Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bruderheim, T Alberta [Census subdivision]			Cambridge, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,308	...	...	129,920	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,155	...	...	126,748	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	622	...	...	49,388	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	502	...	...	48,239	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	183.8	...	...	1,149.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.12	...	...	113.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,310	690	620	129,920	63,870	66,050
0 to 14 years	260	135	130	23,825	12,180	11,645
0 to 4 years	90	55	40	7,410	3,850	3,555
5 to 9 years	90	45	50	8,155	4,145	4,010
10 to 14 years	80	40	40	8,260	4,175	4,080
15 to 64 years	910	480	435	87,205	43,280	43,925
15 to 19 years	80	45	35	8,265	4,175	4,085
20 to 24 years	80	30	45	8,155	4,240	3,915
25 to 29 years	90	55	40	8,115	3,995	4,115
30 to 34 years	110	55	55	8,570	4,260	4,310
35 to 39 years	85	50	35	8,480	4,080	4,395
40 to 44 years	85	40	40	9,240	4,505	4,730
45 to 49 years	90	50	35	9,440	4,685	4,755
50 to 54 years	95	55	45	10,390	5,185	5,210
55 to 59 years	110	55	60	9,040	4,485	4,560
60 to 64 years	90	45	40	7,520	3,670	3,850
65 years and over	135	70	60	18,895	8,410	10,480
65 to 69 years	70	40	30	6,320	3,015	3,310
70 to 74 years	20	10	10	4,440	2,040	2,390
75 to 79 years	25	10	10	3,230	1,530	1,700
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	2,415	1,025	1,385
85 years and over	5	5	0	2,495	790	1,700
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	1,480	530	955
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	780	220	560
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	190	40	150
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	0	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	19.6	21.0	18.3	19.1	17.6
15 to 64 years	69.5	69.6	70.2	67.1	67.8	66.5
65 years and over	10.3	10.1	9.7	14.5	13.2	15.9
85 years and over	0.4	0.7	0.0	1.9	1.2	2.6
Average age of the population	37.0	37.3	36.7	39.5	38.5	40.4
Median age of the population	36.3	37.1	35.4	39.7	38.8	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Single-detached house	430	...	...	28,135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,620	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	55	...	...	17,460	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	3,675	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	5,645	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	6,260	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	175	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	500	...	...	48,235	...	...
1 person	110	...	...	11,015	...	...
2 persons	185	...	...	15,515	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	8,525	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	8,320	...	...
5 or more persons	55	...	...	4,860	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,305	...	...	127,840	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,045	555	490	106,095	51,685	54,405
Married or living common law	655	325	325	62,220	31,100	31,120
Married	505	255	250	51,730	25,850	25,880
Living common law	150	75	80	10,490	5,250	5,240
Not married and not living common law	390	225	165	43,875	20,590	23,285
Never married	260	160	100	28,195	15,315	12,875
Separated	30	15	10	3,690	1,575	2,115
Divorced	70	40	30	6,280	2,490	3,790
Widowed	30	10	25	5,710	1,205	4,505
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	385	...	...	37,280	...	...
2 persons	200	...	...	17,180	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	8,600	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	8,160	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,340	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	385	...	...	37,280	...	...
Total couple families	325	...	...	30,545	...	...
Married couples	250	...	...	25,300	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	5,245	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	60	...	...	6,735	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	5,360	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	1,375	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	30,545	...	...
Couples without children	170	...	...	13,225	...	...
Couples with children	155	...	...	17,325	...	...
1 child	60	...	...	6,590	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	7,555	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	3,175	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	6,735	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	3,950	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	2,010	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	185	125	65	17,225	8,495	8,730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
One-census-family households	355	...	...	34,420	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	165	...	...	12,140	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	195	...	...	22,280	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	1,405	...	...
Non-census-family households	135	...	...	12,415	...	...
One-person households	110	...	...	11,015	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	1,400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,310	690	620	128,600	63,400	65,205
English only	1,250	665	590	119,375	59,500	59,870
French only	5	0	0	35	10	20
English and French	50	25	25	7,135	3,080	4,055
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,055	800	1,260
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,305	685	620	128,600	63,400	65,200
English	1,280	670	610	124,640	61,700	62,945
French	25	20	5	1,515	740	775
English and French	0	0	0	420	175	240
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,030	785	1,245
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	15	5	1,725	830	890
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	2.2	0.8	1.3	1.3	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,305	690	615	128,600	63,400	65,205
Single responses	1,300	685	615	126,290	62,265	64,025
Official languages	1,230	655	575	103,260	51,200	52,065
English	1,205	635	565	101,675	50,425	51,255
French	25	15	5	1,580	775	810
Non-official languages	65	30	35	23,025	11,065	11,965
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	35	35	23,025	11,060	11,955
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	965	485	475
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	60	30	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	5	905	455	450
Amharic	0	0	0	45	20	30
Arabic	5	5	0	770	395	375
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	40	20	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	800	385	420
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	790	380	410
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	15	720	280	435
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	20	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	565	225	340
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	355	190	165
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	160	85	75
Tamil	0	0	0	135	70	70
Telugu	0	0	0	45	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	18,035	8,710	9,325
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	290	150	140
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	2,260	1,050	1,205
Baltic languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	15	15	5	2,220	1,030	1,190
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	280	135	140
Czech	0	0	0	150	70	80
Macedonian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Polish	0	0	0	965	455	505
Russian	5	0	5	190	75	120
Serbian	0	0	0	160	85	80
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slovak	0	0	0	90	40	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ukrainian	10	5	0	165	75	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	1,490	695	800
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dutch	5	5	0	455	205	250
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5
German	15	10	10	915	435	480
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	205	105	100
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5,420	2,735	2,680
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,440	2,225	2,210
Bengali	0	0	0	65	35	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,295	660	635
Hindi	0	0	0	265	135	130
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,570	755	815
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	1,150	595	550
Iranian languages	0	0	0	970	505	465
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	710	380	330
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	235	115	125
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	8,325	3,945	4,375
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	0	0	0	770	400	365
Portuguese	0	0	0	5,740	2,680	3,060
Romanian	0	0	0	380	170	215
Spanish	0	0	0	1,425	690	740
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	165	80	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	10	30
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	915	430	490
Chinese languages	0	0	0	910	425	480
Cantonese	0	0	0	335	165	170
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	445	205	235
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	260	125	135
Lao	0	0	0	235	120	115
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	460	220	245
Estonian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	50	15	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	380	190	190
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	2,315	1,135	1,180
English and French	0	0	0	310	140	170
English and non-official language	10	5	5	1,910	950	960
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,310	690	620	128,600	63,400	65,205
Single responses	1,280	675	605	123,705	61,005	62,700
Official languages	1,270	675	600	113,145	55,990	57,155
English	1,265	670	600	112,760	55,820	56,940
French	5	5	5	385	170	215
Non-official languages	10	0	5	10,565	5,015	5,545
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	10,565	5,020	5,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	480	240	245
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	35	15	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	445	225	225
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	10
Arabic	0	0	0	400	200	200
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	565	265	305
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	555	255	300
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	245	105	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	200	85	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	185	95	95
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	100	50	50
Tamil	0	0	0	75	35	40
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	7,980	3,780	4,200
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	195	95	95
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	915	435	480
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	910	435	475
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	65	25	30
Polish	5	5	0	380	180	200
Russian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Serbian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	55	20	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	70	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,255	1,590	1,665
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,685	1,310	1,375
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	830	415	415
Hindi	0	0	0	105	55	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,015	485	530
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	670	330	335
Iranian languages	0	0	0	565	280	285
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	430	215	210
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	130	55	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,420	1,565	1,850
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	185	85	105
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,435	1,110	1,325
Romanian	0	0	0	155	70	85
Spanish	0	0	0	635	305	330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	55	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	550	270	280
Chinese languages	0	0	0	545	265	285
Cantonese	0	0	0	200	90	105
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	305	150	155
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Lao	0	0	0	130	60	65
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	55	60
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	15	4,895	2,390	2,505
English and French	0	0	0	215	90	125
English and non-official language	20	15	10	4,585	2,260	2,330
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	35	45
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,310	685	620	128,600	63,395	65,205
None	1,265	670	595	115,095	56,955	58,140
English	10	5	5	4,455	2,215	2,245
French	10	5	0	1,315	565	750
Non-official language	25	10	15	7,535	3,575	3,955
Aboriginal	5	5	5	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	15	7,530	3,580	3,955
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	40	45
French and non-official language	5	0	0	80	30	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,040	555	490	104,030	50,965	53,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	985	530	455	99,760	49,005	50,755
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,179	63,808	29,291	35,244	44,194	28,673
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	985	530	455	99,775	49,010	50,770
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,696	53,120	27,328	31,916	38,893	26,524
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	880	500	380	89,690	45,325	44,365
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,544	65,664	29,248	34,445	44,371	26,639
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	585	265	315	69,505	30,410	39,095
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,328	5,120	5,368	4,714	2,433	5,765
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	800	460	340	76,700	39,935	36,760
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,568	69,888	31,808	37,410	46,713	30,186
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,045	550	500	104,030	50,965	53,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	510	475	99,730	49,025	50,710
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,745	72,673	35,576	44,725	53,969	35,789
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	510	475	99,745	49,020	50,720
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,961	58,128	30,882	37,441	44,048	31,054
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	860	480	380	89,675	45,345	44,325
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,867	71,349	38,453	43,919	53,698	33,914
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	615	270	345	69,365	30,420	38,945
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,143	9,809	6,849	7,529	6,924	8,002
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	800	445	355	76,700	39,915	36,785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,551	70,596	36,882	45,546	54,575	35,749
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,045	545	495	104,030	50,970	53,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	365	220	145	40,925	23,380	17,545
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,681	76,925	42,527	53,316	59,883	44,823
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	69,146	79,730	53,094	61,793	69,538	51,472
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.0	93.8	85.2	88.2	91.9	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	84.6	88.0	75.1	77.7	82.1	71.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.0	5.2	15.0	11.8	8.1	17.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,040	555	490	104,030	50,965	53,070
Without total income	55	25	30	4,270	1,955	2,310
With total income	985	530	455	99,765	49,005	50,750
Percentage with total income	94.7	95.5	92.9	95.9	96.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	40	95	12,780	5,230	7,550
$10,000 to $19,999	105	25	75	16,405	6,155	10,240
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	65	14,310	5,800	8,515
$30,000 to $39,999	105	50	55	11,980	5,150	6,835
$40,000 to $49,999	100	45	50	10,800	5,195	5,605
$50,000 to $59,999	70	35	35	9,000	5,040	3,960
$60,000 to $69,999	65	35	30	6,505	4,015	2,500
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	10	4,635	3,000	1,640
$80,000 to $89,999	45	30	10	3,575	2,395	1,185
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	5	3,025	1,895	1,135
$100,000 and over	175	155	20	6,735	5,140	1,595
$100,000 to $149,999	120	105	20	4,900	3,695	1,205
$150,000 and over	55	55	0	1,835	1,445	390
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	555	490	104,035	50,965	53,065
Without after-tax income	55	25	30	4,260	1,955	2,300
With after-tax income	985	530	460	99,775	49,005	50,765
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	95.5	93.9	95.9	96.2	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	45	95	13,060	5,285	7,775
$10,000 to $19,999	105	30	80	17,270	6,520	10,750
$20,000 to $29,999	140	65	75	16,720	6,865	9,860
$30,000 to $39,999	130	55	75	14,630	6,655	7,970
$40,000 to $49,999	105	55	50	12,735	6,890	5,845
$50,000 to $59,999	80	45	35	8,785	5,370	3,420
$60,000 to $69,999	70	50	20	5,675	3,730	1,950
$70,000 to $79,999	50	40	10	4,310	2,770	1,545
$80,000 and over	170	150	20	6,585	4,935	1,650
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	5	2,430	1,730	700
$90,000 to $99,999	45	40	5	1,385	1,035	350
$100,000 and over	75	75	5	2,775	2,170	600
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,045	550	490	104,030	50,965	53,070
Without employment income	240	90	145	27,335	11,030	16,300
With employment income	800	460	340	76,700	39,935	36,765
Percentage with employment income	76.6	83.6	69.4	73.7	78.4	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	85	35	50	8,660	4,030	4,630
$5,000 to $9,999	40	10	25	5,620	2,280	3,335
$10,000 to $19,999	60	20	45	9,395	3,900	5,495
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	8,195	3,395	4,795
$30,000 to $39,999	85	35	45	8,675	3,630	5,040
$40,000 to $49,999	80	40	40	8,230	4,115	4,120
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	20	7,265	4,275	2,990
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	20	5,310	3,400	1,915
$70,000 to $79,999	45	40	5	3,905	2,575	1,330
$80,000 and over	230	190	35	11,450	8,340	3,110
$80,000 to $89,999	45	25	15	3,140	2,150	985
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	2,625	1,675	955
$100,000 and over	160	145	20	5,685	4,515	1,175
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	103,339	...	...	77,757	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,699	...	...	68,074	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	110	...	...	11,015	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,328	...	...	36,717	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,440	...	...	33,004	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	37,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,278	...	...	92,590	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	80,390	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	505	...	...	48,235	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,430	...	...	92,469	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,230	...	...	77,417	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	11,035	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,322	...	...	44,941	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,347	...	...	37,891	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...	37,205	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	121,305	...	...	106,563	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,382	...	...	89,138	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	425	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	370	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,015	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1,360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	1,850	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,590	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	1,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,925	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,890	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,920	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	3,750	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	3,500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	3,460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	3,175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	3,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	265	...	...	17,170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	6,075	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	4,075	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	4,295	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	2,730	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	455	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	395	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,030	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1,405	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	2,105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,760	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	2,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	2,330	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	4,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	4,205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	4,010	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	3,635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	3,190	...	...
$100,000 and over	185	...	...	12,460	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	5,635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,190	...	...
$150,000 and over	65	...	...	3,640	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	380	...	...	36,235	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,744	...	...	92,156	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,120	...	...	79,982	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	11,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,304	...	...	79,502	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,200	...	...	69,461	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	17,465	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,963	...	...	115,183	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,032	...	...	98,399	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	6,080	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,803	...	...	54,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	50,283	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	390	...	...	36,285	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,705	...	...	106,268	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,650	...	...	88,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	11,835	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,398	...	...	94,994	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,733	...	...	78,681	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	17,470	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,662	...	...	128,829	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,047	...	...	106,948	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	6,050	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	85,522	...	...	64,203	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,723	...	...	56,645	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	160	105	50	14,515	7,415	7,095
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,536	59,072	25,728	34,410	40,192	29,382
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,344	49,600	24,768	31,038	35,211	27,220
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	125	80	50	14,375	7,345	7,035
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	60,639	67,311	49,489	42,062	46,308	37,629
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,859	54,786	41,627	35,615	38,233	32,882
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,305	685	620	127,840	63,140	64,700
In the bottom half of the distribution	495	230	260	59,585	28,305	31,275
In the bottom decile	65	30	35	9,070	4,215	4,855
In the second decile	75	30	50	11,080	4,910	6,175
In the third decile	90	45	45	12,335	5,795	6,535
In the fourth decile	125	60	65	13,235	6,390	6,850
In the fifth decile	135	65	70	13,860	7,000	6,855
In the top half of the distribution	810	455	355	68,250	34,830	33,420
In the sixth decile	155	90	65	14,785	7,440	7,345
In the seventh decile	125	65	60	14,680	7,520	7,160
In the eighth decile	145	80	65	14,940	7,480	7,460
In the ninth decile	170	95	80	13,950	7,230	6,720
In the top decile	210	125	85	9,905	5,170	4,735
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,300	685	620	127,840	63,140	64,700
0 to 17 years	320	160	155	28,755	14,615	14,135
0 to 5 years	105	60	50	8,960	4,645	4,315
18 to 64 years	855	450	400	81,855	40,590	41,265
65 years and over	130	75	60	17,230	7,925	9,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	90	35	55	13,850	6,155	7,695
0 to 17 years	30	15	15	4,180	2,130	2,050
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	1,455	770	685
18 to 64 years	45	20	30	7,765	3,355	4,415
65 years and over	15	5	10	1,905	675	1,225
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9	5.1	8.9	10.8	9.7	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.4	9.7	14.5	14.6	14.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	8.3	10.0	16.2	16.6	15.9
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	4.4	7.5	9.5	8.3	10.7
65 years and over (%)	11.5	6.7	16.7	11.1	8.5	13.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	7,260	3,450	3,815
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	2,005	1,020	990
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	670	350	315
18 to 64 years	25	15	10	4,925	2,275	2,650
65 years and over	5	5	0	330	150	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.9	3.2	5.7	5.5	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.7	3.1	6.5	7.0	7.0	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	0.0	10.0	7.5	7.5	7.3
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.3	2.5	6.0	5.6	6.4
65 years and over (%)	3.8	6.7	0.0	1.9	1.9	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,305	685	620	127,835	63,140	64,700
Official languages	1,305	685	615	125,740	62,335	63,400
English	1,305	690	615	125,715	62,325	63,390
French	60	15	40	7,075	3,060	4,015
Non-official languages	105	40	65	27,985	13,495	14,485
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	90	30	60	27,980	13,495	14,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	1,410	710	700
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	1,385	695	690
Amharic	0	0	0	50	20	25
Arabic	10	10	0	1,220	605	620
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	30	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,055	535	525
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,050	525	520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	10	35	810	280	535
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	10	35	760	260	495
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	25	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	15	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	570	310	255
Kannada	0	0	0	35	15	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	170	90	80
Tamil	0	0	0	270	145	130
Telugu	0	0	0	125	80	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Indo-European languages	35	15	15	22,005	10,665	11,340
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	375	195	180
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	2,560	1,205	1,355
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	2,540	1,190	1,345
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	320	140	180
Czech	0	0	0	230	110	120
Macedonian	0	0	0	160	65	95
Polish	0	0	0	1,115	570	545
Russian	0	0	0	285	125	165
Serbian	0	0	0	205	110	100
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Ukrainian	10	0	0	180	65	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Celtic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	1,865	825	1,045
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	30	30
Danish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Dutch	0	0	0	505	215	290
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
German	20	10	15	1,255	560	695
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	265	135	135
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,240	3,190	3,050
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5,620	2,875	2,745
Bengali	0	0	0	90	45	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,315	705	610
Hindi	0	0	0	1,260	645	620
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	10
Konkani	0	0	0	20	15	0
Marathi	0	0	0	50	20	30
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,230	1,075	1,155
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Urdu	0	0	0	2,175	1,125	1,045
Iranian languages	0	0	0	965	475	485
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	705	360	350
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	295	125	165
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	10,855	5,190	5,665
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,085	550	540
Portuguese	0	0	0	7,125	3,445	3,680
Romanian	0	0	0	500	220	285
Spanish	0	0	0	2,345	1,080	1,265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	60	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	180	75	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	65	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	15	35
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	20	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	65	25	35
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	25	40
Sign languages	0	0	0	190	75	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	155	70	90
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	40	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,110	530	580
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,110	530	580
Cantonese	0	0	0	560	260	295
Hakka	0	0	0	25	0	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	570	255	320
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	275	120	155
Lao	0	0	0	260	120	145
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	575	295	280
Estonian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Finnish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	480	250	230
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,305	685	615	127,840	63,140	64,700
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,280	680	595	122,710	60,670	62,040
Canadian citizens aged under 18	325	180	145	28,305	14,330	13,975
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	960	500	460	94,410	46,335	48,070
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	20	10	15	5,125	2,470	2,660
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,300	685	615	127,835	63,135	64,700
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,230	665	560	101,075	50,100	50,975
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	75	20	55	26,090	12,705	13,390
Before 1981	15	0	10	11,115	5,460	5,655
1981 to 1990	15	10	10	3,895	1,915	1,980
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	4,235	2,005	2,225
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	4,945	2,415	2,530
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	2,520	1,275	1,250
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	2,425	1,135	1,285
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	10	20	1,900	905	985
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	670	335	340
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	75	20	50	26,090	12,700	13,385
Under 5 years	0	0	0	3,150	1,705	1,445
5 to 14 years	15	0	15	5,305	2,730	2,580
15 to 24 years	25	15	15	6,320	2,745	3,575
25 to 44 years	30	10	25	9,690	4,835	4,855
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,630	690	940
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	70	20	55	26,090	12,705	13,390
Americas	10	0	10	3,670	1,645	2,025
Brazil	0	0	0	115	50	65
Colombia	0	0	0	240	110	135
El Salvador	0	0	0	420	195	225
Guyana	0	0	0	590	270	325
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	480	240	240
Mexico	0	0	0	155	80	75
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	195	70	130
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	640	230	415
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	780	390	390
Europe	25	10	20	13,095	6,465	6,635
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	55	35	25
Croatia	0	0	0	160	65	90
France	0	0	0	40	25	20
Germany	20	10	10	565	250	315
Greece	0	0	0	115	65	55
Hungary	0	0	0	210	115	95
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	100	45	50
Italy	0	0	0	425	215	210
Netherlands	0	0	0	445	225	220
Poland	0	0	0	730	370	360
Portugal	0	0	0	4,620	2,215	2,410
Romania	0	0	0	430	180	250
Russian Federation	0	0	0	110	50	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	210	130	85
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	30	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	4,005	2,080	1,925
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	815	365	455
Africa	0	0	0	860	475	385
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	185	105	80
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kenya	0	0	0	45	15	30
Morocco	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	30	25
Somalia	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	165	80	85
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	310	190	125
Asia	40	10	30	8,390	4,075	4,315
Afghanistan	0	0	0	145	55	85
Bangladesh	0	0	0	50	25	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	465	175	285
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	155	85	70
India	0	0	0	2,460	1,240	1,220
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	105	70	40
Iraq	0	0	0	335	160	180
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	125	65	60
Lebanon	0	10	0	225	105	120
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,495	770	725
Philippines	35	10	25	830	330	500
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	215	110	105
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	190	100	85
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	770	370	405
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	790	395	395
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	20	1,895	910	985
Americas	0	0	0	285	120	165
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	40	15	25
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	15	20
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	100	35	60
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	45	45
Europe	0	0	0	250	135	115
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	0	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	75	60	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	130	60	75
Africa	0	0	0	80	40	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	30	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	25	10	20	1,260	600	665
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	400	220	180
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	145	80	70
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	225	105	115
Philippines	25	10	20	120	35	85
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	85	40	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	70	35	35
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,305	685	615	127,840	63,140	64,700
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	75	20	55	27,135	13,250	13,890
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	195	110	90	28,295	14,275	14,025
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,035	560	470	72,400	35,620	36,785
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	60	15	40	15,590	7,560	8,035
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	35	10	25	6,560	3,395	3,170
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	0	20	2,390	1,760	635
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	0	4,170	1,640	2,535
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	0	15	5,880	2,495	3,385
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,950	1,580	1,370
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	200	95	105
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,305	685	615	127,835	63,140	64,700
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	120	65	60	2,540	1,175	1,365
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	120	65	55	2,410	1,125	1,285
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	30	20	1,605	760	850
Métis	70	35	40	745	345	405
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	105	35	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,185	620	560	125,300	61,965	63,335
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,300	690	615	127,835	63,140	64,700
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	15	10	700	330	370
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,275	670	610	127,140	62,810	64,330
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,305	690	620	127,835	63,140	64,700
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	0	385	185	205
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	0	360	165	190
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	270	125	140
Métis single ancestry	15	10	0	75	40	35
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	120	70	55	4,000	1,865	2,140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	120	70	55	3,905	1,815	2,085
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	20	3,035	1,425	1,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	35	735	345	390
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	135	50	85
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	100	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,165	610	555	123,445	61,090	62,360
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,300	690	615	127,840	63,140	64,700
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	20	50	19,895	9,800	10,095
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	7,885	4,065	3,820
Chinese	0	0	0	1,375	620	755
Black	0	0	0	3,255	1,635	1,620
Filipino	35	10	20	1,270	535	735
Latin American	0	0	0	1,610	745	865
Arab	25	10	15	1,050	515	540
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	15	1,405	690	720
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	405	200	205
Korean	0	0	0	220	105	125
Japanese	0	0	0	180	90	90
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	710	360	355
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	515	245	270
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,235	665	570	107,945	53,340	54,605
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,305	690	615	127,840	63,140	64,700
North American Aboriginal origins	135	80	60	4,390	2,055	2,340
First Nations (North American Indian)	50	35	20	3,420	1,610	1,810
Inuit	0	0	0	170	60	105
Métis	85	45	40	935	445	485
Other North American origins	415	220	195	39,790	19,570	20,225
Acadian	0	10	0	170	65	110
American	10	10	0	1,380	690	695
Canadian	405	215	185	38,515	18,925	19,590
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	630	305	325
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	30	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	960	530	430	91,310	44,920	46,390
British Isles origins	650	360	290	59,420	29,080	30,345
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	350	200	155	34,345	16,580	17,765
Irish	325	190	135	23,865	11,565	12,300
Manx	0	0	0	15	10	0
Scottish	335	195	135	25,495	12,425	13,070
Welsh	50	25	20	2,275	1,100	1,175
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	0	3,755	1,790	1,965
French origins	210	105	110	11,790	5,730	6,055
Alsatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Breton	0	0	0	0	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	215	105	110	11,760	5,725	6,040
Western European origins (except French origins)	370	165	210	23,685	11,405	12,285
Austrian	10	10	0	730	370	360
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	510	275	230
Dutch	110	55	55	6,035	2,955	3,085
Flemish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	15	0	10
German	275	110	165	17,660	8,390	9,270
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swiss	20	20	0	595	285	310
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	130	55	75	1,930	930	995
Danish	55	30	25	405	190	220
Finnish	35	15	20	365	205	160
Icelandic	0	0	0	155	55	100
Norwegian	40	20	20	440	215	220
Swedish	20	0	10	520	225	295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	135	75	60
Eastern European origins	205	130	70	12,005	5,955	6,050
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	545	235	310
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	100	45	55
Estonian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Hungarian	25	15	10	2,085	1,010	1,075
Latvian	0	0	0	115	40	75
Lithuanian	0	0	0	230	130	100
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Polish	70	45	25	4,805	2,445	2,355
Romanian	15	0	0	890	390	505
Russian	10	10	10	1,080	500	580
Slovak	0	0	0	315	175	140
Ukrainian	140	95	50	2,920	1,440	1,475
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	65	45	25
Southern European origins	35	20	20	20,820	10,330	10,490
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	695	300	390
Cypriot	0	0	0	35	10	20
Greek	10	0	0	720	390	330
Italian	15	10	0	5,540	2,840	2,700
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	260	90	170
Maltese	0	0	0	245	115	125
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	12,120	6,060	6,060
Serbian	0	0	0	390	205	190
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Spanish	15	10	10	1,225	505	720
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	220	110	105
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	605	330	275
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	290	155	135
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	280	155	125
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	2,890	1,450	1,440
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	405	215	190
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	30	25	0
Cuban	0	0	0	85	30	55
Dominican	0	0	0	50	25	30
Grenadian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,430	705	725
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	25	0	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	430	215	215
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	95	40	50
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	340	170	170
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	50	25	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,815	1,335	1,485
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	130	60	65
Arawak	0	0	0	0	10	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	195	75	115
Chilean	0	0	0	75	35	45
Colombian	0	0	0	360	170	190
Costa Rican	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	95	60	30
Guatemalan	0	0	0	95	50	50
Guyanese	0	0	0	665	320	345
Hispanic	0	0	0	75	40	35
Honduran	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maya	0	0	0	35	30	10
Mexican	0	0	0	245	120	130
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	105	45	55
Panamanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Salvadorean	0	0	0	495	225	270
Uruguayan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	20	25
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	105	50	60
African origins	10	0	10	1,765	835	930
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	235	135	95
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	15	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	30	0	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	145	80	70
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	0	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	475	230	245
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	330	165	170
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	110	45	70
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	460	215	250
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	55	40	15
South African	0	0	0	210	80	130
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Other African origins	0	0	10	715	305	415
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	155	60	100
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	565	245	315
Asian origins	70	20	50	15,625	7,680	7,950
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	10	15	2,530	1,255	1,275
Afghan	0	0	0	315	140	175
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	255	135	120
Armenian	0	0	0	520	275	245
Assyrian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	145	85	65
Iraqi	0	0	0	230	100	135
Israeli	0	0	0	55	30	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	10	15	380	150	225
Palestinian	0	0	0	125	90	40
Pashtun	0	0	0	140	75	65
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	215	110	110
Tajik	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	110	50	60
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	95	40	50
South Asian origins	0	0	0	7,950	4,030	3,915
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	45	25	15
Bengali	0	0	0	50	15	35
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	5,330	2,680	2,650
Goan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	1,750	930	815
Punjabi	0	0	0	605	295	305
Sinhalese	0	0	0	55	25	35
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	165	90	75
Tamil	0	0	0	80	25	55
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	400	185	210
East and Southeast Asian origins	45	10	35	5,290	2,470	2,820
Burmese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	55	35	15
Chinese	10	0	10	1,930	885	1,050
Filipino	40	15	35	1,450	615	835
Hmong	0	0	0	20	20	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Japanese	0	0	0	245	115	130
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	120	120
Laotian	0	0	0	360	175	195
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	85	35	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,165	595	575
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	165	90	75
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	170	90	75
Oceania origins	0	0	0	170	100	70
Australian	0	0	0	125	80	45
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	20	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Owner	390	...	...	34,080	...	...
Renter	110	...	...	14,160	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	3,935	...	...
Not condominium	485	...	...	44,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	505	...	...	48,240	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	110	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	4,750	...	...
2 bedrooms	60	...	...	9,680	...	...
3 bedrooms	195	...	...	22,160	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	11,540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	55	...	...	9,230	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	6,775	...	...
6 rooms	95	...	...	8,810	...	...
7 rooms	110	...	...	7,700	...	...
8 or more rooms	170	...	...	15,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
One person or fewer per room	500	...	...	47,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	505	...	...	48,240	...	...
Suitable	485	...	...	46,070	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
1960 or before	65	...	...	11,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	280	...	...	12,960	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	6,530	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	7,265	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	4,535	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	3,175	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	505	...	...	48,240	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	450	...	...	45,485	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	2,755	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	505	...	...	48,240	...	...
1 household maintainer	305	...	...	26,165	...	...
2 household maintainers	190	...	...	20,855	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	1,225	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	500	...	...	48,240	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	975	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	6,695	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	9,255	...	...
45 to 54 years	115	...	...	11,245	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	9,470	...	...
65 to 74 years	75	...	...	6,125	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	3,285	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	505	...	...	48,175	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	415	...	...	37,260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	85	...	...	10,915	...	...
30% to less than 100%	80	...	...	9,970	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	390	...	...	34,070	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	78.2	...	...	67.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,370	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,311	...	...	1,384	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,802	...	...	341,436	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,371	...	...	365,897	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	14,150	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.5	...	...	41.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,201	...	...	958	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,177	...	...	1,025	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,045	550	495	104,035	50,965	53,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	155	125	22,455	10,990	11,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	360	165	195	33,235	16,410	16,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	400	225	180	48,345	23,560	24,785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	125	45	7,140	5,135	2,005
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	40	25	10	3,500	2,195	1,305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	100	35	3,645	2,940	700
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	155	60	95	23,860	10,500	13,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	15	1,570	760	815
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	15	20	15,775	7,165	8,605
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	11,400	4,985	6,415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	915	420	500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	345	190	155
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,785	1,370	1,415
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	325	205	115
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	725	375	350	70,370	34,735	35,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	165	90	75	9,680	5,145	4,540
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	255	115	140	21,810	10,955	10,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	310	170	135	38,885	18,640	20,250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	135	100	30	5,325	3,795	1,530
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	30	20	10	2,695	1,635	1,060
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	105	80	20	2,635	2,160	475
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	115	40	75	19,400	8,525	10,875
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	1,145	540	600
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	10	25	13,010	5,775	7,235
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	9,285	4,025	5,270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	785	335	460
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	265	115	150
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,405	1,160	1,245
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	265	150	115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,045	550	500	104,030	50,970	53,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	645	330	320	55,685	27,400	28,280
Education	20	0	25	2,325	480	1,840
13. Education	25	0	20	2,325	485	1,840
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,720	740	980
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	265	165	100
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,460	575	885
Humanities	0	10	0	2,535	975	1,560
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	165	30	135
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	575	125	455
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	680	230	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	245	120	125
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	360	230	130
54. History	10	10	0	400	230	170
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	10	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	5,400	1,600	3,795
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	625	225	400
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,395	110	1,290
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	710	190	525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	100	25	75
42. Psychology	0	0	10	770	205	570
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,755	840	910
Business, management and public administration	50	20	30	9,755	3,700	6,055
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	855	145	710
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	15	25	8,875	3,550	5,325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,590	795	795
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	635	230	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	430	225	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	410	285	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	95	60	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	1,770	1,085	685
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	10	10	1,365	865	505
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	15	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	285	185	100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	145	25	11,615	10,770	850
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	345	235	115
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,745	1,495	250
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	10	10	2,805	2,540	265
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	60	0	1,825	1,775	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	50	10	2,525	2,480	45
48. Precision production	20	20	0	2,365	2,240	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	880	460	420
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	575	305	270
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	305	155	150
Health and related fields	60	20	40	6,995	1,030	5,965
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	710	285	420
51. Health professions and related programs	60	20	40	6,205	690	5,510
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	50	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	15	30	3,705	1,930	1,770
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	30	1,860	530	1,335
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,230	830	395
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	600	565	35
Other	0	0	0	55	0	55
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	60	0	55
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	725	375	350	70,375	34,735	35,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	420	200	215	31,490	16,095	15,395
Education	20	0	20	1,815	375	1,435
13. Education	20	0	20	1,810	375	1,440
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,375	600	775
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	165	115	50
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	1,210	485	725
Humanities	10	10	0	1,915	745	1,175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	20	105
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	450	105	340
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	525	175	350
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	160	75	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	285	185	95
54. History	0	0	0	300	175	125
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	0	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	15	4,375	1,235	3,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	535	205	325
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,130	70	1,055
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	625	160	470
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	15	50
42. Psychology	10	0	0	570	125	450
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,415	655	760
Business, management and public administration	25	10	15	8,215	3,050	5,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	715	105	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	20	7,470	2,945	4,530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,230	595	630
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	495	165	330
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	320	175	145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	315	205	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	50	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	1,525	935	590
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	1,215	765	445
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	10	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	215	135	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	25	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	145	125	20	9,155	8,430	720
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	315	220	100
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,485	1,275	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	10	2,215	1,970	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	55	10	1,420	1,370	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	10	1,970	1,940	30
48. Precision production	20	20	0	1,750	1,670	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	730	380	350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	475	245	230
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	250	135	115
Health and related fields	45	0	35	5,485	760	4,725
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	565	220	350
51. Health professions and related programs	45	10	35	4,860	520	4,340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	30	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	3,030	1,540	1,495
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	20	1,480	365	1,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,005	665	340
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	535	500	35
Other	0	0	0	45	0	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	40	0	45
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,045	550	495	104,035	50,970	53,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	645	325	325	55,685	27,405	28,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	400	225	180	48,345	23,565	24,785
Location of study inside Canada	370	215	155	41,755	20,000	21,760
Same as province or territory of residence	260	155	105	39,050	18,720	20,330
Different than province or territory of residence	105	55	45	2,705	1,275	1,430
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	10	20	6,590	3,565	3,025
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	895	475	425
Philippines	20	0	20	365	100	265
India	0	0	0	1,060	580	485
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,180	765	410
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	195	80	120
France	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other	15	10	0	2,870	1,550	1,320
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	725	375	350	70,375	34,735	35,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	205	215	31,490	16,095	15,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	305	170	135	38,880	18,635	20,245
Location of study inside Canada	275	165	115	34,065	16,175	17,890
Same as province or territory of residence	200	125	75	31,900	15,130	16,765
Different than province or territory of residence	75	35	40	2,165	1,045	1,120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	10	20	4,820	2,465	2,355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	725	370	355
Philippines	25	0	15	320	85	235
India	0	0	0	865	445	415
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	600	370	230
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	170	65	105
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	10	0	10	2,120	1,115	1,010
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,045	550	495	104,030	50,970	53,065
In the labour force	740	410	325	71,880	37,680	34,200
Employed	685	380	305	67,305	35,395	31,905
Unemployed	60	35	20	4,575	2,280	2,295
Not in the labour force	310	135	170	32,150	13,285	18,865
Participation rate	70.8	74.5	65.7	69.1	73.9	64.4
Employment rate	65.6	69.1	61.6	64.7	69.4	60.1
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.5	6.2	6.4	6.1	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,050	550	500	104,030	50,965	53,065
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	300	125	170	30,665	12,690	17,975
Worked	750	420	325	73,370	38,275	35,095
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	365	220	145	41,685	23,895	17,790
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	385	205	185	31,685	14,385	17,300
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.7	42.1	44.0	44.7	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	740	415	330	71,880	37,680	34,200
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,235	600	640
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	70,640	37,085	33,560
Employee	700	390	315	64,970	33,600	31,375
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	25	15	10	5,670	3,480	2,185
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	740	415	325	71,885	37,680	34,200
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	1,240	595	640
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	70,645	37,080	33,560
0 Management occupations	45	20	20	7,205	4,480	2,725
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	95	20	75	10,370	2,945	7,425
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	4,405	3,470	940
3 Health occupations	35	10	30	3,490	415	3,070
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	20	6,070	1,705	4,365
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	1,580	695	885
6 Sales and service occupations	195	60	135	16,790	6,460	10,330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	225	205	25	11,860	11,020	835
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	15	10	1,000	775	225
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	40	0	7,865	5,115	2,755
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	740	415	330	71,880	37,680	34,200
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	1,240	600	635
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	730	410	325	70,645	37,085	33,560
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	25	0	525	290	230
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	10	135	115	20
22 Utilities	0	10	0	340	285	60
23 Construction	115	100	10	5,120	4,510	605
31-33 Manufacturing	65	60	0	14,455	9,995	4,460
41 Wholesale trade	25	20	10	3,590	2,445	1,145
44-45 Retail trade	95	40	50	8,525	3,755	4,770
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	30	15	3,755	2,680	1,075
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	1,360	725	635
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	2,790	900	1,890
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	1,245	670	575
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	10	15	4,150	2,125	2,025
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	145	80	65
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	20	30	2,890	1,645	1,240
61 Educational services	15	0	10	3,675	920	2,755
62 Health care and social assistance	55	10	40	6,760	855	5,905
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	10	1,245	675	575
72 Accommodation and food services	65	15	55	4,775	1,720	3,050
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	25	15	2,565	1,305	1,255
91 Public administration	55	10	40	2,600	1,385	1,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	685	375	305	67,310	35,395	31,910
Worked at home	20	0	20	3,140	1,425	1,715
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	195	125	65
No fixed workplace address	120	90	30	6,615	4,995	1,620
Worked at usual place	540	290	255	57,365	28,850	28,510
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	545	290	250	57,360	28,850	28,510
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	15	35	31,160	14,675	16,490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	35	40	11,410	5,175	6,240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	410	235	175	14,630	8,900	5,735
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	160	105	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	665	375	285	63,975	33,845	30,125
Car, truck, van - as a driver	580	330	250	53,460	28,900	24,565
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	10	20	4,655	2,150	2,495
Public transit	25	25	0	3,035	1,350	1,685
Walked	10	10	0	1,880	825	1,055
Bicycle	0	0	0	410	350	65
Other method	10	0	10	540	265	270
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	665	380	285	63,970	33,850	30,130
Less than 15 minutes	120	45	75	18,575	8,755	9,820
15 to 29 minutes	255	150	105	23,225	11,785	11,445
30 to 44 minutes	115	70	40	11,625	6,480	5,150
45 to 59 minutes	95	65	25	4,840	2,895	1,945
60 minutes and over	75	45	30	5,705	3,935	1,770
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	665	380	290	63,975	33,850	30,130
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	85	45	6,950	5,015	1,935
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	170	125	45	12,775	8,265	4,505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	135	75	65	14,930	7,200	7,730
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	70	25	45	11,015	4,210	6,800
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	10	25	5,490	2,205	3,285
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	130	70	60	12,810	6,945	5,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	790	445	340	75,445	39,255	36,190
Single responses	780	440	340	74,980	39,030	35,950
Official languages	770	440	335	74,630	38,880	35,750
English	770	440	335	74,435	38,840	35,595
French	0	0	0	195	40	155
Non-official languages	0	0	0	350	155	200
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	355	155	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	250	110	140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	0	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	0	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	15	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	110	60	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	100	55	40
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	455	215	240
English and French	10	10	0	140	40	105
English and non-official language	10	0	0	310	185	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	790	450	340	75,445	39,250	36,195
None	790	450	340	73,205	38,245	34,955
English	0	0	0	265	75	185
French	0	0	10	710	285	430
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,220	640	580
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,220	640	585
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	10	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,280	675	610	126,370	62,395	63,980
Non-movers	1,080	555	520	111,230	54,950	56,280
Movers	205	120	85	15,140	7,445	7,700
Non-migrants	50	30	15	9,220	4,535	4,680
Migrants	150	90	65	5,925	2,905	3,020
Internal migrants	150	85	65	5,195	2,585	2,610
Intraprovincial migrants	125	70	60	4,765	2,350	2,420
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	0	425	235	190
External migrants	0	0	0	725	320	405
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,240	640	595	120,460	59,380	61,090
Non-movers	750	375	375	76,180	37,540	38,640
Movers	485	265	225	44,285	21,840	22,445
Non-migrants	90	40	50	26,100	12,845	13,255
Migrants	400	220	170	18,185	8,995	9,190
Internal migrants	390	220	165	16,075	7,980	8,100
Intraprovincial migrants	305	180	125	14,985	7,430	7,555
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	40	1,090	545	550
External migrants	10	0	10	2,110	1,020	1,090

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bruderheim, T [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cambridge, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruderheim, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario