Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Montréal Quebec [Census metropolitan area]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	4,098,927	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	3,934,078 r	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,823,281	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	890.2	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,604.26	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	4,098,925	2,000,935	2,097,990	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	691,345	353,270	338,075	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	231,320	118,405	112,920	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	242,610	124,075	118,535	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	217,415	110,795	106,620	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	2,735,890	1,356,315	1,379,575	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	225,345	114,530	110,815	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	271,635	136,530	135,105	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	270,735	134,135	136,600	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	279,175	136,275	142,905	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	295,330	145,080	150,255	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	276,490	137,505	138,985	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	277,560	138,805	138,755	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	303,980	152,325	151,660	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	291,385	143,585	147,805	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	244,235	117,550	126,690	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	671,690	291,345	380,345	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	210,080	98,390	111,690	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	162,985	74,565	88,420	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	118,450	51,740	66,710	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	89,460	36,985	52,470	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	90,720	29,665	61,060	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	58,055	21,025	37,030	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	25,420	7,160	18,260	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	6,285	1,350	4,935	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	965	130	830	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.7	16.1	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	66.7	67.8	65.8	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	16.4	14.6	18.1	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.9	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	40.6	39.5	41.6	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	40.3	39.3	41.2	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	564,230	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	151,365	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,007,340	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	86,460	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	56,770	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	146,085	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	711,775	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	6,255	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	4,380	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	570,285	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	551,270	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	257,130	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	231,025	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	117,600	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,009,790	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	3,407,580	1,647,665	1,759,915	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	1,845,335	925,190	920,145	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	1,226,235	613,925	612,315	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	619,100	311,270	307,830	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	1,562,240	722,470	839,775	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	1,077,075	569,720	507,355	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	58,740	24,795	33,945	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	245,625	91,055	154,570	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	180,805	36,900	143,910	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,101,980	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	539,635	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	244,885	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	224,230	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	93,225	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,101,985	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	898,085	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	588,970	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	309,115	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	203,895	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	158,625	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	45,270	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	898,090	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	413,795	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	484,290	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	185,880	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	209,465	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	88,950	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	203,895	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	125,840	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	59,010	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	19,045	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	802,100	385,725	416,380	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	1,065,055	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	399,960	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	665,095	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	18,140	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	644,110	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	570,285	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	73,825	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	286,275	143,255	143,025	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	1,472,060	662,855	809,205	1,810	820	985
English and French	2,231,540	1,150,975	1,080,565	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	63,480	25,175	38,305	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	765,805	382,720	383,080	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	2,980,955	1,448,725	1,532,235	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	244,955	126,535	118,415	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	61,645	24,280	37,365	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	888,280	445,990	442,290	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	21.9	22.5	21.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	3,907,510	1,909,450	1,998,060	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	2,996,905	1,467,115	1,529,795	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	444,955	222,890	222,065	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	2,551,955	1,244,225	1,307,730	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	910,605	442,335	468,270	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	755	275	480	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	370	145	225	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	0	5	0	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	320	120	200	840	375	465
Atikamekw	30	10	25	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	50	20	30	10	0	10
Plains Cree	5	0	5	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	140	50	90	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	5	15	10	5	10
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	5	10	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	10	155	55	105
Algonquin	30	20	15	5	5	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	0	110	55	55
Beaver	0	0	0	160	75	85
Carrier	0	0	0	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	0	0	0	650	295	355
Dene	0	0	0	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	5	5	0	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	0	5	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haida	0	0	0	70	30	40
Inuit languages	270	70	195	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuktitut	225	60	170	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	75	40	40	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	70	35	35	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	100	55	50
Michif	0	0	0	35	20	10
Salish languages	5	0	5	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	230	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	160
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	435	220	215
Squamish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	250	130	120
Siouan languages	0	0	5	45	25	20
Dakota	5	0	5	30	15	20
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	875	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	385	195	190
Tsimshian	0	0	0	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	795	365	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	909,845	442,055	467,790	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	176,965	92,830	84,135	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	18,945	10,025	8,915	115	75	45
Kabyle	11,315	5,975	5,335	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	7,625	4,050	3,580	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	760	365	395	1,505	765	740
Bilen	10	10	5	5	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	205	115	95
Somali	725	340	385	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	20	10	15
Semitic languages	157,015	82,305	74,715	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	665	310	355	1,370	670	700
Arabic	151,955	79,715	72,240	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	125	65	60	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	440	245	200
Harari	5	0	5	20	5	15
Hebrew	3,810	1,990	1,820	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	15	5	10	215	100	115
Tigrigna	340	165	180	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	245	140	110	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,385	15,675	17,715	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,945	3,690	4,255	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	25,430	11,975	13,450	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	20,215	7,315	12,895	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	110	35	75	375	165	215
Cebuano	760	250	510	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	0	0	0	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	400	130	275	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	2,035	740	1,295	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	825	385	440	20	10	15
Malay	605	235	370	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	200	90	110	700	320	380
Pangasinan	90	40	50	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	14,865	5,275	9,590	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	50	10	35	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	275	120	160	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	54,205	23,910	30,300	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	1,965	930	1,035	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	51,325	22,520	28,805	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	915	460	460	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	14,695	7,335	7,365	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	230	125	105	280	150	135
Malayalam	405	215	190	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	13,490	6,650	6,835	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	555	335	215	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	20	10	10	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	493,565	239,965	253,600	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	2,455	1,250	1,205	1,465	765	705
Armenian	16,170	7,835	8,335	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	58,295	26,270	32,025	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	725	265	455	1,070	485	585
Latvian	235	90	150	565	255	300
Lithuanian	485	180	305	505	225	280
Slavic languages	57,570	26,005	31,570	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	70	40	25	95	45	50
Bosnian	455	220	230	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	6,395	3,095	3,295	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	1,865	930	935	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	1,175	540	635	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	175	90	90	325	160	165
Polish	12,185	5,280	6,905	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	26,370	11,785	14,585	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	1,890	930	955	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	655	305	345	1,395	670	725
Slovak	900	385	510	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	690	310	375	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	4,640	2,025	2,610	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	125	65	65	345	175	170
Celtic languages	110	65	45	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	5	240	130	110
Welsh	25	10	15	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	95	50	45
Germanic languages	21,470	10,340	11,130	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	90	40	50	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	300	145	155	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	1,820	920	900	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	5	5	5	295	145	145
German	9,235	4,195	5,040	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	60	25	30	275	135	145
Norwegian	145	70	70	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	445	205	245	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	310	125	185	445	220	225
Yiddish	8,960	4,545	4,410	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	65	45	25
Greek	37,710	18,830	18,885	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	70,940	36,585	34,350	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	43,890	22,860	21,030	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	10,805	5,515	5,290	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	6,005	2,940	3,060	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	2,905	1,565	1,335	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	15	15	0	65	35	25
Konkani	110	60	50	255	130	125
Marathi	235	135	100	620	325	295
Nepali	350	170	180	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	30	20	10	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,250	6,645	5,605	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	310	150	160	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	620	300	315	1,675	845	830
Urdu	10,260	5,335	4,925	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	26,720	13,545	13,180	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	790	425	365	1,765	945	825
Pashto	1,190	625	560	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	24,740	12,485	12,255	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	330	185	145	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	286,425	138,790	147,635	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	260	135	130	160	85	75
Italian	101,230	49,650	51,570	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	31,025	14,925	16,100	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	33,050	15,835	17,215	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	120,765	58,185	62,580	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	55	40	105	65	40
Japanese	2,065	635	1,430	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	160	75	85	85	50	35
Georgian	160	80	85	85	50	40
Korean	4,865	2,160	2,710	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	185	75	110	360	150	205
Mongolian	185	75	110	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	19,245	9,725	9,520	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	1,015	500	510	495	275	220
Bamanankan	975	530	445	10	5	5
Edo	70	40	25	85	50	35
Ewe	485	275	210	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	1,625	840	785	45	25	20
Ga	80	40	40	45	20	25
Ganda	20	5	10	90	45	45
Igbo	95	55	45	245	145	105
Lingala	1,970	920	1,050	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,700	790	905	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,425	640	790	155	70	80
Shona	75	40	35	215	100	115
Swahili	1,305	620	685	805	400	405
Wolof	2,440	1,305	1,135	50	25	25
Yoruba	205	130	80	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,755	2,990	2,765	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	170	95	70	340	175	165
Dinka	0	0	0	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	240	115	125
Sign languages	795	410	380	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	50	25	20	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	435	210	225	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	315	180	140	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	71,705	33,385	38,320	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	71,485	33,270	38,215	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	23,450	11,055	12,400	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	460	205	255	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	40,195	18,570	21,625	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	25	10	10	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,105	1,435	1,675	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,020	450	575	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,140	1,510	1,635	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	220	110	110	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	60	20	35	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	0	0	0	815	395	425
Tibetan	100	55	40	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	4,080	1,845	2,240	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	3,545	1,710	1,830	1,100	550	550
Thai	530	135	395	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	7,375	3,765	3,610	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	260	145	120	530	290	235
Turkish	6,625	3,390	3,235	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	190	95	100	170	85	85
Uzbek	125	65	65	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	190	80	110
Uralic languages	5,650	2,570	3,080	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	170	65	105	705	295	410
Finnish	290	95	200	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	5,185	2,410	2,775	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	490	275	220	500	280	225
Multiple responses	145,850	72,810	73,040	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	47,150	23,885	23,265	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	25,440	12,510	12,940	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	56,960	28,035	28,925	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	16,300	8,390	7,910	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	4,053,355	1,982,260	2,071,100	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	3,784,235	1,850,955	1,933,280	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	3,289,705	1,613,690	1,676,015	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	620,510	309,205	311,310	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	2,669,195	1,304,490	1,364,705	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	494,525	237,260	257,265	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	260	110	145	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	145	65	80	105	50	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	140	60	75	85	40	45
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	5	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	10	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	20	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	5	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	80	30	50	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	70	25	45	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	20	10	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dakota	0	0	0	10	10	5
Stoney	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	310	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	5	10	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	494,265	237,150	257,120	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	82,560	41,880	40,680	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	6,830	3,540	3,285	45	25	20
Kabyle	4,610	2,395	2,210	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,225	1,145	1,075	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	360	155	205	770	355	415
Bilen	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	90	50	45
Somali	350	150	200	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	75,305	38,150	37,150	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	315	145	170	600	275	320
Arabic	72,985	36,985	35,995	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	90	50	40	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	310	165	145
Harari	0	0	5	10	5	5
Hebrew	1,680	865	810	900	465	440
Maltese	0	0	5	15	5	10
Tigrigna	190	85	100	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	23,425	10,940	12,480	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,720	2,160	2,560	800	375	420
Vietnamese	18,700	8,785	9,915	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	9,405	3,780	5,625	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	15	10	10	75	30	35
Cebuano	220	100	120	1,305	585	715
Fijian	0	0	0	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	125	55	70	415	175	240
Ilocano	740	305	435	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	260	135	125	10	5	10
Malay	165	80	85	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	35	30	150	70	80
Pangasinan	15	5	5	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,750	3,040	4,710	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	310	150	160
Creole languages	19,975	8,450	11,520	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	775	345	430	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	18,775	7,915	10,865	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	420	190	225	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	11,330	5,555	5,775	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	140	80	65	110	55	60
Malayalam	190	90	95	1,225	615	605
Tamil	10,670	5,185	5,485	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	325	190	130	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	271,930	130,410	141,520	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	1,445	710	730	695	335	360
Armenian	11,835	5,600	6,235	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	35,205	16,555	18,650	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	165	70	95	210	90	115
Latvian	65	30	30	80	30	50
Lithuanian	100	40	60	125	60	65
Slavic languages	35,040	16,485	18,555	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	20	10	15	15	5	5
Bosnian	260	125	135	595	300	300
Bulgarian	4,750	2,320	2,435	1,035	485	550
Croatian	775	365	415	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	375	180	200	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	110	55	50	150	75	75
Polish	5,400	2,430	2,970	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	19,390	9,180	10,215	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	1,065	525	540	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	265	125	140	500	235	265
Slovak	215	105	110	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	220	90	130	145	65	85
Ukrainian	2,160	970	1,190	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	40	20	20
Celtic languages	20	15	0	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	35	20	10
Welsh	5	0	0	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	8,705	4,415	4,295	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	10	10	10	1,475	715	760
Danish	40	20	20	305	145	160
Dutch	245	115	130	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	1,585	715	865	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	35	15	20	75	35	35
Norwegian	15	10	5	140	60	80
Swedish	80	40	45	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	15	50	30	20
Yiddish	6,665	3,485	3,175	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	15	5	5
Greek	18,255	8,720	9,530	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	49,790	24,980	24,810	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	30,075	15,245	14,830	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	8,080	4,010	4,075	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	3,805	1,845	1,965	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	1,485	765	720	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	5	5	0	10	5	5
Konkani	30	15	15	40	25	25
Marathi	80	40	35	270	140	130
Nepali	260	120	135	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	10	10	5	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	8,775	4,650	4,125	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	135	65	70	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	345	175	170	675	330	340
Urdu	7,070	3,560	3,515	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	19,580	9,655	9,915	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	395	210	185	1,080	540	535
Pashto	875	435	440	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	18,305	9,015	9,290	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	145	80	60	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	146,670	69,415	77,255	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	90	40	45	65	35	35
Italian	32,365	14,310	18,055	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	14,570	6,930	7,640	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	22,945	11,215	11,725	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	76,680	36,900	39,775	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	20	5	10
Japanese	875	360	520	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	75	40	35	30	15	10
Georgian	75	40	35	30	15	15
Korean	3,400	1,560	1,835	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	140	70	75	170	80	90
Mongolian	140	70	75	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	4,575	2,190	2,385	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	440	210	230	150	80	65
Bamanankan	220	120	100	5	5	5
Edo	10	5	5	15	10	10
Ewe	95	40	55	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	440	210	235	20	5	10
Ga	15	10	10	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	5	10	5	5
Igbo	10	5	10	40	20	15
Lingala	480	200	285	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	470	215	250	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	335	140	195	60	25	35
Shona	20	5	15	65	25	40
Swahili	380	190	195	200	90	115
Wolof	775	415	355	20	10	10
Yoruba	40	25	20	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	835	400	430	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	30	25	140	60	75
Dinka	0	0	0	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	85	30	55
Sign languages	1,050	590	460	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	70	35	35	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	455	230	225	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	530	325	200	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	56,635	27,025	29,605	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	56,510	26,965	29,545	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	17,330	8,200	9,130	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	155	75	80	700	295	410
Mandarin	34,295	16,475	17,820	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	0	0	0	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,780	810	970	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	755	345	415	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,160	1,045	1,115	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	120	60	60	1,745	885	865
Burmese	20	10	10	720	375	350
Karenic languages	0	0	0	725	355	370
Tibetan	65	35	30	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	2,045	990	1,060	1,380	595	785
Lao	1,875	920	955	460	225	235
Thai	170	70	100	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages	4,795	2,380	2,415	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	95	40	50	195	105	95
Turkish	4,420	2,200	2,220	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	130	70	65	95	50	50
Uzbek	90	45	45	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	40	20	25
Uralic languages	1,885	825	1,055	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	30	10	15	95	40	55
Finnish	40	20	25	725	325	400
Hungarian	1,815	800	1,015	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	105	60	45	145	70	75
Multiple responses	269,125	131,305	137,820	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	60,730	30,695	30,030	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	50,935	24,565	26,370	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	118,985	56,730	62,255	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	38,480	19,310	19,165	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	4,053,360	1,982,260	2,071,100	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	3,138,775	1,528,660	1,610,115	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	313,765	159,265	154,495	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	247,580	122,255	125,325	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	274,120	132,890	141,230	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	385	150	235	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	273,730	132,745	140,990	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	33,020	16,620	16,400	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	23,200	11,400	11,800	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	21,615	10,500	11,110	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	1,295	660	630	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	3,319,405	1,614,050	1,705,355	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,188,850	1,552,825	1,636,025	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,040	37,389	29,280	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,665	32,824	26,822	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,825,595	1,405,535	1,420,065	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,834	36,170	26,012	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,452,585	1,109,840	1,342,745	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,943	3,836	7,574	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,335,685	1,199,875	1,135,815	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,153	36,210	28,453	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,188,425	1,552,245	1,636,175	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,742	51,915	37,937	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,189,055	1,552,325	1,636,735	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,157	40,802	31,752	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,825,025	1,404,810	1,420,220	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,508	51,847	35,260	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,452,910	1,109,715	1,343,195	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,050	6,985	8,930	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,335,665	1,199,715	1,135,955	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,247	49,826	36,298	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,032,045	563,555	468,490	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	49,292	53,860	44,640	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	60,760	67,966	52,092	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	86.2	90.4	80.7	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	70.7	74.1	66.4	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	13.8	9.6	19.3	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	130,555	61,225	69,330	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	3,188,850	1,552,830	1,636,020	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	95.9	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	431,255	201,835	229,425	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	575,490	235,195	340,300	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	465,445	201,390	264,050	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	397,270	187,125	210,145	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	348,385	166,795	181,595	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	259,535	131,895	127,645	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	186,985	101,135	85,850	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	147,600	82,105	65,495	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	101,535	59,265	42,270	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	67,295	42,730	24,560	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	208,040	143,365	64,680	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	134,980	90,500	44,480	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	73,065	52,865	20,205	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,319,405	1,614,055	1,705,350	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	129,930	61,125	68,805	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	3,189,475	1,552,930	1,636,550	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	96.0	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	446,310	205,380	240,930	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	603,035	249,060	353,975	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	563,105	250,605	312,495	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	513,345	247,595	265,755	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	382,030	192,695	189,335	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	251,595	136,730	114,865	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	163,355	93,030	70,325	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	91,425	57,255	34,170	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	175,275	120,585	54,690	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	53,535	35,090	18,445	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	32,550	22,020	10,535	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	89,195	63,475	25,720	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	3,319,410	1,614,055	1,705,355	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	983,720	414,180	569,540	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	2,335,690	1,199,875	1,135,815	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	70.4	74.3	66.6	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	299,295	149,895	149,400	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	184,940	83,240	101,700	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	340,270	154,940	185,330	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	284,860	131,565	153,295	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	270,990	129,240	141,755	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	231,135	113,170	117,965	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	180,235	96,470	83,765	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	137,210	77,190	60,015	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	118,920	67,175	51,740	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	287,835	196,980	90,855	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	76,195	48,370	27,820	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	52,260	35,045	17,220	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	159,380	113,560	45,820	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,790	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,738	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	570,285	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,081	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,617	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,157,020	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,109	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,635	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,589	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,755	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	570,105	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,387	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,729	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,157,200	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,395	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,533	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	31,115	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	29,850	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	56,095	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	82,840	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	83,555	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	73,240	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	81,155	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	84,995	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	84,255	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80,890	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,605	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130,650	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	115,305	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	99,710	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85,240	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	457,820	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	161,115	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105,170	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	105,180	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	86,355	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	33,060	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30,330	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	56,650	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	87,175	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	94,285	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	88,045	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	103,400	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	104,955	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100,370	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	97,330	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	174,750	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	148,275	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	122,370	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	101,920	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	82,880	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	301,515	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	139,215	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	71,850	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	90,455	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,102,785	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,175	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,355	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	391,400	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,547	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,319	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	486,280	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,941	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,292	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	194,800	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,054	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,837	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,102,830	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,883	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,503	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	391,140	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,312	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,776	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	486,710	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,244	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,314	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	194,630	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,308	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,714	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	718,550	350,225	368,325	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,850	31,216	28,734	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,212	28,012	26,567	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	717,340	348,660	368,680	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,160	40,830	37,582	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	32,366	33,188	31,588	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	4,009,790	1,966,755	2,043,035	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,258,795	1,083,185	1,175,610	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	416,230	205,250	210,980	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	435,520	197,820	237,700	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	489,830	233,765	256,070	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	474,330	229,435	244,895	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	442,885	216,920	225,965	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	1,750,995	883,570	867,425	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	419,115	208,630	210,490	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	392,990	197,220	195,770	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	361,460	182,895	178,565	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	305,085	155,505	149,580	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	272,335	139,320	133,015	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	4,009,795	1,966,755	2,043,035	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	819,405	418,510	400,895	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	279,080	142,795	136,285	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	2,588,750	1,278,315	1,310,435	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	601,635	269,930	331,705	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	614,140	288,445	325,695	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	128,620	65,805	62,820	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	44,445	22,620	21,830	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	381,890	185,820	196,065	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	103,635	36,820	66,810	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.7	15.9	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	15.7	15.7	15.7	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	15.8	16.0	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.5	15.0	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	17.2	13.6	20.1	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	479,645	232,435	247,210	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	90,445	46,360	44,090	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	31,445	16,025	15,425	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	326,695	164,545	162,150	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	62,505	21,530	40,970	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.0	11.8	12.1	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.0	11.1	11.0	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	11.2	11.3	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	12.9	12.4	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.0	12.4	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	3,946,685	1,941,955	2,004,730	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	2,500,590	1,285,835	1,214,755	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	3,663,310	1,799,755	1,863,560	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	1,332,070	642,340	689,730	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	1,065	505	565	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	410	235	180	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	0	0	0	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	335	165	170	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	100	50	45	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	70	45	25	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	10	0	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	55	25	30
Woods Cree	0	0	0	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	130	50	80	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	30	10	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	30	30	10	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	30	10	310	100	205
Algonquin	35	25	10	20	0	15
Ojibway	0	10	0	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	200	100	95
Beaver	0	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	0	0	0	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	10	10	10	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	0	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haida	0	0	0	455	195	255
Inuit languages	450	155	295	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Inuktitut	405	145	270	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	180	115	65	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	175	115	60	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	170	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	110	50	60
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	105
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,280	630	650
Squamish	0	0	0	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	540	280	260
Siouan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Dakota	0	0	0	30	15	15
Stoney	0	0	0	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	10	0	0	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	0	0	0	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,460	670	795
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	15	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,331,075	641,870	689,200	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	271,775	141,620	130,150	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	24,835	13,075	11,760	145	95	45
Kabyle	14,590	7,710	6,880	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10,385	5,435	4,950	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	1,105	535	570	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	30	20	15	20	10	15
Oromo	30	20	0	245	140	110
Somali	1,040	490	550	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages	259,135	134,960	124,175	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	980	470	510	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	241,000	125,545	115,455	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	165	85	80	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	570	285	285
Harari	10	0	10	55	35	20
Hebrew	17,705	9,290	8,415	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	20	0	10	315	155	155
Tigrigna	360	165	195	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	165	80	85	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	615	315	300	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	42,285	20,135	22,150	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,535	5,000	5,535	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	32,090	15,315	16,780	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	29,150	11,030	18,120	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	105	50	55	530	215	310
Cebuano	915	315	600	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	10	0	10	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	500	180	315	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	2,450	875	1,575	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	1,450	680	770	25	15	10
Malay	985	420	565	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	195	100	100	855	365	495
Pangasinan	55	15	35	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25,560	9,430	16,135	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	45	10	35	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	415	200	215	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	108,785	48,755	60,040	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	4,400	2,020	2,375	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	102,510	45,840	56,670	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,470	1,185	1,280	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	18,510	9,380	9,125	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	395	200	195	510	250	265
Malayalam	485	275	210	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	17,130	8,610	8,520	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	890	520	370	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	35	15	20	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	751,240	360,635	390,595	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	2,880	1,460	1,420	1,640	840	795
Armenian	19,925	9,575	10,350	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	75,250	35,075	40,175	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	940	415	525	1,030	515	520
Latvian	275	110	165	555	290	265
Lithuanian	665	300	360	475	220	250
Slavic languages	74,470	34,735	39,740	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	310	130	180	245	115	125
Bosnian	580	275	310	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	6,785	3,315	3,475	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	2,800	1,380	1,425	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	1,665	765	900	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	235	105	130	400	220	185
Polish	15,340	6,880	8,465	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	42,245	20,025	22,220	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	2,430	1,135	1,295	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	985	435	545	1,525	770	750
Slovak	1,235	595	645	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	900	445	460	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	8,040	3,440	4,595	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	125	55	70	420	215	205
Celtic languages	375	220	155	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	105	60	40	660	395	265
Welsh	65	35	35	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	215	125	85	860	450	410
Germanic languages	47,450	23,730	23,720	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	300	195	105	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	590	285	305	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	3,380	1,780	1,600	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	0	10	0	465	230	240
German	30,070	15,095	14,975	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	100	60	35	405	210	195
Norwegian	355	170	185	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	1,235	600	635	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	510	175	335	545	270	275
Yiddish	12,340	6,195	6,140	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	175	75	105	155	95	60
Greek	49,445	24,590	24,860	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	87,330	44,890	42,440	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	56,910	29,560	27,350	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	12,600	6,470	6,135	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	7,830	3,805	4,025	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	14,950	7,950	6,995	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	50	30	15	60	30	25
Konkani	145	75	75	415	215	200
Marathi	460	240	220	1,475	780	695
Nepali	355	190	165	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	50	30	20	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,580	9,550	8,030	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	470	225	245	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,285	595	690	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	15,920	8,370	7,550	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	31,700	15,960	15,740	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	980	510	475	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	1,630	900	725	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	29,530	14,835	14,695	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	625	335	290	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	497,655	234,820	262,835	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	695	420	270	395	210	180
Italian	161,770	78,465	83,305	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	45,620	22,935	22,685	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	39,265	18,875	20,390	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	280,030	128,635	151,400	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	335	225	115	380	245	140
Japanese	5,465	2,505	2,955	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	200	105	100	115	55	60
Georgian	200	100	95	115	55	55
Korean	5,795	2,645	3,150	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	235	115	115	370	170	200
Mongolian	235	115	120	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	37,280	18,580	18,700	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	1,715	900	815	630	350	280
Bamanankan	1,805	935	865	30	20	15
Edo	170	85	85	145	80	60
Ewe	975	615	360	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,730	1,420	1,310	105	30	70
Ga	285	150	140	150	95	50
Ganda	55	25	35	165	80	85
Igbo	240	155	85	425	240	185
Lingala	7,670	3,435	4,235	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,235	1,045	1,185	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,955	880	1,075	290	125	165
Shona	130	60	70	415	220	195
Swahili	4,240	2,070	2,170	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	4,815	2,570	2,245	50	25	30
Yoruba	700	375	320	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	12,690	6,510	6,180	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	185	140	405	210	200
Dinka	0	0	0	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	330	190	140	325	155	165
Sign languages	4,320	1,715	2,610	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	465	170	295	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	2,545	905	1,635	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,470	680	785	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	83,535	39,325	44,205	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	83,340	39,220	44,125	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	30,500	14,230	16,270	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	525	230	295	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	54,180	25,145	29,040	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	15	0	10	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,030	1,790	2,240	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,185	520	670	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,300	2,100	2,200	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	40	50	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	215	125	85	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	75	45	35	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	0	0	0	955	485	465
Tibetan	45	35	10	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	6,170	2,915	3,250	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	5,085	2,490	2,595	1,630	735	890
Thai	1,700	680	1,015	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	10	0
Turkic languages	11,490	5,725	5,760	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	450	235	215	945	510	435
Turkish	10,555	5,275	5,275	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	235	110	125	115	60	55
Uzbek	195	85	110	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	195	100	100	275	140	130
Uralic languages	6,965	3,215	3,750	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	125	50	70	780	350	425
Finnish	370	145	225	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	6,475	3,020	3,455	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,445	825	625	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,085	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	3,696,245	1,811,975	1,884,270	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	772,360	394,515	377,845	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,923,885	1,417,465	1,506,425	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	313,545	154,730	158,815	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,002,625	1,476,535	1,526,095	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	936,305	452,805	483,500	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	207,840	100,575	107,265	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	112,945	55,685	57,265	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	163,525	77,675	85,850	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	272,725	131,570	141,160	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	118,885	57,445	61,440	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	153,840	74,115	79,720	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	179,270	87,305	91,965	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	70,860	37,370	33,490	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	936,305	452,800	483,505	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	90,505	44,550	45,950	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	148,910	74,380	74,540	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	187,480	85,225	102,255	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	445,085	219,540	225,550	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	64,325	29,110	35,215	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	936,305	452,800	483,505	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	210,770	96,160	114,615	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	5,725	2,750	2,970	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	16,670	7,590	9,085	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	9,955	4,920	5,035	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	2,430	1,060	1,370	1,305	600	710
Haiti	75,740	32,980	42,755	570	250	315
Jamaica	4,425	1,910	2,510	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	13,080	5,855	7,230	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	11,910	5,355	6,555	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	3,885	1,770	2,110	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	17,935	9,055	8,885	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	49,030	22,910	26,115	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	254,860	125,050	129,805	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,085	525	560	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	1,590	815	775	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	56,805	30,005	26,800	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	6,595	2,890	3,700	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	17,885	8,790	9,095	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	3,030	1,440	1,590	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	660	375	285	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	48,935	23,950	24,985	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	1,310	705	600	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	9,380	4,045	5,330	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	16,460	7,960	8,500	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	26,145	12,405	13,745	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	10,290	4,530	5,760	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,320	610	715	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	7,760	3,385	4,375	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	10,385	5,345	5,045	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	35,225	17,275	17,945	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	204,635	105,405	99,230	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	54,275	28,225	26,050	485	310	175
Egypt	18,495	9,675	8,820	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	865	425	435	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	635	290	340	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	54,495	28,020	26,475	985	535	455
Nigeria	1,140	620	525	1,740	925	815
Somalia	475	235	245	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	670	365	305	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	73,580	37,550	36,035	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	264,955	125,605	139,345	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	6,150	3,070	3,085	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	7,745	3,895	3,845	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	43,350	18,265	25,080	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,535	2,220	2,315	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	17,455	8,995	8,460	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	16,545	8,240	8,305	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	2,945	1,585	1,365	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	1,435	345	1,090	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	3,620	1,690	1,930	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	35,765	18,940	16,825	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	9,515	5,015	4,500	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	23,235	8,725	14,510	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	10,620	5,275	5,345	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	16,310	8,040	8,265	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	2,495	1,030	1,470	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	23,465	10,865	12,600	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	39,760	19,400	20,355	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,095	585	510	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	179,270	87,300	91,965	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	40,205	19,070	21,130	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	2,260	1,140	1,125	1,145	525	615
Colombia	5,270	2,475	2,790	580	250	325
Cuba	1,950	980	970	140	60	80
Haiti	15,770	7,165	8,610	35	35	10
Jamaica	155	110	50	625	355	265
Mexico	3,465	1,610	1,850	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	3,300	1,850	1,455	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,725	825	900	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	6,305	2,920	3,390	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	31,585	15,965	15,615	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	14,995	8,020	6,975	970	510	460
Germany	445	205	245	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	105	75	30	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	3,570	1,620	1,945	245	120	125
Romania	2,680	1,150	1,535	690	310	380
Russian Federation	1,805	815	990	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	2,155	990	1,165	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	710	465	250	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	5,125	2,635	2,485	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	59,780	29,715	30,065	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	15,030	7,355	7,670	65	40	20
Cameroon	5,695	2,770	2,925	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	2,115	1,010	1,105	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	3,650	1,790	1,860	20	10	10
Egypt	4,185	2,165	2,020	625	340	290
Eritrea	45	30	20	320	175	145
Ethiopia	120	60	60	305	170	140
Morocco	11,850	5,875	5,975	205	115	95
Nigeria	445	230	215	645	325	315
Somalia	70	40	35	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	140	85	55	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	4,670	2,355	2,315	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	11,765	5,950	5,810	1,745	890	860
Asia	47,430	22,385	25,050	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	1,040	475	565	870	455	415
Bangladesh	840	445	400	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	9,820	4,455	5,365	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	95	35	60	1,800	770	1,030
India	2,870	1,505	1,365	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	7,090	3,345	3,740	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	635	310	320	1,910	940	965
Israel	600	355	245	365	205	160
Japan	295	30	260	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	750	335	420	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	3,620	1,935	1,685	265	155	110
Nepal	70	40	35	310	115	195
Pakistan	1,570	800	770	1,965	990	975
Philippines	5,245	2,255	2,995	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	425	200	225	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	855	375	475	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	6,350	3,185	3,165	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	120	50	70	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	515	270	245	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	280	145	130	385	195	195
Viet Nam	1,305	495	815	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	3,030	1,330	1,700	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	265	165	100	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	140	90	55	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	125	75	50	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,025,695	499,825	525,875	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	651,190	328,560	322,630	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	2,332,905	1,138,320	1,194,580	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	741,595	358,465	383,125	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	408,710	211,560	197,150	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	194,940	118,480	76,460	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	213,775	93,085	120,690	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	204,725	81,180	123,550	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	117,890	60,855	57,035	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	10,270	4,875	5,395	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	34,745	16,500	18,250	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	32,560	15,500	17,060	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	16,130	7,715	8,415	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	15,455	7,425	8,030	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	975	360	615	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	800	370	435	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,385	630	755	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,975,045	1,950,205	2,024,840	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	9,205	4,585	4,620	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,000,585	1,962,120	2,038,465	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	20,565	9,505	11,060	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	19,995	9,245	10,750	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	16,215	7,445	8,775	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	3,200	1,595	1,600	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	585	205	385	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	570	255	315	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	445	200	245	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	115	50	60	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	97,280	44,535	52,745	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	95,715	43,740	51,975	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	83,645	38,190	45,450	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,940	5,060	5,875	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,140	490	645	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,570	795	775	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,260	675	585	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	90	140	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	30	40	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	3,891,945	1,912,665	1,979,280	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	4,009,795	1,966,705	2,043,090	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	904,840	442,090	462,745	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	85,925	44,510	41,415	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	89,400	40,890	48,510	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	270,940	129,640	141,300	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	33,050	13,455	19,600	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	110,195	53,140	57,060	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	191,165	100,830	90,340	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	55,705	26,595	29,110	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	28,890	14,420	14,465	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	7,055	3,355	3,695	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	3,810	1,465	2,350	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	8,290	3,900	4,385	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	20,420	9,895	10,530	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	3,104,955	1,524,615	1,580,340	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	4,009,790	1,966,705	2,043,085	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	117,850	54,040	63,810	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	101,915	46,655	55,260	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	2,155	875	1,280	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	15,920	7,565	8,360	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	1,861,930	905,510	956,425	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	15,285	7,135	8,150	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	27,335	13,110	14,225	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	1,755,635	852,410	903,225	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	425	210	215	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	350	160	195	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	285	120	165	185	95	85
Ontarian	670	310	355	130	55	75
Québécois	92,115	46,380	45,735	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	135	70	65	405	175	230
European origins	1,721,335	849,240	872,095	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	413,005	198,800	214,205	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	450	220	225	455	230	220
Cornish	45	20	25	610	340	265
English	138,320	67,580	70,735	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	239,460	113,105	126,355	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	135	70	65	1,810	835	975
Scottish	124,130	59,280	64,850	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	7,685	3,660	4,015	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	24,500	11,540	12,955	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	874,295	434,215	440,075	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	570	255	315	210	95	115
Breton	5,110	2,450	2,655	110	45	65
Corsican	910	520	385	105	40	65
French	870,245	432,210	438,035	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	149,330	72,310	77,015	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	10,010	4,850	5,155	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	35	15	15	225	105	120
Belgian	31,840	15,635	16,205	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	15,975	7,805	8,175	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	790	380	410	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	10	10	0	850	425	425
German	86,025	41,010	45,015	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	570	275	295	695	340	355
Swiss	13,555	6,930	6,620	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	105	60	45	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	16,095	7,895	8,205	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	3,800	1,785	2,015	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	2,105	975	1,130	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	670	355	320	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	4,415	2,190	2,225	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	4,780	2,325	2,450	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,390	680	715	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	212,570	103,190	109,380	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	8,360	4,055	4,305	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	2,175	1,060	1,120	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	5,035	2,390	2,650	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,750	910	835	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	790	405	385	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	24,505	12,150	12,355	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	1,505	710	795	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	5,710	2,845	2,865	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	7,220	3,525	3,695	1,085	510	580
Polish	64,895	31,730	33,165	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	47,980	23,365	24,620	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	49,275	23,495	25,780	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	3,875	1,955	1,915	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	35,050	16,880	18,180	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,695	1,390	1,305	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	464,080	230,520	233,555	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	3,270	1,690	1,580	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	940	470	470	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	575	295	275	120	85	30
Croatian	5,225	2,595	2,635	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	455	230	225	440	230	205
Greek	66,395	33,750	32,645	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	279,800	138,875	140,925	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	380	210	165	280	135	145
Macedonian	610	320	290	1,205	620	580
Maltese	920	490	430	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	365	205	160	710	360	350
Portuguese	56,405	28,295	28,115	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	3,625	1,705	1,920	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	1,070	525	545	545	295	255
Slovenian	2,150	1,040	1,115	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	68,600	33,330	35,270	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	2,135	990	1,150	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	225	140	90	395	200	195
Other European origins	31,690	16,215	15,475	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	2,245	1,185	1,060	840	470	375
Jewish	23,675	12,110	11,565	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	340	205	135	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	265	125	140	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	5,390	2,740	2,650	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	184,035	85,330	98,705	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	360	160	200	220	115	105
Bahamian	370	185	185	255	140	110
Barbadian	5,220	2,415	2,810	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	95	35	55	335	155	175
Carib	375	140	230	70	50	25
Cuban	7,840	3,855	3,990	1,320	615	700
Dominican	10,040	4,560	5,475	735	330	410
Grenadian	1,880	750	1,130	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	790	380	410	15	0	15
Haitian	132,255	60,965	71,295	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	12,750	6,060	6,695	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	340	180	155	130	70	55
Martinican	1,460	710	740	25	0	20
Montserratan	240	135	105	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	435	225	210	570	260	310
St. Lucian	790	395	390	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	6,185	2,765	3,420	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	3,965	1,665	2,300	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	5,325	2,440	2,885	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	3,645	1,725	1,920	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	135,405	65,570	69,840	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,805	2,255	2,550	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	150	40	110	90	45	45
Argentinian	4,240	2,120	2,120	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	55	25	25	125	60	65
Bolivian	1,330	670	665	375	145	230
Brazilian	6,440	3,145	3,290	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	12,030	6,025	6,005	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	22,910	10,695	12,220	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	920	420	495	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	2,375	1,075	1,300	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	8,745	4,505	4,240	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	3,380	1,680	1,705	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	875	445	430	1,535	720	810
Honduran	3,895	1,935	1,960	1,445	750	695
Maya	1,330	750	575	930	475	455
Mexican	21,130	10,245	10,880	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	2,200	1,060	1,140	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	1,330	695	635	325	140	185
Paraguayan	265	125	145	895	475	420
Peruvian	17,430	8,190	9,240	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	17,300	8,580	8,720	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	1,495	695	800	410	205	205
Venezuelan	6,670	3,045	3,630	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	4,960	2,495	2,465	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	321,450	164,810	156,640	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	64,810	33,310	31,495	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	535	280	255	40	30	10
Angolan	760	355	405	90	55	35
Ashanti	120	85	35	85	30	50
Beninese	2,860	1,520	1,345	35	20	15
Burkinabe	1,765	945	820	45	30	15
Cameroonian	13,390	6,755	6,635	150	85	70
Chadian	800	390	410	70	50	25
Congolese	14,455	6,970	7,485	810	405	400
Edo	105	65	45	85	55	30
Ewe	330	195	140	55	25	30
Gabonese	675	310	370	10	0	10
Gambian	125	70	50	25	10	15
Ghanaian	2,870	1,470	1,405	1,600	865	730
Guinean	4,355	2,310	2,045	130	45	80
Ibo	170	85	85	280	160	115
Ivorian	6,200	3,155	3,045	100	55	50
Liberian	95	40	55	250	95	150
Malian	2,510	1,255	1,255	80	55	25
Malinké	535	290	245	10	0	0
Nigerian	2,350	1,275	1,075	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	1,735	890	850	20	0	15
Senegalese	6,020	3,225	2,800	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	110	55	50	130	60	65
Togolese	2,830	1,515	1,310	100	70	40
Wolof	515	300	215	0	0	0
Yoruba	360	175	185	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	4,700	2,565	2,140	620	305	315
North African origins	201,520	104,860	96,665	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	54,635	28,155	26,485	770	465	305
Berber	29,950	15,690	14,260	210	130	80
Coptic	660	365	295	150	90	65
Dinka	15	0	10	45	25	15
Egyptian	27,160	14,110	13,050	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	925	505	420	420	275	140
Maure	415	235	180	150	60	90
Moroccan	77,450	39,955	37,490	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	280	150	130	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	17,645	9,565	8,080	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	2,900	1,620	1,280	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	19,925	9,720	10,205	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	100	70	30	705	355	355
Amhara	40	20	25	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	1,360	725	635	255	140	120
Burundian	3,070	1,455	1,620	215	95	120
Djiboutian	245	110	140	0	0	0
Eritrean	505	255	250	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	1,370	690	675	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	465	235	230	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	2,625	1,305	1,320	105	65	40
Mauritian	3,315	1,545	1,765	975	520	450
Oromo	25	10	10	140	75	65
Rwandan	3,050	1,455	1,595	420	225	195
Seychellois	740	335	410	25	15	15
Somali	1,370	680	695	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	700	365	335	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	180	105	75	490	220	275
Tigrian	70	25	45	205	110	95
Ugandan	190	85	100	775	390	380
Zambian	25	10	20	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	265	140	130	855	445	405
Zulu	55	30	25	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,045	495	550	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	38,660	18,760	19,900	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	3,110	1,495	1,610	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	36,160	17,580	18,580	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	508,290	249,115	259,170	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	214,865	110,415	104,445	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	9,215	4,695	4,520	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	39,245	20,565	18,685	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	26,100	12,830	13,265	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	345	200	155	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	505	270	235	990	570	425
Georgian	560	260	300	740	380	355
Hazara	355	165	190	55	30	20
Iranian	23,410	11,770	11,635	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	4,600	2,320	2,280	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	5,900	3,145	2,750	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	1,380	730	645	785	425	355
Kazakh	565	275	290	385	205	175
Kurd	1,875	1,020	860	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	80	40	40	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	255	135	115	175	90	85
Lebanese	68,765	35,925	32,840	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	6,345	3,255	3,090	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	490	270	215	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	615	360	245	975	615	360
Syrian	24,690	12,460	12,235	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	315	140	175	260	135	125
Tatar	835	400	440	790	365	425
Turk	13,570	6,685	6,880	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	35	25	10	120	70	55
Uighur	360	170	190	130	65	60
Uzbek	415	185	230	270	150	120
Yemeni	715	385	325	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,275	1,275	995	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	90,815	46,525	44,285	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	6,920	3,555	3,365	1,840	925	920
Bengali	4,065	2,000	2,065	850	405	445
Bhutanese	95	55	35	120	65	55
East Indian	48,485	24,950	23,530	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	215	100	115	485	245	240
Gujarati	405	200	205	700	335	365
Kashmiri	260	155	105	185	100	85
Nepali	350	180	165	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	13,125	6,795	6,330	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	2,950	1,670	1,285	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	275	115	160	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	14,595	7,205	7,390	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	3,060	1,590	1,465	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,100	1,165	935	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	205,595	93,545	112,050	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	245	140	100	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	13,500	6,435	7,065	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	108,775	49,900	58,880	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	35,685	14,620	21,060	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	30	10	20	130	70	60
Indonesian	1,090	460	630	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	5,320	2,135	3,185	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	0	10	0	895	450	445
Korean	7,625	3,620	4,005	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	6,550	3,305	3,240	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	550	255	295	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	770	355	410	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	100	60	40	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	1,940	825	1,120	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	2,005	805	1,200	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	65	35	30	550	290	260
Vietnamese	38,660	18,620	20,040	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	240	115	130	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	1,640	845	795	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,640	845	795	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	2,450	1,300	1,150	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	1,645	915	735	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	355	175	175	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	525	250	275	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	60	25	35	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	45	20	20	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	60	40	25	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	165	75	90	600	275	325
Samoan	15	15	0	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	205	100	110	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	961,760	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	765,550	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	276,455	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	1,450,860	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	16,195	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	342,680	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	545,750	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	530,465	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	292,220	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	712,775	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	297,900	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	184,870	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	174,360	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	357,400	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,695,935	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	31,380	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	1,629,720	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	97,595	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	444,100	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	552,025	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	246,220	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	172,820	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	102,010	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	114,850	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	95,285	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,615,720	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	111,590	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,075,650	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	620,295	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	31,365	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,727,310	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	57,635	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	261,415	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	325,285	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	351,120	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	329,975	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	233,560	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	125,860	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	42,475	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,723,920	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,300,505	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	423,415	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	366,775	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	960,640	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	64.8	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.5	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,181	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,263	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	300,794	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	366,974	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	765,480	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	8.1	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.0	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	777	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	842	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,385	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	587,135	290,900	296,235	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	720,380	347,360	373,020	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,011,860	975,725	1,036,140	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	453,190	265,055	188,130	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	326,580	168,805	157,780	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	126,610	96,250	30,355	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	579,950	258,215	321,735	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130,910	54,410	76,505	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	847,815	398,045	449,770	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	528,485	238,580	289,905	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	79,105	36,530	42,570	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,090	11,540	11,550	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	184,480	91,955	92,530	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	32,650	19,440	13,210	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,224,010	1,094,440	1,129,575	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	250,525	136,200	114,330	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	407,255	203,980	203,280	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,566,225	754,265	811,960	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	348,335	199,005	149,330	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	253,945	127,500	126,445	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	94,390	71,505	22,885	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	410,280	186,760	223,515	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	98,575	41,605	56,970	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	709,035	326,890	382,145	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	439,815	197,115	242,695	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65,055	28,760	36,290	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,275	8,010	10,270	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	159,520	78,105	81,420	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	26,370	14,905	11,470	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,319,375	1,613,980	1,705,385	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,307,510	638,255	669,250	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	120,880	25,970	94,905	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	120,875	25,970	94,905	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	103,170	48,270	54,900	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15,545	11,610	3,935	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	87,625	36,670	50,960	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	128,260	48,780	79,475	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	21,945	4,730	17,215	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	10,360	3,130	7,225	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	56,980	22,770	34,210	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	460	190	270	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,480	4,015	2,465	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	4,400	2,815	1,580	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	10,360	5,820	4,540	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	17,275	5,305	11,975	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	234,420	79,835	154,590	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,795	755	2,045	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	31,985	11,015	20,970	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	38,885	3,410	35,480	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	43,265	16,645	26,615	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,055	1,220	3,835	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	32,730	7,900	24,835	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	79,705	38,890	40,815	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	477,965	191,800	286,165	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	465	180	285	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	20,690	4,510	16,180	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	456,810	187,115	269,695	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	86,550	46,485	40,065	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	31,185	12,675	18,510	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	16,250	9,530	6,720	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	10,010	5,020	4,990	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	25,535	17,325	8,210	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,570	1,935	1,640	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95,595	66,870	28,730	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	78,525	58,820	19,700	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	6,265	1,145	5,115	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	9,415	5,845	3,565	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,400	1,050	345	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	382,755	340,875	41,885	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	18,520	10,775	7,740	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	107,340	87,230	20,110	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	66,270	59,520	6,745	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	10	25	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	75,145	72,735	2,415	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	71,430	68,890	2,540	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	44,010	41,705	2,305	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	21,810	11,800	10,010	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15,225	7,965	7,260	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,585	3,840	2,750	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	235,450	50,145	185,305	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	13,660	6,855	6,805	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	214,940	39,595	175,345	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	6,850	3,695	3,155	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	124,745	64,800	59,945	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	71,345	20,240	51,110	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	145	130	15	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	540	515	20	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	27,020	20,855	6,165	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	25,695	23,055	2,645	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	245	100	150	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	250	100	150	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	657,780	340,175	317,610	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	84,415	17,105	67,310	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	84,415	17,105	67,310	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	81,435	38,330	43,105	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	12,080	8,815	3,260	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	69,365	29,515	39,850	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	85,820	32,630	53,195	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,370	3,725	13,645	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	7,925	2,370	5,550	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	32,665	13,835	18,835	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	315	125	195	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,595	2,850	1,745	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,665	1,750	915	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	7,585	4,345	3,240	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	12,705	3,630	9,070	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185,650	61,720	123,935	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,300	605	1,700	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	26,610	9,250	17,355	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	31,440	2,370	29,070	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	35,260	12,700	22,560	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,470	850	2,625	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	25,440	5,865	19,575	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	61,130	30,080	31,055	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	387,215	152,480	234,740	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	375	145	230	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	16,705	3,545	13,165	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	370,130	148,790	221,345	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	58,345	30,480	27,860	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25,780	10,185	15,595	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	8,460	4,915	3,545	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,090	1,200	890	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	19,280	12,690	6,590	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,730	1,490	1,240	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	83,800	58,935	24,865	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70,765	52,980	17,785	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	4,910	930	3,985	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,080	4,285	2,795	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,040	740	300	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	300,560	263,550	37,005	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	15,585	8,860	6,725	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	91,905	73,490	18,415	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	51,050	45,415	5,640	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	15	20	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	55,125	53,050	2,075	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	54,165	52,015	2,155	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	32,690	30,715	1,975	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	18,090	9,490	8,605	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	12,430	6,230	6,200	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,655	3,260	2,400	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	182,240	38,250	143,990	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	11,225	5,530	5,695	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	165,695	30,185	135,510	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,325	2,535	2,790	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	98,445	51,210	47,225	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	55,250	15,270	39,980	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	105	90	10	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	330	310	20	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	21,240	16,280	4,960	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	21,520	19,265	2,255	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	215	80	135	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	215	80	140	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,307,510	638,255	669,250	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,011,865	975,725	1,036,135	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	1,697,795	815,200	882,595	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	1,641,060	785,305	855,755	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	56,730	29,885	26,845	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	314,070	160,530	153,545	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	21,200	12,605	8,595	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	11,890	3,425	8,465	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	6,555	3,530	3,025	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,290	5,345	3,945	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	15,670	7,105	8,570	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	52,060	29,335	22,725	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	197,410	99,190	98,225	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,224,010	1,094,435	1,129,570	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	657,780	340,175	317,605	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,566,225	754,265	811,960	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	1,308,105	625,310	682,790	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	1,264,295	602,540	661,755	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	43,805	22,775	21,030	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	258,125	128,955	129,170	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	15,300	8,755	6,540	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	9,980	2,775	7,200	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	4,675	2,375	2,300	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,150	3,500	2,645	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	14,055	6,275	7,780	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	43,645	24,190	19,450	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	164,330	81,075	83,255	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	3,319,375	1,613,985	1,705,390	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	2,026,050	1,042,240	983,810	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	163,250	88,645	74,605	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	1,130,070	483,100	646,975	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	66.0	70.1	62.1	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	61.0	64.6	57.7	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.8	7.0	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	3,319,370	1,613,985	1,705,390	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,079,655	459,175	620,485	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	2,239,715	1,154,810	1,084,905	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,058,010	581,140	476,870	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,181,710	573,675	608,040	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.9	42.2	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	2,189,300	1,130,880	1,058,420	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,055	30,975	31,085	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	2,127,240	1,099,905	1,027,335	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	1,874,025	942,805	931,225	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	253,215	157,100	96,110	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,420	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,055	30,970	31,080	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	2,127,240	1,099,910	1,027,330	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	227,820	142,060	85,765	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	376,215	125,565	250,645	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	167,705	130,895	36,815	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	144,610	30,460	114,150	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	258,920	76,435	182,485	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	88,330	43,160	45,170	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	516,405	248,265	268,135	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	244,585	230,175	14,410	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	14,645	12,195	2,450	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	88,000	60,705	27,295	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	2,189,300	1,130,885	1,058,415	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	62,060	30,975	31,085	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	2,127,245	1,099,910	1,027,335	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10,190	6,500	3,695	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,845	2,195	650	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	14,660	9,580	5,085	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	111,715	96,805	14,910	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	213,815	148,870	64,945	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	98,870	61,920	36,955	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	258,950	124,575	134,375	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105,915	78,785	27,130	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	73,205	43,575	29,630	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	102,285	44,810	57,480	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	38,450	22,435	16,015	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	189,640	107,460	82,180	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,650	980	1,670	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	101,355	61,125	40,235	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	163,755	52,765	110,990	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	259,490	51,230	208,255	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	47,925	25,080	22,845	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	140,520	69,710	70,805	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	93,500	41,005	52,500	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	97,500	50,515	46,985	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,026,050	1,042,235	983,815	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	135,485	68,835	66,645	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	6,755	4,840	1,915	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	179,780	131,690	48,085	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	1,704,035	836,875	867,165	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,704,035	836,870	867,170	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	818,885	383,115	435,775	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	237,270	114,220	123,045	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	642,170	336,070	306,100	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	5,710	3,470	2,240	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,883,820	968,565	915,255	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,251,230	689,400	561,830	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	61,325	21,315	40,010	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	419,765	181,435	238,330	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	98,075	43,715	54,360	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	38,060	24,295	13,765	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	15,365	8,395	6,970	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,883,815	968,570	915,250	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	341,880	157,795	184,080	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	601,250	309,540	291,705	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	489,215	269,020	220,190	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	235,360	122,950	112,415	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	216,110	109,255	106,855	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,883,815	968,565	915,250	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	144,135	107,900	36,240	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	329,225	191,155	138,070	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	528,080	239,405	288,675	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	383,810	168,070	215,740	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	217,905	99,480	118,425	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	280,660	162,555	118,105	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,395	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	2,038,685	1,044,910	993,770	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	2,019,675	1,035,390	984,280	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	412,120	222,045	190,075	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	1,607,550	813,350	794,200	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	19,010	9,520	9,495	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	50	10	40	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	15	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	25	0	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	25	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,965	9,510	9,455	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,775	1,035	740	440	295	145
Berber languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	0	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,735	1,025	710	435	295	135
Amharic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Arabic	1,590	955	635	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	135	70	70	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,600	795	805	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	255	110	145	45	30	20
Vietnamese	1,340	680	660	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	70	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	60	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages	260	80	180	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	245	75	170	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	150	75	75	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	150	75	70	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,335	4,105	4,230	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	20	15	0	15	15	0
Armenian	280	135	145	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,045	450	590	950	440	510
Baltic languages	20	10	10	10	10	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	1,030	445	585	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	40	10	30	10	0	10
Croatian	10	10	10	30	10	25
Czech	10	0	10	40	20	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	160	60	95	115	50	70
Russian	690	315	375	565	255	315
Serbian	15	15	0	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	40	75	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,110	470	645	805	465	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	10	0	10	15	15	0
Dutch	20	0	15	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	80	130	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	20	0	10	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	860	380	485	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	515	260	255	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,230	710	520	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	640	365	275	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	105	70	30	15	15	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	35	15	25
Hindi	30	20	10	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	230	190	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35	45	25	25
Iranian languages	585	340	245	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	10	0	10	25	25	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	575	340	230	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,140	2,070	2,070	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	10	0	10	10	10	0
Italian	565	300	260	110	50	60
Portuguese	515	300	210	515	255	260
Romanian	310	140	170	70	45	25
Spanish	2,740	1,330	1,410	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	220	75	145	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Korean	295	145	145	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	105	35	75	280	90	190
American Sign Language	0	0	0	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	70	10	65	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,850	3,005	2,845	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	5,850	3,005	2,845	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	2,610	1,300	1,310	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	2,940	1,550	1,395	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	40	30	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	210	110	100	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	85	50	30
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Karenic languages	0	0	0	55	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	25	40	170	65	110
Lao	45	20	30	10	0	10
Thai	10	0	15	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	100	50	50	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	95	50	45	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	35	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	40	0	35	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	35	20	20
Multiple responses	269,880	143,255	126,620	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	247,545	131,845	115,705	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	5,850	3,345	2,500	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	5,600	2,610	2,985	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	10,890	5,455	5,430	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	2,308,565	1,188,170	1,120,400	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	1,367,155	688,575	678,580	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	643,895	342,285	301,615	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	239,675	127,070	112,600	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	38,740	20,490	18,250	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	170	75	100	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	38,565	20,420	18,150	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	1,500	710	790	60	40	15
English and non-official language	11,735	5,760	5,975	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	5,815	3,250	2,565	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	45	30	10	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	3,965,040	1,943,840	2,021,195	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	3,475,585	1,702,075	1,773,510	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	489,450	241,765	247,685	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	292,730	144,600	148,130	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	196,720	97,165	99,560	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	147,460	72,380	75,075	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	135,765	66,160	69,600	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	11,695	6,220	5,475	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	49,265	24,780	24,485	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	3,778,540	1,848,565	1,929,975	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	2,325,080	1,134,155	1,190,920	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	1,453,460	714,405	739,060	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	799,790	393,045	406,750	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	653,670	321,360	332,310	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	458,665	223,760	234,905	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	429,565	209,145	220,415	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	29,100	14,610	14,485	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	195,005	97,600	97,405	235,730	114,265	121,465