Census Profile, 2016 Census
Alberta [Province] and London, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Alberta [Province]			London, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Alberta [Province]  Map : Alberta [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : London, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	4,067,175	...	...	383,822	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	3,645,257	...	...	366,151	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.6	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,654,129	...	...	175,558	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,527,678	...	...	163,140	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.4	...	...	913.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	640,330.46	...	...	420.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765	383,825	185,610	198,215
0 to 14 years	779,155	399,570	379,580	61,885	31,580	30,300
0 to 4 years	266,515	136,520	129,995	20,300	10,455	9,840
5 to 9 years	270,715	138,990	131,725	21,235	10,835	10,400
10 to 14 years	241,920	124,060	117,860	20,350	10,285	10,060
15 to 64 years	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655	258,180	126,295	131,890
15 to 19 years	240,035	123,625	116,410	22,645	11,520	11,130
20 to 24 years	261,830	133,990	127,840	30,230	15,255	14,975
25 to 29 years	310,940	156,715	154,225	28,585	14,265	14,325
30 to 34 years	333,175	167,555	165,620	26,210	12,870	13,340
35 to 39 years	305,505	153,655	151,850	23,730	11,595	12,135
40 to 44 years	281,205	142,545	138,660	23,070	11,220	11,845
45 to 49 years	269,030	135,855	133,180	24,565	11,960	12,610
50 to 54 years	284,310	142,205	142,100	28,515	13,800	14,715
55 to 59 years	275,540	138,565	136,970	27,210	12,915	14,295
60 to 64 years	226,230	113,440	112,790	23,425	10,890	12,530
65 years and over	500,215	231,690	268,530	63,760	27,735	36,020
65 to 69 years	173,680	85,500	88,180	20,555	9,525	11,035
70 to 74 years	117,035	56,430	60,610	14,720	6,720	8,000
75 to 79 years	83,955	39,105	44,845	10,960	4,900	6,065
80 to 84 years	62,165	27,590	34,575	8,345	3,465	4,875
85 years and over	63,385	23,065	40,320	9,170	3,120	6,050
85 to 89 years	39,965	16,050	23,915	5,510	2,085	3,430
90 to 94 years	18,025	5,755	12,275	2,895	850	2,045
95 to 99 years	4,735	1,145	3,595	665	170	500
100 years and over	650	115	535	95	15	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.2	19.6	18.7	16.1	17.0	15.3
15 to 64 years	68.5	69.0	68.0	67.3	68.0	66.5
65 years and over	12.3	11.4	13.2	16.6	14.9	18.2
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.0	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	37.8	37.2	38.4	40.5	39.3	41.7
Median age of the population	36.7	36.2	37.2	39.7	38.1	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
Single-detached house	946,225	...	...	81,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	62,395	...	...	33,985	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	471,090	...	...	47,860	...	...
Semi-detached house	86,765	...	...	5,885	...	...
Row house	116,625	...	...	20,575	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	43,090	...	...	4,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	223,360	...	...	16,870	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,245	...	...	175	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	47,970	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 person	366,080	...	...	52,190	...	...
2 persons	524,415	...	...	55,300	...	...
3 persons	245,075	...	...	23,975	...	...
4 persons	233,770	...	...	20,375	...	...
5 or more persons	158,335	...	...	11,300	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,978,145	...	...	378,040	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185	321,940	154,030	167,910
Married or living common law	1,969,300	988,410	980,895	172,210	85,980	86,230
Married	1,648,945	828,155	820,790	142,360	71,055	71,305
Living common law	320,350	160,250	160,100	29,850	14,930	14,920
Not married and not living common law	1,318,720	651,430	667,290	149,725	68,045	81,680
Never married	905,700	505,310	400,390	98,445	51,810	46,640
Separated	76,150	34,000	42,150	11,175	4,655	6,520
Divorced	195,850	82,040	113,815	21,890	8,030	13,860
Widowed	141,020	30,080	110,940	18,220	3,555	14,665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,114,585	...	...	104,190	...	...
2 persons	540,850	...	...	53,665	...	...
3 persons	235,245	...	...	22,425	...	...
4 persons	227,165	...	...	19,255	...	...
5 or more persons	111,330	...	...	8,840	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,114,585	...	...	104,190	...	...
Total couple families	953,325	...	...	84,235	...	...
Married couples	793,195	...	...	69,310	...	...
Common-law couples	160,130	...	...	14,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	161,260	...	...	19,955	...	...
Female parent	123,490	...	...	16,135	...	...
Male parent	37,770	...	...	3,820	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	953,325	...	...	84,230	...	...
Couples without children	443,665	...	...	41,405	...	...
Couples with children	509,655	...	...	42,825	...	...
1 child	190,010	...	...	16,845	...	...
2 children	213,910	...	...	17,705	...	...
3 or more children	105,735	...	...	8,275	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	161,260	...	...	19,955	...	...
1 child	97,180	...	...	12,260	...	...
2 children	45,235	...	...	5,580	...	...
3 or more children	18,845	...	...	2,115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	678,535	356,875	321,655	78,910	36,695	42,210
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
One-census-family households	1,039,985	...	...	100,215	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	414,570	...	...	40,005	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	625,415	...	...	60,210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	36,120	...	...	1,955	...	...
Non-census-family households	451,570	...	...	60,975	...	...
One-person households	366,080	...	...	52,190	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85,490	...	...	8,785	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140	379,435	183,835	195,600
English only	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095	345,330	169,410	175,915
French only	3,895	1,725	2,165	225	110	120
English and French	264,720	124,400	140,315	27,795	11,815	15,985
Neither English nor French	59,280	24,715	34,565	6,095	2,505	3,585
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140	379,440	183,835	195,600
English	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705	366,690	178,300	188,390
French	71,535	37,205	34,330	4,790	2,150	2,635
English and French	16,605	8,350	8,255	2,010	945	1,065
Neither English nor French	57,830	23,970	33,860	5,945	2,435	3,510
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	79,840	41,380	38,455	5,795	2,625	3,170
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.5	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140	379,435	183,835	195,605
Single responses	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970	371,865	180,110	191,760
Official languages	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165	293,545	142,635	150,910
English	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460	288,790	140,515	148,280
French	72,150	37,450	34,705	4,750	2,120	2,635
Non-official languages	870,940	423,140	447,805	78,325	37,480	40,845
Aboriginal languages	23,835	11,290	12,550	130	40	85
Algonquian languages	18,295	8,665	9,630	55	15	40
Blackfoot	2,750	1,305	1,445	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	14,960	7,105	7,850	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	50	15	35	0	0	0
Plains Cree	720	280	435	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	20	35	0	0	0
Woods Cree	910	430	480	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	13,220	6,355	6,865	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0	0	5
Malecite	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	20	15	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	550	235	315	50	20	30
Algonquin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	525	230	300	45	15	25
Oji-Cree	15	5	15	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,865	865	1,000	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,855	860	990	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	35	15	15	0	0	0
Carrier	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	1,470	710	760	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Gwich'in	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	70	20	45	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	200	90	115	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	10	5	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	155	70	80	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	120	35	85	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	5	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	45	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	10	30	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5	50	15	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	5	0	0
Oneida	0	5	0	45	15	30
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Kutenai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	80	45	35	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	3,370	1,630	1,745	0	0	0
Dakota	350	165	185	0	0	0
Stoney	3,020	1,460	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	55	30	25	15	10	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	847,105	411,850	435,255	78,195	37,435	40,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	68,415	36,215	32,200	13,010	6,645	6,370
Berber languages	340	190	145	15	10	5
Kabyle	165	90	75	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	175	100	75	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	12,525	6,495	6,030	260	120	140
Bilen	315	185	130	5	0	5
Oromo	2,650	1,375	1,275	15	5	10
Somali	9,520	4,915	4,605	235	110	125
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	5	0	0
Semitic languages	55,425	29,450	25,980	12,720	6,500	6,225
Amharic	7,320	3,605	3,720	260	130	130
Arabic	40,540	21,840	18,705	10,580	5,415	5,170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	400	210	190	1,040	520	520
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	145	80	65	210	100	105
Harari	260	135	120	5	5	0
Hebrew	960	505	460	135	75	60
Maltese	75	30	40	185	100	85
Tigrigna	5,415	2,880	2,535	250	125	125
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	305	155	145	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	130	80	50	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	25,295	11,760	13,535	2,500	1,140	1,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,925	910	1,010	770	355	415
Vietnamese	23,350	10,840	12,505	1,730	785	945
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115,405	50,190	65,210	1,880	725	1,155
Bikol	425	205	225	5	0	5
Cebuano	5,135	2,155	2,980	80	25	55
Fijian	125	75	50	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	1,500	640	855	25	5	20
Ilocano	5,350	2,310	3,040	165	75	85
Malagasy	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malay	1,460	615	845	130	60	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	765	370	390	10	5	5
Pangasinan	290	115	175	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	99,035	43,120	55,920	1,445	540	905
Waray-Waray	305	145	160	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	980	430	550	25	5	15
Creole languages	1,895	990	910	70	30	40
Haitian Creole	95	45	50	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	1,175	640	540	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	625	305	325	40	10	25
Dravidian languages	13,490	7,075	6,415	1,345	710	630
Kannada	535	270	265	55	30	25
Malayalam	6,345	3,285	3,060	825	420	400
Tamil	4,430	2,360	2,070	320	170	155
Telugu	2,130	1,135	995	140	90	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	105	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	442,685	220,330	222,355	44,840	21,375	23,465
Albanian	2,345	1,270	1,075	1,005	520	485
Armenian	500	250	245	90	50	45
Balto-Slavic languages	80,330	37,750	42,580	11,180	5,200	5,975
Baltic languages	1,010	475	535	215	85	130
Latvian	415	195	220	70	30	40
Lithuanian	600	285	315	145	55	85
Slavic languages	79,325	37,275	42,050	10,960	5,115	5,850
Belarusan	65	30	30	10	5	5
Bosnian	1,835	915	920	615	300	315
Bulgarian	1,545	790	755	75	35	40
Croatian	4,655	2,340	2,320	785	390	395
Czech	3,000	1,430	1,575	350	165	185
Macedonian	360	185	175	90	40	50
Polish	20,130	9,425	10,705	5,165	2,375	2,790
Russian	17,810	8,150	9,665	1,320	600	720
Serbian	4,020	2,035	1,985	805	415	390
Serbo-Croatian	970	480	485	330	160	170
Slovak	2,185	1,070	1,115	310	140	165
Slovene (Slovenian)	695	320	370	200	80	120
Ukrainian	21,835	9,985	11,850	875	400	470
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	215	120	100	35	15	20
Celtic languages	370	200	170	30	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	135	70	65	15	5	10
Welsh	175	85	80	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	25	0	0	0
Germanic languages	104,260	51,525	52,735	5,110	2,210	2,905
Afrikaans	3,010	1,475	1,535	60	30	30
Danish	2,380	1,245	1,135	170	85	85
Dutch	16,135	8,095	8,045	2,020	885	1,135
Frisian	360	200	160	40	20	20
German	80,050	39,435	40,615	2,560	1,070	1,485
Icelandic	115	55	60	10	0	5
Norwegian	815	370	445	25	10	15
Swedish	875	405	470	60	35	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	320	150	170	135	50	85
Yiddish	140	70	70	20	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	5	5	0
Greek	3,130	1,655	1,475	1,755	870	890
Indo-Iranian languages	166,805	85,250	81,560	8,645	4,475	4,175
Indo-Aryan languages	145,900	74,320	71,580	5,550	2,900	2,650
Bengali	7,000	3,630	3,370	450	230	230
Gujarati	13,140	6,785	6,355	700	375	325
Hindi	17,055	8,675	8,385	825	450	375
Kashmiri	105	60	50	0	0	0
Konkani	370	190	185	30	10	15
Marathi	1,510	775	730	80	50	35
Nepali	5,175	2,690	2,490	725	360	365
Oriya (Odia)	190	100	90	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	68,695	34,935	33,760	1,040	565	480
Sindhi	2,770	1,300	1,475	60	30	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,590	1,320	1,265	130	65	65
Urdu	27,295	13,865	13,430	1,505	775	730
Iranian languages	19,600	10,235	9,365	3,065	1,555	1,510
Kurdish	1,550	845	705	995	525	470
Pashto	2,560	1,320	1,235	180	90	90
Persian (Farsi)	15,490	8,070	7,425	1,890	945	950
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,310	695	615	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	84,940	42,425	42,515	17,020	8,045	8,975
Catalan	75	30	45	15	5	10
Italian	11,375	5,760	5,615	2,930	1,430	1,500
Portuguese	9,050	4,380	4,670	4,605	2,155	2,445
Romanian	8,035	4,080	3,955	810	370	440
Spanish	56,370	28,160	28,205	8,660	4,085	4,575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	10	5	0
Japanese	4,875	1,715	3,160	230	90	140
Kartvelian languages	230	130	105	0	0	0
Georgian	230	130	100	0	0	0
Korean	17,920	8,485	9,435	2,690	1,250	1,445
Mongolic languages	545	255	290	0	0	0
Mongolian	540	255	290	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15,360	7,870	7,495	655	315	340
Akan (Twi)	1,755	915	835	65	35	40
Bamanankan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Edo	275	155	120	5	0	5
Ewe	245	145	100	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	230	120	100	5	0	5
Ga	145	80	65	15	10	10
Ganda	280	145	135	20	10	15
Igbo	1,165	625	540	45	25	20
Lingala	270	130	140	20	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	605	305	295	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	805	405	400	35	15	20
Shona	1,100	545	555	40	15	20
Swahili	2,380	1,160	1,215	130	60	70
Wolof	280	165	110	5	5	0
Yoruba	2,435	1,305	1,125	65	35	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,370	1,640	1,735	150	65	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,720	1,395	1,330	195	85	105
Dinka	1,345	705	640	110	50	55
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,375	685	690	90	35	50
Sign languages	830	440	390	160	90	75
American Sign Language	335	165	165	95	55	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	495	275	225	70	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,450	57,740	64,705	8,725	4,080	4,645
Chinese languages	120,375	56,675	63,700	8,475	3,955	4,520
Cantonese	59,145	27,755	31,385	1,965	930	1,035
Hakka	990	465	530	20	15	10
Mandarin	50,660	23,940	26,720	5,825	2,695	3,130
Min Dong	115	50	65	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,060	1,375	1,695	125	50	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	630	305	330	100	40	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,725	2,770	2,955	435	225	210
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,075	1,065	1,005	245	125	125
Burmese	430	230	200	30	15	10
Karenic languages	795	415	380	195	95	100
Tibetan	575	295	275	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	275	130	140	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages	2,670	955	1,710	190	80	110
Lao	1,020	485	535	120	55	60
Thai	1,630	465	1,165	65	25	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	4,050	2,250	1,800	440	245	195
Azerbaijani	365	215	155	45	25	20
Turkish	3,140	1,760	1,375	330	180	150
Uyghur	130	70	60	25	20	10
Uzbek	205	115	90	10	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	215	95	120	25	20	10
Uralic languages	7,470	3,600	3,870	1,190	540	645
Estonian	190	90	105	40	15	25
Finnish	810	330	480	95	40	60
Hungarian	6,470	3,185	3,285	1,055	490	565
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	690	415	280	60	25	35
Multiple responses	92,070	44,900	47,175	7,565	3,725	3,845
English and French	10,230	4,950	5,280	1,035	465	570
English and non-official language	77,520	37,815	39,705	6,050	3,025	3,025
French and non-official language	2,685	1,375	1,305	240	120	120
English, French and non-official language	1,640	760	880	240	115	130
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145	379,435	183,835	195,605
Single responses	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385	362,745	175,735	187,015
Official languages	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395	323,770	157,160	166,610
English	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895	322,205	156,440	165,760
French	27,630	14,130	13,500	1,570	720	850
Non-official languages	482,725	237,740	244,990	38,975	18,575	20,405
Aboriginal languages	9,970	4,940	5,020	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	7,175	3,575	3,605	5	5	5
Blackfoot	1,110	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,875	2,925	2,945	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	125	60	60	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	600	300	295	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,120	2,540	2,575	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	190	95	95	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	185	90	95	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	620	320	300	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	620	325	300	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	10	5	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	540	280	260	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	60	35	30	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	55	30	25	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	10	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	5	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,125	1,025	1,095	0	0	0
Dakota	175	85	85	0	0	0
Stoney	1,945	935	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	15	10	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	472,760	232,800	239,965	38,950	18,560	20,385
Afro-Asiatic languages	43,770	22,535	21,235	7,345	3,615	3,735
Berber languages	200	105	95	5	5	0
Kabyle	90	45	40	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	105	60	45	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	9,220	4,750	4,470	120	50	75
Bilen	280	160	115	0	0	0
Oromo	2,075	1,060	1,015	5	0	0
Somali	6,850	3,520	3,325	120	50	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	34,310	17,660	16,655	7,210	3,555	3,660
Amharic	4,915	2,390	2,530	115	60	60
Arabic	24,230	12,555	11,675	6,120	3,010	3,115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	260	130	130	660	320	335
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	95	50	40	120	60	55
Harari	165	80	85	0	0	0
Hebrew	460	235	225	55	35	20
Maltese	15	10	10	15	10	10
Tigrigna	3,955	2,095	1,860	100	50	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	210	110	100	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	16,355	7,635	8,715	1,535	700	835
Khmer (Cambodian)	960	460	500	445	205	245
Vietnamese	15,380	7,175	8,205	1,090	495	590
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60,860	28,765	32,100	715	310	405
Bikol	70	40	35	0	0	0
Cebuano	2,110	1,015	1,090	15	5	15
Fijian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	470	215	255	5	0	0
Ilocano	1,975	935	1,035	60	30	30
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	405	205	195	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	220	110	110	5	0	0
Pangasinan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55,105	26,005	29,100	590	255	340
Waray-Waray	125	60	60	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	280	120	155	5	0	0
Creole languages	970	495	475	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	50	25	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	655	345	310	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	270	125	140	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	8,460	4,335	4,125	700	375	325
Kannada	210	105	105	15	10	5
Malayalam	4,060	2,070	1,990	475	250	230
Tamil	2,915	1,515	1,395	145	75	65
Telugu	1,245	635	615	60	35	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	230,270	115,280	114,995	19,575	9,320	10,260
Albanian	1,060	570	485	465	225	240
Armenian	215	115	105	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	30,220	14,820	15,400	4,845	2,335	2,505
Baltic languages	410	210	200	40	15	25
Latvian	165	85	80	10	5	5
Lithuanian	250	125	120	30	10	20
Slavic languages	29,815	14,610	15,205	4,805	2,325	2,485
Belarusan	15	10	5	10	5	5
Bosnian	785	400	385	300	150	150
Bulgarian	825	415	405	40	20	20
Croatian	1,800	905	895	290	145	145
Czech	875	440	430	100	55	55
Macedonian	175	90	85	35	15	20
Polish	7,705	3,675	4,030	2,405	1,140	1,265
Russian	10,145	4,965	5,175	710	345	360
Serbian	2,100	1,045	1,055	395	210	180
Serbo-Croatian	315	160	155	140	65	75
Slovak	710	345	365	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	150	70	75	35	15	20
Ukrainian	4,180	2,060	2,110	255	120	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	10	5	5
Celtic languages	40	25	15	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	5	10	5	0
Welsh	15	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	40,915	20,280	20,625	395	185	210
Afrikaans	1,705	835	875	20	10	15
Danish	150	75	75	15	5	5
Dutch	1,980	985	1,000	95	50	45
Frisian	60	30	30	0	0	0
German	36,295	18,010	18,290	245	110	135
Icelandic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Swedish	145	65	80	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	60	30	25	10	0	5
Yiddish	15	5	5	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	425	215	210	0	0	0
Greek	1,015	490	525	715	340	380
Indo-Iranian languages	111,975	56,535	55,445	5,080	2,535	2,550
Indo-Aryan languages	98,610	49,790	48,815	3,175	1,595	1,585
Bengali	4,530	2,300	2,225	255	130	125
Gujarati	8,025	4,085	3,935	350	175	180
Hindi	9,945	5,115	4,825	410	215	195
Kashmiri	50	20	25	0	0	0
Konkani	75	40	40	10	5	5
Marathi	845	440	405	40	20	15
Nepali	3,710	1,905	1,805	660	320	340
Oriya (Odia)	95	50	45	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	51,010	25,720	25,295	530	270	255
Sindhi	1,240	575	665	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,480	750	730	70	35	30
Urdu	17,600	8,795	8,810	840	415	425
Iranian languages	12,720	6,415	6,305	1,895	935	955
Kurdish	850	440	410	600	305	300
Pashto	1,640	845	795	105	50	55
Persian (Farsi)	10,230	5,135	5,100	1,180	580	600
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	650	325	325	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	44,830	22,445	22,385	8,040	3,680	4,355
Catalan	35	10	20	10	5	5
Italian	2,840	1,275	1,560	730	315	415
Portuguese	3,905	1,875	2,030	1,790	820	970
Romanian	4,135	2,115	2,020	320	155	170
Spanish	33,910	17,160	16,755	5,185	2,385	2,800
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Japanese	2,245	945	1,300	90	45	45
Kartvelian languages	160	85	70	0	0	0
Georgian	160	85	70	0	0	0
Korean	12,775	6,205	6,570	2,020	925	1,090
Mongolic languages	335	160	175	0	0	0
Mongolian	335	155	175	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5,600	2,725	2,875	170	70	105
Akan (Twi)	845	415	430	10	5	10
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ewe	80	45	35	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	105	55	45	0	0	0
Ga	40	20	20	5	5	0
Ganda	95	50	50	5	0	0
Igbo	265	125	145	10	5	10
Lingala	85	35	45	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	280	135	145	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	350	175	170	10	5	5
Shona	410	190	225	5	5	0
Swahili	1,090	530	565	55	20	35
Wolof	170	95	75	0	0	0
Yoruba	690	340	350	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,015	485	535	40	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,525	765	755	70	35	35
Dinka	800	420	380	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	725	350	375	35	20	20
Sign languages	1,095	630	465	185	100	85
American Sign Language	325	170	155	100	55	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	765	455	310	85	45	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	82,380	39,230	43,155	5,925	2,770	3,160
Chinese languages	80,880	38,455	42,420	5,765	2,690	3,075
Cantonese	38,275	17,810	20,460	1,135	520	610
Hakka	315	135	185	5	0	5
Mandarin	37,125	18,030	19,095	4,230	1,960	2,270
Min Dong	20	5	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,245	540	705	50	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	340	175	165	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,550	1,760	1,785	290	160	135
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	1,500	770	730	160	80	80
Burmese	280	145	130	15	5	5
Karenic languages	665	340	320	140	65	70
Tibetan	420	220	200	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	140	65	75	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	1,130	505	625	65	30	35
Lao	465	215	245	40	20	20
Thai	655	285	370	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	2,390	1,270	1,120	225	115	110
Azerbaijani	155	90	75	15	5	5
Turkish	1,945	1,030	915	165	80	85
Uyghur	80	45	40	20	10	5
Uzbek	135	70	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	25	20	15	10
Uralic languages	2,130	1,040	1,085	310	150	160
Estonian	25	10	15	5	5	0
Finnish	105	50	50	5	0	5
Hungarian	1,995	980	1,015	300	145	155
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	240	140	95	10	5	0
Multiple responses	189,040	92,280	96,760	16,685	8,100	8,590
English and French	6,885	3,410	3,475	700	315	380
English and non-official language	178,070	86,895	91,170	15,510	7,570	7,940
French and non-official language	1,125	540	580	85	35	55
English, French and non-official language	2,965	1,430	1,530	395	180	210
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140	379,435	183,835	195,600
None	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055	331,785	161,040	170,750
English	221,305	110,655	110,650	17,425	8,500	8,920
French	41,840	19,470	22,375	4,350	1,765	2,585
Non-official language	262,255	125,640	136,615	24,985	12,105	12,885
Aboriginal	17,430	8,325	9,105	210	85	130
Non-Aboriginal	244,825	117,315	127,510	24,775	12,020	12,755
English and French	1,535	775	760	190	80	105
English and non-official language	4,545	2,345	2,195	275	150	130
French and non-official language	2,795	1,340	1,455	415	190	225
English, French and non-official language	85	50	40	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360	316,310	151,795	164,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190	302,895	145,275	157,620
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,717	54,891	33,213	32,599	37,171	29,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715	302,955	145,285	157,670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,067	47,131	30,478	29,847	33,490	26,981
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030	266,180	129,710	136,470
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,330	54,528	32,099	31,794	37,224	27,119
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855	226,435	101,370	125,065
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,093	3,834	4,185	4,893	2,432	6,249
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030	218,330	110,850	107,480
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,679	54,361	32,982	32,141	35,864	29,087
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,315	151,785	164,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455	302,850	145,205	157,650
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	62,778	80,001	45,535	43,663	49,691	38,110
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995	302,920	145,210	157,710
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,683	62,938	38,417	36,680	40,932	32,766
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465	266,335	129,795	136,545
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	62,997	80,282	44,766	43,227	50,266	36,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240	226,850	101,750	125,105
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,175	7,298	7,093	7,539	6,793	8,147
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855	218,330	110,710	107,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,343	74,073	43,031	42,102	47,369	36,683
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240	316,310	151,785	164,525
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,152,385	669,770	482,615	103,075	55,725	47,345
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	64,090	73,781	53,836	51,181	55,084	47,628
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	81,586	94,822	63,218	60,918	66,188	54,715
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	93.3	95.8	89.1	87.1	90.6	82.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	78.9	72.3	69.7	73.2	65.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	6.7	4.2	10.9	12.9	9.4	17.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360	316,310	151,795	164,520
Without total income	152,585	74,410	78,170	13,420	6,515	6,900
With total income	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190	302,895	145,275	157,615
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.4	95.1	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	389,580	146,450	243,130	45,880	21,520	24,360
$10,000 to $19,999	385,235	147,125	238,110	53,580	22,255	31,325
$20,000 to $29,999	364,915	142,810	222,105	42,620	17,775	24,850
$30,000 to $39,999	305,680	131,185	174,490	34,945	15,545	19,400
$40,000 to $49,999	286,615	133,715	152,900	32,230	15,165	17,065
$50,000 to $59,999	247,830	124,720	123,115	23,950	12,205	11,740
$60,000 to $69,999	205,840	114,405	91,430	18,120	9,920	8,200
$70,000 to $79,999	165,640	99,645	65,995	12,875	7,155	5,715
$80,000 to $89,999	132,720	82,700	50,020	9,520	5,385	4,135
$90,000 to $99,999	114,010	70,655	43,350	8,805	4,675	4,130
$100,000 and over	455,410	334,865	120,550	20,370	13,675	6,695
$100,000 to $149,999	274,185	191,710	82,475	13,740	8,920	4,820
$150,000 and over	181,225	143,150	38,075	6,630	4,755	1,875
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365	316,315	151,795	164,515
Without after-tax income	151,915	74,270	77,645	13,355	6,515	6,845
With after-tax income	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715	302,955	145,280	157,675
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.2	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	399,005	149,280	249,725	47,025	21,770	25,260
$10,000 to $19,999	402,780	154,330	248,450	55,960	23,315	32,645
$20,000 to $29,999	420,955	166,650	254,300	49,195	20,935	28,255
$30,000 to $39,999	377,590	169,665	207,925	42,650	19,455	23,190
$40,000 to $49,999	347,960	172,595	175,365	35,335	17,415	17,915
$50,000 to $59,999	276,970	153,985	122,985	24,015	13,025	10,990
$60,000 to $69,999	208,265	127,045	81,220	15,700	8,875	6,825
$70,000 to $79,999	160,580	100,970	59,610	12,330	6,730	5,605
$80,000 and over	460,030	333,895	126,140	20,735	13,755	6,985
$80,000 to $89,999	121,015	78,400	42,620	6,965	4,215	2,755
$90,000 to $99,999	82,020	57,375	24,645	4,160	2,760	1,395
$100,000 and over	257,000	198,120	58,875	9,615	6,775	2,835
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360	316,310	151,795	164,515
Without employment income	732,385	301,060	431,330	97,985	40,945	57,040
With employment income	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035	218,330	110,850	107,480
Percentage with employment income	77.2	81.2	73.1	69.0	73.0	65.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	273,835	122,830	151,005	31,640	15,860	15,780
$5,000 to $9,999	164,095	68,100	95,990	18,490	8,445	10,040
$10,000 to $19,999	274,105	113,680	160,430	29,830	13,685	16,140
$20,000 to $29,999	235,620	96,855	138,760	24,215	11,305	12,910
$30,000 to $39,999	227,450	100,650	126,805	22,830	10,425	12,405
$40,000 to $49,999	219,155	103,680	115,475	22,240	10,710	11,535
$50,000 to $59,999	195,145	99,285	95,860	16,860	8,905	7,950
$60,000 to $69,999	163,465	92,950	70,515	12,915	7,195	5,720
$70,000 to $79,999	135,150	83,240	51,910	9,435	5,395	4,045
$80,000 and over	585,640	420,365	165,280	29,880	18,920	10,960
$80,000 to $89,999	111,045	71,210	39,835	7,520	4,220	3,295
$90,000 to $99,999	99,785	62,305	37,480	7,370	3,970	3,400
$100,000 and over	374,815	286,855	87,960	14,995	10,735	4,260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,835	...	...	62,011	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,300	...	...	55,255	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	366,080	...	...	52,195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,948	...	...	34,426	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,502	...	...	31,196	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,161,600	...	...	110,950	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,435	...	...	80,366	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,830	...	...	71,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	125,522	...	...	81,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	101,361	...	...	68,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	365,000	...	...	52,155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	64,341	...	...	43,976	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,116	...	...	37,097	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,162,675	...	...	110,985	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	144,729	...	...	98,479	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,821	...	...	82,681	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
Under $5,000	21,660	...	...	3,760	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	13,555	...	...	3,270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	18,070	...	...	5,685	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	33,045	...	...	7,085	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	51,505	...	...	7,890	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	38,615	...	...	7,335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	42,580	...	...	7,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	46,630	...	...	7,735	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,520	...	...	7,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	46,825	...	...	7,505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95,425	...	...	13,655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95,340	...	...	12,030	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	92,345	...	...	10,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	88,775	...	...	9,270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	84,570	...	...	8,395	...	...
$100,000 and over	712,215	...	...	43,705	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	184,595	...	...	15,260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	142,910	...	...	9,890	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	181,960	...	...	10,320	...	...
$200,000 and over	202,745	...	...	8,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
Under $5,000	23,395	...	...	3,890	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	13,860	...	...	3,310	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	18,600	...	...	5,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	34,540	...	...	7,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55,010	...	...	8,875	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	44,170	...	...	8,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50,280	...	...	8,760	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55,645	...	...	9,135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	57,695	...	...	9,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	59,195	...	...	8,655	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	119,200	...	...	15,415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	116,250	...	...	13,295	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	112,675	...	...	11,795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	106,235	...	...	9,935	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95,600	...	...	7,850	...	...
$100,000 and over	565,335	...	...	31,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	192,795	...	...	13,790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	132,240	...	...	7,780	...	...
$150,000 and over	240,305	...	...	10,140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,099,900	...	...	103,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,997	...	...	82,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,588	...	...	72,739	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	407,300	...	...	39,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,283	...	...	78,959	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,043	...	...	69,621	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	511,375	...	...	43,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,186	...	...	106,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,951	...	...	91,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	146,045	...	...	18,845	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,909	...	...	47,671	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,079	...	...	44,948	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,101,485	...	...	103,940	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	144,493	...	...	100,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,343	...	...	84,210	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	408,625	...	...	39,110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	137,805	...	...	95,368	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,236	...	...	79,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	512,615	...	...	43,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	169,354	...	...	125,270	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,623	...	...	103,802	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	145,115	...	...	18,775	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,406	...	...	57,544	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,470	...	...	51,022	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	577,475	308,835	268,640	71,430	33,610	37,825
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	42,598	47,903	37,344	28,925	28,276	29,491
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	37,648	41,340	33,785	26,809	26,096	27,342
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	573,385	306,195	267,190	71,290	33,895	37,390
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	56,856	63,468	49,280	38,872	39,876	37,962
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	46,559	50,990	41,481	33,084	33,393	32,804
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650	378,040	183,295	194,750
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,527,695	739,210	788,485	204,490	97,145	107,340
In the bottom decile	293,490	143,880	149,605	52,090	25,315	26,780
In the second decile	278,635	128,055	150,575	41,090	18,580	22,510
In the third decile	297,695	142,090	155,605	37,850	17,815	20,035
In the fourth decile	315,570	154,815	160,760	37,205	17,835	19,365
In the fifth decile	342,305	170,375	171,935	36,260	17,600	18,660
In the top half of the distribution	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160	173,550	86,145	87,405
In the sixth decile	366,250	183,860	182,390	35,820	17,505	18,320
In the seventh decile	397,275	201,465	195,810	35,500	17,465	18,035
In the eighth decile	443,585	227,385	216,200	35,845	17,870	17,970
In the ninth decile	522,545	268,995	253,555	34,670	17,240	17,430
In the top decile	720,795	377,585	343,215	31,715	16,070	15,640
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485	378,040	183,295	194,745
0 to 17 years	893,255	458,330	434,925	74,290	37,945	36,345
0 to 5 years	310,080	158,825	151,260	24,310	12,520	11,785
18 to 64 years	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295	243,980	118,780	125,195
65 years and over	451,235	214,965	236,265	59,770	26,570	33,205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	363,890	171,945	191,940	71,030	33,265	37,765
0 to 17 years	114,215	58,665	55,555	18,490	9,425	9,070
0 to 5 years	41,755	21,350	20,400	6,535	3,360	3,175
18 to 64 years	210,870	98,415	112,455	45,365	21,285	24,075
65 years and over	38,800	14,875	23,925	7,170	2,550	4,620
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.7	9.8	18.8	18.1	19.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.8	12.8	24.9	24.8	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.5	13.4	13.5	26.9	26.8	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	7.6	8.8	18.6	17.9	19.2
65 years and over (%)	8.6	6.9	10.1	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	273,515	134,180	139,335	43,860	21,640	22,220
0 to 17 years	76,930	39,385	37,550	9,905	5,075	4,835
0 to 5 years	28,190	14,420	13,770	3,640	1,875	1,765
18 to 64 years	181,805	88,715	93,095	32,390	15,920	16,465
65 years and over	14,780	6,085	8,695	1,565	645	920
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	6.8	7.1	11.6	11.8	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	13.3	13.4	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	9.1	9.1	15.0	15.0	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.8	7.3	13.3	13.4	13.2
65 years and over (%)	3.3	2.8	3.7	2.6	2.4	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645	378,040	183,295	194,750
Official languages	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095	371,950	180,845	191,105
English	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005	371,650	180,695	190,960
French	264,600	123,940	140,660	27,820	11,845	15,975
Non-official languages	1,082,425	527,770	554,655	97,285	46,925	50,365
Aboriginal languages	36,465	17,415	19,045	295	90	200
Algonquian languages	29,675	14,120	15,555	145	50	100
Blackfoot	5,575	2,665	2,905	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	23,465	11,155	12,310	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	25	0	15	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	90	20	70	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,580	620	965	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	45	25	25	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20,665	9,990	10,675	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	955	425	530	125	45	85
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	925	415	505	125	40	90
Oji-Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	2,640	1,255	1,385	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	2,630	1,250	1,380	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beaver	85	50	35	0	0	0
Carrier	45	10	35	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dene	2,010	975	1,035	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	75	30	45	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	285	140	145	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	25	15	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	190	90	100	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	75	35	45	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	135	50	80	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	60	20	35	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	40	25	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	40	25	10	135	40	95
Cayuga	0	10	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	35	25	0	10	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	110	35	80
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	10	15	0	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	145	75	70	10	0	0
Salish languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,050	2,005	2,045	0	0	0
Dakota	530	285	245	0	0	0
Stoney	3,650	1,790	1,855	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,046,245	510,495	535,750	96,995	46,830	50,165
Afro-Asiatic languages	96,210	50,675	45,535	16,875	8,685	8,190
Berber languages	540	335	205	15	10	0
Kabyle	225	125	90	10	0	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	315	210	110	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	15,445	8,055	7,385	415	185	235
Bilen	370	235	135	0	0	0
Oromo	3,125	1,625	1,500	15	10	10
Somali	12,030	6,240	5,795	395	170	230
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	55	20	40	10	10	0
Semitic languages	82,200	43,405	38,800	16,435	8,490	7,940
Amharic	10,870	5,595	5,275	415	210	200
Arabic	62,730	33,365	29,370	14,400	7,440	6,960
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	430	225	210	1,360	680	680
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	150	70	75	250	135	115
Harari	340	150	185	0	0	0
Hebrew	3,250	1,650	1,600	325	185	140
Maltese	145	85	55	240	125	115
Tigrigna	7,315	3,915	3,400	410	200	215
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	450	250	205	95	60	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	375	225	145	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	32,730	15,440	17,290	3,340	1,540	1,800
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,700	1,375	1,330	1,140	555	585
Vietnamese	30,150	14,130	16,015	2,210	995	1,215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145,745	63,615	82,130	2,575	1,005	1,570
Bikol	330	150	180	20	0	15
Cebuano	6,690	2,940	3,750	130	35	90
Fijian	340	195	145	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	1,760	745	1,020	35	15	20
Ilocano	7,370	3,160	4,215	230	90	140
Malagasy	80	40	40	0	10	0
Malay	3,040	1,435	1,610	185	95	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,185	565	625	15	0	10
Pangasinan	445	190	250	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	138,440	60,115	78,325	2,260	850	1,405
Waray-Waray	420	170	245	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	505	650	45	20	25
Creole languages	4,585	2,390	2,195	215	110	110
Haitian Creole	255	140	115	30	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	2,675	1,425	1,250	80	35	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,680	840	850	110	55	50
Dravidian languages	18,190	9,660	8,525	1,785	885	900
Kannada	1,035	520	515	165	85	80
Malayalam	8,150	4,255	3,900	1,025	485	535
Tamil	7,195	3,900	3,295	555	290	260
Telugu	2,910	1,560	1,345	205	110	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	150	80	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	115	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	550,490	274,510	275,980	57,520	27,650	29,870
Albanian	2,880	1,550	1,325	1,120	570	545
Armenian	530	255	275	145	60	85
Balto-Slavic languages	93,150	44,750	48,395	13,220	6,480	6,740
Baltic languages	1,360	660	705	255	110	145
Latvian	590	300	290	110	60	55
Lithuanian	775	360	415	145	55	90
Slavic languages	92,300	44,340	47,960	12,980	6,375	6,610
Belarusan	200	95	105	75	35	40
Bosnian	2,880	1,450	1,435	890	475	410
Bulgarian	1,795	945	850	90	35	50
Croatian	6,280	3,260	3,025	1,215	625	595
Czech	3,590	1,650	1,940	420	220	205
Macedonian	535	270	265	150	70	80
Polish	23,650	11,455	12,195	6,100	2,985	3,115
Russian	27,375	13,195	14,175	2,280	1,100	1,180
Serbian	5,355	2,630	2,730	1,340	695	645
Serbo-Croatian	1,095	550	540	450	210	250
Slovak	2,780	1,495	1,285	365	185	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	735	360	375	230	100	135
Ukrainian	26,600	11,980	14,620	1,020	445	580
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	250	120	130	30	10	15
Celtic languages	1,180	615	560	120	55	65
Scottish Gaelic	440	215	225	55	20	30
Welsh	315	180	130	25	0	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	450	220	225	45	35	10
Germanic languages	112,670	56,325	56,345	7,095	3,280	3,810
Afrikaans	5,165	2,655	2,515	175	85	90
Danish	2,800	1,360	1,440	245	110	135
Dutch	19,480	9,595	9,890	2,255	905	1,350
Frisian	475	275	205	55	30	30
German	83,010	41,905	41,105	4,195	2,050	2,140
Icelandic	160	70	95	15	0	10
Norwegian	1,450	635	810	70	35	35
Swedish	1,635	800	835	170	85	85
Vlaams (Flemish)	380	170	215	100	55	45
Yiddish	250	130	115	30	25	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	2,115	1,095	1,015	10	10	0
Greek	4,935	2,535	2,400	2,540	1,310	1,230
Indo-Iranian languages	206,725	106,045	100,675	11,000	5,515	5,485
Indo-Aryan languages	186,005	95,045	90,960	7,775	3,955	3,830
Bengali	8,530	4,385	4,140	530	250	280
Gujarati	18,005	8,945	9,055	870	485	390
Hindi	61,290	31,900	29,385	3,025	1,615	1,415
Kashmiri	125	80	45	0	0	0
Konkani	625	300	320	10	10	10
Marathi	2,575	1,385	1,195	100	50	50
Nepali	5,510	3,000	2,510	860	425	435
Oriya (Odia)	255	135	120	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90,485	46,350	44,135	1,920	1,030	895
Sindhi	4,595	2,065	2,530	120	50	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,800	1,925	1,875	160	65	95
Urdu	41,235	21,245	20,000	2,450	1,210	1,240
Iranian languages	22,140	11,665	10,475	3,340	1,630	1,705
Kurdish	1,930	1,100	825	1,040	540	500
Pashto	3,330	1,795	1,530	280	145	130
Persian (Farsi)	17,600	9,220	8,375	2,195	1,040	1,160
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,760	960	805	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages	142,340	69,885	72,450	23,775	11,135	12,645
Catalan	170	95	80	15	0	10
Italian	19,900	9,875	10,020	4,470	2,170	2,300
Portuguese	12,670	6,255	6,415	5,875	2,795	3,080
Romanian	9,915	5,185	4,735	1,020	485	540
Spanish	104,445	50,960	53,490	13,155	6,020	7,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	250	130	125	35	15	15
Japanese	9,215	4,115	5,100	715	335	375
Kartvelian languages	225	130	100	10	0	0
Georgian	230	130	100	10	0	0
Korean	19,950	9,405	10,545	3,020	1,440	1,580
Mongolic languages	800	375	430	0	0	0
Mongolian	800	370	430	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	29,430	14,980	14,450	1,245	675	575
Akan (Twi)	2,925	1,505	1,420	155	75	80
Bamanankan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Edo	620	325	290	10	0	10
Ewe	335	170	165	0	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	300	165	135	10	0	10
Ga	345	190	155	20	0	20
Ganda	610	305	305	30	15	15
Igbo	2,550	1,345	1,210	60	40	25
Lingala	1,240	640	605	90	55	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	830	420	410	50	35	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,155	605	550	55	25	35
Shona	1,810	850	960	60	30	30
Swahili	6,700	3,470	3,235	340	165	175
Wolof	600	365	235	10	0	0
Yoruba	5,930	3,035	2,890	245	150	90
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,585	3,265	3,320	310	165	145
Nilo-Saharan languages	3,070	1,495	1,575	220	115	105
Dinka	1,655	825	825	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,425	675	750	185	95	90
Sign languages	5,910	2,350	3,555	830	320	505
American Sign Language	3,085	1,130	1,955	480	175	310
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,855	1,230	1,625	355	155	205
Sino-Tibetan languages	141,860	67,945	73,915	9,165	4,375	4,795
Chinese languages	139,385	66,700	72,685	8,940	4,255	4,685
Cantonese	74,770	35,490	39,280	2,405	1,120	1,280
Hakka	1,180	515	660	20	10	10
Mandarin	70,510	33,310	37,195	6,765	3,190	3,575
Min Dong	85	50	40	15	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,140	1,765	2,380	165	60	105
Wu (Shanghainese)	855	380	470	175	70	110
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,335	3,160	3,175	420	220	205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	2,590	1,290	1,300	230	120	110
Burmese	605	305	295	55	35	20
Karenic languages	805	415	390	125	65	65
Tibetan	860	430	430	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	445	215	235	45	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages	3,705	1,510	2,195	235	105	130
Lao	1,520	730	795	180	90	95
Thai	2,400	850	1,545	80	25	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5,795	3,180	2,625	670	365	305
Azerbaijani	630	325	300	110	55	55
Turkish	4,255	2,420	1,835	500	275	225
Uyghur	290	135	155	55	35	15
Uzbek	425	200	225	15	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	355	170	180	25	15	10
Uralic languages	8,895	4,315	4,575	1,425	685	745
Estonian	185	85	105	60	35	25
Finnish	1,045	455	590	90	50	40
Hungarian	7,660	3,770	3,890	1,280	600	675
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,820	1,025	790	85	45	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645	378,040	183,295	194,745
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600	351,685	170,420	181,265
Canadian citizens aged under 18	854,815	439,065	415,755	70,015	35,775	34,240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850	281,670	134,645	147,025
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	355,410	173,365	182,045	26,360	12,875	13,480
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650	378,040	183,295	194,745
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335	286,305	139,100	147,205
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	845,220	412,320	432,895	83,765	40,060	43,710
Before 1981	163,460	81,620	81,840	26,550	12,620	13,935
1981 to 1990	86,350	41,690	44,660	11,660	5,615	6,050
1991 to 2000	131,560	62,930	68,630	14,625	7,085	7,535
2001 to 2010	256,055	125,235	130,820	19,335	9,140	10,200
2001 to 2005	109,145	53,425	55,720	9,065	4,260	4,805
2006 to 2010	146,910	71,810	75,100	10,270	4,880	5,390
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	207,790	100,845	106,945	11,595	5,605	5,990
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	70,155	35,735	34,420	7,970	4,140	3,830
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	845,220	412,320	432,895	83,765	40,055	43,710
Under 5 years	82,175	42,200	39,975	10,260	5,165	5,095
5 to 14 years	149,815	77,820	71,995	17,280	8,885	8,395
15 to 24 years	168,965	78,215	90,755	17,720	7,960	9,765
25 to 44 years	372,805	180,265	192,535	32,605	15,295	17,310
45 years and over	71,450	33,820	37,630	5,900	2,755	3,145
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	845,215	412,325	432,895	83,770	40,055	43,710
Americas	103,540	49,345	54,190	14,380	6,630	7,745
Brazil	2,545	1,100	1,440	320	175	150
Colombia	9,535	4,570	4,960	3,345	1,505	1,840
El Salvador	7,255	3,725	3,530	1,605	755	855
Guyana	2,555	1,200	1,355	490	225	270
Haiti	1,270	675	600	105	50	55
Jamaica	6,845	3,170	3,680	1,115	570	545
Mexico	15,665	7,860	7,805	565	245	325
Peru	1,920	780	1,140	140	60	85
Trinidad and Tobago	3,415	1,670	1,750	610	285	325
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	30,460	13,675	16,785	3,590	1,560	2,030
Other places of birth in Americas	22,075	10,925	11,150	2,485	1,210	1,270
Europe	189,770	95,355	94,415	33,135	15,900	17,235
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,555	2,325	2,230	1,125	585	545
Croatia	3,080	1,615	1,465	835	425	410
France	2,535	1,215	1,320	270	130	135
Germany	19,205	9,485	9,715	1,965	970	995
Greece	2,005	1,115	890	1,115	565	545
Hungary	3,665	1,880	1,785	800	385	420
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	3,935	2,100	1,835	535	290	245
Italy	8,110	4,370	3,745	2,120	1,120	1,005
Netherlands	14,035	7,420	6,610	1,880	860	1,020
Poland	16,925	8,045	8,880	4,250	1,965	2,285
Portugal	4,050	1,985	2,070	3,365	1,665	1,695
Romania	7,725	3,930	3,795	925	450	470
Russian Federation	7,260	3,135	4,125	505	230	275
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	2,255	1,080	1,170	505	260	250
Ukraine	8,150	3,700	4,455	615	250	365
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	59,215	30,280	28,935	8,845	4,025	4,820
Other places of birth in Europe	23,060	11,670	11,390	3,490	1,725	1,760
Africa	89,740	46,705	43,030	5,245	2,635	2,615
Algeria	1,340	715	625	85	50	40
Egypt	5,320	2,940	2,375	1,070	570	500
Ethiopia	10,570	5,355	5,215	310	145	170
Kenya	5,120	2,555	2,565	280	130	150
Morocco	1,695	1,005	695	30	10	20
Nigeria	12,405	6,520	5,880	305	165	140
Somalia	7,060	3,665	3,395	225	115	115
South Africa, Republic of	7,355	3,670	3,685	450	245	205
Other places of birth in Africa	38,865	20,275	18,590	2,480	1,210	1,275
Asia	452,225	215,955	236,265	30,710	14,705	16,005
Afghanistan	5,190	2,765	2,430	605	300	305
Bangladesh	5,085	2,590	2,500	325	155	165
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	57,690	26,510	31,185	3,800	1,680	2,115
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	19,110	9,265	9,850	660	315	345
India	91,660	46,625	45,035	3,315	1,680	1,640
IranCensus data footnote 61	8,910	4,655	4,250	1,135	540	600
Iraq	5,935	3,205	2,730	2,740	1,375	1,360
Japan	3,065	905	2,160	185	65	125
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	13,850	6,530	7,320	2,065	980	1,080
Lebanon	10,395	5,640	4,750	1,745	910	840
Pakistan	28,075	14,630	13,445	1,530	770	765
Philippines	123,830	54,075	69,755	2,265	840	1,425
Sri Lanka	4,835	2,475	2,365	255	115	135
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	4,800	2,515	2,280	2,125	1,045	1,080
Taiwan	3,455	1,460	2,000	170	70	100
Viet Nam	27,080	12,645	14,435	1,635	725	910
Other places of birth in Asia	39,250	19,485	19,765	6,160	3,145	3,015
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	9,940	4,950	4,990	300	185	110
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	207,790	100,845	106,945	11,595	5,605	5,990
Americas	20,060	9,660	10,400	1,885	840	1,045
Brazil	860	370	490	40	20	20
Colombia	2,295	1,020	1,275	600	225	370
Cuba	465	215	255	65	30	35
Haiti	385	240	150	50	25	25
Jamaica	1,660	765	895	125	80	40
Mexico	4,405	2,250	2,150	95	35	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,645	2,130	2,515	475	235	240
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,570	745	820	75	30	45
Other places of birth in Americas	3,785	1,930	1,855	365	155	210
Europe	20,870	10,830	10,045	850	455	395
France	425	240	180	35	15	20
Germany	1,370	710	655	50	20	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,355	835	520	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	715	365	350	0	0	0
Romania	1,100	545	555	45	15	25
Russian Federation	1,235	430	805	70	25	45
Ukraine	2,340	1,060	1,280	80	35	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	6,225	3,570	2,650	230	155	75
Other places of birth in Europe	6,100	3,065	3,040	335	185	145
Africa	27,770	14,165	13,610	1,075	535	540
Algeria	255	115	135	15	10	10
Cameroon	1,055	515	545	60	30	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	805	365	440	70	40	30
Côte d'Ivoire	420	210	210	25	10	10
Egypt	1,940	1,045	895	295	155	145
Eritrea	2,390	1,335	1,055	70	50	20
Ethiopia	3,445	1,670	1,780	15	0	10
Morocco	515	265	250	10	0	10
Nigeria	6,110	3,200	2,910	75	35	35
Somalia	2,120	1,110	1,010	40	25	15
South Africa, Republic of	1,590	800	785	40	25	25
Tunisia	255	135	125	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	6,870	3,400	3,470	360	150	200
Asia	137,110	65,055	72,050	7,740	3,755	3,990
Afghanistan	810	435	375	125	60	60
Bangladesh	1,355	635	715	100	60	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	10,525	4,700	5,825	935	425	510
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	750	305	450	10	0	10
India	28,820	14,915	13,900	1,000	530	475
IranCensus data footnote 61	3,265	1,665	1,600	255	125	130
Iraq	2,010	1,045	960	915	440	475
Israel	480	250	230	20	10	10
Japan	665	195	475	50	25	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	3,840	1,710	2,125	395	205	190
Lebanon	1,470	755	710	195	90	100
Nepal	2,615	1,380	1,240	250	130	115
Pakistan	6,910	3,420	3,490	265	140	125
Philippines	59,390	26,960	32,435	540	205	335
Saudi Arabia	820	435	385	175	75	100
Sri Lanka	1,345	650	695	50	25	20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,340	1,705	1,630	1,235	625	615
Taiwan	505	165	340	15	10	10
Turkey	390	215	180	75	35	40
United Arab Emirates	810	430	375	170	105	60
Viet Nam	2,040	795	1,240	70	10	55
Other places of birth in Asia	4,965	2,285	2,680	915	430	485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,980	1,135	845	40	20	20
Australia	1,065	600	465	20	0	15
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	915	535	375	20	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650	378,040	183,295	194,745
First generationCensus data footnote 69	938,500	460,015	478,480	93,925	45,385	48,535
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	742,455	374,065	368,390	80,380	39,600	40,780
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775	203,735	98,310	105,430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	694,945	337,380	357,565	58,075	27,850	30,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	387,275	195,845	191,430	23,995	12,015	11,985
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	154,700	96,855	57,850	8,210	5,525	2,685
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	232,570	98,990	133,575	15,790	6,490	9,300
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	198,575	81,650	116,920	13,950	5,425	8,525
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	103,785	57,130	46,650	19,585	10,170	9,420
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	5,320	2,745	2,570	530	240	290
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650	378,040	183,295	194,745
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	258,640	125,445	133,195	9,725	4,435	5,290
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	253,460	123,115	130,340	9,395	4,280	5,110
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	136,585	65,755	70,835	7,065	3,150	3,915
Métis	114,370	56,170	58,200	2,250	1,075	1,175
Inuk (Inuit)	2,500	1,195	1,305	80	55	30
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	2,905	1,350	1,555	65	25	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	2,280	975	1,300	260	125	135
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450	368,320	178,855	189,460
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645	378,040	183,295	194,745
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	123,235	59,065	64,170	4,685	1,995	2,690
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475	373,350	181,300	192,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645	378,040	183,295	194,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	103,600	50,680	52,915	2,605	1,165	1,440
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	99,940	48,860	51,070	2,590	1,155	1,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	81,685	39,815	41,870	2,340	1,015	1,330
Métis single ancestry	17,515	8,690	8,820	225	125	100
Inuit single ancestry	735	355	380	25	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	3,665	1,820	1,845	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	3,490	1,725	1,765	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	105	55	50	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	50	35	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	200,215	97,055	103,160	11,515	5,275	6,235
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	189,830	92,295	97,530	11,390	5,225	6,170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	104,875	50,595	54,280	8,905	4,060	4,845
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	82,585	40,530	42,060	2,355	1,075	1,280
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,365	1,170	1,195	135	85	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	10,385	4,760	5,625	120	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,760	4,465	5,295	95	35	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	155	155	20	15	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	270	110	160	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	25	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570	363,920	176,855	187,065
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645	378,040	183,290	194,745
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	933,165	461,460	471,705	75,125	37,120	38,005
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	230,930	118,535	112,390	11,660	5,930	5,725
Chinese	158,200	77,035	81,165	10,435	4,925	5,505
Black	129,390	66,960	62,440	11,325	5,790	5,535
Filipino	166,195	74,770	91,425	3,510	1,480	2,030
Latin American	55,090	27,560	27,525	9,050	4,365	4,685
Arab	56,700	30,245	26,450	13,655	7,100	6,550
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	43,985	21,025	22,960	4,410	2,140	2,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	20,980	11,010	9,965	3,255	1,555	1,695
Korean	21,275	10,130	11,145	3,250	1,545	1,705
Japanese	12,165	5,495	6,670	635	285	345
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	9,900	4,700	5,205	1,695	895	800
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	28,360	13,985	14,375	2,265	1,105	1,160
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940	302,915	146,170	156,740
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645	378,040	183,295	194,745
North American Aboriginal origins	303,815	147,735	156,075	14,120	6,440	7,675
First Nations (North American Indian)	200,290	96,845	103,445	11,375	5,130	6,240
Inuit	3,900	1,915	1,985	185	120	65
Métis	113,735	55,590	58,150	2,695	1,245	1,445
Other North American origins	955,040	486,735	468,305	100,925	48,695	52,225
Acadian	5,545	2,970	2,570	425	200	225
American	72,355	35,480	36,875	4,705	2,290	2,415
Canadian	902,315	460,335	441,975	97,555	46,995	50,560
New Brunswicker	50	35	15	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	1,985	1,135	850	265	130	130
Nova Scotian	190	115	70	15	10	10
Ontarian	110	65	45	25	10	15
Québécois	1,380	750	630	70	30	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	415	210	205	10	0	10
European origins	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440	264,735	127,220	137,520
British Isles origins	1,581,265	787,205	794,060	179,560	85,780	93,780
Channel Islander	225	115	115	10	0	10
Cornish	210	90	115	25	15	10
English	899,440	444,010	455,440	107,380	50,765	56,610
Irish	596,750	288,710	308,040	75,010	34,795	40,215
Manx	945	450	495	110	80	30
Scottish	704,205	347,740	356,460	79,050	37,620	41,425
Welsh	80,455	38,715	41,740	7,385	3,500	3,885
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	90,865	44,055	46,815	12,865	5,900	6,965
French origins	411,560	201,160	210,395	36,155	16,665	19,490
Alsatian	200	120	80	45	10	30
Breton	60	25	35	0	0	0
Corsican	125	65	70	0	10	0
French	411,315	201,030	210,290	36,115	16,655	19,465
Western European origins (except French origins)	915,185	455,115	460,065	68,985	32,935	36,055
Austrian	39,530	19,225	20,305	1,985	1,005	980
Bavarian	110	60	55	15	20	0
Belgian	21,210	10,320	10,890	3,310	1,550	1,760
Dutch	195,720	97,735	97,990	23,700	11,405	12,295
Flemish	2,005	870	1,140	275	135	145
Frisian	685	380	305	65	25	40
German	712,955	353,755	359,195	43,700	20,885	22,815
Luxembourger	680	355	320	15	0	10
Swiss	24,310	11,905	12,410	1,485	635	850
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	830	390	440	30	25	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	329,990	159,695	170,295	8,030	3,710	4,315
Danish	60,380	29,240	31,135	2,215	1,100	1,115
Finnish	17,755	8,780	8,975	1,385	570	810
Icelandic	20,225	10,050	10,175	305	160	145
Norwegian	156,595	75,160	81,430	1,945	895	1,050
Swedish	97,840	46,445	51,385	2,115	935	1,180
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	13,515	7,005	6,505	610	260	345
Eastern European origins	685,270	336,430	348,845	39,760	19,310	20,455
Bulgarian	2,935	1,510	1,425	310	110	200
Byelorussian	2,200	1,165	1,035	505	250	250
Czech	20,865	10,405	10,460	1,520	760	760
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	10,055	4,800	5,255	430	220	210
Estonian	2,715	1,240	1,470	270	135	130
Hungarian	56,270	27,385	28,885	6,140	3,040	3,100
Latvian	3,245	1,585	1,660	395	185	215
Lithuanian	6,090	2,915	3,175	1,005	495	510
Moldovan	1,585	790	790	25	10	10
Polish	186,510	91,115	95,395	16,805	8,150	8,650
Romanian	34,230	16,520	17,710	2,545	1,215	1,330
Russian	107,800	51,840	55,960	4,575	2,185	2,385
Slovak	11,010	5,495	5,515	1,395	710	685
Ukrainian	369,090	181,600	187,490	10,055	4,840	5,215
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,910	1,015	895	120	60	55
Southern European origins	215,725	107,495	108,230	45,745	22,680	23,070
Albanian	2,935	1,555	1,385	1,195	600	590
Bosnian	3,870	1,985	1,890	1,100	600	495
Catalan	85	55	25	15	10	0
Croatian	14,220	7,535	6,690	2,350	1,220	1,130
Cypriot	160	90	70	130	50	85
Greek	15,025	7,790	7,235	4,820	2,385	2,435
Italian	101,265	50,975	50,285	18,950	9,400	9,555
Kosovar	420	210	210	190	105	85
Macedonian	1,015	485	535	430	210	220
Maltese	1,560	845	715	1,445	725	720
Montenegrin	290	185	105	75	35	40
Portuguese	22,385	11,395	10,985	9,915	4,950	4,970
Serbian	7,755	3,875	3,875	1,825	930	900
Sicilian	330	160	170	110	45	65
Slovenian	3,885	2,010	1,875	815	430	385
Spanish	48,055	22,225	25,835	4,765	2,175	2,585
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	5,120	2,495	2,625	905	430	480
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	245	120	125	45	30	20
Other European origins	22,805	11,700	11,105	1,920	955	965
Basque	425	210	215	35	15	20
Jewish	9,780	4,890	4,885	1,045	485	560
Roma (Gypsy)	465	220	245	50	20	30
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	995	505	490	80	55	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	11,255	5,940	5,310	715	385	330
Caribbean origins	36,120	18,050	18,070	6,775	3,455	3,325
Antiguan	455	265	190	20	10	15
Bahamian	310	180	130	145	80	70
Barbadian	2,065	980	1,080	600	345	255
Bermudan	210	120	90	60	25	35
Carib	135	45	85	15	10	10
Cuban	2,175	1,110	1,060	365	180	185
Dominican	930	530	395	160	70	90
Grenadian	595	300	295	175	80	85
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	2,235	1,210	1,025	210	125	90
Jamaican	17,325	8,540	8,785	3,620	1,855	1,765
Kittitian/Nevisian	95	65	30	10	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	460	225	240	15	15	0
St. Lucian	595	295	300	65	35	30
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	5,180	2,685	2,490	945	495	445
Vincentian/Grenadinian	535	215	325	55	30	25
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	2,670	1,275	1,395	480	205	275
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	2,305	1,110	1,200	240	125	115
Latin, Central and South American origins	78,405	39,030	39,375	11,355	5,495	5,865
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,980	965	1,015	320	160	165
Arawak	105	30	70	10	10	10
Argentinian	1,385	705	680	170	85	90
Belizean	445	250	190	40	25	15
Bolivian	590	305	285	20	0	15
Brazilian	3,030	1,330	1,700	340	175	160
Chilean	8,105	4,115	3,990	325	150	175
Colombian	12,585	6,060	6,525	4,200	1,970	2,230
Costa Rican	575	270	305	50	25	25
Ecuadorian	890	405	485	70	40	30
Guatemalan	2,395	1,270	1,120	335	180	155
Guyanese	3,095	1,545	1,555	830	385	445
Hispanic	1,785	905	885	300	130	170
Honduran	760	405	355	190	95	100
Maya	580	310	275	115	70	40
Mexican	22,475	11,430	11,045	1,175	550	625
Nicaraguan	1,675	825	855	515	270	250
Panamanian	320	150	170	35	25	10
Paraguayan	340	155	190	0	10	0
Peruvian	2,740	1,245	1,495	230	120	110
Salvadorean	8,810	4,545	4,270	1,945	960	985
Uruguayan	315	180	135	20	0	15
Venezuelan	4,690	2,295	2,390	290	130	160
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	3,430	1,735	1,695	445	240	210
African origins	136,510	70,620	65,885	10,120	5,265	4,855
Central and West African origins	33,170	17,430	15,735	1,470	745	725
Akan	130	80	50	0	0	0
Angolan	295	155	140	50	30	20
Ashanti	130	70	55	25	0	25
Beninese	200	90	105	0	0	0
Burkinabe	100	50	50	0	0	0
Cameroonian	2,040	1,010	1,035	100	45	55
Chadian	75	55	20	0	0	0
Congolese	4,095	2,100	1,990	215	110	105
Edo	555	320	235	0	0	0
Ewe	125	70	55	0	0	0
Gabonese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Gambian	110	60	50	10	0	0
Ghanaian	4,470	2,365	2,100	340	175	170
Guinean	455	235	215	15	10	0
Ibo	1,760	935	825	35	25	15
Ivorian	655	355	295	20	0	15
Liberian	1,040	495	540	105	45	60
Malian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Malinké	95	55	45	15	0	15
Nigerian	13,010	6,815	6,200	435	230	205
Peulh	105	70	35	0	0	0
Senegalese	575	370	205	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	740	395	345	10	0	10
Togolese	150	70	80	0	0	0
Wolof	70	45	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,990	1,600	1,385	105	50	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,865	985	875	75	45	30
North African origins	23,235	12,305	10,935	3,170	1,775	1,395
Algerian	1,620	805	815	90	45	45
Berber	685	415	270	30	15	15
Coptic	225	115	110	50	25	25
Dinka	565	320	250	85	30	50
Egyptian	8,525	4,515	4,010	1,700	940	755
Libyan	1,300	665	635	250	130	125
Maure	95	70	25	0	0	0
Moroccan	2,510	1,380	1,130	85	30	55
Sudanese	7,070	3,695	3,375	810	485	325
Tunisian	940	480	455	80	45	35
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	575	315	260	75	50	25
Southern and East African origins	56,560	29,285	27,275	3,145	1,540	1,600
Afrikaner	315	155	160	0	0	0
Amhara	450	240	215	30	0	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	700	395	310	50	25	20
Burundian	975	555	420	75	45	30
Djiboutian	170	90	75	50	25	30
Eritrean	7,960	4,250	3,715	570	300	270
Ethiopian	13,225	6,710	6,510	625	290	340
Harari	165	85	80	0	0	0
Kenyan	2,175	1,035	1,140	125	60	65
Malagasy	125	55	70	0	0	0
Mauritian	550	310	235	25	20	10
Oromo	1,355	765	595	25	0	20
Rwandan	1,420	745	675	90	25	60
Seychellois	35	25	10	10	10	0
Somali	14,100	7,315	6,790	600	280	320
South African	6,635	3,310	3,320	540	285	255
Tanzanian	1,030	525	505	20	10	10
Tigrian	700	380	320	20	10	15
Ugandan	1,155	645	510	110	55	60
Zambian	265	155	110	10	0	10
Zimbabwean	2,590	1,300	1,285	95	50	45
Zulu	295	135	160	20	10	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	3,875	2,010	1,870	250	115	140
Other African origins	26,150	12,995	13,155	2,490	1,285	1,200
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,525	1,220	1,305	380	200	180
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	23,960	11,950	12,010	2,115	1,090	1,020
Asian origins	756,335	370,390	385,945	56,220	27,395	28,830
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	97,355	51,035	46,315	20,605	10,430	10,175
Afghan	8,540	4,545	3,995	900	435	470
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	10,470	5,690	4,780	2,640	1,375	1,270
Armenian	1,780	865	910	295	125	165
Assyrian	560	300	255	1,080	555	520
Azerbaijani	615	280	335	75	30	40
Georgian	400	230	165	10	0	10
Hazara	365	190	170	10	10	10
Iranian	13,925	7,220	6,705	1,795	895	900
Iraqi	6,165	3,250	2,915	2,510	1,270	1,235
Israeli	1,565	830	740	155	90	65
Jordanian	1,325	670	655	625	330	285
Kazakh	565	260	310	25	15	10
Kurd	2,040	1,160	880	985	520	465
Kuwaiti	185	110	80	20	10	10
Kyrgyz	200	110	90	0	0	10
Lebanese	32,365	16,835	15,525	4,745	2,410	2,335
Palestinian	4,880	2,675	2,210	2,340	1,140	1,200
Pashtun	645	305	345	30	15	15
Saudi Arabian	390	205	180	310	170	135
Syrian	7,215	3,605	3,610	2,250	1,085	1,165
Tajik	265	160	105	40	25	15
Tatar	530	215	315	25	15	15
Turk	5,745	3,155	2,595	1,020	525	495
Turkmen	105	55	50	50	40	15
Uighur	270	125	140	50	35	20
Uzbek	485	225	260	40	20	15
Yemeni	930	440	485	75	30	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,445	1,305	1,140	975	535	445
South Asian origins	231,550	118,855	112,695	12,000	6,035	5,965
Bangladeshi	4,155	2,085	2,070	275	135	135
Bengali	1,660	870	790	220	90	125
Bhutanese	815	410	400	515	225	295
East Indian	174,510	89,140	85,370	8,190	4,160	4,030
Goan	495	265	225	65	35	30
Gujarati	855	445	410	0	0	10
Kashmiri	720	355	365	20	10	15
Nepali	4,600	2,490	2,110	415	225	190
Pakistani	29,265	15,075	14,190	1,765	895	865
Punjabi	15,645	8,230	7,420	300	160	140
Sinhalese	750	400	355	100	45	50
Sri Lankan	5,585	2,885	2,695	340	155	185
Tamil	1,050	565	485	120	60	60
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	4,845	2,500	2,335	595	285	310
East and Southeast Asian origins	431,135	202,400	228,735	24,090	11,155	12,935
Burmese	1,270	650	615	185	105	80
Cambodian (Khmer)	4,260	2,245	2,015	1,470	720	750
Chinese	188,280	90,735	97,545	12,040	5,570	6,470
Filipino	175,130	79,150	95,975	4,025	1,735	2,290
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	3,005	1,425	1,575	250	130	115
Japanese	16,595	7,510	9,085	805	365	440
Karen	740	390	345	105	55	55
Korean	22,410	10,655	11,755	3,310	1,570	1,740
Laotian	2,050	1,020	1,030	265	140	120
Malaysian	2,970	1,340	1,630	85	30	55
Mongolian	1,565	725	835	85	50	40
Singaporean	370	180	190	10	10	10
Taiwanese	1,995	855	1,140	115	55	60
Thai	2,735	980	1,750	195	100	95
Tibetan	965	500	465	20	10	10
Vietnamese	36,780	17,720	19,060	2,755	1,255	1,495
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	735	385	345	70	25	40
Other Asian origins	3,115	1,580	1,530	235	120	115
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	3,115	1,585	1,530	235	115	120
Oceania origins	15,500	7,825	7,680	600	285	315
Australian	7,785	3,975	3,810	355	190	170
New Zealander	2,905	1,535	1,370	155	50	105
Pacific Islands origins	5,150	2,510	2,635	90	45	45
Fijian	3,325	1,580	1,745	30	10	20
Hawaiian	425	190	235	0	0	10
Maori	640	325	320	25	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	205	105	95	0	0	0
Samoan	280	180	100	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	375	195	180	30	20	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
Owner	1,105,795	...	...	98,070	...	...
Renter	412,150	...	...	65,070	...	...
Band housing	9,730	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
Condominium	256,015	...	...	24,270	...	...
Not condominium	1,271,660	...	...	138,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
No bedrooms	5,440	...	...	610	...	...
1 bedroom	139,820	...	...	25,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	322,370	...	...	41,450	...	...
3 bedrooms	540,505	...	...	59,915	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	519,545	...	...	36,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	358,650	...	...	44,715	...	...
5 rooms	238,870	...	...	21,915	...	...
6 rooms	224,335	...	...	23,735	...	...
7 rooms	201,560	...	...	21,870	...	...
8 or more rooms	504,270	...	...	50,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,494,875	...	...	160,940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	32,805	...	...	2,200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,527,675	...	...	163,140	...	...
Suitable	1,458,550	...	...	155,860	...	...
Not suitable	69,125	...	...	7,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
1960 or before	177,780	...	...	40,425	...	...
1961 to 1980	439,505	...	...	51,235	...	...
1981 to 1990	193,360	...	...	24,285	...	...
1991 to 2000	216,410	...	...	17,875	...	...
2001 to 2005	157,420	...	...	9,865	...	...
2006 to 2010	180,645	...	...	11,070	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	162,560	...	...	8,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,440,440	...	...	153,670	...	...
Major repairs needed	87,240	...	...	9,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 household maintainer	873,125	...	...	98,905	...	...
2 household maintainers	605,830	...	...	60,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	48,725	...	...	3,660	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,527,680	...	...	163,140	...	...
15 to 24 years	53,955	...	...	8,465	...	...
25 to 34 years	281,820	...	...	26,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	307,930	...	...	25,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	310,435	...	...	31,615	...	...
55 to 64 years	288,480	...	...	30,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	169,505	...	...	21,995	...	...
75 to 84 years	86,970	...	...	12,960	...	...
85 years and over	28,585	...	...	5,035	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,479,270	...	...	162,885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,170,780	...	...	118,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	308,485	...	...	44,645	...	...
30% to less than 100%	268,795	...	...	38,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,075,465	...	...	97,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	65.2	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.1	...	...	14.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,481	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,531	...	...	1,222	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,104	...	...	259,884	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	449,790	...	...	296,853	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	410,225	...	...	65,065	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.4	...	...	11.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	36.0	...	...	46.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,243	...	...	875	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,279	...	...	941	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,315	151,790	164,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	540,665	284,020	256,640	51,845	25,750	26,100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	895,885	440,665	455,220	88,540	44,555	43,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,769,500	878,130	891,375	175,920	81,485	94,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	309,465	242,160	67,305	17,685	12,050	5,635
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	94,735	56,255	38,480	9,085	5,385	3,700
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	214,730	185,905	28,825	8,600	6,665	1,935
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	615,480	250,590	364,895	72,540	30,590	41,950
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	94,620	36,875	57,750	5,520	2,515	3,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	749,930	348,510	401,425	80,175	36,325	43,850
Bachelor's degree	530,085	235,610	294,470	50,415	21,490	28,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	39,955	18,075	21,880	5,500	2,295	3,205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	21,850	11,810	10,045	3,495	1,930	1,570
Master's degree	133,265	67,215	66,055	15,925	7,450	8,475
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	24,770	15,805	8,965	4,845	3,165	1,685
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795	203,910	98,170	105,740
No certificate, diploma or degree	244,755	136,085	108,675	20,305	10,770	9,535
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	569,435	283,290	286,145	49,690	26,360	23,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,443,635	711,655	731,975	133,915	61,035	72,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	238,220	189,180	49,035	11,815	7,995	3,820
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	69,415	42,445	26,970	6,275	3,725	2,550
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	168,805	146,740	22,065	5,540	4,270	1,270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	496,375	203,350	293,020	55,805	23,975	31,825
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	73,315	29,315	44,005	3,800	1,730	2,070
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	635,730	289,810	345,920	62,495	27,330	35,160
Bachelor's degree	448,235	197,045	251,195	38,580	16,095	22,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	32,095	14,155	17,940	4,145	1,625	2,520
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,855	9,505	9,350	2,835	1,415	1,420
Master's degree	116,975	57,230	59,740	13,065	5,805	7,260
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	19,570	11,875	7,695	3,865	2,390	1,480
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,315	151,785	164,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,436,545	724,680	711,865	140,390	70,305	70,090
Education	121,930	29,000	92,930	10,075	2,550	7,525
13. Education	121,930	29,000	92,930	10,075	2,550	7,525
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	49,660	20,960	28,705	7,195	3,375	3,820
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	9,130	6,305	2,820	1,380	1,085	295
50. Visual and performing arts	40,535	14,650	25,885	5,815	2,290	3,530
Humanities	69,305	27,480	41,830	11,680	4,700	6,985
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	6,790	1,620	5,170	880	215	665
23. English language and literature/letters	15,110	4,270	10,840	3,360	1,025	2,335
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20,660	7,275	13,390	2,405	955	1,450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	225	105	125	95	20	80
38. Philosophy and religious studies	4,890	2,750	2,140	1,000	545	450
39. Theology and religious vocations	11,435	6,560	4,865	1,110	650	455
54. History	8,600	4,560	4,045	2,085	1,160	920
55. French language and literature/letters	1,595	345	1,250	750	125	620
Social and behavioural sciences and law	159,735	51,705	108,030	24,795	8,160	16,640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,345	470	1,875	235	25	210
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	17,180	6,320	10,865	1,655	745	915
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	28,750	2,185	26,570	4,840	385	4,455
22. Legal professions and studies	29,000	9,355	19,645	3,635	1,115	2,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,190	605	1,580	430	130	300
42. Psychology	27,275	6,765	20,515	4,135	1,020	3,110
45. Social sciences	52,985	26,000	26,985	9,865	4,735	5,130
Business, management and public administration	361,530	133,045	228,485	33,125	13,655	19,470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	670	155	520	100	30	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	21,565	4,015	17,555	3,660	710	2,950
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	339,295	128,885	210,410	29,365	12,910	16,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	72,850	38,330	34,525	7,715	3,830	3,880
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25,850	10,955	14,895	3,800	1,735	2,065
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15,410	7,270	8,145	1,335	595	740
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	555	170	385	110	30	85
40. Physical sciences	26,130	17,875	8,255	2,110	1,365	745
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,900	2,055	2,845	355	110	250
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60,830	37,710	23,120	7,720	5,040	2,675
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	48,975	32,855	16,125	5,630	4,125	1,505
25. Library science	4,295	515	3,780	840	185	660
27. Mathematics and statistics	7,050	4,020	3,035	1,160	695	465
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	515	330	185	80	35	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	463,185	415,665	47,520	29,660	26,975	2,690
04. Architecture and related services	11,325	7,140	4,190	1,215	855	360
14. Engineering	110,345	89,275	21,070	6,995	5,680	1,310
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	84,800	72,145	12,655	6,795	6,195	595
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	60	10	50	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100,370	96,810	3,560	5,440	5,300	140
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	103,880	100,100	3,785	5,650	5,530	120
48. Precision production	52,400	50,195	2,205	3,575	3,415	155
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	44,270	27,245	17,025	2,440	1,500	945
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	28,440	17,860	10,580	1,670	1,025	645
03. Natural resources and conservation	15,830	9,390	6,445	770	475	300
Health and related fields	270,920	51,220	219,700	31,835	7,135	24,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	19,300	9,110	10,195	2,840	1,490	1,355
51. Health professions and related programs	245,265	38,460	206,810	27,715	4,940	22,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	6,350	3,650	2,695	1,275	710	570
Personal, protective and transportation services	95,140	45,720	49,415	9,660	4,565	5,090
12. Personal and culinary services	57,285	14,985	42,305	5,545	1,420	4,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	250	230	20	25	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	740	655	85	55	45	0
43. Security and protective services	16,985	11,590	5,400	2,745	1,895	845
49. Transportation and materials moving	19,880	18,270	1,610	1,290	1,175	115
Other	150	60	95	30	10	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	60	95	25	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795	203,910	98,170	105,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	814,190	419,370	394,820	69,995	37,135	32,865
Education	91,020	19,920	71,105	6,710	1,555	5,155
13. Education	91,025	19,920	71,100	6,710	1,555	5,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40,255	16,670	23,585	5,580	2,605	2,970
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	7,095	4,810	2,285	1,010	770	235
50. Visual and performing arts	33,155	11,860	21,300	4,570	1,835	2,735
Humanities	55,985	21,840	34,145	8,540	3,300	5,245
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,690	1,310	4,380	670	165	500
23. English language and literature/letters	12,345	3,425	8,920	2,485	685	1,795
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	17,320	6,020	11,300	1,670	645	1,020
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	200	95	100	80	20	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	3,930	2,205	1,725	800	430	370
39. Theology and religious vocations	8,500	4,960	3,545	755	445	315
54. History	6,855	3,565	3,285	1,570	840	725
55. French language and literature/letters	1,140	245	895	520	65	455
Social and behavioural sciences and law	135,545	42,855	92,685	19,445	6,260	13,190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	2,025	425	1,600	215	25	190
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	14,880	5,360	9,520	1,335	580	750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	23,730	1,770	21,960	3,775	315	3,460
22. Legal professions and studies	25,095	7,395	17,705	3,105	820	2,285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,790	530	1,255	355	105	250
42. Psychology	22,460	5,290	17,170	3,095	740	2,350
45. Social sciences	45,565	22,095	23,465	7,575	3,670	3,900
Business, management and public administration	301,995	110,825	191,170	25,710	10,285	15,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	560	135	420	85	25	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	18,035	3,130	14,910	2,960	525	2,430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	283,400	107,560	175,840	22,665	9,740	12,930
Physical and life sciences and technologies	58,120	29,655	28,465	5,795	2,755	3,045
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20,925	8,620	12,310	2,960	1,280	1,675
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	12,175	5,740	6,435	940	400	535
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	460	155	305	105	25	80
40. Physical sciences	20,785	13,645	7,140	1,560	970	585
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,775	1,500	2,270	240	75	170
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	53,975	33,590	20,385	6,525	4,275	2,250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	44,735	29,980	14,750	4,960	3,615	1,340
25. Library science	3,400	440	2,965	650	135	510
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,420	2,915	2,500	845	495	360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	420	255	165	75	30	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	376,875	335,210	41,670	22,210	19,980	2,230
04. Architecture and related services	9,335	5,630	3,710	1,035	735	300
14. Engineering	95,005	75,840	19,170	5,430	4,325	1,100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	69,300	58,610	10,690	5,255	4,755	500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	55	10	50	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80,455	77,430	3,020	3,825	3,730	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	81,470	78,290	3,180	4,100	4,005	95
48. Precision production	41,255	39,405	1,850	2,565	2,435	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35,820	21,060	14,760	1,900	1,115	780
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	21,990	12,970	9,025	1,300	760	535
03. Natural resources and conservation	13,825	8,090	5,740	605	360	240
Health and related fields	217,640	42,225	175,410	24,115	5,380	18,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15,955	7,530	8,425	2,135	1,110	1,030
51. Health professions and related programs	196,250	31,775	164,475	20,930	3,740	17,190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,435	2,925	2,505	1,050	530	515
Personal, protective and transportation services	76,300	37,755	38,540	7,345	3,505	3,840
12. Personal and culinary services	44,755	12,085	32,670	4,060	1,050	3,015
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	190	170	20	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	460	410	50	30	25	10
43. Security and protective services	14,100	9,595	4,505	2,225	1,500	720
49. Transportation and materials moving	16,795	15,490	1,305	1,005	910	95
Other	115	55	60	25	10	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	110	55	60	25	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,310	151,790	164,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,436,545	724,685	711,865	140,390	70,305	70,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,769,505	878,130	891,370	175,920	81,480	94,435
Location of study inside Canada	1,424,855	709,950	714,905	148,720	67,720	81,000
Same as province or territory of residence	1,064,560	530,135	534,430	140,325	63,785	76,540
Different than province or territory of residence	360,290	179,815	180,475	8,395	3,935	4,460
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	344,645	168,180	176,465	27,200	13,765	13,440
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	45,690	25,545	20,145	4,505	2,495	2,010
Philippines	68,760	26,480	42,280	1,095	355	745
India	41,560	21,025	20,535	2,225	1,185	1,035
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	28,630	16,255	12,370	2,870	1,650	1,225
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	18,850	8,805	10,050	1,670	720	950
France	2,150	1,275	875	160	95	70
Other	139,010	68,800	70,210	14,670	7,260	7,410
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795	203,910	98,170	105,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	814,190	419,375	394,820	69,995	37,135	32,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,443,630	711,655	731,980	133,910	61,035	72,880
Location of study inside Canada	1,150,780	572,180	578,595	113,610	51,340	62,265
Same as province or territory of residence	857,370	426,365	431,010	107,730	48,550	59,185
Different than province or territory of residence	293,410	145,820	147,590	5,875	2,795	3,080
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	292,850	139,470	153,380	20,305	9,690	10,615
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	34,655	18,640	16,015	3,300	1,745	1,560
Philippines	64,000	24,435	39,565	915	295	625
India	37,240	18,505	18,740	1,680	815	865
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	20,065	11,390	8,675	1,390	770	615
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	16,600	7,630	8,965	1,375	595	775
France	1,870	1,105	765	115	70	50
Other	118,425	57,770	60,655	11,530	5,405	6,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,310	151,790	164,525
In the labour force	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655	199,835	101,720	98,115
Employed	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745	184,020	93,240	90,780
Unemployed	206,835	123,925	82,910	15,815	8,485	7,335
Not in the labour force	903,105	364,525	538,580	116,475	50,065	66,415
Participation rate	71.8	77.3	66.4	63.2	67.0	59.6
Employment rate	65.4	69.5	61.2	58.2	61.4	55.2
Unemployment rate	9.0	10.0	7.8	7.9	8.3	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235	316,310	151,790	164,525
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	806,150	318,845	487,310	111,135	48,050	63,080
Worked	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930	205,175	103,735	101,445
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,193,860	698,530	495,330	105,275	57,215	48,055
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,206,035	585,430	620,595	99,905	46,520	53,385
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.1	41.7	42.9	43.3	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660	199,835	101,720	98,115
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	40,005	18,650	21,360	5,340	2,715	2,630
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300	194,490	99,005	95,490
Employee	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595	175,140	86,800	88,340
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	278,710	177,010	101,705	19,355	12,205	7,145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660	199,835	101,720	98,115
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	40,010	18,645	21,360	5,340	2,720	2,625
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300	194,490	99,005	95,485
0 Management occupations	261,505	167,260	94,245	18,520	10,950	7,575
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	353,965	95,685	258,280	28,575	8,690	19,885
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	175,025	136,240	38,795	11,955	9,370	2,585
3 Health occupations	150,415	28,130	122,290	16,850	3,930	12,920
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	228,325	74,105	154,220	26,245	8,795	17,450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50,170	19,960	30,210	5,655	2,645	3,005
6 Sales and service occupations	491,495	204,245	287,255	49,820	22,115	27,700
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	406,495	376,375	30,120	24,100	22,745	1,360
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	72,465	59,465	13,000	2,215	1,800	415
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	73,070	58,170	14,895	10,555	7,960	2,595
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660	199,835	101,720	98,115
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	40,005	18,650	21,360	5,340	2,720	2,630
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305	194,490	99,005	95,490
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	64,035	43,045	20,990	1,075	680	395
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	142,490	109,105	33,390	265	235	35
22 Utilities	21,940	15,345	6,595	975	735	240
23 Construction	236,370	201,640	34,730	11,730	10,530	1,205
31-33 Manufacturing	127,535	96,045	31,490	19,335	14,535	4,795
41 Wholesale trade	80,610	56,840	23,775	6,195	4,395	1,805
44-45 Retail trade	249,880	115,065	134,810	23,030	10,985	12,050
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	115,295	83,675	31,620	7,725	6,100	1,630
51 Information and cultural industries	33,045	18,625	14,420	3,660	1,915	1,740
52 Finance and insurance	69,225	25,230	43,995	11,405	4,730	6,670
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	41,520	23,075	18,450	3,640	1,960	1,675
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	167,800	94,565	73,240	12,920	7,180	5,740
55 Management of companies and enterprises	5,560	2,760	2,795	150	60	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	87,350	49,595	37,760	10,030	5,785	4,245
61 Educational services	147,270	44,160	103,110	19,355	7,090	12,265
62 Health care and social assistance	245,875	41,235	204,645	27,950	5,890	22,060
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	44,880	21,550	23,335	4,245	2,185	2,055
72 Accommodation and food services	153,790	62,220	91,570	15,000	6,460	8,535
81 Other services (except public administration)	105,865	50,455	55,405	8,300	3,590	4,710
91 Public administration	122,595	65,420	57,175	7,495	3,955	3,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745	184,020	93,240	90,780
Worked at home	162,465	77,935	84,530	11,315	5,660	5,665
Worked outside Canada	6,270	4,715	1,555	910	665	240
No fixed workplace address	307,065	236,995	70,070	19,295	14,010	5,285
Worked at usual place	1,620,310	794,720	825,595	152,500	72,910	79,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,620,310	794,720	825,595	152,500	72,910	79,590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,186,170	554,850	631,330	133,605	60,470	73,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	358,010	190,730	167,280	4,585	2,790	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	64,360	41,925	22,435	13,965	9,435	4,525
Commute to a different province or territory	11,770	7,210	4,560	345	210	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665	171,790	86,920	84,875
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,497,440	832,890	664,545	129,435	67,700	61,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	99,635	40,215	59,420	12,590	5,360	7,225
Public transit	194,560	88,325	106,235	15,825	6,565	9,260
Walked	85,805	38,030	47,775	10,230	4,935	5,295
Bicycle	21,925	14,685	7,240	2,115	1,545	575
Other method	28,015	17,560	10,455	1,595	805	785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665	171,795	86,920	84,875
Less than 15 minutes	519,085	237,105	281,980	51,190	23,765	27,425
15 to 29 minutes	706,940	377,165	329,780	78,305	38,520	39,780
30 to 44 minutes	422,070	243,905	178,165	26,430	14,760	11,670
45 to 59 minutes	148,620	86,485	62,135	7,185	4,095	3,090
60 minutes and over	130,665	87,060	43,605	8,690	5,780	2,910
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665	171,790	86,915	84,875
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	145,660	107,460	38,200	8,665	5,880	2,785
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	395,425	254,225	141,200	26,210	15,960	10,250
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	567,530	297,825	269,705	44,805	22,455	22,350
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	347,270	147,425	199,845	39,645	16,385	23,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	188,660	77,175	111,490	20,590	8,925	11,670
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	282,820	147,600	135,225	31,865	17,315	14,550
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090	211,990	107,225	104,765
Single responses	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360	210,030	106,385	103,645
Official languages	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610	208,615	105,610	103,000
English	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120	207,425	105,300	102,125
French	6,560	2,070	4,490	1,190	315	875
Non-official languages	21,055	11,305	9,750	1,420	775	645
Aboriginal languages	1,000	550	450	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	670	355	315	0	0	0
Blackfoot	75	50	30	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	565	295	270	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	535	280	255	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	60	35	25	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	255	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	15	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	140	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,050	10,755	9,300	1,420	775	645
Afro-Asiatic languages	940	575	360	185	130	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Bilen	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	840	530	305	180	130	50
Amharic	85	50	35	10	0	0
Arabic	610	415	195	165	125	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	15	35	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	15	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,305	515	790	95	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	1,290	505	780	70	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	850	420	430	10	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	785	405	380	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	35	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,280	4,855	3,425	490	245	245
Albanian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	690	335	355	110	40	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	695	335	360	110	35	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	220	135	85	50	20	35
Russian	275	120	160	45	20	25
Serbian	25	0	20	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	100	40	55	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,535	1,700	840	10	0	0
Afrikaans	30	10	20	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	145	80	65	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,160	1,455	700	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	165	135	30	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	3,215	1,870	1,350	55	35	20
Indo-Aryan languages	3,010	1,735	1,275	25	15	15
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	15	60	0	0	0
Hindi	210	110	100	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	40	20	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,480	1,510	970	10	10	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	155	50	100	0	0	0
Iranian languages	200	130	70	25	25	10
Kurdish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	15	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	175	105	70	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,780	920	860	305	165	145
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	15	10	10	0
Portuguese	140	70	70	65	40	25
Romanian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Spanish	1,560	800	760	230	115	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	195	75	125	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	785	350	435	120	65	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	230	120	115	45	20	30
American Sign Language	125	40	85	35	10	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	105	80	30	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,080	3,665	3,420	440	255	185
Chinese languages	7,035	3,635	3,400	435	250	185
Cantonese	4,545	2,340	2,205	120	75	45
Hakka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,170	1,125	1,045	295	170	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	275	155	125	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	125	60	65	15	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	130	60	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	35	45	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	45	25	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20,810	10,080	10,735	1,955	840	1,115
English and French	4,525	2,050	2,475	610	210	400
English and non-official language	15,935	7,860	8,075	1,320	620	700
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	295	140	155	30	10	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095	211,990	107,225	104,760
None	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620	203,720	103,610	100,115
English	13,805	6,540	7,270	1,440	560	875
French	23,920	11,380	12,545	2,355	820	1,535
Non-official language	57,640	30,700	26,935	4,280	2,165	2,110
Aboriginal	5,045	2,370	2,680	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	52,590	28,335	24,260	4,255	2,155	2,095
English and French	30	15	15	10	0	10
English and non-official language	215	105	110	15	0	20
French and non-official language	1,220	625	595	165	60	105
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920	374,005	181,330	192,675
Non-movers	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280	314,120	152,065	162,050
Movers	607,095	304,450	302,640	59,890	29,265	30,625
Non-migrants	394,230	199,640	194,590	39,455	19,450	20,005
Migrants	212,865	104,815	108,050	20,435	9,820	10,615
Internal migrants	166,390	82,335	84,055	14,520	6,870	7,650
Intraprovincial migrants	120,105	59,845	60,260	11,975	5,595	6,375
Interprovincial migrants	46,280	22,490	23,795	2,540	1,275	1,270
External migrants	46,475	22,480	23,995	5,915	2,950	2,970
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190	357,750	172,905	184,845
Non-movers	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070	204,850	98,565	106,290
Movers	1,662,055	834,935	827,120	152,900	74,335	78,555
Non-migrants	899,165	454,700	444,465	97,455	47,455	50,000
Migrants	762,890	380,235	382,655	55,440	26,880	28,560
Internal migrants	559,860	280,255	279,610	37,815	18,150	19,670
Intraprovincial migrants	333,775	165,900	167,875	32,320	15,525	16,795
Interprovincial migrants	226,090	114,355	111,730	5,495	2,625	2,870
External migrants	203,025	99,980	103,045	17,625	8,730	8,895