Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Bridgewater, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bradford West Gwillimbury, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Bridgewater, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Bridgewater, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	35,325	...	...	8,532	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	28,077	...	...	8,241	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	25.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,918	...	...	4,299	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11,591	...	...	4,077	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	175.7	...	...	625.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	201.04	...	...	13.63	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	35,325	17,440	17,885	8,535	3,900	4,630
0 to 14 years	7,230	3,645	3,585	1,120	580	540
0 to 4 years	2,565	1,310	1,260	340	180	160
5 to 9 years	2,530	1,265	1,270	380	190	190
10 to 14 years	2,130	1,075	1,055	400	205	195
15 to 64 years	24,045	11,960	12,080	5,115	2,410	2,700
15 to 19 years	2,130	1,095	1,035	450	215	230
20 to 24 years	2,070	1,080	990	425	210	215
25 to 29 years	2,295	1,120	1,175	460	225	240
30 to 34 years	2,760	1,335	1,420	465	220	245
35 to 39 years	2,725	1,350	1,375	430	190	240
40 to 44 years	2,600	1,295	1,310	475	235	240
45 to 49 years	2,530	1,290	1,240	540	250	295
50 to 54 years	2,710	1,310	1,395	625	290	335
55 to 59 years	2,345	1,175	1,170	635	305	330
60 to 64 years	1,885	915	970	610	270	340
65 years and over	4,055	1,835	2,215	2,300	915	1,385
65 to 69 years	1,485	730	760	625	265	360
70 to 74 years	1,030	480	545	505	200	300
75 to 79 years	615	300	320	435	190	240
80 to 84 years	450	175	270	350	125	225
85 years and over	470	155	320	390	130	260
85 to 89 years	295	105	195	220	75	140
90 to 94 years	130	40	85	130	45	90
95 to 99 years	40	10	35	40	10	25
100 years and over	5	0	10	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.5	20.9	20.0	13.1	14.9	11.7
15 to 64 years	68.1	68.6	67.5	59.9	61.8	58.3
65 years and over	11.5	10.5	12.4	26.9	23.5	29.9
85 years and over	1.3	0.9	1.8	4.6	3.3	5.6
Average age of the population	37.3	36.6	37.9	46.8	44.6	48.6
Median age of the population	37.1	36.6	37.6	49.2	46.6	51.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
Single-detached house	8,630	...	...	2,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	290	...	...	70	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,665	...	...	1,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	785	...	...	215	...	...
Row house	570	...	...	85	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	795	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	490	...	...	1,090	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
1 person	1,735	...	...	1,485	...	...
2 persons	3,295	...	...	1,630	...	...
3 persons	2,275	...	...	510	...	...
4 persons	2,580	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,965	...	...	8,265	...	...
Average household size	3.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	28,095	13,795	14,300	7,415	3,325	4,090
Married or living common law	17,770	8,885	8,885	4,080	2,040	2,045
Married	15,490	7,750	7,740	3,175	1,580	1,595
Living common law	2,280	1,140	1,145	910	460	450
Not married and not living common law	10,325	4,905	5,415	3,330	1,285	2,045
Never married	6,950	3,830	3,125	1,730	860	865
Separated	745	300	450	275	105	175
Divorced	1,375	550	830	590	210	385
Widowed	1,250	235	1,015	730	115	620
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,140	...	...	2,480	...	...
2 persons	4,005	...	...	1,595	...	...
3 persons	2,430	...	...	485	...	...
4 persons	2,645	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	1,060	...	...	115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,140	...	...	2,480	...	...
Total couple families	8,745	...	...	1,995	...	...
Married couples	7,605	...	...	1,545	...	...
Common-law couples	1,140	...	...	455	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,400	...	...	485	...	...
Female parent	1,105	...	...	405	...	...
Male parent	290	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,745	...	...	2,000	...	...
Couples without children	3,200	...	...	1,270	...	...
Couples with children	5,540	...	...	725	...	...
1 child	1,985	...	...	365	...	...
2 children	2,520	...	...	260	...	...
3 or more children	1,035	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,395	...	...	480	...	...
1 child	800	...	...	320	...	...
2 children	445	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,495	1,660	1,835	1,895	745	1,150
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
One-census-family households	9,020	...	...	2,430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,735	...	...	1,255	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,285	...	...	1,175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	545	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,025	...	...	1,625	...	...
One-person households	1,735	...	...	1,490	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	290	...	...	135	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	34,990	17,325	17,665	8,325	3,855	4,475
English only	32,415	16,265	16,155	7,670	3,580	4,090
French only	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	1,735	735	1,005	650	270	380
Neither English nor French	815	315	500	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	34,990	17,325	17,665	8,325	3,855	4,475
English	33,630	16,745	16,885	8,200	3,790	4,410
French	395	185	210	105	55	50
English and French	160	85	80	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	805	315	495	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	475	225	250	115	60	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.6	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	34,990	17,325	17,665	8,330	3,855	4,475
Single responses	34,005	16,845	17,155	8,290	3,835	4,455
Official languages	24,085	11,925	12,160	8,075	3,715	4,355
English	23,700	11,745	11,955	7,955	3,665	4,295
French	385	185	205	115	55	60
Non-official languages	9,915	4,915	5,000	215	115	100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,915	4,920	5,000	215	115	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	500	255	245	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	495	250	245	10	5	5
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	180	100	90	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	180	80	95	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	435	200	235	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Vietnamese	325	150	175	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	275	110	165	0	5	0
Bikol	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	230	95	135	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	415	205	215	5	5	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	5	0	0
Tamil	390	185	200	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,370	3,715	3,650	145	75	65
Albanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,315	635	680	15	10	10
Baltic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,290	625	665	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	5	0	0
Macedonian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Polish	295	140	155	0	0	0
Russian	620	290	325	5	0	5
Serbian	50	30	20	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	75	45	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	55	70	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	190	210	60	30	25
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	135	70	70	10	5	5
Frisian	10	5	0	0	0	0
German	230	105	125	45	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	45	60	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,155	575	580	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	830	415	415	25	20	5
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	95	50	45	5	0	5
Hindi	55	25	25	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	130	125	5	5	5
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	370	185	185	5	0	0
Iranian languages	320	155	160	5	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	295	150	150	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,305	2,230	2,080	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,165	615	545	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,145	1,110	1,030	15	5	10
Romanian	125	65	60	5	0	5
Spanish	880	435	440	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	430	200	230	15	10	5
Chinese languages	425	195	225	15	10	10
Cantonese	150	65	80	5	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	245	115	130	10	0	5
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	115	50	65	5	0	0
Lao	110	50	55	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	10	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	210	95	115	5	0	0
Estonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	20	5	0	5
Hungarian	160	75	85	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	985	475	510	40	20	15
English and French	90	35	55	20	5	10
English and non-official language	855	425	435	15	5	5
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	34,985	17,325	17,660	8,330	3,850	4,475
Single responses	32,725	16,190	16,535	8,255	3,810	4,440
Official languages	28,080	13,950	14,125	8,180	3,780	4,400
English	27,960	13,900	14,060	8,150	3,760	4,385
French	115	50	65	30	15	15
Non-official languages	4,645	2,235	2,410	75	35	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,645	2,235	2,410	75	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	125	130	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	255	125	135	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	40	50	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	50	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	290	135	155	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	110	130	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	330	150	175	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,200	1,555	1,645	45	20	20
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	675	325	355	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	665	320	345	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	110	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	440	215	225	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	20	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	10	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	700	340	355	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	525	260	260	10	5	5
Bengali	20	10	15	5	5	0
Gujarati	65	35	30	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	10	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	85	80	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	230	115	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	175	80	95	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	75	85	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,740	850	890	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	145	155	0	0	0
Portuguese	965	465	500	10	5	5
Romanian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	405	210	200	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	130	155	10	5	5
Chinese languages	280	130	150	10	5	5
Cantonese	95	40	60	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	180	90	90	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Lao	50	20	30	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,265	1,135	1,130	70	35	35
English and French	55	25	30	15	5	10
English and non-official language	2,170	1,095	1,080	50	25	25
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	34,990	17,325	17,665	8,330	3,855	4,475
None	29,295	14,530	14,765	8,055	3,720	4,330
English	2,060	1,030	1,030	55	30	25
French	260	105	160	115	50	65
Non-official language	3,285	1,630	1,655	95	50	45
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,280	1,630	1,655	90	50	45
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	27,740	13,670	14,065	7,150	3,245	3,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,585	13,130	13,450	6,925	3,150	3,780
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,504	45,820	29,745	27,160	34,148	23,076
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,590	13,135	13,460	6,925	3,145	3,780
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,915	40,149	27,363	25,149	30,539	22,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,290	12,390	11,900	5,900	2,760	3,135
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,828	45,381	27,210	24,847	31,994	19,248
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,280	7,940	10,340	5,410	2,250	3,160
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,360	1,435	4,647	8,988	9,102	8,940
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,520	11,210	10,310	4,440	2,185	2,255
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,528	46,316	29,666	24,151	28,688	21,339
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	27,735	13,675	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,680	13,155	13,525	6,895	3,120	3,770
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,708	54,434	37,220	35,025	41,594	29,593
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,690	13,155	13,535	6,900	3,120	3,780
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,180	44,463	32,071	29,978	34,940	25,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,310	12,405	11,900	5,800	2,720	3,080
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,050	53,818	35,910	32,889	39,694	26,877
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,310	8,090	10,220	5,410	2,230	3,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,800	5,991	7,441	9,348	9,751	9,066
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,520	11,250	10,270	4,435	2,165	2,270
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,400	53,237	36,813	32,255	38,212	26,565
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	27,735	13,675	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,000	6,400	4,600	1,900	1,005	895
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,724	61,146	50,024	43,824	51,308	36,747
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,979	67,646	54,099	49,086	55,292	42,124
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.8	93.4	84.7	79.6	84.2	74.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	80.1	83.4	75.3	60.0	63.8	55.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.2	6.6	15.4	20.4	15.8	25.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	27,740	13,675	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
Without total income	1,155	540	615	225	95	130
With total income	26,585	13,130	13,450	6,925	3,145	3,780
Percentage with total income	95.8	96.0	95.6	96.8	96.9	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,670	1,460	2,205	940	355	585
$10,000 to $19,999	4,135	1,610	2,520	1,505	510	1,000
$20,000 to $29,999	3,560	1,515	2,045	1,315	525	780
$30,000 to $39,999	2,945	1,310	1,635	930	420	515
$40,000 to $49,999	2,665	1,190	1,470	710	360	350
$50,000 to $59,999	2,235	1,155	1,080	500	310	190
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	1,130	715	350	225	125
$70,000 to $79,999	1,455	985	475	235	155	75
$80,000 to $89,999	1,135	735	395	150	85	65
$90,000 to $99,999	915	560	350	95	60	35
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,475	550	200	140	60
$100,000 to $149,999	1,560	1,115	450	140	100	45
$150,000 and over	460	360	105	60	45	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	27,735	13,670	14,060	7,150	3,245	3,905
Without after-tax income	1,145	540	605	225	100	125
With after-tax income	26,590	13,135	13,455	6,925	3,145	3,780
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.1	95.7	96.9	96.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,755	1,500	2,260	990	360	625
$10,000 to $19,999	4,375	1,710	2,665	1,580	545	1,040
$20,000 to $29,999	4,100	1,750	2,355	1,510	635	870
$30,000 to $39,999	3,585	1,595	1,990	1,110	510	605
$40,000 to $49,999	3,170	1,595	1,575	740	445	290
$50,000 to $59,999	2,545	1,570	975	435	290	145
$60,000 to $69,999	1,755	1,180	575	265	160	105
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	820	500	130	85	45
$80,000 and over	1,975	1,415	560	170	125	50
$80,000 to $89,999	800	545	255	50	40	15
$90,000 to $99,999	440	310	125	40	25	15
$100,000 and over	735	560	175	85	60	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	27,740	13,675	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
Without employment income	6,220	2,460	3,755	2,715	1,060	1,650
With employment income	21,520	11,215	10,305	4,440	2,185	2,255
Percentage with employment income	77.6	82.0	73.3	62.1	67.3	57.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,325	1,065	1,260	795	385	410
$5,000 to $9,999	1,705	685	1,020	460	205	255
$10,000 to $19,999	2,785	1,190	1,595	680	280	405
$20,000 to $29,999	2,310	1,010	1,300	605	260	345
$30,000 to $39,999	2,210	1,020	1,190	510	230	285
$40,000 to $49,999	2,095	1,000	1,095	370	190	185
$50,000 to $59,999	1,820	1,020	800	300	185	115
$60,000 to $69,999	1,545	955	590	215	135	80
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	835	405	165	100	65
$80,000 and over	3,475	2,430	1,045	335	225	110
$80,000 to $89,999	970	645	330	120	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	830	505	330	80	50	30
$100,000 and over	1,675	1,285	390	140	110	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,254	...	...	46,836	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,044	...	...	42,473	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,735	...	...	1,490	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,600	...	...	25,626	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,709	...	...	24,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,855	...	...	2,590	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,014	...	...	63,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,681	...	...	56,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	105,218	...	...	59,207	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,917	...	...	50,710	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,745	...	...	1,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,951	...	...	33,189	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,022	...	...	29,062	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,845	...	...	2,595	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,390	...	...	74,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,424	...	...	63,056	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	11,595	...	...	4,075	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	170	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	320	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	290	...	...	330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	255	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	315	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	360	...	...	265	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	350	...	...	215	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	765	...	...	350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	790	...	...	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	790	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	780	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,275	...	...	600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,715	...	...	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,275	...	...	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,430	...	...	115	...	...
$200,000 and over	855	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	70	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	175	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	330	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	325	...	...	355	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	275	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	445	...	...	285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	450	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	990	...	...	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	985	...	...	340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	...	...	240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	915	...	...	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	910	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,975	...	...	355	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,750	...	...	205	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,035	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,190	...	...	65	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,690	...	...	2,490	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,929	...	...	63,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,829	...	...	56,576	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,635	...	...	1,240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,450	...	...	61,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,021	...	...	55,211	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,585	...	...	730	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,559	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,163	...	...	79,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,185	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,640	...	...	38,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,496	...	...	36,992	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,650	...	...	2,480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,249	...	...	74,198	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,461	...	...	63,071	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,650	...	...	1,245	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,928	...	...	71,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,088	...	...	60,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,605	...	...	725	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,226	...	...	97,250	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,642	...	...	81,371	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,160	...	...	475	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,890	...	...	47,489	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,347	...	...	42,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,530	1,305	1,225	1,790	705	1,075
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,504	43,840	32,320	24,880	26,048	23,792
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,237	37,717	29,280	23,520	24,128	23,002
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,555	1,295	1,265	1,770	685	1,085
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,850	50,385	41,202	32,272	30,876	33,154
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,319	41,033	35,537	28,311	26,980	29,152
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	34,965	17,315	17,650	8,265	3,815	4,445
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,635	7,080	7,555	5,570	2,485	3,085
In the bottom decile	1,945	915	1,035	1,145	510	630
In the second decile	2,545	1,180	1,360	1,410	585	825
In the third decile	3,165	1,530	1,635	1,135	505	625
In the fourth decile	3,405	1,665	1,740	995	470	530
In the fifth decile	3,575	1,790	1,785	890	410	475
In the top half of the distribution	20,325	10,235	10,090	2,700	1,335	1,360
In the sixth decile	4,155	2,055	2,100	785	395	395
In the seventh decile	4,125	2,075	2,055	770	380	390
In the eighth decile	4,440	2,220	2,215	560	275	285
In the ninth decile	4,635	2,370	2,265	315	155	160
In the top decile	2,975	1,520	1,460	265	135	135
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	34,960	17,320	17,650	8,265	3,820	4,445
0 to 17 years	8,485	4,285	4,205	1,370	690	685
0 to 5 years	3,075	1,570	1,510	415	215	195
18 to 64 years	22,710	11,280	11,430	4,770	2,250	2,520
65 years and over	3,765	1,755	2,015	2,120	875	1,250
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,095	1,440	1,660	1,850	770	1,075
0 to 17 years	1,045	530	515	420	215	205
0 to 5 years	370	200	170	165	75	90
18 to 64 years	1,700	780	925	995	420	575
65 years and over	350	130	220	435	135	300
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.3	9.4	22.4	20.2	24.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.3	12.4	12.2	30.7	31.2	29.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	12.7	11.3	39.8	34.9	46.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	6.9	8.1	20.9	18.7	22.8
65 years and over (%)	9.3	7.4	10.9	20.5	15.4	24.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,160	575	585	785	360	425
0 to 17 years	330	180	150	200	110	90
0 to 5 years	125	75	50	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	760	365	395	555	245	310
65 years and over	75	30	40	35	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.3	9.5	9.4	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.6	14.6	15.9	13.1
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	4.8	3.3	14.5	14.0	15.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.5	11.6	10.9	12.3
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.7	2.0	1.7	1.1	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	34,965	17,320	17,650	8,265	3,815	4,445
Official languages	34,145	16,985	17,165	8,260	3,815	4,445
English	34,120	16,965	17,150	8,265	3,810	4,450
French	1,760	785	975	640	230	405
Non-official languages	12,305	6,045	6,260	330	165	160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,305	6,045	6,260	325	165	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	735	370	360	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	735	375	360	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	400	215	185	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	210	100	110	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	55	35	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	80	75	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	620	280	340	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	250	100	145	0	0	0
Vietnamese	370	175	195	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	130	200	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	325	130	195	15	15	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	490	220	270	25	25	0
Kannada	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	25	0
Tamil	455	195	255	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,315	4,645	4,670	220	105	115
Albanian	75	45	25	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,425	690	730	15	10	10
Baltic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,400	685	715	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Polish	295	160	140	0	10	0
Russian	755	375	375	15	0	10
Serbian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	60	35	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	70	110	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	520	260	260	85	35	50
Afrikaans	0	10	0	15	0	15
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	155	85	70	15	0	15
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	340	165	185	60	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	70	105	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,360	660	705	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	1,045	505	540	45	25	20
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	195	100	95	15	10	10
Hindi	270	125	145	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	365	185	180	20	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Urdu	500	240	260	10	10	0
Iranian languages	340	170	170	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	45	15	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	305	155	145	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,805	2,930	2,880	70	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,800	925	880	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,620	1,340	1,280	15	10	0
Romanian	180	90	85	0	0	0
Spanish	1,450	690	760	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	10	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	20	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	45	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	20	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	10	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	460	220	240	15	0	10
Chinese languages	460	220	235	15	0	10
Cantonese	215	110	105	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	265	125	145	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Lao	145	70	75	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	275	135	135	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	110	115	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	34,965	17,315	17,645	8,265	3,820	4,450
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	32,880	16,305	16,575	8,015	3,680	4,340
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,105	4,110	3,995	1,380	710	670
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,770	12,195	12,580	6,635	2,975	3,665
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,080	1,010	1,070	250	135	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	34,965	17,315	17,645	8,265	3,820	4,445
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	25,180	12,570	12,615	7,760	3,560	4,205
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,625	4,665	4,960	430	205	225
Before 1981	3,070	1,480	1,590	250	140	105
1981 to 1990	1,560	785	780	15	10	10
1991 to 2000	2,030	985	1,045	25	10	20
2001 to 2010	2,005	955	1,050	80	25	60
2001 to 2005	1,110	560	545	40	10	25
2006 to 2010	895	390	505	50	20	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	960	465	495	55	20	35
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	160	80	80	75	55	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,625	4,665	4,960	430	200	225
Under 5 years	945	470	470	120	55	60
5 to 14 years	2,020	995	1,020	75	35	45
15 to 24 years	2,625	1,230	1,395	65	35	35
25 to 44 years	3,385	1,690	1,700	140	75	70
45 years and over	645	275	375	20	10	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,620	4,665	4,960	430	205	225
Americas	1,595	750	850	105	45	60
Brazil	100	50	50	0	0	0
Colombia	75	35	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	135	60	70	0	0	0
Guyana	190	70	115	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	160	75	90	0	0	0
Mexico	110	45	60	10	10	0
Peru	50	20	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	140	80	55	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	210	105	105	75	35	45
Other places of birth in Americas	430	205	220	15	10	15
Europe	4,635	2,280	2,355	210	110	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	10	0
Germany	155	55	100	15	10	0
Greece	65	25	35	0	10	0
Hungary	110	40	75	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	0	10	10	0
Italy	775	405	370	0	0	0
Netherlands	125	65	65	15	10	10
Poland	230	120	110	0	0	0
Portugal	1,570	800	780	10	10	0
Romania	160	80	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	195	90	105	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	230	95	135	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	540	240	295	150	70	80
Other places of birth in Europe	370	215	150	10	10	0
Africa	235	110	120	20	10	10
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	125	65	65	10	0	0
Asia	3,135	1,520	1,620	85	30	55
Afghanistan	115	60	50	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	250	115	140	30	0	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	15	15	0	0	0
India	415	205	205	25	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	145	80	70	0	0	0
Iraq	225	115	110	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	20	15	15	10	10
Lebanon	75	40	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	270	140	125	0	0	0
Philippines	325	150	175	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	285	135	155	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	295	140	160	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	630	295	340	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	960	465	495	55	20	35
Americas	165	75	90	15	0	10
Brazil	35	20	20	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	40	50	0	0	0
Europe	205	110	95	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	120	65	55	0	0	0
Africa	30	0	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	20	0	0	0
Asia	565	275	285	40	15	25
Afghanistan	40	25	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	45	40	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	35	25	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	60	30	25	0	0	0
Philippines	125	65	55	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	15	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	34,965	17,315	17,645	8,270	3,820	4,450
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,925	4,815	5,105	530	270	260
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,430	5,385	5,040	555	295	265
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,610	7,110	7,500	7,175	3,250	3,925
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,720	3,275	3,445	180	60	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,640	1,375	1,265	115	45	65
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	920	650	270	40	20	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,720	720	990	75	30	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,695	1,145	1,545	65	15	50
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,250	685	565	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	135	70	65	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	34,960	17,315	17,650	8,265	3,815	4,445
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	580	265	320	340	140	200
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	555	260	295	335	140	200
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	345	160	190	150	55	90
Métis	205	100	110	175	80	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	34,380	17,055	17,330	7,925	3,675	4,250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	34,965	17,315	17,650	8,265	3,820	4,450
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	160	75	80	55	25	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	34,805	17,240	17,565	8,210	3,790	4,415
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	34,965	17,315	17,650	8,265	3,820	4,445
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	105	60	40	75	25	50
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	60	40	75	25	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	85	60	30	50	15	35
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	20	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	845	390	455	500	250	250
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	815	370	440	495	255	240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	615	280	335	290	150	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	90	105	180	95	85
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	15	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	34,015	16,865	17,150	7,690	3,540	4,145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	34,965	17,320	17,650	8,265	3,820	4,450
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,160	3,510	3,650	240	125	115
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,920	955	960	85	45	35
Chinese	605	300	305	60	20	45
Black	780	375	410	20	15	10
Filipino	510	250	260	0	0	0
Latin American	1,030	500	530	25	15	10
Arab	240	130	105	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,000	460	540	30	20	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	445	240	210	0	0	0
Korean	55	40	15	20	10	10
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	320	160	155	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	225	90	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	27,800	13,805	14,000	8,030	3,690	4,335
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	34,965	17,315	17,645	8,265	3,815	4,450
North American Aboriginal origins	950	455	495	580	275	295
First Nations (North American Indian)	745	360	385	350	170	180
Inuit	0	0	0	25	10	15
Métis	245	115	135	210	100	110
Other North American origins	8,350	4,115	4,235	3,700	1,730	1,970
Acadian	30	10	25	105	45	60
American	280	130	150	105	50	60
Canadian	8,135	4,015	4,120	3,545	1,655	1,890
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,725	12,325	12,400	5,785	2,690	3,100
British Isles origins	11,505	5,565	5,935	4,050	1,815	2,240
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,205	3,490	3,710	2,360	1,000	1,365
Irish	4,855	2,260	2,595	1,390	660	735
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,665	2,160	2,505	1,730	750	985
Welsh	520	250	270	165	85	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	815	420	395	190	100	85
French origins	2,230	1,100	1,130	1,085	525	555
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,230	1,100	1,130	1,085	530	555
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,800	1,790	2,010	2,510	1,190	1,330
Austrian	270	135	135	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	50	30	25	10	0	10
Dutch	1,450	730	720	435	220	215
Flemish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,105	950	1,150	2,255	1,050	1,210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	150	50	95	40	20	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	660	335	325	115	45	70
Danish	160	70	90	20	0	15
Finnish	210	125	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	20	0	15	0	20
Norwegian	150	80	65	55	30	20
Swedish	130	60	75	25	10	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,670	1,895	1,775	170	60	110
Bulgarian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	85	35	45	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	535	320	215	10	0	0
Latvian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,030	505	520	95	30	60
Romanian	270	135	140	10	0	0
Russian	750	375	375	40	15	20
Slovak	280	135	140	0	0	0
Ukrainian	875	435	445	45	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins	10,425	5,425	5,005	145	75	65
Albanian	75	45	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	85	100	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	370	180	190	30	10	15
Italian	5,305	2,750	2,555	95	50	40
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Maltese	185	90	90	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	4,135	2,175	1,965	10	10	10
Serbian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Spanish	595	295	305	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	200	120	80	70	35	40
Basque	10	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	190	110	75	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Caribbean origins	855	410	440	25	25	0
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	20	10	10	0
Dominican	40	25	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	500	215	285	15	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	15	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	120	75	45	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	10	25	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,405	690	720	35	20	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	10	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	145	60	90	10	0	0
Chilean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	270	130	140	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	205	115	85	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	50	75	10	10	10
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	120	60	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	65	35	30	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	20	35	0	0	0
African origins	580	295	285	30	0	25
Central and West African origins	55	30	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	105	65	35	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	35	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	35	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	160	80	80	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	65	35	30	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	10	15	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	260	110	145	20	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	235	115	125	20	0	15
Asian origins	5,675	2,815	2,865	225	120	105
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,310	690	630	15	10	0
Afghan	150	75	75	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Armenian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	175	85	95	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	185	105	80	0	0	0
Iraqi	215	125	95	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	235	115	120	15	10	10
Palestinian	60	40	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	40	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Tajik	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	60	35	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,015	990	1,025	90	50	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,210	620	590	80	45	35
Goan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	365	180	185	15	15	0
Punjabi	75	45	25	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	305	130	170	0	0	0
Tamil	85	35	50	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	60	30	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,450	1,185	1,260	115	55	60
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	305	135	170	0	0	0
Chinese	965	500	465	65	20	40
Filipino	555	265	290	15	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	45	25	20	10	10
Laotian	215	120	95	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	560	250	315	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Australian	30	15	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	11,595	...	...	4,075	...	...
Owner	9,585	...	...	2,305	...	...
Renter	2,005	...	...	1,770	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
Condominium	275	...	...	130	...	...
Not condominium	11,320	...	...	3,945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	590	...	...	600	...	...
2 bedrooms	985	...	...	1,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,210	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,795	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,395	...	...	1,190	...	...
5 rooms	1,525	...	...	805	...	...
6 rooms	1,980	...	...	690	...	...
7 rooms	2,045	...	...	445	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,645	...	...	945	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,385	...	...	4,070	...	...
More than 1 person per room	205	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	11,595	...	...	4,075	...	...
Suitable	11,155	...	...	3,980	...	...
Not suitable	435	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
1960 or before	945	...	...	1,210	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,420	...	...	1,105	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,935	...	...	530	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,475	...	...	520	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,060	...	...	235	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,415	...	...	250	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,335	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	11,590	...	...	4,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,280	...	...	3,785	...	...
Major repairs needed	315	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	11,590	...	...	4,075	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,440	...	...	2,725	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,795	...	...	1,315	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	355	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	11,595	...	...	4,075	...	...
15 to 24 years	105	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,680	...	...	475	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,670	...	...	535	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,780	...	...	715	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,190	...	...	750	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,370	...	...	680	...	...
75 to 84 years	580	...	...	540	...	...
85 years and over	210	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	11,490	...	...	4,075	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,350	...	...	2,940	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,140	...	...	1,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,850	...	...	1,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,495	...	...	2,310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	71.9	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.1	...	...	11.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,802	...	...	728	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,749	...	...	882	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	549,651	...	...	170,056	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	588,368	...	...	178,858	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,005	...	...	1,770	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.5	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.6	...	...	48.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,210	...	...	802	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,235	...	...	844	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	27,735	13,675	14,065	7,150	3,245	3,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,805	3,035	2,770	1,670	805	865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,465	4,255	4,210	1,810	885	925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,465	6,380	7,085	3,670	1,555	2,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,050	1,475	570	670	420	255
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	790	490	300	400	200	195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,255	985	270	270	215	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,325	2,815	3,510	1,755	655	1,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	500	255	250	180	50	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,600	1,845	2,755	1,065	435	625
Bachelor's degree	3,575	1,395	2,180	785	305	485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	105	195	70	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	30	40	25	10	20
Master's degree	600	300	305	160	80	80
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	20	30	20	20	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,760	9,755	10,005	4,180	1,930	2,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,940	1,660	1,280	630	350	280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,595	2,850	2,750	960	505	460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,225	5,250	5,985	2,590	1,080	1,510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,625	1,175	450	430	260	170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	590	370	225	260	130	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,030	810	220	165	130	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,285	2,375	2,910	1,290	485	805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	195	200	90	25	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,925	1,500	2,425	780	305	470
Bachelor's degree	3,010	1,130	1,885	605	230	370
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	80	180	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	25	35	20	0	15
Master's degree	540	250	300	95	45	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	20	30	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	27,740	13,670	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,275	7,295	6,980	3,485	1,695	1,795
Education	760	155	600	260	90	170
13. Education	760	160	600	260	90	170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	205	315	75	35	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	50	20	15	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	450	155	295	60	20	40
Humanities	580	190	390	125	70	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	10	40	20	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	120	20	95	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	50	125	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	45	15	20	25	0
54. History	115	50	60	35	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,650	480	1,165	305	50	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	95	100	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	25	310	90	0	95
22. Legal professions and studies	300	45	255	45	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	0	10
42. Psychology	205	40	165	50	0	50
45. Social sciences	565	270	295	85	30	55
Business, management and public administration	3,040	1,145	1,890	950	250	700
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	25	170	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,850	1,125	1,720	925	240	680
Physical and life sciences and technologies	355	135	215	65	30	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	35	105	30	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	40	55	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	50	55	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	500	330	170	80	40	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	310	110	70	35	30
25. Library science	30	0	30	10	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,880	2,705	175	760	700	60
04. Architecture and related services	100	65	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	390	320	65	55	50	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	625	575	55	165	130	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	755	10	195	190	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	620	610	15	275	265	10
48. Precision production	380	380	0	65	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	155	105	55	35	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	170	115	50	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	40	55	40	25	15
Health and related fields	1,760	330	1,430	720	125	595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	250	145	105	45	25	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,495	175	1,325	665	95	570
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,165	545	620	270	135	135
12. Personal and culinary services	635	155	480	185	55	125
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	370	250	125	40	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	135	20	40	40	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,765	9,755	10,005	4,180	1,930	2,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,535	4,510	4,025	1,590	855	740
Education	600	125	470	145	55	95
13. Education	600	130	470	150	55	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	150	245	50	30	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	45	15	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	335	105	225	35	10	25
Humanities	465	125	345	80	30	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	0	35	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	105	15	85	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	30	110	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0	0	0
54. History	95	35	60	25	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	40	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,385	380	1,005	240	35	205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	75	90	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	25	255	75	0	75
22. Legal professions and studies	270	30	240	40	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	10	0	10
42. Psychology	160	30	130	40	0	40
45. Social sciences	470	215	260	70	25	45
Business, management and public administration	2,645	965	1,680	640	160	485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	155	10	150	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,485	955	1,535	620	150	475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	110	185	45	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	20	90	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	25	50	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	50	45	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	300	155	70	35	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	385	285	105	65	35	30
25. Library science	30	0	25	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,410	2,255	155	535	480	55
04. Architecture and related services	90	60	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	345	275	70	50	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	510	470	45	120	95	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	665	660	10	140	130	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	465	460	10	185	180	10
48. Precision production	335	330	0	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	120	95	45	25	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	85	45	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	35	50	25	15	10
Health and related fields	1,395	265	1,130	520	95	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	215	125	90	35	20	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,170	140	1,035	480	75	410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	955	450	505	215	115	105
12. Personal and culinary services	530	130	405	150	55	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	275	195	80	35	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	115	20	30	25	10
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	27,735	13,675	14,060	7,150	3,245	3,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,270	7,295	6,980	3,485	1,690	1,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,465	6,380	7,085	3,670	1,555	2,115
Location of study inside Canada	11,395	5,345	6,050	3,455	1,430	2,030
Same as province or territory of residence	10,900	5,100	5,800	2,710	1,070	1,640
Different than province or territory of residence	495	245	250	745	360	385
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,075	1,035	1,035	215	130	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	195	125	75	40	30	10
Philippines	150	35	110	10	15	0
India	130	65	65	50	30	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	95	90	55	30	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	100	45	60	10	10	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,305	670	635	55	15	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,765	9,760	10,005	4,180	1,935	2,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,535	4,510	4,025	1,595	850	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,230	5,245	5,980	2,590	1,075	1,515
Location of study inside Canada	9,490	4,405	5,085	2,435	990	1,450
Same as province or territory of residence	9,125	4,215	4,910	2,000	780	1,225
Different than province or territory of residence	365	190	175	435	210	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,740	840	895	155	90	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	100	70	35	25	10
Philippines	130	30	100	10	10	0
India	120	55	65	40	30	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	50	45	25	10	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	30	55	10	10	10
France	0	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,125	570	555	35	10	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	27,740	13,670	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
In the labour force	19,965	10,655	9,315	3,925	1,905	2,020
Employed	18,810	9,995	8,815	3,575	1,720	1,850
Unemployed	1,155	660	500	350	185	165
Not in the labour force	7,770	3,020	4,755	3,225	1,340	1,890
Participation rate	72.0	77.9	66.2	54.9	58.7	51.7
Employment rate	67.8	73.1	62.7	50.0	53.0	47.3
Unemployment rate	5.8	6.2	5.4	8.9	9.7	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	27,740	13,675	14,065	7,155	3,245	3,910
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,265	2,865	4,400	3,035	1,265	1,770
Worked	20,470	10,810	9,665	4,120	1,980	2,140
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,185	6,530	4,660	1,960	1,045	910
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,285	4,280	5,005	2,160	935	1,230
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.3	42.8	41.4	41.4	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	19,965	10,655	9,310	3,925	1,910	2,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	150	155	95	45	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	19,665	10,505	9,155	3,830	1,865	1,965
Employee	17,275	8,915	8,360	3,565	1,725	1,840
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,390	1,590	800	265	140	125
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	19,965	10,655	9,315	3,925	1,905	2,015
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	145	155	95	50	50
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	19,665	10,505	9,155	3,830	1,865	1,970
0 Management occupations	2,240	1,360	880	305	155	145
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,105	805	2,305	470	125	345
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	945	740	200	125	100	25
3 Health occupations	830	95	735	355	60	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,860	485	1,380	445	135	305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	510	225	290	105	50	60
6 Sales and service occupations	4,370	1,830	2,540	1,115	390	730
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,950	3,760	190	490	470	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	525	400	125	60	55	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,330	810	515	355	320	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	19,965	10,655	9,310	3,925	1,910	2,015
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	300	150	155	100	50	50
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	19,660	10,505	9,155	3,830	1,860	1,970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	395	230	165	40	35	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	25	15	10	10	0
22 Utilities	110	95	15	25	25	0
23 Construction	2,830	2,495	335	210	195	15
31-33 Manufacturing	2,480	1,650	830	495	440	50
41 Wholesale trade	975	650	320	80	55	30
44-45 Retail trade	2,315	1,055	1,260	620	250	375
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	765	545	215	80	75	0
51 Information and cultural industries	375	200	175	60	50	10
52 Finance and insurance	835	315	520	90	40	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	335	175	160	35	15	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,115	490	625	150	50	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	970	540	430	275	135	140
61 Educational services	1,140	285	855	290	85	205
62 Health care and social assistance	1,590	150	1,450	625	110	510
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	415	215	195	85	60	30
72 Accommodation and food services	1,115	480	630	335	95	245
81 Other services (except public administration)	905	380	520	160	80	80
91 Public administration	920	510	410	175	70	105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	18,810	9,995	8,815	3,575	1,720	1,850
Worked at home	1,175	525	650	165	40	125
Worked outside Canada	45	20	25	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,090	2,455	640	320	235	80
Worked at usual place	14,500	6,995	7,505	3,080	1,435	1,645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,500	6,995	7,505	3,080	1,435	1,650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,380	1,365	2,015	2,060	925	1,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	965	490	475	765	360	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,135	5,130	5,010	225	125	100
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	30	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,590	9,450	8,140	3,400	1,670	1,730
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,835	8,220	6,615	2,725	1,350	1,375
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,320	645	670	270	125	145
Public transit	745	280	465	10	10	0
Walked	530	215	310	325	135	185
Bicycle	55	45	15	10	10	10
Other method	110	45	65	70	55	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,595	9,450	8,140	3,400	1,675	1,725
Less than 15 minutes	3,275	1,385	1,890	2,225	1,050	1,170
15 to 29 minutes	3,700	1,580	2,120	685	325	360
30 to 44 minutes	4,060	2,310	1,750	280	170	110
45 to 59 minutes	2,660	1,800	860	85	50	35
60 minutes and over	3,890	2,375	1,520	130	75	55
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,590	9,455	8,140	3,405	1,675	1,725
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,380	1,925	455	215	165	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,990	2,465	1,520	545	370	170
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,875	1,860	2,010	910	445	470
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,000	1,105	1,900	850	290	560
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,570	565	1,000	325	120	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,780	1,530	1,245	555	285	270
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,040	11,080	9,960	4,240	2,055	2,185
Single responses	20,885	10,990	9,900	4,220	2,045	2,175
Official languages	20,600	10,820	9,775	4,215	2,035	2,180
English	20,520	10,795	9,725	4,160	2,015	2,145
French	80	25	50	55	25	35
Non-official languages	290	170	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	290	165	120	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	125	80	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	110	55	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	85	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	90	65	20	10	10
English and French	15	0	10	15	0	10
English and non-official language	145	85	50	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,035	11,075	9,965	4,240	2,050	2,185
None	20,005	10,470	9,535	4,120	2,010	2,110
English	175	105	75	30	15	15
French	180	65	110	70	25	45
Non-official language	660	430	235	20	10	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	665	430	230	25	0	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	34,385	17,055	17,330	8,205	3,780	4,420
Non-movers	30,145	14,980	15,165	6,875	3,155	3,720
Movers	4,235	2,070	2,165	1,330	625	705
Non-migrants	1,420	675	745	795	355	430
Migrants	2,815	1,395	1,420	540	265	270
Internal migrants	2,630	1,310	1,320	510	250	260
Intraprovincial migrants	2,565	1,270	1,290	385	170	210
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	30	130	85	45
External migrants	185	85	100	25	15	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	32,390	15,975	16,415	7,920	3,640	4,285
Non-movers	18,315	9,115	9,205	4,730	2,150	2,575
Movers	14,075	6,865	7,210	3,195	1,480	1,705
Non-migrants	4,150	2,050	2,100	1,720	790	925
Migrants	9,920	4,815	5,110	1,470	695	780
Internal migrants	9,075	4,415	4,665	1,365	625	745
Intraprovincial migrants	8,920	4,360	4,560	1,040	490	550
Interprovincial migrants	160	50	105	320	135	190
External migrants	840	395	440	105	75	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bradford West Gwillimbury, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Bridgewater, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Bridgewater, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Bridgewater, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bradford West Gwillimbury, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Bridgewater, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia