Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Espanola, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Yorkton--Melville Saskatchewan [Economic region]
	Data quality , Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,996 ^E	...	...	83,947	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,364	...	...	84,867	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-6.9 ^E	...	...	-1.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,351	...	...	42,206	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,191	...	...	35,837	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	60.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	82.82	...	...	42,281.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,995	2,470	2,530	83,945	41,760	42,190
0 to 14 years	705	340	365	15,285	7,825	7,465
0 to 4 years	215	115	105	4,880	2,505	2,370
5 to 9 years	240	100	140	5,380	2,735	2,645
10 to 14 years	250	125	130	5,025	2,580	2,445
15 to 64 years	3,210	1,590	1,620	50,050	25,405	24,650
15 to 19 years	265	135	135	4,880	2,525	2,355
20 to 24 years	280	140	140	4,025	2,115	1,915
25 to 29 years	270	145	130	4,280	2,215	2,065
30 to 34 years	260	130	125	4,560	2,260	2,295
35 to 39 years	255	130	130	4,640	2,310	2,325
40 to 44 years	290	140	150	4,465	2,235	2,230
45 to 49 years	295	150	150	4,810	2,415	2,395
50 to 54 years	405	195	205	5,925	2,935	2,995
55 to 59 years	510	250	260	6,360	3,290	3,065
60 to 64 years	380	190	195	6,105	3,095	3,015
65 years and over	1,085	540	545	18,610	8,535	10,075
65 to 69 years	390	210	180	5,360	2,675	2,685
70 to 74 years	250	130	120	4,105	1,950	2,155
75 to 79 years	195	105	90	3,330	1,595	1,735
80 to 84 years	135	55	80	2,600	1,165	1,430
85 years and over	115	40	75	3,220	1,150	2,070
85 to 89 years	65	20	45	1,875	750	1,135
90 to 94 years	45	15	30	990	330	655
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	300	65	235
100 years and over	0	0	0	55	10	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	13.8	14.4	18.2	18.7	17.7
15 to 64 years	64.3	64.4	64.0	59.6	60.8	58.4
65 years and over	21.7	21.9	21.5	22.2	20.4	23.9
85 years and over	2.3	1.6	3.0	3.8	2.8	4.9
Average age of the population	44.7	44.6	44.7	43.2	42.2	44.2
Median age of the population	48.0	48.1	47.9	44.8	43.6	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,190	...	...	35,840	...	...
Single-detached house	1,755	...	...	30,550	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	430	...	...	4,270	...	...
Semi-detached house	75	...	...	940	...	...
Row house	65	...	...	725	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	235	...	...	2,330	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
1 person	635	...	...	11,445	...	...
2 persons	880	...	...	13,815	...	...
3 persons	340	...	...	3,975	...	...
4 persons	235	...	...	3,765	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...	2,840	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,900	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,290	2,130	2,160	68,660	33,935	34,725
Married or living common law	2,620	1,305	1,310	42,210	21,175	21,035
Married	2,130	1,070	1,065	35,775	17,955	17,815
Living common law	485	245	240	6,440	3,220	3,220
Not married and not living common law	1,675	820	850	26,450	12,760	13,690
Never married	970	550	425	15,295	9,075	6,215
Separated	155	75	80	1,530	710	820
Divorced	240	120	120	3,575	1,815	1,760
Widowed	305	75	230	6,045	1,155	4,890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,530	...	...	23,955	...	...
2 persons	920	...	...	13,995	...	...
3 persons	315	...	...	3,955	...	...
4 persons	225	...	...	3,680	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	2,325	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,530	...	...	23,955	...	...
Total couple families	1,285	...	...	20,630	...	...
Married couples	1,040	...	...	17,410	...	...
Common-law couples	245	...	...	3,220	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	245	...	...	3,325	...	...
Female parent	190	...	...	2,495	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,285	...	...	20,630	...	...
Couples without children	760	...	...	12,050	...	...
Couples with children	525	...	...	8,575	...	...
1 child	250	...	...	3,140	...	...
2 children	210	...	...	3,310	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...	3,325	...	...
1 child	160	...	...	1,950	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	810	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	565	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	835	440	395	14,725	7,380	7,345
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
One-census-family households	1,485	...	...	23,160	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	745	...	...	11,845	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	740	...	...	11,320	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	25	...	...	390	...	...
Non-census-family households	685	...	...	12,290	...	...
One-person households	630	...	...	11,445	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50	...	...	840	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,915	2,440	2,475	82,520	41,215	41,305
English only	3,870	1,965	1,905	80,770	40,465	40,305
French only	15	5	10	15	5	15
English and French	1,035	470	560	1,560	660	895
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	180	85	95
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,920	2,445	2,475	82,520	41,215	41,305
English	4,330	2,165	2,160	81,865	40,925	40,935
French	580	270	310	455	190	265
English and French	10	5	5	30	20	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	170	75	90
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	580	270	310	470	200	275
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	11.8	11.0	12.5	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,915	2,445	2,475	82,520	41,215	41,305
Single responses	4,830	2,395	2,435	81,440	40,735	40,705
Official languages	4,685	2,320	2,365	73,050	36,635	36,410
English	4,050	2,015	2,030	72,510	36,415	36,095
French	635	300	335	535	220	320
Non-official languages	150	80	70	8,395	4,105	4,295
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	635	305	330
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	610	295	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	265	140	125
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	255	130	125
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	5	340	155	190
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	340	155	190
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	130	70	60	7,760	3,795	3,960
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	45	30	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	30	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	1,340	670	670
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	65	30	40
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	1,175	600	575
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	60	35	25
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	45	40	5,620	2,705	2,920
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	3,300	1,525	1,775
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	20	10	10	3,295	1,525	1,775
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	35	20	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	195	85	105
Russian	0	0	0	260	120	140
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	10	2,745	1,260	1,490
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	1,695	850	845
Afrikaans	0	0	0	155	90	65
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	5
Dutch	5	5	5	120	70	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	10	5	10	1,350	650	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	5	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	280	155	130
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	260	140	115
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	5	60	40	20
Hindi	5	0	0	40	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	100	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	275	140	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	5	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	5	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	0	0	5	210	105	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	95	50	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	255	125	125
Chinese languages	20	5	5	255	130	125
Cantonese	15	5	5	80	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	65	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	235	120	115
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	0	35	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	195	100	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	85	45	40	1,075	480	600
English and French	65	35	30	60	25	35
English and non-official language	25	5	15	980	435	545
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,920	2,445	2,475	82,520	41,215	41,305
Single responses	4,850	2,410	2,440	80,805	40,425	40,385
Official languages	4,815	2,390	2,425	78,485	39,225	39,265
English	4,670	2,330	2,340	78,400	39,180	39,225
French	145	60	85	85	40	45
Non-official languages	35	20	15	2,325	1,205	1,120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	80	40	40
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	80	40	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	50	25	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	45	20	25
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	2,245	1,165	1,075
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	645	335	310
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	600	310	285
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	5	1,215	625	590
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	405	195	210
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	395	190	205
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	300	140	155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	450	250	200
Afrikaans	0	0	0	110	55	50
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	305	175	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	165	85	80
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	145	80	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hindi	5	0	5	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	60	30	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	165	80	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	5	0	5	145	70	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	85	40	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	175	90	80
Chinese languages	5	0	5	175	95	80
Cantonese	5	0	5	50	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	50	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	65	30	35	1,710	790	920
English and French	30	15	15	50	20	30
English and non-official language	35	15	20	1,650	765	885
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,915	2,440	2,475	82,520	41,215	41,305
None	4,410	2,220	2,185	78,590	39,285	39,300
English	125	55	70	1,070	555	515
French	335	140	195	250	95	155
Non-official language	55	25	25	2,570	1,255	1,315
Aboriginal	10	5	5	510	255	250
Non-Aboriginal	45	25	25	2,065	995	1,065
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,195	2,090	2,105	66,765	33,200	33,570
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,055	2,035	2,020	64,330	32,035	32,295
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,112	47,104	24,986	32,580	39,706	27,419
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,055	2,035	2,020	64,345	32,035	32,305
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,619	41,748	23,588	30,139	35,812	25,858
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,530	1,845	1,685	58,235	29,570	28,670
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,496	45,333	22,592	29,928	37,964	23,928
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,950	1,345	1,605	45,685	20,355	25,335
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,570	10,144	7,504	7,549	7,035	7,816
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,805	1,535	1,270	47,595	25,460	22,130
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,654	45,517	25,568	30,765	36,921	26,105
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,245	2,175	2,065	66,765	33,195	33,565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,100	2,115	1,985	64,390	32,025	32,365
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,599	51,466	31,076	43,835	52,293	35,465
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,105	2,115	1,990	64,405	32,025	32,375
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,438	43,250	27,128	36,811	42,585	31,098
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,550	1,915	1,635	58,065	29,395	28,665
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,060	49,333	29,198	41,756	51,096	32,177
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,005	1,415	1,590	45,725	20,520	25,205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,468	10,236	8,784	8,705	8,411	8,945
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,780	1,555	1,225	47,595	25,315	22,280
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,146	46,833	31,642	41,938	49,801	33,004
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,245	2,180	2,070	66,765	33,200	33,565
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,195	710	480	22,845	13,400	9,440
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	61,479	76,805	45,310	47,588	52,601	42,516
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,052	72,688	51,319	58,156	64,875	48,621
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.4	87.8	78.7	85.6	89.7	79.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.4	68.6	62.6	70.2	74.7	63.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.6	12.2	21.2	14.4	10.3	20.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,195	2,090	2,105	66,765	33,200	33,565
Without total income	145	55	90	2,435	1,160	1,275
With total income	4,055	2,035	2,015	64,330	32,035	32,295
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.4	95.7	96.4	96.5	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	165	390	8,515	3,900	4,610
$10,000 to $19,999	690	250	445	11,910	4,905	7,005
$20,000 to $29,999	525	205	320	9,650	3,840	5,805
$30,000 to $39,999	445	230	215	7,820	3,460	4,355
$40,000 to $49,999	445	245	200	6,765	3,325	3,445
$50,000 to $59,999	315	180	135	4,940	2,645	2,295
$60,000 to $69,999	280	175	110	3,500	2,140	1,360
$70,000 to $79,999	195	140	60	2,600	1,630	975
$80,000 to $89,999	170	120	55	2,155	1,320	835
$90,000 to $99,999	165	120	45	1,555	1,000	550
$100,000 and over	260	215	40	4,925	3,875	1,050
$100,000 to $149,999	215	180	35	3,730	2,865	865
$150,000 and over	40	30	10	1,195	1,010	180
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,195	2,090	2,105	66,765	33,200	33,565
Without after-tax income	140	55	85	2,420	1,160	1,260
With after-tax income	4,055	2,035	2,020	64,350	32,035	32,310
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	97.4	96.0	96.4	96.5	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	580	170	410	8,730	3,985	4,745
$10,000 to $19,999	720	260	465	12,310	5,080	7,230
$20,000 to $29,999	605	235	370	11,010	4,465	6,550
$30,000 to $39,999	555	305	250	9,480	4,410	5,070
$40,000 to $49,999	480	280	200	7,410	3,880	3,535
$50,000 to $59,999	355	215	140	4,930	3,020	1,905
$60,000 to $69,999	285	210	80	3,300	2,015	1,280
$70,000 to $79,999	225	170	55	2,440	1,495	945
$80,000 and over	245	195	45	4,745	3,690	1,055
$80,000 to $89,999	125	95	30	1,650	1,140	510
$90,000 to $99,999	45	40	0	1,085	870	210
$100,000 and over	75	60	15	2,010	1,680	325
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,195	2,090	2,100	66,770	33,200	33,570
Without employment income	1,390	560	830	19,170	7,735	11,435
With employment income	2,810	1,535	1,270	47,590	25,465	22,130
Percentage with employment income	67.0	73.4	60.5	71.3	76.7	65.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	525	315	210	7,655	3,995	3,665
$5,000 to $9,999	245	105	145	3,825	1,760	2,065
$10,000 to $19,999	320	125	195	6,410	3,020	3,390
$20,000 to $29,999	270	100	170	5,455	2,350	3,105
$30,000 to $39,999	205	85	120	5,165	2,315	2,845
$40,000 to $49,999	220	95	130	4,455	2,235	2,220
$50,000 to $59,999	180	100	80	3,360	1,835	1,520
$60,000 to $69,999	180	110	70	2,450	1,560	895
$70,000 to $79,999	160	110	45	1,875	1,230	645
$80,000 and over	490	390	105	6,950	5,160	1,790
$80,000 to $89,999	140	105	35	1,710	1,040	675
$90,000 to $99,999	145	105	45	1,235	845	395
$100,000 and over	210	180	30	4,000	3,280	720
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,738	...	...	60,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,814	...	...	54,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	635	...	...	11,445	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,896	...	...	28,126	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,952	...	...	26,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,555	...	...	24,395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,436	...	...	79,963	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,032	...	...	70,918	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,195	...	...	35,840	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,869	...	...	78,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,424	...	...	66,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...	11,475	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,095	...	...	40,679	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,530	...	...	34,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,560	...	...	24,365	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,682	...	...	96,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,839	...	...	81,071	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	720	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	490	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	800	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2,435	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	2,175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	1,535	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	75	...	...	1,990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	1,755	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	1,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	1,505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	205	...	...	2,710	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	2,520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	2,210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	1,925	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	1,675	...	...
$100,000 and over	655	...	...	9,750	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	3,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	170	...	...	2,385	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	160	...	...	2,485	...	...
$200,000 and over	70	...	...	1,445	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,195	...	...	35,835	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	760	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	510	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	810	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	2,500	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	2,305	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	1,765	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	2,220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	2,020	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	1,805	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	1,710	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...	3,250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	180	...	...	2,900	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	2,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	2,120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	1,840	...	...
$100,000 and over	425	...	...	6,870	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	3,265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...	1,800	...	...
$150,000 and over	85	...	...	1,805	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,520	...	...	23,865	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,784	...	...	79,203	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,296	...	...	70,289	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	725	...	...	11,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,128	...	...	73,105	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,071	...	...	65,012	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	535	...	...	8,645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,688	...	...	107,546	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,792	...	...	93,072	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...	3,040	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,219	...	...	46,037	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,400	...	...	43,824	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,520	...	...	23,890	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,107	...	...	96,143	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,288	...	...	80,553	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...	11,750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,099	...	...	87,462	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,863	...	...	73,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	8,660	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,766	...	...	123,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,708	...	...	101,732	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	3,035	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,365	...	...	55,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,447	...	...	49,676	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	755	395	360	13,195	6,570	6,625
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,216	39,381	24,640	28,454	33,613	25,310
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,864	35,029	23,936	26,765	30,477	24,627
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	755	425	330	13,120	6,530	6,595
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,504	44,336	31,036	40,083	43,829	36,374
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,116	37,041	28,089	34,032	36,172	31,912
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,900	2,430	2,475	81,995	40,980	41,015
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,405	1,150	1,255	44,895	21,670	23,220
In the bottom decile	425	200	225	9,510	4,895	4,615
In the second decile	440	180	260	11,040	4,805	6,235
In the third decile	450	210	240	8,645	4,145	4,500
In the fourth decile	580	300	275	7,860	3,840	4,015
In the fifth decile	515	255	255	7,845	3,985	3,860
In the top half of the distribution	2,495	1,280	1,215	37,100	19,310	17,790
In the sixth decile	475	240	235	8,015	4,135	3,875
In the seventh decile	555	270	280	7,725	3,980	3,745
In the eighth decile	645	330	315	7,765	3,990	3,780
In the ninth decile	525	285	240	7,505	3,930	3,575
In the top decile	300	160	140	6,090	3,270	2,825
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,900	2,430	2,475	76,285	38,105	38,185
0 to 17 years	870	415	455	15,870	8,100	7,775
0 to 5 years	270	135	135	5,125	2,605	2,520
18 to 64 years	3,010	1,495	1,515	43,710	22,175	21,535
65 years and over	1,020	525	495	16,705	7,830	8,875
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	645	285	360	12,215	5,670	6,550
0 to 17 years	150	75	75	3,020	1,505	1,510
0 to 5 years	60	30	30	1,090	530	555
18 to 64 years	375	165	210	5,475	2,780	2,700
65 years and over	115	40	75	3,725	1,385	2,340
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.2	11.7	14.5	16.0	14.9	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2	18.1	16.5	19.0	18.6	19.4
0 to 5 years (%)	22.2	22.2	22.2	21.3	20.3	22.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.0	13.9	12.5	12.5	12.5
65 years and over (%)	11.3	7.6	15.2	22.3	17.7	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	255	125	140	3,590	1,900	1,690
0 to 17 years	70	40	30	990	490	495
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	375	185	190
18 to 64 years	190	85	105	2,285	1,240	1,040
65 years and over	5	0	5	315	170	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.1	5.7	4.7	5.0	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	9.6	6.6	6.2	6.0	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.3	7.4	7.4	7.3	7.1	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	5.7	6.9	5.2	5.6	4.8
65 years and over (%)	0.5	0.0	1.0	1.9	2.2	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,900	2,460	2,440	82,000	40,985	41,015
Official languages	4,900	2,460	2,440	81,780	40,895	40,885
English	4,890	2,460	2,430	81,755	40,890	40,865
French	1,000	425	570	1,580	615	960
Non-official languages	175	120	50	9,845	4,660	5,185
Aboriginal languages	40	20	15	945	440	500
Algonquian languages	35	20	15	910	430	480
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	460	240	220
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	445	220	220
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	15	15	475	205	265
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	15	15	470	205	265
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	20	0	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	135	100	35	8,900	4,225	4,680
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	75	40	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,650	805	850
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	85	40	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	15	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,640	795	845
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	65	25	35
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	55	20	6,160	2,890	3,270
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	3,845	1,680	2,160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	15	15	10	3,840	1,675	2,160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	30	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	190	90	100
Russian	0	0	0	380	160	225
Serbian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ukrainian	10	10	0	3,375	1,450	1,930
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	1,600	835	760
Afrikaans	0	0	0	150	85	70
Danish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	100	60	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,320	680	640
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	160	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	275	155	120
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	85	45	35
Hindi	0	0	0	140	85	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	130	80	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	40	10	430	205	220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	15	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	10	0	0	35	10	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	25	20	0	360	180	185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	80	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	0	50	35	20
American Sign Language	10	10	0	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	40	30	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	365	155	210
Chinese languages	30	20	0	365	155	210
Cantonese	25	15	10	90	45	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	115	40	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	85	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	195	95	95
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	30	15	15
Hungarian	0	10	0	160	80	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,900	2,460	2,440	82,000	40,980	41,015
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,865	2,445	2,420	78,850	39,390	39,460
Canadian citizens aged under 18	805	370	440	17,480	8,870	8,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,055	2,080	1,985	61,375	30,520	30,855
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	40	20	15	3,150	1,590	1,555
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,905	2,460	2,440	82,000	40,980	41,015
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,775	2,395	2,385	77,025	38,510	38,520
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	120	70	50	4,385	2,150	2,240
Before 1981	75	50	25	785	405	385
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	245	110	135
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	230	110	120
2001 to 2010	15	0	10	1,195	545	645
2001 to 2005	10	10	10	260	135	120
2006 to 2010	0	0	10	930	410	520
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,930	975	955
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	585	325	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	120	70	55	4,385	2,150	2,235
Under 5 years	25	15	10	535	315	220
5 to 14 years	40	15	20	790	390	395
15 to 24 years	25	20	10	715	340	375
25 to 44 years	25	15	10	1,995	920	1,075
45 years and over	0	0	0	355	190	170
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	125	70	50	4,390	2,150	2,235
Americas	30	15	15	475	240	235
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	10	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	15	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	20	20	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	285	115	175
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	125	90	40
Europe	55	35	25	1,400	685	710
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	10	0	10	155	55	100
Greece	0	0	0	35	25	10
Hungary	0	10	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	20	10
Italy	10	0	0	10	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	10	105	55	45
Poland	0	0	0	100	50	50
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	350	180	170
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	10	375	155	215
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	165	105	60
Africa	10	0	0	350	185	165
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	30	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	165	90	75
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	95	45	45
Asia	30	15	15	2,130	1,025	1,110
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	15	0	240	110	130
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	15	10
India	0	0	0	200	115	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	65	30	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	1,500	710	790
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	1,930	975	950
Americas	0	0	0	100	50	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	40	10
Europe	0	0	0	275	135	140
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	15	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	195	90	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	20	15
Africa	0	0	0	145	80	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	70	35	35
Tunisia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	1,400	705	695
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	165	95	70
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	55	20	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Philippines	10	0	10	1,090	560	530
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,905	2,465	2,440	81,995	40,980	41,015
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	135	80	55	5,100	2,535	2,560
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	380	205	175	9,810	4,575	5,240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,385	2,180	2,210	67,080	33,870	33,210
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	50	25	25	3,615	1,755	1,860
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	10	2,910	1,505	1,405
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,160	805	355
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	0	10	1,750	695	1,050
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	15	20	635	210	430
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,900	2,460	2,440	81,995	40,980	41,015
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	570	280	285	11,380	5,490	5,895
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	565	285	285	11,250	5,430	5,820
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	255	120	135	8,685	4,140	4,545
Métis	310	165	145	2,540	1,285	1,260
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	65	30	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	70	25	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,330	2,180	2,150	70,615	35,495	35,120
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,900	2,465	2,440	82,000	40,980	41,015
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	220	105	120	8,480	4,040	4,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,680	2,360	2,315	73,515	36,945	36,575
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,900	2,465	2,440	81,995	40,980	41,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	155	80	70	7,535	3,675	3,865
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	155	80	70	7,365	3,595	3,770
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	110	50	60	6,880	3,345	3,540
Métis single ancestry	40	30	10	475	250	230
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	175	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	165	75	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	570	265	305	3,900	1,900	1,995
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	545	255	290	3,650	1,790	1,855
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	125	160	2,005	955	1,045
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	130	130	1,640	830	805
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	15	250	110	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	245	110	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,175	2,115	2,060	70,560	35,405	35,155
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,905	2,465	2,440	81,995	40,980	41,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	75	40	35	3,475	1,710	1,765
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	0	15	360	195	165
Chinese	30	20	10	400	185	215
Black	10	10	0	385	155	220
Filipino	0	0	0	1,865	925	940
Latin American	10	0	10	150	80	65
Arab	0	0	0	60	30	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	25	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korean	0	10	0	130	80	60
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	50	25	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,825	2,425	2,405	78,520	39,265	39,250
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,900	2,460	2,440	82,000	40,980	41,015
North American Aboriginal origins	725	345	380	11,435	5,575	5,860
First Nations (North American Indian)	425	190	235	9,310	4,490	4,820
Inuit	0	0	0	20	10	0
Métis	320	165	160	2,530	1,270	1,265
Other North American origins	2,235	1,070	1,165	15,835	7,850	7,980
Acadian	10	0	10	15	15	0
American	45	20	30	630	265	365
Canadian	2,215	1,070	1,145	15,370	7,655	7,715
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	15	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	3,695	1,875	1,820	62,995	31,455	31,545
British Isles origins	2,405	1,200	1,205	30,065	14,800	15,265
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	0	10
English	1,300	600	700	18,945	9,270	9,670
Irish	1,145	575	565	9,825	4,725	5,095
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	1,035	530	505	13,090	6,230	6,855
Welsh	40	25	15	1,160	530	640
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	85	45	40	805	365	440
French origins	1,880	945	935	6,470	2,955	3,515
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,880	945	940	6,470	2,955	3,510
Western European origins (except French origins)	550	280	270	24,495	12,335	12,160
Austrian	25	10	10	1,560	815	745
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	720	395	325
Dutch	130	80	55	2,160	1,010	1,155
Flemish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	420	210	210	21,535	10,820	10,715
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	340	155	185
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	125	60	70	9,455	4,725	4,730
Danish	10	0	0	765	365	395
Finnish	120	55	65	470	255	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,880	985	890
Norwegian	10	10	0	4,015	2,055	1,965
Swedish	0	0	0	3,245	1,600	1,645
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	260	95	165
Eastern European origins	490	255	235	28,970	14,440	14,530
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	640	355	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	385	180	205
Estonian	0	0	10	20	10	10
Hungarian	40	10	30	3,785	1,915	1,865
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Polish	185	100	95	8,065	4,010	4,055
Romanian	20	10	15	705	320	385
Russian	15	15	0	2,750	1,365	1,385
Slovak	0	10	0	145	75	65
Ukrainian	275	160	115	19,700	9,845	9,855
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	290	200	90	1,140	525	620
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	0	100	45	60
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	100	55	50
Italian	245	170	80	460	195	265
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	115	70	50
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Spanish	20	10	15	270	105	165
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	10	175	80	95
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	45	35	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	80	30	50
Caribbean origins	15	10	10	110	50	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	10	0	60	30	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	10	10	255	140	110
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maya	0	0	0	20	15	0
Mexican	0	0	0	95	45	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	15	10	10
African origins	15	0	10	525	235	290
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	160	65	90
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	55	20	40
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	20	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	80	40	40
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	200	105	90
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	115	70	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other African origins	15	10	10	120	40	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	20	20	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	105	25	80
Asian origins	50	20	30	3,035	1,540	1,495
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	105	60	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	10	40	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	15	0	15	415	225	195
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	15	355	195	165
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	20	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	30	20	15	2,475	1,235	1,240
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	30	20	10	480	235	250
Filipino	10	0	0	1,830	910	915
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	85	55
Laotian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oceania origins	0	0	0	55	30	25
Australian	0	0	0	30	10	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
Owner	1,700	...	...	27,620	...	...
Renter	490	...	...	6,725	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	1,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,190	...	...	35,840	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	920	...	...
Not condominium	2,150	...	...	34,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	85	...	...
1 bedroom	175	...	...	2,805	...	...
2 bedrooms	575	...	...	7,845	...	...
3 bedrooms	930	...	...	13,330	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	510	...	...	11,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	440	...	...	6,215	...	...
5 rooms	370	...	...	6,035	...	...
6 rooms	445	...	...	6,110	...	...
7 rooms	295	...	...	5,010	...	...
8 or more rooms	645	...	...	12,470	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,190	...	...	35,395	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,190	...	...	35,840	...	...
Suitable	2,125	...	...	34,785	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...	1,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
1960 or before	905	...	...	10,945	...	...
1961 to 1980	960	...	...	14,105	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	4,680	...	...
1991 to 2000	85	...	...	2,060	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	855	...	...
2006 to 2010	40	...	...	1,450	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	1,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,030	...	...	31,930	...	...
Major repairs needed	160	...	...	3,905	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,190	...	...	35,840	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,355	...	...	23,885	...	...
2 household maintainers	810	...	...	11,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,190	...	...	35,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...	1,245	...	...
25 to 34 years	220	...	...	4,385	...	...
35 to 44 years	300	...	...	4,890	...	...
45 to 54 years	395	...	...	6,140	...	...
55 to 64 years	470	...	...	7,165	...	...
65 to 74 years	410	...	...	6,000	...	...
75 to 84 years	250	...	...	4,050	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	1,965	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,185	...	...	30,515	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,770	...	...	25,305	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	410	...	...	5,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	360	...	...	4,600	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	24,070	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.0	...	...	45.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.2	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	933	...	...	595	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,066	...	...	839	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,310	...	...	179,937	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	185,358	...	...	217,421	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	490	...	...	6,545	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.3	...	...	28.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.4	...	...	41.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	822	...	...	744	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	846	...	...	797	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,245	2,175	2,070	66,765	33,195	33,570
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	540	495	17,580	9,480	8,095
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,180	565	615	20,860	10,870	9,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,025	1,070	950	28,330	12,845	15,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	280	105	8,045	5,690	2,355
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	235	155	80	3,560	1,950	1,610
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	150	130	25	4,485	3,740	745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,105	530	580	11,400	3,615	7,780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	25	2,140	780	1,355
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	480	240	240	6,745	2,760	3,990
Bachelor's degree	400	200	205	5,425	2,125	3,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	385	140	245
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10	230	155	80
Master's degree	45	30	15	660	310	350
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	55	30	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,610	1,325	1,290	40,770	20,505	20,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	370	175	190	5,785	3,690	2,095
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	725	365	360	13,840	7,290	6,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,515	785	735	21,145	9,525	11,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	265	190	85	5,680	4,075	1,610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	165	110	60	2,485	1,390	1,090
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	100	80	20	3,195	2,680	515
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	895	430	470	8,710	2,805	5,905
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	15	15	1,370	570	800
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	320	150	170	5,385	2,075	3,310
Bachelor's degree	255	130	130	4,325	1,590	2,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	285	105	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	210	130	80
Master's degree	35	20	20	535	230	300
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,245	2,180	2,070	66,765	33,195	33,565
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,225	1,105	1,115	38,435	20,350	18,090
Education	110	40	75	3,050	800	2,245
13. Education	115	40	75	3,045	800	2,250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	20	10	355	175	180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	120	110	10
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	235	65	170
Humanities	85	40	45	785	400	380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	140	35	100
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	155	60	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	60	45	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	320	210	110
54. History	0	0	0	65	35	30
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	50	130	1,185	265	920
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	35	20	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	60	30	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	55	505	35	470
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	210	50	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	15
42. Psychology	25	0	20	145	25	115
45. Social sciences	50	25	30	220	105	115
Business, management and public administration	265	60	205	5,150	1,195	3,950
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	20	40	545	90	450
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205	45	170	4,590	1,100	3,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	10	350	150	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	115	25	90
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	25	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	115	85	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	60	15	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	15	430	210	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	20	15	330	185	145
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	25	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	650	590	55	6,855	6,530	325
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	10	0
14. Engineering	55	50	10	520	450	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	175	140	35	780	695	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	130	130	0	1,830	1,765	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	2,515	2,460	55
48. Precision production	75	65	10	1,205	1,155	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	55	25	1,845	1,400	445
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	0	10	1,670	1,285	385
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	55	15	175	115	60
Health and related fields	395	80	315	6,075	675	5,400
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	30	20	210	105	100
51. Health professions and related programs	340	45	295	5,840	555	5,290
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	95	70	2,255	1,045	1,210
12. Personal and culinary services	75	10	60	1,425	305	1,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	50	10	265	200	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	0	560	540	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,610	1,325	1,285	40,770	20,510	20,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,095	540	555	19,620	10,985	8,640
Education	75	35	45	1,885	470	1,420
13. Education	75	35	45	1,885	470	1,420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	285	135	150
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	90	85	10
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	195	50	145
Humanities	35	20	15	575	275	300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	110	35	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	10	100	25	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	255	170	85
54. History	0	0	0	45	15	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	25	100	985	205	775
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	55	25	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45	420	25	395
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	185	40	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	105	20	85
45. Social sciences	30	15	15	185	80	100
Business, management and public administration	220	45	175	3,980	975	3,000
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	30	415	55	360
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	30	145	3,545	915	2,630
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	260	105	155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	90	20	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	75	55	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	40	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	10	375	185	185
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	295	175	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	495	440	55	4,985	4,700	280
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	45	10	445	370	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	150	115	30	570	500	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	95	95	0	1,300	1,240	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	155	140	10	1,795	1,760	35
48. Precision production	45	40	10	875	825	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	35	20	1,500	1,105	395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	1,360	1,020	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	145	90	55
Health and related fields	305	60	240	4,660	535	4,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	20	20	155	75	85
51. Health professions and related programs	260	35	220	4,490	450	4,040
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	20	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	70	65	1,655	820	830
12. Personal and culinary services	65	10	60	1,005	225	780
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	10	195	155	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	460	445	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,240	2,175	2,065	66,765	33,200	33,565
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,220	1,105	1,115	38,435	20,355	18,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,020	1,075	950	28,330	12,845	15,480
Location of study inside Canada	1,975	1,045	930	26,030	11,670	14,360
Same as province or territory of residence	1,860	980	880	20,275	9,005	11,270
Different than province or territory of residence	110	65	45	5,755	2,665	3,090
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	50	30	25	2,295	1,175	1,125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	375	200	175
Philippines	10	0	10	810	385	425
India	0	0	0	160	95	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	0	120	65	55
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	30	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	0	0	0	775	405	365
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,610	1,320	1,285	40,770	20,510	20,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,095	545	555	19,620	10,980	8,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,515	780	730	21,150	9,530	11,620
Location of study inside Canada	1,485	775	710	19,065	8,490	10,580
Same as province or territory of residence	1,430	740	690	14,760	6,445	8,310
Different than province or territory of residence	55	35	20	4,305	2,040	2,265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	10	20	2,080	1,035	1,045
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	0	10	300	150	145
Philippines	0	0	0	780	370	410
India	0	0	0	150	85	70
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	0	75	35	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	30	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	10	710	360	350
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,240	2,175	2,065	66,765	33,195	33,570
In the labour force	2,310	1,210	1,100	42,785	23,130	19,660
Employed	2,140	1,115	1,025	40,070	21,365	18,700
Unemployed	170	90	75	2,720	1,760	955
Not in the labour force	1,935	970	970	23,980	10,070	13,910
Participation rate	54.5	55.6	53.3	64.1	69.7	58.6
Employment rate	50.5	51.3	49.6	60.0	64.4	55.7
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.4	6.8	6.4	7.6	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,240	2,180	2,065	66,770	33,200	33,565
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,900	970	935	21,325	8,855	12,470
Worked	2,340	1,210	1,130	45,440	24,340	21,100
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,215	725	490	23,860	13,935	9,920
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,125	480	645	21,580	10,400	11,175
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.9	40.7	43.0	43.6	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,310	1,210	1,100	42,790	23,130	19,655
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	30	10	560	325	235
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,270	1,180	1,090	42,230	22,800	19,420
Employee	2,105	1,095	1,010	33,225	16,750	16,480
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	170	90	80	9,000	6,055	2,945
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,310	1,205	1,100	42,785	23,130	19,655
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	25	10	560	325	230
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,270	1,180	1,090	42,225	22,805	19,420
0 Management occupations	185	120	60	8,240	5,725	2,515
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	275	60	220	4,815	995	3,820
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	105	25	1,130	825	305
3 Health occupations	220	30	190	3,350	360	2,990
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	210	40	165	3,700	900	2,800
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	15	520	125	395
6 Sales and service occupations	580	190	385	7,850	2,750	5,105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	355	340	15	7,765	7,330	435
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	90	85	10	3,535	2,810	725
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	215	200	20	1,320	995	325
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,305	1,210	1,100	42,785	23,130	19,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	25	10	560	325	230
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,270	1,185	1,090	42,225	22,805	19,425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	25	0	7,835	5,655	2,185
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	60	0	2,475	2,180	295
22 Utilities	30	15	10	205	175	30
23 Construction	145	120	25	3,345	2,945	405
31-33 Manufacturing	445	385	55	2,210	1,655	555
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	0	1,185	885	295
44-45 Retail trade	310	115	195	4,505	2,065	2,435
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	75	60	20	1,920	1,555	365
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	445	210	230
52 Finance and insurance	55	0	55	1,230	300	935
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	10	30	330	170	160
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	105	65	35	885	365	520
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	25	15	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	10	1,180	600	580
61 Educational services	155	35	120	2,660	620	2,040
62 Health care and social assistance	305	65	240	5,890	700	5,195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	15	20	545	295	250
72 Accommodation and food services	235	80	155	1,970	615	1,355
81 Other services (except public administration)	80	15	60	1,525	810	715
91 Public administration	95	55	45	1,875	995	880
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,140	1,115	1,025	40,070	21,365	18,705
Worked at home	55	15	40	7,230	4,615	2,620
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	45	20	20
No fixed workplace address	165	125	40	4,820	3,960	855
Worked at usual place	1,905	970	945	27,975	12,770	15,205
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,905	965	940	27,975	12,775	15,205
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,405	630	775	15,255	6,560	8,695
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	165	140	25	9,390	4,560	4,825
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	335	195	145	2,995	1,505	1,495
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	335	140	195
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,070	1,090	980	32,795	16,730	16,065
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,560	855	705	27,985	14,655	13,330
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	145	70	75	1,635	685	945
Public transit	10	0	0	145	75	70
Walked	310	140	170	2,480	960	1,520
Bicycle	25	15	10	175	130	45
Other method	30	10	20	370	215	150
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,070	1,090	980	32,790	16,730	16,065
Less than 15 minutes	1,350	635	715	18,025	8,340	9,685
15 to 29 minutes	290	200	90	7,400	3,810	3,590
30 to 44 minutes	105	60	50	4,000	2,245	1,750
45 to 59 minutes	165	110	55	1,425	905	520
60 minutes and over	165	90	75	1,945	1,425	520
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,070	1,090	980	32,795	16,730	16,065
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	240	205	35	3,300	2,380	920
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	385	285	105	6,450	3,755	2,690
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	475	235	245	9,265	4,770	4,495
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	405	100	305	7,060	2,575	4,480
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	205	60	150	2,445	865	1,580
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	360	215	145	4,280	2,380	1,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,475	1,290	1,180	46,740	24,900	21,840
Single responses	2,455	1,290	1,165	46,615	24,835	21,780
Official languages	2,455	1,295	1,165	46,480	24,760	21,720
English	2,410	1,275	1,135	46,440	24,750	21,695
French	45	15	30	35	10	25
Non-official languages	0	0	0	130	75	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	130	70	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	15	130	70	55
English and French	15	0	15	20	10	15
English and non-official language	10	0	10	100	60	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,475	1,295	1,180	46,740	24,900	21,840
None	2,240	1,180	1,060	46,070	24,535	21,535
English	20	0	20	110	65	50
French	210	105	100	60	30	30
Non-official language	10	0	0	495	270	225
Aboriginal	0	0	0	55	25	25
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	440	245	195
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,855	2,440	2,415	81,100	40,570	40,535
Non-movers	4,285	2,145	2,135	71,985	36,150	35,835
Movers	575	290	280	9,115	4,420	4,700
Non-migrants	310	160	150	3,970	1,915	2,055
Migrants	265	135	135	5,150	2,505	2,645
Internal migrants	260	135	120	4,775	2,335	2,445
Intraprovincial migrants	245	130	120	3,645	1,775	1,865
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	1,130	555	575
External migrants	10	0	10	370	170	205
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,690	2,355	2,340	77,125	38,500	38,630
Non-movers	3,120	1,550	1,570	53,020	26,675	26,350
Movers	1,575	805	770	24,105	11,825	12,285
Non-migrants	840	445	400	9,255	4,600	4,650
Migrants	735	365	370	14,850	7,225	7,630
Internal migrants	725	360	365	13,030	6,285	6,745
Intraprovincial migrants	680	335	340	9,260	4,465	4,795
Interprovincial migrants	40	20	20	3,770	1,820	1,950
External migrants	15	0	10	1,820	935	885

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Espanola, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Yorkton--Melville [Economic region], Saskatchewan