Census Profile, 2016 Census
Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Petrolia, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Lambton, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,742	...	...	126,638	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,528	...	...	126,199	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.9	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,323	...	...	59,777	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,277	...	...	54,481	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	452.8	...	...	42.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.68	...	...	3,002.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,745	2,725	3,015	126,640	62,000	64,640
0 to 14 years	1,015	525	495	19,600	9,955	9,650
0 to 4 years	305	165	135	6,130	3,130	3,000
5 to 9 years	365	180	185	6,890	3,475	3,415
10 to 14 years	350	180	170	6,590	3,350	3,240
15 to 64 years	3,495	1,680	1,815	79,745	39,510	40,235
15 to 19 years	335	170	160	6,945	3,570	3,370
20 to 24 years	285	150	140	7,430	3,880	3,555
25 to 29 years	305	140	170	7,085	3,585	3,500
30 to 34 years	360	175	190	7,015	3,525	3,485
35 to 39 years	350	165	185	6,730	3,280	3,445
40 to 44 years	360	175	185	6,830	3,380	3,450
45 to 49 years	315	155	155	7,345	3,615	3,725
50 to 54 years	390	190	200	9,455	4,475	4,980
55 to 59 years	390	180	210	10,680	5,195	5,485
60 to 64 years	400	180	220	10,235	5,000	5,240
65 years and over	1,230	515	715	27,295	12,535	14,755
65 to 69 years	345	165	180	8,910	4,335	4,570
70 to 74 years	260	125	140	6,595	3,215	3,380
75 to 79 years	210	90	120	4,655	2,135	2,520
80 to 84 years	190	80	110	3,575	1,580	1,995
85 years and over	220	60	160	3,560	1,265	2,295
85 to 89 years	135	40	95	2,295	915	1,380
90 to 94 years	70	15	50	1,015	305	715
95 to 99 years	10	0	15	215	40	170
100 years and over	5	0	5	35	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	19.3	16.4	15.5	16.1	14.9
15 to 64 years	60.8	61.7	60.2	63.0	63.7	62.2
65 years and over	21.4	18.9	23.7	21.6	20.2	22.8
85 years and over	3.8	2.2	5.3	2.8	2.0	3.6
Average age of the population	42.8	40.9	44.5	43.9	42.8	44.8
Median age of the population	43.0	41.5	44.7	46.1	44.8	47.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
Single-detached house	1,885	...	...	41,285	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,920	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	395	...	...	9,085	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	1,530	...	...
Row house	60	...	...	2,440	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	170	...	...	3,975	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	165	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 person	630	...	...	16,165	...	...
2 persons	805	...	...	21,270	...	...
3 persons	335	...	...	7,200	...	...
4 persons	335	...	...	6,430	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	3,415	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,500	...	...	124,600	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,725	2,200	2,525	107,035	52,045	54,990
Married or living common law	2,875	1,435	1,440	64,180	32,080	32,100
Married	2,500	1,250	1,250	54,425	27,205	27,225
Living common law	375	190	190	9,755	4,875	4,880
Not married and not living common law	1,845	760	1,085	42,855	19,960	22,890
Never married	1,005	530	475	25,380	14,045	11,335
Separated	155	60	100	3,410	1,500	1,910
Divorced	240	95	145	6,425	2,800	3,625
Widowed	445	75	365	7,640	1,625	6,020
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,640	...	...	37,420	...	...
2 persons	855	...	...	21,525	...	...
3 persons	330	...	...	7,000	...	...
4 persons	310	...	...	6,055	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	2,840	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,645	...	...	37,420	...	...
Total couple families	1,405	...	...	31,585	...	...
Married couples	1,220	...	...	26,705	...	...
Common-law couples	185	...	...	4,875	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	235	...	...	5,840	...	...
Female parent	180	...	...	4,535	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,400	...	...	31,585	...	...
Couples without children	720	...	...	18,035	...	...
Couples with children	690	...	...	13,550	...	...
1 child	255	...	...	5,340	...	...
2 children	290	...	...	5,525	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	2,680	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	3,485	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	1,660	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	785	315	470	21,070	10,125	10,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,280	...	...	54,485	...	...
One-census-family households	1,570	...	...	36,340	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	680	...	...	17,650	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	895	...	...	18,685	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	535	...	...
Non-census-family households	670	...	...	17,605	...	...
One-person households	635	...	...	16,165	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	40	...	...	1,445	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,550	2,655	2,895	125,220	61,490	63,725
English only	5,160	2,490	2,670	117,040	57,970	59,065
French only	0	0	0	45	25	25
English and French	385	165	225	7,850	3,385	4,465
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	290	115	175
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,550	2,655	2,895	125,220	61,495	63,730
English	5,475	2,625	2,855	122,680	60,365	62,320
French	70	30	35	2,135	970	1,175
English and French	0	0	5	125	60	65
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	275	110	170
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	30	40	2,200	995	1,205
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.1	1.4	1.8	1.6	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,550	2,655	2,895	125,220	61,495	63,725
Single responses	5,525	2,645	2,875	124,150	60,980	63,170
Official languages	5,355	2,560	2,795	115,985	56,995	58,995
English	5,275	2,525	2,750	113,625	55,925	57,700
French	80	30	45	2,360	1,070	1,295
Non-official languages	170	85	85	8,165	3,990	4,180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	60	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	125	60	70
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	85	85	8,030	3,925	4,105
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	265	140	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	260	140	120
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	215	115	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	5	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	245	90	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	205	75	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	140	90	50
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	5	0	0	55	40	15
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	35	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	125	65	65	6,470	3,165	3,300
Albanian	0	5	0	20	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	950	425	520
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slavic languages	25	15	10	915	410	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	5	0	0	70	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	75	30	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	385	170	215
Russian	5	5	5	75	30	50
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	5	5	0	125	60	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	40	2,550	1,215	1,335
Afrikaans	5	0	0	20	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dutch	40	20	20	1,505	715	790
Frisian	0	0	0	50	25	25
German	30	15	15	860	410	450
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	210	115	90
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	770	420	355
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	680	370	310
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	270	145	130
Hindi	5	0	0	115	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	25	15	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	120	65	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	55	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	5	1,945	965	985
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	980	520	460
Portuguese	5	5	0	440	215	225
Romanian	5	5	0	55	20	35
Spanish	5	5	0	465	210	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	105	40	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	405	195	210
Chinese languages	15	10	5	380	180	200
Cantonese	10	5	5	155	85	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	185	80	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkish	5	0	5	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	175	80	90
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hungarian	5	0	0	120	60	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	1,070	510	555
English and French	10	5	5	345	150	195
English and non-official language	15	5	15	670	340	335
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,550	2,655	2,895	125,220	61,490	63,725
Single responses	5,520	2,645	2,880	123,810	60,835	62,975
Official languages	5,475	2,620	2,860	121,400	59,675	61,725
English	5,455	2,610	2,845	120,835	59,430	61,400
French	25	10	15	565	250	320
Non-official languages	40	20	20	2,410	1,155	1,255
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	5	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	2,390	1,145	1,245
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	40	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	90	45	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	80	55	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	30	15
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	1,650	770	880
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	165	80	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	165	75	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	70	35	35
Russian	5	5	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	310	140	170
Afrikaans	0	5	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	95	45	55
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	5	0	5	175	80	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	85	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	5	5	420	220	195
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	385	205	180
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	185	95	90
Hindi	5	5	0	55	35	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	40	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	665	280	375
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	255	100	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	165	65	100
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	5	0	5	225	110	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	70	35	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	35	25	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	0	240	120	125
Chinese languages	15	10	0	225	115	115
Cantonese	5	5	5	90	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	125	70	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	1,415	655	750
English and French	0	0	0	140	55	85
English and non-official language	30	15	15	1,235	585	650
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,555	2,660	2,895	125,220	61,490	63,730
None	5,380	2,580	2,800	118,985	58,630	60,350
English	30	15	20	1,335	645	685
French	70	30	40	1,725	705	1,025
Non-official language	65	25	35	3,075	1,465	1,615
Aboriginal	0	0	0	310	130	180
Non-Aboriginal	65	30	30	2,765	1,330	1,430
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	5	30	15	15
French and non-official language	5	0	5	60	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,480	2,110	2,365	105,015	51,290	53,725
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,315	2,040	2,270	101,305	49,730	51,575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,176	47,846	27,264	34,668	46,561	26,672
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,315	2,045	2,275	101,385	49,735	51,650
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,867	41,869	25,131	31,444	41,147	24,636
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,920	1,900	2,015	90,945	45,660	45,280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,821	44,736	22,144	31,868	43,789	22,749
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,210	1,390	1,820	75,615	34,705	40,905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,640	7,904	7,504	7,964	8,140	7,852
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,155	1,660	1,500	71,905	38,720	33,190
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,256	43,238	24,640	29,992	38,608	24,043
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,405	2,090	2,320	105,015	51,295	53,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,265	2,035	2,230	101,140	49,640	51,500
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,557	61,274	33,156	48,249	61,492	35,485
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,265	2,035	2,230	101,280	49,645	51,640
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,973	50,016	28,918	39,685	49,340	30,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,855	1,875	1,980	90,815	45,605	45,205
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,236	60,000	29,306	46,381	60,342	32,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,240	1,390	1,845	75,725	34,630	41,095
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,634	8,631	8,636	8,820	8,676	8,942
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,145	1,650	1,500	71,905	38,635	33,275
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,870	57,739	30,706	44,895	55,403	32,695
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,410	2,085	2,320	105,015	51,295	53,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,435	840	600	31,530	18,265	13,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,545	66,856	39,884	54,094	66,602	43,059
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,746	78,880	47,210	69,297	81,887	51,967
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.7	90.4	78.4	86.4	90.3	79.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.3	75.1	60.4	65.9	69.9	59.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.3	9.8	21.7	13.6	9.7	20.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,485	2,115	2,370	105,015	51,295	53,720
Without total income	165	70	95	3,710	1,560	2,150
With total income	4,315	2,040	2,270	101,305	49,730	51,580
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.5	95.8	96.5	96.9	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	535	170	365	13,990	5,485	8,510
$10,000 to $19,999	720	250	470	16,780	5,965	10,815
$20,000 to $29,999	600	195	410	14,270	5,175	9,095
$30,000 to $39,999	550	235	320	11,510	4,920	6,590
$40,000 to $49,999	455	225	230	10,190	5,000	5,190
$50,000 to $59,999	325	180	145	7,675	4,345	3,335
$60,000 to $69,999	280	155	125	6,075	3,760	2,310
$70,000 to $79,999	190	130	60	4,555	3,000	1,550
$80,000 to $89,999	140	95	45	3,445	2,280	1,160
$90,000 to $99,999	135	85	45	3,045	1,965	1,075
$100,000 and over	375	325	50	9,775	7,835	1,940
$100,000 to $149,999	255	220	40	6,340	4,945	1,390
$150,000 and over	120	105	10	3,435	2,890	550
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,480	2,115	2,365	105,015	51,290	53,725
Without after-tax income	165	75	95	3,630	1,560	2,070
With after-tax income	4,315	2,040	2,275	101,385	49,735	51,650
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.5	96.2	96.5	97.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	560	175	390	14,740	5,580	9,165
$10,000 to $19,999	750	260	490	17,555	6,250	11,305
$20,000 to $29,999	715	240	475	16,370	6,180	10,190
$30,000 to $39,999	625	295	330	13,500	6,140	7,365
$40,000 to $49,999	480	245	235	11,050	5,925	5,125
$50,000 to $59,999	375	220	160	8,170	5,055	3,110
$60,000 to $69,999	230	150	80	5,605	3,765	1,840
$70,000 to $79,999	190	130	55	4,580	3,080	1,505
$80,000 and over	385	330	55	9,815	7,765	2,055
$80,000 to $89,999	150	110	35	2,945	2,145	800
$90,000 to $99,999	65	60	5	1,965	1,520	440
$100,000 and over	175	155	15	4,905	4,095	810
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,480	2,115	2,365	105,015	51,290	53,720
Without employment income	1,320	455	870	33,110	12,575	20,535
With employment income	3,160	1,660	1,500	71,905	38,720	33,185
Percentage with employment income	70.5	78.5	63.4	68.5	75.5	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	545	280	265	13,530	7,665	5,865
$5,000 to $9,999	245	90	155	5,845	2,415	3,430
$10,000 to $19,999	385	150	240	8,940	3,605	5,340
$20,000 to $29,999	320	120	205	7,635	3,095	4,540
$30,000 to $39,999	345	145	200	7,050	2,990	4,060
$40,000 to $49,999	265	125	140	5,680	2,820	2,860
$50,000 to $59,999	215	115	100	4,405	2,465	1,940
$60,000 to $69,999	165	95	65	3,420	2,130	1,290
$70,000 to $79,999	135	95	40	2,775	1,855	920
$80,000 and over	530	435	95	12,630	9,685	2,945
$80,000 to $89,999	110	80	35	2,420	1,600	820
$90,000 to $99,999	105	70	35	2,450	1,585	865
$100,000 and over	315	285	30	7,765	6,505	1,260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,741	...	...	70,022	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,107	...	...	61,663	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	630	...	...	16,165	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,603	...	...	35,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,371	...	...	32,161	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,645	...	...	38,320	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,624	...	...	87,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,155	...	...	76,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,275	...	...	54,485	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,227	...	...	89,571	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,019	...	...	73,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...	16,150	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,348	...	...	46,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,105	...	...	38,902	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,655	...	...	38,330	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,263	...	...	107,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,077	...	...	88,468	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,275	...	...	54,485	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	810	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	1,625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	2,040	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	2,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2,110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	2,400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	2,400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	2,340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	2,210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	4,240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	180	...	...	3,940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	3,650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	3,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...	2,875	...	...
$100,000 and over	745	...	...	17,330	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	5,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...	3,745	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	185	...	...	4,270	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	3,625	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	825	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1,655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	2,120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2,760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	2,755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	2,730	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	2,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	2,585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	5,065	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	210	...	...	4,560	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	4,310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...	3,565	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	3,025	...	...
$100,000 and over	540	...	...	12,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	260	...	...	5,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	135	...	...	3,120	...	...
$150,000 and over	150	...	...	4,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,615	...	...	37,255	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,752	...	...	88,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,275	...	...	76,937	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	675	...	...	17,380	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,384	...	...	81,933	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,758	...	...	71,589	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	690	...	...	13,700	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,224	...	...	119,313	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,200	...	...	101,252	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	5,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,424	...	...	46,555	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,968	...	...	44,275	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,625	...	...	37,260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,582	...	...	108,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,253	...	...	88,891	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	675	...	...	17,405	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,500	...	...	100,338	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,044	...	...	82,254	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	725	...	...	13,685	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,544	...	...	138,587	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,915	...	...	112,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	5,485	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,882	...	...	60,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,812	...	...	52,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	730	295	435	19,270	9,330	9,940
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,152	39,488	30,208	32,937	36,764	30,212
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,477	34,347	28,032	29,996	32,872	27,985
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	710	305	410	19,255	9,395	9,855
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,920	53,667	34,850	43,619	49,172	38,325
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,971	44,739	31,138	36,728	40,280	33,342
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,495	2,640	2,860	124,600	61,235	63,365
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,550	1,140	1,410	58,705	27,595	31,110
In the bottom decile	330	150	180	11,580	5,515	6,060
In the second decile	465	195	270	11,710	5,050	6,655
In the third decile	575	250	325	11,765	5,465	6,300
In the fourth decile	620	270	350	11,480	5,520	5,960
In the fifth decile	555	270	280	12,175	6,045	6,130
In the top half of the distribution	2,945	1,500	1,450	65,895	33,640	32,255
In the sixth decile	615	310	305	12,440	6,230	6,210
In the seventh decile	675	335	335	13,365	6,730	6,635
In the eighth decile	665	335	330	13,305	6,790	6,515
In the ninth decile	525	270	250	13,645	7,045	6,600
In the top decile	475	250	225	13,140	6,850	6,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,495	2,640	2,860	121,370	59,655	61,715
0 to 17 years	1,230	630	595	22,880	11,675	11,205
0 to 5 years	375	195	175	7,190	3,685	3,505
18 to 64 years	3,240	1,555	1,685	73,230	36,155	37,075
65 years and over	1,035	455	580	25,250	11,820	13,430
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	555	230	320	15,825	7,095	8,725
0 to 17 years	135	65	65	3,950	1,975	1,980
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	1,425	710	715
18 to 64 years	310	135	175	9,460	4,325	5,130
65 years and over	110	30	80	2,420	795	1,625
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.1	8.7	11.2	13.0	11.9	14.1
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	10.3	10.9	17.3	16.9	17.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.7	10.3	11.4	19.8	19.3	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.7	10.4	12.9	12.0	13.8
65 years and over (%)	10.6	6.6	13.8	9.6	6.7	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	200	95	105	7,655	3,715	3,940
0 to 17 years	45	20	20	1,660	800	855
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	600	285	315
18 to 64 years	135	65	75	5,580	2,755	2,825
65 years and over	15	0	10	420	160	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.6	3.7	6.3	6.2	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.2	3.4	7.3	6.9	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.1	5.7	8.3	7.7	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.5	7.6	7.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	1.4	0.0	1.7	1.7	1.4	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,600	61,235	63,360
Official languages	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,310	61,090	63,220
English	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,270	61,080	63,190
French	345	160	185	7,865	3,455	4,410
Non-official languages	195	100	95	10,680	5,175	5,505
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	575	240	335
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	565	240	330
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	565	235	325
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	555	230	325
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	100	95	10,115	4,940	5,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	525	300	220
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	515	290	225
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	450	250	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	10	375	145	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	345	120	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	180	140	40
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	60	20
Tamil	0	0	0	45	35	10
Telugu	0	0	0	70	60	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	75	80	7,960	3,865	4,090
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,050	455	595
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,025	450	570
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Croatian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Czech	0	0	10	75	35	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Polish	0	0	0	435	195	240
Russian	0	0	0	140	55	90
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	140	45	90
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	130	55	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	35	35	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	50	2,855	1,380	1,475
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	50	20	30	1,560	755	805
Frisian	0	0	0	75	45	30
German	35	15	15	1,150	555	590
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	45	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	10	275	155	120
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,030	565	470
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	930	510	420
Bengali	0	0	0	50	25	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	345	200	145
Hindi	0	0	0	505	290	215
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	180	80	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	190	90	100
Iranian languages	0	0	0	110	60	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	45	20	2,810	1,350	1,455
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	1,210	595	615
Portuguese	10	10	0	475	205	270
Romanian	10	0	0	70	20	45
Spanish	30	20	10	1,125	545	570
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	90	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	110	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	175	90	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	50	70
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	130	55	85
American Sign Language	10	0	10	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	10	460	205	260
Chinese languages	10	10	0	420	185	235
Cantonese	10	0	0	160	80	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	235	95	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	180	90	90
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	10	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	10	0	150	75	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,595	61,235	63,360
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,445	2,605	2,845	121,400	59,795	61,610
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,260	620	640	23,420	11,970	11,450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,185	1,985	2,205	97,980	47,820	50,155
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	55	25	25	3,195	1,445	1,755
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,595	61,235	63,365
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,215	2,505	2,710	111,465	55,060	56,405
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	285	125	160	12,390	5,690	6,700
Before 1981	210	75	135	7,870	3,755	4,115
1981 to 1990	10	10	10	1,330	500	830
1991 to 2000	30	20	15	1,150	515	640
2001 to 2010	20	20	0	1,395	625	775
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	660	295	365
2006 to 2010	10	15	0	740	330	415
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	10	635	300	340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	740	480	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	280	120	160	12,390	5,690	6,700
Under 5 years	35	0	30	1,740	825	920
5 to 14 years	90	40	50	2,585	1,270	1,315
15 to 24 years	85	45	35	3,280	1,445	1,840
25 to 44 years	65	30	40	4,180	1,870	2,310
45 years and over	10	10	0	600	285	315
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	285	125	155	12,390	5,695	6,695
Americas	100	40	60	2,355	805	1,550
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	10	0	55	25	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	105	50	50
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaica	15	0	0	170	90	85
Mexico	0	0	10	150	65	80
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	75	35	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	10	55	1,510	395	1,115
Other places of birth in Americas	10	15	0	250	130	125
Europe	155	70	85	7,660	3,760	3,905
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	0	15
Croatia	0	0	0	25	10	20
France	0	0	0	65	35	30
Germany	15	10	15	525	220	305
Greece	0	0	0	160	90	75
Hungary	0	10	0	130	70	60
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	155	70	80
Italy	10	0	0	730	390	335
Netherlands	30	20	15	1,325	695	630
Poland	10	0	10	250	100	155
Portugal	10	10	0	280	120	155
Romania	0	10	0	80	25	55
Russian Federation	0	0	0	50	25	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	0	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	65	30	30	3,260	1,615	1,650
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	550	270	280
Africa	0	0	0	355	185	165
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	225	120	110
Asia	20	10	10	1,980	915	1,065
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	230	60	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	45	25	20
India	0	0	0	460	235	225
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Iraq	0	0	0	175	105	70
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	85	35	50
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	135	60	80
Philippines	15	0	10	315	120	190
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	20	15	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	70	25	40
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	230	120	110
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	635	295	340
Americas	10	10	10	185	95	85
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	20	0
Mexico	10	10	0	25	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	105	30	75
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	110	40	70
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	80	55	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	20	25
Asia	0	0	0	265	110	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	65	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	15
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Philippines	0	0	0	45	15	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,600	61,235	63,365
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	310	140	175	13,705	6,455	7,255
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	645	280	360	19,950	9,845	10,110
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,540	2,205	2,335	90,940	44,940	46,000
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	75	50	30	4,685	2,000	2,685
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	0	1,865	950	910
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	685	505	180
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	10	1,175	445	730
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	65	35	25	2,210	750	1,460
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	585	280	305
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,600	61,235	63,360
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	145	55	90	6,890	3,335	3,550
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	140	45	95	6,710	3,255	3,455
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	75	30	45	5,390	2,560	2,825
Métis	60	20	40	1,295	685	605
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	10	0	125	65	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,350	2,575	2,775	117,710	57,900	59,810
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,495	2,630	2,865	124,600	61,235	63,360
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	45	20	25	4,910	2,315	2,600
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,455	2,610	2,845	119,690	58,925	60,765
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,600	61,235	63,365
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	15	15	3,730	1,810	1,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	15	15	3,710	1,795	1,910
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	3,575	1,745	1,840
Métis single ancestry	25	10	15	130	55	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	215	85	130	4,455	2,185	2,275
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	210	85	125	4,380	2,140	2,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	65	75	3,050	1,440	1,610
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	10	35	1,285	685	605
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	40	10	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	75	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	75	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,255	2,535	2,725	116,410	57,240	59,170
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,600	61,235	63,360
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	85	45	45	5,505	2,850	2,650
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	0	10	1,300	700	595
Chinese	10	0	0	650	280	375
Black	25	10	15	1,250	665	580
Filipino	10	10	10	495	200	295
Latin American	20	15	10	475	260	215
Arab	0	0	0	460	255	205
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	225	125	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	120	55	60
Korean	0	0	0	120	60	60
Japanese	0	0	0	90	60	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	150	100	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	10	0	165	95	70
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,410	2,585	2,825	119,090	58,380	60,710
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,500	2,630	2,870	124,595	61,235	63,360
North American Aboriginal origins	240	95	145	8,185	3,995	4,190
First Nations (North American Indian)	150	75	80	6,720	3,235	3,485
Inuit	20	10	20	50	20	30
Métis	70	20	45	1,510	800	715
Other North American origins	2,090	970	1,125	44,225	21,575	22,650
Acadian	0	0	0	70	25	55
American	35	0	30	1,855	760	1,095
Canadian	2,070	965	1,105	42,935	21,055	21,880
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	60	35	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	20	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	15	10
European origins	4,355	2,075	2,285	94,600	46,215	48,385
British Isles origins	3,460	1,620	1,835	69,105	33,650	35,460
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,240	1,070	1,175	41,140	19,425	21,715
Irish	1,485	685	800	28,370	13,590	14,780
Manx	0	0	0	45	25	20
Scottish	1,620	720	890	31,790	15,330	16,460
Welsh	140	60	80	2,590	1,290	1,300
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	45	45	2,955	1,405	1,550
French origins	745	355	390	17,325	8,250	9,070
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	750	355	390	17,315	8,255	9,065
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,215	590	630	27,205	13,445	13,750
Austrian	0	10	0	430	230	200
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	135	75	70	2,105	1,080	1,030
Dutch	575	270	310	12,855	6,405	6,445
Flemish	0	0	0	95	35	65
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	25
German	570	280	285	13,495	6,580	6,910
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swiss	10	10	0	250	155	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	110	40	70	2,405	1,160	1,245
Danish	10	10	0	570	290	275
Finnish	30	20	10	460	245	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	155	75	75
Norwegian	35	15	20	625	280	345
Swedish	35	10	25	555	265	290
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	10	120	40	85
Eastern European origins	355	160	195	9,145	4,360	4,785
Bulgarian	10	0	0	75	30	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	10	0	10	500	260	240
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	270	115	155
Estonian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungarian	40	15	25	1,220	560	665
Latvian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	185	75	115
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	130	80	50	3,245	1,655	1,585
Romanian	20	10	15	510	220	290
Russian	20	0	20	885	415	470
Slovak	70	20	55	920	390	530
Ukrainian	125	45	80	2,500	1,200	1,300
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	50	20
Southern European origins	225	125	100	8,050	4,200	3,845
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	15	0	270	145	125
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	10	10
Greek	15	0	15	705	385	320
Italian	165	95	75	4,920	2,620	2,305
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	60	45	15
Maltese	0	0	0	115	85	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	30	0	1,180	595	585
Serbian	0	0	0	80	50	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Spanish	25	10	10	645	300	345
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	170	70	100
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	0	15	365	160	210
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	125	65	60
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	0	15	230	95	140
Caribbean origins	15	0	10	900	530	370
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	40	25	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	10	0	10	515	275	240
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	105	70	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	95	50	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	50	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	10	15	905	490	415
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Belizean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	50	35	15
Colombian	15	15	0	85	30	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	115	65	50
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maya	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexican	15	10	10	365	195	165
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	125	65	50
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	10	10
African origins	20	10	15	965	505	460
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	230	130	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	100	40	60
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	60	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	115	45	65
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	105	40	60
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	10	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	120	65	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	20	10	10	525	270	255
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	95	55	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	0	0	430	220	215
Asian origins	70	25	40	4,105	2,020	2,090
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	15	25	965	490	470
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	80	35	40
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	180	100	80
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	15	20	395	190	200
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	50	10	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	15	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	1,355	725	635
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	1,075	590	485
Goan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	160	80	80
Punjabi	0	0	0	55	20	35
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	45	15	25
East and Southeast Asian origins	20	10	10	1,800	825	980
Burmese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	0	875	410	465
Filipino	10	0	0	525	210	315
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Japanese	0	0	0	120	65	55
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	60	60
Laotian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	65	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania origins	10	0	10	45	20	30
Australian	0	0	10	30	0	25
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
Owner	1,835	...	...	40,580	...	...
Renter	440	...	...	13,750	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	2,135	...	...
Not condominium	2,225	...	...	52,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	5,125	...	...
2 bedrooms	485	...	...	12,265	...	...
3 bedrooms	920	...	...	22,430	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	740	...	...	14,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	210	...	...	8,860	...	...
5 rooms	260	...	...	6,855	...	...
6 rooms	355	...	...	8,145	...	...
7 rooms	375	...	...	8,345	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,085	...	...	22,280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,280	...	...	54,255	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,275	...	...	54,485	...	...
Suitable	2,250	...	...	53,235	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
1960 or before	810	...	...	19,800	...	...
1961 to 1980	510	...	...	17,715	...	...
1981 to 1990	205	...	...	6,470	...	...
1991 to 2000	235	...	...	4,420	...	...
2001 to 2005	190	...	...	2,150	...	...
2006 to 2010	220	...	...	2,340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	105	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,275	...	...	54,480	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,135	...	...	50,400	...	...
Major repairs needed	140	...	...	4,080	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,380	...	...	34,180	...	...
2 household maintainers	875	...	...	19,750	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	25	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,280	...	...	54,480	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	1,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	320	...	...	6,630	...	...
35 to 44 years	395	...	...	7,550	...	...
45 to 54 years	405	...	...	9,600	...	...
55 to 64 years	425	...	...	12,155	...	...
65 to 74 years	355	...	...	9,565	...	...
75 to 84 years	235	...	...	5,365	...	...
85 years and over	90	...	...	2,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,275	...	...	51,545	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,850	...	...	41,365	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	425	...	...	10,180	...	...
30% to less than 100%	400	...	...	9,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,835	...	...	38,120	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.9	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.7	...	...	10.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	935	...	...	882	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,072	...	...	1,044	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,232	...	...	214,962	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	221,293	...	...	260,674	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	440	...	...	13,500	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.3	...	...	14.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.7	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	796	...	...	822	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	862	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,405	2,090	2,320	105,015	51,295	53,725
No certificate, diploma or degree	765	365	400	17,615	8,755	8,860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,325	640	685	30,835	14,225	16,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,320	1,085	1,230	56,565	28,310	28,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	395	265	130	11,075	8,920	2,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	165	75	90	4,115	2,800	1,315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	225	185	40	6,960	6,115	845
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,300	540	765	29,275	12,270	17,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	40	35	1,395	575	820
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	545	240	305	14,825	6,545	8,275
Bachelor's degree	430	190	240	10,665	4,455	6,215
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	0	20	1,075	445	625
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	350	235	115
Master's degree	75	40	40	2,405	1,190	1,210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	330	220	110
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,845	1,360	1,480	64,965	31,835	33,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	270	150	115	6,065	3,325	2,740
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	830	380	450	18,090	8,635	9,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,750	830	920	40,805	19,870	20,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	270	190	75	7,250	5,900	1,350
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	40	50	2,630	1,825	810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	180	150	30	4,615	4,075	545
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	990	410	585	22,230	9,320	12,915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	35	10	870	400	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	445	195	245	10,455	4,255	6,200
Bachelor's degree	380	170	205	7,675	3,030	4,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	715	280	435
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	255	160	100
Master's degree	45	15	25	1,635	700	935
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	175	90	80
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,405	2,090	2,320	105,015	51,290	53,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,090	1,000	1,085	48,450	22,985	25,470
Education	175	45	125	3,385	830	2,555
13. Education	175	45	130	3,380	830	2,555
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	20	45	1,100	370	730
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	15	245	140	105
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	30	855	230	625
Humanities	110	65	45	2,195	840	1,360
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	95	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	30	25	10	545	135	410
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	20	660	235	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	100	50	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	290	185	110
54. History	15	15	10	390	225	165
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	115	0	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215	40	170	5,180	1,345	3,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	335	110	225
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	95	1,830	155	1,675
22. Legal professions and studies	50	10	40	630	215	420
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	50	10	45
42. Psychology	20	0	20	710	120	590
45. Social sciences	30	25	0	1,580	725	850
Business, management and public administration	320	65	260	8,480	2,510	5,970
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	15	45	1,180	210	970
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	260	50	215	7,280	2,300	4,985
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	40	20	1,590	890	695
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	465	180	285
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	255	115	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	470	305	165
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	0	390	285	105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	40	30	1,360	825	535
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	35	10	1,065	700	365
25. Library science	15	0	15	115	20	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	160	100	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	595	565	35	17,130	16,040	1,090
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	220	165	55
14. Engineering	40	40	0	2,095	1,735	355
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	155	140	20	4,410	3,965	435
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	140	0	4,385	4,320	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	165	10	3,640	3,525	110
48. Precision production	60	60	0	2,385	2,320	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	1,355	965	390
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	0	1,065	770	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	290	195	95
Health and related fields	480	80	395	10,270	1,480	8,785
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	20	25	815	395	425
51. Health professions and related programs	425	55	370	9,365	1,020	8,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	75	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	190	100	90	4,515	2,215	2,295
12. Personal and culinary services	75	15	65	2,315	440	1,870
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	20	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	25	1,275	920	350
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	30	10	895	825	70
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,845	1,360	1,485	64,965	31,835	33,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,095	535	560	24,155	11,960	12,195
Education	105	35	75	1,990	490	1,500
13. Education	105	35	75	1,990	495	1,495
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	10	30	800	275	520
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	165	100	70
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	20	630	180	450
Humanities	80	40	35	1,520	570	950
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	10	65
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	340	70	270
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	480	165	315
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	80	45	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	205	130	75
54. History	10	10	0	265	150	115
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	70	0	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	35	155	3,935	885	3,050
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	290	95	195
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	90	1,490	95	1,395
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	500	145	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	10	45
42. Psychology	15	0	20	505	70	435
45. Social sciences	20	20	0	1,055	455	595
Business, management and public administration	265	50	215	6,400	1,745	4,660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	15	40	965	145	820
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205	35	170	5,415	1,595	3,825
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	35	15	1,095	560	535
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	330	125	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	185	90	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	290	155	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	275	190	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	30	20	1,095	685	415
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	865	575	295
25. Library science	0	0	10	90	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	130	80	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	435	410	30	12,170	11,235	945
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	195	145	50
14. Engineering	35	30	0	1,425	1,110	315
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	105	15	3,185	2,795	385
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	110	10	3,090	3,045	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	115	0	2,590	2,500	90
48. Precision production	30	30	0	1,695	1,645	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	30	10	1,055	735	315
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	30	10	815	580	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	240	155	80
Health and related fields	340	65	275	7,415	1,060	6,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	20	15	640	295	340
51. Health professions and related programs	300	50	255	6,715	720	5,995
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	45	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	85	65	3,330	1,635	1,695
12. Personal and culinary services	50	10	45	1,680	340	1,340
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	60	45	15	1,020	725	295
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	30	0	610	555	55
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,405	2,085	2,320	105,015	51,295	53,720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,085	1,005	1,085	48,450	22,985	25,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,320	1,085	1,235	56,565	28,310	28,255
Location of study inside Canada	2,215	1,035	1,175	51,710	25,825	25,885
Same as province or territory of residence	2,140	995	1,145	49,230	24,510	24,720
Different than province or territory of residence	75	40	35	2,485	1,310	1,170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	50	55	4,850	2,485	2,370
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	40	40	1,875	800	1,080
Philippines	0	0	0	175	50	120
India	0	0	0	370	195	175
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	15	890	600	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	25	30
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other	10	10	0	1,465	805	660
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,845	1,365	1,480	64,965	31,840	33,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	535	565	24,155	11,960	12,195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,750	825	920	40,810	19,875	20,935
Location of study inside Canada	1,680	800	880	38,090	18,700	19,390
Same as province or territory of residence	1,635	775	860	36,435	17,835	18,600
Different than province or territory of residence	40	25	20	1,655	865	790
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	65	25	35	2,720	1,175	1,545
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	25	30	1,275	490	790
Philippines	0	0	0	100	35	70
India	0	0	0	220	95	120
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	250	135	115
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	15	20
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	825	405	420
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,410	2,085	2,320	105,015	51,290	53,720
In the labour force	2,750	1,410	1,340	61,465	32,335	29,120
Employed	2,560	1,305	1,255	56,485	29,600	26,885
Unemployed	195	105	90	4,975	2,735	2,240
Not in the labour force	1,655	675	975	43,555	18,960	24,595
Participation rate	62.4	67.6	57.8	58.5	63.0	54.2
Employment rate	58.0	62.6	54.1	53.8	57.7	50.0
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.4	6.7	8.1	8.5	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,410	2,090	2,320	105,015	51,295	53,720
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,525	605	920	40,485	17,435	23,055
Worked	2,885	1,485	1,400	64,525	33,860	30,670
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,450	855	600	32,135	18,580	13,555
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,430	635	800	32,395	15,285	17,110
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.7	43.1	42.5	42.6	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,755	1,410	1,340	61,460	32,335	29,125
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	15	30	1,440	705	735
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,705	1,395	1,310	60,020	31,630	28,390
Employee	2,490	1,275	1,215	53,795	27,850	25,950
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	210	120	95	6,225	3,785	2,440
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,755	1,410	1,340	61,460	32,340	29,125
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	20	30	1,440	705	735
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,705	1,390	1,310	60,020	31,630	28,390
0 Management occupations	210	135	80	6,130	3,840	2,290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	310	55	255	7,300	1,710	5,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	130	115	20	3,935	3,110	830
3 Health occupations	215	25	195	4,640	635	4,005
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	355	115	240	5,865	1,750	4,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	105	60	45	1,070	400	670
6 Sales and service occupations	545	175	375	14,690	5,555	9,140
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	510	470	40	11,225	10,525	705
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	55	20	1,675	1,235	440
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	255	200	55	3,485	2,880	605
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,750	1,410	1,340	61,465	32,335	29,125
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	15	30	1,445	705	735
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,705	1,390	1,310	60,020	31,630	28,390
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	30	20	2,660	1,825	830
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	50	0	730	605	120
22 Utilities	20	20	0	625	490	135
23 Construction	235	205	25	5,445	4,900	540
31-33 Manufacturing	390	280	110	6,815	5,315	1,500
41 Wholesale trade	65	45	20	2,195	1,705	485
44-45 Retail trade	260	105	155	6,875	2,920	3,955
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	150	95	50	2,585	1,885	700
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	20	580	215	365
52 Finance and insurance	35	15	25	1,330	425	910
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	25	10	785	440	345
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	90	50	45	2,915	1,665	1,250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	45	15	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	100	35	3,075	1,795	1,280
61 Educational services	215	75	145	3,720	1,085	2,635
62 Health care and social assistance	430	40	390	7,960	1,030	6,930
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	50	25	1,490	680	805
72 Accommodation and food services	165	40	130	4,710	1,615	3,100
81 Other services (except public administration)	140	70	70	3,065	1,620	1,445
91 Public administration	135	95	40	2,420	1,390	1,025
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,560	1,305	1,255	56,480	29,600	26,885
Worked at home	150	55	95	3,875	2,035	1,840
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	380	210	170
No fixed workplace address	255	210	40	6,045	4,555	1,490
Worked at usual place	2,155	1,035	1,110	46,190	22,800	23,385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,155	1,040	1,115	46,190	22,800	23,390
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	875	355	520	26,280	12,270	14,010
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,170	615	550	15,015	7,930	7,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	100	60	40	4,745	2,495	2,245
Commute to a different province or territory	0	10	0	155	100	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,405	1,245	1,160	52,230	27,355	24,875
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,085	1,110	975	44,605	23,560	21,045
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	100	50	45	3,090	1,530	1,560
Public transit	10	10	0	1,165	485	680
Walked	185	60	130	2,290	1,080	1,205
Bicycle	20	15	10	580	450	135
Other method	10	0	0	500	250	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,410	1,250	1,160	52,230	27,360	24,880
Less than 15 minutes	1,040	420	620	24,055	11,235	12,825
15 to 29 minutes	880	530	350	18,710	10,460	8,255
30 to 44 minutes	390	235	160	5,915	3,430	2,485
45 to 59 minutes	30	15	15	1,675	1,000	675
60 minutes and over	60	45	20	1,875	1,225	650
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,405	1,250	1,155	52,230	27,355	24,880
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	200	150	50	3,515	2,490	1,025
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	650	415	235	10,860	7,395	3,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	600	315	285	14,330	7,945	6,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	420	145	270	9,770	3,275	6,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	165	55	105	4,960	1,615	3,340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	375	160	215	8,800	4,640	4,165
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,970	1,520	1,445	66,405	34,765	31,640
Single responses	2,970	1,515	1,445	66,220	34,695	31,530
Official languages	2,965	1,520	1,450	66,135	34,655	31,485
English	2,945	1,515	1,435	65,840	34,575	31,265
French	20	0	10	300	80	220
Non-official languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	0	0	0	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	180	70	110
English and French	10	0	0	115	50	70
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	20	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,970	1,525	1,450	66,405	34,760	31,640
None	2,915	1,510	1,405	65,100	34,255	30,845
English	0	10	0	210	50	160
French	30	10	20	645	280	365
Non-official language	15	0	15	405	155	250
Aboriginal	0	0	0	75	15	65
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	15	330	140	185
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,435	2,590	2,850	123,335	60,570	62,760
Non-movers	4,840	2,305	2,540	109,655	54,060	55,600
Movers	600	285	310	13,680	6,515	7,165
Non-migrants	230	135	100	7,845	3,725	4,120
Migrants	370	155	215	5,835	2,790	3,045
Internal migrants	365	155	215	5,390	2,565	2,830
Intraprovincial migrants	365	150	210	4,870	2,320	2,550
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	525	245	275
External migrants	0	0	0	440	225	220
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,130	2,420	2,710	118,485	58,045	60,440
Non-movers	3,330	1,535	1,790	79,575	39,230	40,345
Movers	1,805	890	920	38,910	18,815	20,095
Non-migrants	705	360	345	21,920	10,530	11,390
Migrants	1,095	525	575	16,990	8,285	8,705
Internal migrants	1,095	525	570	15,565	7,535	8,030
Intraprovincial migrants	1,060	510	555	14,130	6,800	7,325
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	20	1,435	735	700
External migrants	0	0	0	1,430	755	680

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Petrolia, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Petrolia, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lambton, County [Census division], Ontario