Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie Ontario [Economic region]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario  Map : Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,299,265	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,218,400	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	534,583	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	494,567	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	125.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10,375.57	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,299,265	640,085	659,185	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	225,050	115,210	109,840	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	71,035	36,525	34,510	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	76,900	39,425	37,475	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	77,110	39,255	37,860	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	865,965	430,140	435,825	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	81,095	41,620	39,475	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	88,245	45,855	42,385	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	82,530	41,730	40,805	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	82,405	40,705	41,700	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	80,525	39,480	41,045	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	84,575	41,430	43,150	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	90,120	44,235	45,880	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	102,935	50,740	52,195	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	94,195	46,110	48,090	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	79,345	38,240	41,100	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	208,250	94,735	113,520	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	68,795	32,895	35,905	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	50,195	23,765	26,430	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	36,010	16,695	19,310	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	26,370	11,725	14,645	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	26,885	9,655	17,230	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	17,155	6,670	10,490	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	7,775	2,560	5,215	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	1,730	400	1,330	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	220	30	190	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	18.0	16.7	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	66.7	67.2	66.1	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	16.0	14.8	17.2	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.6	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	40.3	39.4	41.2	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	494,565	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	318,975	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	34,180	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	140,075	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	24,315	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	44,380	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	17,485	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	52,855	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,040	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	1,340	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	494,565	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	115,905	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	171,145	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	81,380	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	79,605	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	46,530	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,278,730	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,074,220	524,875	549,340	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	637,225	318,390	318,835	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	533,420	266,615	266,805	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	103,800	51,770	52,030	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	436,995	206,485	230,510	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	284,305	155,440	128,860	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	33,330	14,370	18,960	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	61,400	24,290	37,105	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	57,965	12,385	45,585	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	371,540	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	181,855	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	80,175	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	76,655	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	32,850	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	371,540	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	313,020	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	261,150	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	51,870	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	58,520	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	45,845	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	12,675	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	313,020	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	147,340	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	165,680	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	62,465	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	71,825	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	31,395	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	58,520	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	34,520	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	17,710	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	6,285	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	190,775	92,285	98,495	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	494,565	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	348,090	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	137,660	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	210,430	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	11,520	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	134,955	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	115,910	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,050	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	1,184,055	591,250	592,805	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	675	305	375	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	86,965	37,310	49,650	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	14,200	5,870	8,325	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,285,900	634,745	651,155	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	1,248,885	618,155	630,730	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	18,865	8,855	10,010	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	4,230	2,000	2,235	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	13,915	5,735	8,180	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	20,985	9,855	11,130	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.6	1.6	1.7	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	1,266,160	625,225	640,935	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	1,052,665	521,140	531,530	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	1,032,930	511,860	521,070	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	19,740	9,285	10,455	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	213,495	104,085	109,415	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	330	155	180	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	290	135	150	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	5	0	0	10	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	50	15	35
Plains Cree	0	0	0	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	50	20	35
Woods Cree	0	0	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	255	120	135	550	235	315
Algonquin	5	5	5	5	0	5
Ojibway	250	120	135	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	5	10	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	15	5	10	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	15	5	10	10	10	5
Cayuga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	80	45	35
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	0	0	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	213,165	103,935	109,230	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	13,145	6,785	6,355	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	30	15	15	340	190	145
Kabyle	30	15	15	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	1,305	630	670	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	115	65	50	315	185	130
Oromo	90	45	45	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	1,060	500	555	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	40	20	20
Semitic languages	11,790	6,125	5,670	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	1,035	510	525	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	8,185	4,305	3,885	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	645	320	330	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	145	80	65
Harari	15	5	10	260	135	120
Hebrew	295	170	125	960	505	460
Maltese	360	180	185	75	30	40
Tigrigna	1,060	545	510	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,995	3,320	3,675	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	640	295	340	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	6,355	3,020	3,330	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	6,110	2,260	3,850	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	15	10	5	425	205	225
Cebuano	275	90	185	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	5	5	0	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	95	30	65	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	305	105	195	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	0	0	5	35	10	25
Malay	295	120	175	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	35	15	20	765	370	390
Pangasinan	15	0	10	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,985	1,855	3,130	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	980	430	550
Creole languages	235	125	115	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	105	50	55	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	130	75	55	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	3,260	1,705	1,555	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	135	75	65	535	270	265
Malayalam	925	485	440	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	1,795	920	875	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	390	220	170	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	485	235	255	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	149,345	73,425	75,920	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	1,190	625	565	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	835	410	425	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	31,980	15,215	16,765	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	690	335	360	1,010	475	535
Latvian	310	150	155	415	195	220
Lithuanian	385	185	200	600	285	315
Slavic languages	31,290	14,880	16,410	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	35	10	25	65	30	30
Bosnian	675	340	340	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	250	125	130	1,545	790	755
Croatian	2,945	1,490	1,460	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	1,345	620	725	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	630	305	325	360	185	175
Polish	10,690	4,995	5,695	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	4,365	2,020	2,345	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	5,895	2,955	2,940	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	625	305	325	970	480	485
Slovak	965	450	520	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	555	260	295	695	320	370
Ukrainian	2,040	880	1,155	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	265	125	140	215	120	100
Celtic languages	105	50	55	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	40	20	15	135	70	65
Welsh	50	20	30	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	65	40	25
Germanic languages	35,435	17,065	18,375	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	260	135	120	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	595	275	320	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	7,015	3,455	3,560	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	155	75	75	360	200	160
German	26,875	12,880	13,995	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	20	10	10	115	55	60
Norwegian	85	45	45	815	370	445
Swedish	230	90	135	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	145	60	90	320	150	170
Yiddish	40	20	15	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	55	30	25
Greek	2,485	1,250	1,230	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	29,895	15,385	14,510	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	22,255	11,470	10,780	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	1,365	735	625	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	3,980	2,055	1,930	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	2,380	1,280	1,100	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	5	5	5	105	60	50
Konkani	70	40	30	370	190	185
Marathi	225	115	110	1,510	775	730
Nepali	560	280	275	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	45	20	25	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	7,920	4,020	3,895	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	310	150	160	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	465	230	240	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	4,930	2,540	2,390	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	7,385	3,785	3,605	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	740	400	340	1,550	845	705
Pashto	1,225	645	585	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	5,420	2,740	2,680	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	255	130	125	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	47,430	23,435	23,990	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	20	10	10	75	30	45
Italian	10,935	5,815	5,115	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	15,750	7,715	8,040	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	6,545	3,160	3,385	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	14,160	6,720	7,435	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	35	20	15
Japanese	770	290	485	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	20	10	10	230	130	105
Georgian	20	10	10	230	130	100
Korean	3,160	1,500	1,655	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	545	255	290
Mongolian	10	5	5	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	1,150	560	585	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	170	90	80	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	5	0	0	35	20	15
Edo	20	5	5	275	155	120
Ewe	25	20	10	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	230	120	100
Ga	10	5	5	145	80	65
Ganda	15	5	15	280	145	135
Igbo	60	40	20	1,165	625	540
Lingala	10	5	5	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	15	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	25	25	805	405	400
Shona	155	65	85	1,100	545	555
Swahili	210	100	120	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	10	5	5	280	165	110
Yoruba	180	105	80	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	205	85	120	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	160	165	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	10	10	0	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	155	160	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	290	135	150	830	440	390
American Sign Language	150	65	90	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	135	75	60	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	19,620	9,505	10,115	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	19,210	9,290	9,915	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	4,300	2,055	2,250	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	125	60	65	990	465	530
Mandarin	13,240	6,410	6,825	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	10	5	10	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	465	225	235	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	155	70	85	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	900	455	445	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	415	215	200	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	150	75	75	430	230	200
Karenic languages	130	70	65	795	415	380
Tibetan	20	10	5	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	725	905	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	1,355	640	720	1,020	485	535
Thai	275	90	185	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkic languages	1,540	770	770	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	85	45	35	365	215	155
Turkish	1,035	525	510	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	20	5	15	130	70	60
Uzbek	355	170	190	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	30	215	95	120
Uralic languages	5,000	2,370	2,630	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	330	140	190	190	90	105
Finnish	745	330	420	810	330	480
Hungarian	3,925	1,900	2,025	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	70	45	30	690	415	280
Multiple responses	19,740	9,520	10,215	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	3,415	1,530	1,890	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	15,450	7,580	7,870	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	420	205	215	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	450	210	240	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	1,244,580	614,615	629,965	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	1,143,845	565,640	578,205	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	1,137,765	562,840	574,925	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	6,085	2,800	3,285	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	100,735	48,970	51,760	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	75	35	40	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	30	30	190	95	95
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	25	30	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	5	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	100,655	48,940	51,715	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,980	3,945	4,040	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	15	10	5	200	105	95
Kabyle	15	10	10	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	835	385	450	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	95	50	50	280	160	115
Oromo	50	20	30	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	670	305	365	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	7,125	3,550	3,575	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	670	325	350	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	5,045	2,530	2,515	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	385	180	205	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	50	25	25	95	50	40
Harari	5	5	5	165	80	85
Hebrew	135	70	70	460	235	225
Maltese	50	25	20	15	10	10
Tigrigna	735	375	360	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,580	2,175	2,400	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	325	145	180	960	460	500
Vietnamese	4,255	2,030	2,225	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	2,180	970	1,215	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	0	0	0	70	40	35
Cebuano	65	25	40	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	5	0	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	470	215	255
Ilocano	100	45	60	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malay	80	35	40	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	10	220	110	110
Pangasinan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,865	830	1,030	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	280	120	155
Creole languages	100	45	50	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	30	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	1,890	960	930	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	65	35	30	210	105	105
Malayalam	525	280	245	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	1,100	545	555	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	185	100	90	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	190	85	105	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	64,020	31,135	32,890	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	650	330	315	1,060	570	485
Armenian	500	245	255	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	14,020	6,795	7,225	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	130	50	70	410	210	200
Latvian	40	15	20	165	85	80
Lithuanian	85	35	55	250	125	120
Slavic languages	13,895	6,740	7,155	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	10	5	5	15	10	5
Bosnian	345	185	165	785	400	385
Bulgarian	90	50	45	825	415	405
Croatian	1,065	520	545	1,800	905	895
Czech	350	165	180	875	440	430
Macedonian	240	110	130	175	90	85
Polish	4,170	2,025	2,145	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	2,665	1,290	1,375	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	3,635	1,790	1,840	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	275	130	150	315	160	155
Slovak	280	125	155	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	90	40	50	150	70	75
Ukrainian	570	255	310	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	55	30	25
Celtic languages	5	0	0	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	15	15	5
Welsh	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Germanic languages	11,170	5,455	5,705	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	80	45	45	1,705	835	875
Danish	25	10	15	150	75	75
Dutch	910	450	460	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	10	5	5	60	30	30
German	10,000	4,880	5,115	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	10	5	0	30	15	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Swedish	35	20	15	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	60	30	25
Yiddish	5	0	0	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	425	215	210
Greek	780	360	420	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	18,170	9,045	9,130	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	13,315	6,670	6,645	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	780	395	385	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	2,505	1,245	1,265	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	1,135	575	560	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	0	0	0	50	20	25
Konkani	20	15	5	75	40	40
Marathi	90	45	50	845	440	405
Nepali	390	190	200	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	25	10	10	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,185	2,605	2,580	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	165	75	90	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	225	115	115	1,480	750	730
Urdu	2,795	1,410	1,390	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	4,725	2,315	2,410	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	410	205	205	850	440	410
Pashto	705	345	360	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	3,615	1,765	1,845	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	125	60	65	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	18,730	8,900	9,830	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	15	5	10	35	10	20
Italian	2,375	1,095	1,275	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	6,025	2,835	3,180	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	3,160	1,530	1,625	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	7,165	3,425	3,740	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	5
Japanese	400	190	210	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	10	5	5	160	85	70
Georgian	10	5	5	160	85	70
Korean	2,220	1,045	1,175	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	335	160	175
Mongolian	5	5	0	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	295	130	165	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	45	20	25	845	415	430
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ewe	5	0	5	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	105	55	45
Ga	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ganda	5	0	0	95	50	50
Igbo	15	5	5	265	125	145
Lingala	5	5	0	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	350	175	170
Shona	35	15	20	410	190	225
Swahili	90	40	50	1,090	530	565
Wolof	0	0	0	170	95	75
Yoruba	40	20	20	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	25	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	1,525	765	755
Dinka	0	0	0	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	70	65	725	350	375
Sign languages	375	215	160	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	150	75	75	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	230	140	90	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,270	6,525	6,745	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	12,925	6,345	6,575	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	2,480	1,185	1,295	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	45	25	25	315	135	185
Mandarin	9,615	4,745	4,865	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	5	0	5	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	145	70	75	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	90	45	45	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	540	280	260	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	180	165	1,500	770	730
Burmese	145	75	65	280	145	130
Karenic languages	125	60	65	665	340	320
Tibetan	5	5	5	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	790	375	410	1,130	505	625
Lao	680	320	355	465	215	245
Thai	110	55	55	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	780	380	405	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	155	90	75
Turkish	520	260	260	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	5	0	0	80	45	40
Uzbek	215	95	115	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	70	35	25
Uralic languages	1,405	675	730	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	25	5	20	25	10	15
Finnish	125	50	70	105	50	50
Hungarian	1,255	620	640	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	240	140	95
Multiple responses	41,320	20,125	21,195	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	1,940	880	1,060	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	38,560	18,880	19,680	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	130	60	75	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	690	310	375	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,285,900	634,740	651,160	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	1,157,640	573,510	584,130	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	46,095	22,790	23,305	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	14,865	6,320	8,545	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	65,205	31,145	34,060	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	485	215	270	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	64,720	30,930	33,790	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	295	125	170	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	965	495	465	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	820	345	470	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,013,960	497,635	516,325	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,573	43,515	29,395	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,014,190	497,660	516,530	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,178	38,508	27,069	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	923,875	462,625	461,250	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,060	42,938	26,603	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	712,100	315,780	396,320	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,497	2,191	5,605	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	775,960	402,045	373,910	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,387	43,396	28,745	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,014,270	497,690	516,580	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,543	55,402	38,008	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,014,525	497,710	516,815	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,735	45,087	32,618	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	923,690	462,845	460,845	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,411	54,930	35,851	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	711,960	315,685	396,280	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,390	6,807	7,854	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	775,955	402,150	373,810	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,128	53,323	36,313	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	395,495	226,575	168,920	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,004	60,193	46,985	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	63,736	71,049	53,927	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.9	92.2	84.2	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.2	77.9	69.1	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.1	7.8	15.8	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	40,135	18,745	21,395	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	1,013,955	497,630	516,320	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	96.0	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	137,460	58,005	79,455	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	164,750	64,190	100,565	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	139,090	56,770	82,315	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	116,210	51,465	64,740	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	105,980	50,925	55,050	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	85,370	45,845	39,525	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	65,560	38,410	27,150	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	48,920	30,430	18,485	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	37,925	24,040	13,880	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	32,615	19,465	13,155	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	80,075	58,080	21,995	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	55,820	39,550	16,275	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	24,255	18,530	5,720	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	39,905	18,715	21,185	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	1,014,185	497,660	516,530	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	96.1	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	141,655	59,080	82,570	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	172,970	67,635	105,335	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	161,255	66,955	94,300	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	141,475	65,325	76,150	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	121,890	63,380	58,505	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	87,310	50,980	36,330	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	61,320	38,640	22,680	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	46,010	28,360	17,650	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	80,305	57,295	23,005	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	28,225	18,740	9,485	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	16,055	11,430	4,630	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	36,030	27,130	8,900	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,054,095	516,380	537,720	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	278,135	114,330	163,805	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	775,960	402,045	373,910	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.9	69.5	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	102,085	48,355	53,730	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	62,120	26,505	35,615	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	99,860	42,900	56,960	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	81,185	35,105	46,080	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	79,785	35,400	44,390	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	76,075	37,615	38,465	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	64,140	35,925	28,225	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	49,350	30,115	19,235	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	38,390	24,555	13,840	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	122,955	85,580	37,370	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	31,090	20,180	10,910	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	28,460	16,985	11,475	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	63,405	48,420	14,990	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,245	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,404	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	115,910	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,834	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,822	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	378,660	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,489	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,172	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	494,565	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,452	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,460	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	116,005	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,437	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,689	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	378,565	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,165	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,647	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	494,570	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	6,060	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,835	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,585	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,045	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	17,980	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15,945	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	18,210	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	19,290	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	19,290	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,255	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	37,595	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35,945	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	34,010	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	31,675	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	29,740	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	180,105	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	59,860	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	41,625	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,230	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	33,390	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	6,575	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,965	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,810	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,745	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20,125	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	17,950	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	21,305	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	22,945	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	23,240	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	23,410	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45,255	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	42,460	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40,075	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	36,180	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,135	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	133,395	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	57,170	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	33,705	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	42,525	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	364,605	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,571	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,118	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	134,360	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,048	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,643	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	167,045	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,918	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,548	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	53,470	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,739	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,225	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	364,575	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,523	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,760	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	134,200	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,384	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,188	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	167,410	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,079	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,467	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	53,210	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,523	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,436	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	164,245	81,380	82,865	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,090	36,358	30,511	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,138	32,563	28,208	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	163,950	80,585	83,365	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,168	45,190	39,247	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,650	37,484	33,877	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,278,730	631,340	647,385	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	581,580	278,145	303,435	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	103,655	50,135	53,515	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	106,315	47,830	58,485	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	116,685	55,160	61,530	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	123,495	59,900	63,590	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	131,435	65,125	66,310	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	697,150	353,195	343,950	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	138,050	68,770	69,280	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	142,315	71,970	70,350	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	147,225	74,645	72,580	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	147,555	75,155	72,395	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	122,000	62,655	59,350	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,277,205	630,570	646,635	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	271,350	138,855	132,500	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	85,655	44,065	41,590	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	811,740	401,535	410,210	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	194,115	90,185	103,925	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	145,320	67,090	78,225	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	39,170	20,075	19,100	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	13,660	7,065	6,595	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	86,960	39,995	46,965	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	19,190	7,025	12,165	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	10.6	12.1	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	14.5	14.4	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	16.0	15.9	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.0	11.4	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	9.9	7.8	11.7	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	78,385	38,700	39,685	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	18,060	9,290	8,775	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	6,165	3,215	2,955	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	56,690	27,860	28,830	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	3,635	1,545	2,085	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	6.1	6.1	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	6.7	6.6	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.3	7.1	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.9	7.0	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.7	2.0	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,278,730	631,340	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	1,264,640	625,550	639,090	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	1,263,935	625,260	638,665	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	87,010	36,870	50,145	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	260,825	126,910	133,920	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	1,075	465	610	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	975	430	545	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	20	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	90	20	70
Plains Cree	10	0	10	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	45	25	25
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	0	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	10	25	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	10	25	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	925	415	505	955	425	530
Algonquin	20	0	10	10	10	0
Ojibway	895	405	485	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	75	30	45
Gwich'in	10	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	40	15	25	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	30	0	25	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	20	10	10	40	25	10
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	35	25	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	40	10	35	145	75	70
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	0	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	0	0	0	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	259,760	126,450	133,315	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	16,870	8,735	8,135	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	20	15	10	540	335	205
Kabyle	10	0	0	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	1,635	840	795	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	175	90	85	370	235	135
Oromo	85	50	45	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	1,275	645	630	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	50	55	20	40
Semitic languages	15,465	8,010	7,455	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	1,485	750	735	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	11,055	5,760	5,295	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	690	335	355	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	115	65	50	150	70	75
Harari	0	0	0	340	150	185
Hebrew	1,070	590	480	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	535	290	240	145	85	55
Tigrigna	1,380	655	720	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	115	60	55	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	25	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,475	4,000	4,470	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	860	360	500	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	7,670	3,665	4,005	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	7,895	2,910	4,980	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	0	0	0	330	150	180
Cebuano	340	85	255	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	0	0	0	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	150	55	95	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	305	75	230	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	0	0	0	80	40	40
Malay	635	280	355	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	20	30	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	10	10	10	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,040	2,575	4,470	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	15	0	15	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	805	410	395	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	350	170	170	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	450	235	210	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	4,230	2,235	2,000	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	320	170	145	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	1,110	565	550	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	2,530	1,325	1,205	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	570	330	240	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	500	235	260	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	186,235	91,060	95,175	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	1,265	700	565	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	1,085	530	555	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	36,970	17,630	19,350	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	865	405	460	1,360	660	705
Latvian	430	220	210	590	300	290
Lithuanian	430	185	250	775	360	415
Slavic languages	36,245	17,305	18,945	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	90	35	55	200	95	105
Bosnian	1,085	530	560	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	355	165	195	1,795	945	850
Croatian	4,510	2,235	2,280	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	1,730	840	885	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	845	405	435	535	270	265
Polish	12,215	5,730	6,490	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	6,110	2,830	3,275	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	7,645	3,920	3,730	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	790	375	415	1,095	550	540
Slovak	1,175	580	595	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	760	340	420	735	360	375
Ukrainian	2,465	1,030	1,435	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	300	140	165	250	120	130
Celtic languages	270	130	140	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	140	70	70	440	215	225
Welsh	70	25	55	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	20	450	220	225
Germanic languages	43,685	20,840	22,845	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	585	300	285	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	755	335	425	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	9,965	4,645	5,325	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	190	80	110	475	275	205
German	34,035	16,465	17,565	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	20	10	0	160	70	95
Norwegian	230	120	115	1,450	635	810
Swedish	450	205	245	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	135	60	75	380	170	215
Yiddish	30	15	25	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	400	215	185	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	3,375	1,665	1,705	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	36,750	18,940	17,810	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	29,215	15,190	14,020	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	1,715	950	760	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	4,895	2,505	2,390	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	10,115	5,300	4,810	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	20	10	10	125	80	45
Konkani	125	65	55	625	300	320
Marathi	365	190	175	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	700	365	335	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	35	10	25	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	11,015	5,770	5,250	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	495	225	270	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	805	400	405	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	8,155	4,280	3,880	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	8,140	4,055	4,080	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	910	455	455	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	1,390	715	675	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	6,215	3,080	3,130	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	390	170	220	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	67,265	32,725	34,535	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	25	25	0	170	95	80
Italian	16,000	8,285	7,715	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	20,175	10,065	10,115	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	7,970	3,815	4,165	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	25,240	11,545	13,695	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	35	250	130	125
Japanese	1,525	780	750	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	10	0	15	225	130	100
Georgian	15	0	15	230	130	100
Korean	3,425	1,615	1,805	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	20	15	10	800	375	430
Mongolian	20	15	0	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	2,305	1,220	1,090	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	265	145	115	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	10	0	0	60	30	30
Edo	45	30	15	620	325	290
Ewe	35	25	10	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	300	165	135
Ga	10	15	0	345	190	155
Ganda	25	0	25	610	305	305
Igbo	150	110	40	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	150	85	70	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	10	30	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	15	50	1,155	605	550
Shona	210	105	105	1,810	850	960
Swahili	760	385	370	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	10	10	0	600	365	235
Yoruba	425	240	185	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	400	200	195	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	440	200	235	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	10	0	10	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	430	195	230	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	2,065	765	1,300	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	1,155	395	765	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	930	380	555	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	22,510	11,110	11,400	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	22,065	10,880	11,180	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	5,975	2,910	3,070	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	195	90	105	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	16,100	7,865	8,230	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	10	0	0	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	660	325	340	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	225	120	100	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,130	590	545	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	485	250	230	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	185	85	100	605	305	295
Karenic languages	120	65	60	805	415	390
Tibetan	20	15	10	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	285	150	140	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	1,910	960	950	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	1,590	795	790	1,520	730	795
Thai	395	175	215	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25
Turkic languages	2,365	1,235	1,125	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	150	95	50	630	325	300
Turkish	1,725	920	805	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	10	0	10	290	135	155
Uzbek	455	220	235	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	105	45	60	355	170	180
Uralic languages	5,870	2,810	3,065	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	440	195	240	185	85	105
Finnish	785	320	465	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	4,655	2,295	2,360	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	215	105	110	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,220,120	602,845	617,275	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	265,080	135,935	129,145	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	955,040	466,910	488,130	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	58,610	28,500	30,115	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,278,735	631,340	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,038,695	514,830	523,865	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	227,015	109,615	117,405	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	86,255	41,590	44,670	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	29,685	14,635	15,055	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	40,515	19,635	20,875	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	47,915	22,935	24,980	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	24,650	11,930	12,720	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	23,265	11,005	12,265	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	22,645	10,815	11,830	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	13,020	6,900	6,120	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	227,015	109,615	117,400	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	28,080	14,125	13,955	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	47,240	24,300	22,935	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	52,115	23,725	28,390	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	85,435	41,190	44,240	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	14,145	6,260	7,885	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	227,015	109,615	117,405	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	33,275	15,170	18,105	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	1,065	460	600	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	2,220	980	1,240	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	2,570	1,195	1,370	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	3,465	1,530	1,930	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	95	55	40	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	3,905	1,860	2,045	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	2,225	1,070	1,155	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	495	235	260	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	1,800	885	915	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,665	3,545	5,120	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	6,785	3,350	3,435	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	111,940	54,420	57,520	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,565	1,830	1,735	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	2,865	1,425	1,445	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	815	425	385	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	9,870	4,685	5,180	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	1,275	635	640	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	1,970	995	975	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,420	685	735	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	6,940	3,790	3,155	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	6,405	3,175	3,230	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	8,345	3,885	4,460	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	11,370	5,590	5,780	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	6,290	2,970	3,315	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	1,860	835	1,025	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,475	1,745	1,730	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	1,800	815	985	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	33,515	16,055	17,465	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	10,155	4,880	5,270	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	11,380	5,750	5,630	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	90	50	40	1,340	715	625
Egypt	1,610	815	795	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	1,265	660	605	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	800	375	425	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	140	75	65	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	635	360	285	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	795	375	420	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	1,290	635	660	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	4,745	2,405	2,345	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	69,500	33,795	35,700	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	2,230	1,070	1,165	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	1,090	580	510	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	9,960	4,630	5,325	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,225	670	560	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	13,330	6,785	6,545	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,580	1,375	1,205	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	2,540	1,310	1,225	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	315	105	210	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,335	1,180	1,160	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	980	510	465	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	5,700	2,980	2,720	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	7,005	2,755	4,255	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	1,985	985	995	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,965	990	980	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	735	340	390	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	5,970	2,755	3,215	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	9,550	4,770	4,785	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	925	480	445	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	22,645	10,820	11,830	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	2,995	1,380	1,615	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	140	70	70	860	370	490
Colombia	345	120	230	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	165	65	95	465	215	255
Haiti	35	20	10	385	240	150
Jamaica	255	155	105	1,660	765	895
Mexico	340	180	165	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	915	375	540	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	85	40	45	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	710	355	360	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	3,395	1,665	1,730	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	105	60	40	425	240	180
Germany	200	95	110	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	115	65	50	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	20	715	365	350
Romania	315	130	185	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	195	70	125	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	210	95	115	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	820	465	350	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	1,400	670	730	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	2,265	1,120	1,150	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	10	10	0	255	115	135
Cameroon	10	10	10	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	15	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	420	210	210
Egypt	315	145	165	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	525	260	270	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	325	160	165	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	20	10	10	515	265	250
Nigeria	170	95	70	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	210	100	115	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	140	60	80	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	10	10	0	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	485	250	240	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	13,890	6,575	7,315	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	305	115	190	810	435	375
Bangladesh	210	95	115	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,130	975	1,150	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	30	10	20	750	305	450
India	2,770	1,480	1,295	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	630	330	295	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	925	525	400	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	110	70	40	480	250	230
Japan	60	20	45	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	210	85	125	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	105	45	65	1,470	755	710
Nepal	160	60	95	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	905	425	480	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	2,035	820	1,215	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	150	100	50	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	225	85	135	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,275	635	645	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	85	45	45	505	165	340
Turkey	100	65	35	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	75	30	45	810	430	375
Viet Nam	465	190	270	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	915	365	550	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	100	75	25	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	70	40	25	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	30	35	0	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	245,900	119,580	126,320	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	258,900	129,330	129,565	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	773,935	382,435	391,495	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	144,280	69,745	74,530	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	63,050	32,550	30,500	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	23,525	16,505	7,030	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	39,520	16,045	23,470	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	46,135	18,640	27,495	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	33,780	17,945	15,835	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,320	615	700	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	35,485	17,015	18,475	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	34,085	16,385	17,700	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	18,340	8,660	9,675	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	15,380	7,550	7,830	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	375	180	195	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	675	335	330	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	730	290	435	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,243,240	614,325	628,915	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,278,730	631,340	647,385	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	10,910	5,130	5,780	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,267,825	626,215	641,615	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,278,735	631,345	647,390	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,405	3,150	3,255	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,285	3,080	3,205	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,475	2,145	2,330	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	1,720	890	835	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	90	45	45	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	125	70	50	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	120	65	55	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	46,745	22,175	24,570	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	45,585	21,655	23,935	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30,390	14,385	16,005	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,550	6,950	7,595	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	645	315	335	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,160	520	635	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,045	470	575	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	45	40	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,225,580	606,020	619,560	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,278,730	631,345	647,385	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	166,375	82,960	83,415	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	42,565	22,315	20,250	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	24,865	12,085	12,780	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	27,165	13,950	13,215	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	10,380	4,350	6,020	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	15,065	7,300	7,765	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	9,085	4,730	4,350	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	13,275	6,465	6,810	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	7,085	3,550	3,540	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	3,895	1,925	1,975	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	1,685	750	930	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,195	2,525	2,675	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	6,125	3,020	3,100	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,112,360	548,380	563,970	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,278,730	631,340	647,390	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	53,150	25,325	27,825	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	36,115	17,115	19,000	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	855	415	440	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	17,470	8,390	9,080	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	393,565	194,175	199,395	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	1,625	755	875	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	15,135	7,460	7,675	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	381,555	188,380	193,175	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	2,355	1,180	1,180	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	225	105	120	190	115	70
Ontarian	210	100	115	110	65	45
Québécois	455	235	225	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	65	35	30	415	210	205
European origins	949,320	465,865	483,450	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	631,120	306,615	324,505	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	95	50	45	225	115	115
Cornish	70	35	35	210	90	115
English	370,000	178,770	191,235	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	264,805	124,920	139,885	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	335	150	185	945	450	495
Scottish	278,755	134,155	144,600	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	25,955	12,210	13,745	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	41,110	19,460	21,650	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	130,070	61,525	68,550	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	420	180	240	200	120	80
Breton	15	10	0	60	25	35
Corsican	35	20	15	125	65	70
French	129,680	61,360	68,325	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	283,300	139,025	144,275	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	9,695	4,935	4,760	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	35	30	10	110	60	55
Belgian	4,870	2,380	2,490	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	71,730	35,295	36,440	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	420	210	205	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	345	155	190	685	380	305
German	207,565	101,545	106,020	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	155	100	60	680	355	320
Swiss	14,635	7,180	7,450	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	80	55	25	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	27,955	13,540	14,410	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	6,595	3,150	3,440	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	6,730	3,385	3,340	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	1,295	605	695	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	6,855	3,335	3,520	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	6,640	3,090	3,550	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,665	905	765	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	135,345	65,810	69,530	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	960	455	505	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	665	310	355	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	5,180	2,615	2,565	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,640	735	905	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	1,515	715	800	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	18,230	9,160	9,070	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	1,895	945	950	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	2,920	1,465	1,455	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	225	85	135	1,585	790	790
Polish	53,545	25,970	27,570	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	13,150	6,200	6,955	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	15,030	7,205	7,820	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	4,045	2,065	1,985	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	35,280	16,920	18,355	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	415	200	215	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	155,400	78,965	76,435	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	1,515	830	685	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	1,670	830	835	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	10	10	10	85	55	25
Croatian	8,050	4,050	4,005	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	785	410	380	160	90	70
Greek	9,160	4,580	4,575	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	73,455	37,815	35,645	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	120	65	55	420	210	210
Macedonian	2,200	1,055	1,145	1,015	485	535
Maltese	3,635	1,830	1,805	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	265	135	130	290	185	105
Portuguese	37,425	19,170	18,260	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	9,030	4,620	4,410	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	395	210	185	330	160	170
Slovenian	3,050	1,540	1,505	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	12,625	5,840	6,780	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	2,740	1,290	1,450	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	85	45	40	245	120	125
Other European origins	5,565	2,780	2,790	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	145	65	80	425	210	215
Jewish	3,015	1,540	1,475	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	120	55	65	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	180	90	90	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	2,140	1,050	1,090	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	21,645	10,900	10,745	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	130	55	80	455	265	190
Bahamian	200	95	105	310	180	130
Barbadian	1,710	895	820	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	255	95	160	210	120	90
Carib	120	70	45	135	45	85
Cuban	1,095	505	590	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	475	295	185	930	530	395
Grenadian	370	170	195	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	275	130	140	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	11,625	5,885	5,740	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	110	55	55	95	65	30
Martinican	0	0	10	10	0	0
Montserratan	40	25	15	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	130	50	75	460	225	240
St. Lucian	255	145	105	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,160	1,575	1,585	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	390	185	200	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	2,385	1,145	1,245	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	565	320	250	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,520	11,825	12,690	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	725	350	375	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	60	40	15	105	30	70
Argentinian	890	430	465	1,385	705	680
Belizean	20	20	10	445	250	190
Bolivian	105	55	55	590	305	285
Brazilian	1,460	670	790	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	875	400	475	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	3,295	1,495	1,800	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	160	75	90	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	1,335	675	665	890	405	485
Guatemalan	1,025	515	515	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	4,425	2,165	2,255	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	510	255	260	1,785	905	885
Honduran	240	140	105	760	405	355
Maya	200	115	75	580	310	275
Mexican	3,585	1,735	1,860	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	720	375	340	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	160	85	75	320	150	170
Paraguayan	55	10	45	340	155	190
Peruvian	925	495	430	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	3,180	1,500	1,675	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	410	205	200	315	180	135
Venezuelan	565	250	320	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,150	545	600	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	20,860	10,620	10,235	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	2,635	1,495	1,150	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	25	10	15	130	80	50
Angolan	60	30	25	295	155	140
Ashanti	15	10	10	130	70	55
Beninese	25	15	15	200	90	105
Burkinabe	0	0	0	100	50	50
Cameroonian	85	25	60	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	0	10	0	75	55	20
Congolese	300	160	140	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	10	10	0	555	320	235
Ewe	0	0	0	125	70	55
Gabonese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gambian	20	15	0	110	60	50
Ghanaian	555	290	260	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	45	25	25	455	235	215
Ibo	75	30	45	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	10	10	0	655	355	295
Liberian	100	50	50	1,040	495	540
Malian	10	10	10	70	45	25
Malinké	0	0	0	95	55	45
Nigerian	1,080	630	450	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	10	0	10	105	70	35
Senegalese	10	0	0	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	50	30	25	740	395	345
Togolese	0	0	0	150	70	80
Wolof	0	0	0	70	45	25
Yoruba	230	135	95	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	175	95	80	1,865	985	875
North African origins	4,955	2,625	2,320	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	250	135	110	1,620	805	815
Berber	45	15	25	685	415	270
Coptic	90	40	45	225	115	110
Dinka	10	0	0	565	320	250
Egyptian	2,785	1,475	1,315	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	230	130	95	1,300	665	635
Maure	10	0	10	95	70	25
Moroccan	410	235	170	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	1,165	600	575	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	65	40	25	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	55	30	20	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	8,030	3,965	4,065	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	45	20	20	315	155	160
Amhara	65	40	25	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	35	20	15	700	395	310
Burundian	35	10	30	975	555	420
Djiboutian	10	0	10	170	90	75
Eritrean	1,725	870	850	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	1,750	835	910	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	0	0	0	165	85	80
Kenyan	295	160	135	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	0	0	0	125	55	70
Mauritian	110	65	45	550	310	235
Oromo	35	20	20	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	135	50	90	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	15	10	10	35	25	10
Somali	1,690	880	810	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	1,595	735	860	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	65	40	25	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	140	80	60	700	380	320
Ugandan	80	30	55	1,155	645	510
Zambian	20	10	10	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	270	110	160	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	10	0	10	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	395	190	205	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	5,765	2,790	2,975	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	750	320	435	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	5,040	2,490	2,555	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	129,380	64,200	65,175	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25,605	12,955	12,655	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	3,665	1,750	1,910	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,010	1,110	900	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	2,000	1,030	965	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	435	230	210	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	210	100	115	615	280	335
Georgian	105	35	70	400	230	165
Hazara	60	35	20	365	190	170
Iranian	4,010	2,075	1,935	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	2,230	1,150	1,080	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	550	280	270	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	515	265	255	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	80	30	50	565	260	310
Kurd	840	435	405	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	55	30	30	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	15	0	20	200	110	90
Lebanese	3,365	1,600	1,765	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	1,305	680	630	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	380	180	200	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	220	125	95	390	205	180
Syrian	2,145	1,085	1,060	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	220	110	110	265	160	105
Tatar	65	40	25	530	215	315
Turk	2,385	1,245	1,145	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	70	30	45	105	55	50
Uighur	10	0	10	270	125	140
Uzbek	345	150	190	485	225	260
Yemeni	55	25	25	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	845	430	410	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	44,600	23,150	21,450	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	920	505	420	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	455	245	210	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	240	125	110	815	410	400
East Indian	31,155	16,110	15,050	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	185	100	85	495	265	225
Gujarati	325	165	160	855	445	410
Kashmiri	55	30	30	720	355	365
Nepali	645	345	300	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	6,435	3,445	2,990	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	2,590	1,365	1,225	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	385	185	205	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	2,130	1,065	1,065	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	555	270	280	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,930	1,000	930	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	60,385	28,690	31,695	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	760	385	380	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,215	560	655	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	30,590	14,965	15,630	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	11,455	4,885	6,570	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	555	280	270	0	0	0
Indonesian	720	320	400	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	2,375	1,065	1,315	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	85	50	40	740	390	345
Korean	4,070	2,025	2,045	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	2,355	1,200	1,150	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	385	200	185	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	140	60	75	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	45	25	20	370	180	190
Taiwanese	540	260	280	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	730	355	375	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	35	20	10	965	500	465
Vietnamese	9,605	4,695	4,905	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	245	110	135	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	615	305	315	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	620	305	315	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	2,100	1,100	995	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	1,360	705	655	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	480	275	205	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	265	125	135	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	90	40	50	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	65	30	35	425	190	235
Maori	20	10	15	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	30	15	10	205	105	95
Samoan	45	25	20	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	10	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	364,900	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	129,530	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	135	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	494,570	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	45,400	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	449,165	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	1,170	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	43,620	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	98,580	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	210,720	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	140,485	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	92,930	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	69,990	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	81,625	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	75,315	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	174,710	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	494,570	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	489,285	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	5,285	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	494,570	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	476,275	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	18,295	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	98,295	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	128,550	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	71,810	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	74,660	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	47,980	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	39,750	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	33,525	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	494,570	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	468,620	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	25,945	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	267,955	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	214,100	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	12,510	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	494,565	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	13,870	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	68,255	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	86,110	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	107,185	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	98,805	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	69,140	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	37,605	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	13,595	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	488,655	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	370,195	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	118,460	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	104,330	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	359,945	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	64.1	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	17.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,360	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,414	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	375,567	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	418,737	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	129,250	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.5	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	44.0	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,012	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,072	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,054,095	516,380	537,720	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	197,875	101,795	96,070	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	312,895	155,205	157,690	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	543,330	259,375	283,955	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	73,725	53,915	19,810	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	33,390	20,825	12,570	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,330	33,090	7,240	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	238,320	101,475	136,845	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,210	8,460	9,750	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	213,085	95,530	117,550	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	145,665	62,320	83,345	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,840	5,820	8,020	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,275	3,025	2,250	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	39,395	18,560	20,840	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,905	5,805	3,100	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	691,850	338,850	353,005	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	80,370	44,745	35,630	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	190,660	97,195	93,470	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420,825	196,915	223,910	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	51,525	37,800	13,730	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	23,345	14,595	8,745	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	28,180	23,205	4,980	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	187,210	80,120	107,090	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,530	5,960	6,570	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	169,555	73,030	96,520	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	114,780	47,875	66,900	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,820	4,195	6,630	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	4,165	2,110	2,050	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	32,885	14,595	18,280	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	6,910	4,255	2,660	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	510,760	257,000	253,765	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	31,900	7,470	24,430	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	31,900	7,470	24,435	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20,115	8,490	11,625	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,425	2,505	920	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	16,690	5,985	10,710	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	30,200	11,400	18,795	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,205	465	1,740	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	8,030	2,175	5,855	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,890	2,310	4,580	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	195	70	130	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,365	1,255	1,110	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,645	2,155	1,495	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	5,405	2,770	2,635	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	1,450	195	1,255	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65,545	19,370	46,170	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	795	185	605	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	6,015	2,275	3,745	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,315	1,030	13,280	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	8,770	2,285	6,490	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,485	275	1,210	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	11,770	2,865	8,900	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	22,400	10,455	11,945	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	101,370	38,140	63,230	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	40	210	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,540	1,660	7,885	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	91,585	36,450	55,140	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,955	10,165	10,790	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,650	3,965	5,685	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,485	2,105	2,375	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	305	75	230	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	5,590	3,695	1,900	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	925	315	605	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,695	14,045	7,655	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,260	10,555	4,700	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	1,200	195	1,010	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,675	2,895	1,785	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	555	395	160	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	117,395	107,890	9,510	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	3,925	2,535	1,395	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	22,080	18,280	3,795	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25,760	23,220	2,540	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	22,265	21,760	500	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25,785	25,205	585	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	17,575	16,890	695	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,100	8,085	5,020	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	8,390	5,195	3,190	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,715	2,885	1,830	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	82,200	14,470	67,735	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	8,865	4,055	4,810	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	72,040	9,620	62,420	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,295	795	505	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	38,355	19,815	18,545	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	18,945	4,765	14,185	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	85	75	15	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	210	50	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	12,935	9,165	3,775	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,135	5,605	525	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	495	50	445	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	500	45	450	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	691,850	338,845	353,005	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	271,030	141,935	129,095	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	22,825	5,040	17,785	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	22,825	5,035	17,785	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15,535	6,360	9,175	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,440	1,780	655	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	13,095	4,580	8,520	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	22,065	8,050	14,010	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,640	265	1,375	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	6,060	1,580	4,480	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	5,005	1,700	3,310	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	145	45	95	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,695	925	775	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,420	1,415	1,005	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	4,065	2,040	2,030	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	1,030	85	940	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	52,035	14,480	37,555	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	625	145	475	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,020	1,875	3,145	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	11,335	700	10,630	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	7,460	1,640	5,820	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,155	205	950	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	8,960	1,975	6,985	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	17,480	7,930	9,550	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	80,590	29,470	51,115	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	210	30	175	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,895	1,270	6,625	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	72,480	28,165	44,315	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	16,065	7,530	8,535	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	7,495	2,980	4,520	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,355	1,550	1,805	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	265	55	210	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	4,255	2,710	1,540	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	695	230	460	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,505	12,035	6,470	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	13,560	9,375	4,185	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	885	120	770	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,575	2,195	1,375	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	485	345	140	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	89,380	81,240	8,140	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	3,220	2,005	1,215	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	17,590	14,265	3,320	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	19,910	17,790	2,115	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	16,425	15,990	435	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	19,245	18,765	475	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	12,985	12,425	565	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,105	5,935	4,170	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,355	3,710	2,650	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,745	2,225	1,520	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	62,960	10,950	52,005	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,870	3,050	3,820	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	55,090	7,365	47,730	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	995	535	465	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,380	15,765	14,610	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	14,475	3,535	10,945	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	65	50	15	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	150	120	30	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	10,680	7,465	3,215	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,000	4,595	415	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	375	45	335	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	375	50	330	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510,765	257,000	253,765	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	543,330	259,380	283,955	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	471,490	222,460	249,030	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	444,185	209,420	234,770	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	27,305	13,040	14,260	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	71,840	36,920	34,925	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,935	6,320	5,615	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	3,480	1,030	2,450	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	6,640	3,475	3,170	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	10,265	6,195	4,065	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,280	2,035	2,245	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	435	230	205	2,150	1,275	875
Other	34,800	17,625	17,170	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	691,855	338,845	353,005	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	271,035	141,935	129,100	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	420,820	196,910	223,910	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	368,825	171,775	197,050	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	347,940	161,735	186,200	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	20,890	10,035	10,850	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	51,990	25,135	26,860	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	8,915	4,450	4,460	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	3,090	900	2,195	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	5,380	2,675	2,710	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,985	2,860	2,120	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	3,605	1,695	1,910	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	295	150	145	1,870	1,105	765
Other	25,720	12,410	13,310	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	715,000	373,965	341,040	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	669,715	350,850	318,865	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	45,285	23,110	22,175	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	339,095	142,410	196,680	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	67.8	72.4	63.4	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	63.5	67.9	59.3	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.2	6.5	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	313,585	130,465	183,115	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	740,515	385,915	354,605	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	405,195	232,865	172,335	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	335,315	153,050	182,265	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.2	42.8	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	715,000	373,965	341,040	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,560	6,010	6,550	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	702,445	367,955	334,490	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	621,560	318,465	303,090	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	80,885	49,490	31,395	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	715,000	373,965	341,040	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,560	6,010	6,545	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	702,445	367,955	334,485	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	77,970	48,190	29,780	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	98,950	27,345	71,600	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	46,205	36,265	9,940	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	41,835	6,835	35,005	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	79,785	26,255	53,530	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	18,050	7,730	10,315	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	159,565	63,605	95,960	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	111,660	104,260	7,400	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	14,480	10,595	3,885	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	53,940	36,870	17,070	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	715,000	373,960	341,040	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,555	6,010	6,550	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	702,440	367,950	334,490	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	13,335	8,165	5,170	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,420	1,225	200	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	3,985	3,125	855	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	56,505	49,890	6,615	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	101,390	72,750	28,640	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	28,915	20,015	8,905	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	79,825	36,455	43,370	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30,180	21,985	8,200	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	15,160	8,405	6,750	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	30,190	11,150	19,040	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	12,290	6,245	6,050	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45,145	24,315	20,825	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	965	460	505	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	32,045	18,055	13,995	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	55,915	17,550	38,365	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	70,850	10,360	60,490	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15,010	7,610	7,400	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	47,095	17,665	29,440	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	28,150	13,685	14,465	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	34,060	18,855	15,200	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	669,715	350,855	318,865	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	50,500	24,240	26,260	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	2,275	1,535	745	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	75,095	56,230	18,860	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	541,850	268,850	272,995	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	541,850	268,850	272,995	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	243,800	108,520	135,280	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	167,395	83,110	84,285	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	129,095	76,305	52,790	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	1,560	920	640	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	616,945	325,085	291,860	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	509,305	275,185	234,115	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	41,670	19,225	22,445	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	27,130	11,695	15,435	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	27,710	12,210	15,500	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	5,620	4,100	1,520	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	5,505	2,665	2,840	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	616,945	325,080	291,860	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	189,115	86,755	102,365	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	213,840	106,340	107,500	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	96,960	54,950	42,005	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	47,575	29,385	18,190	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	69,455	47,655	21,795	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	616,945	325,080	291,860	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,025	40,870	15,150	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	112,880	73,055	39,830	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	148,975	75,585	73,390	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	128,675	51,255	77,415	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	61,595	24,750	36,850	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	108,800	59,575	49,225	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	761,890	396,075	365,820	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	757,210	394,010	363,200	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	751,080	390,800	360,280	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	748,070	390,090	357,975	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	3,015	710	2,305	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	6,125	3,205	2,925	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	0	10	10	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,125	3,205	2,920	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	140	65	940	575	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somali	0	0	10	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	200	140	60	840	530	305
Amharic	0	0	0	85	50	35
Arabic	145	110	40	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	25	0	50	15	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	225	95	125	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	15	10	0
Vietnamese	215	90	120	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	30	15	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	10	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	0	20	55	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	20	0	20	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,225	2,225	2,000	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	20	15	0	30	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	135	200	690	335	355
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	335	140	195	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Polish	125	50	75	220	135	85
Russian	105	35	75	275	120	160
Serbian	55	30	25	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	25	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,700	1,375	1,320	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	295	145	145	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	2,360	1,215	1,150	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	165	135	30
Greek	10	10	0	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	185	195	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	310	155	155	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	10	0	10	25	10	15
Gujarati	30	10	20	75	15	60
Hindi	20	10	15	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	10	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	110	65	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	60	15	40	155	50	100
Iranian languages	70	30	35	200	130	70
Kurdish	15	10	0	15	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	20	30	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	780	500	280	1,780	920	860
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	40	25	30	10	15
Portuguese	375	260	115	140	70	70
Romanian	35	25	10	50	30	20
Spanish	300	180	115	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	40	0	35	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	210	105	100	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	115	35	80	230	120	115
American Sign Language	85	30	50	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	0	30	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	935	500	440	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	935	495	435	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	220	125	100	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	645	335	315	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	45	20	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	45	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	25	20	125	60	65
Lao	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	65	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	10	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	30	15	20	70	45	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	10	10	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	4,680	2,065	2,610	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	1,835	605	1,230	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	2,770	1,425	1,340	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	70	35	45	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	761,890	396,075	365,815	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	735,385	383,495	351,885	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	4,765	1,995	2,770	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	9,710	4,020	5,690	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	11,605	6,390	5,225	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	155	70	90	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	11,455	6,320	5,135	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	10	0	10	30	15	15
English and non-official language	65	25	40	215	105	110
French and non-official language	345	145	195	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,264,850	624,605	640,250	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	1,096,245	541,480	554,760	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	168,610	83,115	85,490	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	83,100	40,950	42,150	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	85,510	42,170	43,340	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	75,595	37,300	38,295	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	69,675	34,315	35,360	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	5,920	2,985	2,935	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	9,915	4,870	5,045	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,207,600	595,310	612,290	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	739,030	364,795	374,235	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	468,570	230,510	238,060	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	222,360	109,295	113,060	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	246,210	121,220	124,995	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	215,390	105,905	109,490	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	200,575	98,475	102,100	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	14,815	7,425	7,385	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	30,820	15,315	15,505	203,025	99,980	103,045