Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Whitby, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bruderheim, T Alberta [Census subdivision]			Whitby, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Whitby, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,308	...	...	128,377	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,155	...	...	122,022	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	622	...	...	44,195	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	502	...	...	43,529	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	183.8	...	...	875.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.12	...	...	146.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,310	690	620	128,380	62,530	65,845
0 to 14 years	260	135	130	25,535	13,120	12,415
0 to 4 years	90	55	40	7,210	3,700	3,515
5 to 9 years	90	45	50	9,005	4,630	4,375
10 to 14 years	80	40	40	9,320	4,790	4,525
15 to 64 years	910	480	435	86,315	42,095	44,220
15 to 19 years	80	45	35	9,120	4,645	4,480
20 to 24 years	80	30	45	8,305	4,310	3,995
25 to 29 years	90	55	40	6,405	3,220	3,180
30 to 34 years	110	55	55	7,215	3,460	3,750
35 to 39 years	85	50	35	8,595	3,905	4,690
40 to 44 years	85	40	40	9,960	4,755	5,205
45 to 49 years	90	50	35	10,255	4,905	5,355
50 to 54 years	95	55	45	10,870	5,355	5,515
55 to 59 years	110	55	60	8,870	4,305	4,570
60 to 64 years	90	45	40	6,715	3,225	3,490
65 years and over	135	70	60	16,530	7,315	9,215
65 to 69 years	70	40	30	5,710	2,620	3,090
70 to 74 years	20	10	10	3,890	1,870	2,015
75 to 79 years	25	10	10	2,720	1,200	1,520
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	2,060	890	1,170
85 years and over	5	5	0	2,150	735	1,420
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	1,410	530	875
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	585	180	405
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	150	25	120
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	19.6	21.0	19.9	21.0	18.9
15 to 64 years	69.5	69.6	70.2	67.2	67.3	67.2
65 years and over	10.3	10.1	9.7	12.9	11.7	14.0
85 years and over	0.4	0.7	0.0	1.7	1.2	2.2
Average age of the population	37.0	37.3	36.7	38.4	37.4	39.4
Median age of the population	36.3	37.1	35.4	39.5	38.4	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Single-detached house	430	...	...	30,390	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,195	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	55	...	...	9,935	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	1,260	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	5,530	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	2,285	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
1 person	110	...	...	7,645	...	...
2 persons	185	...	...	12,190	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	8,185	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	9,945	...	...
5 or more persons	55	...	...	5,560	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,305	...	...	126,785	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,045	555	490	102,840	49,410	53,430
Married or living common law	655	325	325	62,255	31,130	31,125
Married	505	255	250	55,220	27,610	27,605
Living common law	150	75	80	7,035	3,520	3,515
Not married and not living common law	390	225	165	40,590	18,285	22,305
Never married	260	160	100	27,785	14,475	13,310
Separated	30	15	10	2,940	1,165	1,785
Divorced	70	40	30	5,210	1,730	3,480
Widowed	30	10	25	4,655	925	3,730
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	385	...	...	36,435	...	...
2 persons	200	...	...	13,940	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	8,560	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	10,035	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,895	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	385	...	...	36,430	...	...
Total couple families	325	...	...	30,540	...	...
Married couples	250	...	...	27,025	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	3,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	60	...	...	5,890	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	4,680	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	30,540	...	...
Couples without children	170	...	...	10,700	...	...
Couples with children	155	...	...	19,840	...	...
1 child	60	...	...	6,635	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	9,460	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	3,750	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	5,890	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	3,240	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	1,925	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	185	125	65	12,570	5,290	7,280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
One-census-family households	355	...	...	33,705	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	165	...	...	9,690	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	195	...	...	24,020	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	1,335	...	...
Non-census-family households	135	...	...	8,490	...	...
One-person households	110	...	...	7,645	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	845	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,310	690	620	127,525	62,120	65,405
English only	1,250	665	590	115,740	57,210	58,530
French only	5	0	0	85	40	45
English and French	50	25	25	10,620	4,445	6,170
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,075	420	655
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,305	685	620	127,525	62,120	65,405
English	1,280	670	610	123,890	60,530	63,360
French	25	20	5	2,070	960	1,110
English and French	0	0	0	525	230	290
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,040	400	635
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	15	5	2,335	1,070	1,260
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	2.2	0.8	1.8	1.7	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,305	690	615	127,525	62,120	65,405
Single responses	1,300	685	615	124,960	60,915	64,040
Official languages	1,230	655	575	105,185	51,495	53,690
English	1,205	635	565	103,135	50,545	52,590
French	25	15	5	2,050	955	1,105
Non-official languages	65	30	35	19,770	9,415	10,355
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	35	35	19,760	9,410	10,350
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	950	490	460
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	5	930	485	450
Amharic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Arabic	5	5	0	750	395	360
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	80	40	45
Tigrigna	0	0	0	20	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	90	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	200	85	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	15	1,095	435	660
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	985	390	595
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	30	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,085	530	560
Kannada	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	125	70	55
Tamil	0	0	0	870	420	455
Telugu	0	0	0	60	30	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	13,085	6,335	6,755
Albanian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Armenian	0	0	0	90	45	50
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	2,420	1,095	1,320
Baltic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavic languages	15	15	5	2,370	1,075	1,290
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Czech	0	0	0	75	35	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	415	205	210
Polish	0	0	0	785	340	440
Russian	5	0	5	275	105	165
Serbian	0	0	0	185	100	85
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ukrainian	10	5	0	245	100	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	1,415	630	785
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	15	25
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dutch	5	5	0	550	235	315
Frisian	0	0	0	15	5	10
German	15	10	10	720	325	395
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	610	310	300
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,310	2,150	2,155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,140	1,555	1,590
Bengali	0	0	0	280	145	135
Gujarati	0	0	0	385	195	190
Hindi	0	0	0	315	145	170
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	435	220	215
Sindhi	0	0	0	65	25	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	100	45	50
Urdu	0	0	0	1,510	740	770
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,145	590	550
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	90	50	45
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,035	530	505
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,180	2,065	2,115
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,595	820	770
Portuguese	0	0	0	800	375	420
Romanian	0	0	0	375	175	200
Spanish	0	0	0	1,405	685	715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	70	20	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	200	100	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	280	130	155
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	35	20	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,115	985	1,130
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,105	980	1,125
Cantonese	0	0	0	795	380	410
Hakka	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,160	530	625
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	25	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Lao	0	0	0	5	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	85	35	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	400	180	215
Estonian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Finnish	0	0	0	60	20	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	135	160
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	2,565	1,205	1,360
English and French	0	0	0	355	160	190
English and non-official language	10	5	5	2,070	970	1,100
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	40	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	30	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,310	690	620	127,525	62,120	65,405
Single responses	1,280	675	605	122,765	59,865	62,900
Official languages	1,270	675	600	114,650	56,010	58,635
English	1,265	670	600	113,805	55,610	58,195
French	5	5	5	845	400	440
Non-official languages	10	0	5	8,115	3,850	4,265
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	8,115	3,855	4,265
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	335	155	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	325	155	170
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	10
Arabic	0	0	0	265	125	145
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	125	50	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	300	140	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	270	125	145
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	690	335	355
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0	585	280	305
Telugu	0	0	0	50	25	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	4,845	2,310	2,535
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	785	360	420
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	775	355	420
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	110	45	65
Polish	5	5	0	280	120	160
Russian	0	0	0	130	60	65
Serbian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	60	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	0	0	0	70	30	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	155	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,300	1,110	1,195
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,630	780	850
Bengali	0	0	0	145	70	75
Gujarati	0	0	0	200	95	105
Hindi	0	0	0	110	50	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	215	100	110
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	885	435	445
Iranian languages	0	0	0	665	320	345
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	50	25	30
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	610	295	320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,410	685	725
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	350	155	200
Portuguese	0	0	0	205	90	115
Romanian	0	0	0	195	90	100
Spanish	0	0	0	660	340	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	110	55	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,370	650	720
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,365	645	715
Cantonese	0	0	0	435	205	225
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	860	405	455
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	4,760	2,255	2,500
English and French	0	0	0	290	135	155
English and non-official language	20	15	10	4,320	2,050	2,265
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	130	60	75
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,310	685	620	127,525	62,120	65,405
None	1,265	670	595	114,190	55,845	58,345
English	10	5	5	4,130	2,030	2,100
French	10	5	0	1,810	755	1,055
Non-official language	25	10	15	7,155	3,385	3,770
Aboriginal	5	5	5	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	15	7,145	3,380	3,765
English and French	0	0	0	60	25	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	35	30
French and non-official language	5	0	0	120	55	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,040	555	490	101,280	48,760	52,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	985	530	455	96,105	46,240	49,870
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,179	63,808	29,291	42,242	52,067	34,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	985	530	455	96,145	46,245	49,900
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,696	53,120	27,328	37,443	45,012	31,390
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	880	500	380	88,670	43,590	45,075
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,544	65,664	29,248	41,266	51,980	32,860
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	585	265	315	65,370	27,720	37,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,328	5,120	5,368	2,862	1,156	3,981
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	800	460	340	76,495	38,820	37,680
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,568	69,888	31,808	42,924	52,188	36,117
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,045	550	500	101,280	48,765	52,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	510	475	95,980	46,020	49,955
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,745	72,673	35,576	54,958	66,185	44,616
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	510	475	96,030	46,025	50,010
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,961	58,128	30,882	44,364	52,089	37,255
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	860	480	380	88,510	43,395	45,115
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,867	71,349	38,453	54,727	66,497	43,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	615	270	345	65,240	27,540	37,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,143	9,809	6,849	6,607	5,825	7,178
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	800	445	355	76,495	38,680	37,815
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,551	70,596	36,882	54,389	64,002	44,555
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,045	545	495	101,285	48,760	52,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	365	220	145	38,620	21,440	17,180
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,681	76,925	42,527	68,336	76,613	61,040
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	69,146	79,730	53,094	77,818	86,699	66,738
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.0	93.8	85.2	91.8	94.7	87.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	84.6	88.0	75.1	78.9	81.3	75.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.0	5.2	15.0	8.2	5.3	12.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,040	555	490	101,285	48,760	52,515
Without total income	55	25	30	5,175	2,525	2,650
With total income	985	530	455	96,110	46,240	49,870
Percentage with total income	94.7	95.5	92.9	94.9	94.8	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	40	95	14,100	5,870	8,225
$10,000 to $19,999	105	25	75	13,495	5,305	8,195
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	65	9,930	3,840	6,090
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	55	8,575	3,620	4,950
$40,000 to $49,999	100	45	50	8,555	3,665	4,890
$50,000 to $59,999	70	35	35	7,475	3,570	3,905
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	30	6,575	3,365	3,210
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	10	5,490	2,945	2,545
$80,000 to $89,999	45	30	10	4,685	2,605	2,080
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	5	4,485	2,430	2,060
$100,000 and over	175	155	20	12,735	9,015	3,725
$100,000 to $149,999	120	105	20	8,855	6,025	2,830
$150,000 and over	55	55	0	3,880	2,985	890
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	555	490	101,285	48,765	52,520
Without after-tax income	55	25	30	5,140	2,520	2,615
With after-tax income	985	530	460	96,145	46,245	49,900
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	95.5	93.9	94.9	94.8	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	45	95	14,565	5,955	8,605
$10,000 to $19,999	105	30	80	14,060	5,555	8,505
$20,000 to $29,999	140	65	75	11,620	4,655	6,960
$30,000 to $39,999	130	55	75	10,755	4,540	6,215
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	50	10,285	4,770	5,515
$50,000 to $59,999	80	45	35	8,810	4,515	4,295
$60,000 to $69,999	70	50	20	7,075	3,875	3,205
$70,000 to $79,999	50	40	10	6,325	3,540	2,785
$80,000 and over	170	150	20	12,655	8,840	3,815
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	5	4,260	2,615	1,645
$90,000 to $99,999	45	40	5	2,705	1,895	805
$100,000 and over	75	75	5	5,685	4,325	1,365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,045	550	490	101,285	48,765	52,515
Without employment income	240	90	145	24,785	9,945	14,840
With employment income	800	460	340	76,500	38,820	37,675
Percentage with employment income	76.6	83.6	69.4	75.5	79.6	71.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	85	35	50	10,490	5,130	5,360
$5,000 to $9,999	40	10	25	5,625	2,360	3,265
$10,000 to $19,999	60	20	45	8,340	3,635	4,705
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	6,130	2,645	3,490
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	45	5,885	2,480	3,405
$40,000 to $49,999	80	40	40	5,870	2,535	3,335
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	20	5,625	2,685	2,940
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	20	5,125	2,605	2,515
$70,000 to $79,999	45	40	5	4,420	2,360	2,060
$80,000 and over	230	190	35	18,985	12,390	6,600
$80,000 to $89,999	45	25	15	4,060	2,250	1,805
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	4,070	2,185	1,885
$100,000 and over	160	145	20	10,860	7,955	2,910
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	103,339	...	...	103,809	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,699	...	...	87,847	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	110	...	...	7,645	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	44,566	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,440	...	...	39,025	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	35,880	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,278	...	...	118,109	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	99,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	505	...	...	43,530	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,430	...	...	121,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,230	...	...	97,877	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	7,635	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,322	...	...	55,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,347	...	...	45,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...	35,895	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	121,305	...	...	135,153	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,382	...	...	109,022	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	300	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	820	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	1,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	915	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	1,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,040	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,150	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	2,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	2,485	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	2,480	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	2,480	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	2,575	...	...
$100,000 and over	265	...	...	22,690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	5,785	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	4,880	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	6,320	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	5,710	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	330	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	870	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	1,125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	1,210	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	1,425	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,420	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	3,135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	3,100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	3,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	3,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	2,950	...	...
$100,000 and over	185	...	...	18,140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	6,565	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	4,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	7,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	380	...	...	35,345	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,744	...	...	117,676	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,120	...	...	99,054	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	9,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,304	...	...	98,666	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,200	...	...	83,610	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	19,950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,963	...	...	140,915	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,032	...	...	116,915	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	5,280	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,803	...	...	70,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	62,662	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	390	...	...	35,385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,705	...	...	134,742	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,650	...	...	108,567	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	9,440	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,398	...	...	116,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,733	...	...	94,674	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	19,900	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,662	...	...	157,935	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,047	...	...	126,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	5,295	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	85,522	...	...	81,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,723	...	...	66,557	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	160	105	50	9,985	4,455	5,530
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,536	59,072	25,728	40,896	45,133	37,658
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,344	49,600	24,768	35,986	39,014	33,759
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	125	80	50	9,985	4,445	5,540
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	60,639	67,311	49,489	50,755	55,495	46,951
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,859	54,786	41,627	41,933	44,870	39,576
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,305	685	620	126,785	61,865	64,915
In the bottom half of the distribution	495	230	260	41,575	19,375	22,205
In the bottom decile	65	30	35	6,535	3,075	3,460
In the second decile	75	30	50	7,390	3,250	4,140
In the third decile	90	45	45	8,040	3,715	4,325
In the fourth decile	125	60	65	9,030	4,255	4,770
In the fifth decile	135	65	70	10,580	5,080	5,505
In the top half of the distribution	810	455	355	85,210	42,490	42,720
In the sixth decile	155	90	65	12,875	6,265	6,605
In the seventh decile	125	65	60	14,900	7,305	7,590
In the eighth decile	145	80	65	16,975	8,435	8,540
In the ninth decile	170	95	80	20,670	10,410	10,265
In the top decile	210	125	85	19,790	10,075	9,715
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,300	685	620	126,785	61,865	64,920
0 to 17 years	320	160	155	30,960	15,840	15,120
0 to 5 years	105	60	50	8,835	4,535	4,295
18 to 64 years	855	450	400	80,320	39,025	41,295
65 years and over	130	75	60	15,505	6,995	8,505
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	90	35	55	9,780	4,425	5,360
0 to 17 years	30	15	15	3,090	1,565	1,520
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	925	465	460
18 to 64 years	45	20	30	5,475	2,470	3,000
65 years and over	15	5	10	1,220	390	835
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9	5.1	8.9	7.7	7.2	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.4	9.7	10.0	9.9	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	8.3	10.0	10.5	10.3	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	4.4	7.5	6.8	6.3	7.3
65 years and over (%)	11.5	6.7	16.7	7.9	5.6	9.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	5,315	2,550	2,765
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	1,515	780	735
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	430	220	210
18 to 64 years	25	15	10	3,525	1,660	1,865
65 years and over	5	5	0	285	110	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.9	3.2	4.2	4.1	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	3.1	6.5	4.9	4.9	4.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	0.0	10.0	4.9	4.9	4.9
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.3	2.5	4.4	4.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	3.8	6.7	0.0	1.8	1.6	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,305	685	620	126,780	61,865	64,920
Official languages	1,305	685	615	125,710	61,380	64,330
English	1,305	690	615	125,640	61,340	64,305
French	60	15	40	10,655	4,540	6,110
Non-official languages	105	40	65	25,245	12,170	13,075
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	35	0	30
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	20	0	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	90	30	60	25,210	12,165	13,045
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	1,195	600	595
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	1,175	585	585
Amharic	0	0	0	45	30	15
Arabic	10	10	0	940	470	465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	20	40
Maltese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	220	75	140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	185	65	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	10	35	1,530	605	925
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	150	65	90
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	60	25	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	70	25	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	1,325	520	805
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	300	125	175
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	45	60
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	175	75	100
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,415	725	690
Kannada	0	0	0	75	40	35
Malayalam	0	0	0	170	95	75
Tamil	0	0	0	1,140	585	555
Telugu	0	0	0	85	35	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	17,060	8,340	8,720
Albanian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Armenian	0	0	0	115	45	65
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	2,950	1,375	1,575
Baltic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	10	10	0	2,910	1,365	1,550
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Croatian	0	0	0	200	95	110
Czech	0	0	0	150	75	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	555	250	305
Polish	0	0	0	970	475	500
Russian	0	0	0	415	160	255
Serbian	0	0	0	290	160	135
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	80	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	120	55	65
Ukrainian	10	0	0	310	140	170
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	25	10	15	1,845	835	1,005
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	40	55
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	30
Dutch	0	0	0	555	245	305
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	20	10	15	1,095	505	590
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,005	500	505
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,830	2,925
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,490	2,195	2,295
Bengali	0	0	0	425	205	210
Gujarati	0	0	0	540	250	285
Hindi	0	0	0	1,435	730	705
Kashmiri	0	0	0	20	10	10
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	75	35	45
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	895	455	440
Sindhi	0	0	0	85	45	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	205	80	125
Urdu	0	0	0	2,200	1,115	1,080
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,330	670	655
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	90	55	30
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,290	640	650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	5,715	2,875	2,840
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,275	1,160	1,110
Portuguese	0	0	0	935	465	470
Romanian	0	0	0	390	185	210
Spanish	0	0	0	2,285	1,145	1,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	140	45	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	265	145	120
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	585	295	295
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lingala	0	0	0	80	60	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	55	30	30
Shona	0	0	0	50	15	35
Swahili	0	0	0	120	70	45
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	130	65	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	65	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	185	75	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	115	50	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	70	20	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,300	1,100	1,195
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,290	1,100	1,190
Cantonese	0	0	0	885	425	465
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,495	725	770
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	60	45	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	90	80	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	15	0
Thai	0	0	0	75	60	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	125	50	70
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0	110	50	60
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	470	225	245
Estonian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Finnish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	375	170	205
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,305	685	615	126,785	61,865	64,915
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,280	680	595	121,385	59,205	62,180
Canadian citizens aged under 18	325	180	145	30,260	15,550	14,710
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	960	500	460	91,125	43,655	47,470
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	20	10	15	5,395	2,655	2,740
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,300	685	615	126,780	61,865	64,920
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,230	665	560	96,500	47,290	49,210
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	75	20	55	29,555	14,150	15,400
Before 1981	15	0	10	11,175	5,240	5,930
1981 to 1990	15	10	10	4,285	2,145	2,140
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	5,615	2,715	2,900
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	6,340	2,980	3,355
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	3,510	1,650	1,860
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	2,825	1,335	1,490
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	10	20	2,140	1,065	1,080
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	730	425	305
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	75	20	50	29,550	14,150	15,400
Under 5 years	0	0	0	3,555	1,740	1,810
5 to 14 years	15	0	15	6,555	3,395	3,150
15 to 24 years	25	15	15	6,855	3,025	3,825
25 to 44 years	30	10	25	10,705	5,155	5,550
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,885	830	1,055
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	70	20	55	29,550	14,150	15,405
Americas	10	0	10	7,515	3,435	4,075
Brazil	0	0	0	120	40	90
Colombia	0	0	0	190	80	105
El Salvador	0	0	0	75	35	40
Guyana	0	0	0	1,245	555	690
Haiti	0	0	0	65	30	40
Jamaica	0	0	0	2,375	1,075	1,300
Mexico	0	0	0	155	65	95
Peru	0	0	0	105	50	55
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	995	455	540
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	925	420	505
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,245	630	620
Europe	25	10	20	10,270	4,965	5,305
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	100	60	40
Croatia	0	0	0	135	60	70
France	0	0	0	75	65	15
Germany	20	10	10	500	255	245
Greece	0	0	0	355	190	170
Hungary	0	0	0	165	80	85
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	240	110	130
Italy	0	0	0	965	510	455
Netherlands	0	0	0	495	240	250
Poland	0	0	0	585	265	325
Portugal	0	0	0	365	190	175
Romania	0	0	0	365	180	190
Russian Federation	0	0	0	175	60	115
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Ukraine	0	0	0	150	65	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	4,490	2,100	2,400
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	995	495	495
Africa	0	0	0	1,755	900	860
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	15
Egypt	0	0	0	160	80	75
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	20	25
Kenya	0	0	0	110	45	60
Morocco	0	0	0	55	45	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	300	140	165
Somalia	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	235	140	95
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	815	400	415
Asia	40	10	30	9,890	4,765	5,120
Afghanistan	0	0	0	640	320	325
Bangladesh	0	0	0	240	110	130
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,235	575	660
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	305	165	140
India	0	0	0	1,800	920	885
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	290	160	130
Iraq	0	0	0	70	40	30
Japan	0	0	0	45	0	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	250	135	110
Lebanon	0	10	0	225	120	105
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,365	710	655
Philippines	35	10	25	1,500	620	885
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	870	400	470
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	65	35	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	175	60	115
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	790	380	410
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	125	80	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	20	2,145	1,065	1,080
Americas	0	0	0	465	260	210
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	160	105	55
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	110	55	55
Europe	0	0	0	215	115	100
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	30	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	75	40	35
Africa	0	0	0	245	145	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	40	20	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	35	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	40	25	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	65	40	25
Asia	25	10	20	1,185	530	655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	45	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	235	110	120
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	245	120	125
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	140	70	70
Philippines	25	10	20	215	70	145
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	55	25	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	65	40	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,305	685	615	126,785	61,865	64,920
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	75	20	55	30,770	14,825	15,945
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	195	110	90	34,500	17,255	17,240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,035	560	470	61,515	29,785	31,730
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	60	15	40	18,825	9,095	9,725
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	35	10	25	9,335	4,735	4,605
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	0	20	3,605	2,330	1,280
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	0	5,730	2,405	3,320
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	0	15	6,775	2,915	3,860
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,570	1,390	1,180
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	145	60	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,305	685	615	126,780	61,865	64,920
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	120	65	60	1,995	935	1,060
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	120	65	55	1,885	890	990
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	30	20	1,115	545	570
Métis	70	35	40	730	330	405
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	75	30	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,185	620	560	124,785	60,925	63,860
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,300	690	615	126,780	61,865	64,920
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	15	10	560	240	320
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,275	670	610	126,225	61,625	64,595
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,305	690	620	126,780	61,865	64,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	0	250	110	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	0	250	110	140
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	215	105	115
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	30	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	120	70	55	3,230	1,420	1,815
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	120	70	55	3,150	1,365	1,780
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	20	2,330	1,045	1,285
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	35	755	290	465
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	70	35	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	85	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,165	610	555	123,305	60,335	62,965
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,300	690	615	126,785	61,865	64,920
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	20	50	32,090	15,805	16,290
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	8,345	4,210	4,135
Chinese	0	0	0	3,180	1,540	1,640
Black	0	0	0	10,085	4,910	5,175
Filipino	35	10	20	2,550	1,125	1,425
Latin American	0	0	0	1,340	715	625
Arab	25	10	15	960	485	480
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	15	525	235	290
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	1,260	625	635
Korean	0	0	0	350	200	150
Japanese	0	0	0	455	215	245
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	1,170	535	635
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,860	1,005	850
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,235	665	570	94,690	46,060	48,630
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,305	690	615	126,785	61,865	64,915
North American Aboriginal origins	135	80	60	3,480	1,525	1,955
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	35	20	2,630	1,200	1,430
Inuit	0	0	0	65	35	35
Métis	85	45	40	870	345	525
Other North American origins	415	220	195	35,760	17,725	18,035
Acadian	0	10	0	165	80	85
American	10	10	0	1,530	765	760
Canadian	405	215	185	34,555	17,130	17,420
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	275	165	105
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	25	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	25	10	10
European origins	960	530	430	87,880	42,545	45,340
British Isles origins	650	360	290	63,210	30,310	32,900
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	350	200	155	36,080	17,210	18,870
Irish	325	190	135	26,935	12,660	14,275
Manx	0	0	0	45	15	30
Scottish	335	195	135	27,960	13,390	14,570
Welsh	50	25	20	2,780	1,310	1,470
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	0	4,600	2,170	2,435
French origins	210	105	110	11,025	5,230	5,795
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	215	105	110	11,025	5,230	5,790
Western European origins (except French origins)	370	165	210	15,910	7,575	8,335
Austrian	10	10	0	850	415	435
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	400	185	210
Dutch	110	55	55	4,690	2,300	2,390
Flemish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	275	110	165	10,680	5,000	5,680
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	20	0	490	265	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	130	55	75	2,685	1,305	1,375
Danish	55	30	25	695	320	370
Finnish	35	15	20	575	320	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	225	110	115
Norwegian	40	20	20	530	230	300
Swedish	20	0	10	675	355	325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	100	45	60
Eastern European origins	205	130	70	12,300	5,865	6,430
Bulgarian	0	0	0	150	70	75
Byelorussian	0	0	0	60	45	15
Czech	0	0	0	445	230	215
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	175	85	90
Estonian	0	0	0	225	145	80
Hungarian	25	15	10	1,550	705	845
Latvian	0	0	0	190	85	105
Lithuanian	0	0	0	265	120	145
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	45	25	4,830	2,280	2,550
Romanian	15	0	0	835	400	440
Russian	10	10	10	1,215	575	645
Slovak	0	0	0	475	265	205
Ukrainian	140	95	50	3,820	1,785	2,035
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Southern European origins	35	20	20	19,000	9,725	9,270
Albanian	0	0	0	85	50	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	655	315	335
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greek	10	0	0	2,355	1,210	1,145
Italian	15	10	0	9,385	4,815	4,570
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	1,155	585	565
Maltese	0	0	0	730	310	420
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,240	1,630	1,610
Serbian	0	0	0	325	170	150
Sicilian	0	0	0	95	30	65
Slovenian	0	0	0	360	210	155
Spanish	15	10	10	2,045	1,055	990
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	265	140	120
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	670	345	325
Basque	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jewish	0	0	0	340	180	155
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	305	155	155
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	9,475	4,500	4,975
Antiguan	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bahamian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Barbadian	0	0	0	870	430	445
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Carib	0	0	0	65	15	50
Cuban	0	0	0	165	80	80
Dominican	0	0	0	110	60	55
Grenadian	0	0	0	310	130	185
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	145	60	85
Jamaican	0	0	0	5,575	2,710	2,865
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	40	30	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	130	75	55
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	1,535	730	805
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	255	115	145
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	1,180	535	650
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	310	125	185
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	3,740	1,850	1,885
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	110	45	65
Arawak	0	0	0	50	10	40
Argentinian	0	0	0	90	60	35
Belizean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bolivian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	170	65	105
Chilean	0	0	0	125	65	65
Colombian	0	0	0	270	145	125
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	110	40	70
Guatemalan	0	0	0	105	60	50
Guyanese	0	0	0	1,620	810	815
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	350	155	195
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	25	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Peruvian	0	0	0	150	85	65
Salvadorean	0	0	0	120	55	65
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	230	145	85
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	110	50	60
African origins	10	0	10	3,930	1,990	1,935
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	905	485	420
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	25	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	160	105	50
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	175	100	80
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	375	185	190
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	115	55	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	55	30	25
North African origins	0	0	0	545	270	275
Algerian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	310	150	155
Libyan	0	0	0	65	30	35
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	70	50	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	770	405	360
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	55	20	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	30	25	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	25	20	0
South African	0	0	0	280	160	120
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	75	25	50
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Other African origins	0	0	10	1,780	875	905
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	240	125	110
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,585	775	815
Asian origins	70	20	50	20,890	10,325	10,565
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	10	15	3,435	1,760	1,675
Afghan	0	0	0	1,060	510	545
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	255	155	105
Armenian	0	0	0	265	140	125
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	465	260	205
Iraqi	0	0	0	90	60	30
Israeli	0	0	0	65	35	30
Jordanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	10	15	575	250	325
Palestinian	0	0	0	265	140	125
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	0	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	195	115	85
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	240	130	110
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	30	10	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	60	30	30
South Asian origins	0	0	0	9,540	4,780	4,765
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	175	70	95
Bengali	0	0	0	105	60	50
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	6,365	3,210	3,150
Goan	0	0	0	45	15	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	1,455	710	745
Punjabi	0	0	0	215	110	105
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	1,030	485	550
Tamil	0	0	0	240	140	95
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	595	300	290
East and Southeast Asian origins	45	10	35	8,475	4,050	4,425
Burmese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese	10	0	10	4,525	2,235	2,290
Filipino	40	15	35	2,880	1,295	1,585
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	105	70	35
Japanese	0	0	0	545	245	295
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	380	205	175
Laotian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	50	15	35
Thai	0	0	0	90	65	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	315	125	190
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	80	40	40
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	75	40	40
Oceania origins	0	0	0	265	140	120
Australian	0	0	0	180	90	90
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	35	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Owner	390	...	...	36,280	...	...
Renter	110	...	...	7,255	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	2,970	...	...
Not condominium	485	...	...	40,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	505	...	...	43,530	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	2,610	...	...
2 bedrooms	60	...	...	4,550	...	...
3 bedrooms	195	...	...	17,315	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	18,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	500	...	...	43,525	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	55	...	...	5,640	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	4,985	...	...
6 rooms	95	...	...	6,500	...	...
7 rooms	110	...	...	7,035	...	...
8 or more rooms	170	...	...	19,370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	500	...	...	43,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	505	...	...	43,530	...	...
Suitable	485	...	...	42,010	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
1960 or before	65	...	...	3,845	...	...
1961 to 1980	280	...	...	7,330	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	8,230	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	8,840	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	8,205	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	4,570	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	505	...	...	43,530	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	450	...	...	42,080	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	1,445	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	505	...	...	43,530	...	...
1 household maintainer	305	...	...	21,605	...	...
2 household maintainers	190	...	...	20,950	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	500	...	...	43,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	340	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	4,310	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	9,290	...	...
45 to 54 years	115	...	...	11,595	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	8,765	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	5,390	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,800	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,040	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	505	...	...	43,455	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	415	...	...	34,015	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	85	...	...	9,440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	8,540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	390	...	...	36,245	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	78.2	...	...	69.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,370	...	...	1,746	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,311	...	...	1,719	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,802	...	...	501,324	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,371	...	...	548,489	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	7,255	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	20.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.5	...	...	44.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,201	...	...	1,112	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,177	...	...	1,168	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,045	550	495	101,285	48,765	52,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	155	125	13,865	7,005	6,865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	360	165	195	28,785	13,885	14,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	400	225	180	58,635	27,875	30,765
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	125	45	5,790	4,300	1,490
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	40	25	10	2,635	1,630	1,005
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	100	35	3,150	2,670	480
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	155	60	95	25,305	11,180	14,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	15	2,010	880	1,135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	15	20	25,530	11,520	14,010
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	18,575	8,215	10,360
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,670	660	1,005
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	475	260	220
Master's degree	0	0	0	4,335	2,110	2,225
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	480	280	200
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	725	375	350	68,460	32,880	35,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	165	90	75	4,150	2,415	1,735
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	255	115	140	16,860	8,385	8,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	170	135	47,450	22,080	25,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	135	100	30	4,155	3,130	1,025
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	30	20	10	1,865	1,150	715
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	105	80	20	2,290	1,985	310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	40	75	20,475	9,005	11,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	1,540	670	875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	10	25	21,275	9,275	12,000
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	15,315	6,555	8,760
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,400	510	890
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	405	220	195
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,775	1,785	1,995
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	380	210	165
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,045	550	500	101,285	48,765	52,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	645	330	320	42,650	20,890	21,760
Education	20	0	25	3,810	810	3,000
13. Education	25	0	20	3,810	810	3,000
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	2,495	1,190	1,305
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	550	395	150
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,955	795	1,155
Humanities	0	10	0	3,050	1,125	1,930
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	195	50	145
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	860	220	640
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	795	255	545
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	145	80	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	175	100
54. History	10	10	0	610	320	295
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	155	20	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	8,390	2,530	5,860
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	95	10	85
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	950	405	545
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,325	60	1,265
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,515	300	1,215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	135	15	120
42. Psychology	0	0	10	1,305	280	1,020
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	3,075	1,460	1,610
Business, management and public administration	50	20	30	13,130	5,675	7,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	15	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	1,105	175	925
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	15	25	12,000	5,485	6,520
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,335	1,115	1,225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,005	435	570
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	630	265	365
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	30
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	585	390	195
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	30	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	2,470	1,575	895
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	10	1,950	1,310	640
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	20	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	360	205	160
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	55	45	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	145	25	11,025	10,140	885
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	450	345	110
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,620	2,205	410
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	10	10	2,535	2,305	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	60	0	2,295	2,235	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	50	10	2,135	2,080	60
48. Precision production	20	20	0	995	970	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	630	360	270
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	335	185	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	295	180	120
Health and related fields	60	20	40	7,755	1,520	6,230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	1,100	590	520
51. Health professions and related programs	60	20	40	6,545	865	5,685
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	105	75	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	15	30	3,530	1,835	1,695
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	30	1,620	445	1,175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,495	1,015	480
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	400	370	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	725	375	350	68,460	32,880	35,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	420	200	215	21,010	10,800	10,215
Education	20	0	20	3,005	610	2,400
13. Education	20	0	20	3,010	605	2,400
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,930	915	1,015
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	385	280	105
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	1,550	635	915
Humanities	10	10	0	2,450	865	1,580
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	160	45	120
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	700	175	530
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	655	210	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	115	55	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	190	130	60
54. History	0	0	0	485	240	250
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	15	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	15	7,050	2,040	5,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	80	10	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	795	335	455
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,060	35	1,030
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,370	235	1,130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	110	10	95
42. Psychology	10	0	0	1,075	210	870
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,565	1,200	1,370
Business, management and public administration	25	10	15	11,005	4,675	6,325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	945	155	790
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	20	10,035	4,510	5,525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,830	815	1,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	770	320	450
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	505	190	315
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	455	285	170
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	20	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	2,175	1,375	795
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	1,775	1,190	590
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	15	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	255	145	115
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	35	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	145	125	20	8,625	7,885	740
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	365	280	85
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,055	1,710	345
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	10	2,045	1,855	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	55	10	1,785	1,730	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	10	1,650	1,600	45
48. Precision production	20	20	0	720	700	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	490	260	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	260	125	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	230	135	95
Health and related fields	45	0	35	6,220	1,215	5,000
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	870	445	420
51. Health professions and related programs	45	10	35	5,260	715	4,550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	60	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	2,675	1,415	1,260
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	20	1,150	310	840
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,220	830	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	300	270	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,045	550	495	101,285	48,765	52,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	645	325	325	42,645	20,890	21,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	400	225	180	58,635	27,875	30,765
Location of study inside Canada	370	215	155	49,665	23,390	26,275
Same as province or territory of residence	260	155	105	46,560	21,805	24,760
Different than province or territory of residence	105	55	45	3,105	1,590	1,515
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	10	20	8,970	4,485	4,485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,510	735	780
Philippines	20	0	20	695	265	435
India	0	0	0	850	425	420
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,330	795	535
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	490	230	260
France	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other	15	10	0	4,045	2,005	2,035
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	725	375	350	68,460	32,880	35,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	205	215	21,010	10,800	10,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	305	170	135	47,450	22,080	25,370
Location of study inside Canada	275	165	115	40,605	18,785	21,815
Same as province or territory of residence	200	125	75	38,105	17,530	20,580
Different than province or territory of residence	75	35	40	2,500	1,260	1,235
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	10	20	6,850	3,290	3,555
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,240	595	645
Philippines	25	0	15	515	175	335
India	0	0	0	710	335	375
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	695	410	285
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	410	185	225
France	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other	10	0	10	3,230	1,565	1,665
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,045	550	495	101,285	48,765	52,520
In the labour force	740	410	325	70,295	35,910	34,390
Employed	685	380	305	65,080	33,150	31,930
Unemployed	60	35	20	5,215	2,755	2,460
Not in the labour force	310	135	170	30,985	12,855	18,125
Participation rate	70.8	74.5	65.7	69.4	73.6	65.5
Employment rate	65.6	69.1	61.6	64.3	68.0	60.8
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.5	6.2	7.4	7.7	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,050	550	500	101,285	48,765	52,520
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	300	125	170	29,350	12,160	17,195
Worked	750	420	325	71,930	36,605	35,325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	365	220	145	39,355	21,950	17,405
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	385	205	185	32,580	14,660	17,920
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.7	42.1	43.3	43.9	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	740	415	330	70,300	35,905	34,390
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,555	780	780
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	68,745	35,130	33,615
Employee	700	390	315	62,040	31,015	31,025
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	25	15	10	6,705	4,115	2,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	740	415	325	70,300	35,910	34,390
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	1,555	780	780
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	68,745	35,135	33,615
0 Management occupations	45	20	20	9,230	5,585	3,640
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	95	20	75	11,855	3,540	8,310
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	4,985	3,890	1,095
3 Health occupations	35	10	30	4,005	735	3,275
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	20	9,590	3,130	6,465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	2,200	995	1,200
6 Sales and service occupations	195	60	135	15,570	6,945	8,620
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	225	205	25	8,325	7,895	430
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10	765	645	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	40	0	2,220	1,760	455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	740	415	330	70,295	35,910	34,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	1,555	775	775
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	68,740	35,130	33,615
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	25	0	260	150	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	10	145	100	45
22 Utilities	0	10	0	1,700	1,210	490
23 Construction	115	100	10	4,760	4,185	575
31-33 Manufacturing	65	60	0	5,155	3,800	1,355
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	10	2,850	1,925	920
44-45 Retail trade	95	40	50	8,090	4,055	4,035
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	30	15	2,700	2,110	590
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	2,225	1,225	995
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	5,065	2,205	2,860
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	1,490	690	800
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	10	15	5,400	2,930	2,475
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	215	75	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	20	30	3,005	1,765	1,240
61 Educational services	15	0	10	6,275	1,650	4,625
62 Health care and social assistance	55	10	40	6,955	1,115	5,835
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	10	1,620	840	785
72 Accommodation and food services	65	15	55	3,880	1,590	2,290
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	25	15	2,515	1,130	1,390
91 Public administration	55	10	40	4,435	2,380	2,050
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	685	375	305	65,080	33,145	31,930
Worked at home	20	0	20	4,860	2,255	2,605
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	180	125	55
No fixed workplace address	120	90	30	7,155	5,150	2,000
Worked at usual place	540	290	255	52,890	25,620	27,265
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	545	290	250	52,890	25,620	27,270
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	15	35	13,570	5,555	8,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	35	40	15,395	7,275	8,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	410	235	175	23,780	12,715	11,065
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	135	75	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	665	375	285	60,045	30,775	29,270
Car, truck, van - as a driver	580	330	250	47,075	25,020	22,055
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	10	20	3,195	1,495	1,700
Public transit	25	25	0	7,490	3,310	4,180
Walked	10	10	0	1,575	585	990
Bicycle	0	0	0	175	130	45
Other method	10	0	10	530	240	290
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	665	380	285	60,040	30,775	29,265
Less than 15 minutes	120	45	75	12,240	4,970	7,270
15 to 29 minutes	255	150	105	15,825	7,535	8,290
30 to 44 minutes	115	70	40	9,295	5,315	3,985
45 to 59 minutes	95	65	25	7,540	4,445	3,095
60 minutes and over	75	45	30	15,145	8,510	6,630
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	665	380	290	60,040	30,775	29,265
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	85	45	5,550	4,080	1,470
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	170	125	45	11,385	6,495	4,895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	135	75	65	15,735	7,540	8,195
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	25	45	11,370	4,685	6,690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	10	25	6,430	2,835	3,600
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	130	70	60	9,565	5,135	4,430
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	790	445	340	74,150	37,635	36,515
Single responses	780	440	340	73,520	37,385	36,140
Official languages	770	440	335	73,270	37,270	36,000
English	770	440	335	72,880	37,200	35,680
French	0	0	0	390	70	325
Non-official languages	0	0	0	255	115	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	250	115	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	65	25	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	20
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	20	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	155	80	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	120	60	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	630	250	375
English and French	10	10	0	370	135	235
English and non-official language	10	0	0	245	110	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	790	450	340	74,155	37,635	36,515
None	790	450	340	71,795	36,515	35,280
English	0	0	0	375	90	285
French	0	0	10	1,105	530	570
Non-official language	0	0	0	865	495	370
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	865	495	365
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,280	675	610	125,515	61,220	64,295
Non-movers	1,080	555	520	113,985	55,635	58,350
Movers	205	120	85	11,530	5,590	5,940
Non-migrants	50	30	15	4,455	2,135	2,320
Migrants	150	90	65	7,075	3,450	3,615
Internal migrants	150	85	65	6,570	3,180	3,390
Intraprovincial migrants	125	70	60	6,240	3,025	3,220
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	0	330	155	175
External migrants	0	0	0	500	270	230
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,240	640	595	119,580	58,210	61,370
Non-movers	750	375	375	80,195	39,285	40,915
Movers	485	265	225	39,385	18,930	20,455
Non-migrants	90	40	50	16,065	7,605	8,460
Migrants	400	220	170	23,320	11,325	12,000
Internal migrants	390	220	165	20,765	10,015	10,755
Intraprovincial migrants	305	180	125	19,885	9,620	10,265
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	40	880	395	485
External migrants	10	0	10	2,555	1,310	1,240

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bruderheim, T [Census subdivision], Alberta and Whitby, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 28, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Whitby, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Whitby, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Whitby, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario