Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Edmonton Zone Alberta [Health region, December 2017]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta  Map : Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,320,798	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,159,644	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.9	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	537,491	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	501,971	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	114.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11,587.10	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,320,795	660,185	660,615	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	243,065	124,300	118,760	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	85,045	43,330	41,715	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	83,675	42,735	40,945	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	74,340	38,240	36,105	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	914,865	462,015	452,850	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	75,625	38,880	36,745	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	92,230	47,030	45,200	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	108,975	55,375	53,605	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	112,210	56,650	55,555	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	100,190	50,740	49,455	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	89,475	45,335	44,140	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	85,450	43,010	42,445	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	90,715	45,325	45,395	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	87,520	43,785	43,730	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	72,475	35,900	36,575	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	162,870	73,865	89,005	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	55,975	27,260	28,720	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	37,505	17,800	19,705	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	27,465	12,570	14,895	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	20,640	8,800	11,835	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	21,285	7,440	13,850	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	13,335	5,190	8,140	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	6,125	1,845	4,280	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,585	360	1,225	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	250	40	210	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.8	18.0	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	69.3	70.0	68.5	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	12.3	11.2	13.5	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.1	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	37.8	37.1	38.5	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	36.3	35.7	37.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	501,970	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	287,595	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	26,885	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	180,535	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	31,165	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	42,805	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,675	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95,715	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	6,960	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	501,975	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	123,635	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	168,720	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	82,470	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	77,085	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	50,060	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,296,660	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,077,735	535,885	541,855	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	627,330	314,900	312,430	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	525,215	263,795	261,425	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	102,115	51,110	51,005	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	450,405	220,985	229,425	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	312,235	173,430	138,810	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	25,370	10,995	14,375	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	65,670	27,000	38,675	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	47,125	9,560	37,570	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	360,690	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	173,160	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	78,630	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	74,790	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	34,110	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	360,690	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	304,660	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	253,615	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	51,035	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	56,035	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	43,465	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	12,565	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	304,660	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	139,080	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	165,575	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	63,075	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	70,325	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	32,170	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	56,030	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	34,075	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	15,550	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	6,405	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	231,890	121,495	110,395	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	501,970	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	336,120	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	129,400	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	206,725	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	11,965	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	153,885	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	123,635	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,250	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	1,189,010	599,745	589,260	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	1,760	775	985	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	95,095	44,795	50,300	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	20,650	8,300	12,355	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	1,252,055	627,795	624,260	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	27,450	14,285	13,165	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	6,890	3,520	3,370	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	20,125	8,020	12,105	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	30,890	16,045	14,850	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.4	2.5	2.3	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,272,330	636,995	635,340	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	956,815	484,040	472,780	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	929,745	469,945	459,800	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	27,070	14,095	12,980	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	315,520	152,955	162,565	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	2,745	1,090	1,655	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	2,155	845	1,305	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	35	10	25	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,010	795	1,215	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	5	5	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	20	10	15	315	125	190
Plains Cree	350	120	230	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	155	65	90	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	1,460	590	865	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	35	60	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	5	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	90	35	55	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	5	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	225	75	145	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	220	75	145	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	5	5	0	190	85	105
Carrier	5	0	5	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	5	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	145	50	95	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	20	10	15	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	40	15	25	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	10	0	5	765	365	400
South Slavey	25	10	10	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	5	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	5	5	75	35	40
Inuit languages	70	20	50	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	40	15	30	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	5	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	30	20	15	465	230	235
Salish languages	5	0	5	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	5	0	5	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	225	105	120	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	65	25	45	1,215	570	635
Stoney	155	75	75	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	5	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	5	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	312,770	151,865	160,910	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	31,260	16,330	14,930	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	130	75	60	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	75	45	30	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	7,910	3,970	3,935	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	245	140	105	805	455	350
Oromo	1,130	580	545	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	6,510	3,235	3,275	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	365	195	170
Semitic languages	23,155	12,245	10,910	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	2,510	1,220	1,295	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	17,520	9,375	8,145	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	40	35	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	25	15	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	170	85	80	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	405	220	185	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	30	10	15	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	2,330	1,225	1,105	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	45	30	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,640	4,445	5,195	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	760	360	405	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	8,870	4,080	4,785	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	42,545	18,510	24,035	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	115	50	60	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	1,945	815	1,130	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	55	35	20	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	535	235	295	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	1,845	780	1,065	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	10	5	5	1,430	665	760
Malay	515	225	290	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	335	155	175	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	110	45	65	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	36,725	16,000	20,725	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	70	35	35	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	130	155	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	1,020	530	485	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	50	30	30	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	615	345	275	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	350	165	190	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	6,790	3,545	3,250	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	205	105	100	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	3,455	1,785	1,675	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	2,170	1,150	1,025	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	935	495	440	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	152,440	75,635	76,805	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	770	415	355	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	165	80	85	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	34,685	16,205	18,485	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	320	140	175	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	145	70	80	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	170	70	95	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	34,365	16,060	18,305	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	35	15	20	810	385	430
Bosnian	715	355	355	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	475	245	225	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	2,010	1,050	960	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	895	435	460	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	180	95	90	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	9,390	4,380	5,005	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	5,730	2,655	3,070	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,825	925	905	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	360	185	180	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	610	300	310	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	290	140	155	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	11,760	5,245	6,525	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	120	75	50	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	50	30	20	1,090	540	550
Welsh	35	25	15	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	530	295	235
Germanic languages	20,980	10,025	10,960	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	565	300	270	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	740	365	375	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	4,105	1,985	2,120	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	95	50	40	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	14,810	7,020	7,790	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	35	10	20	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	210	100	115	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	270	120	155	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	55	30	25	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	525	280	240
Greek	1,075	585	490	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	64,055	32,905	31,155	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	57,435	29,430	28,010	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	2,335	1,230	1,105	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	5,750	2,980	2,770	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	8,410	4,235	4,175	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	20	10	10	565	300	265
Konkani	155	80	75	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	535	275	265	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	1,990	1,040	955	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,785	14,270	13,515	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	940	440	500	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,305	680	630	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	8,140	4,160	3,980	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	6,335	3,320	3,020	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	755	415	335	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	665	350	310	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	4,920	2,555	2,365	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	280	150	130	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	30,580	15,350	15,235	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	25	10	15	865	440	425
Italian	4,915	2,435	2,470	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	4,620	2,260	2,365	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	2,545	1,275	1,270	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	18,465	9,360	9,105	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	720	380	340
Japanese	1,055	340	715	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	70	40	25	1,715	910	805
Georgian	70	35	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	6,335	3,005	3,325	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	80	35	45	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	80	35	45	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	7,320	3,700	3,625	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	890	460	425	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	15	15	5	1,535	815	720
Edo	140	70	70	1,670	770	900
Ewe	125	75	55	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	140	75	65	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	65	40	25	920	445	470
Ganda	210	110	105	1,295	625	665
Igbo	305	165	145	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	160	80	75	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	405	195	205	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	610	305	305	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	565	280	285	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	1,245	605	640	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	130	85	50	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	695	390	310	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,610	765	855	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	750	385	370	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	335	175	160	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	210	205	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	390	190	200	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	180	85	95	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	210	110	105	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,885	22,610	25,275	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	47,180	22,240	24,945	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	22,675	10,590	12,085	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	625	290	335	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	19,925	9,465	10,460	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	70	30	40	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,265	580	685	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	235	120	120	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,370	1,165	1,205	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	705	375	330	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	140	75	70	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	435	235	200	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	25	15	10	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,025	380	640	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	380	190	195	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	625	185	435	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	80	35	55
Turkic languages	2,080	1,165	915	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	120	75	45	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,740	970	770	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	60	35	25	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	110	60	45	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	1,855	885	975	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	45	20	25	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	225	95	135	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,590	770	820	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	230	135	100	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	34,180	16,625	17,560	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	3,920	1,920	1,995	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	28,420	13,785	14,635	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	1,230	610	620	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	620	310	305	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,234,645	618,560	616,080	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,060,670	533,075	527,590	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,049,730	527,480	522,250	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	10,935	5,595	5,340	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	173,975	85,480	88,490	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	540	240	300	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	455	210	245	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	10	0	5	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	420	190	230	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	15	5	5	110	55	60
Plains Cree	55	25	30	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	330	140	190
Woods Cree	20	5	10	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	325	145	185	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	15	10	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	25	15	10	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	25	5	15	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	5	20	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	10	5	10	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	5	0	5	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	5	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	40	15	20	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	20	10	10	255	140	120
Stoney	25	10	15	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	173,435	85,235	88,195	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,330	10,315	10,020	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	95	45	50	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	50	25	25	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	5,850	2,930	2,920	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	210	120	90	620	330	285
Oromo	885	455	435	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	4,740	2,350	2,390	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	185	85	95
Semitic languages	14,370	7,325	7,040	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	1,700	805	890	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	10,595	5,450	5,145	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	115	55	60	735	335	400
Hebrew	185	95	95	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	5	5	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	1,655	855	795	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,250	2,885	3,365	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	180	205	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	5,860	2,700	3,160	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	22,800	10,715	12,080	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	10	5	5	290	140	155
Cebuano	810	390	420	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	30	15	10	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	195	85	110	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	605	290	315	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	10	5	5	435	220	210
Malay	135	65	70	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	130	60	65	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	25	10	15	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20,760	9,745	11,020	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	10	0	5	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	565	285	280	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	380	200	180	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	4,420	2,280	2,140	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	80	40	45	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	2,330	1,195	1,130	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,445	760	680	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	560	280	280	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	5	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	75,435	37,855	37,580	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	370	195	175	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	75	35	35	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	12,805	6,240	6,570	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	120	55	65	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	55	25	30	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	65	35	40	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	12,685	6,180	6,505	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	10	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	300	155	150	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	290	145	145	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	895	455	440	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	255	135	120	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	90	45	40	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	3,805	1,790	2,015	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	3,260	1,615	1,645	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	1,005	500	500	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	60	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	170	85	90	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	35	30	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	2,395	1,150	1,250	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	670	310	360
Celtic languages	10	5	5	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	185	105	80
Welsh	5	0	5	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	3,080	1,510	1,570	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	295	150	140	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	40	20	20	855	410	445
Dutch	275	135	140	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	0	0	185	95	90
German	2,360	1,150	1,205	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	20	5	10	270	120	150
Norwegian	15	5	10	345	145	200
Swedish	70	30	40	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	355	170	185
Yiddish	5	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	1,625	820	810
Greek	375	190	190	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	43,140	21,900	21,240	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	39,005	19,815	19,190	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,455	755	705	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	3,655	1,850	1,800	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	5,095	2,600	2,495	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	5	0	135	70	70
Konkani	40	20	15	720	355	370
Marathi	335	170	165	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	1,395	730	670	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	20	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20,655	10,505	10,145	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	460	230	235	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	785	405	380	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	5,095	2,530	2,570	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	4,020	2,035	1,985	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	375	200	175	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	430	230	200	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	3,220	1,610	1,610	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	15,580	7,785	7,800	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	10	5	10	355	165	190
Italian	1,405	635	770	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,915	915	1,005	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	1,355	675	685	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	10,880	5,550	5,330	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	180	85	95
Japanese	475	190	285	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	55	30	25	1,040	565	475
Georgian	55	30	25	1,035	565	475
Korean	4,570	2,245	2,325	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	50	25	30	910	440	470
Mongolian	50	20	25	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	2,945	1,420	1,530	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	445	210	235	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	35	20	15	415	175	240
Ewe	40	20	15	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	30	25	825	400	425
Ga	20	10	5	250	105	140
Ganda	80	35	45	345	160	185
Igbo	80	35	45	1,000	485	510
Lingala	40	15	25	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	195	90	105	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	150	140	1,530	670	865
Shona	220	100	120	1,035	475	560
Swahili	585	275	310	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	90	50	40	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	280	145	135	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	495	230	270	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	370	185	180	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	200	110	90	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	165	75	90	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	475	270	210	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	195	105	90	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	285	165	120	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,305	15,330	16,975	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	31,770	15,050	16,720	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	14,700	6,795	7,900	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	215	95	120	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	14,725	7,150	7,575	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	15	5	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	550	235	315	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	120	60	60	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,445	705	735	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	540	280	255	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	95	55	45	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	365	195	165	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	25	10	10	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	480	220	260	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	185	90	95	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	285	125	155	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	30	15	15
Turkic languages	1,310	700	610	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	55	30	25	1,245	640	610
Turkish	1,135	605	535	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	35	20	15	610	315	290
Uzbek	75	40	30	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	455	230	225
Uralic languages	505	240	270	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	5	0	0	975	365	610
Finnish	30	10	20	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	475	230	250	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	71,875	35,060	36,815	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	2,765	1,370	1,390	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	67,190	32,750	34,435	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	585	280	305	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	1,340	655	680	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,306,520	653,620	652,895	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	1,111,780	558,745	553,035	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	79,250	39,670	39,585	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	14,795	6,915	7,880	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	97,020	46,425	50,595	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	2,560	1,070	1,495	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	94,455	45,355	49,105	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	685	350	335	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	1,870	975	895	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	1,060	515	550	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	50	25	20	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,054,130	525,280	528,855	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,003,805	500,705	503,100	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,863	55,929	34,264	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,004,045	500,740	503,300	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,871	47,810	31,283	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	933,245	477,470	455,775	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,476	55,515	33,195	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	594,270	239,340	354,935	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,924	3,483	4,106	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	815,700	427,895	387,800	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,532	56,006	34,864	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,004,450	500,870	503,575	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,744	76,680	44,894	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,004,710	500,915	503,795	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,474	60,924	38,090	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	933,270	477,175	456,100	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,819	76,898	43,997	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	594,040	239,110	354,925	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,161	7,164	7,158	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	815,740	426,890	388,850	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,572	71,023	42,804	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,054,240	525,440	528,800	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	382,020	219,290	162,735	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,025	74,939	55,025	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,395	90,554	62,010	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	93.0	95.6	88.8	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.1	79.3	73.3	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	7.0	4.4	11.2	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,054,130	525,275	528,850	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	50,325	24,570	25,750	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	1,003,805	500,705	503,100	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.3	95.1	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	123,520	46,605	76,915	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	124,760	47,255	77,500	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	116,970	45,165	71,805	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	98,980	42,010	56,970	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	95,630	43,785	51,845	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	85,640	42,155	43,485	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	71,790	39,345	32,445	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	58,070	34,695	23,375	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	46,225	28,845	17,380	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	39,770	24,760	15,010	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	142,450	106,080	36,365	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	92,950	66,420	26,530	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	49,500	39,660	9,840	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,054,130	525,275	528,855	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	50,090	24,535	25,555	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	1,004,045	500,740	503,300	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.3	95.2	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	126,410	47,375	79,040	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	130,580	49,605	80,975	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	135,275	52,940	82,330	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	124,025	55,055	68,970	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	119,190	57,965	61,225	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	96,760	53,160	43,600	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	72,300	44,055	28,245	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	55,645	35,025	20,620	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	143,855	105,565	38,290	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	41,995	27,750	14,240	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	27,745	19,800	7,945	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	74,115	58,015	16,100	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,054,130	525,275	528,855	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	238,430	97,380	141,055	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	815,695	427,900	387,800	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	77.4	81.5	73.3	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	82,855	36,745	46,105	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	53,060	21,780	31,280	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	88,985	36,695	52,290	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	75,155	30,810	44,350	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	73,685	32,490	41,195	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	74,125	34,405	39,715	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	69,050	34,240	34,810	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	57,885	32,255	25,630	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	48,360	29,695	18,665	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	192,540	138,785	53,755	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	39,285	25,205	14,085	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	35,505	22,325	13,175	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	117,750	91,255	26,495	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	501,970	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,355	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,505	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	123,635	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,049	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,311	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	378,335	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,995	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,857	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	502,060	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	121,529	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	99,007	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	123,690	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,866	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,474	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	378,365	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	141,033	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,873	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	501,970	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	7,135	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,390	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,095	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,695	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	16,045	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,680	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,415	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,720	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	14,900	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,225	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	31,275	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,785	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,900	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	29,300	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	28,285	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	235,130	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,070	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	48,995	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	62,940	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	61,125	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	501,970	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	7,570	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,480	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,260	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,175	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	17,170	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	14,460	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	16,075	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	17,890	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,810	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,570	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	39,775	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	38,625	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,315	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35,450	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,955	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	185,390	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65,355	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45,270	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	74,765	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	356,810	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,934	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,875	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	126,620	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,151	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,064	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	166,145	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,167	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,331	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	51,190	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,343	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,824	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	356,630	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	141,143	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,678	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	126,570	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	137,030	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,179	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	166,185	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	164,660	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,319	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	51,055	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,853	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,410	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	195,665	104,485	91,175	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	43,116	48,086	38,131	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	37,996	41,505	34,405	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	195,635	104,545	91,090	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	54,583	59,952	48,422	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	45,030	48,557	40,981	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,296,660	649,275	647,385	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	481,445	231,695	249,755	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	92,925	45,300	47,620	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	85,750	39,065	46,685	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	91,555	43,390	48,165	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	100,225	48,910	51,315	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	110,990	55,020	55,970	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	815,215	417,580	397,630	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	121,525	60,450	61,080	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	134,230	67,730	66,500	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	153,050	78,340	74,710	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	182,080	93,525	88,555	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	224,325	117,535	106,790	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,292,270	647,070	645,200	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	285,085	145,930	139,155	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	101,160	51,565	49,595	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	859,530	432,130	427,395	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	147,655	69,005	78,650	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	120,135	56,485	63,655	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	37,720	19,320	18,395	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	14,285	7,305	6,975	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	70,965	32,985	37,975	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	11,450	4,180	7,280	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.7	9.9	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.2	13.2	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.2	14.1	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	7.6	8.9	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	7.8	6.1	9.3	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	103,480	50,325	53,150	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	29,125	14,860	14,265	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	11,110	5,670	5,440	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	68,810	33,340	35,470	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	5,540	2,125	3,420	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.8	8.2	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.3	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	11.0	11.0	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.7	8.3	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	3.8	3.1	4.3	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,296,805	649,300	647,500	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,276,450	641,135	635,315	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,274,775	640,415	634,360	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	96,015	45,005	51,005	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	397,995	193,525	204,475	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	4,955	2,070	2,890	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	4,155	1,665	2,485	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	40	10	35	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,970	1,595	2,380	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	20	0	15	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	10	0	15	545	225	320
Plains Cree	960	365	600	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	30	15	15	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	255	125	135	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	2,695	1,090	1,605	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	180	65	115	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	170	60	110	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	320	135	195	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	320	130	190	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	10	340	180	165
Carrier	30	0	20	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	10	10	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	215	80	130	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	45	20	20	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	35	20	10	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	15	15	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	10	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	10	0	10	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	10	10	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	65	30	35	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	15	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	30	10	20	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	10	10	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	10	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	50	25	25	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	30	15	15	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	10	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	10	10	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	385	205	175	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	115	65	50	1,760	870	890
Stoney	280	150	130	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	20	0	10	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	15	0	10	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	10	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	393,185	191,525	201,655	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,805	23,225	21,580	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	210	105	100	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	85	50	40	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	120	60	65	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	9,795	4,985	4,810	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	240	140	100	1,085	625	470
Oromo	1,210	645	560	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	8,400	4,220	4,180	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	480	220	265
Semitic languages	35,980	18,760	17,215	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	4,085	2,080	2,010	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	28,255	14,875	13,380	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	40	30	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	15	10	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	235	95	140	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,460	760	700	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	75	35	40	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	3,130	1,590	1,545	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	85	70	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	12,860	6,000	6,860	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	530	570	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	11,805	5,500	6,305	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	53,390	23,370	30,015	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	75	40	40	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	2,500	1,115	1,390	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	145	85	60	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	515	215	300	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	2,415	1,020	1,400	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	15	10	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	1,240	560	680	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	515	240	275	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	175	70	105	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50,665	22,120	28,550	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	105	30	70	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	420	175	245	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	2,150	1,150	1,000	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	115	65	55	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	1,285	710	580	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	770	385	385	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	8,935	4,710	4,225	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	385	185	195	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	4,550	2,345	2,205	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	3,165	1,725	1,445	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	1,365	730	630	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	25	15	15	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	195,225	96,920	98,305	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	885	490	395	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	200	80	125	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	40,035	18,880	21,150	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	540	255	290	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	250	120	125	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	295	135	165	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	39,710	18,730	20,975	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	110	60	55	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,135	550	590	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	540	270	270	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	2,815	1,555	1,265	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,045	445	600	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	225	105	125	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	11,315	5,555	5,760	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	9,225	4,350	4,875	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,480	1,200	1,280	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	440	215	225	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	760	405	355	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	285	140	145	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	14,380	6,220	8,160	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	430	240	190	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	155	70	90	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	100	65	40	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	110	75	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	28,630	14,115	14,515	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	1,215	605	615	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	780	375	405	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	4,835	2,335	2,500	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	100	65	30	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	21,070	10,550	10,520	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	55	20	35	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	455	195	255	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	580	270	310	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	50	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	70	40	35	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	1,585	785	790	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	79,025	40,725	38,305	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	72,275	37,165	35,110	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	2,815	1,485	1,330	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	7,515	3,745	3,770	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	27,465	14,320	13,145	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	55	30	25	905	490	420
Konkani	165	75	90	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	845	465	375	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,970	1,065	905	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	100	55	45	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	36,195	18,670	17,525	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	1,740	800	935	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,825	935	885	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	12,280	6,370	5,910	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	7,260	3,805	3,455	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	855	515	335	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	810	440	365	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	5,815	2,990	2,825	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	475	265	210	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	49,065	23,990	25,075	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	75	40	35	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	8,385	4,190	4,200	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	6,100	3,005	3,095	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	3,015	1,545	1,465	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	33,215	16,055	17,155	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	45	45	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,540	1,105	1,435	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	60	25	35	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	60	25	40	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	7,195	3,395	3,805	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	145	65	80	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	145	60	85	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	13,245	6,720	6,520	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	1,440	710	725	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	40	20	15	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	285	140	145	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	155	85	75	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	160	80	80	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	195	105	95	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	430	205	220	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	605	330	275	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	750	370	380	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	600	285	315	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	910	480	430	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	1,025	500	525	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	3,535	1,860	1,670	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	220	135	90	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	1,600	835	770	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,300	1,615	1,685	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	940	465	475	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	570	265	305	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	370	200	170	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	2,720	1,060	1,660	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	1,535	560	980	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,190	495	695	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	55,160	26,595	28,565	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	54,310	26,145	28,160	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	28,750	13,715	15,040	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	700	310	395	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	28,215	13,450	14,760	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	30	10	15	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,610	720	890	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	255	125	140	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,410	1,205	1,205	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	875	455	415	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	240	125	115	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	475	245	230	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	45	25	20	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	175	100	80	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,315	525	795	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	580	270	310	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	835	275	560	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,910	1,615	1,295	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	250	135	115	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	2,380	1,335	1,040	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	145	65	75	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	145	75	70	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,325	1,120	1,205	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	40	25	10	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	415	165	245	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,875	925	950	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	705	400	305	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,296,800	649,300	647,505	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,162,395	582,770	579,625	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	264,605	135,390	129,215	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	897,785	447,375	450,410	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	134,410	66,535	67,875	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,296,805	649,305	647,500	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	959,790	483,675	476,115	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	308,625	150,855	157,770	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	61,205	30,580	30,630	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	34,045	16,645	17,405	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	46,800	21,960	24,845	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	88,080	43,325	44,755	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	36,495	17,840	18,655	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	51,585	25,485	26,100	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	78,490	38,350	40,140	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	28,385	14,770	13,615	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	308,625	150,855	157,770	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	29,380	15,185	14,195	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	53,470	27,775	25,695	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	63,380	29,060	34,320	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	137,065	67,050	70,010	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	25,335	11,785	13,550	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	308,625	150,855	157,770	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	31,630	15,195	16,435	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	805	330	475	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	2,610	1,305	1,300	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	3,050	1,555	1,500	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,410	625	785	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	545	305	240	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	2,800	1,265	1,535	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	2,450	1,235	1,215	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	555	215	335	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,630	800	830	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,625	4,025	4,600	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	7,170	3,540	3,635	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	65,685	32,675	33,005	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,940	990	950	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,435	770	660	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	775	350	430	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	7,165	3,570	3,590	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	655	370	285	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	975	480	490	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,525	815	710	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	3,520	1,900	1,625	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	3,825	2,025	1,795	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	8,020	3,875	4,145	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	2,575	1,270	1,305	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	2,330	1,180	1,155	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	2,305	985	1,325	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	880	390	490	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	3,770	1,655	2,120	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	16,880	8,610	8,265	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	7,110	3,445	3,670	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	37,190	19,235	17,955	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	380	195	185	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	2,055	1,155	895	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	4,015	2,045	1,965	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	2,000	1,025	970	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	805	500	305	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	3,255	1,735	1,525	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	4,590	2,255	2,335	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	2,250	1,070	1,180	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	17,840	9,250	8,585	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	169,875	81,635	88,240	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	1,495	770	720	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	1,615	810	810	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	19,710	9,025	10,685	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	7,355	3,555	3,800	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	38,830	19,850	18,980	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,720	1,440	1,280	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	2,100	1,145	960	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	690	195	495	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	5,000	2,350	2,650	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	5,050	2,750	2,295	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	8,255	4,245	4,010	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	45,360	19,890	25,465	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	2,120	1,055	1,070	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,015	1,090	920	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	1,030	450	585	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	10,420	4,870	5,555	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	16,130	8,165	7,965	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	4,240	2,110	2,135	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	78,490	38,350	40,140	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	5,880	2,765	3,115	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	270	110	155	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	580	235	340	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	250	115	135	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	175	100	80	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	685	295	395	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	975	505	470	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,485	675	810	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	85	140	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	1,230	640	590	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	7,300	3,745	3,560	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	110	55	50	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	520	295	225	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	535	330	200	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	210	85	120	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	375	175	200	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	440	165	275	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	905	420	490	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	1,850	1,030	820	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	2,370	1,185	1,180	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	11,805	5,980	5,825	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	40	15	30	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	370	180	195	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	530	245	280	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	285	130	155	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	750	415	335	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	990	515	470	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	1,220	630	595	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	250	150	100	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	1,565	835	730	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	1,390	685	705	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	500	250	250	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	155	75	80	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	3,760	1,860	1,895	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	52,780	25,485	27,295	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	225	120	105	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	555	265	285	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	3,680	1,650	2,030	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	310	115	200	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	13,565	7,090	6,475	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	890	480	410	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	705	360	345	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	250	135	115	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	195	60	130	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,500	745	750	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	785	400	385	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	1,095	580	515	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	1,985	995	990	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	21,470	9,795	11,680	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	380	210	165	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	760	365	400	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,390	740	645	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	130	40	90	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	220	130	90	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	305	170	140	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	760	295	460	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	1,635	750	885	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	725	380	345	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	275	145	130	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	450	235	215	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,296,805	649,305	647,500	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	343,900	169,135	174,765	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	256,445	128,720	127,725	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	696,455	351,445	345,010	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	252,295	122,765	129,525	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	135,780	68,720	67,060	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	55,155	34,170	20,985	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	80,625	34,550	46,075	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	72,520	30,015	42,505	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	42,330	23,155	19,175	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,665	875	790	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,296,800	649,305	647,500	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	76,110	36,075	40,030	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	74,330	35,270	39,060	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	33,820	15,730	18,090	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	39,395	18,960	20,435	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	1,115	585	535	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,075	505	575	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	700	295	400	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,220,695	613,225	607,470	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,296,800	649,300	647,500	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	29,560	13,535	16,025	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,267,240	635,765	631,480	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,296,805	649,300	647,505	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	23,305	10,870	12,435	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	22,255	10,395	11,860	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	15,960	7,435	8,525	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	6,010	2,830	3,180	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	280	135	145	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,055	475	580	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	970	430	535	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	50	25	20	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	15	15	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,395	31,975	34,420	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	62,870	30,440	32,435	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	34,190	16,430	17,765	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	27,690	13,460	14,235	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	985	550	440	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,525	1,535	1,985	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,260	1,420	1,845	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	65	75	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	45	65	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,207,105	606,460	600,645	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,296,805	649,300	647,505	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	363,920	180,585	183,335	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	91,415	47,195	44,225	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	60,205	29,265	30,935	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	57,815	29,680	28,140	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	61,005	27,520	33,480	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	18,760	9,525	9,235	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	25,470	13,590	11,880	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	17,255	8,260	8,995	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	6,750	3,480	3,270	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	7,605	3,640	3,965	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	2,470	980	1,495	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	4,040	1,915	2,120	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	11,130	5,525	5,605	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	932,885	468,720	464,165	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,296,805	649,300	647,500	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	89,700	42,840	46,855	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	54,590	25,810	28,780	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	1,615	845	770	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	38,090	18,200	19,890	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	281,520	143,300	138,225	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	1,905	1,090	820	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	20,080	9,700	10,380	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	266,165	135,565	130,600	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	20	15	10	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	560	310	245	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	80	50	30	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	15	10	10	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	495	280	215	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	45	1,895	950	945
European origins	814,100	405,805	408,290	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	470,195	234,675	235,520	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	70	20	45	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	75	50	30	1,975	995	975
English	258,190	127,605	130,590	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	185,935	90,225	95,710	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	275	125	150	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	208,275	103,075	105,200	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	24,700	11,960	12,745	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	28,175	13,750	14,425	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	142,900	69,465	73,430	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	85	45	35	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	35	20	15	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	90	50	40	1,750	950	805
French	142,765	69,390	73,375	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	274,300	135,440	138,860	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	13,775	6,555	7,220	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	45	20	25	940	485	455
Belgian	7,050	3,415	3,635	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	57,420	28,265	29,155	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	730	315	420	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	145	90	55	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	213,150	105,125	108,020	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	205	110	95	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	6,225	3,180	3,045	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	175	70	105	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	93,650	45,015	48,630	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	15,700	7,500	8,190	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	5,315	2,640	2,675	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	5,355	2,760	2,595	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	43,555	20,880	22,670	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	29,435	13,455	15,980	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	4,195	2,090	2,110	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	253,620	122,920	130,700	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	905	465	440	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	1,065	585	485	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	6,110	3,020	3,090	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	3,000	1,455	1,545	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	660	305	360	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	14,535	7,070	7,460	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,225	565	660	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,035	1,005	1,030	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	375	170	205	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	72,770	35,305	37,465	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	11,585	5,630	5,955	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	28,300	13,440	14,860	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	3,220	1,515	1,705	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	159,840	77,285	82,560	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	615	315	295	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	77,100	38,655	38,450	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	805	445	360	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,535	770	765	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	30	30	10	1,280	740	535
Croatian	5,275	2,905	2,370	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	65	40	20	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	5,005	2,575	2,425	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	33,810	17,180	16,630	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	175	90	85	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	400	200	200	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	495	260	235	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	105	70	40	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	10,705	5,450	5,245	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	3,415	1,665	1,750	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	90	45	50	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,380	720	655	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	16,620	7,625	8,995	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,685	825	855	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	60	35	25	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	7,305	3,870	3,430	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	120	60	65	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	3,680	2,005	1,675	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	110	50	60	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	290	140	145	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,135	1,635	1,505	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	15,230	7,605	7,630	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	130	65	60	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	105	70	35	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	860	425	435	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	45	30	15	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	50	25	25	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	965	515	450	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	360	185	175	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	340	180	165	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	880	505	375	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	7,460	3,670	3,790	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	10	20	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	0	0	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	20	0	20	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	100	45	55	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	230	120	110	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,470	1,275	1,195	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	50	95	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,090	525	565	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	920	450	470	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,525	12,250	12,270	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	770	335	435	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	15	15	0	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	385	220	170	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	55	35	20	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	85	35	50	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	965	460	510	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	3,935	1,965	1,965	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	3,575	1,760	1,810	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	150	75	70	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	300	150	150	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	700	375	330	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,610	770	845	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	760	395	360	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	180	110	70	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	230	115	115	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	5,110	2,655	2,460	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	510	265	245	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	105	50	50	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	25	20	10	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	865	420	450	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	3,980	2,000	1,980	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	135	85	50	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	710	330	380	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,080	550	530	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	59,330	30,555	28,770	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	12,940	6,815	6,120	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	25	15	10	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	125	70	50	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	35	25	15	1,585	855	735
Beninese	35	25	15	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	70	45	30	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	780	385	390	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	10	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	2,275	1,195	1,080	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	210	125	80	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	55	30	25	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	40	25	10	975	495	475
Ghanaian	2,110	1,095	1,010	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	285	150	135	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	385	215	170	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	405	215	185	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	650	305	340	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	35	15	20	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	70	40	30	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	3,570	1,850	1,720	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	65	40	25	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	250	155	90	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	470	250	220	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	50	20	30	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	20	10	10	840	495	345
Yoruba	830	420	405	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	880	495	380	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	9,230	4,840	4,395	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	500	230	270	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	240	155	85	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	95	45	50	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	200	105	95	900	500	400
Egyptian	3,355	1,775	1,580	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	590	300	290	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	35	20	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	1,190	640	550	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	2,745	1,445	1,295	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	375	180	190	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	235	115	125	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	27,415	14,115	13,300	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	80	45	30	1,870	955	915
Amhara	185	95	90	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	410	230	185	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	695	380	310	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	155	85	70	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	3,475	1,790	1,690	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	5,325	2,670	2,655	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	120	60	55	665	355	305
Kenyan	970	505	460	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	50	30	15	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	205	110	100	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	555	355	205	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	1,125	600	530	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	0	10	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	9,805	4,995	4,805	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,775	890	880	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	470	300	175	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	255	130	125	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	655	355	300	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	95	50	45	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	1,380	690	690	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	175	75	95	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,510	770	740	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	10,970	5,470	5,505	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,200	610	585	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,955	4,950	5,005	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	288,660	141,975	146,680	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40,165	21,075	19,090	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	2,485	1,310	1,180	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,415	2,405	2,015	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	625	310	310	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	160	70	85	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	300	150	150	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	95	45	50	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	100	55	45	1,515	810	705
Iranian	4,630	2,375	2,250	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	2,065	1,085	980	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	705	365	345	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	635	320	320	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	105	50	55	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	1,065	600	465	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	115	55	60	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	30	15	10	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	15,075	7,820	7,265	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	2,905	1,605	1,295	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	235	105	130	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	195	95	100	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	3,015	1,545	1,470	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	65	40	20	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	135	55	85	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,755	1,520	1,235	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	50	15	30	1,040	540	500
Uighur	100	50	45	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	175	85	90	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	255	130	125	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	885	495	390	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	91,600	47,185	44,415	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	1,450	715	730	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	610	345	270	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	80	45	30	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	72,250	37,095	35,150	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	85	40	40	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	480	250	230	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	105	55	50	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	1,840	990	850	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	8,380	4,330	4,050	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	6,270	3,320	2,955	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	270	155	115	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,330	1,175	1,145	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	480	250	230	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,945	1,010	940	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	158,390	74,440	83,945	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	450	235	215	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,565	805	765	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	71,945	34,655	37,290	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	64,220	29,110	35,110	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	950	455	500	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	3,635	1,560	2,070	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	395	225	170	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	8,000	3,825	4,180	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	765	395	370	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	1,465	670	795	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	350	155	190	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	150	75	80	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	665	290	375	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	1,035	375	660	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	40	25	15	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	14,175	6,825	7,355	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	370	190	175	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	945	505	440	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	945	500	435	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	4,955	2,555	2,400	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,940	1,015	920	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	700	385	320	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	2,435	1,215	1,215	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	1,905	930	975	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	150	70	75	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	200	105	90	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	60	25	30	1,530	725	805
Samoan	60	40	20	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	70	50	20	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	502,060	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	349,430	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	151,765	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	865	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	502,060	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	99,565	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	402,490	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	502,060	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	2,635	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	56,300	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	107,765	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	177,390	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	157,970	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	502,055	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	136,545	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	77,035	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	71,100	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	63,270	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	154,110	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	502,055	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	490,135	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	11,925	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	502,055	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	475,130	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	26,930	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	502,060	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	61,430	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	153,795	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	61,085	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	59,650	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	48,040	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	56,925	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	61,135	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	502,060	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	474,860	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	27,200	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	502,060	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	283,625	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	200,125	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	18,300	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	502,055	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	19,675	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	97,135	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	100,360	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	99,665	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	92,545	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	54,380	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	28,505	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	9,795	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	496,330	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	387,505	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	108,825	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	94,860	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	346,850	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	65.0	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.1	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,535	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,557	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,942	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	437,538	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	151,560	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.3	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	37.8	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,254	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,291	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	162,550	82,800	79,745	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	295,890	144,360	151,530	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	595,795	298,280	297,520	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	103,780	83,310	20,470	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	29,175	17,715	11,460	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	74,605	65,590	9,010	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	202,420	84,750	117,670	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,000	13,480	20,525	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255,600	116,740	138,855	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	177,195	76,745	100,450	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,920	6,295	7,625	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,045	4,340	3,705	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	45,905	22,695	23,220	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	10,530	6,670	3,855	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	740,350	370,655	369,695	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	72,100	38,890	33,210	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	183,535	90,730	92,805	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	484,715	241,030	243,675	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80,435	65,485	14,945	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	21,380	13,410	7,970	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	59,045	52,075	6,975	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,095	69,130	94,970	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,380	10,580	15,800	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	213,805	95,840	117,965	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	147,835	63,425	84,410	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,820	4,760	6,055	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,835	3,455	3,380	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	40,005	19,160	20,850	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,310	5,040	3,270	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	458,440	227,155	231,280	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	42,060	10,670	31,395	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	42,060	10,670	31,395	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,040	7,435	9,605	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,285	2,265	1,020	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	13,755	5,175	8,585	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	24,100	9,995	14,100	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,725	780	1,945	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	5,150	1,615	3,530	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,485	2,785	4,700	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	30	40	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,705	1,015	690	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,440	1,985	1,455	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	2,950	1,655	1,295	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	570	125	445	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	54,225	18,015	36,210	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	905	200	705	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,335	2,245	3,090	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,430	780	8,655	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	10,120	3,335	6,785	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	740	245	490	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	10,480	2,965	7,510	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	17,210	8,240	8,970	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	118,515	44,895	73,625	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	55	150	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,005	1,470	5,530	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	111,305	43,370	67,935	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,940	13,130	12,800	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,150	4,450	5,700	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,235	2,785	3,450	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	145	25	120	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	7,390	4,950	2,440	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,020	920	1,095	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,490	13,180	8,315	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	16,960	11,305	5,655	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	1,800	240	1,560	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,585	1,535	1,050	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	145	90	55	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	156,315	141,560	14,750	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	4,040	2,635	1,405	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	34,310	28,075	6,235	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	29,305	25,610	3,695	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	36,945	35,450	1,495	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30,840	29,835	1,000	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	20,865	19,955	910	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,595	6,280	4,310	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,630	3,805	2,820	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,965	2,475	1,485	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	95,020	18,435	76,580	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,935	2,765	3,165	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	86,470	14,185	72,285	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,615	1,485	1,130	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,450	14,645	15,805	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	18,050	4,955	13,095	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	10	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	330	290	35	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	6,470	4,210	2,255	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,555	5,140	410	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	50	30	25	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	25	30	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	740,345	370,655	369,695	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	255,635	129,625	126,015	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	31,215	7,405	23,805	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	31,215	7,405	23,805	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,720	5,935	7,780	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,490	1,715	780	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	11,225	4,225	7,000	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	19,490	7,945	11,545	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,285	635	1,650	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	4,170	1,285	2,880	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,250	2,295	3,955	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	60	30	25	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,390	825	565	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,610	1,520	1,085	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	2,315	1,270	1,045	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	420	80	345	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45,735	14,800	30,935	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	770	175	600	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,640	1,895	2,740	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,785	640	7,145	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	8,800	2,600	6,200	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	595	210	385	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	8,495	2,340	6,160	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	14,650	6,940	7,715	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	98,705	37,170	61,535	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	175	45	130	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,830	1,140	4,690	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	92,705	35,995	56,710	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,295	9,965	10,330	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	8,055	3,440	4,620	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,680	2,095	2,585	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	150	30	115	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	5,870	3,755	2,110	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,550	650	895	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,875	11,630	7,240	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,340	10,225	5,115	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	1,420	205	1,220	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,000	1,140	865	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	110	65	40	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,195	114,335	12,850	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	3,270	2,040	1,230	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	29,250	23,705	5,545	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,975	20,855	3,120	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	29,835	28,520	1,315	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	24,205	23,345	855	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	16,645	15,860	785	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,400	4,745	3,655	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,675	2,370	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,350	2,070	1,280	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	76,635	15,120	61,515	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,860	2,295	2,565	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	69,550	11,635	57,915	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,225	1,195	1,035	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,405	11,940	12,465	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	14,155	3,955	10,195	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	45	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	190	30	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	5,415	3,475	1,935	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,570	4,270	300	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	45	25	15	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	25	20	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	458,440	227,155	231,280	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	595,795	298,280	297,520	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	477,645	240,585	237,060	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	380,785	191,290	189,495	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	96,865	49,300	47,565	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	118,150	57,695	60,460	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,945	6,725	5,210	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	25,450	9,875	15,575	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	18,415	9,370	9,050	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	8,035	4,605	3,430	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,160	2,845	3,315	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	635	385	245	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	47,515	23,885	23,630	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	740,345	370,655	369,695	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255,635	129,625	126,015	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	484,715	241,030	243,680	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	384,315	193,000	191,320	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	305,860	153,300	152,560	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	78,455	39,700	38,760	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	100,395	48,035	52,360	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	9,075	4,925	4,150	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	23,490	9,030	14,460	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	16,315	8,155	8,155	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,440	3,145	2,295	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	5,380	2,465	2,915	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	550	335	210	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	40,155	19,985	20,170	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	757,805	404,615	353,185	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	693,745	366,165	327,585	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	64,055	38,450	25,605	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	296,435	120,825	175,615	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	71.9	77.0	66.8	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	65.8	69.7	61.9	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.5	7.2	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	268,075	107,550	160,525	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	786,165	417,885	368,275	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	393,005	227,025	165,980	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	393,155	190,860	202,295	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.2	42.0	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	757,805	404,615	353,185	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	744,895	398,630	346,260	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	669,875	350,715	319,160	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	75,015	47,910	27,110	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	757,800	404,620	353,190	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	744,895	398,630	346,265	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	79,210	49,560	29,650	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	118,920	32,780	86,145	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	54,855	42,945	11,910	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	54,305	10,660	43,645	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	81,080	28,610	52,475	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	17,255	7,055	10,200	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	164,210	69,320	94,885	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	139,415	129,075	10,340	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	13,915	11,545	2,370	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	21,730	17,085	4,645	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	757,800	404,615	353,190	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	744,890	398,630	346,265	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,360	3,970	2,390	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	23,270	19,380	3,890	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	7,645	5,400	2,245	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	87,605	74,225	13,380	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	46,005	34,890	11,115	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	30,525	21,750	8,775	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	83,620	38,160	45,460	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,595	26,805	8,795	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	10,995	6,225	4,770	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	24,525	8,680	15,850	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	14,415	8,020	6,395	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	51,860	29,330	22,530	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,065	450	615	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	28,455	16,325	12,135	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	51,905	17,090	34,815	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	86,535	15,265	71,270	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	13,855	6,710	7,145	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	51,635	21,460	30,180	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	35,560	16,900	18,660	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	53,470	27,605	25,865	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	693,750	366,165	327,580	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	38,960	17,450	21,505	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	1,690	1,180	510	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	99,025	75,780	23,250	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	554,065	271,755	282,315	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	554,065	271,755	282,310	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	392,920	178,885	214,040	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	144,980	81,405	63,575	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,785	9,925	3,860	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	2,380	1,540	840	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	653,090	347,530	305,560	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	506,065	284,135	221,925	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	33,245	12,795	20,450	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	73,585	29,960	43,625	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	24,140	10,380	13,755	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	6,425	4,165	2,265	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	9,630	6,090	3,540	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	653,090	347,530	305,560	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	137,450	60,925	76,525	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	257,780	137,715	120,065	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	163,820	93,060	70,765	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	54,335	30,805	23,525	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	39,705	25,030	14,680	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	653,090	347,530	305,565	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	49,715	37,220	12,495	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	132,655	83,440	49,220	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	195,615	99,920	95,695	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	111,230	48,160	63,070	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	64,745	26,910	37,835	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	99,125	51,875	47,245	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	808,705	428,070	380,640	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	801,065	424,370	376,695	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	794,780	421,180	373,595	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	792,255	420,330	371,925	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	2,520	855	1,670	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	6,280	3,185	3,100	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	10	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	10	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,265	3,170	3,095	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	510	305	200	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	60	25	35	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	10	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	55	25	30	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	445	275	165	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	40	15	20	200	95	100
Arabic	325	225	100	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	0	15	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	15	0	10	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	425	190	230	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	410	185	230	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	180	145	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	15	10	10	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	170	130	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	10	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	90	50	45
Tamil	15	10	10	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	2,140	1,135	1,010	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	10	10	10	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	310	155	150	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	315	160	150	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	10	0	95	45	55
Polish	120	65	60	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	80	30	45	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	10	0	0	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	20	10	10	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	75	40	30	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	95	50	45	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	10	90	50	35
Dutch	20	10	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	65	45	25	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	0	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	1,270	710	560	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	1,195	665	535	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	15	0	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	65	10	50	880	300	585
Hindi	110	60	45	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	10	0	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	975	575	400	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	40	10	25	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	65	50	25	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	15	10	10	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	55	35	15	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	460	210	245	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	15	10	10	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	40	20	20	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	400	180	220	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	30	10	25	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	260	120	140	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	65	60	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	80	30	50	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	35	10	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,315	1,100	1,215	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	2,300	1,090	1,215	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	1,480	725	745	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	10	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	705	310	400	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	45	50	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	10	10	10	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	30	10	15	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	20	25	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	35	15	20	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	10	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	10	10	10	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	80	45	35
Multiple responses	7,640	3,700	3,945	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	1,865	890	975	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	5,630	2,745	2,890	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	20	10	15	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	130	60	75	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	808,710	428,070	380,635	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	776,205	411,870	364,335	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	4,420	1,910	2,510	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	8,815	4,290	4,525	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	18,790	9,760	9,030	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	370	140	230	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	18,420	9,620	8,800	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	75	30	40	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	410	210	195	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,279,510	640,675	638,835	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	1,070,150	535,850	534,305	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	209,355	104,830	104,530	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	138,845	70,100	68,740	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	70,515	34,725	35,785	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	53,785	26,870	26,915	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	38,260	19,085	19,175	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	15,520	7,785	7,740	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	16,730	7,855	8,875	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,211,875	605,960	605,915	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	652,385	324,895	327,490	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	559,490	281,065	278,425	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	306,930	154,255	152,675	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	252,565	126,810	125,750	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	177,130	89,220	87,905	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	103,790	51,185	52,600	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	73,340	38,030	35,305	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	75,435	37,590	37,845	1,381,460	682,625	698,835