Census Profile, 2016 Census
York Regional Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	York Regional Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , York Regional Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : York Regional Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,109,909	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,032,524	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	369,928	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	357,084	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	629.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,762.13	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,109,910	540,760	569,150	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	195,575	100,440	95,130	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	57,235	29,210	28,025	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	67,345	34,660	32,680	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	71,000	36,570	34,430	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	752,410	365,525	386,885	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	74,910	38,610	36,295	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	71,965	37,465	34,500	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	63,865	32,140	31,720	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	62,910	30,105	32,800	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	68,510	31,260	37,255	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	81,615	37,885	43,730	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	89,925	42,660	47,265	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	92,235	44,855	47,380	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	80,930	39,135	41,800	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	65,535	31,395	34,140	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	161,930	74,795	87,135	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	56,415	27,155	29,255	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	37,465	17,900	19,570	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	28,670	13,520	15,150	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	20,180	9,160	11,020	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	19,195	7,055	12,140	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	12,215	4,850	7,365	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	5,435	1,780	3,650	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,355	380	980	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	190	45	145	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.6	16.7	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	67.8	67.6	68.0	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	14.6	13.8	15.3	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.7	1.3	2.1	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.9	39.0	40.7	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	41.1	40.0	42.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	357,085	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	227,725	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	36,810	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	92,440	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	21,945	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	43,890	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15,165	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,080	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	355	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	110	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	357,085	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	52,505	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	93,885	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	72,065	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	83,360	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	55,270	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,100,950	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	3.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	914,340	440,315	474,020	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	565,765	281,540	284,225	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	529,195	263,360	265,835	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	36,570	18,180	18,390	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	348,570	158,775	189,790	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	245,890	129,890	116,005	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	18,855	7,110	11,745	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	41,075	14,095	26,980	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	42,745	7,680	35,065	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	319,535	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	119,165	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	81,010	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	88,880	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	30,480	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	319,530	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	275,595	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	257,325	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	18,270	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	43,940	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	35,455	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	8,485	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	275,595	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	93,845	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	181,750	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	66,790	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	85,340	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	29,620	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	43,940	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	25,320	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	14,220	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	4,400	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	104,335	42,125	62,210	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	357,080	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	277,380	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	76,320	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	201,060	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20,350	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	59,350	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	52,505	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	6,850	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,103,285	538,500	564,785	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	967,745	481,900	485,845	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	485	195	285	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	73,200	30,950	42,245	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	61,855	25,450	36,405	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,103,290	538,500	564,785	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	1,023,355	504,990	518,370	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	8,850	3,925	4,925	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	10,020	4,515	5,510	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	61,060	25,075	35,985	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	13,860	6,180	7,680	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.1	1.4	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,103,285	538,500	564,785	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,063,225	519,195	544,030	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	533,450	267,425	266,030	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	525,400	263,835	261,565	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	8,055	3,590	4,470	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	529,770	251,775	278,000	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	50	25	30	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	40	15	25	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	10	20	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	25	10	20	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	0	0	0	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	529,720	251,755	277,965	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	19,725	9,940	9,780	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	15	10	5	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	10	5	5	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	325	140	185	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	0	0	0	805	455	350
Oromo	25	15	10	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	295	125	170	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	365	195	170
Semitic languages	19,375	9,785	9,590	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	205	90	110	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	10,465	5,225	5,245	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,725	835	895	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	505	260	250	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	50	20	30	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	5,790	3,060	2,735	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	370	170	190	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	140	65	75	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	130	60	70	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,975	3,590	4,385	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,255	595	655	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	6,715	2,990	3,725	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	15,610	5,765	9,845	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	40	15	20	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	375	135	240	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	5	0	5	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	180	60	120	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	835	325	505	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	5	0	5	1,430	665	760
Malay	815	365	450	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	80	35	45	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	35	20	20	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	13,160	4,770	8,390	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	30	15	15	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	480	240	245	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	345	170	170	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	135	70	65	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	23,920	11,585	12,335	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	215	115	100	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	1,440	710	735	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	21,550	10,410	11,140	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	705	350	355	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	238,550	114,865	123,690	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,440	705	730	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	3,435	1,680	1,750	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	52,545	24,580	27,965	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	630	250	380	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	250	90	160	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	380	160	225	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	51,910	24,330	27,585	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	110	50	60	810	385	430
Bosnian	140	70	75	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	765	365	400	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	1,155	550	610	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	435	190	245	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	2,635	1,255	1,385	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	4,405	2,010	2,390	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	37,315	17,570	19,745	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,540	780	765	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	170	90	75	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	425	180	250	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	450	205	245	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	2,295	1,000	1,295	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	45	25	25	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	1,090	540	550
Welsh	20	15	15	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	7,870	3,615	4,250	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	165	75	90	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	275	135	145	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	1,460	690	770	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	20	5	10	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	4,745	2,175	2,575	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	15	0	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	40	15	25	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	140	55	80	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	15	15	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	970	440	530	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	525	280	240
Greek	7,470	3,630	3,840	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	82,580	40,815	41,765	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	43,850	21,550	22,300	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	1,580	815	770	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	9,470	4,595	4,880	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	5,295	2,575	2,720	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	40	20	20	565	300	265
Konkani	170	80	95	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	435	210	225	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	125	60	65	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	20	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	9,750	4,870	4,880	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	1,345	645	700	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	990	465	525	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	14,615	7,200	7,410	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	38,475	19,130	19,340	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	710	380	330	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	605	295	310	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	37,160	18,455	18,705	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	83,175	39,815	43,360	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	20	10	10	865	440	425
Italian	54,680	26,405	28,280	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	7,440	3,475	3,965	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	6,560	3,115	3,445	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	14,440	6,795	7,640	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	720	380	340
Japanese	1,165	425	740	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	185	105	85	1,715	910	805
Georgian	185	100	85	1,715	910	805
Korean	12,955	6,155	6,805	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	20	10	10	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	20	10	10	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	1,410	680	730	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	380	185	200	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	5	5	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	40	20	20	1,670	770	900
Ewe	40	20	20	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	10	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	30	15	15	920	445	470
Ganda	30	10	15	1,295	625	665
Igbo	145	65	75	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	10	0	5	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	35	15	20	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	270	125	145	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	0	0	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	225	120	100	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	170	80	90	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	15	15	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	0	0	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	150	85	65	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	25	10	15	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	125	70	55	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	199,205	94,330	104,875	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	198,980	94,220	104,755	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	108,680	51,650	57,030	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	2,980	1,395	1,585	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	78,965	37,350	41,615	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	275	125	145	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,620	1,685	1,930	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,795	805	990	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,610	1,180	1,425	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	230	110	120	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	170	75	95	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	35	20	15	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,030	435	595	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	755	355	400	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	265	75	190	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	80	35	55
Turkic languages	3,230	1,660	1,565	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	585	320	270	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	2,420	1,240	1,185	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	15	10	5	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	100	45	55	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	3,985	1,820	2,170	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	335	140	190	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	575	240	330	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	3,080	1,440	1,640	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	40,060	19,305	20,760	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	2,110	975	1,135	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	35,880	17,405	18,475	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	865	395	470	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	1,210	530	675	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,103,285	538,500	564,785	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,004,040	490,600	513,435	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	687,870	340,820	347,045	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	684,910	339,505	345,400	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	2,955	1,315	1,640	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	316,175	149,785	166,390	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	5	0	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	316,155	149,775	166,380	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,110	4,440	4,675	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	5	5	5	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	0	0	5	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	165	70	95	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	15	10	5	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	150	65	85	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	85	95
Semitic languages	8,935	4,360	4,580	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	65	30	35	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	4,660	2,225	2,435	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,030	465	565	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	275	135	140	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	15	10	10	735	335	400
Hebrew	2,700	1,420	1,280	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	55	25	30	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	65	30	35	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	75	30	45	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,490	2,030	2,460	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	720	315	410	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	3,770	1,710	2,055	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	5,830	2,490	3,340	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	5	5	5	290	140	155
Cebuano	120	50	70	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	50	15	30	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	295	125	170	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	5	5	0	435	220	210
Malay	295	155	140	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	5	15	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,020	2,115	2,900	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	245	125	125	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	190	90	100	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	15,295	7,210	8,085	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	70	35	35	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	635	310	325	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	14,250	6,705	7,545	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	330	160	170	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	114,395	54,195	60,200	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	665	325	340	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	1,780	855	930	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	29,765	14,150	15,620	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	175	85	95	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	50	25	25	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	125	60	65	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	29,590	14,070	15,520	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	35	15	20	230	105	120
Bosnian	50	30	25	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	360	160	200	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	295	135	160	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	75	35	40	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	890	405	480	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	1,545	745	800	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	24,540	11,685	12,850	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	690	345	345	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	25	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	110	50	60	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	85	35	45	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	850	390	465	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	670	310	360
Celtic languages	5	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	185	105	80
Welsh	5	5	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	795	370	420	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	45	20	25	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	15	10	10	855	410	445
Dutch	80	40	40	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	565	260	300	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	5	5	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	5	0	345	145	200
Swedish	30	15	10	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	60	30	30	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	2,310	1,080	1,230	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	49,730	24,030	25,705	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	23,260	11,140	12,120	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	830	410	420	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	5,085	2,360	2,725	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	2,420	1,165	1,255	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	15	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	30	15	15	720	355	370
Marathi	170	80	85	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	70	35	35	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	20	10	10	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,365	2,610	2,760	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	465	215	250	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	420	195	225	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	8,370	4,045	4,325	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	26,365	12,835	13,530	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	350	185	165	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	310	145	165	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	25,705	12,500	13,205	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	110	55	55	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	29,345	13,385	15,965	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	10	5	5	355	165	190
Italian	16,485	7,255	9,225	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	2,320	1,110	1,210	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	3,365	1,575	1,785	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	7,165	3,430	3,735	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	180	85	95
Japanese	535	235	300	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	90	55	35	1,040	565	475
Georgian	90	55	35	1,035	565	475
Korean	9,210	4,440	4,775	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	15	10	5	910	440	470
Mongolian	15	10	5	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	355	155	205	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	145	60	85	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	5	5	5	415	175	240
Ewe	10	5	5	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	825	400	425
Ga	10	5	5	250	105	140
Ganda	5	5	0	345	160	185
Igbo	35	15	25	1,000	485	510
Lingala	5	5	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	1,530	670	865
Shona	10	5	5	1,035	475	560
Swahili	65	25	35	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	5	5	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	35	15	20	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	5	5	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	240	135	105	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	45	20	30	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	75	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	152,975	72,665	80,310	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	152,870	72,620	80,250	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	83,405	39,260	44,150	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	1,285	600	690	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	63,770	30,715	33,060	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	80	35	45	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,505	695	815	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,125	540	580	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,675	770	905	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	105	45	60	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	75	35	45	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	0	0	0	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	20	10	10	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	440	215	225	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	360	180	185	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	75	35	40	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	1,680	830	850	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	255	130	125	1,245	640	610
Turkish	1,350	660	690	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	10	0	5	610	315	290
Uzbek	25	15	10	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	455	230	225
Uralic languages	1,225	545	670	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	70	30	40	975	365	610
Finnish	125	55	65	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,030	465	565	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	99,250	47,895	51,350	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	1,770	820	945	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	95,380	46,190	49,190	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	285	120	165	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	1,815	770	1,050	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,103,285	538,500	564,790	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	817,470	401,410	416,065	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	125,865	61,690	64,175	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	7,615	3,195	4,420	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	147,335	69,965	77,370	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	45	20	20	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	147,290	69,945	77,350	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	780	345	435	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	2,665	1,290	1,380	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	1,510	595	915	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	40	15	20	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	859,850	414,745	445,100	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,994	39,340	28,446	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	860,030	414,795	445,230	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,288	35,405	26,477	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	778,115	383,045	395,070	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,297	40,255	27,763	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	606,580	265,135	341,445	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,953	903	3,232	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	649,045	328,720	320,325	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,290	42,476	31,343	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	905,545	437,285	468,255	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	859,565	414,630	444,930	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,867	60,882	41,534	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	859,730	414,680	445,045	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,049	47,768	34,789	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	777,375	383,015	394,365	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,547	62,198	41,204	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	607,260	265,615	341,640	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,013	5,350	6,529	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	649,045	328,905	320,135	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,177	61,657	42,437	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	905,545	437,285	468,260	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	319,420	178,475	140,940	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	59,914	65,701	53,923	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	75,216	84,288	63,728	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.6	94.4	87.9	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.6	80.6	73.5	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.4	5.6	12.1	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	905,545	437,285	468,260	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	45,695	22,545	23,155	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	859,845	414,745	445,105	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.0	94.8	95.1	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	153,565	67,250	86,315	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	149,160	63,110	86,055	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	101,740	43,910	57,830	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	79,290	35,225	44,060	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	71,465	32,350	39,110	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	58,745	27,995	30,745	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	48,305	24,785	23,520	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	39,365	21,230	18,135	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	33,205	18,765	14,445	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	30,600	16,375	14,225	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	94,415	63,755	30,660	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	60,710	38,970	21,740	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	33,700	24,785	8,915	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	45,515	22,490	23,025	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	860,030	414,795	445,230	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	94.9	95.1	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	156,580	68,235	88,345	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	154,940	65,800	89,135	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	115,705	50,275	65,430	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	94,875	42,500	52,370	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	83,675	39,445	44,230	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	65,245	33,265	31,980	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	50,870	28,300	22,575	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	43,065	23,825	19,245	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	95,080	63,160	31,915	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	29,760	17,415	12,345	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	17,845	11,680	6,165	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	47,470	34,065	13,405	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	256,500	108,570	147,930	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	649,045	328,720	320,330	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	71.7	75.2	68.4	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	79,430	36,680	42,750	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	54,125	24,350	29,775	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	88,210	41,275	46,935	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	65,170	29,430	35,745	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	58,210	26,065	32,150	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	54,060	24,715	29,345	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	45,970	22,510	23,460	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	38,615	20,145	18,470	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	32,125	17,875	14,250	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	133,125	85,670	47,455	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	28,400	16,350	12,045	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	27,645	14,705	12,940	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	77,085	54,610	22,470	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	357,080	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,776	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,804	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	52,500	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,454	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,026	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	304,580	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,385	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,578	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	122,446	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,832	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	52,565	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,702	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,180	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	304,520	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	133,622	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,921	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	5,505	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,450	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,325	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,965	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,360	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,455	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,980	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	11,085	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10,920	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,870	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	21,210	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20,700	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20,190	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	19,530	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	19,170	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	170,370	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	42,390	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	34,230	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,395	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	48,355	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,055	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,525	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,435	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,330	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,155	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,375	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,275	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,625	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	13,085	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,925	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25,785	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25,055	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	24,930	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	23,930	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	21,955	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	139,640	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	46,615	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	33,530	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	59,490	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	301,820	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,298	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,633	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	73,975	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,225	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,066	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	181,790	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,337	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,763	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	37,465	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,186	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,183	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	301,660	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,766	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,111	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	74,010	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,111	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,059	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	181,560	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	151,941	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,411	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	37,470	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,761	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,120	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	73,925	32,620	41,305	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,437	36,813	31,250	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,558	33,044	28,942	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	73,925	32,525	41,400	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	49,689	54,146	46,187	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	40,315	43,053	38,164	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,100,950	537,640	563,310	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	445,670	212,485	233,185	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	91,175	43,965	47,210	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	89,320	41,370	47,955	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	86,835	41,195	45,640	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	85,945	41,350	44,595	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	92,395	44,610	47,780	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	655,280	325,155	330,125	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	99,705	48,695	51,015	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	111,205	54,600	56,600	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	127,465	62,975	64,485	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	148,530	73,995	74,535	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	168,380	84,890	83,490	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,100,690	537,520	563,165	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	240,140	123,460	116,680	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	69,750	35,665	34,085	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	705,355	341,145	364,210	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	155,195	72,915	82,275	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	132,450	63,055	69,390	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	34,050	17,765	16,285	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	10,015	5,240	4,780	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	80,575	37,705	42,870	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	17,825	7,585	10,240	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.7	12.3	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.4	14.0	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	14.7	14.0	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.1	11.8	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	11.5	10.4	12.4	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	101,265	48,450	52,815	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	25,495	13,300	12,195	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	7,470	3,935	3,535	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	65,660	30,995	34,660	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	10,115	4,155	5,960	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.0	9.4	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.8	10.5	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.7	11.0	10.4	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.1	9.5	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	6.5	5.7	7.2	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,039,185	512,470	526,720	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,038,690	512,245	526,445	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	73,385	30,930	42,455	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	642,380	306,045	336,335	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	130	60	65	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	115	55	60	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	10	10	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	10	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	45	55	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	95	45	55	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	0	0	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	0	0	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	10	0	10	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	642,250	305,985	336,270	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,690	18,525	18,170	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	35	15	20	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	0	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	455	205	255	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	0	0	0	1,085	625	470
Oromo	55	30	25	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	400	175	230	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	480	220	265
Semitic languages	36,240	18,315	17,920	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	450	225	230	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	15,335	7,735	7,600	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	2,080	970	1,105	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	585	320	265	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	55	30	25	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	18,265	9,320	8,940	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	545	275	265	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	175	75	95	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	55	105	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	11,405	5,055	6,355	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,650	785	865	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	9,805	4,290	5,510	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	20,200	7,415	12,780	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	35	10	25	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	510	190	320	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	15	15	10	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	125	50	70	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	1,150	450	695	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	25	15	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	1,220	535	685	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	100	45	55	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	25	15	10	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	18,455	6,690	11,765	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	35	15	20	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	155	55	100	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	1,365	675	690	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	790	400	395	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	560	275	285	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	31,440	15,325	16,115	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	370	175	195	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	1,955	930	1,025	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	28,445	13,885	14,565	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	1,210	605	610	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	307,865	148,660	159,205	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,645	820	830	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	3,950	1,900	2,050	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	60,455	28,650	31,805	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	890	385	505	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	390	170	220	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	500	220	280	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	60,060	28,500	31,565	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	290	145	140	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	240	110	135	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	850	385	465	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	1,710	790	920	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	545	250	295	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	3,945	1,940	2,005	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	5,165	2,410	2,755	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	44,785	21,215	23,570	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	1,935	1,010	925	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	245	140	105	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	530	210	320	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	565	285	280	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	4,870	2,265	2,605	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	170	80	85	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	95	45	55	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	40	20	20	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	13,665	6,425	7,240	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	1,150	570	580	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	300	140	160	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	2,055	880	1,175	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	20	10	15	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	8,225	3,900	4,325	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	10	0	10	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	180	95	85	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	330	150	180	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	20	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	1,785	880	905	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	11,310	5,540	5,770	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	106,865	52,795	54,070	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	62,205	30,850	31,360	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	2,220	1,140	1,085	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	13,010	6,225	6,785	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	20,875	10,240	10,635	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	40	20	15	905	490	420
Konkani	410	200	205	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	825	450	370	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	210	95	110	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	95	40	55	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,015	8,710	8,310	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	2,085	940	1,150	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,125	1,100	1,030	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	22,885	11,505	11,380	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	45,295	22,260	23,035	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	1,235	670	570	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	680	365	310	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	44,025	21,595	22,435	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	470	245	225	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	116,680	55,850	60,830	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	30	20	15	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	78,395	37,685	40,715	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	9,885	4,690	5,195	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	7,695	3,640	4,055	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	24,520	11,640	12,885	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,525	1,115	1,410	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	260	125	135	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	260	125	130	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	15,245	7,265	7,980	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	45	15	30	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	50	15	30	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	3,320	1,675	1,645	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	670	340	330	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	30	25	10	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	50	25	20	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	45	20	25	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	0	15	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	30	20	15	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	50	30	15	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	235	85	150	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	60	30	25	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	10	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	70	25	40	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	1,300	680	620	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	15	0	10	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	450	230	225	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	460	235	225	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	25	30	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	0	0	0	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	35	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	700	270	430	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	340	115	230	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	365	155	210	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	224,860	106,865	117,995	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	224,690	106,800	117,895	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	133,810	63,235	70,575	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	3,480	1,585	1,895	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	115,265	53,825	61,440	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	180	55	120	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,300	1,930	2,375	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,515	1,180	1,330	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,870	1,350	1,520	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	245	110	135	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	190	85	105	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	0	0	0	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	35	15	20	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,285	545	745	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	915	425	490	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	435	145	285	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	115	50	65
Turkic languages	5,495	2,785	2,705	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	1,030	530	500	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	4,370	2,195	2,175	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	0	0	10	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	120	60	65	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	105	60	45	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	4,815	2,220	2,590	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	525	235	285	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	700	300	405	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	3,600	1,685	1,915	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	200	100	95	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	993,335	488,255	505,080	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	227,510	116,845	110,665	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	765,825	371,410	394,415	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	107,615	49,390	58,225	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,100,950	537,640	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	570,710	287,520	283,190	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	515,225	243,380	271,850	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	119,395	57,695	61,700	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	75,150	36,255	38,890	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	139,810	66,135	73,685	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	129,465	59,915	69,550	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	72,605	33,845	38,760	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	56,860	26,075	30,785	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	51,405	23,385	28,025	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	15,015	6,745	8,270	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	515,230	243,380	271,845	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	43,280	21,550	21,740	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	84,305	42,520	41,785	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	111,620	50,505	61,115	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	218,680	102,960	115,715	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	57,340	25,850	31,490	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	515,230	243,380	271,850	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	42,700	19,665	23,035	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	1,165	560	605	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,850	875	975	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	985	450	535	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	6,900	3,120	3,780	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	135	70	65	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	8,655	3,830	4,830	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	1,060	465	590	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	1,160	525	635	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	3,870	1,845	2,025	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	7,420	3,340	4,080	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	9,495	4,590	4,905	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	119,590	56,995	62,595	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	585	315	270	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	930	415	515	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	720	340	380	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	3,660	1,630	2,030	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	4,770	2,475	2,295	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	1,715	770	945	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	785	370	415	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	36,035	17,745	18,290	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	1,355	650	700	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	3,730	1,640	2,095	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	4,710	2,225	2,480	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	6,285	2,955	3,335	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	13,820	6,185	7,635	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	485	560	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	9,910	4,720	5,190	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	14,900	7,050	7,845	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	14,645	7,030	7,615	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	20,930	10,265	10,665	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	80	20	55	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	3,970	2,020	1,950	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	405	215	190	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	2,100	980	1,120	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	1,010	525	490	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,105	490	615	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	350	135	220	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	3,925	1,935	1,990	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	7,980	3,945	4,035	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	331,090	156,020	175,070	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	3,895	1,970	1,925	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	1,325	690	640	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	99,195	45,735	53,460	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	50,850	24,260	26,590	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	28,625	13,940	14,685	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	32,620	16,020	16,600	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	4,675	2,320	2,355	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	815	295	520	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	11,335	5,420	5,910	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	2,185	1,075	1,110	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	12,885	6,350	6,535	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	18,175	7,065	11,115	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	19,550	9,455	10,090	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	805	415	390	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	4,530	1,985	2,540	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	11,300	4,975	6,330	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	28,320	14,050	14,275	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	920	430	490	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	51,405	23,385	28,020	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	3,075	1,470	1,600	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	210	80	130	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	125	45	75	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	85	55	40	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	15	10	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	325	140	180	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	210	115	95	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,140	570	570	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	130	50	75	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	840	405	435	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	4,260	1,965	2,295	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	55	35	20	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	105	65	35	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	50	35	15	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	305	150	160	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	255	85	170	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	1,045	375	665	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	885	435	445	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	460	280	180	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	1,095	500	595	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	1,625	805	810	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	10	0	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	30	10	30	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	15	0	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	40	25	15	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	635	290	345	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	0	0	0	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	10	10	10	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	35	15	20	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	165	75	90	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	0	0	0	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	180	85	95	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	15	10	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	500	280	220	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	42,380	19,100	23,270	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	350	165	180	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	165	75	90	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	20,040	9,045	10,995	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	990	385	610	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	2,620	1,235	1,380	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,970	3,320	3,655	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	585	280	305	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	850	460	390	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	105	30	80	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,255	600	655	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	110	50	65	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	60	25	25	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	1,990	920	1,070	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	3,010	955	2,055	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	115	80	40	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	930	445	490	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	175	110	70	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	215	105	105	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	160	85	75	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	255	115	145	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	290	105	185	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	1,125	515	610	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	80	40	40	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	50	20	25	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	30	15	15	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	535,435	252,745	282,690	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	326,965	166,205	160,765	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	238,550	118,695	119,855	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	403,230	189,320	213,910	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	227,185	112,890	114,300	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	87,045	57,480	29,570	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	140,145	55,410	84,730	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	119,090	46,660	72,430	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	50,290	26,670	23,620	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	6,665	3,100	3,570	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	5,915	2,830	3,085	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	5,530	2,630	2,905	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	3,380	1,600	1,780	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	2,075	985	1,085	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	80	45	40	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	150	75	75	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	230	125	110	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,095,040	534,815	560,220	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,100,950	537,640	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	1,995	940	1,060	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,098,955	536,700	562,250	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	925	425	500	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	905	405	500	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	660	320	335	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	235	80	160	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	20	15	10	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	15	10	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	9,005	4,400	4,600	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	8,815	4,280	4,535	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,635	3,285	3,350	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,060	945	1,115	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	55	65	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	185	115	75	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	75	65	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,091,025	532,820	558,200	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,100,950	537,645	563,310	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	541,200	262,025	279,170	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	116,695	58,375	58,325	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	244,320	117,805	126,525	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	27,780	13,380	14,395	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	25,865	10,660	15,210	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	13,650	6,500	7,155	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	13,105	6,685	6,420	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	14,050	6,545	7,500	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	41,740	20,645	21,090	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	16,960	8,195	8,755	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	2,755	1,325	1,430	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	7,310	3,545	3,755	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	16,985	8,365	8,620	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	559,755	275,615	284,135	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,100,950	537,640	563,310	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	9,930	4,820	5,105	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,480	3,715	3,760	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	165	100	70	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	2,485	1,140	1,345	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	130,745	65,260	65,485	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	445	190	255	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	7,185	3,510	3,675	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	125,575	62,780	62,795	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	485	275	210	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	75	50	30	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	55	20	35	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	150	60	85	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	10	0	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	523,250	256,655	266,600	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	196,580	96,120	100,455	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	90	45	40	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	15	0	15	1,975	995	975
English	116,755	56,990	59,765	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	78,645	37,760	40,890	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	155	75	80	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	81,160	39,185	41,975	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	7,845	3,840	4,005	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,970	7,520	8,455	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	34,660	16,475	18,180	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	35	15	25	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	0	0	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	0	0	10	1,750	950	805
French	34,620	16,465	18,160	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	63,450	31,105	32,345	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	5,535	2,780	2,755	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	15	10	10	940	485	455
Belgian	1,410	630	780	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	16,530	8,035	8,500	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	115	60	55	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	30	25	0	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	42,540	20,880	21,660	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	50	30	20	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	2,480	1,215	1,265	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	105	50	60	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,060	4,660	5,400	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	2,245	1,115	1,125	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	2,940	1,290	1,650	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	525	280	245	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	2,150	970	1,180	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	2,280	975	1,315	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	500	250	255	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	120,035	58,300	61,740	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,565	770	800	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	2,850	1,355	1,495	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	2,255	1,140	1,115	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,005	495	505	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	1,305	595	710	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	10,340	5,105	5,235	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	2,010	925	1,085	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	4,210	2,165	2,040	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	1,455	780	675	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	39,255	19,410	19,845	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	12,780	6,275	6,510	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	47,550	22,700	24,850	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	1,740	815	930	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	26,070	12,855	13,220	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,595	740	855	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	220,920	109,775	111,145	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	2,020	1,015	1,005	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	350	165	185	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	15	15	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,925	1,950	1,975	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	585	285	300	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	21,445	10,815	10,630	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	159,470	79,565	79,905	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	15	10	10	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	7,005	3,535	3,470	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	2,645	1,330	1,320	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	105	65	35	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	20,340	9,970	10,370	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	3,025	1,530	1,490	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	460	235	220	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	2,015	1,050	970	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	13,775	6,415	7,360	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,165	565	600	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	30	35	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	23,070	11,715	11,355	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	130	75	55	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	20,865	10,585	10,280	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	55	30	25	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	150	75	75	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,930	980	950	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	28,265	13,520	14,750	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	120	45	80	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	170	100	70	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,755	860	895	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	130	65	65	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	95	50	45	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	895	400	495	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	650	310	340	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	605	290	310	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	340	150	190	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	15,765	7,480	8,285	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	155	80	75	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	0	0	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	50	20	30	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	70	45	25	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	165	95	70	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,110	2,080	2,035	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	605	290	320	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	4,220	1,970	2,240	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,010	440	570	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,720	11,910	12,810	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	580	250	335	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	30	0	20	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	1,310	700	610	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	70	45	20	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	65	40	30	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,285	595	690	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	1,035	490	550	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	2,880	1,420	1,465	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	185	95	90	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	2,920	1,350	1,565	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	525	245	280	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	6,290	2,990	3,300	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	450	240	210	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	160	85	75	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	80	40	35	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	2,165	1,060	1,110	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	475	260	215	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	245	120	120	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	40	25	15	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,530	725	805	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	1,315	610	705	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	405	175	225	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	985	440	545	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,185	605	575	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	27,410	13,735	13,680	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	3,515	1,750	1,765	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	45	25	20	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	30	20	10	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	35	15	20	1,585	855	735
Beninese	0	0	0	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	10	10	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	155	70	80	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	135	75	60	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	75	35	40	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	0	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,155	580	575	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	70	30	35	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	285	125	155	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	60	35	20	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	15	10	10	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	35	30	10	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	40	25	20	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	1,040	470	575	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	0	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	35	15	15	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	45	15	25	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	15	15	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	210	110	100	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	225	140	85	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	10,250	5,290	4,960	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	145	80	70	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	80	35	45	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	430	200	225	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	6,285	3,230	3,050	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	110	65	45	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	0	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	3,045	1,585	1,465	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	325	160	160	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	355	200	155	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	15	10	0	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	7,735	3,875	3,860	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	65	30	35	1,870	955	915
Amhara	50	15	40	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	0	0	0	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	65	35	25	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	20	10	10	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	265	140	130	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	685	350	340	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	50	25	30	665	355	305
Kenyan	475	230	250	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	45	30	15	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	435	235	205	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	105	45	60	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	10	0	10	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	0	0	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	675	320	360	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	3,390	1,685	1,700	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	375	225	155	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	0	0	0	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	200	115	85	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	35	10	25	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	245	135	110	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	20	0	15	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	890	425	465	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	6,050	2,865	3,185	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	695	300	395	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	5,420	2,600	2,815	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	514,515	248,995	265,520	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	83,325	41,320	42,005	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	6,365	3,145	3,215	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,590	1,315	1,280	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	5,820	2,835	2,990	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	1,530	730	795	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	1,390	710	680	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	625	320	305	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	65	35	30	1,515	810	705
Iranian	41,005	20,355	20,650	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	5,155	2,540	2,610	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	6,750	3,475	3,270	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	610	325	290	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	240	100	135	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	1,095	560	535	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	30	10	20	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	105	45	60	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	4,575	2,245	2,335	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	1,735	910	825	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	170	95	70	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	105	70	35	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	1,340	660	685	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	265	125	140	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	640	270	365	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	3,915	1,915	2,005	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	135	75	60	1,040	540	500
Uighur	55	25	25	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	475	220	255	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	565	265	295	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,695	840	855	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	119,090	59,225	59,865	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	840	465	375	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	615	300	320	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	0	0	0	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	72,855	36,150	36,705	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	490	245	245	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	635	265	370	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	125	70	55	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	200	95	100	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	13,600	6,875	6,720	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	2,785	1,455	1,330	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	690	380	315	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	22,040	10,770	11,265	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	8,440	4,335	4,105	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	5,965	2,995	2,975	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	316,010	150,325	165,680	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	310	130	180	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,350	1,200	1,160	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	255,965	123,290	132,675	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	28,830	12,130	16,700	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	20	10	10	805	420	390
Indonesian	995	480	515	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	4,190	1,970	2,215	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	0	0	0	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	18,190	8,815	9,375	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	1,295	665	635	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	955	470	485	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	350	160	185	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	195	90	105	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	2,070	975	1,095	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	560	230	325	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	90	45	50	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	12,420	5,745	6,675	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	515	280	230	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	1,000	495	510	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,000	495	510	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	1,040	560	485	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	650	370	275	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	225	105	125	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	180	95	85	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	100	50	50	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	30	20	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	0	0	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	10	0	1,530	725	805
Samoan	20	0	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	20	20	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	357,080	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	306,540	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	50,540	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	48,185	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	308,895	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	357,085	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	585	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	23,545	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	40,720	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	113,220	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	179,015	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	60,755	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	46,520	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	53,370	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	53,785	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	142,650	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	357,080	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	348,655	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	8,430	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	357,085	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	338,835	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	18,250	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	357,085	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	21,445	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	49,940	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	71,735	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	70,165	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	54,370	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	49,325	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	40,105	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	357,080	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	345,995	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	11,090	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	357,085	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	175,300	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	167,350	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	14,435	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	357,080	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,755	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	32,405	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	68,705	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	95,560	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	77,420	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	47,665	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	24,570	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	7,995	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	355,995	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	244,120	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	111,880	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	91,910	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	306,030	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	28.1	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,746	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,846	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	800,284	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	871,831	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50,490	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.5	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	51.8	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,401	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,417	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	144,850	68,240	76,610	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	234,965	113,770	121,195	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	525,730	255,280	270,450	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40,135	27,430	12,705	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	20,560	12,335	8,225	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	19,575	15,095	4,475	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	157,790	70,525	87,265	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,115	12,150	13,965	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	301,685	145,175	156,510	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	206,795	95,790	111,005	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20,790	9,505	11,285	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,345	4,160	4,185	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	58,280	30,960	27,325	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	7,470	4,765	2,710	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	603,735	288,255	315,475	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	50,355	25,110	25,245	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	131,445	63,170	68,275	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	421,930	199,980	221,950	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,210	18,360	8,850	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	13,860	8,150	5,715	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	13,340	10,210	3,130	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	125,185	55,285	69,900	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,010	9,085	10,925	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	249,530	117,250	132,280	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	168,880	76,795	92,090	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,915	7,380	9,535	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,770	3,190	3,580	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	50,805	26,170	24,630	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	6,165	3,715	2,445	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	379,815	182,005	197,810	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	29,825	5,900	23,920	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	29,825	5,905	23,925	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20,295	8,435	11,865	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,480	1,810	670	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	17,815	6,620	11,195	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	29,135	9,520	19,620	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,425	885	3,545	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	7,595	1,830	5,765	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	8,905	2,845	6,060	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	65	30	30	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,460	780	680	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,920	1,225	695	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	3,690	1,785	1,905	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	1,080	130	950	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	68,605	23,190	45,415	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	725	105	620	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,520	2,170	3,350	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10,140	845	9,300	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	11,645	3,965	7,680	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,020	190	830	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	10,155	2,315	7,845	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	29,395	13,595	15,800	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	131,755	58,605	73,150	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	305	100	210	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,945	1,050	4,895	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125,505	57,460	68,045	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,985	12,065	13,920	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,985	3,885	6,105	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,955	3,075	3,880	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	500	155	350	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	7,710	4,690	3,015	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	835	260	570	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	36,525	23,505	13,020	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	28,105	19,215	8,890	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	900	135	765	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,730	3,625	3,110	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	785	530	255	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	101,045	86,685	14,355	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	5,405	3,615	1,790	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	47,385	37,215	10,175	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	16,570	14,885	1,685	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	12,990	12,790	195	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	12,840	12,590	255	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	5,845	5,595	250	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,590	3,165	2,430	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,385	1,990	1,390	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,205	1,170	1,035	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	56,325	14,525	41,800	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,960	3,030	2,930	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	48,285	10,375	37,915	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,075	1,115	960	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,605	9,695	10,905	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	13,045	3,850	9,195	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	65	55	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	130	125	10	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	4,805	3,475	1,325	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,565	2,190	370	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	45	0	45	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	0	40	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	603,735	288,260	315,475	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	181,805	88,280	93,525	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	22,445	4,335	18,110	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	22,445	4,335	18,110	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15,955	6,380	9,575	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,790	1,305	480	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	14,165	5,075	9,095	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	22,475	7,000	15,475	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	3,645	625	3,020	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	5,785	1,325	4,455	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,830	2,080	4,750	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	45	20	25	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,145	625	520	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,510	975	530	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	2,625	1,260	1,365	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	890	85	805	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55,715	18,055	37,660	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	605	80	520	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,360	1,715	2,645	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,905	555	7,355	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	9,915	2,945	6,970	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	735	145	590	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	8,090	1,715	6,375	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	24,105	10,895	13,210	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	109,790	46,980	62,810	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	280	85	185	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,770	745	4,030	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	104,745	46,155	58,595	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,745	8,825	10,920	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	7,490	2,755	4,730	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	5,335	2,300	3,035	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	430	140	290	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	5,895	3,485	2,415	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	600	150	455	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	33,255	21,350	11,905	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	26,250	17,875	8,375	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	720	115	605	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,600	2,925	2,675	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	680	435	250	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	78,715	66,550	12,165	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	4,390	2,870	1,525	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	39,055	30,190	8,865	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	12,540	11,255	1,280	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	9,445	9,285	160	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,440	9,265	175	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	3,835	3,675	160	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,320	2,290	2,030	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,595	1,415	1,180	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,730	875	850	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	43,995	11,130	32,860	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,485	2,235	2,255	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	37,885	8,055	29,830	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,620	840	780	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	15,480	7,080	8,405	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	9,815	2,740	7,080	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	30	10	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	60	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	3,615	2,575	1,040	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,955	1,685	275	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	40	0	40	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	0	35	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	905,545	437,290	468,260	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	379,815	182,010	197,810	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	525,725	255,280	270,450	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	359,920	174,750	185,170	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	338,740	164,195	174,540	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	21,180	10,555	10,630	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	165,810	80,535	85,280	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	14,620	8,035	6,590	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	9,855	3,060	6,795	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	13,030	6,345	6,690	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,775	5,495	4,280	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	28,925	13,880	15,045	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	620	335	280	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	88,990	43,390	45,600	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	603,730	288,255	315,470	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	181,805	88,280	93,525	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	421,930	199,980	221,950	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	291,555	139,155	152,405	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	274,730	130,895	143,835	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	16,825	8,255	8,570	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	130,375	60,830	69,545	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,760	6,125	5,630	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	8,135	2,405	5,730	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	10,440	4,880	5,560	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,050	3,295	2,750	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	24,670	11,640	13,030	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	510	270	245	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	68,805	32,205	36,600	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	604,200	312,860	291,340	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	565,295	293,390	271,905	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	38,905	19,470	19,435	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	301,340	124,430	176,915	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	66.7	71.5	62.2	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	62.4	67.1	58.1	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.7	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	905,545	437,290	468,255	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	285,080	117,590	167,495	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	620,465	319,700	300,765	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	329,285	185,040	144,250	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	291,175	134,660	156,515	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.7	42.1	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	604,200	312,860	291,340	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,405	7,145	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	502,940	248,865	254,075	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	87,715	57,590	30,120	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	604,200	312,860	291,340	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,405	7,145	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	82,345	52,420	29,925	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	112,780	35,715	77,065	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	60,085	45,565	14,515	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	31,190	7,880	23,310	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	64,170	18,380	45,790	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	18,920	8,610	10,305	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	133,030	62,625	70,405	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	60,120	56,700	3,415	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,890	4,810	1,085	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	22,125	13,750	8,375	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	604,200	312,860	291,340	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,400	7,145	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,270	1,380	885	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	565	220	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	3,320	2,270	1,045	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	43,060	36,230	6,830	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	54,190	35,295	18,895	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	31,260	19,535	11,725	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	67,995	33,130	34,870	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	21,230	15,485	5,740	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	16,785	9,640	7,145	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	49,315	23,355	25,960	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	18,415	9,750	8,660	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	66,450	37,815	28,630	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,465	555	910	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	24,035	13,505	10,530	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	46,900	13,340	33,565	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	50,515	10,115	40,400	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	11,235	6,150	5,085	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	33,530	16,090	17,435	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	25,040	10,735	14,310	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	22,865	11,515	11,350	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	565,290	293,385	271,905	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	48,950	24,210	24,740	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	4,205	2,930	1,280	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	65,160	46,855	18,305	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	446,975	219,400	227,575	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	446,975	219,400	227,575	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	132,645	58,365	74,280	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	103,955	50,280	53,680	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	209,550	110,285	99,265	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	820	465	355	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	512,140	266,250	245,885	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	395,785	218,030	177,755	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	32,940	11,260	21,680	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	65,320	29,075	36,245	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	12,025	4,820	7,200	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	1,455	1,015	445	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	4,610	2,050	2,560	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	512,140	266,250	245,885	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	78,750	33,485	45,260	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	139,545	68,700	70,850	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	128,560	70,690	57,865	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	66,940	37,730	29,215	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	98,345	55,650	42,695	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	512,140	266,255	245,885	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	27,120	20,835	6,285	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	79,075	48,910	30,165	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	139,835	69,065	70,765	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	120,375	55,795	64,585	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	82,450	38,790	43,660	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	63,285	32,860	30,425	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	640,830	329,375	311,455	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	622,695	321,210	301,495	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	593,815	306,310	287,505	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	592,040	305,950	286,085	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	1,775	360	1,415	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	28,880	14,895	13,990	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,880	14,895	13,985	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	260	80	185	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	260	75	185	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	85	40	40	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	170	40	135	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	210	80	130	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	475	230	245
Vietnamese	200	80	120	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	35	90	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	15	10	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	30	70	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	10	10	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	415	195	215	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	400	190	210	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	3,470	1,760	1,710	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	15	10	0	350	220	125
Armenian	15	0	15	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	1,250	505	745	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	1,255	510	745	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	10	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	10	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	10	0	10	95	45	55
Polish	20	10	10	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	1,190	475	715	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	0	10	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	15	0	0	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	65	25	45	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	10	90	50	35
Dutch	30	10	15	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	25	0	20	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	10	0	10	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	30	20	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	1,295	740	550	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	405	195	210	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	0	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	80	35	45	880	300	585
Hindi	50	25	20	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	75	70	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	10	10	10	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	95	50	45	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	885	550	340	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	25	20	10	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	860	530	330	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	800	455	340	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	205	115	90	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	155	115	40	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	105	45	65	745	365	380
Spanish	335	185	150	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	60	10	45	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	10	30	10	20
Korean	1,120	555	570	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	23,140	12,130	11,010	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	23,140	12,130	11,015	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	12,325	6,335	5,985	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	15	10	15	70	25	45
Mandarin	10,370	5,570	4,805	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	65	30	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	320	145	170	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	0	0	0	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	30	15	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	35	25	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	10	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	80	45	35
Multiple responses	18,130	8,165	9,965	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	2,400	840	1,555	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	15,530	7,250	8,285	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	20	10	10	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	185	70	115	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	640,830	329,370	311,460	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	580,175	299,415	280,760	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	12,250	5,810	6,445	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	5,630	2,305	3,325	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	41,725	21,370	20,350	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	20	10	15	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	41,700	21,370	20,335	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	10	10	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	600	255	345	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	445	200	235	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,090,730	532,595	558,135	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	979,135	478,175	500,955	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	111,595	54,425	57,170	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	55,645	27,110	28,535	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	55,950	27,315	28,640	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	42,650	20,950	21,695	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	39,815	19,580	20,235	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	2,830	1,370	1,460	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	13,305	6,365	6,945	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,043,775	508,270	535,500	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	687,290	336,165	351,125	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	356,490	172,110	184,380	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	169,950	82,260	87,685	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	186,545	89,850	96,695	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	133,665	65,490	68,170	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	126,340	62,050	64,285	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	7,325	3,440	3,880	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	52,880	24,360	28,525	1,381,460	682,625	698,835