	1,000	370	30	340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	765	410	360	195	105	90
12. Personal and culinary services	335	70	270	85	10	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	350	270	80	55	40	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	70	10	60	55	10
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,880	11,020	11,855	8,115	4,085	4,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,915	6,115	5,805	4,260	2,250	2,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,960	4,910	6,050	3,855	1,835	2,020
Location of study inside Canada	10,010	4,405	5,605	3,520	1,635	1,880
Same as province or territory of residence	9,430	4,150	5,280	3,320	1,555	1,760
Different than province or territory of residence	575	250	330	200	80	125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	955	510	445	335	200	135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	190	100	90	60	45	20
Philippines	105	20	85	10	0	10
India	35	10	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	260	190	70	100	60	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other	350	180	170	155	100	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,455	7,440	8,020	4,815	2,425	2,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,645	3,600	3,035	2,250	1,240	1,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,815	3,835	4,980	2,570	1,185	1,380
Location of study inside Canada	8,180	3,535	4,645	2,385	1,095	1,290
Same as province or territory of residence	7,725	3,350	4,375	2,260	1,055	1,205
Different than province or territory of residence	450	185	270	120	40	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	635	300	335	180	95	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	75	70	25	20	0
Philippines	100	25	80	10	0	10
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	85	40	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other	220	105	110	105	55	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,115	4,085	4,030
In the labour force	16,760	8,540	8,220	5,025	2,710	2,315
Employed	15,745	8,000	7,740	4,715	2,560	2,160
Unemployed	1,020	540	480	310	155	155
Not in the labour force	6,115	2,480	3,635	3,085	1,375	1,710
Participation rate	73.3	77.5	69.3	61.9	66.3	57.4
Employment rate	68.8	72.6	65.3	58.1	62.7	53.6
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.3	5.8	6.2	5.7	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	22,875	11,020	11,855	8,110	4,085	4,030
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,730	2,365	3,360	2,735	1,130	1,600
Worked	17,150	8,655	8,495	5,375	2,955	2,425
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,570	5,455	4,120	2,840	1,690	1,155
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,580	3,200	4,375	2,540	1,265	1,275
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.8	42.8	42.8	43.3	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,765	8,545	8,220	5,030	2,710	2,315
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	140	120	70	25	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	16,505	8,400	8,100	4,960	2,685	2,275
Employee	14,950	7,540	7,415	3,745	1,915	1,825
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,545	860	685	1,215	770	450
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,760	8,545	8,220	5,025	2,710	2,315
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	145	115	70	25	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	16,505	8,400	8,105	4,955	2,685	2,270
0 Management occupations	1,610	960	645	755	515	245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,510	680	1,830	570	80	485
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725	590	140	200	135	60
3 Health occupations	950	100	850	280	30	250
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,020	670	1,350	370	100	270
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	380	170	210	170	80	90
6 Sales and service occupations	4,095	1,510	2,585	880	290	585
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,935	2,770	165	1,055	1,010	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	340	270	65	250	180	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	930	680	250	430	260	175
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,760	8,545	8,220	5,025	2,715	2,315
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	145	120	70	30	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	16,500	8,400	8,100	4,960	2,685	2,275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	70	35	520	365	155
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	20	20	0
22 Utilities	180	140	40	30	25	10
23 Construction	1,570	1,380	190	570	505	65
31-33 Manufacturing	1,880	1,360	525	780	490	290
41 Wholesale trade	785	540	245	140	105	35
44-45 Retail trade	2,055	985	1,075	470	215	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	880	590	290	205	165	35
51 Information and cultural industries	325	180	145	70	55	20
52 Finance and insurance	460	130	330	140	30	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	370	155	210	85	45	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	850	365	485	285	100	185
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	790	415	375	225	135	85
61 Educational services	1,210	315	895	240	85	160
62 Health care and social assistance	1,635	180	1,450	465	40	425
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	310	155	155	140	55	85
72 Accommodation and food services	1,255	455	800	215	40	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	740	355	385	210	130	80
91 Public administration	1,030	590	435	140	80	65
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	15,745	8,005	7,740	4,715	2,555	2,155
Worked at home	815	345	470	920	525	400
Worked outside Canada	10	15	0	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,955	1,390	565	800	620	180
Worked at usual place	12,960	6,255	6,705	2,980	1,400	1,580
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	12,960	6,255	6,705	2,975	1,395	1,580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,410	1,920	3,490	1,105	475	635
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	840	385	455	625	220	410
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,685	3,940	2,745	1,235	705	535
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	14,915	7,645	7,265	3,780	2,015	1,760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	12,535	6,610	5,925	3,345	1,820	1,520
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	965	440	525	180	90	90
Public transit	265	100	165	25	10	20
Walked	920	385	530	190	80	110
Bicycle	85	70	20	0	0	0
Other method	140	35	100	35	20	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	14,915	7,645	7,265	3,775	2,020	1,760
Less than 15 minutes	5,455	2,035	3,425	1,040	535	505
15 to 29 minutes	1,960	845	1,115	895	380	520
30 to 44 minutes	2,290	1,435	855	870	460	410
45 to 59 minutes	2,445	1,500	945	380	195	185
60 minutes and over	2,760	1,835	930	590	455	140
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	14,915	7,650	7,265	3,775	2,020	1,760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,845	1,430	410	400	265	125
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,605	1,650	955	685	450	235
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,385	1,635	1,745	1,065	580	490
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,665	850	1,820	715	220	495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,450	520	935	265	95	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,965	1,565	1,405	640	405	240
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,550	8,855	8,690	5,520	3,015	2,505
Single responses	17,455	8,830	8,625	5,515	3,010	2,505
Official languages	17,440	8,820	8,615	5,430	2,950	2,480
English	17,320	8,795	8,520	5,430	2,945	2,480
French	120	20	95	0	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	10	80	60	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	80	60	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	75	55	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	75	50	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	45	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	25	65	0	0	0
English and French	45	10	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	15	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,545	8,850	8,695	5,520	3,015	2,505
None	17,180	8,725	8,455	5,395	2,940	2,455
English	100	25	75	30	20	10
French	160	40	125	40	15	25
Non-official language	115	75	40	55	35	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	110	70	40	55	35	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	28,005	13,565	14,445	9,630	4,835	4,800
Non-movers	24,595	11,950	12,640	8,810	4,410	4,395
Movers	3,420	1,615	1,805	825	420	405
Non-migrants	1,560	730	830	210	125	90
Migrants	1,860	885	970	615	300	310
Internal migrants	1,785	845	935	580	290	290
Intraprovincial migrants	1,715	815	895	560	270	290
Interprovincial migrants	65	25	40	15	15	0
External migrants	75	40	35	35	15	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	26,565	12,855	13,710	9,190	4,620	4,565
Non-movers	16,145	7,805	8,345	6,630	3,360	3,270
Movers	10,420	5,050	5,365	2,555	1,260	1,295
Non-migrants	4,680	2,260	2,420	725	335	390
Migrants	5,740	2,790	2,950	1,830	925	900
Internal migrants	5,480	2,660	2,820	1,775	905	875
Intraprovincial migrants	5,230	2,550	2,675	1,715	860	850
Interprovincial migrants	250	110	140	65	45	20
External migrants	260	125	135	55	25	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Orangeville, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey Highlands, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey Highlands, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey Highlands, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Orangeville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Grey Highlands, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario