Census Profile, 2016 Census
Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]			Kitchener Centre Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5	...	...	105,258	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	0	...	...	102,433	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	...	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2	...	...	48,942	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1	...	...	46,757	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.0	...	...	2,538.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.53	...	...	41.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	x	x	x	105,260	51,780	53,475
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	15,705	8,055	7,650
0 to 4 years	x	x	x	5,610	2,885	2,725
5 to 9 years	x	x	x	5,265	2,700	2,565
10 to 14 years	x	x	x	4,830	2,465	2,360
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	72,000	36,125	35,875
15 to 19 years	x	x	x	5,245	2,635	2,605
20 to 24 years	x	x	x	7,180	3,600	3,575
25 to 29 years	x	x	x	9,325	4,700	4,625
30 to 34 years	x	x	x	8,275	4,185	4,090
35 to 39 years	x	x	x	6,965	3,570	3,390
40 to 44 years	x	x	x	6,335	3,240	3,095
45 to 49 years	x	x	x	6,885	3,445	3,440
50 to 54 years	x	x	x	7,965	3,990	3,980
55 to 59 years	x	x	x	7,440	3,715	3,725
60 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,395	3,050	3,350
65 years and over	x	x	x	17,555	7,600	9,955
65 to 69 years	x	x	x	5,290	2,540	2,750
70 to 74 years	x	x	x	3,865	1,670	2,195
75 to 79 years	x	x	x	3,295	1,450	1,850
80 to 84 years	x	x	x	2,575	1,055	1,515
85 years and over	x	x	x	2,530	885	1,645
85 to 89 years	x	x	x	1,720	645	1,075
90 to 94 years	x	x	x	655	215	445
95 to 99 years	x	x	x	140	25	120
100 years and over	x	x	x	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	14.9	15.6	14.3
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	68.4	69.8	67.1
65 years and over	x	x	x	16.7	14.7	18.6
85 years and over	x	x	x	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	x	x	x	41.1	40.0	42.2
Median age of the population	x	x	x	40.0	38.7	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	x	...	...	46,755	...	...
Single-detached house	x	...	...	20,295	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	x	...	...	8,460	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	x	...	...	17,995	...	...
Semi-detached house	x	...	...	1,845	...	...
Row house	x	...	...	3,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	x	...	...	1,985	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	x	...	...	10,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	x	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	x	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	x	...	...	46,760	...	...
1 person	x	...	...	16,270	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	16,060	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	6,570	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	5,055	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	2,800	...	...
Number of persons in private households	x	...	...	103,790	...	...
Average household size	x	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	x	x	x	89,555	43,725	45,830
Married or living common law	x	x	x	47,350	23,655	23,695
Married	x	x	x	37,855	18,920	18,935
Living common law	x	x	x	9,495	4,735	4,760
Not married and not living common law	x	x	x	42,205	20,070	22,135
Never married	x	x	x	26,930	14,855	12,075
Separated	x	x	x	3,300	1,435	1,860
Divorced	x	x	x	6,765	2,755	4,005
Widowed	x	x	x	5,215	1,025	4,185
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	x	...	...	28,735	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	15,820	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	6,160	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	4,720	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	2,035	...	...
Average size of census families	x	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	x	...	...	28,740	...	...
Total couple families	x	...	...	23,165	...	...
Married couples	x	...	...	18,415	...	...
Common-law couples	x	...	...	4,745	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	x	...	...	5,575	...	...
Female parent	x	...	...	4,465	...	...
Male parent	x	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	23,160	...	...
Couples without children	x	...	...	12,340	...	...
Couples with children	x	...	...	10,820	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	4,640	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	4,310	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	5,575	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	3,480	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	1,520	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	575	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	23,795	11,860	11,935
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	x	...	...	46,760	...	...
One-census-family households	x	...	...	27,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	x	...	...	11,845	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	x	...	...	15,620	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	x	...	...	625	...	...
Non-census-family households	x	...	...	18,670	...	...
One-person households	x	...	...	16,270	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	x	...	...	2,400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	x	x	x	104,290	51,290	52,995
English only	x	x	x	94,980	47,210	47,765
French only	x	x	x	55	20	35
English and French	x	x	x	7,125	3,200	3,925
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	2,125	860	1,270
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	x	x	x	104,285	51,290	52,995
English	x	x	x	100,410	49,575	50,835
French	x	x	x	1,300	615	685
English and French	x	x	x	480	255	230
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	2,100	845	1,250
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	1,540	740	800
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	1.5	1.4	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	x	x	x	104,285	51,290	52,995
Single responses	x	x	x	102,285	50,300	51,990
Official languages	x	x	x	78,030	38,675	39,350
English	x	x	x	76,665	38,025	38,640
French	x	x	x	1,355	650	710
Non-official languages	x	x	x	24,255	11,620	12,635
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	5	0	5
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	5
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	24,245	11,620	12,625
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	3,165	1,605	1,560
Berber languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	540	265	280
Bilen	x	x	x	85	50	40
Oromo	x	x	x	45	25	25
Somali	x	x	x	370	175	200
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	30	15	15
Semitic languages	x	x	x	2,615	1,335	1,280
Amharic	x	x	x	290	145	145
Arabic	x	x	x	1,680	870	805
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	75	40	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	10	5	10
Harari	x	x	x	5	0	5
Hebrew	x	x	x	25	10	10
Maltese	x	x	x	5	5	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	505	250	255
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	5	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	840	400	440
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	70	25	40
Vietnamese	x	x	x	770	370	400
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	340	100	240
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	5
Cebuano	x	x	x	25	10	20
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	5	0	5
Ilocano	x	x	x	15	5	10
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	25	15	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	255	70	185
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Creole languages	x	x	x	50	30	20
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	25	20	5
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	220	115	105
Kannada	x	x	x	5	0	5
Malayalam	x	x	x	75	35	40
Tamil	x	x	x	100	50	50
Telugu	x	x	x	40	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	195	95	100
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	16,500	7,890	8,615
Albanian	x	x	x	320	170	155
Armenian	x	x	x	70	35	35
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	5,120	2,450	2,670
Baltic languages	x	x	x	55	30	25
Latvian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Lithuanian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Slavic languages	x	x	x	5,065	2,420	2,640
Belarusan	x	x	x	5	5	5
Bosnian	x	x	x	205	100	100
Bulgarian	x	x	x	30	15	15
Croatian	x	x	x	725	370	355
Czech	x	x	x	175	80	95
Macedonian	x	x	x	30	15	15
Polish	x	x	x	1,115	510	610
Russian	x	x	x	355	175	180
Serbian	x	x	x	1,765	880	880
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	145	60	75
Slovak	x	x	x	135	60	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	100	40	55
Ukrainian	x	x	x	225	80	145
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	55	25	25
Celtic languages	x	x	x	5	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	5	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	3,065	1,335	1,725
Afrikaans	x	x	x	5	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	40	15	20
Dutch	x	x	x	290	130	165
Frisian	x	x	x	0	5	0
German	x	x	x	2,695	1,175	1,520
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	5	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	5	0	5
Swedish	x	x	x	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Yiddish	x	x	x	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Greek	x	x	x	370	185	190
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	2,695	1,380	1,315
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	1,555	800	755
Bengali	x	x	x	235	130	105
Gujarati	x	x	x	355	175	180
Hindi	x	x	x	200	110	90
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	5	0	5
Marathi	x	x	x	30	10	15
Nepali	x	x	x	100	55	50
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	280	135	145
Sindhi	x	x	x	25	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	20	15	10
Urdu	x	x	x	290	150	140
Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,060	540	520
Kurdish	x	x	x	190	105	85
Pashto	x	x	x	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	815	410	405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	80	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	4,850	2,330	2,520
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	330	170	160
Portuguese	x	x	x	1,205	595	610
Romanian	x	x	x	1,375	655	720
Spanish	x	x	x	1,940	905	1,030
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	85	25	60
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	185	85	100
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	170	70	105
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	10	5	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	5	5	0
Ganda	x	x	x	10	0	5
Igbo	x	x	x	5	5	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	15	5	10
Shona	x	x	x	25	10	15
Swahili	x	x	x	35	15	25
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	10	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	50	15	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	130	70	60
Dinka	x	x	x	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	130	65	60
Sign languages	x	x	x	25	10	15
American Sign Language	x	x	x	10	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	1,460	695	760
Chinese languages	x	x	x	1,220	570	650
Cantonese	x	x	x	315	130	185
Hakka	x	x	x	40	15	20
Mandarin	x	x	x	685	335	350
Min Dong	x	x	x	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	30	20	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	140	60	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	235	130	110
Burmese	x	x	x	95	50	45
Karenic languages	x	x	x	60	30	30
Tibetan	x	x	x	10	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	80	40	35
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	235	110	130
Lao	x	x	x	215	110	115
Thai	x	x	x	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	185	95	85
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	10	5	5
Turkish	x	x	x	160	85	75
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	5	5
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	5	10
Uralic languages	x	x	x	450	215	235
Estonian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Finnish	x	x	x	25	5	10
Hungarian	x	x	x	405	190	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Multiple responses	x	x	x	2,000	990	1,010
English and French	x	x	x	305	150	155
English and non-official language	x	x	x	1,620	795	820
French and non-official language	x	x	x	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	45	25	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	x	x	x	104,285	51,290	52,995
Single responses	x	x	x	99,695	49,055	50,635
Official languages	x	x	x	87,190	43,105	44,085
English	x	x	x	86,785	42,915	43,875
French	x	x	x	405	190	215
Non-official languages	x	x	x	12,505	5,955	6,550
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	12,505	5,950	6,550
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	2,335	1,145	1,195
Berber languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	380	175	205
Bilen	x	x	x	80	40	45
Oromo	x	x	x	30	15	20
Somali	x	x	x	250	115	135
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Semitic languages	x	x	x	1,950	965	985
Amharic	x	x	x	205	95	110
Arabic	x	x	x	1,300	660	640
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	45	20	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	10	0	5
Harari	x	x	x	5	0	5
Hebrew	x	x	x	10	0	5
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	365	170	195
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	550	260	290
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	35	15	20
Vietnamese	x	x	x	520	250	265
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	130	50	80
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	5	5	5
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	5	0	5
Ilocano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	110	40	70
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Creole languages	x	x	x	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	20	5	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	125	65	65
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	35	15	20
Tamil	x	x	x	65	30	30
Telugu	x	x	x	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	95	40	50
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	7,630	3,605	4,020
Albanian	x	x	x	205	110	100
Armenian	x	x	x	45	25	25
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,605	1,245	1,360
Baltic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Latvian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,605	1,245	1,365
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	5
Bosnian	x	x	x	95	50	50
Bulgarian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Croatian	x	x	x	340	150	190
Czech	x	x	x	60	25	35
Macedonian	x	x	x	10	5	0
Polish	x	x	x	445	205	230
Russian	x	x	x	200	95	105
Serbian	x	x	x	1,210	600	605
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	65	30	35
Slovak	x	x	x	55	30	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	25	10	15
Ukrainian	x	x	x	65	20	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	10
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	435	175	255
Afrikaans	x	x	x	0	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	5	5	5
Dutch	x	x	x	15	5	10
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	410	165	245
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Greek	x	x	x	160	75	90
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,785	875	915
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	945	460	485
Bengali	x	x	x	150	75	70
Gujarati	x	x	x	225	105	125
Hindi	x	x	x	110	55	55
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	15	5	10
Nepali	x	x	x	70	35	35
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	185	85	100
Sindhi	x	x	x	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Urdu	x	x	x	160	80	75
Iranian languages	x	x	x	785	380	400
Kurdish	x	x	x	110	55	50
Pashto	x	x	x	45	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	635	305	325
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	2,380	1,105	1,275
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	70	35	35
Portuguese	x	x	x	545	255	295
Romanian	x	x	x	690	325	365
Spanish	x	x	x	1,070	495	580
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	40	10	25
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	110	50	55
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	45	15	35
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	5	0	5
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	5	0	5
Swahili	x	x	x	15	0	15
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	60	35	25
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	25
Sign languages	x	x	x	30	15	15
American Sign Language	x	x	x	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	975	475	500
Chinese languages	x	x	x	780	380	400
Cantonese	x	x	x	145	70	75
Hakka	x	x	x	25	10	10
Mandarin	x	x	x	485	240	245
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	110	50	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	195	95	100
Burmese	x	x	x	90	45	45
Karenic languages	x	x	x	40	20	20
Tibetan	x	x	x	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	35
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	110	55	60
Lao	x	x	x	105	50	55
Thai	x	x	x	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	100	50	50
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkish	x	x	x	90	50	45
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	5
Uralic languages	x	x	x	130	60	65
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	0	0	5
Hungarian	x	x	x	125	65	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Multiple responses	x	x	x	4,590	2,230	2,360
English and French	x	x	x	155	70	80
English and non-official language	x	x	x	4,360	2,120	2,240
French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	75	35	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	x	x	x	104,285	51,290	52,995
None	x	x	x	91,010	44,895	46,120
English	x	x	x	5,180	2,535	2,645
French	x	x	x	965	430	535
Non-official language	x	x	x	6,910	3,330	3,585
Aboriginal	x	x	x	20	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	6,890	3,320	3,570
English and French	x	x	x	35	20	20
English and non-official language	x	x	x	110	55	55
French and non-official language	x	x	x	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	88,140	43,020	45,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	85,035	41,665	43,375
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,546	38,009	28,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	85,040	41,660	43,380
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	29,834	34,233	26,122
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	75,245	37,580	37,665
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	31,648	38,287	25,731
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	62,100	28,100	34,000
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	4,981	2,302	6,517
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	62,885	32,665	30,220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	33,866	39,512	28,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	85,180	41,710	43,475
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,904	46,598	35,442
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	85,190	41,710	43,475
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,962	39,108	30,984
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	75,400	37,615	37,785
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	39,835	46,457	33,242
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	62,060	27,950	34,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,748	7,017	8,347
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	62,925	32,665	30,265
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,693	46,104	34,854
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	31,590	17,910	13,685
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	49,351	53,667	45,295
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	57,096	61,623	51,172
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	86.4	90.3	81.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	73.5	77.4	68.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	13.6	9.7	18.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	88,140	43,015	45,120
Without total income	x	x	x	3,105	1,355	1,750
With total income	x	x	x	85,035	41,660	43,370
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.5	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	10,815	4,900	5,920
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	15,550	6,330	9,220
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	13,245	5,450	7,790
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	11,065	5,160	5,910
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	9,620	4,770	4,840
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,000	3,885	3,115
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,005	2,925	2,075
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,560	2,145	1,420
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,625	1,660	965
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,070	1,235	840
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,485	3,205	1,280
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	3,285	2,295	990
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,205	910	290
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	88,140	43,020	45,125
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	3,095	1,355	1,740
With after-tax income	x	x	x	85,045	41,660	43,380
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.5	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	11,090	4,990	6,100
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	16,245	6,615	9,630
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	15,410	6,480	8,925
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	13,320	6,435	6,880
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,480	5,635	4,845
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,580	3,725	2,855
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,360	2,750	1,605
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,070	1,870	1,195
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	4,495	3,160	1,330
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,655	1,085	565
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	935	665	270
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,905	1,410	495
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	88,140	43,020	45,120
Without employment income	x	x	x	25,250	10,355	14,900
With employment income	x	x	x	62,885	32,665	30,225
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	71.3	75.9	67.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	7,960	3,840	4,125
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,855	2,180	2,680
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	8,520	3,775	4,745
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	7,245	3,240	4,005
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	7,475	3,490	3,980
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,115	3,705	3,410
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,420	3,160	2,265
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,895	2,335	1,565
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,810	1,790	1,020
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	7,590	5,165	2,430
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,200	1,405	785
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,795	1,070	720
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,600	2,680	920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	x	...	...	46,760	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	60,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	53,675	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	16,270	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	33,959	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	30,858	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	30,485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,221	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,228	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	63,707	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	16,245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	42,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	35,972	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	30,505	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	91,810	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,474	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	46,755	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	775	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	685	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,635	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	2,225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,465	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	2,115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,300	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,360	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,315	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,845	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	11,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,475	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,725	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	2,575	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,625	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	46,755	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	820	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	695	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	2,325	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,830	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	2,405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,685	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,765	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,805	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,595	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,650	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,480	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,895	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,265	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	7,905	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,830	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,960	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	28,720	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,216	...	...
Average family size of economic families	x	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,319	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	65,785	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	x	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	10,920	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	103,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	89,545	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	x	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	5,245	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	47,550	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	x	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	28,660	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,292	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,726	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,488	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	72,895	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	10,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	115,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	96,933	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	5,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	60,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	53,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	21,330	10,730	10,605
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	31,478	34,239	29,271
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,917	30,810	27,225
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	21,360	10,735	10,625
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	39,278	41,894	36,633
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	33,793	35,480	32,086
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	103,785	51,030	52,755
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	57,400	27,380	30,025
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	12,255	5,980	6,270
In the second decile	x	x	x	11,415	5,005	6,415
In the third decile	x	x	x	11,555	5,450	6,110
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	11,420	5,590	5,830
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	10,760	5,360	5,395
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	46,385	23,655	22,730
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	10,990	5,515	5,475
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	10,110	5,095	5,020
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	9,915	5,105	4,805
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	8,795	4,535	4,260
In the top decile	x	x	x	6,575	3,405	3,175
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	103,785	51,030	52,755
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	18,645	9,540	9,110
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	6,670	3,450	3,225
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	68,340	34,145	34,200
65 years and over	x	x	x	16,795	7,345	9,450
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	17,150	7,940	9,210
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	4,175	2,100	2,075
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,645	825	820
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	10,465	4,965	5,500
65 years and over	x	x	x	2,510	875	1,635
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	16.5	15.6	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	22.4	22.0	22.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	24.7	23.9	25.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	15.3	14.5	16.1
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	14.9	11.9	17.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	10,310	5,155	5,155
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,355	1,180	1,175
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	940	470	465
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	7,450	3,770	3,685
65 years and over	x	x	x	495	210	290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	9.9	10.1	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	12.6	12.4	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	14.1	13.6	14.4
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.9	2.9	3.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	x	x	x	103,685	50,985	52,705
Official languages	x	x	x	101,565	50,105	51,460
English	x	x	x	101,515	50,090	51,425
French	x	x	x	7,175	3,125	4,055
Non-official languages	x	x	x	28,430	13,660	14,770
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	45	25	20
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	45	20	25
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	10	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	10	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	30	20	10
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	30	20	15
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	10	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	28,385	13,640	14,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	3,775	1,940	1,845
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	660	310	350
Bilen	x	x	x	150	75	70
Oromo	x	x	x	35	10	25
Somali	x	x	x	380	170	215
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	95	50	45
Semitic languages	x	x	x	3,305	1,715	1,585
Amharic	x	x	x	395	200	200
Arabic	x	x	x	2,300	1,230	1,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	100	50	50
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	20	10	10
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	90	65	20
Maltese	x	x	x	20	10	10
Tigrigna	x	x	x	665	295	370
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	30	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	1,030	490	540
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	70	25	45
Vietnamese	x	x	x	985	485	500
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	10	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	405	120	280
Bikol	x	x	x	10	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	10	10	10
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	15	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	20	0	20
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	50	30	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	350	95	255
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	10	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	125	60	65
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	55	25	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	35
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	270	130	135
Kannada	x	x	x	0	10	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	85	40	45
Tamil	x	x	x	125	60	60
Telugu	x	x	x	55	25	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	165	85	85
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	19,880	9,490	10,385
Albanian	x	x	x	315	190	125
Armenian	x	x	x	125	60	65
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	5,760	2,760	3,005
Baltic languages	x	x	x	60	30	30
Latvian	x	x	x	40	20	15
Lithuanian	x	x	x	25	10	10
Slavic languages	x	x	x	5,705	2,730	2,975
Belarusan	x	x	x	30	10	15
Bosnian	x	x	x	235	100	140
Bulgarian	x	x	x	45	20	30
Croatian	x	x	x	1,015	495	525
Czech	x	x	x	225	120	100
Macedonian	x	x	x	20	10	15
Polish	x	x	x	1,285	585	700
Russian	x	x	x	560	270	290
Serbian	x	x	x	2,210	1,115	1,090
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	110	50	60
Slovak	x	x	x	160	65	95
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	100	40	65
Ukrainian	x	x	x	255	100	155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	80	35	45
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	4,140	1,785	2,360
Afrikaans	x	x	x	40	20	20
Danish	x	x	x	60	30	30
Dutch	x	x	x	430	185	240
Frisian	x	x	x	10	0	0
German	x	x	x	3,595	1,545	2,050
Icelandic	x	x	x	10	10	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	40	20	25
Swedish	x	x	x	40	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	10
Greek	x	x	x	450	230	225
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	3,150	1,610	1,545
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	2,075	1,080	1,000
Bengali	x	x	x	215	130	85
Gujarati	x	x	x	430	215	215
Hindi	x	x	x	885	480	400
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	20	10	10
Marathi	x	x	x	25	10	15
Nepali	x	x	x	170	90	80
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	10	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	415	240	180
Sindhi	x	x	x	50	25	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	15	10	10
Urdu	x	x	x	495	250	245
Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,130	565	565
Kurdish	x	x	x	310	160	150
Pashto	x	x	x	70	45	30
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	800	385	410
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	65	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	6,660	3,180	3,480
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	585	290	290
Portuguese	x	x	x	1,400	715	685
Romanian	x	x	x	1,705	805	900
Spanish	x	x	x	3,175	1,490	1,685
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	125	60	65
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	180	95	85
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	280	125	155
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	15	0	10
Igbo	x	x	x	0	10	0
Lingala	x	x	x	45	15	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	15	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	15	0	15
Shona	x	x	x	10	10	0
Swahili	x	x	x	100	50	50
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	35	20	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	75	25	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	165	70	90
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	160	70	90
Sign languages	x	x	x	180	70	110
American Sign Language	x	x	x	120	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	1,740	885	850
Chinese languages	x	x	x	1,435	745	695
Cantonese	x	x	x	435	205	225
Hakka	x	x	x	100	45	50
Mandarin	x	x	x	835	455	380
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	65	40	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	135	60	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	305	150	155
Burmese	x	x	x	145	70	75
Karenic languages	x	x	x	45	25	25
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	235	120	120
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	295	150	140
Lao	x	x	x	280	145	130
Thai	x	x	x	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	285	150	140
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	25	20	10
Turkish	x	x	x	235	125	110
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	30	10	20
Uralic languages	x	x	x	495	240	255
Estonian	x	x	x	35	25	15
Finnish	x	x	x	25	10	25
Hungarian	x	x	x	430	210	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	40	15	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	x	x	x	103,685	50,985	52,705
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	x	x	x	96,770	47,585	49,190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	x	x	x	17,415	8,945	8,470
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	x	x	x	79,355	38,640	40,720
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	x	x	x	6,915	3,395	3,515
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	x	x	x	103,690	50,985	52,705
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	x	x	x	77,990	38,550	39,440
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	x	x	x	24,295	11,645	12,650
Before 1981	x	x	x	7,470	3,445	4,020
1981 to 1990	x	x	x	3,025	1,555	1,470
1991 to 2000	x	x	x	4,765	2,330	2,440
2001 to 2010	x	x	x	5,440	2,570	2,865
2001 to 2005	x	x	x	2,475	1,125	1,350
2006 to 2010	x	x	x	2,965	1,450	1,515
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	x	x	x	3,595	1,740	1,855
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	x	x	x	1,405	790	610
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	x	x	x	24,295	11,645	12,650
Under 5 years	x	x	x	2,730	1,435	1,295
5 to 14 years	x	x	x	4,760	2,390	2,370
15 to 24 years	x	x	x	5,235	2,270	2,960
25 to 44 years	x	x	x	9,800	4,825	4,975
45 years and over	x	x	x	1,780	725	1,055
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	24,295	11,645	12,650
Americas	x	x	x	3,605	1,670	1,935
Brazil	x	x	x	120	50	70
Colombia	x	x	x	330	155	170
El Salvador	x	x	x	535	230	300
Guyana	x	x	x	320	145	170
Haiti	x	x	x	10	10	10
Jamaica	x	x	x	390	175	215
Mexico	x	x	x	165	80	90
Peru	x	x	x	55	35	25
Trinidad and Tobago	x	x	x	105	60	45
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	785	330	450
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	800	400	395
Europe	x	x	x	11,635	5,485	6,150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x	x	x	1,175	600	575
Croatia	x	x	x	770	365	405
France	x	x	x	65	35	30
Germany	x	x	x	1,375	610	775
Greece	x	x	x	145	55	90
Hungary	x	x	x	235	95	140
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	105	50	50
Italy	x	x	x	210	110	95
Netherlands	x	x	x	340	155	190
Poland	x	x	x	1,030	470	560
Portugal	x	x	x	765	370	400
Romania	x	x	x	1,275	605	665
Russian Federation	x	x	x	160	85	75
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	x	x	x	860	395	460
Ukraine	x	x	x	235	110	125
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	1,760	805	955
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	1,140	570	565
Africa	x	x	x	2,325	1,100	1,220
Algeria	x	x	x	10	0	10
Egypt	x	x	x	175	100	75
Ethiopia	x	x	x	400	210	190
Kenya	x	x	x	60	35	30
Morocco	x	x	x	0	10	0
Nigeria	x	x	x	40	35	10
Somalia	x	x	x	250	100	145
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	90	40	50
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	1,290	580	715
Asia	x	x	x	6,700	3,365	3,335
Afghanistan	x	x	x	255	110	140
Bangladesh	x	x	x	120	70	55
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	530	255	275
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	125	55	65
India	x	x	x	890	465	430
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	310	170	135
Iraq	x	x	x	515	275	240
Japan	x	x	x	20	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	120	70	45
Lebanon	x	x	x	130	80	55
Pakistan	x	x	x	395	220	180
Philippines	x	x	x	380	130	250
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	70	40	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	575	285	290
Taiwan	x	x	x	70	40	25
Viet Nam	x	x	x	690	350	335
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	1,505	745	760
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	35	25	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	3,590	1,740	1,855
Americas	x	x	x	380	175	210
Brazil	x	x	x	15	10	0
Colombia	x	x	x	50	15	40
Cuba	x	x	x	35	15	20
Haiti	x	x	x	10	10	0
Jamaica	x	x	x	15	10	10
Mexico	x	x	x	15	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	120	55	65
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	105	65	40
Europe	x	x	x	400	205	195
France	x	x	x	0	10	0
Germany	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	x	x	x	10	0	10
Romania	x	x	x	75	25	50
Russian Federation	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ukraine	x	x	x	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	55	50	0
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	200	95	105
Africa	x	x	x	625	265	360
Algeria	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cameroon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x	x	x	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egypt	x	x	x	55	30	25
Eritrea	x	x	x	260	115	145
Ethiopia	x	x	x	125	40	80
Morocco	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigeria	x	x	x	0	10	0
Somalia	x	x	x	50	10	45
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	25	10	20
Tunisia	x	x	x	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	100	50	45
Asia	x	x	x	2,175	1,090	1,085
Afghanistan	x	x	x	55	10	40
Bangladesh	x	x	x	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	105	50	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	10	0	10
India	x	x	x	330	180	150
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	165	100	60
Iraq	x	x	x	295	170	120
Israel	x	x	x	20	10	10
Japan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	15	10	0
Lebanon	x	x	x	20	10	20
Nepal	x	x	x	15	10	10
Pakistan	x	x	x	120	65	60
Philippines	x	x	x	60	10	50
Saudi Arabia	x	x	x	35	20	10
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	475	230	245
Taiwan	x	x	x	25	10	15
Turkey	x	x	x	55	40	15
United Arab Emirates	x	x	x	10	0	0
Viet Nam	x	x	x	90	30	60
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	220	105	115
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	10	15	0
Australia	x	x	x	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	x	x	x	103,690	50,985	52,705
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	x	x	x	26,215	12,725	13,490
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	x	x	x	20,605	10,445	10,160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	x	x	x	56,865	27,810	29,055
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	x	x	x	17,110	8,330	8,790
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	x	x	x	5,105	2,710	2,390
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	x	x	x	1,950	1,345	600
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	x	x	x	3,155	1,365	1,785
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	x	x	x	4,410	1,655	2,755
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	x	x	x	7,465	3,900	3,565
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	x	x	x	130	55	75
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	x	x	x	103,685	50,980	52,705
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	x	x	x	2,315	1,080	1,240
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	x	x	x	2,180	995	1,185
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	1,425	640	785
Métis	x	x	x	695	330	365
Inuk (Inuit)	x	x	x	60	25	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	x	x	x	75	65	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	x	x	x	60	20	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	x	x	x	101,370	49,900	51,465
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	x	x	x	103,690	50,980	52,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	x	x	x	595	260	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	x	x	x	103,090	50,725	52,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	x	x	x	103,690	50,985	52,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	x	x	x	385	185	200
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	x	x	x	385	190	195
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	300	155	145
Métis single ancestry	x	x	x	80	35	50
Inuit single ancestry	x	x	x	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	x	x	x	3,045	1,440	1,605
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	x	x	x	2,995	1,420	1,580
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	2,270	1,065	1,210
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	595	270	330
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	130	85	45
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	x	x	x	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	20	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	x	x	x	100,260	49,360	50,905
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	x	x	x	103,690	50,985	52,705
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	x	x	x	17,430	8,685	8,745
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	x	x	x	2,900	1,510	1,385
Chinese	x	x	x	1,410	740	675
Black	x	x	x	4,215	2,045	2,170
Filipino	x	x	x	575	235	335
Latin American	x	x	x	2,215	1,075	1,140
Arab	x	x	x	1,640	895	750
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	x	x	x	1,930	945	980
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	x	x	x	985	460	525
Korean	x	x	x	250	140	115
Japanese	x	x	x	145	70	75
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	x	x	x	595	315	280
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	x	x	x	560	250	310
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	x	x	x	86,260	42,295	43,965
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	x	x	x	103,685	50,980	52,705
North American Aboriginal origins	x	x	x	3,425	1,625	1,800
First Nations (North American Indian)	x	x	x	2,620	1,240	1,370
Inuit	x	x	x	150	85	60
Métis	x	x	x	710	320	390
Other North American origins	x	x	x	26,150	12,800	13,350
Acadian	x	x	x	105	45	60
American	x	x	x	1,060	555	505
Canadian	x	x	x	25,250	12,330	12,925
New Brunswicker	x	x	x	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	x	x	x	225	110	120
Nova Scotian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Ontarian	x	x	x	35	15	20
Québécois	x	x	x	65	40	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	x	x	x	0	0	0
European origins	x	x	x	76,595	37,405	39,190
British Isles origins	x	x	x	43,500	21,000	22,500
Channel Islander	x	x	x	10	10	0
Cornish	x	x	x	10	0	0
English	x	x	x	23,645	11,450	12,200
Irish	x	x	x	19,140	8,865	10,275
Manx	x	x	x	20	15	10
Scottish	x	x	x	18,545	8,765	9,785
Welsh	x	x	x	1,860	870	995
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	x	x	x	3,300	1,630	1,675
French origins	x	x	x	10,235	4,820	5,415
Alsatian	x	x	x	75	30	40
Breton	x	x	x	0	0	0
Corsican	x	x	x	0	0	0
French	x	x	x	10,175	4,795	5,375
Western European origins (except French origins)	x	x	x	30,715	14,780	15,930
Austrian	x	x	x	970	475	500
Bavarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Belgian	x	x	x	335	150	185
Dutch	x	x	x	4,770	2,235	2,535
Flemish	x	x	x	15	10	0
Frisian	x	x	x	30	15	15
German	x	x	x	26,185	12,645	13,540
Luxembourger	x	x	x	25	15	10
Swiss	x	x	x	1,300	605	695
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	x	x	x	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	x	x	x	2,030	1,035	995
Danish	x	x	x	405	200	200
Finnish	x	x	x	370	170	205
Icelandic	x	x	x	85	55	30
Norwegian	x	x	x	570	305	260
Swedish	x	x	x	570	290	280
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	x	x	x	125	85	40
Eastern European origins	x	x	x	14,370	6,965	7,405
Bulgarian	x	x	x	110	55	55
Byelorussian	x	x	x	100	55	45
Czech	x	x	x	490	265	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	x	x	x	120	35	80
Estonian	x	x	x	85	50	35
Hungarian	x	x	x	1,680	870	810
Latvian	x	x	x	225	125	105
Lithuanian	x	x	x	275	180	100
Moldovan	x	x	x	60	30	25
Polish	x	x	x	5,795	2,745	3,045
Romanian	x	x	x	2,415	1,170	1,250
Russian	x	x	x	1,715	835	875
Slovak	x	x	x	395	190	205
Ukrainian	x	x	x	2,800	1,345	1,455
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	x	x	x	65	25	40
Southern European origins	x	x	x	12,530	6,390	6,140
Albanian	x	x	x	350	205	145
Bosnian	x	x	x	355	155	200
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	1,270	660	610
Cypriot	x	x	x	145	60	80
Greek	x	x	x	860	485	375
Italian	x	x	x	3,565	1,805	1,760
Kosovar	x	x	x	55	35	20
Macedonian	x	x	x	95	35	60
Maltese	x	x	x	110	60	50
Montenegrin	x	x	x	30	10	20
Portuguese	x	x	x	2,325	1,230	1,100
Serbian	x	x	x	2,335	1,170	1,165
Sicilian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Slovenian	x	x	x	295	125	170
Spanish	x	x	x	1,230	595	630
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	x	x	x	465	230	235
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other European origins	x	x	x	535	235	300
Basque	x	x	x	50	20	30
Jewish	x	x	x	250	120	130
Roma (Gypsy)	x	x	x	30	10	25
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	x	x	x	30	10	25
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	x	x	x	185	80	100
Caribbean origins	x	x	x	1,750	830	920
Antiguan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Bahamian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Barbadian	x	x	x	145	70	70
Bermudan	x	x	x	25	15	10
Carib	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cuban	x	x	x	125	45	80
Dominican	x	x	x	80	45	40
Grenadian	x	x	x	55	20	35
Guadeloupean	x	x	x	0	10	0
Haitian	x	x	x	20	10	10
Jamaican	x	x	x	995	460	540
Kittitian/Nevisian	x	x	x	15	10	0
Martinican	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montserratan	x	x	x	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	x	x	x	25	15	10
St. Lucian	x	x	x	15	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	x	x	x	205	75	130
Vincentian/Grenadinian	x	x	x	30	15	20
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	x	x	x	100	55	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	x	x	x	40	30	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	x	x	x	2,780	1,360	1,420
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	x	x	x	60	30	30
Arawak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Argentinian	x	x	x	30	20	10
Belizean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bolivian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Brazilian	x	x	x	125	60	65
Chilean	x	x	x	120	50	70
Colombian	x	x	x	425	200	225
Costa Rican	x	x	x	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	x	x	x	60	30	30
Guatemalan	x	x	x	80	45	35
Guyanese	x	x	x	400	220	185
Hispanic	x	x	x	150	60	85
Honduran	x	x	x	40	30	15
Maya	x	x	x	25	10	15
Mexican	x	x	x	285	140	140
Nicaraguan	x	x	x	165	100	70
Panamanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Paraguayan	x	x	x	15	0	15
Peruvian	x	x	x	80	45	40
Salvadorean	x	x	x	530	240	290
Uruguayan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Venezuelan	x	x	x	120	55	70
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	x	x	x	180	80	95
African origins	x	x	x	3,810	1,900	1,910
Central and West African origins	x	x	x	285	170	115
Akan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Angolan	x	x	x	10	10	0
Ashanti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beninese	x	x	x	0	10	0
Burkinabe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cameroonian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Chadian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congolese	x	x	x	50	25	25
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gabonese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gambian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ghanaian	x	x	x	15	15	0
Guinean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ibo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ivorian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Liberian	x	x	x	30	15	20
Malian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malinké	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigerian	x	x	x	105	85	20
Peulh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Senegalese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	x	x	x	20	10	10
Togolese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	x	x	x	55	15	40
North African origins	x	x	x	885	470	415
Algerian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Berber	x	x	x	0	10	0
Coptic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egyptian	x	x	x	320	165	155
Libyan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Maure	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moroccan	x	x	x	30	15	15
Sudanese	x	x	x	485	250	235
Tunisian	x	x	x	15	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	x	x	x	20	15	0
Southern and East African origins	x	x	x	2,065	995	1,070
Afrikaner	x	x	x	10	10	0
Amhara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	x	x	x	10	10	10
Burundian	x	x	x	15	0	10
Djiboutian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eritrean	x	x	x	880	425	455
Ethiopian	x	x	x	490	235	255
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kenyan	x	x	x	25	20	10
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mauritian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Oromo	x	x	x	15	0	15
Rwandan	x	x	x	20	10	10
Seychellois	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	450	205	245
South African	x	x	x	60	30	30
Tanzanian	x	x	x	0	0	10
Tigrian	x	x	x	40	25	15
Ugandan	x	x	x	30	10	25
Zambian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	x	x	x	40	15	25
Zulu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	x	x	x	85	40	45
Other African origins	x	x	x	740	360	385
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	x	x	x	85	35	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	x	x	x	655	320	335
Asian origins	x	x	x	11,425	5,770	5,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	x	x	x	3,545	1,845	1,700
Afghan	x	x	x	445	195	255
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	x	x	x	215	125	90
Armenian	x	x	x	200	130	75
Assyrian	x	x	x	45	20	20
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	30	15	15
Georgian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Hazara	x	x	x	40	30	10
Iranian	x	x	x	435	220	220
Iraqi	x	x	x	420	240	180
Israeli	x	x	x	35	15	25
Jordanian	x	x	x	30	20	15
Kazakh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kurd	x	x	x	235	130	105
Kuwaiti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	x	x	x	10	0	10
Lebanese	x	x	x	365	185	185
Palestinian	x	x	x	225	105	120
Pashtun	x	x	x	25	10	10
Saudi Arabian	x	x	x	45	25	25
Syrian	x	x	x	615	310	310
Tajik	x	x	x	25	20	10
Tatar	x	x	x	10	0	10
Turk	x	x	x	370	170	205
Turkmen	x	x	x	25	10	15
Uighur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yemeni	x	x	x	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	x	x	x	185	85	95
South Asian origins	x	x	x	3,115	1,620	1,495
Bangladeshi	x	x	x	155	75	80
Bengali	x	x	x	10	10	0
Bhutanese	x	x	x	60	40	20
East Indian	x	x	x	2,095	1,110	990
Goan	x	x	x	10	0	15
Gujarati	x	x	x	55	25	25
Kashmiri	x	x	x	15	0	10
Nepali	x	x	x	175	95	80
Pakistani	x	x	x	380	195	190
Punjabi	x	x	x	155	85	70
Sinhalese	x	x	x	0	10	0
Sri Lankan	x	x	x	65	35	25
Tamil	x	x	x	40	20	20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	x	x	x	170	75	95
East and Southeast Asian origins	x	x	x	4,815	2,325	2,485
Burmese	x	x	x	365	180	185
Cambodian (Khmer)	x	x	x	105	55	55
Chinese	x	x	x	1,895	950	940
Filipino	x	x	x	635	275	365
Hmong	x	x	x	175	70	105
Indonesian	x	x	x	40	20	20
Japanese	x	x	x	195	90	105
Karen	x	x	x	40	20	20
Korean	x	x	x	255	140	110
Laotian	x	x	x	380	185	190
Malaysian	x	x	x	40	25	10
Mongolian	x	x	x	20	0	15
Singaporean	x	x	x	0	10	0
Taiwanese	x	x	x	50	35	15
Thai	x	x	x	95	40	60
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	1,085	545	540
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	x	x	x	35	10	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	x	x	x	30	10	20
Oceania origins	x	x	x	130	65	65
Australian	x	x	x	105	45	55
New Zealander	x	x	x	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	x	x	x	15	10	10
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hawaiian	x	x	x	15	10	0
Maori	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Samoan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
Owner	x	...	...	24,625	...	...
Renter	x	...	...	22,130	...	...
Band housing	x	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
Condominium	x	...	...	4,385	...	...
Not condominium	x	...	...	42,365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
No bedrooms	x	...	...	290	...	...
1 bedroom	x	...	...	9,190	...	...
2 bedrooms	x	...	...	13,675	...	...
3 bedrooms	x	...	...	16,570	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	x	...	...	7,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	x	...	...	16,730	...	...
5 rooms	x	...	...	7,015	...	...
6 rooms	x	...	...	6,330	...	...
7 rooms	x	...	...	5,535	...	...
8 or more rooms	x	...	...	11,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	x	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
One person or fewer per room	x	...	...	45,945	...	...
More than 1 person per room	x	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
Suitable	x	...	...	44,495	...	...
Not suitable	x	...	...	2,255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
1960 or before	x	...	...	16,905	...	...
1961 to 1980	x	...	...	16,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	x	...	...	5,165	...	...
1991 to 2000	x	...	...	3,580	...	...
2001 to 2005	x	...	...	1,465	...	...
2006 to 2010	x	...	...	1,595	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	x	...	...	1,655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	x	...	...	43,395	...	...
Major repairs needed	x	...	...	3,355	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	x	...	...	28,770	...	...
2 household maintainers	x	...	...	16,770	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	x	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	x	...	...	46,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	x	...	...	1,815	...	...
25 to 34 years	x	...	...	8,565	...	...
35 to 44 years	x	...	...	7,495	...	...
45 to 54 years	x	...	...	8,980	...	...
55 to 64 years	x	...	...	8,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	x	...	...	5,855	...	...
75 to 84 years	x	...	...	3,950	...	...
85 years and over	x	...	...	1,685	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	46,680	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	33,110	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	13,570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	12,050	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	24,625	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	x	...	...	61.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,222	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,244	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	320,855	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	346,549	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	22,125	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	x	...	...	12.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	946	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	974	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	17,990	9,095	8,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	25,135	12,480	12,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	45,035	21,450	23,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	5,745	3,950	1,800
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	2,720	1,575	1,145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	3,030	2,375	650
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	18,280	7,740	10,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	1,335	695	645
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	19,675	9,060	10,615
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	13,000	5,775	7,225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	1,200	550	655
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	315	145	165
Master's degree	x	x	x	4,295	2,055	2,235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	865	530	330
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	58,950	29,410	29,540
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	7,720	4,320	3,395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	15,795	8,270	7,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	35,435	16,825	18,610
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	4,035	2,815	1,220
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	1,875	1,105	765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	2,170	1,710	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	14,305	6,155	8,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	930	500	425
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	16,170	7,345	8,820
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	10,485	4,660	5,825
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	955	410	545
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	220	90	125
Master's degree	x	x	x	3,755	1,745	2,010
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	755	440	315
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	43,120	21,575	21,545
Education	x	x	x	2,245	535	1,710
13. Education	x	x	x	2,245	540	1,710
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	1,955	935	1,020
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	400	275	125
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	1,555	660	895
Humanities	x	x	x	3,435	1,370	2,065
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	250	70	180
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	985	335	645
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	640	225	420
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	25	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	305	130	175
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	500	285	220
54. History	x	x	x	550	285	265
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	185	35	150
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	5,550	1,710	3,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	70	15	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	640	250	395
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	965	115	855
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	775	185	590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	155	55	105
42. Psychology	x	x	x	1,035	275	760
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	1,905	820	1,090
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	8,325	3,245	5,080
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	1,125	220	900
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	7,185	3,020	4,165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	1,755	845	910
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	735	295	435
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	355	140	225
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	585	395	190
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	65	20	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	2,535	1,670	870
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	1,760	1,215	545
25. Library science	x	x	x	125	20	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	595	385	205
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	60	50	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	9,545	8,540	1,000
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	390	225	165
14. Engineering	x	x	x	2,270	1,805	460
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	1,915	1,720	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	1,745	1,670	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	1,675	1,620	55
48. Precision production	x	x	x	1,555	1,495	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	695	365	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	350	160	190
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	350	205	145
Health and related fields	x	x	x	6,080	960	5,120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	645	290	360
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	5,370	640	4,725
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	60	25	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	2,830	1,260	1,565
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	1,745	460	1,285
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	705	490	210
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	355	290	60
Other	x	x	x	85	15	65
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	85	20	70
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	58,955	29,415	29,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	23,515	12,590	10,930
Education	x	x	x	1,620	370	1,250
13. Education	x	x	x	1,620	370	1,250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	1,580	725	850
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	295	210	85
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	1,280	515	765
Humanities	x	x	x	2,570	1,000	1,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	175	35	145
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	765	245	515
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	460	145	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	240	105	135
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	355	220	135
54. History	x	x	x	440	230	210
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	120	10	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	4,460	1,360	3,095
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	55	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	565	220	345
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	765	85	675
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	625	135	490
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	130	50	80
42. Psychology	x	x	x	785	205	580
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	1,540	650	885
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	6,645	2,555	4,090
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	970	220	755
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	5,655	2,340	3,320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	1,425	685	745
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	595	245	350
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	290	100	195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	480	330	155
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	40	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	2,235	1,485	755
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	1,595	1,095	495
25. Library science	x	x	x	110	20	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	480	330	150
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	55	40	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	7,460	6,610	845
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	350	205	140
14. Engineering	x	x	x	1,885	1,495	390
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	1,540	1,390	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	1,315	1,245	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	1,190	1,145	45
48. Precision production	x	x	x	1,185	1,140	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	550	270	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	270	120	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	280	145	130
Health and related fields	x	x	x	4,610	740	3,875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	490	225	260
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	4,085	495	3,595
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	40	15	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	2,215	1,005	1,210
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	1,320	350	970
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	600	415	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	285	235	55
Other	x	x	x	60	15	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	60	20	45
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	43,125	21,580	21,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	45,035	21,450	23,585
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	38,325	17,920	20,405
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	36,035	16,795	19,240
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	2,290	1,125	1,170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	6,710	3,525	3,180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	965	530	435
Philippines	x	x	x	205	55	150
India	x	x	x	630	340	290
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	580	325	255
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	230	130	100
France	x	x	x	35	20	15
Other	x	x	x	4,055	2,120	1,940
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	58,955	29,410	29,540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	23,515	12,590	10,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	35,435	16,825	18,615
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	30,460	14,260	16,200
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	28,640	13,365	15,275
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	1,820	900	925
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	4,980	2,560	2,415
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	735	385	350
Philippines	x	x	x	185	45	140
India	x	x	x	560	290	270
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	340	195	150
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	185	110	80
France	x	x	x	25	15	10
Other	x	x	x	2,940	1,525	1,415
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
In the labour force	x	x	x	57,990	30,285	27,710
Employed	x	x	x	53,720	27,915	25,810
Unemployed	x	x	x	4,275	2,370	1,900
Not in the labour force	x	x	x	30,165	12,745	17,420
Participation rate	x	x	x	65.8	70.4	61.4
Employment rate	x	x	x	60.9	64.9	57.2
Unemployment rate	x	x	x	7.4	7.8	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	x	x	x	88,160	43,030	45,130
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	x	x	x	28,445	12,005	16,440
Worked	x	x	x	59,715	31,020	28,690
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	x	x	x	32,100	18,270	13,825
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	x	x	x	27,615	12,750	14,865
Average weeks worked in reference year	x	x	x	43.4	44.0	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	x	x	x	57,990	30,285	27,710
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,225	625	605
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	56,765	29,660	27,105
Employee	x	x	x	51,550	26,455	25,095
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	x	x	x	5,215	3,205	2,010
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	x	x	x	57,995	30,285	27,710
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,230	625	605
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	56,765	29,660	27,105
0 Management occupations	x	x	x	5,050	2,825	2,220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	x	x	x	8,035	2,535	5,500
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	x	x	x	4,700	3,590	1,115
3 Health occupations	x	x	x	3,160	425	2,730
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	x	x	x	6,325	2,165	4,160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	x	x	x	1,715	715	1,000
6 Sales and service occupations	x	x	x	13,460	5,490	7,970
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	x	x	x	8,325	7,815	505
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	x	x	x	700	545	155
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	x	x	x	5,300	3,550	1,750
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	x	x	x	57,995	30,285	27,705
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,230	625	605
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	56,765	29,660	27,105
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	x	x	x	225	125	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	x	x	x	60	65	0
22 Utilities	x	x	x	135	90	45
23 Construction	x	x	x	3,905	3,490	415
31-33 Manufacturing	x	x	x	8,920	6,315	2,600
41 Wholesale trade	x	x	x	1,945	1,410	530
44-45 Retail trade	x	x	x	6,305	2,930	3,380
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	x	x	x	2,395	1,830	565
51 Information and cultural industries	x	x	x	1,680	955	730
52 Finance and insurance	x	x	x	3,250	1,205	2,045
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	x	x	x	985	500	490
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	x	x	x	4,425	2,635	1,790
55 Management of companies and enterprises	x	x	x	90	45	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	x	x	x	2,675	1,450	1,220
61 Educational services	x	x	x	4,855	1,865	2,990
62 Health care and social assistance	x	x	x	5,845	925	4,920
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	x	x	x	1,020	495	520
72 Accommodation and food services	x	x	x	3,970	1,445	2,525
81 Other services (except public administration)	x	x	x	2,135	1,015	1,120
91 Public administration	x	x	x	1,940	865	1,075
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	x	x	x	53,720	27,910	25,810
Worked at home	x	x	x	2,980	1,445	1,530
Worked outside Canada	x	x	x	145	110	35
No fixed workplace address	x	x	x	5,540	4,140	1,395
Worked at usual place	x	x	x	45,055	22,210	22,840
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	x	x	x	45,055	22,210	22,845
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	x	x	x	21,885	9,605	12,275
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	x	x	x	17,210	8,955	8,250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	x	x	x	5,830	3,575	2,255
Commute to a different province or territory	x	x	x	135	75	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	x	x	x	50,595	26,355	24,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	x	x	x	37,965	20,550	17,420
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	x	x	x	3,610	1,535	2,070
Public transit	x	x	x	4,405	1,880	2,520
Walked	x	x	x	3,415	1,590	1,825
Bicycle	x	x	x	810	585	220
Other method	x	x	x	400	210	185
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	x	x	x	50,600	26,355	24,240
Less than 15 minutes	x	x	x	15,475	7,365	8,105
15 to 29 minutes	x	x	x	22,655	11,715	10,935
30 to 44 minutes	x	x	x	6,985	3,975	3,010
45 to 59 minutes	x	x	x	2,295	1,335	960
60 minutes and over	x	x	x	3,195	1,970	1,225
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	x	x	x	50,595	26,355	24,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	x	x	x	3,380	2,220	1,165
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	x	x	x	8,745	5,740	3,010
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	x	x	x	11,590	5,725	5,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	x	x	x	11,510	4,980	6,530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	x	x	x	5,960	2,685	3,270
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	x	x	x	9,415	5,010	4,410
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	x	x	x	61,510	31,920	29,595
Single responses	x	x	x	61,140	31,730	29,410
Official languages	x	x	x	60,830	31,545	29,280
English	x	x	x	60,695	31,505	29,190
French	x	x	x	130	35	95
Non-official languages	x	x	x	310	190	125
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	310	190	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	50	40	10
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	55	45	10
Amharic	x	x	x	0	0	10
Arabic	x	x	x	45	40	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	0	10	0
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	40	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tamil	x	x	x	0	0	0
Telugu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	145	80	60
Albanian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Armenian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	35	15	25
Baltic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Latvian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	40	10	20
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bulgarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Czech	x	x	x	0	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	15	0	10
Russian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Serbian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afrikaans	x	x	x	0	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dutch	x	x	x	0	0	0
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	0	0	0
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	30	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	15	15	0
Bengali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gujarati	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hindi	x	x	x	0	10	0
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Sindhi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Urdu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian languages	x	x	x	20	0	15
Kurdish	x	x	x	10	10	0
Pashto	x	x	x	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	75	55	20
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Portuguese	x	x	x	10	10	0
Romanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Spanish	x	x	x	65	50	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	20	10	15
American Sign Language	x	x	x	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	45	25	20
Chinese languages	x	x	x	40	20	15
Cantonese	x	x	x	20	10	10
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mandarin	x	x	x	20	0	10
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Lao	x	x	x	10	10	0
Thai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hungarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	370	185	185
English and French	x	x	x	120	45	65
English and non-official language	x	x	x	255	140	115
French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	x	x	x	61,510	31,920	29,595
None	x	x	x	59,440	30,990	28,455
English	x	x	x	215	100	115
French	x	x	x	695	255	445
Non-official language	x	x	x	1,115	565	555
Aboriginal	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	1,115	560	555
English and French	x	x	x	0	0	0
English and non-official language	x	x	x	10	0	10
French and non-official language	x	x	x	30	10	25
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	x	x	x	102,490	50,365	52,125
Non-movers	x	x	x	85,535	42,120	43,420
Movers	x	x	x	16,955	8,250	8,705
Non-migrants	x	x	x	10,060	4,810	5,250
Migrants	x	x	x	6,890	3,440	3,455
Internal migrants	x	x	x	5,400	2,715	2,690
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	4,620	2,340	2,280
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	780	375	400
External migrants	x	x	x	1,485	720	765
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	x	x	x	98,235	48,220	50,015
Non-movers	x	x	x	55,840	27,250	28,590
Movers	x	x	x	42,395	20,970	21,425
Non-migrants	x	x	x	24,890	12,240	12,655
Migrants	x	x	x	17,505	8,735	8,770
Internal migrants	x	x	x	13,305	6,610	6,695
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	11,920	5,925	5,990
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	1,385	685	705
External migrants	x	x	x	4,205	2,130	2,075

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Keeseekoose 66-KE-05, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kitchener Centre [Federal electoral district], Ontario