Census Profile, 2016 Census
Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Biggar, T Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]			Essex Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,226	...	...	125,442	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,161	...	...	120,477	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,082	...	...	48,268	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	979	...	...	46,332	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	141.4	...	...	114.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.75	...	...	1,100.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,225	1,085	1,140	125,440	62,360	63,080
0 to 14 years	380	190	190	21,940	11,350	10,590
0 to 4 years	130	65	70	6,200	3,235	2,970
5 to 9 years	125	60	65	7,505	3,885	3,620
10 to 14 years	125	65	60	8,230	4,235	4,000
15 to 64 years	1,310	670	640	82,125	40,955	41,165
15 to 19 years	125	65	60	8,415	4,435	3,980
20 to 24 years	90	45	45	7,405	3,770	3,640
25 to 29 years	125	60	65	5,730	2,930	2,800
30 to 34 years	125	65	55	6,175	2,975	3,200
35 to 39 years	125	60	70	7,435	3,620	3,810
40 to 44 years	135	65	65	8,705	4,290	4,420
45 to 49 years	115	60	55	9,370	4,635	4,740
50 to 54 years	145	70	75	10,375	5,105	5,265
55 to 59 years	165	85	80	9,865	4,965	4,900
60 to 64 years	160	90	75	8,640	4,230	4,410
65 years and over	535	220	310	21,380	10,055	11,330
65 to 69 years	125	60	65	7,685	3,785	3,900
70 to 74 years	110	50	60	5,295	2,635	2,660
75 to 79 years	95	40	55	3,515	1,665	1,855
80 to 84 years	95	40	55	2,390	1,090	1,300
85 years and over	115	35	80	2,495	875	1,615
85 to 89 years	70	20	45	1,495	605	885
90 to 94 years	30	10	20	780	205	570
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	195	55	140
100 years and over	5	0	5	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.5	16.7	17.5	18.2	16.8
15 to 64 years	58.9	61.8	56.1	65.5	65.7	65.3
65 years and over	24.0	20.3	27.2	17.0	16.1	18.0
85 years and over	5.2	3.2	7.0	2.0	1.4	2.6
Average age of the population	44.4	42.8	46.0	41.3	40.6	42.1
Median age of the population	45.2	43.3	47.4	43.3	42.6	44.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
Single-detached house	835	...	...	39,990	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	505	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	145	...	...	5,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,360	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	1,590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	115	...	...	1,830	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
1 person	355	...	...	9,500	...	...
2 persons	355	...	...	16,560	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...	7,525	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	8,230	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	4,515	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,150	...	...	122,575	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,840	895	950	103,505	51,005	52,495
Married or living common law	1,105	560	545	66,055	33,150	32,905
Married	945	480	465	59,030	29,655	29,375
Living common law	165	80	85	7,020	3,495	3,530
Not married and not living common law	740	335	400	37,450	17,855	19,590
Never married	380	225	150	24,270	13,315	10,960
Separated	45	25	25	2,460	1,055	1,410
Divorced	105	50	55	5,115	2,285	2,825
Widowed	210	30	175	5,600	1,195	4,400
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	615	...	...	36,930	...	...
2 persons	360	...	...	17,545	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...	7,570	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	8,090	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	3,725	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	610	...	...	36,930	...	...
Total couple families	530	...	...	32,305	...	...
Married couples	450	...	...	28,800	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...	3,510	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	80	...	...	4,620	...	...
Female parent	65	...	...	3,525	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	535	...	...	32,310	...	...
Couples without children	315	...	...	14,940	...	...
Couples with children	220	...	...	17,370	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	6,065	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	7,690	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	3,625	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	4,620	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	2,605	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	1,505	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	435	205	235	12,610	5,865	6,745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	980	...	...	46,330	...	...
One-census-family households	590	...	...	35,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	305	...	...	14,320	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	290	...	...	21,140	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	720	...	...
Non-census-family households	375	...	...	10,145	...	...
One-person households	355	...	...	9,500	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	25	...	...	645	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,165	1,055	1,110	124,610	62,055	62,555
English only	2,125	1,035	1,085	109,885	55,335	54,555
French only	0	0	0	65	35	35
English and French	35	20	20	13,630	6,125	7,505
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	1,025	565	460
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,165	1,055	1,110	124,610	62,055	62,555
English	2,145	1,045	1,100	119,820	59,690	60,140
French	15	5	5	3,460	1,665	1,795
English and French	0	0	0	315	150	165
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	1,015	555	455
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	10	3,620	1,735	1,885
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.9	0.9	2.9	2.8	3.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,170	1,055	1,110	124,610	62,055	62,555
Single responses	2,125	1,035	1,095	122,815	61,200	61,620
Official languages	1,865	900	970	108,155	53,870	54,290
English	1,845	890	960	104,310	52,020	52,285
French	20	10	15	3,850	1,850	2,000
Non-official languages	260	135	125	14,655	7,325	7,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	260	130	125	14,650	7,325	7,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,205	610	595
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	1,200	610	590
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	5	0	1,005	510	490
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	85	40	45
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	60	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	50	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	65	55	280	105	175
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	15	10	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	5	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	50	45	240	85	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	85	45	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	45	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	5	5	5	10	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	115	55	60	11,405	5,755	5,650
Albanian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Armenian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	2,405	1,145	1,255
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	45	15	25	2,390	1,140	1,245
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	5	0	5	285	140	145
Czech	5	5	5	50	20	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	310	155	155
Polish	0	0	5	615	275	340
Russian	15	10	10	105	40	70
Serbian	0	0	0	420	215	200
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	360	180	175
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ukrainian	15	0	10	150	70	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	2,705	1,325	1,380
Afrikaans	0	5	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	310	160	150
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	30	15	15	2,305	1,120	1,180
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	10	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	185	85	100
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	10	975	475	500
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	880	430	450
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Gujarati	5	5	0	70	35	35
Hindi	0	5	0	105	55	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	460	230	235
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Urdu	5	5	5	185	85	95
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	4,985	2,650	2,340
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,740	1,400	1,340
Portuguese	0	0	0	855	425	430
Romanian	0	0	0	380	190	190
Spanish	5	0	5	1,010	630	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	145	80	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	755	360	390
Chinese languages	0	0	0	745	360	385
Cantonese	0	0	0	265	130	140
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	395	195	200
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	400	205	205
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	40	25	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	360	175	180
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	45	25	15	1,790	855	935
English and French	0	0	0	650	290	355
English and non-official language	40	25	15	1,040	510	530
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,170	1,055	1,110	124,610	62,055	62,550
Single responses	2,090	1,015	1,075	122,085	60,865	61,220
Official languages	1,955	940	1,015	116,815	58,155	58,660
English	1,960	940	1,020	115,950	57,755	58,195
French	0	0	0	865	395	470
Non-official languages	135	75	60	5,270	2,710	2,560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	135	75	60	5,265	2,710	2,560
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	445	230	220
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	445	225	220
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	375	190	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	45	30	100	45	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	35	25	90	40	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	3,885	2,015	1,870
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	730	355	380
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	730	355	370
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Polish	0	0	0	245	115	125
Russian	5	5	0	35	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	140	75	70
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	100	40	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	740	375	365
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	680	350	335
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Greek	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	585	280	305
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	540	260	280
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gujarati	0	5	0	30	10	20
Hindi	5	5	0	55	30	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	315	160	155
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	115	55	55
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	1,725	960	770
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	535	230	305
Portuguese	0	0	0	280	120	155
Romanian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Spanish	0	0	5	745	525	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	85	50	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	455	230	225
Chinese languages	0	0	0	450	225	225
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	270	140	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	45	35	2,525	1,185	1,335
English and French	0	0	0	305	130	180
English and non-official language	75	40	30	2,145	1,030	1,120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	60	20	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,165	1,060	1,110	124,610	62,055	62,555
None	2,055	1,000	1,060	113,445	56,820	56,630
English	55	25	20	2,800	1,405	1,390
French	5	0	0	3,150	1,365	1,790
Non-official language	55	30	25	5,050	2,400	2,655
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	50	30	25	5,050	2,400	2,650
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	90	40	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,765	860	905	100,685	49,560	51,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,690	825	860	96,520	47,690	48,825
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,917	48,077	27,840	40,292	49,804	31,042
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,685	825	860	96,575	47,690	48,880
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,619	42,155	25,690	35,951	43,546	28,287
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,545	760	780	89,695	45,290	44,410
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,832	46,976	23,061	36,844	46,531	27,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,200	505	690	68,135	30,605	37,530
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,691	8,521	8,934	5,496	4,849	5,788
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,200	650	555	75,415	40,085	35,325
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,720	42,624	26,432	35,485	43,918	29,315
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,805	880	920	100,720	49,550	51,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,720	845	870	96,570	47,700	48,875
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,973	51,824	32,402	52,564	65,002	40,425
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,725	850	870	96,635	47,700	48,930
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,555	42,984	28,338	43,429	52,559	34,529
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,580	790	785	89,800	45,280	44,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,522	49,646	27,374	50,641	63,253	37,815
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	510	680	68,415	30,635	37,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,560	9,186	9,842	7,727	7,721	7,732
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,195	650	545	75,450	40,090	35,355
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,525	48,039	29,362	48,799	58,219	38,116
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,805	880	925	100,720	49,555	51,170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	495	295	205	36,225	21,035	15,190
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,439	67,422	35,458	59,770	68,604	49,523
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,076	69,346	39,379	72,538	83,400	57,493
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.2	89.5	78.8	89.6	92.3	85.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.2	70.4	57.9	72.5	75.2	68.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.9	10.6	21.4	10.4	7.7	14.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,765	860	910	100,680	49,565	51,120
Without total income	80	35	50	4,170	1,870	2,295
With total income	1,685	825	860	96,515	47,690	48,825
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.9	94.5	95.9	96.2	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	70	95	12,305	4,690	7,620
$10,000 to $19,999	275	95	180	13,435	4,590	8,845
$20,000 to $29,999	280	100	185	11,605	4,320	7,285
$30,000 to $39,999	200	75	125	10,570	4,700	5,865
$40,000 to $49,999	180	85	90	10,825	5,650	5,180
$50,000 to $59,999	155	90	65	8,220	4,490	3,730
$60,000 to $69,999	110	70	35	6,420	3,790	2,630
$70,000 to $79,999	95	65	25	5,210	3,330	1,880
$80,000 to $89,999	65	40	20	4,350	2,780	1,565
$90,000 to $99,999	55	35	20	3,755	2,165	1,595
$100,000 and over	115	95	20	9,815	7,180	2,640
$100,000 to $149,999	100	80	20	6,665	4,730	1,940
$150,000 and over	20	15	5	3,155	2,450	700
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,765	860	910	100,685	49,565	51,120
Without after-tax income	80	35	45	4,110	1,870	2,240
With after-tax income	1,690	830	860	96,570	47,695	48,880
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	96.5	94.5	95.9	96.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	180	75	105	12,795	4,770	8,030
$10,000 to $19,999	290	100	190	14,135	4,855	9,275
$20,000 to $29,999	315	120	195	13,605	5,210	8,400
$30,000 to $39,999	235	90	145	13,395	6,455	6,940
$40,000 to $49,999	215	125	85	11,980	6,485	5,495
$50,000 to $59,999	160	105	60	8,725	5,265	3,460
$60,000 to $69,999	110	70	35	6,730	4,385	2,345
$70,000 to $79,999	85	60	25	5,270	3,180	2,085
$80,000 and over	105	85	25	9,940	7,095	2,845
$80,000 to $89,999	40	35	10	3,170	2,105	1,065
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	10	1,775	1,260	515
$100,000 and over	40	35	5	4,995	3,725	1,270
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,765	855	910	100,685	49,565	51,120
Without employment income	565	210	355	25,270	9,480	15,790
With employment income	1,200	645	555	75,410	40,085	35,325
Percentage with employment income	68.0	75.4	61.0	74.9	80.9	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	195	100	90	13,160	7,620	5,540
$5,000 to $9,999	90	40	50	5,330	2,250	3,080
$10,000 to $19,999	140	55	80	8,515	3,450	5,065
$20,000 to $29,999	150	60	85	7,015	2,775	4,240
$30,000 to $39,999	125	60	65	6,660	2,850	3,815
$40,000 to $49,999	120	55	60	6,280	2,800	3,480
$50,000 to $59,999	90	50	40	5,160	2,735	2,420
$60,000 to $69,999	70	50	20	4,540	2,715	1,825
$70,000 to $79,999	60	40	15	4,130	2,725	1,410
$80,000 and over	175	135	40	14,620	10,160	4,455
$80,000 to $89,999	35	25	10	3,380	2,180	1,195
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	3,315	1,870	1,450
$100,000 and over	100	85	15	7,925	6,110	1,815
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	980	...	...	46,330	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,168	...	...	88,045	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,131	...	...	76,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	350	...	...	9,505	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,704	...	...	41,489	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,016	...	...	36,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	625	...	...	36,830	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,000	...	...	102,831	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,032	...	...	88,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,785	...	...	109,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,504	...	...	90,567	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	9,495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,898	...	...	53,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,735	...	...	43,938	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	645	...	...	36,845	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,667	...	...	123,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,249	...	...	102,584	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	980	...	...	46,330	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	880	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	1,280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	1,430	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	1,480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	1,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	40	...	...	1,715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	3,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...	3,225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	3,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	3,005	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	2,770	...	...
$100,000 and over	265	...	...	19,825	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	5,865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	4,365	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	75	...	...	5,370	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	4,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	980	...	...	46,330	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	925	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	1,430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	1,350	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	1,695	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	1,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	2,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	2,100	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...	4,090	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	70	...	...	3,985	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	3,810	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	3,435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	2,995	...	...
$100,000 and over	170	...	...	15,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...	5,890	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	3,765	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	5,600	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	610	...	...	36,430	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,296	...	...	102,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,328	...	...	87,972	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	295	...	...	14,025	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,896	...	...	83,586	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,168	...	...	72,928	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	17,540	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	133,431	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,512	...	...	111,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	4,240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,480	...	...	62,579	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	56,548	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	635	...	...	36,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,020	...	...	124,169	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,894	...	...	102,694	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	13,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,929	...	...	100,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,259	...	...	83,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	17,570	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,592	...	...	153,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,006	...	...	126,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	4,250	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,952	...	...	81,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,879	...	...	68,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	405	185	220	10,880	5,225	5,655
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,320	41,088	28,864	39,507	45,879	33,664
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,184	35,328	27,584	35,144	39,760	31,025
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	375	155	215	10,865	5,170	5,690
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,199	45,535	36,346	51,085	60,218	42,783
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,672	38,007	32,264	42,090	47,768	36,929
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,150	1,050	1,100	122,570	60,885	61,685
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,115	515	600	44,760	21,305	23,455
In the bottom decile	170	80	85	5,465	2,590	2,880
In the second decile	275	120	160	7,245	3,140	4,110
In the third decile	245	105	135	9,275	4,330	4,950
In the fourth decile	235	110	120	10,720	5,165	5,545
In the fifth decile	195	95	100	12,055	6,080	5,975
In the top half of the distribution	1,035	535	500	77,810	39,585	38,225
In the sixth decile	185	85	100	13,410	6,685	6,725
In the seventh decile	260	135	125	14,700	7,460	7,245
In the eighth decile	260	135	125	16,000	8,140	7,865
In the ninth decile	190	105	85	17,090	8,760	8,330
In the top decile	145	75	65	16,605	8,535	8,065
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,150	1,050	1,100	122,575	60,890	61,685
0 to 17 years	455	230	230	26,910	13,955	12,955
0 to 5 years	160	80	80	7,580	3,935	3,650
18 to 64 years	1,230	625	595	75,700	37,335	38,360
65 years and over	465	195	275	19,960	9,595	10,365
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	305	140	160	8,845	3,995	4,855
0 to 17 years	70	35	35	2,335	1,195	1,135
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	715	350	360
18 to 64 years	150	75	75	5,090	2,300	2,795
65 years and over	80	30	50	1,415	495	920
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.3	14.5	7.2	6.6	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.4	15.2	15.2	8.7	8.6	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	12.5	18.8	9.4	8.9	9.9
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	12.0	12.6	6.7	6.2	7.3
65 years and over (%)	17.2	15.4	18.2	7.1	5.2	8.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	90	40	45	3,585	1,740	1,845
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	820	415	400
0 to 5 years	10	0	10	210	105	100
18 to 64 years	60	30	25	2,495	1,215	1,280
65 years and over	5	0	5	270	105	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	3.8	4.1	2.9	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.3	4.3	3.0	3.0	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.3	0.0	12.5	2.8	2.7	2.7
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.8	4.2	3.3	3.3	3.3
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.0	1.8	1.4	1.1	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,150	1,050	1,100	122,615	60,915	61,700
Official languages	2,145	1,045	1,095	122,045	60,690	61,355
English	2,140	1,045	1,100	122,005	60,670	61,335
French	15	10	0	13,605	6,110	7,495
Non-official languages	180	90	90	17,160	8,340	8,820
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	90	85	17,120	8,320	8,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,585	805	785
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,580	800	780
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,320	660	660
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	185	95	80
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	105	60	50
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	145	75	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	55	30	305	95	205
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	15	10	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	55	35	255	70	190
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tamil	0	0	0	55	35	20
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	35	50	13,320	6,490	6,830
Albanian	0	0	0	140	65	80
Armenian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	2,730	1,320	1,405
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages	25	10	15	2,720	1,315	1,405
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Croatian	0	0	0	460	240	215
Czech	10	0	10	55	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	390	205	185
Polish	0	0	0	815	360	455
Russian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Serbian	0	0	0	590	295	300
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Slovak	0	0	0	355	155	195
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	20	0	15	80	30	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages	30	15	20	3,115	1,545	1,570
Afrikaans	10	10	0	50	25	20
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Dutch	10	10	0	415	205	210
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	20	10	20	2,555	1,275	1,280
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	60	85
Greek	0	0	0	220	110	115
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	1,150	595	555
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	1,040	535	505
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	100	50	45
Hindi	10	0	10	340	180	165
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	495	255	240
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	285	150	135
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	55	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	6,200	3,040	3,155
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	3,710	1,880	1,835
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,070	520	550
Romanian	0	0	0	395	185	205
Spanish	20	10	10	1,210	565	650
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	160	90	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	60	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	115	45	75
American Sign Language	10	0	0	65	20	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	790	370	425
Chinese languages	0	0	0	790	365	420
Cantonese	0	0	0	285	145	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	475	225	250
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	110	60	55
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	115	60	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	500	260	240
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	460	240	220
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,150	1,050	1,105	122,620	60,915	61,700
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,050	985	1,060	119,885	59,820	60,070
Canadian citizens aged under 18	380	180	200	26,725	13,910	12,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,670	810	860	93,160	45,910	47,250
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	100	60	40	2,730	1,100	1,630
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,150	1,050	1,105	122,615	60,915	61,700
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,990	960	1,035	107,150	53,640	53,505
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	160	90	70	15,175	7,115	8,060
Before 1981	35	20	15	7,715	3,810	3,900
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,905	805	1,095
1991 to 2000	0	0	10	2,485	1,115	1,365
2001 to 2010	50	40	10	2,285	995	1,290
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	1,315	585	730
2006 to 2010	35	25	15	975	415	560
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	70	30	35	785	375	400
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	295	160	135
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	155	90	70	15,175	7,110	8,060
Under 5 years	10	10	0	2,310	1,185	1,120
5 to 14 years	65	40	20	3,310	1,645	1,665
15 to 24 years	40	10	30	3,700	1,565	2,135
25 to 44 years	40	20	20	5,050	2,355	2,695
45 years and over	10	10	0	795	365	435
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	160	90	70	15,175	7,115	8,060
Americas	25	10	15	3,545	1,315	2,235
Brazil	0	0	0	50	10	40
Colombia	10	0	10	70	20	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	0	20
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jamaica	10	0	0	60	30	30
Mexico	0	0	0	845	395	445
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	55	20	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	2,130	710	1,420
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	275	110	165
Europe	35	15	20	7,895	3,960	3,935
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	95	55	35
Croatia	0	0	10	320	185	135
France	0	0	0	65	40	20
Germany	0	0	0	385	195	190
Greece	0	0	0	80	65	20
Hungary	0	0	0	200	80	125
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Italy	0	0	0	1,625	905	720
Netherlands	0	0	0	365	200	165
Poland	0	0	0	470	210	265
Portugal	0	0	0	610	285	325
Romania	0	0	0	365	180	180
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	20	40
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	375	170	200
Ukraine	0	0	0	65	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	1,875	890	985
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	875	420	460
Africa	10	0	0	370	195	175
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	45	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	105	55	50
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	130	60	70
Asia	95	60	35	3,290	1,585	1,710
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	425	165	260
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	150	65	85
India	10	0	0	640	335	305
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iraq	0	0	0	210	105	105
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	145	75	70
Lebanon	0	0	0	420	225	195
Pakistan	0	0	0	190	105	85
Philippines	90	55	30	325	125	195
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	20	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	45	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	45	20	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	140	65	75
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	355	165	190
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	55	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	30	35	780	380	405
Americas	10	0	10	335	160	170
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	25	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	25	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	180	85	95
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	30	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	20	10
Europe	0	0	0	110	65	45
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	20	20
Africa	0	0	0	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	55	30	25	315	145	175
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	85	30	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	10	10	10	65	40	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	50	25	20	50	20	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,150	1,045	1,100	122,615	60,915	61,700
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	160	90	70	16,360	7,780	8,585
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	310	130	180	24,175	12,040	12,130
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,680	830	855	82,085	41,090	40,990
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	120	70	50	7,715	3,425	4,295
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	100	60	35	3,210	1,565	1,645
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	20	0	1,125	785	335
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	80	45	35	2,085	780	1,310
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	0	10	3,350	1,265	2,085
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	10	1,030	540	495
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,150	1,050	1,100	122,615	60,915	61,705
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	170	90	75	3,155	1,545	1,610
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	170	85	75	3,035	1,495	1,540
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	60	30	30	1,210	525	680
Métis	105	55	55	1,815	965	850
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	50	25	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,980	955	1,025	119,460	59,370	60,095
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,150	1,045	1,105	122,615	60,915	61,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	50	25	25	715	380	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,095	1,025	1,075	121,900	60,535	61,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,150	1,045	1,105	122,615	60,915	61,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	15	15	410	225	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	15	15	405	220	190
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	210	95	115
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10	200	125	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	210	110	100	5,235	2,480	2,750
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	210	110	100	5,175	2,470	2,710
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	35	3,440	1,595	1,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	75	65	1,725	870	855
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,910	920	990	116,975	58,210	58,760
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,150	1,045	1,105	122,615	60,915	61,700
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	115	70	50	7,665	3,800	3,865
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	10	1,630	860	765
Chinese	0	0	0	1,120	530	590
Black	0	0	0	1,645	845	805
Filipino	85	55	30	580	265	315
Latin American	10	0	10	415	150	265
Arab	0	0	0	1,150	595	555
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	265	125	135
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	140	70	65
Korean	0	0	0	190	105	85
Japanese	10	0	0	45	25	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	170	80	95
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	320	150	170
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,035	975	1,055	114,955	57,110	57,835
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,150	1,045	1,100	122,620	60,915	61,700
North American Aboriginal origins	240	125	115	5,645	2,705	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian)	85	45	40	3,715	1,710	2,005
Inuit	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis	160	85	75	1,985	1,015	970
Other North American origins	650	330	320	43,350	21,510	21,835
Acadian	0	0	0	40	25	15
American	30	15	15	1,865	795	1,065
Canadian	640	330	315	42,275	21,050	21,220
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	40	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	1,685	800	890	96,610	47,720	48,895
British Isles origins	1,045	495	555	54,305	26,360	27,945
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	655	315	340	31,965	15,485	16,475
Irish	315	135	175	22,035	10,330	11,710
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	400	195	200	19,890	9,680	10,210
Welsh	60	25	35	1,705	870	835
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	0	20	2,345	1,050	1,300
French origins	190	100	95	36,035	17,675	18,365
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	190	100	95	36,040	17,675	18,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	760	345	415	23,095	11,385	11,705
Austrian	20	10	15	595	280	315
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,760	915	850
Dutch	60	25	30	5,135	2,550	2,580
Flemish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	695	320	380	17,050	8,340	8,705
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	10	350	145	210
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	170	115	55	1,655	730	920
Danish	20	15	10	335	150	190
Finnish	0	0	0	485	220	265
Icelandic	20	10	10	60	25	30
Norwegian	95	60	40	410	200	215
Swedish	40	35	0	385	155	225
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Eastern European origins	570	270	295	15,570	7,560	8,010
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Czech	75	35	40	420	205	215
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	375	180	190
Estonian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hungarian	0	0	10	3,120	1,570	1,545
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	170	100	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	55	20	4,855	2,335	2,520
Romanian	10	0	15	1,680	840	840
Russian	60	25	35	1,560	750	810
Slovak	0	0	0	1,385	630	755
Ukrainian	380	185	190	4,225	2,065	2,160
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	50	10	35
Southern European origins	45	15	30	20,745	10,390	10,355
Albanian	0	0	0	185	90	95
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,075	540	530
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	785	355	425
Italian	0	0	0	13,540	6,830	6,715
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	670	350	325
Maltese	0	0	0	430	245	185
Montenegrin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,375	1,160	1,210
Serbian	0	0	0	1,070	575	495
Sicilian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	205	70	135
Spanish	10	0	10	630	275	350
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	665	315	350
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	310	135	185
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	110	30	75
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	185	90	100
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	570	260	310
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	0	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	285	140	150
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	130	45	85
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	1,400	630	770
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	0	45
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Chilean	0	0	0	35	10	25
Colombian	15	0	15	105	40	65
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	60	20	35
Hispanic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mexican	0	0	0	750	370	385
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	20	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	20	35
African origins	0	0	0	1,180	600	585
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	215	120	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	120	70	55
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	15
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	140	70	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Libyan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	175	90	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	85	35	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	680	335	350
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	135	55	80
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	545	275	265
Asian origins	100	65	35	7,820	3,965	3,850
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	3,695	1,905	1,785
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	220	95	125
Armenian	0	0	0	195	90	105
Assyrian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Iraqi	0	0	0	390	205	185
Israeli	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	2,095	1,115	980
Palestinian	0	0	0	170	80	90
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	185	90	95
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	55	35	20
South Asian origins	10	10	0	1,780	920	860
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	1,495	755	745
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	10	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	225	135	90
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	30	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	65	35	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	90	60	30	2,450	1,195	1,250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Chinese	0	0	0	1,355	670	690
Filipino	85	55	30	650	305	345
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	10	0	75	40	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	190	110	80
Laotian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	230	110	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	145	90	55
Australian	0	0	0	75	35	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	35	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	25	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
Owner	730	...	...	40,945	...	...
Renter	245	...	...	5,390	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	975	...	...	46,340	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	1,690	...	...
Not condominium	930	...	...	44,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	980	...	...	46,340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	2,070	...	...
2 bedrooms	230	...	...	7,905	...	...
3 bedrooms	355	...	...	21,195	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	310	...	...	15,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	190	...	...	4,270	...	...
5 rooms	150	...	...	5,100	...	...
6 rooms	105	...	...	6,705	...	...
7 rooms	160	...	...	7,670	...	...
8 or more rooms	370	...	...	22,595	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	975	...	...	46,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	970	...	...	46,165	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
Suitable	960	...	...	45,335	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
1960 or before	420	...	...	10,655	...	...
1961 to 1980	355	...	...	11,890	...	...
1981 to 1990	120	...	...	4,760	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	8,545	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	4,740	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	2,985	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	905	...	...	43,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	75	...	...	2,460	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	980	...	...	46,340	...	...
1 household maintainer	670	...	...	24,305	...	...
2 household maintainers	300	...	...	21,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	980	...	...	46,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	480	...	...
25 to 34 years	120	...	...	4,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	165	...	...	8,210	...	...
45 to 54 years	140	...	...	10,755	...	...
55 to 64 years	190	...	...	10,235	...	...
65 to 74 years	150	...	...	7,550	...	...
75 to 84 years	130	...	...	3,740	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	960	...	...	45,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	830	...	...	39,375	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	6,285	...	...
30% to less than 100%	125	...	...	5,650	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	730	...	...	40,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.9	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.4	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	526	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	746	...	...	1,201	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,748	...	...	250,619	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	197,846	...	...	297,928	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	245	...	...	5,380	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	26.5	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.2	...	...	37.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	783	...	...	834	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	823	...	...	851	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,805	880	925	100,720	49,550	51,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	485	270	210	16,960	8,850	8,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	520	255	270	30,520	15,045	15,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	795	355	440	53,245	25,655	27,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	230	165	65	7,710	5,845	1,865
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	140	100	40	2,915	1,735	1,175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	70	25	4,800	4,115	685
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	340	100	245	24,290	10,455	13,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	30	25	1,675	690	985
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	175	65	110	19,565	8,670	10,900
Bachelor's degree	130	40	90	13,405	5,660	7,745
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,635	655	975
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	655	405	250
Master's degree	30	20	10	3,300	1,635	1,665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	565	310	260
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,090	545	545	65,030	31,790	33,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	190	110	80	5,260	3,005	2,255
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	320	170	150	18,575	9,410	9,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	580	260	315	41,195	19,380	21,815
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	160	115	45	5,230	4,020	1,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	95	70	25	1,965	1,200	765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	45	20	3,265	2,820	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	265	90	175	19,150	8,195	10,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	15	0	1,130	475	655
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	130	40	90	15,680	6,690	8,985
Bachelor's degree	105	30	75	10,720	4,395	6,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,325	510	815
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	560	335	220
Master's degree	20	10	0	2,660	1,255	1,405
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	415	195	220
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,805	885	920	100,720	49,550	51,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,010	525	485	47,475	23,890	23,580
Education	85	25	55	3,795	885	2,910
13. Education	80	30	55	3,790	890	2,905
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,155	495	655
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	155	120	35
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,000	375	625
Humanities	15	15	0	1,965	795	1,165
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	165	25	135
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	460	155	300
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	415	180	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	60	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	220	120	100
54. History	0	0	0	410	205	205
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	190	40	155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	15	20	5,545	1,700	3,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	635	285	355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	15	1,210	40	1,170
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	820	285	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	60	20	45
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,140	250	890
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	1,645	830	820
Business, management and public administration	185	45	145	9,690	3,555	6,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	1,050	145	905
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	160	35	125	8,605	3,410	5,195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,715	815	895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	695	260	435
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	445	215	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	375	275	100
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	185	65	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	1,520	900	625
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,140	725	415
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	25	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	135	140
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	175	160	10	13,240	12,530	710
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	300	230	75
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,795	1,545	245
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	0	2,645	2,405	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	2,405	2,385	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	45	0	2,705	2,640	65
48. Precision production	40	40	0	3,395	3,325	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	0	970	625	350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	20	0	710	470	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	260	155	105
Health and related fields	185	10	185	9,910	1,745	8,165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	670	365	300
51. Health professions and related programs	185	10	180	9,130	1,305	7,820
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	70	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	65	15	3,725	1,595	2,130
12. Personal and culinary services	30	20	15	2,015	325	1,685
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	1,265	885	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	425	360	65
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,085	545	540	65,030	31,795	33,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	510	280	225	23,835	12,415	11,420
Education	35	15	25	2,695	560	2,135
13. Education	35	15	20	2,695	560	2,135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	915	390	525
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	125	90	30
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	790	300	490
Humanities	10	10	0	1,345	545	795
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	25	110
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	300	90	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	310	145	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	40	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	120	75	50
54. History	0	0	0	285	135	145
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	125	20	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	15	4,520	1,325	3,190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	525	235	290
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,040	30	1,005
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	675	220	455
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	40	0	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	880	180	700
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	1,335	655	680
Business, management and public administration	155	35	115	7,740	2,705	5,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20	850	105	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	130	30	95	6,865	2,595	4,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,160	520	640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	455	150	305
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	325	150	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	230	170	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	140	50	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,250	765	490
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	990	645	345
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	15	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	205	95	105
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	125	115	10	10,080	9,480	595
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	260	200	55
14. Engineering	0	10	0	1,545	1,320	220
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	20	0	2,040	1,830	205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	10	1,630	1,605	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	10	1,950	1,905	50
48. Precision production	35	35	0	2,655	2,620	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	20	10	715	430	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	15	0	530	320	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	180	105	75
Health and related fields	135	10	130	7,885	1,385	6,500
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	485	245	240
51. Health professions and related programs	130	0	125	7,305	1,085	6,220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	100	60	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	45	15	2,890	1,265	1,630
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	15	1,500	225	1,275
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	1,015	710	310
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	355	305	50
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,805	880	920	100,720	49,550	51,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,005	525	480	47,475	23,895	23,585
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	800	355	440	53,245	25,660	27,590
Location of study inside Canada	770	340	425	47,415	22,600	24,815
Same as province or territory of residence	610	255	355	46,090	21,940	24,150
Different than province or territory of residence	155	85	70	1,325	655	670
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	20	5,835	3,060	2,770
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	2,875	1,500	1,370
Philippines	10	10	10	160	35	125
India	10	0	0	215	130	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	605	360	235
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	120	50	70
France	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other	10	0	0	1,835	970	865
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,090	545	545	65,030	31,795	33,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510	280	230	23,835	12,415	11,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	580	265	315	41,195	19,380	21,815
Location of study inside Canada	555	250	305	36,990	17,290	19,695
Same as province or territory of residence	430	185	245	36,005	16,805	19,200
Different than province or territory of residence	125	65	55	980	485	495
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	15	4,205	2,090	2,120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,200	1,120	1,075
Philippines	10	10	10	130	30	105
India	0	10	0	190	105	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	285	165	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	110	45	65
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	10	0	10	1,285	625	665
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,805	885	920	100,720	49,550	51,170
In the labour force	1,020	525	495	65,570	34,100	31,470
Employed	955	480	475	62,115	32,325	29,795
Unemployed	65	45	20	3,445	1,775	1,675
Not in the labour force	785	355	425	35,155	15,455	19,705
Participation rate	56.5	59.3	53.8	65.1	68.8	61.5
Employment rate	52.9	54.2	51.6	61.7	65.2	58.2
Unemployment rate	6.4	8.6	4.0	5.3	5.2	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,805	880	925	100,720	49,550	51,170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	700	280	420	32,815	14,225	18,590
Worked	1,100	600	500	67,910	35,330	32,580
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	510	305	210	36,820	21,460	15,355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	590	300	290	31,095	13,870	17,220
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.4	42.8	44.0	44.5	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,020	525	490	65,565	34,100	31,470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,115	510	605
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,020	525	490	64,450	33,590	30,865
Employee	885	450	430	57,965	29,485	28,475
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	135	75	60	6,490	4,105	2,385
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,020	525	495	65,570	34,100	31,470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,115	510	605
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,015	525	495	64,455	33,590	30,865
0 Management occupations	110	70	35	6,635	4,235	2,395
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	140	35	100	8,735	2,225	6,505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	40	0	3,775	3,110	665
3 Health occupations	95	0	90	5,660	1,035	4,630
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	90	20	70	6,800	2,085	4,715
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	1,090	410	685
6 Sales and service occupations	210	50	160	13,240	4,960	8,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	205	200	10	10,745	10,060	685
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	80	0	1,525	1,115	410
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	35	10	6,255	4,365	1,890
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,015	525	490	65,565	34,100	31,470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,110	510	605
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,020	525	495	64,455	33,590	30,865
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	85	10	1,945	1,230	715
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	255	245	10
22 Utilities	0	10	0	505	365	140
23 Construction	45	45	10	4,325	3,735	590
31-33 Manufacturing	80	60	20	13,295	9,915	3,380
41 Wholesale trade	55	40	10	1,815	1,220	590
44-45 Retail trade	125	45	85	6,990	3,035	3,960
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	45	0	2,750	1,895	850
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	530	275	255
52 Finance and insurance	25	0	25	2,185	700	1,485
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	775	420	355
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	15	15	2,970	1,705	1,265
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	35	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	0	25	2,045	1,225	825
61 Educational services	65	20	40	4,945	1,365	3,575
62 Health care and social assistance	140	0	135	8,265	1,290	6,980
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	15	1,650	850	800
72 Accommodation and food services	70	25	45	3,765	1,285	2,485
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	50	15	2,445	1,175	1,270
91 Public administration	70	40	25	2,945	1,625	1,325
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	950	480	470	62,115	32,325	29,795
Worked at home	45	25	20	3,130	1,570	1,565
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	2,145	1,345	805
No fixed workplace address	115	110	10	5,630	4,085	1,550
Worked at usual place	795	350	445	51,210	25,325	25,880
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	795	350	440	51,205	25,330	25,880
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	645	275	365	11,730	5,110	6,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50	30	15	37,900	19,405	18,495
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	90	30	60	1,460	735	720
Commute to a different province or territory	10	15	0	120	80	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	910	455	455	56,840	29,410	27,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	740	375	360	51,780	26,985	24,795
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	15	10	3,000	1,480	1,525
Public transit	10	10	0	230	85	145
Walked	95	35	60	1,255	525	730
Bicycle	30	10	10	235	165	65
Other method	15	10	10	340	180	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	910	455	455	56,840	29,415	27,425
Less than 15 minutes	650	290	360	14,900	6,780	8,120
15 to 29 minutes	95	70	20	24,485	12,810	11,675
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	25	13,790	7,730	6,060
45 to 59 minutes	30	20	10	2,725	1,445	1,285
60 minutes and over	80	45	40	940	650	290
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	910	455	455	56,840	29,410	27,425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	0	20	4,210	2,940	1,265
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	220	130	90	12,245	8,420	3,825
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	275	150	125	14,450	7,060	7,395
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	225	100	125	10,440	3,585	6,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	15	40	5,045	1,745	3,295
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	120	60	60	10,450	5,655	4,795
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,135	605	530	69,775	36,225	33,550
Single responses	1,135	605	525	69,400	36,040	33,365
Official languages	1,130	605	525	69,215	35,945	33,265
English	1,130	605	530	68,580	35,805	32,770
French	0	0	0	635	140	495
Non-official languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	190	90	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	65	45	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	35	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	370	185	185
English and French	0	0	0	160	70	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	205	110	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,130	605	525	69,770	36,225	33,545
None	1,130	605	525	67,330	35,230	32,100
English	0	0	0	485	140	340
French	0	0	0	1,045	345	705
Non-official language	0	0	0	880	495	390
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	885	495	390
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,135	1,035	1,100	121,565	60,300	61,270
Non-movers	1,875	915	960	111,035	55,035	56,005
Movers	260	125	135	10,530	5,260	5,265
Non-migrants	90	50	45	5,160	2,615	2,545
Migrants	170	75	90	5,370	2,645	2,725
Internal migrants	135	60	75	4,960	2,415	2,540
Intraprovincial migrants	110	45	65	4,465	2,150	2,320
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	10	490	265	225
External migrants	30	15	15	415	230	180
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,015	985	1,030	116,535	57,700	58,835
Non-movers	1,300	640	660	82,095	40,645	41,450
Movers	715	345	370	34,440	17,055	17,385
Non-migrants	265	130	135	18,020	8,995	9,025
Migrants	455	215	235	16,420	8,060	8,360
Internal migrants	400	190	205	15,320	7,520	7,795
Intraprovincial migrants	300	135	165	14,300	7,015	7,285
Interprovincial migrants	95	60	40	1,020	505	515
External migrants	55	25	30	1,105	540	565

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Biggar, T [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 28, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Biggar, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Essex [Federal electoral district], Ontario