Census Profile, 2016 Census
Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Yukon [Territory]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Granby Quebec [Census agglomeration]			Yukon [Territory]
	Data quality , Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec Map : Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Yukon [Territory] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	85,056	...	...	35,874	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	80,863 ^r	...	...	33,897	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.2	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,131	...	...	17,987	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,773	...	...	15,215	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	172.0	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	494.40	...	...	474,712.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	85,055	41,820	43,240	35,875	18,075	17,795
0 to 14 years	13,960	7,155	6,805	6,280	3,355	2,920
0 to 4 years	4,510	2,290	2,220	2,135	1,155	985
5 to 9 years	4,895	2,550	2,340	2,120	1,130	995
10 to 14 years	4,555	2,315	2,240	2,020	1,075	945
15 to 64 years	53,780	26,860	26,925	25,340	12,500	12,835
15 to 19 years	4,445	2,305	2,140	1,935	1,000	930
20 to 24 years	4,610	2,345	2,260	1,965	1,035	930
25 to 29 years	4,415	2,245	2,175	2,550	1,245	1,310
30 to 34 years	4,800	2,460	2,345	2,890	1,395	1,495
35 to 39 years	5,340	2,695	2,645	2,590	1,235	1,355
40 to 44 years	4,750	2,410	2,340	2,540	1,170	1,370
45 to 49 years	5,085	2,540	2,545	2,465	1,210	1,245
50 to 54 years	6,640	3,220	3,420	2,880	1,390	1,495
55 to 59 years	7,175	3,480	3,690	2,995	1,505	1,490
60 to 64 years	6,510	3,145	3,365	2,530	1,315	1,220
65 years and over	17,310	7,805	9,510	4,260	2,220	2,040
65 to 69 years	5,740	2,785	2,955	1,845	980	870
70 to 74 years	4,490	2,110	2,380	1,090	605	485
75 to 79 years	3,070	1,395	1,675	645	350	295
80 to 84 years	1,980	830	1,150	375	160	215
85 years and over	2,035	685	1,355	300	125	175
85 to 89 years	1,320	470	845	195	90	105
90 to 94 years	580	190	390	80	30	50
95 to 99 years	125	25	105	20	5	20
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.1	15.7	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.2	62.3	70.6	69.2	72.1
65 years and over	20.4	18.7	22.0	11.9	12.3	11.5
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.1	0.8	0.7	1.0
Average age of the population	43.2	42.0	44.3	39.1	38.8	39.4
Median age of the population	45.2	43.5	46.8	39.5	39.0	39.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Single-detached house	17,320	...	...	9,430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	805	...	...	50	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,835	...	...	4,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,630	...	...	1,160	...	...
Row house	315	...	...	950	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,535	...	...	605	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,875	...	...	1,770	...	...
Other single-attached house	490	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	815	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
1 person	12,880	...	...	4,900	...	...
2 persons	14,145	...	...	5,180	...	...
3 persons	4,560	...	...	2,255	...	...
4 persons	4,035	...	...	1,860	...	...
5 or more persons	2,155	...	...	1,025	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,745	...	...	35,110	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	71,095	34,660	36,435	29,595	14,725	14,870
Married or living common law	41,380	20,735	20,645	16,445	8,210	8,235
Married	22,730	11,390	11,345	11,345	5,680	5,670
Living common law	18,650	9,350	9,305	5,095	2,530	2,570
Not married and not living common law	29,715	13,925	15,785	13,150	6,515	6,635
Never married	18,445	10,175	8,260	9,150	4,905	4,245
Separated	865	360	505	845	370	470
Divorced	6,035	2,390	3,640	2,105	975	1,130
Widowed	4,380	995	3,380	1,060	265	795
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,135	...	...	9,845	...	...
2 persons	14,065	...	...	5,330	...	...
3 persons	4,350	...	...	2,060	...	...
4 persons	3,870	...	...	1,745	...	...
5 or more persons	1,850	...	...	710	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,135	...	...	9,845	...	...
Total couple families	20,295	...	...	7,970	...	...
Married couples	10,980	...	...	5,425	...	...
Common-law couples	9,315	...	...	2,545	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,840	...	...	1,875	...	...
Female parent	2,745	...	...	1,390	...	...
Male parent	1,095	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,290	...	...	7,970	...	...
Couples without children	11,735	...	...	4,130	...	...
Couples with children	8,560	...	...	3,840	...	...
1 child	3,195	...	...	1,575	...	...
2 children	3,605	...	...	1,600	...	...
3 or more children	1,760	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,840	...	...	1,875	...	...
1 child	2,330	...	...	1,195	...	...
2 children	1,155	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more children	360	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,125	7,725	8,400	7,505	3,895	3,610
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
One-census-family households	23,610	...	...	9,345	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,500	...	...	3,915	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,115	...	...	5,430	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	260	...	...	245	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,900	...	...	5,620	...	...
One-person households	12,880	...	...	4,900	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,020	...	...	720	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	84,055	41,460	42,595	35,555	17,895	17,660
English only	350	175	175	30,430	15,530	14,895
French only	51,510	23,935	27,575	85	40	45
English and French	31,885	17,175	14,710	4,900	2,260	2,640
Neither English nor French	315	175	135	140	65	75
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	84,055	41,460	42,600	35,555	17,895	17,660
English	2,360	1,220	1,145	33,720	16,960	16,760
French	80,765	39,730	41,040	1,575	815	755
English and French	630	340	290	125	55	70
Neither English nor French	305	175	125	140	65	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,675	1,390	1,285	1,635	845	790
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.2	3.4	3.0	4.6	4.7	4.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	84,060	41,460	42,595	35,560	17,900	17,660
Single responses	83,175	41,015	42,155	34,885	17,555	17,330
Official languages	80,310	39,535	40,775	30,675	15,585	15,095
English	2,110	1,085	1,025	29,105	14,775	14,335
French	78,200	38,450	39,745	1,570	810	755
Non-official languages	2,865	1,485	1,380	4,210	1,970	2,235
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	675	295	380
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	25	5	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	5	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	560	250	305
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	545	245	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	80	40	45
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	170	85	85
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	165	85	85
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	285	115	165
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	210	90	125
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	35
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	65	25	40
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,860	1,480	1,380	3,530	1,675	1,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	200	150	50	25	25
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	330	185	145	40	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	325	180	140	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	40	50	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	20	990	415	575
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	80	35	45
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	805	335	465
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	40	20	15	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	55	30	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	5	5	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,870	965	905	1,715	885	825
Albanian	30	10	15	5	0	5
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	210	100	110	295	150	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	100	110	290	145	145
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	65	35	30	5	0	5
Bulgarian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	55	30	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	65	35	30
Russian	50	25	25	75	35	45
Serbian	25	10	15	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	15	10	10	50	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	5	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	130	65	65	945	495	445
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Dutch	35	20	15	115	50	60
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	80	45	35	765	415	355
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	5	5	5	15	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	195	95	100	215	115	100
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	190	100	95
Bengali	0	0	0	25	5	15
Gujarati	5	0	5	20	20	5
Hindi	5	5	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	185	90	95	25	20	10
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	175	85	90	25	20	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,295	685	615	225	105	120
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	130	80	50	25	15	10
Portuguese	50	25	25	15	5	5
Romanian	50	25	30	10	10	5
Spanish	1,070	555	515	170	75	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	95	40	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	10	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	310	155	160	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	15	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	20	20	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	60	65	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	20	10	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	20	10	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	350	150	195
Chinese languages	75	35	40	350	155	195
Cantonese	30	15	15	225	100	120
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	20	10	15	95	40	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	10	15	10	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	10	30	5	25
Lao	25	10	10	5	5	5
Thai	10	5	0	25	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	15	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	75	40	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungarian	10	5	5	45	30	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	885	445	440	675	345	330
English and French	580	300	280	220	115	100
English and non-official language	30	10	15	420	210	215
French and non-official language	250	120	130	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	30	10	20	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	84,055	41,465	42,595	35,560	17,900	17,660
Single responses	82,680	40,770	41,910	34,730	17,510	17,220
Official languages	81,080	39,940	41,140	33,135	16,735	16,400
English	1,695	865	835	32,270	16,315	15,960
French	79,380	39,075	40,305	860	420	435
Non-official languages	1,605	830	770	1,600	775	825
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,600	830	770	1,520	730	785
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	75	60	30	15	15
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	65	55	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	120	65	55	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	25	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	555	255	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	20	15
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	475	215	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,125	590	530	540	280	260
Albanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	65	55	85	40	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	65	55	85	40	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	20	15	10
Russian	20	10	5	30	15	15
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	245	125	115
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	10	225	115	105
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	65	75	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	90	45	40
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hindi	5	0	5	15	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	140	65	70	15	10	5
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	65	70	15	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	835	445	385	110	50	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	5	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	15	5	5	5
Spanish	750	400	350	100	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	50	25	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	70	85	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	75	40	40	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	220	100	120
Chinese languages	50	25	25	215	95	120
Cantonese	20	10	5	155	70	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	55	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	10	0	5
Lao	10	5	5	5	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	1,375	690	685	830	385	445
English and French	645	330	310	120	60	60
English and non-official language	40	20	20	680	315	370
French and non-official language	615	300	310	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	80	40	45	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	84,060	41,460	42,595	35,555	17,895	17,660
None	76,875	37,765	39,110	31,490	15,990	15,500
English	4,640	2,410	2,230	1,250	590	660
French	1,510	755	755	890	425	470
Non-official language	840	435	405	1,830	845	985
Aboriginal	5	0	5	585	275	315
Non-Aboriginal	835	430	400	1,245	575	675
English and French	60	30	25	20	10	10
English and non-official language	105	55	50	35	15	20
French and non-official language	35	20	20	45	25	25
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	68,815	33,730	35,085	28,895	14,325	14,565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,175	32,975	34,200	27,975	13,845	14,135
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,386	37,987	27,352	45,804	48,685	43,192
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,205	32,980	34,220	27,975	13,840	14,130
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,967	33,052	25,085	41,235	43,240	39,353
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,820	30,085	29,740	26,300	13,005	13,295
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,967	35,232	23,138	43,961	47,135	40,806
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,090	24,020	28,070	17,670	8,205	9,465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,255	7,214	9,007	4,724	4,742	4,708
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,990	24,980	23,005	23,940	11,925	12,015
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,207	35,300	25,631	43,341	45,938	40,804
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,815	33,740	35,080	28,880	14,315	14,565
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,220	32,920	34,295	27,920	13,860	14,060
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,980	46,594	33,632	53,809	57,649	50,023
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,235	32,925	34,320	27,925	13,860	14,065
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,254	37,815	28,878	45,994	48,598	43,429
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,750	30,000	29,745	26,255	13,035	13,220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,080	44,472	29,626	52,102	56,529	47,736
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,220	24,005	28,215	17,700	8,290	9,415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,036	8,319	9,645	7,595	7,499	7,680
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,990	24,935	23,050	23,940	11,940	12,005
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,025	42,733	30,850	50,089	53,885	46,314
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,815	33,735	35,075	28,880	14,315	14,565
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,465	11,920	9,550	10,655	5,325	5,330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,020	48,006	37,952	67,699	72,122	64,301
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,499	57,875	43,543	70,536	75,141	65,936
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.4	86.9	76.6	91.1	92.4	89.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.0	69.3	61.8	78.7	79.2	78.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.5	13.1	23.4	8.9	7.6	10.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	68,815	33,730	35,085	28,895	14,325	14,570
Without total income	1,640	755	890	920	485	435
With total income	67,180	32,980	34,195	27,975	13,840	14,130
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.8	97.5	96.8	96.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,070	2,990	4,080	2,875	1,460	1,415
$10,000 to $19,999	12,895	4,935	7,960	3,350	1,575	1,775
$20,000 to $29,999	11,285	4,855	6,435	3,455	1,605	1,845
$30,000 to $39,999	9,835	4,705	5,130	2,815	1,240	1,575
$40,000 to $49,999	8,400	4,505	3,900	2,545	1,195	1,345
$50,000 to $59,999	5,915	3,450	2,460	2,340	1,115	1,225
$60,000 to $69,999	3,765	2,265	1,500	2,370	1,115	1,255
$70,000 to $79,999	2,640	1,545	1,095	2,095	1,010	1,085
$80,000 to $89,999	1,575	1,020	555	1,725	885	840
$90,000 to $99,999	1,065	740	325	1,340	710	630
$100,000 and over	2,720	1,975	750	3,065	1,930	1,135
$100,000 to $149,999	1,820	1,310	510	2,325	1,410	910
$150,000 and over	905	660	240	740	520	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,815	33,730	35,085	28,890	14,325	14,565
Without after-tax income	1,610	750	865	920	485	435
With after-tax income	67,205	32,980	34,220	27,975	13,840	14,135
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.8	97.5	96.8	96.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,440	3,060	4,380	2,935	1,485	1,445
$10,000 to $19,999	13,635	5,275	8,360	3,525	1,660	1,860
$20,000 to $29,999	13,840	6,190	7,655	3,860	1,800	2,065
$30,000 to $39,999	12,515	6,490	6,025	3,285	1,480	1,810
$40,000 to $49,999	8,560	4,890	3,670	3,080	1,450	1,630
$50,000 to $59,999	4,915	2,885	2,035	3,045	1,445	1,600
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	1,605	1,005	2,685	1,305	1,380
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	920	435	2,095	1,085	1,010
$80,000 and over	2,330	1,670	655	3,475	2,125	1,345
$80,000 to $89,999	760	525	235	1,285	710	580
$90,000 to $99,999	440	315	125	780	490	290
$100,000 and over	1,130	835	300	1,405	930	480
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	68,815	33,730	35,085	28,890	14,325	14,570
Without employment income	20,830	8,750	12,080	4,950	2,400	2,550
With employment income	47,985	24,980	23,005	23,945	11,930	12,015
Percentage with employment income	69.7	74.1	65.6	82.9	83.3	82.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,500	3,325	3,170	2,715	1,355	1,360
$5,000 to $9,999	3,805	1,610	2,190	1,605	745	860
$10,000 to $19,999	7,010	2,965	4,055	2,635	1,245	1,390
$20,000 to $29,999	6,540	2,890	3,645	2,275	1,050	1,225
$30,000 to $39,999	6,605	3,245	3,360	2,060	995	1,065
$40,000 to $49,999	5,300	2,995	2,310	1,985	940	1,040
$50,000 to $59,999	3,825	2,370	1,455	1,875	855	1,025
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	1,630	985	1,980	885	1,095
$70,000 to $79,999	1,950	1,180	770	1,750	845	905
$80,000 and over	3,845	2,780	1,065	5,065	3,015	2,055
$80,000 to $89,999	1,150	785	365	1,495	810	680
$90,000 to $99,999	795	575	215	1,135	610	530
$100,000 and over	1,895	1,415	485	2,435	1,590	845
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,122	...	...	84,521	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,281	...	...	73,935	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,880	...	...	4,900	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,686	...	...	42,170	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,014	...	...	38,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,890	...	...	10,315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,462	...	...	110,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,375	...	...	96,068	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,146	...	...	98,739	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,193	...	...	84,412	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,895	...	...	4,920	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,089	...	...	50,317	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,946	...	...	43,443	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,875	...	...	10,295	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,285	...	...	121,861	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,321	...	...	103,975	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Under $5,000	275	...	...	225	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	500	...	...	155	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,400	...	...	290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,970	...	...	555	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,235	...	...	670	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,685	...	...	480	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,300	...	...	510	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,315	...	...	505	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,060	...	...	510	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,925	...	...	455	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,550	...	...	910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,970	...	...	965	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	...	...	935	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	...	...	960	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,905	...	...	860	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,895	...	...	6,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,285	...	...	1,725	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,900	...	...	1,400	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,610	...	...	1,850	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,095	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Under $5,000	310	...	...	235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	505	...	...	160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,425	...	...	295	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,070	...	...	580	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,585	...	...	680	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,055	...	...	555	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,900	...	...	575	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,670	...	...	605	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,420	...	...	575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,255	...	...	510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,965	...	...	1,190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,335	...	...	1,185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,675	...	...	1,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,160	...	...	1,005	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,700	...	...	885	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,745	...	...	5,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,485	...	...	1,840	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,090	...	...	1,420	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,170	...	...	1,785	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,150	...	...	9,795	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,671	...	...	108,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,442	...	...	94,853	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,320	...	...	3,890	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,582	...	...	104,425	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,464	...	...	90,825	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,615	...	...	3,860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,888	...	...	139,567	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,518	...	...	119,060	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,720	...	...	1,765	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,419	...	...	62,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,176	...	...	58,386	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,145	...	...	9,795	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,528	...	...	120,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,456	...	...	102,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,385	...	...	3,900	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,379	...	...	113,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,720	...	...	95,932	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,595	...	...	3,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,745	...	...	151,228	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,173	...	...	127,809	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,715	...	...	1,750	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,599	...	...	72,156	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,467	...	...	64,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,965	7,190	7,775	6,685	3,505	3,180
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,419	32,112	25,591	39,951	36,718	42,449
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,075	28,564	24,224	36,618	33,829	39,148
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,945	7,210	7,735	6,705	3,630	3,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,786	39,851	33,929	47,879	46,673	49,305
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,928	32,674	29,300	41,460	40,111	43,054
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,645	17,470
In the bottom half of the distribution	50,750	24,460	26,290	12,840	6,500	6,340
In the bottom decile	6,705	3,205	3,495	2,530	1,440	1,090
In the second decile	10,385	4,550	5,835	2,705	1,345	1,360
In the third decile	11,675	5,650	6,025	2,315	1,110	1,205
In the fourth decile	11,465	5,750	5,710	2,420	1,145	1,275
In the fifth decile	10,525	5,310	5,220	2,870	1,455	1,415
In the top half of the distribution	32,000	16,405	15,590	22,270	11,145	11,130
In the sixth decile	9,525	4,900	4,625	3,005	1,500	1,505
In the seventh decile	7,925	4,050	3,880	3,535	1,745	1,790
In the eighth decile	6,310	3,230	3,075	4,495	2,200	2,300
In the ninth decile	4,620	2,350	2,270	5,420	2,755	2,670
In the top decile	3,615	1,875	1,735	5,810	2,950	2,860
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	82,745	40,865	41,880	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	16,575	8,495	8,080	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	5,450	2,785	2,665	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	50,615	25,145	25,470	0	0	0
65 years and over	15,555	7,220	8,335	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,645	5,170	6,470	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,315	1,160	1,155	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	790	420	365	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,330	2,950	3,380	0	0	0
65 years and over	3,000	1,065	1,940	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.7	15.4	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	14.0	13.7	14.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	14.5	15.1	13.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.7	13.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	19.3	14.8	23.3	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,110	2,525	2,580	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	970	480	495	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	340	185	160	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,790	1,910	1,880	0	0	0
65 years and over	345	140	210	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.2	6.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	5.7	6.1	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	6.6	6.0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.6	7.4	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	2.2	1.9	2.5	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,640	17,465
Official languages	82,485	40,705	41,780	35,010	17,605	17,405
English	31,935	17,230	14,700	34,930	17,570	17,365
French	82,170	40,555	41,615	4,910	2,270	2,640
Non-official languages	5,475	2,640	2,835	6,255	2,970	3,285
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	1,165	535	630
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	40	15	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	870	400	470
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	860	395	465
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	95	45	50
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	335	185	150
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	330	180	150
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	405	160	245
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	275	115	160
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	135	50	90
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	50	10	35
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	195	95	100
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,460	2,635	2,825	5,105	2,440	2,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	505	285	215	70	50	20
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	20	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	490	275	210	50	35	20
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	480	275	205	30	25	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	55	70	60	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	50	60	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	1,225	490	730
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	115	55	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	15	10	1,095	445	650
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	0	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages	155	75	80	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,135	1,990	2,150	3,060	1,540	1,515
Albanian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	135	375	195	185
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	125	135	375	190	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	25	15	0	25	20	10
Czech	0	0	0	80	55	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	20	10	50	25	30
Russian	100	55	45	145	65	75
Serbian	20	0	15	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Ukrainian	35	10	25	40	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	345	170	180	1,360	715	650
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	25	25
Danish	25	20	0	10	10	0
Dutch	80	30	45	155	75	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	245	130	115	1,125	585	540
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swedish	10	10	0	25	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	110	315	190	125
Indo-Aryan languages	45	15	25	300	180	120
Bengali	10	0	10	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	45	10
Hindi	10	0	0	170	115	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	150	70	80
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	10	15	50	25	25
Iranian languages	185	85	100	15	10	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	180	85	95	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,385	1,620	1,760	1,130	490	635
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	385	195	190	130	45	85
Portuguese	105	70	30	55	30	30
Romanian	65	25	35	15	0	10
Spanish	2,915	1,380	1,540	975	435	535
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	105	55	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	70	20	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	405	185	220	65	40	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	10	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	55	20	30	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	50	20	30	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	40	30	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swahili	190	75	110	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	40	30	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	55	25	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	305	150	155
Chinese languages	80	40	35	300	145	155
Cantonese	40	20	20	180	105	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	185	80	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	20	40	25	15
Lao	20	10	10	10	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	40	20	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	115	65	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hungarian	35	15	20	75	45	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,640	17,465
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	81,370	40,145	41,225	32,955	16,610	16,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,310	8,415	7,890	7,085	3,700	3,390
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,065	31,730	33,330	25,875	12,910	12,965
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,375	720	650	2,155	1,035	1,120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,645	17,465
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	78,835	38,795	40,040	30,260	15,305	14,950
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,675	1,895	1,780	4,410	2,075	2,330
Before 1981	735	410	320	1,325	695	630
1981 to 1990	240	120	120	385	200	185
1991 to 2000	445	195	250	530	235	295
2001 to 2010	1,405	755	655	1,055	480	575
2001 to 2005	660	365	295	330	130	205
2006 to 2010	745	385	360	725	350	375
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	850	420	435	1,115	470	645
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	235	170	65	435	255	185
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,675	1,895	1,780	4,410	2,080	2,330
Under 5 years	490	225	260	460	205	255
5 to 14 years	640	340	295	765	375	390
15 to 24 years	750	360	385	915	420	490
25 to 44 years	1,545	830	715	1,970	935	1,035
45 years and over	250	135	120	310	145	160
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,675	1,900	1,780	4,410	2,080	2,330
Americas	1,145	575	565	700	295	410
Brazil	10	10	0	10	10	10
Colombia	495	225	275	15	10	0
El Salvador	20	20	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	85	55	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	15	0	15
Mexico	45	20	20	45	20	20
Peru	60	35	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	185	90	95	560	235	320
Other places of birth in Americas	230	120	110	45	20	30
Europe	1,245	690	550	1,730	945	785
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	25	30	10	10	0
Croatia	25	20	0	10	10	0
France	520	315	205	80	50	30
Germany	70	35	35	440	245	195
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	40	25	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	35	25	15
Italy	70	40	30	40	20	15
Netherlands	35	20	10	135	70	65
Poland	10	10	10	35	10	15
Portugal	20	15	0	10	10	0
Romania	70	30	35	10	0	10
Russian Federation	20	0	20	25	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	40	10	520	260	250
Other places of birth in Europe	215	110	105	355	215	140
Africa	805	395	410	175	125	50
Algeria	65	45	20	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	10	0	10	10	10	0
Morocco	210	120	95	10	10	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	20	15	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other places of birth in Africa	500	220	280	45	35	15
Asia	485	235	255	1,695	675	1,010
Afghanistan	115	55	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	10	50	230	80	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	0	0	0	110	50	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	15	10	15	10	10
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Lebanon	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	25	10	15
Philippines	20	10	10	1,010	385	625
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	35	20	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	90	40	55	60	25	35
Other places of birth in Asia	65	40	25	120	55	70
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	110	40	70
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	850	420	435	1,115	470	640
Americas	250	135	120	85	25	55
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	85	25	60	0	0	0
Cuba	35	20	15	10	0	10
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	25	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	25	0	35	15	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	45	25	0	0	0
Europe	155	80	80	170	85	85
France	60	30	30	40	20	20
Germany	0	0	0	60	25	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	30	10	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	35	20	20
Africa	315	145	170	15	10	0
Algeria	25	15	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	135	60	70	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	40	60	10	10	0
Asia	125	60	65	835	345	495
Afghanistan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	10	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Philippines	15	0	10	635	245	390
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	10	50	20	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australia	10	10	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,640	17,470
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,060	2,130	1,935	5,055	2,460	2,590
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,440	1,650	1,795	5,570	2,735	2,835
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	75,245	37,090	38,155	24,490	12,450	12,045
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,995	1,525	1,475	3,155	1,420	1,740
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,025	585	440	2,045	990	1,055
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	505	380	125	1,015	565	450
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	520	210	310	1,030	420	605
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	745	345	405	980	340	635
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,210	590	625	125	85	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,115	17,645	17,465
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	895	440	460	8,195	3,960	4,230
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	855	405	445	7,925	3,815	4,110
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	400	185	215	6,685	3,315	3,370
Métis	445	225	225	1,015	430	590
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	230	75	150
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	15	0	160	85	75
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	105	60	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,850	40,425	41,420	26,915	13,685	13,235
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,110	17,645	17,465
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	105	60	50	5,910	2,990	2,920
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	82,640	40,805	41,835	29,200	14,655	14,550
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,115	17,645	17,470
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	645	290	360	3,740	1,860	1,880
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	625	270	355	3,650	1,810	1,840
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	530	235	295	3,405	1,705	1,695
Métis single ancestry	95	35	60	150	65	90
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	95	35	55
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	20	10	85	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	20	0	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	55	35	15
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,210	1,045	1,165	4,585	2,140	2,440
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,195	1,040	1,155	4,325	2,035	2,295
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,035	975	1,060	3,515	1,680	1,840
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	60	85	660	285	375
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	15	145	70	80
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	10	260	110	155
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	160	65	105
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	90	40	50
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	79,880	39,530	40,355	26,790	13,645	13,145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,115	17,645	17,470
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,090	1,585	1,505	3,000	1,345	1,650
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	65	30	35	500	275	225
Chinese	150	55	90	415	170	240
Black	920	460	460	270	120	150
Filipino	25	15	10	1,190	480	710
Latin American	1,100	560	540	130	75	60
Arab	475	280	200	10	10	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	105	55	50	180	80	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	190	100	90	30	20	10
Korean	0	10	0	70	20	50
Japanese	10	0	0	65	35	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	10	15	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	120	60	60
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	79,655	39,275	40,380	32,110	16,295	15,815
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	82,745	40,865	41,880	35,115	17,645	17,470
North American Aboriginal origins	2,860	1,335	1,525	8,320	4,000	4,325
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,605	1,235	1,370	7,255	3,535	3,725
Inuit	20	0	20	390	195	200
Métis	270	120	150	1,020	430	590
Other North American origins	64,375	31,560	32,815	9,335	4,775	4,565
Acadian	255	145	115	165	65	95
American	485	200	285	675	310	365
Canadian	62,420	30,615	31,805	8,635	4,460	4,180
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	65	30	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	1,975	945	1,030	85	40	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,590	13,255	13,340	24,990	12,525	12,465
British Isles origins	6,105	2,965	3,135	17,525	8,740	8,780
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,635	835	800	9,680	4,850	4,825
Irish	3,695	1,740	1,960	6,930	3,310	3,615
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	1,430	705	725	8,290	4,065	4,235
Welsh	25	0	20	905	425	480
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	185	90	100	1,235	595	640
French origins	20,490	10,320	10,170	5,060	2,455	2,605
Alsatian	20	10	0	0	10	0
Breton	120	55	65	15	10	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,425	10,290	10,135	5,035	2,440	2,600
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,935	935	1,000	7,690	3,805	3,885
Austrian	75	45	30	365	180	185
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	455	220	240	175	85	90
Dutch	260	115	145	1,765	815	945
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	15	0	15
German	995	470	520	5,575	2,765	2,810
Luxembourger	0	0	10	10	0	0
Swiss	220	135	90	435	265	170
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	0	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	45	70	3,335	1,625	1,710
Danish	20	10	20	555	275	280
Finnish	25	15	10	275	135	145
Icelandic	10	0	10	215	125	85
Norwegian	15	10	10	1,380	690	690
Swedish	40	15	25	1,100	510	585
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	205	110	95
Eastern European origins	670	305	370	4,495	2,190	2,305
Bulgarian	20	10	15	45	15	30
Byelorussian	0	0	10	20	10	0
Czech	15	0	15	180	110	70
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	40	10	30
Estonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hungarian	85	20	65	485	250	235
Latvian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Lithuanian	25	0	20	35	15	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	300	150	155	1,140	530	605
Romanian	85	45	40	130	60	75
Russian	95	50	50	820	365	460
Slovak	10	0	10	110	60	55
Ukrainian	160	75	80	2,205	1,055	1,145
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Southern European origins	2,040	990	1,045	1,490	690	795
Albanian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Bosnian	70	35	40	20	15	10
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	20	55	25	35
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	40	75	90	50	40
Italian	1,205	560	645	915	400	520
Kosovar	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maltese	25	20	10	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	110	85	70	30	35
Serbian	40	10	30	10	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	25	15	0	45	15	30
Spanish	355	170	180	270	140	130
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	10	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	80	35	45	450	175	280
Basque	0	0	0	20	0	20
Jewish	20	10	0	150	50	100
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	15	40	250	115	130
Caribbean origins	345	195	155	165	70	95
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	120	35	85	15	0	0
Dominican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	205	115	85	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	20	0	95	40	50
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	20	0	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,260	635	625	215	110	105
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	10	20	10	10
Chilean	75	35	40	25	20	10
Colombian	655	280	375	25	15	10
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	120	80	40	0	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hispanic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	30	10	20	10	0	10
Maya	45	15	25	0	0	0
Mexican	105	60	40	90	50	40
Nicaraguan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	45	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,200	590	605	350	165	185
Central and West African origins	495	235	260	60	30	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	290	115	175	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peulh	20	15	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	30	20	10
North African origins	510	275	235	35	15	20
Algerian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Berber	45	25	20	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	20	0	15
Moroccan	320	175	145	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	55	60	125	60	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	10	10	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	15	10
South African	0	0	0	60	20	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	125	45	75	135	60	75
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	120	45	80	130	55	75
Asian origins	995	515	480	2,855	1,260	1,595
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	585	325	260	195	110	85
Afghan	160	85	80	0	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	60	55	15	10	10
Armenian	35	15	20	25	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	20	15	20	10	10
Iraqi	15	10	10	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	65	60	60	45	15
Palestinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	35	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	55	30	25	30	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Asian origins	40	25	20	460	265	200
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	15	0
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	20	10	315	160	160
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	40	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	25	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	365	160	205	2,180	890	1,285
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	195	85	110	625	240	380
Filipino	25	15	10	1,330	550	780
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japanese	15	10	15	95	50	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	80	25	55
Laotian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	45	10	40
Mongolian	10	0	10	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	35	70	85	50	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	25	0	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	25	0	25
Oceania origins	10	10	0	170	80	90
Australian	10	10	0	80	35	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	30	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	20	20	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Owner	22,615	...	...	9,680	...	...
Renter	15,160	...	...	5,005	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Condominium	2,945	...	...	1,495	...	...
Not condominium	34,825	...	...	13,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	125	...	...
1 bedroom	5,040	...	...	2,515	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,110	...	...	4,290	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,010	...	...	5,065	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,465	...	...	3,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,710	...	...	5,160	...	...
5 rooms	6,865	...	...	2,675	...	...
6 rooms	4,325	...	...	2,340	...	...
7 rooms	4,470	...	...	1,755	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,405	...	...	3,285	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,530	...	...	14,970	...	...
More than 1 person per room	245	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
Suitable	36,900	...	...	14,490	...	...
Not suitable	875	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
1960 or before	7,200	...	...	1,315	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,070	...	...	4,625	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,650	...	...	2,330	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,235	...	...	2,625	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,840	...	...	1,045	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,670	...	...	1,435	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,105	...	...	1,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,770	...	...	15,215	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,145	...	...	13,315	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,630	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,355	...	...	9,070	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,110	...	...	5,690	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	310	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,775	...	...	15,215	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,270	...	...	420	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,780	...	...	2,390	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,900	...	...	2,810	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,060	...	...	3,275	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,280	...	...	3,605	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,410	...	...	1,875	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,160	...	...	680	...	...
85 years and over	920	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,450	...	...	14,550	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,710	...	...	11,865	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,745	...	...	2,680	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,200	...	...	2,345	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,370	...	...	9,590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.6	...	...	59.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	935	...	...	1,239	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	991	...	...	1,325	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,545	...	...	358,721	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	254,886	...	...	371,716	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,135	...	...	5,005	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.7	...	...	25.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.4	...	...	29.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	654	...	...	967	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	715	...	...	1,038	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,815	33,735	35,075	28,875	14,310	14,565
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,205	8,505	7,700	4,715	2,635	2,080
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,385	7,860	9,525	6,835	3,325	3,505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,230	17,375	17,855	17,335	8,350	8,985
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,525	7,575	4,950	3,145	2,450	695
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,075	4,910	4,170	1,230	785	445
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,450	2,665	780	1,915	1,665	255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,035	4,650	6,390	6,120	2,520	3,600
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,210	870	1,335	825	320	500
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,460	4,285	5,180	7,250	3,060	4,195
Bachelor's degree	6,565	2,860	3,710	4,790	1,955	2,835
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	685	280	405	435	175	260
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	215	130	190	115	75
Master's degree	1,665	825	840	1,695	745	955
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	195	100	95	135	65	70
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,295	21,895	22,400	21,030	10,190	10,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,225	4,205	3,020	2,255	1,400	855
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,510	4,960	5,550	4,400	2,065	2,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,560	12,725	13,830	14,375	6,730	7,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,555	5,565	3,990	2,400	1,875	520
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,100	3,650	3,445	885	560	325
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,455	1,910	540	1,510	1,320	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,000	3,370	4,625	4,975	2,020	2,955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,410	535	875	665	250	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,595	3,255	4,340	6,340	2,575	3,765
Bachelor's degree	5,295	2,240	3,055	4,190	1,660	2,530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	185	330	380	140	235
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	145	130	165	90	75
Master's degree	1,350	600	745	1,500	625	870
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	80	70	110	55	60
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,815	33,740	35,075	28,880	14,315	14,565
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,585	16,360	17,225	11,545	5,960	5,585
Education	3,075	775	2,300	1,545	505	1,040
13. Education	3,075	775	2,300	1,545	505	1,040
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	990	370	625	525	215	305
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	130	25	60	50	10
50. Visual and performing arts	840	235	600	465	170	295
Humanities	1,605	565	1,045	840	375	470
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	135	20	110	90	15	70
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	215	100	115
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,055	360	695	230	95	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	30	10	70	45	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	40	35	95	70	25
54. History	70	35	30	120	40	80
55. French language and literature/letters	195	55	135	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,415	685	1,730	2,095	705	1,390
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	60	10	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	60	230	170	45	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	80	655	400	30	365
22. Legal professions and studies	415	155	255	290	140	150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	85	25	55	45	10	35
42. Psychology	365	85	280	285	80	200
45. Social sciences	500	270	230	845	395	455
Business, management and public administration	7,850	2,755	5,095	3,310	960	2,350
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	310	80	230	525	125	395
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,525	2,670	4,855	2,785	835	1,955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	930	520	410	690	360	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	115	155	380	195	190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	140	70	95	45	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	125	45	80	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	265	195	70	185	100	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	30	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	940	585	355	405	200	200
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	815	535	275	285	170	120
25. Library science	65	15	50	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	35	70	25	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,975	8,360	615	3,575	3,250	325
04. Architecture and related services	185	115	70	90	70	25
14. Engineering	1,145	995	150	470	365	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,900	1,655	240	520	455	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	1,895	1,855	35	1,210	1,150	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,895	1,860	35	990	955	40
48. Precision production	1,960	1,875	85	280	255	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	850	550	300	815	465	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	725	470	255	125	70	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	80	45	695	395	300
Health and related fields	4,675	865	3,810	2,200	515	1,690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	290	120	170	215	90	125
51. Health professions and related programs	4,310	695	3,610	1,945	405	1,545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	45	30	40	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,905	1,355	1,555	1,330	800	525
12. Personal and culinary services	1,820	365	1,455	640	215	425
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	445	395	50	225	160	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	645	590	55	455	420	35
Other	15	0	15	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	15	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,295	21,895	22,400	21,030	10,190	10,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,735	9,170	8,570	6,655	3,460	3,195
Education	1,925	440	1,485	1,245	380	860
13. Education	1,925	440	1,485	1,250	385	865
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	735	235	500	480	200	275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	80	20	55	50	10
50. Visual and performing arts	640	155	480	425	150	270
Humanities	940	330	610	675	300	380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	10	105	70	20	55
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	15	190	90	100
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	570	210	360	165	65	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	55	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	85	70	15
54. History	40	20	20	95	25	70
55. French language and literature/letters	120	30	85	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,895	465	1,430	1,845	620	1,225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	50	185	150	40	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	610	35	580	320	20	300
22. Legal professions and studies	310	105	210	280	130	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	15	40	40	10	35
42. Psychology	295	60	235	245	70	175
45. Social sciences	375	200	175	755	340	415
Business, management and public administration	6,190	2,035	4,155	2,750	750	1,995
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	235	50	175	430	95	340
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,950	1,985	3,960	2,315	655	1,660
Physical and life sciences and technologies	615	330	280	615	310	310
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	85	140	330	165	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	65	35	85	40	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	15	20	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	210	145	65	165	85	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	20	30	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	500	305	335	165	170
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	705	465	240	265	150	115
25. Library science	50	10	40	35	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	20	30	0	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,805	6,290	520	2,815	2,525	285
04. Architecture and related services	160	95	65	75	55	25
14. Engineering	960	830	130	385	295	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,540	1,315	220	415	360	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	15
46. Construction trades	1,370	1,350	20	1,000	940	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,325	1,305	15	735	695	35
48. Precision production	1,450	1,390	65	190	175	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	410	265	735	405	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	565	350	220	115	60	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	60	45	625	350	280
Health and related fields	3,670	660	3,010	1,840	435	1,400
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	250	90	155	185	75	115
51. Health professions and related programs	3,375	540	2,830	1,620	350	1,275
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	25	25	30	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,310	1,040	1,265	1,040	625	415
12. Personal and culinary services	1,445	270	1,175	510	175	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	345	290	50	180	125	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	475	45	345	320	25
Other	0	0	10	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,815	33,735	35,080	28,880	14,315	14,565
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,590	16,365	17,225	11,545	5,960	5,585
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,230	17,380	17,855	17,335	8,350	8,985
Location of study inside Canada	33,995	16,625	17,370	14,515	6,955	7,560
Same as province or territory of residence	33,360	16,250	17,115	3,915	1,885	2,030
Different than province or territory of residence	635	380	260	10,600	5,065	5,535
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,235	750	480	2,815	1,400	1,425
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	130	70	60	635	345	285
Philippines	10	0	10	570	210	360
India	0	0	0	105	65	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	50	0	265	115	150
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	15	20
France	295	225	70	65	35	25
Other	740	410	335	1,145	610	535
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,295	21,895	22,395	21,035	10,190	10,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,730	9,165	8,565	6,655	3,460	3,195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	26,560	12,725	13,830	14,380	6,730	7,650
Location of study inside Canada	25,595	12,165	13,425	12,045	5,585	6,465
Same as province or territory of residence	25,125	11,900	13,225	3,120	1,450	1,665
Different than province or territory of residence	465	270	200	8,925	4,130	4,795
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	965	560	405	2,335	1,145	1,185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	30	45	460	245	215
Philippines	10	0	10	550	205	340
India	0	0	0	85	55	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	20	0	185	90	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	25	10	20
France	245	185	60	55	30	20
Other	605	320	285	975	505	470
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,815	33,735	35,075	28,880	14,315	14,565
In the labour force	43,225	22,310	20,915	21,795	11,005	10,795
Employed	40,650	20,790	19,860	19,790	9,765	10,025
Unemployed	2,565	1,515	1,050	2,010	1,240	765
Not in the labour force	25,590	11,425	14,165	7,085	3,310	3,775
Participation rate	62.8	66.1	59.6	75.5	76.9	74.1
Employment rate	59.1	61.6	56.6	68.5	68.2	68.8
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.8	5.0	9.2	11.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,815	33,735	35,075	28,880	14,310	14,570
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	23,345	10,170	13,165	5,980	2,790	3,190
Worked	45,475	23,565	21,910	22,900	11,525	11,375
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,885	12,165	9,725	10,865	5,465	5,405
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	23,585	11,400	12,180	12,030	6,060	5,975
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.4	41.1	40.3	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	43,220	22,310	20,915	21,800	11,005	10,790
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	785	435	350	395	220	175
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	42,435	21,875	20,560	21,405	10,785	10,615
Employee	37,195	18,850	18,345	18,810	9,165	9,645
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,240	3,025	2,215	2,595	1,620	975
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	43,225	22,315	20,910	21,795	11,005	10,795
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	785	435	350	395	220	175
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	42,435	21,875	20,560	21,405	10,790	10,615
0 Management occupations	4,075	2,625	1,450	2,460	1,325	1,135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,755	1,615	4,145	3,465	740	2,725
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,515	1,920	595	1,385	1,055	330
3 Health occupations	2,985	490	2,500	1,230	255	970
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,140	1,035	3,105	3,625	1,280	2,345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	915	380	530	790	345	450
6 Sales and service occupations	10,155	4,095	6,065	3,955	1,660	2,300
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,445	6,095	355	3,650	3,400	250
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	770	625	145	505	450	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,670	2,990	1,680	350	285	60
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	43,225	22,310	20,910	21,795	11,005	10,790
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	785	435	350	395	220	175
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	42,435	21,875	20,560	21,405	10,785	10,620
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,095	740	355	245	190	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	10	505	440	70
22 Utilities	170	135	35	160	115	50
23 Construction	2,405	2,130	275	2,055	1,810	240
31-33 Manufacturing	9,600	6,635	2,965	335	230	105
41 Wholesale trade	2,080	1,430	645	325	240	85
44-45 Retail trade	5,415	2,380	3,035	1,975	1,015	960
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,175	925	250	1,060	765	300
51 Information and cultural industries	500	250	250	535	300	235
52 Finance and insurance	1,205	430	775	305	95	210
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	495	305	190	195	105	90
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,095	1,010	1,085	1,295	645	645
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	0	20	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,360	785	580	565	330	235
61 Educational services	2,620	705	1,915	1,630	520	1,115
62 Health care and social assistance	5,200	750	4,450	2,070	400	1,670
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	925	440	480	600	285	310
72 Accommodation and food services	2,765	1,065	1,705	1,545	605	940
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,015	965	1,045	775	415	355
91 Public administration	1,260	740	525	5,205	2,280	2,925
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	40,655	20,790	19,860	19,790	9,765	10,025
Worked at home	2,770	1,205	1,555	1,420	770	655
Worked outside Canada	65	50	15	25	10	20
No fixed workplace address	3,210	2,385	825	2,330	1,795	540
Worked at usual place	34,610	17,155	17,460	16,010	7,200	8,815
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	34,615	17,150	17,460	16,010	7,195	8,815
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,575	8,945	10,625	13,510	6,025	7,485
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,330	1,600	1,735	2,265	1,040	1,225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,660	6,580	5,080	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	50	30	25	235	135	100
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	37,825	19,540	18,285	18,340	8,990	9,350
Car, truck, van - as a driver	33,225	17,415	15,810	13,990	7,130	6,860
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,525	680	840	1,095	385	710
Public transit	410	155	260	720	315	405
Walked	1,950	825	1,130	1,735	645	1,090
Bicycle	355	250	100	470	285	190
Other method	365	210	150	320	225	90
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	37,825	19,540	18,285	18,340	8,985	9,355
Less than 15 minutes	17,865	8,545	9,315	9,735	4,695	5,040
15 to 29 minutes	12,165	6,175	5,990	6,195	3,045	3,150
30 to 44 minutes	3,790	2,180	1,605	1,400	625	770
45 to 59 minutes	1,745	1,080	665	465	215	245
60 minutes and over	2,265	1,560	705	550	405	150
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	37,825	19,540	18,280	18,340	8,990	9,355
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,845	1,320	530	520	335	180
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,215	4,840	2,380	1,930	1,150	780
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,195	5,925	6,265	6,185	3,220	2,965
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,560	2,475	4,085	5,785	2,450	3,335
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,105	1,095	2,015	1,905	805	1,100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,895	3,885	3,010	2,015	1,020	990
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	46,595	24,085	22,510	23,495	11,810	11,685
Single responses	45,080	23,240	21,840	23,325	11,735	11,595
Official languages	44,990	23,165	21,825	23,230	11,695	11,540
English	1,125	695	425	22,970	11,600	11,370
French	43,860	22,465	21,400	260	95	165
Non-official languages	90	80	15	95	35	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	10	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	80	15	70	30	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	80	15	25	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	70	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	70	10	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages	10	0	0	25	15	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,515	845	670	165	75	90
English and French	1,440	810	625	75	35	40
English and non-official language	10	10	10	80	35	45
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	10	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	46,595	24,085	22,510	23,495	11,810	11,685
None	35,185	17,920	17,265	21,950	11,185	10,765
English	10,230	5,505	4,730	210	80	130
French	855	525	325	825	330	500
Non-official language	225	90	130	475	205	275
Aboriginal	0	0	0	175	70	105
Non-Aboriginal	220	90	130	305	135	170
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	105	45	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	81,900	40,375	41,530	34,705	17,450	17,250
Non-movers	70,745	35,015	35,735	28,875	14,450	14,430
Movers	11,150	5,355	5,795	5,825	3,005	2,825
Non-migrants	6,840	3,260	3,585	3,635	1,895	1,740
Migrants	4,310	2,095	2,210	2,190	1,110	1,085
Internal migrants	4,050	1,945	2,110	1,945	990	955
Intraprovincial migrants	3,975	1,895	2,080	545	265	285
Interprovincial migrants	75	50	30	1,400	725	670
External migrants	260	155	100	250	115	130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	78,170	38,530	39,635	32,990	16,505	16,480
Non-movers	46,965	23,390	23,580	18,040	9,060	8,980
Movers	31,200	15,145	16,060	14,945	7,450	7,495
Non-migrants	18,495	8,960	9,535	8,245	4,195	4,050
Migrants	12,710	6,185	6,525	6,700	3,260	3,445
Internal migrants	11,805	5,700	6,105	5,515	2,675	2,830
Intraprovincial migrants	11,530	5,575	5,950	1,235	590	640
Interprovincial migrants	280	125	150	4,285	2,090	2,195
External migrants	905	480	420	1,190	575	615

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Yukon [Territory] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Yukon [Territory]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Yukon [Territory]

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Granby [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Yukon [Territory]