Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario and Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Thunder Bay, DIS Ontario [Census division]			Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, PE Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario Map : Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	146,048	...	...	3,611	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	146,057	...	...	3,363	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.0	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	72,551	...	...	2,113	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	62,999	...	...	1,646	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.4	...	...	143.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	103,722.82	...	...	25.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	146,050	72,325	73,725	3,610	1,805	1,800
0 to 14 years	21,845	11,330	10,515	500	245	250
0 to 4 years	7,020	3,695	3,325	190	105	85
5 to 9 years	7,440	3,835	3,600	175	80	100
10 to 14 years	7,390	3,800	3,590	125	60	70
15 to 64 years	95,930	47,935	47,990	2,350	1,150	1,205
15 to 19 years	8,055	4,170	3,890	140	65	75
20 to 24 years	9,480	4,875	4,600	140	55	80
25 to 29 years	9,010	4,515	4,490	145	75	65
30 to 34 years	8,345	4,190	4,160	155	80	70
35 to 39 years	8,025	3,935	4,090	230	120	115
40 to 44 years	8,275	4,045	4,225	200	95	105
45 to 49 years	9,380	4,565	4,815	220	115	100
50 to 54 years	11,590	5,730	5,855	320	155	170
55 to 59 years	12,625	6,295	6,335	415	195	215
60 to 64 years	11,140	5,620	5,525	400	195	205
65 years and over	28,270	13,060	15,215	760	415	345
65 to 69 years	9,495	4,760	4,735	330	180	155
70 to 74 years	6,415	3,100	3,315	235	125	105
75 to 79 years	4,805	2,240	2,565	95	60	35
80 to 84 years	3,605	1,575	2,030	55	25	30
85 years and over	3,950	1,380	2,570	40	20	20
85 to 89 years	2,425	945	1,475	35	25	15
90 to 94 years	1,200	375	830	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	290	60	235	5	0	0
100 years and over	35	5	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.7	14.3	13.9	13.6	13.9
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.3	65.1	65.1	63.7	66.9
65 years and over	19.4	18.1	20.6	21.1	23.0	19.2
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.5	1.1	1.1	1.1
Average age of the population	43.1	42.2	44.0	45.9	46.5	45.3
Median age of the population	45.0	44.0	45.9	51.4	51.8	51.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Single-detached house	45,410	...	...	1,510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,560	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	14,350	...	...	130	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,150	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	1,580	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,455	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,015	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	155	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	680	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
1 person	19,770	...	...	460	...	...
2 persons	23,020	...	...	730	...	...
3 persons	9,070	...	...	225	...	...
4 persons	7,415	...	...	165	...	...
5 or more persons	3,720	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	143,085	...	...	3,610	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	124,205	60,995	63,205	3,115	1,565	1,550
Married or living common law	69,270	34,610	34,655	2,120	1,060	1,060
Married	55,170	27,610	27,565	1,175	590	590
Living common law	14,100	7,005	7,090	945	470	470
Not married and not living common law	54,930	26,380	28,550	995	500	490
Never married	34,490	19,215	15,270	625	340	290
Separated	4,225	1,900	2,325	45	25	20
Divorced	7,455	3,415	4,045	220	115	105
Widowed	8,765	1,855	6,910	95	25	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	41,715	...	...	1,155	...	...
2 persons	23,415	...	...	730	...	...
3 persons	8,635	...	...	215	...	...
4 persons	6,850	...	...	165	...	...
5 or more persons	2,805	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	41,715	...	...	1,155	...	...
Total couple families	34,010	...	...	1,050	...	...
Married couples	26,965	...	...	580	...	...
Common-law couples	7,045	...	...	475	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,700	...	...	105	...	...
Female parent	5,865	...	...	75	...	...
Male parent	1,835	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	34,015	...	...	1,050	...	...
Couples without children	18,620	...	...	660	...	...
Couples with children	15,395	...	...	390	...	...
1 child	6,580	...	...	185	...	...
2 children	6,255	...	...	160	...	...
3 or more children	2,555	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,700	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	4,795	...	...	70	...	...
2 children	2,060	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	845	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	27,855	13,870	13,985	590	320	275
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
One-census-family households	40,115	...	...	1,140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	18,025	...	...	650	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,090	...	...	490	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	785	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,090	...	...	495	...	...
One-person households	19,770	...	...	460	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,320	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	144,190	71,505	72,690	3,610	1,805	1,805
English only	131,120	65,585	65,540	70	45	25
French only	240	125	115	1,215	565	650
English and French	12,340	5,625	6,715	2,320	1,195	1,125
Neither English nor French	490	170	320	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	144,195	71,505	72,685	3,610	1,810	1,805
English	138,980	68,980	70,005	310	170	140
French	4,585	2,290	2,300	3,275	1,625	1,645
English and French	160	80	75	25	5	15
Neither English nor French	460	155	310	5	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	4,665	2,330	2,335	325	175	145
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.2	3.3	3.2	9.0	9.7	8.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	144,190	71,505	72,685	3,610	1,810	1,805
Single responses	142,290	70,585	71,705	3,560	1,785	1,775
Official languages	127,475	63,635	63,845	3,440	1,730	1,710
English	122,595	61,210	61,390	250	145	105
French	4,880	2,420	2,460	3,190	1,585	1,605
Non-official languages	14,815	6,955	7,860	120	55	65
Aboriginal languages	1,895	840	1,055	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,885	840	1,050	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	110	35	70	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	20	40	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,775	800	980	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,340	635	710	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	430	165	265	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,915	6,110	6,810	120	55	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	175	120	10	10	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	165	110	10	5	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	260	155	105	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	50	85	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	50	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	270	90	175	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	70	145	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	105	95	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	125	60	65	0	0	0
Tamil	40	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,495	4,060	4,435	110	50	55
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,410	1,030	1,380	15	5	10
Baltic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,385	1,020	1,360	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	280	140	140	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	20	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	955	405	555	10	5	5
Russian	105	45	65	0	5	0
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	160	65	90	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	665	260	405	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,360	645	720	20	10	10
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dutch	375	180	195	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	810	380	435	15	5	10
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	70	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	660	375	290	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	535	305	230	0	0	0
Bengali	70	45	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	65	40	0	0	0
Hindi	125	70	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	50	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	100	50	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	125	65	55	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	65	50	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,910	1,945	1,965	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,055	1,520	1,530	25	15	10
Portuguese	445	225	220	5	5	0
Romanian	55	25	30	10	5	5
Spanish	355	175	185	20	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	45	40	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	5	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	805	400	410	0	0	0
Chinese languages	565	275	290	0	0	0
Cantonese	195	80	115	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	320	170	150	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	235	125	115	0	0	0
Burmese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages	205	105	100	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	2,415	1,075	1,340	0	0	0
Estonian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Finnish	2,225	970	1,255	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	80	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,900	920	985	55	25	25
English and French	460	225	235	30	10	15
English and non-official language	1,385	665	715	5	5	5
French and non-official language	35	20	15	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	144,190	71,505	72,685	3,610	1,810	1,805
Single responses	141,510	70,265	71,235	3,555	1,780	1,780
Official languages	137,345	68,290	69,055	3,525	1,770	1,765
English	135,550	67,415	68,135	305	160	145
French	1,790	870	920	3,225	1,605	1,620
Non-official languages	4,165	1,980	2,185	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	505	245	255	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	500	245	255	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	20	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	475	240	235	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	370	195	170	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	110	45	60	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,660	1,730	1,930	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	85	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	85	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	80	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,090	960	1,130	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	465	185	275	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	460	185	275	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	230	100	135	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	20	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	200	175	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	310	165	140	0	0	0
Bengali	40	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hindi	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	30	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,140	515	625	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	840	370	465	5	0	5
Portuguese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	10	5	0
Spanish	135	65	70	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	485	255	235	0	0	0
Chinese languages	315	165	155	0	0	0
Cantonese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	110	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	165	90	85	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	545	240	300	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	525	235	295	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,685	1,235	1,445	55	25	25
English and French	340	170	160	35	15	20
English and non-official language	2,310	1,050	1,265	10	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	144,195	71,500	72,690	3,615	1,805	1,805
None	133,470	66,500	66,965	3,085	1,555	1,535
English	2,770	1,350	1,425	335	165	170
French	2,565	1,180	1,390	115	60	60
Non-official language	5,260	2,425	2,840	60	25	30
Aboriginal	1,145	500	650	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,115	1,930	2,190	55	25	35
English and French	10	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	15	20	10	5	5
French and non-official language	85	30	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	121,260	59,720	61,540	3,115	1,565	1,550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	117,585	57,995	59,590	3,030	1,530	1,500
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,852	43,177	30,163	39,643	46,848	32,796
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	117,630	57,990	59,635	3,030	1,525	1,505
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,535	38,442	27,696	33,963	40,011	28,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	104,720	52,555	52,160	2,830	1,460	1,370
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,226	40,721	26,832	34,759	41,728	27,584
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,750	40,435	46,315	2,140	1,010	1,125
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,674	7,948	7,511	8,256	8,288	8,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,085	43,240	40,840	2,135	1,120	1,020
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,877	40,394	29,252	31,659	39,603	26,773
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	121,260	59,790	61,475	3,130	1,640	1,490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	117,565	58,025	59,545	3,050	1,595	1,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,707	52,448	37,164	53,274	63,777	41,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	117,610	58,025	59,580	3,050	1,595	1,455
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,789	43,517	32,211	39,383	44,514	33,769
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	104,520	52,495	52,020	2,900	1,565	1,335
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,927	51,153	34,627	49,569	59,347	38,144
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,725	40,485	46,245	2,145	1,050	1,095
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,872	8,845	8,895	8,826	8,584	9,058
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,085	43,280	40,800	2,175	1,190	985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,491	49,386	35,177	50,099	60,199	37,863
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	121,265	59,790	61,475	3,130	1,640	1,490
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	36,750	20,110	16,640	880	470	410
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,236	62,208	48,511	49,819	64,758	40,028
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,853	70,253	53,911	59,069	71,099	45,196
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.4	88.2	81.6	88.2	91.1	83.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.9	70.1	64.9	63.7	65.5	60.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.6	11.8	18.4	11.7	8.8	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	121,260	59,720	61,540	3,110	1,560	1,550
Without total income	3,675	1,730	1,950	85	35	45
With total income	117,585	57,995	59,595	3,025	1,525	1,505
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.1	96.8	97.3	97.8	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,440	6,300	8,150	310	130	180
$10,000 to $19,999	19,150	7,410	11,735	440	150	290
$20,000 to $29,999	16,485	6,715	9,775	405	180	225
$30,000 to $39,999	14,430	6,500	7,930	370	170	200
$40,000 to $49,999	12,965	6,265	6,695	350	185	165
$50,000 to $59,999	10,540	5,630	4,915	270	150	120
$60,000 to $69,999	7,705	4,660	3,045	210	115	100
$70,000 to $79,999	5,725	3,560	2,165	165	95	65
$80,000 to $89,999	4,305	2,680	1,620	115	75	40
$90,000 to $99,999	3,615	2,215	1,405	90	65	25
$100,000 and over	8,220	6,065	2,160	300	210	90
$100,000 to $149,999	6,165	4,515	1,655	185	125	60
$150,000 and over	2,050	1,550	505	115	75	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	121,260	59,720	61,540	3,110	1,560	1,550
Without after-tax income	3,635	1,730	1,905	80	35	50
With after-tax income	117,625	57,990	59,635	3,030	1,525	1,505
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.1	96.9	97.4	97.8	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,975	6,375	8,600	360	150	210
$10,000 to $19,999	20,140	7,830	12,315	480	170	310
$20,000 to $29,999	19,170	7,975	11,200	475	220	255
$30,000 to $39,999	17,255	8,085	9,175	475	230	245
$40,000 to $49,999	15,085	7,790	7,290	415	235	180
$50,000 to $59,999	10,250	6,110	4,140	255	145	110
$60,000 to $69,999	7,115	4,505	2,610	205	125	75
$70,000 to $79,999	5,285	3,285	1,995	115	80	35
$80,000 and over	8,355	6,045	2,315	255	180	75
$80,000 to $89,999	3,390	2,285	1,105	70	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,645	1,245	405	50	35	10
$100,000 and over	3,320	2,510	810	135	95	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	121,260	59,720	61,545	3,115	1,565	1,550
Without employment income	37,180	16,480	20,700	975	440	535
With employment income	84,080	43,240	40,845	2,140	1,115	1,015
Percentage with employment income	69.3	72.4	66.4	68.7	71.2	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,740	6,475	6,265	345	195	150
$5,000 to $9,999	6,520	2,880	3,640	150	65	90
$10,000 to $19,999	10,650	4,615	6,040	320	120	200
$20,000 to $29,999	8,775	3,955	4,825	215	110	105
$30,000 to $39,999	8,280	3,565	4,715	185	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	8,150	3,540	4,610	185	100	85
$50,000 to $59,999	7,025	3,690	3,335	150	80	75
$60,000 to $69,999	5,175	3,145	2,030	120	65	55
$70,000 to $79,999	4,155	2,600	1,560	120	70	50
$80,000 and over	12,610	8,775	3,830	355	250	105
$80,000 to $89,999	3,360	2,105	1,260	75	55	20
$90,000 to $99,999	3,060	1,840	1,220	70	45	25
$100,000 and over	6,190	4,835	1,355	205	150	60
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	63,000	...	...	1,650	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,062	...	...	77,239	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,241	...	...	63,488	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,770	...	...	460	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,093	...	...	41,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,762	...	...	35,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	43,230	...	...	1,185	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,839	...	...	90,514	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,534	...	...	75,456	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,431	...	...	98,720	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,546	...	...	72,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,750	...	...	455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,161	...	...	47,290	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,831	...	...	37,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	43,245	...	...	1,185	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,821	...	...	118,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,944	...	...	86,730	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Under $5,000	740	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	945	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,195	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,460	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,945	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,445	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,745	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,875	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,755	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,655	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,050	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,540	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,225	...	...	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,710	...	...	130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,420	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,295	...	...	560	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,885	...	...	175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,575	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,860	...	...	145	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,980	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Under $5,000	780	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	950	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,240	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,575	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,270	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,820	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,225	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,355	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,270	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,155	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,710	...	...	165	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,300	...	...	170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,730	...	...	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,180	...	...	115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,550	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,880	...	...	375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,305	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,610	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,960	...	...	105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	41,575	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,308	...	...	91,085	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,854	...	...	75,755	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	17,650	...	...	635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,836	...	...	84,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,532	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,585	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,393	...	...	117,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,879	...	...	97,331	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,190	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,706	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,281	...	...	51,328	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	41,645	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,453	...	...	119,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,350	...	...	87,323	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	17,660	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,870	...	...	108,375	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,107	...	...	74,611	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,665	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,844	...	...	137,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,789	...	...	107,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,130	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,385	...	...	66,836	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,227	...	...	55,660	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,740	12,370	12,370	530	295	235
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,078	34,595	30,108	40,256	41,856	37,461
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,408	31,156	27,989	34,475	35,712	32,896
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,525	12,185	12,340	540	320	225
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,363	43,781	36,988	43,931	43,923	43,944
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,606	36,827	32,413	35,081	34,330	36,166
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	143,085	71,040	72,045	3,610	1,805	1,805
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,580	32,470	35,110	1,605	790	815
In the bottom decile	15,060	7,495	7,565	215	110	105
In the second decile	12,805	5,750	7,060	285	140	150
In the third decile	12,710	5,965	6,750	350	165	185
In the fourth decile	13,090	6,290	6,795	350	175	175
In the fifth decile	13,920	6,975	6,940	405	205	205
In the top half of the distribution	75,505	38,570	36,935	2,005	1,020	985
In the sixth decile	14,915	7,380	7,540	440	235	210
In the seventh decile	15,130	7,670	7,455	430	210	225
In the eighth decile	16,285	8,345	7,940	385	205	185
In the ninth decile	16,410	8,530	7,880	410	210	200
In the top decile	12,770	6,650	6,120	335	170	165
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	138,915	68,875	70,045	3,615	1,805	1,805
0 to 17 years	25,195	13,045	12,150	590	290	300
0 to 5 years	8,070	4,225	3,845	230	130	105
18 to 64 years	87,700	43,560	44,140	2,260	1,105	1,155
65 years and over	26,025	12,270	13,760	760	415	345
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	19,190	9,005	10,185	355	165	190
0 to 17 years	4,995	2,620	2,375	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	1,890	1,000	890	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	11,435	5,415	6,020	220	110	110
65 years and over	2,755	970	1,785	65	25	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	13.1	14.5	9.8	9.1	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	19.8	20.1	19.5	11.9	10.3	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	23.4	23.7	23.1	10.9	11.5	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.4	13.6	9.7	10.0	9.5
65 years and over (%)	10.6	7.9	13.0	8.6	6.0	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,350	5,260	5,090	120	70	50
0 to 17 years	2,415	1,290	1,125	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	990	535	460	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,485	3,800	3,680	90	50	40
65 years and over	455	170	285	10	10	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.5	7.6	7.3	3.3	3.9	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.9	9.3	3.4	3.4	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	12.7	12.0	2.2	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.7	8.3	4.0	4.5	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	2.1	1.3	2.4	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	143,085	71,035	72,045	3,610	1,860	1,755
Official languages	142,615	70,865	71,755	3,610	1,855	1,755
English	142,380	70,735	71,645	2,395	1,290	1,105
French	12,520	5,775	6,740	3,560	1,820	1,740
Non-official languages	18,760	8,950	9,810	280	130	150
Aboriginal languages	2,800	1,305	1,495	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,785	1,300	1,485	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	160	60	105	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	145	50	95	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	2,650	1,250	1,400	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,965	960	1,005	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	695	300	390	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,980	7,660	8,320	280	130	155
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	260	195	15	20	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	440	245	190	20	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	410	225	180	15	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	35	85	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	120	40	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	320	110	215	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	85	180	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	60	20	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	50	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	110	55	55	0	0	0
Tamil	45	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,700	5,230	5,465	260	115	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,560	1,135	1,425	25	10	15
Baltic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,540	1,130	1,410	25	0	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	315	180	140	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	35	10	10	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,170	525	650	15	10	15
Russian	155	60	95	0	0	0
Serbian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slovak	180	80	100	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	100	35	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	615	235	380	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,570	745	830	45	20	25
Afrikaans	25	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	85	45	45	0	0	0
Dutch	325	175	155	0	0	0
Frisian	20	0	20	0	0	0
German	1,065	490	580	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	10	10	0
Swedish	65	20	45	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	210	115	100	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	975	555	425	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	785	445	345	0	0	0
Bengali	195	115	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	120	70	55	0	0	0
Hindi	335	195	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	40	30	10	0	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	60	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	190	95	95	0	0	0
Iranian languages	200	120	85	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	20	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	185	100	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,515	2,735	2,780	215	85	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,025	2,030	2,000	55	25	30
Portuguese	555	270	280	10	10	0
Romanian	20	10	10	10	0	0
Spanish	1,005	465	540	165	65	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	75	40	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	70	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	185	110	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	20	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	195	85	115	0	0	0
American Sign Language	105	30	80	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	60	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	880	415	460	0	0	0
Chinese languages	580	275	300	0	0	0
Cantonese	230	100	135	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	335	180	155	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	300	140	160	0	0	0
Burmese	80	45	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	275	125	150	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	2,825	1,235	1,590	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	2,585	1,125	1,465	0	0	0
Hungarian	185	95	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	143,085	71,040	72,045	3,615	1,860	1,755
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	140,230	69,625	70,615	3,550	1,815	1,735
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,505	13,695	12,815	560	270	290
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	113,730	55,925	57,800	2,985	1,550	1,440
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,850	1,415	1,435	60	40	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	143,085	71,040	72,045	3,610	1,855	1,750
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130,405	64,780	65,625	3,380	1,725	1,655
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,710	5,745	5,970	230	130	100
Before 1981	7,695	3,660	4,040	90	55	40
1981 to 1990	990	505	485	35	15	20
1991 to 2000	1,000	510	490	25	25	10
2001 to 2010	1,265	670	600	50	30	25
2001 to 2005	560	315	245	30	20	0
2006 to 2010	705	350	350	20	10	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	760	400	360	20	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	975	515	460	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	11,710	5,740	5,965	230	135	100
Under 5 years	1,930	975	960	45	25	20
5 to 14 years	2,515	1,255	1,260	35	15	15
15 to 24 years	3,170	1,535	1,630	55	20	35
25 to 44 years	3,700	1,805	1,895	75	45	30
45 years and over	395	175	220	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,710	5,740	5,965	230	130	95
Americas	1,425	620	800	25	10	15
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	50	20	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	20	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mexico	55	15	45	0	0	0
Peru	20	15	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	10	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,020	435	585	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	145	75	70	0	0	0
Europe	7,985	3,905	4,080	160	100	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatia	190	115	75	0	0	0
France	100	45	50	100	80	20
Germany	720	365	360	0	0	0
Greece	85	40	40	0	0	0
Hungary	100	70	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Italy	2,255	1,170	1,085	10	10	10
Netherlands	270	125	145	0	0	0
Poland	675	310	360	0	0	0
Portugal	300	155	145	10	0	10
Romania	25	15	15	0	0	10
Russian Federation	55	20	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Ukraine	95	35	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,315	630	685	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	1,620	715	905	15	10	0
Africa	305	200	100	15	10	10
Algeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	15	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	40	35	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	190	105	85	0	0	0
Asia	1,885	935	950	30	15	15
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	115	70	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	240	120	120	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	65	35	25	0	0	0
India	225	140	80	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	125	70	50	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	110	50	60	0	0	0
Philippines	300	110	190	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	15	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	90	35	50	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	465	235	235	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	110	75	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	760	400	360	20	10	10
Americas	145	65	85	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	40	50	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	15	0	0	0
Europe	85	40	35	15	10	0
France	10	10	0	15	10	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	55	30	25	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	460	245	215	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	25	15	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	90	65	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	65	25	40	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	50	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	143,085	71,035	72,045	3,610	1,855	1,755
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	13,075	6,495	6,580	245	145	100
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25,385	12,380	13,005	280	140	140
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	104,620	52,160	52,460	3,085	1,570	1,520
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,205	2,170	2,035	135	75	55
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,725	945	785	85	50	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	740	520	215	40	25	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	985	420	565	45	25	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,575	720	860	45	20	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	885	505	380	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	143,085	71,035	72,045	3,610	1,855	1,750
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	21,755	10,495	11,265	45	15	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	21,380	10,290	11,095	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	17,020	8,255	8,765	10	0	10
Métis	4,330	2,015	2,310	35	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	180	110	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	200	100	100	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	121,325	60,545	60,785	3,570	1,840	1,725
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	143,085	71,035	72,045	3,615	1,860	1,750
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	15,955	7,720	8,240	10	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	127,125	63,315	63,810	3,600	1,855	1,750
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	143,080	71,040	72,050	3,610	1,855	1,755
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	9,645	4,720	4,925	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	9,600	4,690	4,905	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	9,170	4,485	4,685	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	415	200	205	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	20	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	25	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	12,825	6,130	6,700	105	40	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	12,445	5,950	6,490	100	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,815	4,260	4,550	95	40	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,575	1,665	1,905	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	385	175	215	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	335	155	180	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	30	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	120,615	60,190	60,420	3,500	1,815	1,680
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	143,085	71,040	72,045	3,610	1,855	1,755
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,160	2,680	2,480	40	15	30
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,065	590	475	0	0	0
Chinese	775	380	390	0	0	0
Black	745	425	320	10	0	15
Filipino	430	175	260	10	0	0
Latin American	360	195	165	0	0	0
Arab	345	190	155	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	520	230	290	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	175	95	80	0	0	0
Korean	185	100	85	0	0	0
Japanese	275	170	110	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	235	115	115	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	137,925	68,360	69,565	3,570	1,845	1,725
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	143,085	71,040	72,045	3,610	1,855	1,755
North American Aboriginal origins	22,470	10,840	11,630	115	35	75
First Nations (North American Indian)	18,395	8,930	9,460	105	40	60
Inuit	130	55	75	0	0	0
Métis	4,375	2,060	2,320	15	0	10
Other North American origins	35,500	17,865	17,630	2,435	1,220	1,215
Acadian	170	75	95	30	10	20
American	1,465	680	785	45	15	30
Canadian	34,305	17,315	16,990	2,365	1,180	1,180
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	140	85	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Québécois	75	35	40	55	30	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	115,030	56,835	58,190	1,715	930	790
British Isles origins	65,905	32,125	33,780	465	245	220
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	38,070	18,465	19,605	145	90	55
Irish	26,060	12,385	13,675	305	155	145
Manx	30	25	10	0	0	0
Scottish	29,495	14,175	15,320	90	45	45
Welsh	2,520	1,240	1,280	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,490	1,285	1,205	30	20	15
French origins	25,645	12,555	13,085	1,160	650	515
Alsatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	15	0	10	15	10	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25,625	12,545	13,075	1,140	640	500
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,770	10,775	11,005	130	70	65
Austrian	1,055	530	530	0	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	490	275	220	35	10	20
Dutch	5,665	2,820	2,845	20	10	10
Flemish	65	35	30	0	0	0
Frisian	30	10	20	0	0	0
German	15,370	7,545	7,820	75	40	30
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	650	285	370	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25,045	11,960	13,080	15	10	10
Danish	1,560	805	755	0	0	0
Finnish	15,790	7,615	8,175	0	0	0
Icelandic	1,070	500	570	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,700	1,720	1,980	15	0	0
Swedish	6,095	2,740	3,360	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	340	205	135	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	28,885	14,050	14,835	135	55	75
Bulgarian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Czech	355	205	145	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	315	135	180	0	0	0
Estonian	335	145	195	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,200	580	620	20	15	10
Latvian	265	140	120	0	0	0
Lithuanian	245	110	130	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	9,350	4,755	4,595	105	50	55
Romanian	595	210	385	15	0	10
Russian	1,625	830	800	0	0	10
Slovak	2,430	1,060	1,370	0	0	10
Ukrainian	17,655	8,605	9,050	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	22,020	11,205	10,815	210	100	115
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,300	660	640	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	860	435	425	25	20	10
Italian	17,980	9,150	8,830	135	55	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,200	630	575	30	15	15
Serbian	200	105	100	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	365	180	190	0	0	0
Spanish	495	240	260	20	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	315	140	180	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	495	245	255	10	0	0
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	180	80	100	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	50	15	35	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	235	130	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	430	240	185	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	35	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	195	110	85	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	20	25	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	695	315	380	15	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	40	10	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	75	20	60	0	0	0
Chilean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Colombian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	180	90	95	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	60	30	25	15	0	10
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	60	40	25	0	0	0
African origins	865	520	345	35	20	15
Central and West African origins	265	160	105	0	0	10
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	40	30	15	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins	110	70	40	30	15	10
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	20	0	30	15	15
Libyan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	95	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	75	60	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	355	200	155	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	330	180	150	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,505	2,285	2,220	80	45	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	980	520	460	55	40	15
Afghan	45	30	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	205	110	100	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	10
Assyrian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	200	105	95	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	255	125	135	40	25	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Syrian	55	40	15	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	20	30	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	15	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,055	580	470	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	105	65	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	700	370	330	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	55	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	75	35	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,525	1,190	1,335	30	0	20
Burmese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	975	485	485	10	0	10
Filipino	455	185	270	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Japanese	405	210	195	0	0	0
Karen	280	125	150	0	0	0
Korean	185	100	85	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	10	10	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	60	110	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	165	85	80	0	0	0
Australian	75	40	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	25	10	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Owner	45,835	...	...	1,440	...	...
Renter	16,425	...	...	205	...	...
Band housing	740	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	62,995	...	...	1,645	...	...
Condominium	1,945	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	61,055	...	...	1,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	62,995	...	...	1,645	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,730	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	15,690	...	...	450	...	...
3 bedrooms	24,945	...	...	765	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,485	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	62,995	...	...	1,645	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,965	...	...	160	...	...
5 rooms	10,860	...	...	270	...	...
6 rooms	11,055	...	...	305	...	...
7 rooms	8,935	...	...	290	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,185	...	...	625	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	63,000	...	...	1,650	...	...
One person or fewer per room	62,510	...	...	1,640	...	...
More than 1 person per room	490	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	62,995	...	...	1,645	...	...
Suitable	61,170	...	...	1,630	...	...
Not suitable	1,835	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
1960 or before	23,630	...	...	225	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,935	...	...	315	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,060	...	...	325	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,625	...	...	180	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,760	...	...	225	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,480	...	...	230	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,520	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	57,765	...	...	1,545	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,235	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
1 household maintainer	38,870	...	...	965	...	...
2 household maintainers	23,180	...	...	665	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	950	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	63,000	...	...	1,645	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,870	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,935	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,910	...	...	240	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,090	...	...	305	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,280	...	...	480	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,045	...	...	365	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,605	...	...	70	...	...
85 years and over	2,275	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	61,455	...	...	1,645	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	49,970	...	...	1,310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,490	...	...	335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,250	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	45,140	...	...	1,440	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.9	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.3	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	832	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,016	...	...	1,154	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	220,154	...	...	323,638	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,862	...	...	397,879	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,345	...	...	210	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.8	...	...	50.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	803	...	...	872	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	825	...	...	916	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	121,260	59,790	61,470	3,130	1,640	1,490
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,730	13,005	12,725	305	185	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	31,395	15,080	16,315	590	360	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	64,140	31,700	32,430	2,235	1,095	1,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,765	8,685	2,075	420	265	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,680	3,330	1,355	285	145	145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,085	5,365	720	135	115	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,170	12,540	16,630	795	415	380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,345	1,075	1,270	195	70	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,855	9,400	12,460	815	340	485
Bachelor's degree	15,765	6,440	9,325	515	175	340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,440	605	830	75	35	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	640	365	275	30	30	10
Master's degree	3,235	1,510	1,725	195	100	90
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	775	475	295	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	77,495	38,265	39,240	2,065	1,030	1,035
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,385	5,640	4,750	145	100	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,280	9,520	9,760	300	180	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,830	23,105	24,725	1,620	745	875
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,065	5,800	1,265	310	190	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,970	2,160	810	210	100	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,095	3,645	455	100	90	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,390	9,595	12,795	580	285	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,515	690	825	125	40	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,865	7,020	9,835	605	225	380
Bachelor's degree	12,060	4,850	7,220	400	125	270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,080	435	645	40	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	470	245	225	15	15	0
Master's degree	2,640	1,135	1,510	140	65	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	600	360	240	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	121,260	59,790	61,470	3,130	1,640	1,490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	57,125	28,090	29,040	895	550	345
Education	5,070	1,255	3,820	220	45	175
13. Education	5,075	1,255	3,815	220	45	175
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,545	830	710	120	55	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	385	300	90	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,155	530	620	95	35	65
Humanities	2,525	1,090	1,435	140	55	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	25	60	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	800	265	530	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	725	250	475	45	20	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	55	45	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	245	160	85	0	0	0
54. History	450	310	140	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	120	25	100	30	15	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,215	1,795	4,425	240	70	170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	15	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	110	115	30	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,670	190	1,485	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	655	230	425	65	25	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	255	30	230	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,335	330	1,000	40	15	25
45. Social sciences	1,965	895	1,065	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	11,390	3,705	7,685	500	230	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	0	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,285	430	1,860	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,070	3,270	5,795	475	230	250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,060	1,175	890	65	45	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	930	475	450	20	20	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	340	160	180	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	30	0	15	20	0
40. Physical sciences	655	475	185	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	30	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,280	705	575	65	45	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	920	610	310	55	40	10
25. Library science	245	25	225	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	65	40	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,715	14,885	830	410	365	45
04. Architecture and related services	335	235	95	30	20	10
14. Engineering	1,705	1,500	200	50	50	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,430	3,100	330	100	90	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,245	3,215	30	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,600	4,520	75	75	60	20
48. Precision production	2,405	2,315	95	55	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,755	1,315	440	30	30	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	345	220	125	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,410	1,095	320	15	10	0
Health and related fields	11,785	2,160	9,625	260	45	215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	930	465	470	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,660	1,585	9,075	235	30	205
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	190	110	80	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,785	2,790	1,995	185	120	60
12. Personal and culinary services	2,120	570	1,550	55	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,210	890	325	65	55	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,440	1,315	120	65	55	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	77,495	38,260	39,240	2,070	1,030	1,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	29,670	15,160	14,510	445	285	160
Education	3,565	815	2,750	155	15	135
13. Education	3,570	815	2,750	150	15	135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,120	590	530	70	30	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	275	190	90	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	850	405	445	60	25	40
Humanities	1,805	750	1,050	90	30	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	45	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	555	175	380	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	195	355	35	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	35	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	195	125	70	10	0	0
54. History	305	190	115	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	10	60	10	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,865	1,310	3,555	195	55	140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	115	10	100	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	160	75	85	25	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,340	170	1,170	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	575	175	400	45	15	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	215	25	190	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,015	230	780	25	10	20
45. Social sciences	1,455	625	835	45	20	30
Business, management and public administration	8,945	2,830	6,115	355	140	215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	0	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,910	345	1,565	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,010	2,490	4,520	345	140	205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,560	875	690	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	750	390	360	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	110	135	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	20	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	495	340	150	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,045	590	455	60	40	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	780	520	260	50	35	10
25. Library science	185	15	170	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	55	25	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,170	10,515	655	305	275	35
04. Architecture and related services	275	180	90	25	20	0
14. Engineering	1,235	1,080	160	35	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,540	2,280	260	80	65	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,250	2,230	20	70	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,275	3,205	65	45	40	10
48. Precision production	1,605	1,540	60	50	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,385	995	390	30	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	140	115	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,135	855	280	15	10	0
Health and related fields	8,695	1,660	7,030	185	25	160
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	700	335	365	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,845	1,250	6,595	170	20	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	75	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,670	2,165	1,510	145	100	45
12. Personal and culinary services	1,540	405	1,135	30	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	960	680	280	60	55	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,155	1,070	90	60	45	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	121,260	59,790	61,470	3,130	1,640	1,490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	57,125	28,085	29,040	895	545	350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	64,140	31,705	32,435	2,235	1,095	1,145
Location of study inside Canada	60,470	29,780	30,690	2,155	1,040	1,110
Same as province or territory of residence	56,460	27,820	28,640	2,040	970	1,060
Different than province or territory of residence	4,015	1,955	2,055	115	65	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,665	1,925	1,740	80	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,255	660	595	10	10	0
Philippines	165	45	115	0	0	0
India	235	115	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	430	245	185	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	55	30	0	0	0
France	30	20	15	40	35	10
Other	1,465	780	680	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	77,500	38,260	39,240	2,065	1,030	1,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,665	15,155	14,510	450	285	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,830	23,105	24,730	1,620	745	875
Location of study inside Canada	45,640	22,015	23,625	1,570	715	860
Same as province or territory of residence	42,705	20,610	22,100	1,475	665	805
Different than province or territory of residence	2,935	1,405	1,530	95	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,190	1,085	1,105	50	35	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	720	335	380	10	0	10
Philippines	135	35	95	0	0	0
India	145	85	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	95	75	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	75	50	30	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	30	25	0
Other	915	475	440	15	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	121,260	59,790	61,470	3,130	1,640	1,490
In the labour force	73,140	37,550	35,590	2,035	1,115	925
Employed	67,115	33,820	33,295	1,950	1,080	865
Unemployed	6,025	3,730	2,290	90	35	60
Not in the labour force	48,120	22,240	25,880	1,090	530	560
Participation rate	60.3	62.8	57.9	65.0	68.0	62.1
Employment rate	55.3	56.6	54.2	62.3	65.9	58.1
Unemployment rate	8.2	9.9	6.4	4.4	3.1	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	121,265	59,790	61,470	3,130	1,640	1,490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	43,800	20,065	23,735	975	440	545
Worked	77,460	39,725	37,735	2,155	1,205	945
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,365	20,520	16,845	920	505	415
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	40,095	19,205	20,890	1,235	700	535
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	41.8	42.3	41.7	40.9	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	73,140	37,550	35,590	2,035	1,110	925
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,295	780	510	30	10	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	71,850	36,770	35,075	2,010	1,100	910
Employee	66,080	33,235	32,845	1,480	780	700
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,775	3,535	2,235	530	325	210
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	73,140	37,550	35,590	2,040	1,110	930
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,295	780	510	30	10	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	71,845	36,765	35,080	2,015	1,105	910
0 Management occupations	6,135	3,595	2,545	290	185	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,925	2,510	7,420	285	95	190
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,200	3,450	750	145	125	25
3 Health occupations	6,740	1,355	5,385	110	20	90
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,255	3,195	7,065	285	100	185
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,530	630	905	140	65	70
6 Sales and service occupations	16,910	6,950	9,960	425	210	220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,145	11,495	645	250	235	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,090	1,845	245	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,920	1,745	170	65	55	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	73,140	37,550	35,590	2,040	1,115	925
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,290	785	510	25	10	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	71,850	36,765	35,080	2,010	1,105	910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,680	1,285	400	0	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,770	1,600	170	0	10	0
22 Utilities	755	640	115	20	15	0
23 Construction	5,600	4,975	625	150	135	15
31-33 Manufacturing	3,980	3,360	620	260	195	70
41 Wholesale trade	1,700	1,325	375	70	40	20
44-45 Retail trade	8,490	3,990	4,500	225	130	95
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,765	2,950	815	80	55	25
51 Information and cultural industries	1,315	780	535	65	30	30
52 Finance and insurance	1,520	480	1,030	40	10	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	895	525	370	45	20	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,470	1,890	1,580	175	115	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,205	1,270	935	65	45	20
61 Educational services	6,485	1,960	4,525	165	50	120
62 Health care and social assistance	12,270	2,300	9,970	240	35	205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,330	635	695	65	40	30
72 Accommodation and food services	5,575	2,055	3,520	105	75	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,110	1,500	1,605	115	20	95
91 Public administration	5,920	3,240	2,680	120	85	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	67,115	33,820	33,295	1,950	1,080	870
Worked at home	2,725	1,150	1,580	280	145	135
Worked outside Canada	135	85	50	25	10	15
No fixed workplace address	7,370	5,530	1,840	285	205	80
Worked at usual place	56,885	27,055	29,830	1,360	715	645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	56,885	27,055	29,830	1,360	720	645
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	45,970	21,145	24,830	95	55	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,490	4,910	4,580	185	95	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,120	780	335	1,075	565	515
Commute to a different province or territory	300	220	75	0	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	64,255	32,580	31,670	1,645	920	725
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,250	27,290	25,960	1,515	850	670
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,925	1,710	2,220	45	20	25
Public transit	2,205	975	1,225	45	30	10
Walked	3,265	1,475	1,785	15	0	15
Bicycle	680	495	180	15	0	10
Other method	925	630	290	15	15	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	64,255	32,585	31,675	1,640	920	720
Less than 15 minutes	29,610	13,695	15,910	220	135	90
15 to 29 minutes	24,655	12,820	11,835	535	260	275
30 to 44 minutes	6,210	3,525	2,685	290	150	135
45 to 59 minutes	1,475	810	660	250	160	90
60 minutes and over	2,300	1,730	575	345	210	130
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	64,255	32,580	31,675	1,640	920	725
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,045	2,305	740	160	135	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,400	5,050	3,350	290	205	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,050	9,810	7,240	390	195	190
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	18,310	6,770	11,540	360	145	215
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,820	2,740	4,085	245	125	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,625	5,905	4,720	200	110	90
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	79,630	40,740	38,890	2,210	1,235	975
Single responses	79,160	40,535	38,620	2,070	1,145	925
Official languages	79,030	40,470	38,555	2,075	1,145	930
English	78,370	40,235	38,140	185	110	75
French	655	240	420	1,885	1,035	850
Non-official languages	135	70	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	30	25	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	465	200	265	135	90	50
English and French	250	110	135	125	85	45
English and non-official language	215	80	135	10	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	79,630	40,740	38,890	2,210	1,235	975
None	76,520	39,300	37,215	1,285	660	615
English	485	175	315	795	500	295
French	1,730	855	880	135	70	65
Non-official language	845	400	445	0	0	0
Aboriginal	335	125	210	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	510	275	235	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	10	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	141,850	70,445	71,405	3,575	1,835	1,735
Non-movers	125,745	62,590	63,150	3,140	1,610	1,530
Movers	16,105	7,855	8,250	430	225	205
Non-migrants	10,675	5,215	5,460	70	45	30
Migrants	5,430	2,640	2,795	360	180	175
Internal migrants	4,990	2,445	2,545	340	170	170
Intraprovincial migrants	4,040	1,930	2,105	345	170	175
Interprovincial migrants	950	510	440	0	0	0
External migrants	440	190	250	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	136,165	67,525	68,640	3,450	1,780	1,670
Non-movers	93,550	46,550	46,995	2,195	1,155	1,040
Movers	42,620	20,975	21,640	1,255	620	630
Non-migrants	27,860	13,535	14,325	285	130	150
Migrants	14,760	7,440	7,315	965	490	480
Internal migrants	13,150	6,635	6,515	955	480	475
Intraprovincial migrants	10,655	5,280	5,375	930	470	460
Interprovincial migrants	2,490	1,355	1,135	30	15	15
External migrants	1,605	805	800	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Thunder Bay, DIS [Census division], Ontario and Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, PE [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario and Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario and Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay, District [Census division], Ontario and Sainte-Anne-des-Lacs, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec