Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bonnyville No. 87, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	St. Andrews, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Bonnyville No. 87, MD Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Bonnyville No. 87, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	11,913	...	...	13,575^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	11,875	...	...	11,191	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.3	...	...	21.3^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,699	...	...	5,667	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,407	...	...	4,820	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	752.22	...	...	6,064.73	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	11,910	6,120	5,790	13,575	6,940	6,630
0 to 14 years	1,865	975	885	3,030	1,560	1,475
0 to 4 years	475	250	230	945	495	445
5 to 9 years	610	315	295	1,090	570	520
10 to 14 years	770	415	355	990	490	500
15 to 64 years	8,205	4,180	4,020	8,935	4,580	4,350
15 to 19 years	790	405	380	905	455	445
20 to 24 years	730	380	350	610	330	285
25 to 29 years	575	310	270	745	360	385
30 to 34 years	525	260	265	995	490	505
35 to 39 years	580	280	300	965	505	465
40 to 44 years	805	410	395	880	445	435
45 to 49 years	940	460	480	930	475	455
50 to 54 years	1,205	605	600	1,150	590	555
55 to 59 years	1,130	590	540	1,030	540	490
60 to 64 years	920	480	440	720	380	335
65 years and over	1,850	965	885	1,615	805	810
65 to 69 years	740	375	365	530	255	275
70 to 74 years	525	275	245	450	230	225
75 to 79 years	320	165	155	280	165	115
80 to 84 years	185	110	75	185	95	90
85 years and over	85	35	50	170	60	105
85 to 89 years	60	30	30	105	45	60
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	50	15	35
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	15.9	15.3	22.3	22.5	22.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	68.3	69.4	65.8	66.0	65.6
65 years and over	15.5	15.8	15.3	11.9	11.6	12.2
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.9	1.3	0.9	1.6
Average age of the population	42.0	41.9	42.0	37.4	37.3	37.5
Median age of the population	45.5	45.4	45.5	37.5	37.6	37.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,405	...	...	4,820	...	...
Single-detached house	4,175	...	...	4,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	50	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	180	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	75	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	85	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	180	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,410	...	...	4,820	...	...
1 person	695	...	...	850	...	...
2 persons	1,800	...	...	1,830	...	...
3 persons	715	...	...	725	...	...
4 persons	840	...	...	795	...	...
5 or more persons	355	...	...	620	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,755	...	...	13,340	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,050	5,145	4,905	10,545	5,385	5,160
Married or living common law	6,810	3,400	3,405	7,185	3,595	3,585
Married	5,860	2,930	2,930	6,040	3,025	3,015
Living common law	945	470	475	1,140	575	570
Not married and not living common law	3,240	1,740	1,500	3,365	1,790	1,570
Never married	2,390	1,370	1,020	2,250	1,325	920
Separated	165	85	80	200	100	100
Divorced	340	195	140	450	255	200
Widowed	355	95	260	460	110	350
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,720	...	...	3,995	...	...
2 persons	1,920	...	...	2,020	...	...
3 persons	740	...	...	695	...	...
4 persons	790	...	...	770	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	505	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,720	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total couple families	3,355	...	...	3,540	...	...
Married couples	2,885	...	...	2,970	...	...
Common-law couples	475	...	...	575	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	360	...	...	455	...	...
Female parent	250	...	...	295	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,360	...	...	3,540	...	...
Couples without children	1,690	...	...	1,735	...	...
Couples with children	1,670	...	...	1,800	...	...
1 child	640	...	...	595	...	...
2 children	765	...	...	730	...	...
3 or more children	265	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...	455	...	...
1 child	230	...	...	285	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,100	650	455	1,400	800	600
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,410	...	...	4,820	...	...
One-census-family households	3,540	...	...	3,720	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,610	...	...	1,625	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,930	...	...	2,090	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	85	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	775	...	...	965	...	...
One-person households	695	...	...	850	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	120	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,900	6,120	5,780	13,460	6,900	6,565
English only	11,250	5,840	5,410	11,775	6,130	5,645
French only	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and French	630	265	360	1,670	765	910
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,900	6,120	5,780	13,460	6,900	6,565
English	11,750	6,050	5,695	12,660	6,495	6,160
French	120	55	70	770	390	380
English and French	5	0	0	20	10	15
Neither English nor French	25	15	10	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	55	70	785	395	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	0.9	1.2	5.8	5.7	5.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,900	6,120	5,780	13,460	6,895	6,560
Single responses	11,775	6,055	5,715	13,295	6,825	6,470
Official languages	10,615	5,450	5,165	12,575	6,490	6,085
English	10,465	5,390	5,080	11,750	6,065	5,680
French	150	65	85	825	420	405
Non-official languages	1,160	605	555	720	335	390
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	170	80	95
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	165	80	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	165	80	85
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	75	80
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,145	600	550	545	255	290
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	20	75	25	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	50	15	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,055	550	500	445	220	230
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	395	205	195	235	125	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	390	200	195	235	125	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	20	15	5	5	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	60	55	45	20	20
Russian	25	15	15	0	0	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	90	95	180	100	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	460	250	210	175	80	95
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	5	10
Danish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	30	20	10	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	420	220	200	135	65	75
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	80	80	35	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10	5	0	0
Portuguese	115	60	55	5	0	5
Romanian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	20	5	15	20	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	10	0	10
Cantonese	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	65	65	165	75	90
English and French	30	15	15	80	35	45
English and non-official language	95	45	50	80	35	45
French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,900	6,120	5,785	13,460	6,895	6,560
Single responses	11,760	6,060	5,705	13,265	6,810	6,450
Official languages	11,410	5,880	5,530	13,110	6,735	6,380
English	11,395	5,875	5,525	12,890	6,630	6,260
French	10	5	10	225	105	115
Non-official languages	355	180	180	155	70	75
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	20	15	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	20	15	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	355	180	175	125	65	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	30	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	155	150	90	45	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	35	10	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	40	10	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	105	95	70	30	35
Afrikaans	5	0	0	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	200	105	95	55	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	5	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	65	80	195	85	105
English and French	5	5	0	50	25	30
English and non-official language	130	60	75	140	60	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,900	6,120	5,780	13,460	6,900	6,565
None	11,180	5,775	5,405	12,590	6,505	6,085
English	240	120	120	170	80	90
French	95	35	55	410	180	235
Non-official language	385	195	195	280	125	150
Aboriginal	10	5	5	105	50	55
Non-Aboriginal	380	185	190	170	75	90
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,935	5,085	4,845	10,335	5,310	5,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,550	4,900	4,645	9,890	5,085	4,800
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,271	50,368	33,397	47,019	67,584	33,573
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,550	4,900	4,650	9,895	5,090	4,810
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,760	42,429	29,264	41,246	56,881	30,353
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,105	4,715	4,385	9,255	4,880	4,380
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,451	47,556	29,958	46,819	67,712	32,283
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,250	2,810	3,440	5,195	1,945	3,250
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,616	6,021	4,040	5,434	8,414	4,208
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,650	4,050	3,600	8,180	4,400	3,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,070	48,864	32,432	43,696	63,936	30,272
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,925	5,090	4,840	10,365	5,295	5,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,540	4,900	4,640	9,935	5,085	4,850
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,862	57,612	41,680	68,476	93,215	42,547
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,545	4,900	4,645	9,940	5,085	4,860
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,208	45,673	34,437	54,563	72,347	35,940
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,080	4,715	4,360	9,295	4,875	4,425
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,490	55,371	38,971	68,731	93,565	41,357
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,265	2,805	3,465	5,160	1,885	3,275
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,141	7,586	6,781	8,051	9,540	7,194
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,680	4,070	3,615	8,225	4,405	3,820
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,620	55,262	39,013	60,639	79,914	38,434
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,930	5,090	4,835	10,365	5,295	5,070
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,000	2,275	1,725	3,870	2,375	1,495
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,038	63,708	47,201	69,055	87,497	50,614
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,024	72,204	55,549	81,099	96,652	56,458
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.9	92.7	88.3	93.8	96.1	89.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.4	77.1	72.7	74.0	76.3	69.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.1	7.3	11.8	6.1	3.9	10.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,935	5,090	4,850	10,335	5,310	5,030
Without total income	385	185	200	450	220	225
With total income	9,545	4,905	4,645	9,890	5,085	4,800
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.4	95.8	95.7	95.8	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	465	620	1,310	460	850
$10,000 to $19,999	1,250	475	775	1,140	425	720
$20,000 to $29,999	1,150	450	700	1,050	405	645
$30,000 to $39,999	1,120	495	625	880	325	550
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	540	550	775	315	460
$50,000 to $59,999	905	510	390	715	340	375
$60,000 to $69,999	710	425	285	660	345	315
$70,000 to $79,999	605	410	200	510	295	215
$80,000 to $89,999	445	280	165	460	295	170
$90,000 to $99,999	305	210	95	425	270	150
$100,000 and over	885	645	240	1,960	1,600	355
$100,000 to $149,999	640	455	190	1,065	820	245
$150,000 and over	245	190	50	895	785	110
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,935	5,090	4,850	10,340	5,310	5,030
Without after-tax income	380	185	195	445	220	220
With after-tax income	9,555	4,905	4,650	9,895	5,090	4,810
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	95.9	95.7	95.9	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,150	475	675	1,340	470	870
$10,000 to $19,999	1,355	525	835	1,200	445	755
$20,000 to $29,999	1,445	575	870	1,215	465	755
$30,000 to $39,999	1,425	680	750	1,060	405	655
$40,000 to $49,999	1,300	740	555	975	450	520
$50,000 to $59,999	1,005	635	370	855	450	410
$60,000 to $69,999	685	440	250	700	440	260
$70,000 to $79,999	420	280	140	590	375	220
$80,000 and over	770	560	210	1,960	1,590	365
$80,000 to $89,999	280	200	80	425	290	130
$90,000 to $99,999	155	110	50	335	260	70
$100,000 and over	335	250	85	1,205	1,040	165
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,930	5,085	4,845	10,335	5,310	5,030
Without employment income	2,280	1,035	1,245	2,160	910	1,250
With employment income	7,650	4,050	3,600	8,175	4,400	3,780
Percentage with employment income	77.0	79.6	74.3	79.1	82.9	75.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	925	455	475	1,135	565	575
$5,000 to $9,999	505	240	265	610	230	380
$10,000 to $19,999	860	385	480	830	350	485
$20,000 to $29,999	775	300	480	655	235	420
$30,000 to $39,999	755	325	435	625	215	410
$40,000 to $49,999	795	375	420	620	250	375
$50,000 to $59,999	635	355	280	515	250	265
$60,000 to $69,999	570	345	220	480	255	225
$70,000 to $79,999	485	330	160	385	225	160
$80,000 and over	1,340	945	395	2,320	1,835	485
$80,000 to $89,999	400	250	150	375	260	115
$90,000 to $99,999	240	170	70	345	220	125
$100,000 and over	705	530	175	1,600	1,355	240
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,410	...	...	4,820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,999	...	...	115,598	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,327	...	...	96,256	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	695	...	...	850	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,512	...	...	50,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,728	...	...	41,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,710	...	...	3,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,362	...	...	130,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,752	...	...	108,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,410	...	...	4,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,980	...	...	140,747	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,073	...	...	112,196	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	870	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,545	...	...	64,822	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,415	...	...	51,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,725	...	...	3,965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,170	...	...	157,405	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,465	...	...	125,499	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,405	...	...	4,820	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	300	...	...	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	320	...	...	240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	290	...	...	240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	325	...	...	220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,035	...	...	2,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	615	...	...	540	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...	495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	570	...	...	750	...	...
$200,000 and over	410	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,410	...	...	4,820	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	130	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	150	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	200	...	...	135	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	410	...	...	290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	390	...	...	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	385	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	275	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	310	...	...	295	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,460	...	...	2,285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	610	...	...	685	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	380	...	...	515	...	...
$150,000 and over	470	...	...	1,085	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,665	...	...	3,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,098	...	...	129,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,544	...	...	106,952	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,575	...	...	1,590	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,097	...	...	111,506	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,704	...	...	94,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,685	...	...	1,835	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,632	...	...	157,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,568	...	...	128,000	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,272	...	...	66,901	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,584	...	...	61,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,660	...	...	3,885	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,297	...	...	157,049	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,491	...	...	125,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,565	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,252	...	...	160,974	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,821	...	...	127,057	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,695	...	...	1,875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	149,665	...	...	170,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,475	...	...	135,242	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	320	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,566	...	...	86,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,595	...	...	72,425	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	850	525	330	1,140	670	470
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,432	46,848	37,248	48,384	60,599	31,552
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,053	39,552	31,904	41,312	50,688	29,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	895	570	325	1,165	635	525
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,146	54,424	36,967	60,613	74,677	43,634
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,417	42,091	31,873	48,791	58,472	37,102
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,755	6,040	5,715	13,340	6,855	6,485
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,260	2,125	2,140	4,025	1,965	2,055
In the bottom decile	515	265	250	755	375	380
In the second decile	675	335	345	780	375	410
In the third decile	805	385	420	805	390	420
In the fourth decile	1,030	500	530	805	405	405
In the fifth decile	1,230	640	590	870	425	445
In the top half of the distribution	7,495	3,915	3,580	9,320	4,885	4,430
In the sixth decile	1,315	675	640	1,060	555	505
In the seventh decile	1,445	775	670	1,305	660	640
In the eighth decile	1,630	855	770	1,680	880	805
In the ninth decile	1,760	905	855	2,160	1,140	1,025
In the top decile	1,340	710	635	3,115	1,655	1,460
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,755	6,040	5,715	13,340	6,850	6,490
0 to 17 years	2,295	1,190	1,100	3,540	1,820	1,715
0 to 5 years	565	290	275	1,140	595	550
18 to 64 years	7,625	3,890	3,735	8,360	4,290	4,070
65 years and over	1,835	955	880	1,440	740	700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	795	420	375	1,140	570	565
0 to 17 years	210	115	95	365	185	180
0 to 5 years	50	30	20	110	60	45
18 to 64 years	450	245	205	605	305	300
65 years and over	135	65	70	170	75	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8	7.0	6.6	8.5	8.3	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.7	8.6	10.3	10.2	10.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	10.3	7.3	9.6	10.1	8.2
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.3	5.5	7.2	7.1	7.4
65 years and over (%)	7.4	6.8	8.0	11.8	10.1	12.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	305	170	140	440	230	215
0 to 17 years	75	35	40	155	75	80
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	45	25	20
18 to 64 years	215	130	90	275	150	130
65 years and over	15	5	10	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.6	2.8	2.4	3.3	3.4	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	2.9	3.6	4.4	4.1	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	3.4	1.8	3.9	4.2	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	3.3	2.4	3.3	3.5	3.2
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.5	1.1	1.0	1.4	0.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,750	6,050	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Official languages	11,735	6,035	5,700	13,370	6,840	6,535
English	11,730	6,035	5,695	13,370	6,835	6,535
French	605	250	360	1,620	680	940
Non-official languages	1,355	665	690	820	355	465
Aboriginal languages	60	15	35	235	105	135
Algonquian languages	50	20	35	225	105	125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	230	105	125
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	15	215	100	110
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	15	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,305	655	650	585	255	330
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	45	55	15	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	40	35	0	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,205	600	605	510	225	280
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	555	265	290	275	125	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	560	270	290	275	125	150
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	20	10	10	10
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	190	90	100	70	30	40
Russian	40	10	25	10	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	280	140	140	210	95	120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages	375	180	195	155	70	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	25	10	25	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	335	155	180	120	60	55
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	155	120	100	35	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	100	60	10	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Spanish	60	20	45	90	35	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	10	0	0	15	0	10
Cantonese	0	10	0	10	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,755	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,555	5,955	5,605	13,210	6,765	6,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,325	1,220	1,095	3,475	1,810	1,665
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,235	4,730	4,510	9,735	4,955	4,780
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	100	95	165	80	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,755	6,050	5,695	13,380	6,840	6,540
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,950	5,650	5,305	12,965	6,620	6,345
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	790	400	390	405	215	185
Before 1981	410	230	180	165	100	70
1981 to 1990	165	70	95	55	30	20
1991 to 2000	75	45	35	35	15	20
2001 to 2010	90	40	50	70	35	35
2001 to 2005	50	10	40	25	0	15
2006 to 2010	40	25	10	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	50	25	30	85	40	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	795	405	390	405	215	190
Under 5 years	115	60	55	55	45	0
5 to 14 years	170	85	85	150	75	70
15 to 24 years	255	145	110	55	30	30
25 to 44 years	235	100	135	135	60	75
45 years and over	20	15	0	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	795	405	390	405	215	185
Americas	95	55	45	105	55	55
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	10	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	30	25	50	20	30
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	30	10	20
Europe	615	325	295	205	120	85
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	10	10	10	10	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	100	65	30	25	15	15
Greece	0	0	10	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Italy	15	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	30	20	15	10	10	10
Poland	100	45	55	35	25	15
Portugal	85	45	40	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	165	80	85	85	45	35
Other places of birth in Europe	40	30	15	10	0	0
Africa	15	0	0	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	65	25	45	75	35	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	55	25	30	40	20	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	55	20	30	85	40	50
Americas	10	0	0	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	30	10	15	30	10	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	0	15	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	40	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	10	10	30	10	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,755	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	840	430	415	490	245	240
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,940	985	955	1,335	715	620
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,970	4,640	4,330	11,550	5,875	5,675
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	405	185	215	245	120	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	225	100	120	115	60	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	90	60	30	40	30	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	135	40	90	80	30	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	45	70	80	40	50
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	60	40	25	45	25	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,755	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,760	880	885	2,100	1,080	1,015
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,755	880	875	2,075	1,065	1,010
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	330	155	175	530	290	245
Métis	1,420	720	695	1,500	775	730
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	35	0	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,990	5,175	4,815	11,280	5,760	5,520
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,755	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	280	135	145	555	325	230
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,480	5,920	5,560	12,825	6,520	6,310
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,755	6,050	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	210	110	95	915	485	430
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	195	105	90	795	415	375
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	95	45	50	270	145	125
Métis single ancestry	105	60	45	530	275	250
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	115	70	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	120	70	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,540	805	735	1,325	670	650
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,410	745	665	1,190	615	575
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	165	160	510	290	225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	575	510	615	305	310
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	135	60	70	135	60	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	60	70	135	60	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,005	5,140	4,865	11,145	5,685	5,460
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,755	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	290	160	125	200	100	100
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	15	10	15	10	10
Chinese	35	20	15	20	0	15
Black	75	40	40	50	30	15
Filipino	120	65	55	55	25	30
Latin American	10	0	0	25	15	10
Arab	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	0	0	20	0	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	11,460	5,895	5,575	13,180	6,740	6,440
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,750	6,055	5,700	13,380	6,840	6,540
North American Aboriginal origins	1,750	915	835	2,240	1,155	1,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	560	275	285	1,035	560	470
Inuit	10	0	0	60	15	45
Métis	1,330	705	625	1,395	710	685
Other North American origins	2,320	1,135	1,185	4,460	2,305	2,150
Acadian	25	15	10	15	10	0
American	105	60	50	235	115	120
Canadian	2,210	1,080	1,135	4,310	2,240	2,070
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,450	5,370	5,075	10,095	5,065	5,035
British Isles origins	5,040	2,510	2,525	5,950	2,910	3,035
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,060	1,505	1,555	3,640	1,780	1,855
Irish	1,520	700	820	2,460	1,195	1,270
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,565	1,330	1,230	2,320	1,105	1,215
Welsh	220	95	125	175	85	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	190	105	85	230	120	110
French origins	1,440	780	660	3,160	1,525	1,640
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,445	780	660	3,160	1,520	1,635
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,170	1,655	1,515	3,180	1,620	1,560
Austrian	225	150	80	125	75	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	45	70	65	20	45
Dutch	670	365	310	510	250	260
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	2,485	1,295	1,190	2,645	1,370	1,270
Luxembourger	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	15	0	55	20	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,305	630	675	1,500	780	720
Danish	135	70	70	240	105	125
Finnish	50	15	40	65	55	10
Icelandic	635	340	295	50	15	35
Norwegian	280	100	180	675	335	335
Swedish	310	150	165	500	270	230
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Eastern European origins	5,005	2,555	2,445	3,455	1,780	1,675
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	15	35	80	40	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	20	30	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	155	75	75	120	60	60
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,850	890	960	1,245	660	590
Romanian	85	40	50	135	50	85
Russian	280	160	120	380	215	165
Slovak	20	15	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	3,855	1,990	1,865	2,400	1,225	1,175
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	845	475	370	295	110	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	50	25	20	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	20	15	0	10
Italian	375	205	165	205	80	125
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	275	150	125	35	10	25
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	15	15	15	10	10
Spanish	45	25	20	15	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	10	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	40	15	95	50	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	0	0	90	50	40
Caribbean origins	60	25	30	40	30	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	15	10	25	20	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	25	30	50	15	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	10	0	0	10
Chilean	15	10	10	15	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	35	15	25	35	20	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	10	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	15	15	30	15	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	10	0	20	10	0
Asian origins	250	135	115	160	60	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	15	15	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	25	20	10	20	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	10	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	200	110	90	130	50	75
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	45	35	10	40	10	35
Filipino	125	70	55	85	30	50
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	10	0	40	30	20
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
Owner	4,180	...	...	4,390	...	...
Renter	225	...	...	445	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	4,355	...	...	4,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	150	...	...
2 bedrooms	750	...	...	670	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,110	...	...	1,755	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,480	...	...	2,255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	370	...	...	515	...	...
5 rooms	715	...	...	805	...	...
6 rooms	800	...	...	755	...	...
7 rooms	720	...	...	705	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,800	...	...	2,060	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,380	...	...	4,775	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
Suitable	4,300	...	...	4,730	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
1960 or before	710	...	...	460	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,475	...	...	1,085	...	...
1981 to 1990	745	...	...	835	...	...
1991 to 2000	545	...	...	685	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	405	...	...
2006 to 2010	360	...	...	615	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	235	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,990	...	...	4,370	...	...
Major repairs needed	415	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,410	...	...	4,835	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,980	...	...	2,720	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,355	...	...	2,050	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,405	...	...	4,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	350	...	...	815	...	...
35 to 44 years	685	...	...	920	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,090	...	...	1,090	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,170	...	...	1,015	...	...
65 to 74 years	690	...	...	570	...	...
75 to 84 years	315	...	...	280	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,265	...	...	4,400	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,730	...	...	3,725	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	535	...	...	680	...	...
30% to less than 100%	480	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,055	...	...	3,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.9	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.7	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	975	...	...	1,416	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,162	...	...	1,539	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,913	...	...	449,217	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	384,526	...	...	498,971	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	225	...	...	430	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.3	...	...	26.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	1,087	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	961	...	...	1,192	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,930	5,090	4,835	10,365	5,295	5,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,645	980	660	2,315	1,305	1,010
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,250	1,620	1,630	2,780	1,285	1,495
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,030	2,485	2,545	5,265	2,705	2,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,085	850	235	1,895	1,520	375
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	440	290	155	490	310	180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	640	560	80	1,405	1,205	195
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,160	955	1,200	2,340	895	1,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	300	130	170	255	55	195
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,490	550	940	780	235	545
Bachelor's degree	1,145	395	750	605	160	445
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	35	90	55	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	10	30	20	0
Master's degree	140	70	70	80	20	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	20	20	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,625	3,365	3,260	7,445	3,740	3,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	670	455	220	1,155	680	480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,125	1,085	1,040	1,985	850	1,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,830	1,820	2,005	4,310	2,210	2,095
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	755	575	180	1,525	1,240	290
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	295	165	130	370	235	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	460	410	50	1,155	1,000	155
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,670	740	930	1,975	750	1,220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	80	130	180	55	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,195	430	765	625	170	455
Bachelor's degree	945	325	615	495	120	375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	25	75	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	0	15	10	10
Master's degree	90	45	50	70	20	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	10	25	20	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,925	5,090	4,835	10,365	5,295	5,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,900	2,605	2,295	5,095	2,590	2,510
Education	375	70	305	385	90	295
13. Education	375	65	305	385	85	300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	50	40	100	30	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	20	35	85	10	75
Humanities	170	55	115	115	50	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	55	0	50	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	45	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	35	15	15
54. History	30	15	10	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	395	110	290	330	20	310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	100	190	10	190
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	40	75	10	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	0	0	10
42. Psychology	50	10	40	15	0	20
45. Social sciences	150	85	60	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	1,005	335	670	710	90	620
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	45	85	50	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	875	290	585	650	95	555
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	65	75	85	35	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	35	30	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	25	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	35	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	30	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	45	50	70	35	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	45	40	70	35	30
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,415	1,350	65	2,155	1,980	175
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	0
14. Engineering	95	75	20	85	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	245	225	25	340	265	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	380	385	0	625	615	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	515	505	0	860	800	60
48. Precision production	170	160	10	230	220	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	135	45	210	110	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	80	25	110	55	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	15	105	55	55
Health and related fields	855	120	735	655	50	605
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	10	15	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	815	100	725	640	45	600
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	310	155	150	460	215	245
12. Personal and culinary services	160	20	135	240	25	215
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	60	0	45	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	65	10	160	140	20
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,630	3,365	3,265	7,445	3,740	3,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,795	1,540	1,255	3,140	1,530	1,605
Education	260	45	215	255	45	205
13. Education	260	45	215	250	45	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	25	25	95	20	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	25	85	10	70
Humanities	135	50	90	100	40	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	0	40	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	20	25	40	20	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	30	15	15
54. History	30	15	15	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	325	90	240	290	15	270
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	165	0	160
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	70	10	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	25	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	120	65	60	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	765	235	530	625	85	535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	30	65	45	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	660	200	465	570	80	485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	35	50	75	40	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	20	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	30	20	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	25	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	45	50	60	30	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	45	40	65	30	30
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,055	995	60	1,795	1,640	155
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	15	15	0
14. Engineering	75	55	20	75	65	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	215	195	25	290	220	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	275	270	0	515	500	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	360	350	10	710	660	50
48. Precision production	125	110	15	195	180	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	100	40	165	95	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	50	25	90	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	20	70	50	25
Health and related fields	680	90	585	490	35	455
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	0	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	660	75	585	480	30	450
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	235	125	120	370	160	210
12. Personal and culinary services	130	25	110	190	10	175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	40	30	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	140	120	20
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,925	5,090	4,840	10,360	5,295	5,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,895	2,600	2,295	5,095	2,590	2,505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,035	2,485	2,545	5,265	2,705	2,560
Location of study inside Canada	4,820	2,370	2,450	5,095	2,625	2,470
Same as province or territory of residence	4,400	2,110	2,285	4,195	2,215	1,985
Different than province or territory of residence	420	255	165	895	410	485
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	215	115	95	175	85	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	35	20	65	30	35
Philippines	20	10	10	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	55	30	20	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	10
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	70	35	35	50	30	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,625	3,360	3,260	7,445	3,740	3,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,795	1,535	1,260	3,135	1,530	1,610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,830	1,825	2,005	4,310	2,215	2,095
Location of study inside Canada	3,715	1,775	1,940	4,170	2,150	2,020
Same as province or territory of residence	3,365	1,560	1,800	3,420	1,820	1,605
Different than province or territory of residence	350	215	135	745	330	415
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	115	50	70	140	60	75
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	20	20	40	15	25
Philippines	20	10	10	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	15	20	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	25	10	15	55	25	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,925	5,090	4,835	10,360	5,295	5,070
In the labour force	6,985	3,705	3,280	7,505	4,095	3,405
Employed	6,650	3,495	3,155	6,665	3,590	3,070
Unemployed	330	210	125	840	505	335
Not in the labour force	2,945	1,390	1,560	2,860	1,200	1,660
Participation rate	70.4	72.8	67.8	72.4	77.3	67.2
Employment rate	67.0	68.7	65.3	64.3	67.8	60.6
Unemployment rate	4.7	5.7	3.8	11.2	12.3	9.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,925	5,090	4,840	10,365	5,295	5,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,560	1,135	1,425	2,340	900	1,440
Worked	7,370	3,955	3,415	8,025	4,395	3,630
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,100	2,355	1,750	4,040	2,480	1,565
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,270	1,605	1,665	3,985	1,920	2,065
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.4	43.5	41.9	42.6	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,985	3,700	3,285	7,500	4,095	3,410
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	25	110	35	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,935	3,680	3,255	7,395	4,060	3,335
Employee	5,925	3,025	2,895	6,015	3,165	2,850
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,010	650	360	1,385	895	485
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,985	3,705	3,280	7,500	4,095	3,410
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	25	105	35	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,935	3,680	3,255	7,395	4,060	3,340
0 Management occupations	890	535	355	1,015	650	360
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,160	230	930	1,105	150	960
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	315	260	55	315	205	110
3 Health occupations	545	75	465	340	25	310
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	760	245	515	560	115	440
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	40	75	75	15	65
6 Sales and service occupations	1,285	565	715	1,080	330	750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,525	1,460	70	1,855	1,670	180
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	140	115	30	630	550	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	205	160	45	430	350	85
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,985	3,705	3,280	7,500	4,095	3,410
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	25	25	105	35	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,935	3,680	3,255	7,400	4,060	3,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	225	165	60	535	315	215
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	1,550	1,215	340
22 Utilities	155	130	25	40	30	10
23 Construction	740	635	105	890	730	160
31-33 Manufacturing	480	360	120	220	160	60
41 Wholesale trade	330	255	80	165	100	65
44-45 Retail trade	750	370	385	505	160	340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	540	435	100	375	255	120
51 Information and cultural industries	125	55	70	30	20	10
52 Finance and insurance	190	60	125	140	25	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	30	50	95	55	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	120	140	295	145	145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	205	115	90	305	165	140
61 Educational services	480	140	345	390	75	320
62 Health care and social assistance	1,005	165	840	565	45	520
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	100	50	50	85	30	55
72 Accommodation and food services	340	110	230	250	90	160
81 Other services (except public administration)	305	165	140	435	225	220
91 Public administration	575	300	280	520	230	285
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,655	3,495	3,160	6,660	3,590	3,070
Worked at home	545	290	260	870	450	415
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	825	640	190	1,310	1,020	285
Worked at usual place	5,270	2,560	2,710	4,485	2,120	2,370
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,270	2,555	2,710	4,485	2,120	2,365
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	520	255	265	575	310	265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,550	645	900	3,655	1,625	2,035
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,155	1,615	1,540	215	170	45
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	10	40	15	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,095	3,195	2,900	5,790	3,140	2,650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,530	2,975	2,560	5,145	2,765	2,385
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	310	120	190	350	205	150
Public transit	105	10	95	120	85	35
Walked	75	40	35	100	55	45
Bicycle	35	30	0	10	10	10
Other method	45	25	20	60	30	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,100	3,200	2,900	5,790	3,140	2,655
Less than 15 minutes	1,175	610	565	1,575	735	840
15 to 29 minutes	2,010	880	1,125	1,990	965	1,025
30 to 44 minutes	1,740	1,025	715	1,020	570	450
45 to 59 minutes	775	430	345	435	270	165
60 minutes and over	395	255	140	765	600	165
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,100	3,200	2,900	5,790	3,140	2,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	335	250	85	730	605	130
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,455	940	510	1,405	965	440
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,920	985	930	1,655	800	850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,190	450	740	945	250	695
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	415	175	245	360	120	235
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	780	400	385	695	390	300
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	7,580	4,055	3,520	8,255	4,480	3,780
Single responses	7,560	4,050	3,510	8,245	4,470	3,775
Official languages	7,545	4,035	3,510	8,240	4,465	3,775
English	7,515	4,025	3,485	8,195	4,455	3,735
French	35	10	25	50	15	35
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	7,580	4,055	3,525	8,255	4,475	3,780
None	7,455	4,015	3,445	7,965	4,355	3,615
English	35	15	20	30	0	30
French	50	15	40	215	95	115
Non-official language	25	10	20	35	20	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	15	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	11,690	6,025	5,660	13,240	6,745	6,495
Non-movers	10,985	5,665	5,320	12,175	6,230	5,950
Movers	705	365	345	1,060	520	545
Non-migrants	160	85	80	495	245	250
Migrants	540	280	260	570	270	295
Internal migrants	510	265	245	565	270	295
Intraprovincial migrants	460	245	210	525	265	265
Interprovincial migrants	50	20	35	40	10	35
External migrants	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,275	5,795	5,475	12,450	6,340	6,110
Non-movers	8,890	4,590	4,295	8,010	4,160	3,855
Movers	2,390	1,205	1,180	4,440	2,190	2,250
Non-migrants	735	375	365	2,310	1,175	1,140
Migrants	1,650	830	820	2,125	1,015	1,115
Internal migrants	1,570	795	770	2,090	1,000	1,095
Intraprovincial migrants	1,480	760	715	1,455	670	790
Interprovincial migrants	90	35	55	630	330	305
External migrants	80	40	45	35	15	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. St. Andrews, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bonnyville No. 87, MD [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bonnyville No. 87, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bonnyville No. 87, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Andrews, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bonnyville No. 87, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta