Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sault Ste. Marie, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Division No. 10, CDR Manitoba [Census division]
	Data quality , Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	73,368	...	...	11,941	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	75,141	...	...	10,673	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.4	...	...	11.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	34,485	...	...	3,786	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,634	...	...	3,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	328.6	...	...	6.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	223.24	...	...	1,916.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	73,370	35,425	37,940	11,940	6,070	5,870
0 to 14 years	10,460	5,385	5,070	2,655	1,345	1,310
0 to 4 years	3,470	1,785	1,685	815	440	370
5 to 9 years	3,500	1,830	1,665	930	450	485
10 to 14 years	3,495	1,770	1,720	915	455	455
15 to 64 years	46,510	22,740	23,765	7,935	4,040	3,895
15 to 19 years	3,835	2,005	1,830	870	465	405
20 to 24 years	4,535	2,340	2,190	735	395	345
25 to 29 years	4,185	2,110	2,070	610	310	300
30 to 34 years	4,065	1,975	2,090	700	340	360
35 to 39 years	4,010	1,920	2,090	770	385	380
40 to 44 years	4,005	1,920	2,085	835	420	420
45 to 49 years	4,395	2,175	2,220	830	410	415
50 to 54 years	5,690	2,645	3,045	1,020	525	500
55 to 59 years	6,330	2,990	3,340	915	460	455
60 to 64 years	5,470	2,660	2,810	640	330	310
65 years and over	16,410	7,300	9,105	1,350	685	665
65 to 69 years	4,895	2,365	2,535	535	275	260
70 to 74 years	3,655	1,705	1,955	365	195	175
75 to 79 years	2,935	1,315	1,615	245	125	115
80 to 84 years	2,420	1,050	1,370	120	60	55
85 years and over	2,490	865	1,630	90	25	60
85 to 89 years	1,615	625	990	55	15	40
90 to 94 years	680	210	475	30	10	15
95 to 99 years	175	30	145	0	0	5
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.3	15.2	13.4	22.2	22.2	22.3
15 to 64 years	63.4	64.2	62.6	66.5	66.6	66.4
65 years and over	22.4	20.6	24.0	11.3	11.3	11.3
85 years and over	3.4	2.4	4.3	0.8	0.4	1.0
Average age of the population	44.6	43.3	45.9	36.9	36.7	37.1
Median age of the population	46.8	45.1	48.5	37.6	37.3	37.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
Single-detached house	21,215	...	...	3,430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,095	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,320	...	...	115	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,845	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	935	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,555	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,875	...	...	65	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 person	10,595	...	...	510	...	...
2 persons	11,990	...	...	1,365	...	...
3 persons	4,875	...	...	605	...	...
4 persons	3,695	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	1,480	...	...	440	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,880	...	...	10,455	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	62,910	30,040	32,870	9,285	4,725	4,560
Married or living common law	34,840	17,420	17,420	6,355	3,180	3,175
Married	28,635	14,320	14,310	5,650	2,825	2,825
Living common law	6,210	3,100	3,110	705	355	350
Not married and not living common law	28,075	12,620	15,450	2,925	1,545	1,385
Never married	16,285	8,775	7,510	2,265	1,275	990
Separated	2,175	955	1,220	140	75	65
Divorced	4,430	1,830	2,600	240	125	115
Widowed	5,185	1,065	4,120	285	70	215
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	21,305	...	...	3,150	...	...
2 persons	12,185	...	...	1,420	...	...
3 persons	4,565	...	...	600	...	...
4 persons	3,450	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	1,110	...	...	380	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	21,305	...	...	3,150	...	...
Total couple families	17,125	...	...	2,895	...	...
Married couples	14,020	...	...	2,545	...	...
Common-law couples	3,100	...	...	355	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,180	...	...	250	...	...
Female parent	3,280	...	...	165	...	...
Male parent	900	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,120	...	...	2,895	...	...
Couples without children	9,470	...	...	1,270	...	...
Couples with children	7,650	...	...	1,630	...	...
1 child	3,480	...	...	520	...	...
2 children	3,150	...	...	730	...	...
3 or more children	1,020	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,180	...	...	255	...	...
1 child	2,715	...	...	150	...	...
2 children	1,080	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	385	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,180	6,525	7,655	780	445	340
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
One-census-family households	20,645	...	...	3,065	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,205	...	...	1,240	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,435	...	...	1,825	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	330	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,660	...	...	570	...	...
One-person households	10,595	...	...	515	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,070	...	...	60	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	72,285	35,045	37,240	11,940	6,070	5,870
English only	65,115	32,040	33,070	10,470	5,370	5,100
French only	40	15	30	10	5	0
English and French	6,840	2,900	3,940	1,385	655	730
Neither English nor French	285	85	195	80	45	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	72,285	35,045	37,240	11,940	6,070	5,870
English	69,725	33,935	35,790	11,255	5,735	5,520
French	2,190	975	1,215	610	295	310
English and French	95	50	45	10	5	10
Neither English nor French	270	80	195	70	35	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,240	1,005	1,235	610	295	315
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.1	2.9	3.3	5.1	4.9	5.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	72,280	35,040	37,240	11,940	6,070	5,870
Single responses	71,450	34,665	36,785	11,725	5,965	5,760
Official languages	65,075	31,580	33,495	9,660	4,940	4,715
English	62,665	30,520	32,145	9,020	4,630	4,385
French	2,405	1,060	1,350	640	315	330
Non-official languages	6,375	3,085	3,290	2,065	1,025	1,045
Aboriginal languages	80	25	55	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	70	25	45	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	20	40	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	20	40	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,295	3,055	3,235	2,055	1,020	1,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	170	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	210	170	45	0	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	205	160	45	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	5	25	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,030	2,415	2,615	2,005	995	1,015
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	660	290	365	135	65	70
Baltic languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	610	275	340	135	65	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	115	60	60	5	5	0
Czech	15	15	10	0	0	5
Macedonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	260	100	160	20	5	15
Russian	20	5	10	30	15	15
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	65	75	65	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	565	250	310	1,780	880	895
Afrikaans	5	0	5	5	5	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	5	0
Dutch	95	35	55	20	15	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	395	185	210	1,750	860	885
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	140	115	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	230	125	105	40	20	20
Bengali	45	25	15	5	0	5
Gujarati	65	35	35	10	5	5
Hindi	70	45	30	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,525	1,715	1,815	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,180	1,550	1,635	10	5	5
Portuguese	160	75	90	15	5	5
Romanian	15	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	165	85	90	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	10	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	205	100	105	10	5	5
Chinese languages	200	100	100	10	10	5
Cantonese	70	35	35	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	50	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	635	280	355	10	5	5
Estonian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Finnish	520	230	290	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	25	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	830	380	455	215	105	110
English and French	355	160	200	45	25	25
English and non-official language	455	210	245	165	75	85
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	72,285	35,045	37,240	11,940	6,075	5,870
Single responses	71,215	34,525	36,690	11,785	5,995	5,785
Official languages	69,370	33,700	35,670	10,190	5,215	4,975
English	68,835	33,485	35,355	10,015	5,135	4,885
French	530	215	315	175	80	90
Non-official languages	1,845	820	1,020	1,590	780	810
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,835	820	1,020	1,590	780	810
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	80	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	75	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	75	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	10	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,365	575	790	1,570	770	805
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	50	80	30	15	10
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	50	75	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	1,485	730	755
Afrikaans	5	5	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	15	20	1,475	720	755
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	60	55	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50	30	10	10
Bengali	20	15	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	15	5	0	5
Hindi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,060	440	620	40	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	935	375	560	5	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	70	40	30	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	5	0	0
Chinese languages	115	55	55	5	5	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	65	90	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	130	50	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,070	520	550	160	75	85
English and French	160	70	85	30	15	15
English and non-official language	895	445	450	125	60	70
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	72,285	35,045	37,235	11,940	6,070	5,870
None	67,155	32,725	34,430	10,415	5,340	5,080
English	1,125	505	620	970	470	500
French	1,590	660	935	295	140	155
Non-official language	2,365	1,140	1,225	250	115	130
Aboriginal	165	70	95	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,200	1,070	1,135	240	110	130
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	61,445	29,525	31,920	8,310	4,255	4,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,470	28,600	30,870	7,960	4,060	3,890
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,171	40,320	26,750	46,309	58,182	36,468
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,490	28,600	30,890	7,960	4,065	3,900
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,374	36,269	24,924	39,264	48,081	31,730
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,340	25,905	26,435	7,695	3,975	3,715
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,049	36,443	23,154	43,500	56,293	33,897
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,845	20,785	25,055	4,770	1,945	2,825
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,525	8,619	8,423	3,853	4,448	3,842
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,700	22,260	19,440	6,725	3,565	3,160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,839	32,355	26,385	43,597	55,881	34,880
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,240	4,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,365	28,495	30,870	7,955	4,020	3,935
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,143	49,660	35,204	57,041	66,445	47,441
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,380	28,495	30,885	7,955	4,020	3,940
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,913	41,572	30,692	45,081	51,322	38,715
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,225	25,835	26,390	7,705	3,935	3,770
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,717	47,266	32,327	54,816	64,505	44,708
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,640	20,745	24,900	4,780	1,930	2,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,363	9,342	9,380	6,567	6,851	6,374
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,700	22,170	19,530	6,725	3,515	3,205
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,792	43,079	33,926	52,000	62,151	40,861
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,240	4,075
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,705	9,635	8,070	3,795	2,275	1,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,428	65,419	46,603	64,590	69,537	55,737
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,071	68,338	52,402	69,780	77,026	58,944
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	86.6	78.1	93.2	95.2	90.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.5	67.6	60.4	78.5	81.1	74.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.1	13.4	21.9	6.8	4.9	10.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	61,445	29,525	31,920	8,310	4,250	4,060
Without total income	1,975	920	1,055	350	190	165
With total income	59,465	28,600	30,865	7,960	4,065	3,895
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.7	95.8	95.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,280	2,920	4,360	820	305	515
$10,000 to $19,999	10,575	3,690	6,890	970	360	610
$20,000 to $29,999	9,235	3,520	5,715	835	340	500
$30,000 to $39,999	7,985	4,055	3,930	845	345	500
$40,000 to $49,999	6,150	3,045	3,100	800	390	410
$50,000 to $59,999	4,445	2,380	2,070	695	360	335
$60,000 to $69,999	3,300	1,900	1,400	670	370	300
$70,000 to $79,999	2,855	1,795	1,060	535	330	205
$80,000 to $89,999	2,275	1,555	720	455	280	175
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	1,215	730	330	225	105
$100,000 and over	3,410	2,520	890	995	760	235
$100,000 to $149,999	2,695	1,985	705	690	510	180
$150,000 and over	720	540	185	305	255	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	61,445	29,525	31,925	8,310	4,255	4,060
Without after-tax income	1,955	920	1,030	350	190	155
With after-tax income	59,495	28,600	30,890	7,965	4,060	3,895
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.9	96.8	95.8	95.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,535	2,965	4,565	885	320	565
$10,000 to $19,999	11,020	3,875	7,145	1,050	400	650
$20,000 to $29,999	10,800	4,280	6,520	1,045	425	620
$30,000 to $39,999	9,120	4,720	4,405	1,080	480	600
$40,000 to $49,999	6,535	3,400	3,135	985	515	470
$50,000 to $59,999	4,725	2,765	1,960	855	485	370
$60,000 to $69,999	3,545	2,345	1,200	730	460	275
$70,000 to $79,999	2,840	1,805	1,035	480	320	160
$80,000 and over	3,375	2,445	930	850	665	190
$80,000 to $89,999	1,445	1,030	410	285	215	65
$90,000 to $99,999	770	570	205	165	125	40
$100,000 and over	1,160	850	310	405	320	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	61,445	29,525	31,920	8,310	4,255	4,055
Without employment income	19,745	7,265	12,480	1,580	685	895
With employment income	41,705	22,260	19,440	6,725	3,565	3,160
Percentage with employment income	67.9	75.4	60.9	80.9	83.8	77.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,065	5,090	2,970	715	335	380
$5,000 to $9,999	3,410	1,435	1,970	455	195	260
$10,000 to $19,999	5,345	2,250	3,095	725	320	400
$20,000 to $29,999	4,540	1,930	2,610	625	260	370
$30,000 to $39,999	3,770	1,560	2,210	620	260	360
$40,000 to $49,999	3,515	1,535	1,980	550	250	295
$50,000 to $59,999	2,735	1,455	1,280	575	295	285
$60,000 to $69,999	2,070	1,220	850	530	295	235
$70,000 to $79,999	2,200	1,430	765	445	280	165
$80,000 and over	6,050	4,340	1,710	1,485	1,080	405
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	1,315	570	385	245	145
$90,000 to $99,999	1,650	1,060	590	285	195	95
$100,000 and over	2,520	1,970	555	805	645	160
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,020	...	...	109,483	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,831	...	...	89,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,595	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,747	...	...	43,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,608	...	...	37,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	22,040	...	...	3,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,696	...	...	119,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,885	...	...	97,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,661	...	...	123,342	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,346	...	...	97,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,585	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,960	...	...	54,708	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,737	...	...	44,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	22,045	...	...	3,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,768	...	...	134,044	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,526	...	...	105,848	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
Under $5,000	320	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,310	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,510	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,935	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,535	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,585	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,635	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,630	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,475	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,595	...	...	185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,245	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,075	...	...	225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,850	...	...	210	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,590	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,810	...	...	2,055	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,180	...	...	545	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,215	...	...	495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,245	...	...	570	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,170	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	540	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,310	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,600	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,165	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,680	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,845	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,805	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,865	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,635	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,085	...	...	275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,635	...	...	255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,340	...	...	290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,890	...	...	300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,665	...	...	280	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,240	...	...	1,545	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,990	...	...	645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,615	...	...	410	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,635	...	...	485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	21,280	...	...	3,130	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,348	...	...	119,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,201	...	...	97,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,020	...	...	1,215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,404	...	...	100,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,131	...	...	81,248	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,750	...	...	1,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,331	...	...	141,385	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,438	...	...	113,818	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,975	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,609	...	...	70,042	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,160	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	21,270	...	...	3,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,379	...	...	133,868	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,922	...	...	105,627	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,910	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,342	...	...	112,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,868	...	...	87,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,765	...	...	1,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,720	...	...	152,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,557	...	...	121,123	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,995	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,127	...	...	124,707	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,031	...	...	102,526	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,850	5,935	6,915	635	365	265
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,674	31,842	25,472	41,301	47,904	34,272
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,954	29,078	24,292	35,456	39,712	30,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,810	5,890	6,915	620	325	300
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,937	39,198	35,010	52,004	58,562	44,803
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,114	33,577	30,868	42,228	46,805	37,203
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	71,880	34,900	36,985	10,455	5,340	5,110
In the bottom half of the distribution	37,095	17,175	19,920	3,105	1,580	1,525
In the bottom decile	7,645	3,595	4,055	375	210	165
In the second decile	7,625	3,065	4,560	460	215	245
In the third decile	7,450	3,445	4,005	590	300	285
In the fourth decile	7,330	3,525	3,805	675	330	340
In the fifth decile	7,040	3,550	3,495	1,005	525	480
In the top half of the distribution	34,785	17,720	17,065	7,350	3,755	3,590
In the sixth decile	6,850	3,410	3,440	1,235	620	610
In the seventh decile	7,275	3,670	3,605	1,335	685	650
In the eighth decile	7,800	4,015	3,785	1,625	830	800
In the ninth decile	7,715	3,980	3,730	1,665	850	815
In the top decile	5,150	2,640	2,505	1,485	770	715
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	71,880	34,900	36,980	10,450	5,340	5,110
0 to 17 years	12,645	6,495	6,145	2,600	1,330	1,270
0 to 5 years	4,170	2,170	2,005	780	425	355
18 to 64 years	44,010	21,445	22,570	6,625	3,375	3,250
65 years and over	15,220	6,950	8,270	1,230	640	590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,330	4,940	6,390	640	340	300
0 to 17 years	2,760	1,445	1,315	190	105	85
0 to 5 years	1,050	545	510	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	6,860	3,040	3,820	335	185	155
65 years and over	1,710	450	1,260	115	55	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.8	14.2	17.3	6.1	6.4	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	21.8	22.2	21.4	7.3	7.9	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	25.2	25.1	25.4	7.7	8.2	8.5
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	14.2	16.9	5.1	5.5	4.8
65 years and over (%)	11.2	6.5	15.2	9.3	8.6	11.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,895	2,845	3,050	155	85	65
0 to 17 years	1,250	660	590	35	25	15
0 to 5 years	530	285	245	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	4,360	2,085	2,275	105	55	45
65 years and over	285	95	190	20	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.2	8.2	8.2	1.5	1.6	1.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.9	10.2	9.6	1.3	1.9	1.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.7	13.1	12.2	0.6	1.2	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.7	10.1	1.6	1.6	1.4
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.4	2.3	1.6	1.6	0.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	71,880	34,895	36,980	10,455	5,340	5,115
Official languages	71,620	34,820	36,800	10,440	5,335	5,105
English	71,585	34,815	36,775	10,420	5,330	5,095
French	6,885	2,890	3,995	1,370	670	705
Non-official languages	8,250	3,995	4,260	860	405	460
Aboriginal languages	350	125	230	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	330	115	215	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	10	25	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	15	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	290	105	185	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	280	100	185	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,905	3,870	4,035	855	400	450
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	185	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	185	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	205	170	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	35	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	35	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	30	10	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,390	3,080	3,305	715	345	370
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	635	275	365	115	60	50
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	610	265	345	115	65	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	50	65	10	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	270	100	170	25	10	15
Russian	40	10	20	10	0	10
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	100	50	50	70	45	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	680	310	365	480	250	230
Afrikaans	10	10	0	10	10	10
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	10	50	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	525	265	260	460	240	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	205	165	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	370	210	160	30	10	15
Bengali	75	40	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	45	40	0	0	0
Hindi	215	120	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	35	0	25	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	30	0	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,715	2,290	2,420	110	35	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,110	1,990	2,125	10	0	10
Portuguese	235	120	120	35	10	20
Romanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	400	185	220	65	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	25	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	10	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	185	85	95	30	10	25
American Sign Language	105	45	60	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	80	45	45	20	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	120	105	20	10	10
Chinese languages	225	120	105	20	15	10
Cantonese	100	55	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	55	55	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	730	320	405	10	10	10
Estonian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Finnish	605	250	355	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	45	20	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	71,880	34,900	36,980	10,455	5,340	5,115
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	70,560	34,245	36,320	10,225	5,255	4,975
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,635	6,555	6,080	2,615	1,355	1,260
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	57,930	27,685	30,240	7,605	3,890	3,715
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,315	655	665	230	90	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	71,880	34,900	36,980	10,450	5,340	5,110
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	65,290	31,690	33,605	9,850	5,050	4,795
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,230	3,000	3,235	585	275	305
Before 1981	4,840	2,330	2,510	215	105	115
1981 to 1990	275	145	130	90	50	40
1991 to 2000	295	135	160	75	40	40
2001 to 2010	560	260	300	160	85	75
2001 to 2005	230	115	115	70	30	35
2006 to 2010	330	150	185	90	50	40
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	260	125	130	40	10	40
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	360	210	145	20	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,230	3,000	3,230	585	275	305
Under 5 years	985	485	505	65	40	20
5 to 14 years	1,420	735	685	175	100	80
15 to 24 years	1,920	865	1,055	125	45	85
25 to 44 years	1,735	855	875	165	70	90
45 years and over	175	65	115	55	30	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,230	2,995	3,235	585	275	310
Americas	1,050	440	615	140	50	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	10	10	0
Guyana	15	0	15	0	10	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	15	20	10	10	0
Mexico	20	10	15	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	25	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	810	325	485	85	15	70
Other places of birth in Americas	120	55	65	20	10	10
Europe	4,460	2,195	2,265	310	165	150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	55	25	35	10	0	10
France	35	20	20	40	20	25
Germany	370	180	190	95	50	45
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	55	50	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	20	10	10	0	0
Italy	2,180	1,080	1,105	0	0	0
Netherlands	60	20	40	0	0	0
Poland	100	30	75	15	10	0
Portugal	175	90	85	15	0	10
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	15	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	760	345	415	85	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	555	305	250	15	15	0
Africa	70	55	15	30	15	15
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	10	0	0	0
Asia	610	290	320	100	50	50
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	25	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	130	50	80	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	25	10	15	0	0	0
India	180	105	80	25	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	35	35	10	20
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	30	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	260	130	125	45	10	35
Americas	60	25	30	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	160	80	80	25	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	105	60	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,880	34,895	36,980	10,455	5,340	5,115
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,905	3,395	3,510	630	295	335
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,985	5,765	6,225	1,360	655	705
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	52,990	25,740	27,250	8,465	4,390	4,070
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,455	695	755	380	185	200
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	625	325	300	230	115	120
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	270	210	65	65	40	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	360	115	245	170	75	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	700	290	415	145	60	80
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	125	80	35	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	71,880	34,900	36,985	10,450	5,340	5,110
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,120	3,700	4,425	1,115	545	575
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	7,950	3,630	4,320	1,090	540	555
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,310	1,780	2,530	120	55	65
Métis	3,615	1,830	1,785	960	480	480
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	50	40	25	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	80	20	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	63,760	31,205	32,560	9,335	4,795	4,540
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	71,880	34,895	36,980	10,450	5,340	5,110
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,335	1,340	1,995	135	60	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	68,545	33,565	34,985	10,320	5,280	5,035
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	71,880	34,895	36,980	10,455	5,340	5,115
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,680	710	975	135	75	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,630	685	945	115	70	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,290	515	775	20	15	0
Métis single ancestry	330	165	160	90	50	35
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	25	25	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	30	25	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,515	3,665	3,850	1,250	630	615
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,275	3,555	3,720	1,190	615	575
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,360	2,000	2,365	225	120	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,895	1,540	1,355	960	490	470
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	240	110	130	60	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	110	125	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	62,680	30,520	32,160	9,075	4,630	4,445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	71,880	34,895	36,980	10,455	5,340	5,110
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,000	1,080	925	305	165	140
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	485	270	215	55	30	25
Chinese	365	175	190	25	15	10
Black	490	260	230	65	45	20
Filipino	80	25	55	60	25	35
Latin American	75	30	40	20	10	10
Arab	220	175	45	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	10	25	20	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	35	10	10	0
Japanese	35	20	15	25	15	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	35	25	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	60	30	30	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	69,880	33,820	36,060	10,145	5,175	4,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	71,880	34,900	36,985	10,455	5,340	5,115
North American Aboriginal origins	9,200	4,375	4,820	1,380	705	670
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,950	2,655	3,295	315	160	150
Inuit	30	20	10	15	0	10
Métis	3,510	1,840	1,675	1,130	570	555
Other North American origins	23,430	11,150	12,280	3,195	1,645	1,545
Acadian	85	45	40	0	0	0
American	960	435	525	105	50	55
Canadian	22,855	10,870	11,985	3,105	1,605	1,505
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	15	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	58,615	28,410	30,205	8,910	4,510	4,400
British Isles origins	35,375	16,810	18,570	4,850	2,440	2,410
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	0	10	0	0	0
English	20,135	9,395	10,740	2,795	1,420	1,380
Irish	15,755	7,310	8,445	1,655	810	845
Manx	15	0	15	10	0	10
Scottish	15,635	7,550	8,085	2,480	1,195	1,285
Welsh	1,265	590	675	190	100	85
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,400	710	695	215	100	115
French origins	17,130	8,125	9,000	2,090	1,030	1,055
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,130	8,130	9,000	2,085	1,030	1,060
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,105	4,460	4,640	3,550	1,765	1,785
Austrian	345	145	195	80	40	45
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	160	115	50	510	240	265
Dutch	2,095	1,015	1,080	720	355	370
Flemish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,870	3,340	3,535	2,560	1,305	1,260
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	70	50	20	150	65	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,630	2,580	3,050	1,015	510	510
Danish	385	215	170	60	10	50
Finnish	3,650	1,670	1,975	40	20	20
Icelandic	110	25	80	305	145	155
Norwegian	660	315	345	400	230	170
Swedish	1,275	540	730	250	120	130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	55	60	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	7,420	3,585	3,840	2,570	1,270	1,295
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Czech	145	75	70	90	20	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	150	85	60	25	20	0
Estonian	215	125	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	375	175	200	55	25	25
Latvian	65	30	35	15	0	15
Lithuanian	205	120	90	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,875	1,380	1,495	765	390	375
Romanian	165	75	95	35	15	20
Russian	435	200	235	575	290	285
Slovak	200	105	95	50	40	10
Ukrainian	3,660	1,695	1,960	1,490	745	745
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	17,055	8,610	8,445	365	155	205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	690	360	325	10	0	10
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	90	65	15	0	10
Italian	15,670	7,910	7,765	215	105	110
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	100	50	55	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	370	185	190	60	20	35
Serbian	25	0	15	20	10	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Spanish	255	115	145	45	10	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	60	35	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	170	100	65	60	30	30
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	90	45	45	30	15	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	75	50	25	30	15	15
Caribbean origins	330	180	150	45	25	15
Antiguan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	85	50	25	15	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	25	25	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	160	105	60	65	25	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	15	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	30	20	35	0	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	410	245	165	50	20	25
Central and West African origins	140	75	65	25	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	30	35	30	20	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	25	15	20	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	235	145	85	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	180	120	60	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,720	870	855	285	145	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	485	265	220	35	15	15
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	120	105	15	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	10	10	10	15	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	60	100	0	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Syrian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	545	290	255	80	45	40
Bangladeshi	60	35	30	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	375	200	170	75	40	35
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	15	10	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	25	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	10	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	705	320	390	170	80	85
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese	425	185	240	25	15	10
Filipino	110	40	70	80	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	25	15	35	10	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	50	40	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	15	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	35	25	10	10	0
Australian	60	30	30	10	10	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
Owner	22,410	...	...	3,405	...	...
Renter	10,225	...	...	275	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
Condominium	740	...	...	115	...	...
Not condominium	31,890	...	...	3,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,030	...	...	100	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,330	...	...	425	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,335	...	...	1,605	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,865	...	...	1,550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,200	...	...	220	...	...
5 rooms	4,805	...	...	435	...	...
6 rooms	5,205	...	...	635	...	...
7 rooms	4,740	...	...	540	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,680	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,630	...	...	3,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,530	...	...	3,670	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,630	...	...	3,680	...	...
Suitable	31,970	...	...	3,645	...	...
Not suitable	665	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
1960 or before	11,720	...	...	670	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,275	...	...	840	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,675	...	...	430	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,070	...	...	680	...	...
2001 to 2005	615	...	...	275	...	...
2006 to 2010	710	...	...	385	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	570	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,405	...	...	3,495	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,225	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,635	...	...	3,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,915	...	...	1,635	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,290	...	...	2,015	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	430	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,635	...	...	3,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,080	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,830	...	...	445	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,435	...	...	720	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,880	...	...	900	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,015	...	...	795	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,390	...	...	525	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,540	...	...	185	...	...
85 years and over	1,465	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,610	...	...	3,430	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	25,665	...	...	3,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,940	...	...	355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,345	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,400	...	...	3,175	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.0	...	...	67.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.3	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	880	...	...	1,301	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,020	...	...	1,393	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,553	...	...	379,128	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	235,086	...	...	418,932	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,220	...	...	265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.4	...	...	28.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	719	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	786	...	...	787	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,240	4,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,675	5,545	6,135	1,325	760	560
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,435	8,525	9,915	2,375	1,175	1,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,335	15,430	15,905	4,610	2,300	2,315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,740	3,790	950	840	675	165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,085	1,490	595	350	225	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,655	2,305	350	490	450	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,145	6,480	8,665	1,600	685	915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	870	360	515	445	210	235
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,575	4,805	5,770	1,730	730	1,005
Bachelor's degree	7,765	3,335	4,430	1,295	555	740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	805	365	445	160	60	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	205	90	25	15	0
Master's degree	1,430	715	715	220	85	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	285	185	100	25	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,935	18,220	19,720	5,735	2,875	2,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,615	1,795	1,820	445	300	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,850	5,265	5,585	1,565	790	785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,470	11,160	12,310	3,725	1,785	1,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,880	2,305	575	655	510	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,250	885	360	255	155	100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,630	1,415	215	395	355	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,875	5,090	6,785	1,270	560	710
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	585	265	320	340	155	180
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,130	3,500	4,630	1,455	565	895
Bachelor's degree	6,030	2,480	3,545	1,095	425	670
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	590	250	335	125	45	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	140	85	20	10	10
Master's degree	1,055	475	580	195	70	125
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	225	145	80	25	15	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,235	4,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,115	14,065	16,050	3,695	1,935	1,760
Education	2,005	525	1,480	370	85	280
13. Education	2,005	525	1,480	370	85	285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	690	295	395	70	20	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	80	25	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	590	215	370	60	10	50
Humanities	1,195	495	695	165	55	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	10	80	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	320	90	230	35	20	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	295	120	180	75	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	25	30	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	20	0	20
54. History	235	135	100	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	50	25	30	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,580	1,145	2,435	355	110	245
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	60	110	30	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	785	65	715	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	515	180	330	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	20	25	10	10	0
42. Psychology	930	255	675	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	1,115	560	555	140	80	60
Business, management and public administration	5,405	1,705	3,700	895	360	540
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	930	155	770	90	20	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,475	1,550	2,925	805	340	470
Physical and life sciences and technologies	840	450	390	155	85	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	450	230	225	50	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	100	65	65	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	15	10	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	155	95	60	15	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	980	620	360	110	55	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	815	525	290	105	60	50
25. Library science	55	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	75	15	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,360	7,080	275	1,015	975	40
04. Architecture and related services	100	85	10	20	15	0
14. Engineering	645	605	40	85	80	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,720	1,600	125	195	180	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,430	1,415	20	245	250	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,095	2,045	45	370	365	10
48. Precision production	1,370	1,330	40	95	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	820	645	175	415	335	80
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	105	35	395	315	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	680	540	140	15	20	0
Health and related fields	5,815	1,025	4,790	785	75	710
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	435	270	165	40	0	40
51. Health professions and related programs	5,290	690	4,600	735	70	665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	65	25	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,640	1,440	1,195	280	155	130
12. Personal and culinary services	1,170	245	925	140	30	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	940	690	255	90	70	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	505	15	55	55	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,935	18,215	19,720	5,735	2,875	2,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,465	7,060	7,405	2,015	1,085	925
Education	1,335	315	1,025	280	60	220
13. Education	1,330	315	1,020	280	60	220
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	200	300	55	10	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	35	25	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	445	170	275	45	0	45
Humanities	805	340	460	110	35	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	10	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	210	45	160	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	95	125	55	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	65	25	15	0	10
54. History	165	90	75	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	30	15	10	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,860	845	2,015	295	80	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	65	100	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	665	45	625	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	420	130	285	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	15	25	10	0	10
42. Psychology	680	160	520	30	0	30
45. Social sciences	880	425	455	115	60	55
Business, management and public administration	4,240	1,315	2,925	755	295	455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	745	120	625	90	20	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,495	1,195	2,305	665	275	385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	625	330	295	120	55	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	350	170	180	45	30	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	75	45	50	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	100	60	40	15	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	825	510	320	105	50	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	710	450	255	105	50	50
25. Library science	45	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,200	4,965	240	810	780	30
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	465	430	35	80	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,335	1,225	110	160	150	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	955	940	15	190	185	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,470	1,440	30	305	295	10
48. Precision production	895	860	35	80	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	625	480	150	320	260	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	75	25	305	240	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	525	400	125	20	15	0
Health and related fields	4,420	750	3,675	650	55	600
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	210	145	40	0	40
51. Health professions and related programs	3,995	495	3,500	600	50	555
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	45	30	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,025	1,120	905	220	100	115
12. Personal and culinary services	840	165	675	110	0	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	785	575	210	70	50	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	380	15	40	40	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,240	4,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,110	14,065	16,050	3,700	1,935	1,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,330	15,435	15,900	4,615	2,300	2,315
Location of study inside Canada	28,345	13,855	14,490	4,420	2,215	2,205
Same as province or territory of residence	27,305	13,320	13,985	3,880	1,900	1,980
Different than province or territory of residence	1,040	540	505	535	310	225
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,985	1,575	1,410	200	85	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,070	1,080	995	75	40	40
Philippines	10	0	10	15	0	10
India	115	55	55	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	180	105	80	20	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	15	10	10
France	10	0	10	10	0	0
Other	560	320	240	50	20	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,935	18,215	19,720	5,735	2,875	2,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,460	7,060	7,405	2,015	1,085	930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,470	11,160	12,310	3,725	1,790	1,935
Location of study inside Canada	21,410	10,165	11,245	3,555	1,720	1,835
Same as province or territory of residence	20,625	9,755	10,870	3,115	1,465	1,650
Different than province or territory of residence	780	410	370	440	255	190
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,065	1,000	1,065	165	65	100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,560	765	800	60	30	40
Philippines	10	0	10	15	0	15
India	110	55	55	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	30	20	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	290	135	160	45	20	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,315	4,235	4,075
In the labour force	35,295	17,830	17,465	6,120	3,275	2,850
Employed	31,660	15,650	16,015	5,855	3,105	2,750
Unemployed	3,630	2,175	1,450	270	165	100
Not in the labour force	26,150	11,670	14,485	2,195	965	1,225
Participation rate	57.4	60.5	54.7	73.6	77.3	69.9
Employment rate	51.5	53.1	50.1	70.4	73.3	67.5
Unemployment rate	10.3	12.2	8.3	4.4	5.0	3.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	61,445	29,495	31,950	8,310	4,235	4,075
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,460	10,645	13,810	1,795	785	1,005
Worked	36,990	18,855	18,140	6,520	3,455	3,070
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,045	9,865	8,185	3,905	2,355	1,550
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,940	8,990	9,945	2,615	1,095	1,515
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	41.9	42.6	44.7	45.1	44.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	35,295	17,830	17,465	6,120	3,275	2,850
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	450	515	35	30	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	34,330	17,375	16,950	6,090	3,245	2,845
Employee	31,875	15,905	15,970	5,100	2,620	2,480
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,455	1,470	985	985	625	365
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	35,290	17,830	17,465	6,120	3,270	2,850
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	450	510	30	25	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	34,330	17,375	16,950	6,090	3,245	2,840
0 Management occupations	2,715	1,620	1,095	1,070	725	340
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,555	1,250	3,305	880	220	660
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,055	1,645	410	360	295	65
3 Health occupations	3,190	545	2,645	430	45	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,365	1,390	2,975	850	305	545
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	310	345	100	35	65
6 Sales and service occupations	9,320	3,595	5,725	990	350	640
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,510	5,255	250	995	950	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	510	465	45	245	185	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,450	1,305	145	170	140	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	35,295	17,825	17,465	6,120	3,270	2,845
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	455	515	30	25	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	34,330	17,380	16,950	6,090	3,250	2,840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	200	165	35	600	435	165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	175	40	20	20	0
22 Utilities	345	225	115	100	70	25
23 Construction	2,380	2,190	190	565	515	50
31-33 Manufacturing	3,525	3,120	400	400	310	85
41 Wholesale trade	725	570	155	340	270	70
44-45 Retail trade	4,570	2,030	2,535	485	230	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,165	875	290	270	210	60
51 Information and cultural industries	420	240	180	65	45	25
52 Finance and insurance	860	270	590	225	90	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	485	250	240	50	40	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,195	630	565	280	120	160
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,250	1,240	1,015	170	110	65
61 Educational services	2,715	855	1,860	560	155	405
62 Health care and social assistance	5,355	795	4,555	650	75	575
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,190	570	620	155	55	100
72 Accommodation and food services	2,845	1,030	1,815	270	55	215
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,380	695	680	320	160	155
91 Public administration	2,505	1,445	1,055	555	285	270
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,665	15,645	16,015	5,850	3,105	2,750
Worked at home	1,130	510	620	755	460	295
Worked outside Canada	160	60	100	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,885	2,120	765	625	515	110
Worked at usual place	27,485	12,965	14,525	4,465	2,125	2,340
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,490	12,960	14,525	4,465	2,125	2,340
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,405	12,325	14,075	775	325	445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	615	335	285	145	55	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	395	230	165	3,530	1,715	1,810
Commute to a different province or territory	70	65	10	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,370	15,080	15,295	5,090	2,640	2,455
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,200	12,765	12,440	4,655	2,450	2,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,075	820	1,255	180	50	125
Public transit	1,190	480	710	55	40	15
Walked	1,420	685	730	145	55	95
Bicycle	265	220	45	20	15	0
Other method	215	105	110	30	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,370	15,080	15,295	5,090	2,640	2,455
Less than 15 minutes	17,965	8,605	9,360	875	455	415
15 to 29 minutes	10,335	5,255	5,080	1,595	795	805
30 to 44 minutes	1,320	820	495	1,630	860	765
45 to 59 minutes	310	145	165	735	385	350
60 minutes and over	445	255	195	260	145	125
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,370	15,080	15,290	5,090	2,640	2,450
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,735	1,275	460	250	165	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,540	2,855	1,685	1,210	775	435
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,180	3,965	3,210	1,750	940	805
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,440	3,185	5,260	1,085	465	620
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,075	1,090	1,985	335	95	245
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,405	2,715	2,690	465	200	270
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	38,100	19,420	18,680	6,645	3,510	3,135
Single responses	37,920	19,370	18,545	6,605	3,495	3,110
Official languages	37,900	19,365	18,540	6,580	3,480	3,095
English	37,695	19,320	18,375	6,500	3,455	3,040
French	205	40	170	85	25	60
Non-official languages	20	10	10	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	50	130	40	15	25
English and French	145	45	105	40	10	25
English and non-official language	30	0	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	38,100	19,420	18,680	6,645	3,505	3,140
None	36,680	18,960	17,720	6,365	3,375	2,995
English	160	45	120	65	25	45
French	940	295	650	160	85	75
Non-official language	275	110	170	50	30	20
Aboriginal	40	0	40	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	240	105	135	45	25	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	10	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	71,280	34,545	36,735	10,350	5,300	5,050
Non-movers	63,250	30,855	32,395	9,625	4,955	4,665
Movers	8,030	3,685	4,340	730	345	385
Non-migrants	6,290	2,890	3,400	275	130	145
Migrants	1,740	795	940	450	215	240
Internal migrants	1,540	730	810	440	205	230
Intraprovincial migrants	1,330	590	735	355	145	210
Interprovincial migrants	215	135	75	85	60	25
External migrants	200	70	130	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	68,365	33,050	35,320	9,815	4,970	4,845
Non-movers	46,865	22,900	23,970	6,975	3,610	3,365
Movers	21,500	10,150	11,350	2,835	1,355	1,480
Non-migrants	16,110	7,605	8,505	815	390	425
Migrants	5,385	2,545	2,840	2,020	965	1,055
Internal migrants	4,750	2,230	2,520	1,980	960	1,025
Intraprovincial migrants	4,155	1,930	2,230	1,735	820	910
Interprovincial migrants	595	305	290	245	135	110
External migrants	640	315	325	40	10	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sault Ste. Marie, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Division No. 10, CDR [Census division], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sault Ste. Marie, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Division No. 10, Census division [Census division], Manitoba