Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmonton [Economic region], Alberta and British Columbia [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Edmonton Alberta [Economic region]			British Columbia [Province]
	Data quality , Edmonton [Economic region], Alberta  Map : Edmonton [Economic region], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : British Columbia [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,366,050	...	...	4,648,055	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,203,115	...	...	4,400,057	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.5	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	557,547	...	...	2,063,417	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	518,951	...	...	1,881,969	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	86.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15,783.77	...	...	922,503.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,366,050	683,115	682,935	4,648,055	2,278,245	2,369,815
0 to 14 years	252,495	129,220	123,280	691,390	355,400	335,985
0 to 4 years	88,120	44,935	43,180	220,625	113,355	107,275
5 to 9 years	86,955	44,430	42,525	236,900	122,070	114,830
10 to 14 years	77,425	39,850	37,575	233,860	119,975	113,885
15 to 64 years	943,905	476,805	467,100	3,107,680	1,527,280	1,580,400
15 to 19 years	78,450	40,335	38,120	258,980	133,000	125,985
20 to 24 years	94,890	48,420	46,470	287,560	147,615	139,945
25 to 29 years	111,665	56,775	54,890	303,000	151,585	151,415
30 to 34 years	115,125	58,120	57,010	313,750	155,035	158,715
35 to 39 years	103,060	52,195	50,865	293,590	143,070	150,520
40 to 44 years	92,130	46,730	45,395	295,045	141,930	153,115
45 to 49 years	88,240	44,410	43,825	322,365	155,325	167,040
50 to 54 years	94,085	47,015	47,070	354,375	172,065	182,310
55 to 59 years	90,880	45,480	45,400	354,925	171,210	183,715
60 to 64 years	75,385	37,320	38,065	324,095	156,450	167,645
65 years and over	169,650	77,100	92,550	848,985	395,560	453,425
65 to 69 years	58,230	28,390	29,835	287,520	139,490	148,035
70 to 74 years	39,180	18,600	20,580	201,785	97,675	104,110
75 to 79 years	28,675	13,160	15,515	145,225	68,715	76,510
80 to 84 years	21,485	9,195	12,285	105,255	48,645	56,610
85 years and over	22,080	7,750	14,335	109,190	41,035	68,155
85 to 89 years	13,825	5,405	8,415	67,510	27,930	39,575
90 to 94 years	6,355	1,915	4,435	31,815	10,615	21,205
95 to 99 years	1,640	385	1,260	8,545	2,215	6,330
100 years and over	260	40	220	1,325	275	1,050
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	18.9	18.1	14.9	15.6	14.2
15 to 64 years	69.1	69.8	68.4	66.9	67.0	66.7
65 years and over	12.4	11.3	13.6	18.3	17.4	19.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.1	2.3	1.8	2.9
Average age of the population	37.9	37.1	38.6	42.3	41.5	43.1
Median age of the population	36.4	35.8	37.1	43.0	41.9	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Single-detached house	299,770	...	...	830,660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	26,885	...	...	177,830	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	183,350	...	...	824,190	...	...
Semi-detached house	31,780	...	...	57,395	...	...
Row house	43,400	...	...	147,830	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,885	...	...	230,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	97,085	...	...	385,140	...	...
Other single-attached house	200	...	...	3,755	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	8,945	...	...	49,290	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 person	127,555	...	...	541,910	...	...
2 persons	175,305	...	...	663,770	...	...
3 persons	84,850	...	...	277,690	...	...
4 persons	79,280	...	...	243,125	...	...
5 or more persons	51,960	...	...	155,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,340,930	...	...	4,560,240	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,113,555	553,905	559,655	3,956,665	1,922,840	2,033,825
Married or living common law	649,290	325,895	323,400	2,297,325	1,146,175	1,151,150
Married	542,825	272,615	270,210	1,925,345	959,690	965,645
Living common law	106,465	53,280	53,185	371,985	186,485	185,505
Not married and not living common law	464,260	228,010	236,260	1,659,335	776,660	882,675
Never married	321,000	178,475	142,525	1,076,085	582,975	493,110
Separated	26,260	11,420	14,835	105,700	45,225	60,475
Divorced	67,930	28,120	39,815	263,870	103,475	160,395
Widowed	49,075	9,995	39,080	213,685	44,990	168,700
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	373,550	...	...	1,311,340	...	...
2 persons	180,085	...	...	703,685	...	...
3 persons	81,010	...	...	275,965	...	...
4 persons	76,925	...	...	243,960	...	...
5 or more persons	35,525	...	...	87,730	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	373,545	...	...	1,311,345	...	...
Total couple families	315,405	...	...	1,113,405	...	...
Married couples	262,190	...	...	927,440	...	...
Common-law couples	53,215	...	...	185,960	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	58,145	...	...	197,940	...	...
Female parent	44,985	...	...	155,670	...	...
Male parent	13,160	...	...	42,265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	315,405	...	...	1,113,400	...	...
Couples without children	144,800	...	...	577,790	...	...
Couples with children	170,600	...	...	535,610	...	...
1 child	64,935	...	...	221,065	...	...
2 children	72,235	...	...	230,705	...	...
3 or more children	33,435	...	...	83,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	58,140	...	...	197,940	...	...
1 child	35,280	...	...	125,890	...	...
2 children	16,080	...	...	54,900	...	...
3 or more children	6,785	...	...	17,145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	238,645	125,155	113,490	882,895	418,495	464,405
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	518,955	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One-census-family households	348,110	...	...	1,195,735	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	134,895	...	...	527,700	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	213,220	...	...	668,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	12,380	...	...	55,620	...	...
Non-census-family households	158,460	...	...	630,620	...	...
One-person households	127,555	...	...	541,915	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,910	...	...	88,705	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,351,355	676,340	675,010	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
English only	1,232,510	621,815	610,700	4,127,770	2,050,130	2,077,645
French only	1,770	775	990	1,810	820	985
English and French	96,325	45,395	50,935	314,925	140,650	174,275
Neither English nor French	20,750	8,360	12,385	153,910	63,795	90,115
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,351,350	676,345	675,015	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,020
English	1,296,330	650,200	646,125	4,373,330	2,156,680	2,216,655
French	27,925	14,545	13,380	55,325	27,680	27,640
English and French	6,905	3,525	3,380	18,000	8,315	9,685
Neither English nor French	20,190	8,060	12,135	151,760	62,720	89,040
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	31,375	16,310	15,065	64,325	31,840	32,480
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.3	2.4	2.2	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,351,350	676,340	675,010	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
Single responses	1,316,655	659,475	657,180	4,494,995	2,205,775	2,289,220
Official languages	997,180	504,645	492,535	3,227,535	1,614,375	1,613,160
English	969,560	490,250	479,310	3,170,110	1,585,760	1,584,355
French	27,620	14,395	13,225	57,425	28,615	28,810
Non-official languages	319,470	154,835	164,640	1,267,460	591,400	676,060
Aboriginal languages	3,625	1,505	2,120	8,435	3,940	4,490
Algonquian languages	3,010	1,250	1,765	1,050	445	605
Blackfoot	40	10	30	40	5	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,850	1,190	1,665	840	375	465
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	5	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	5	10	10	0	10
Plains Cree	395	140	255	150	60	85
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	5	20	25	15	10
Woods Cree	155	65	90	60	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.	2,250	965	1,280	585	270	320
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	10	5	10
Malecite	0	5	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	45	65	155	55	105
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway	100	40	60	135	50	90
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	235	80	155	2,310	1,045	1,260
Northern Athabaskan languages	230	80	155	2,295	1,045	1,250
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Beaver	5	5	5	160	75	85
Carrier	5	0	5	1,005	460	550
Chilcotin	5	0	0	650	295	355
Dene	155	55	100	90	35	50
Dogrib (Tlicho)	20	5	15	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sekani	5	0	0	85	40	45
Slavey-Hare languages	40	15	25	75	30	45
North Slavey (Hare)	10	5	5	5	0	0
South Slavey	25	10	15	20	5	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	50	25	30
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	105	45	50
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	5	15	10	5
Tahltan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Haida	5	5	5	70	30	40
Inuit languages	70	15	50	80	30	55
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuktitut	40	10	30	50	20	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	100	55	50
Michif	35	20	15	35	20	10
Salish languages	5	5	0	2,270	1,115	1,155
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	230	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	160
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	435	220	215
Squamish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	330	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Siouan languages	230	105	125	45	25	20
Dakota	75	25	45	30	15	20
Stoney	155	80	80	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	30	15	15
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	1,460	715	740
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	875	435	445
Nisga'a	0	5	5	385	195	190
Tsimshian	0	0	0	195	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	795	365	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	55
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	100	45	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	320	140	180
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	275	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	5	190	80	110
Non-Aboriginal languages	315,845	153,325	162,515	1,259,025	587,455	671,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	31,360	16,390	14,970	24,870	13,405	11,465
Berber languages	130	75	60	115	75	45
Kabyle	75	40	35	40	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	80	45	30
Cushitic languages	7,905	3,970	3,935	1,505	765	740
Bilen	245	140	105	5	0	0
Oromo	1,130	580	545	205	115	95
Somali	6,515	3,235	3,275	1,270	640	640
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	20	10	15
Semitic languages	23,255	12,305	10,950	23,195	12,540	10,655
Amharic	2,515	1,220	1,295	1,370	670	700
Arabic	17,610	9,430	8,185	17,480	9,595	7,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	40	35	650	315	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	25	15	440	245	200
Harari	165	90	80	20	5	15
Hebrew	405	225	185	2,065	1,125	940
Maltese	25	10	15	215	100	115
Tigrigna	2,330	1,220	1,105	805	395	405
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	85	50	35	150	80	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	25	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,655	4,460	5,195	28,740	13,170	15,575
Khmer (Cambodian)	760	360	400	1,560	710	850
Vietnamese	8,880	4,095	4,790	27,150	12,440	14,710
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	30	15	15
Austronesian languages	43,375	18,855	24,520	96,535	38,765	57,770
Bikol	115	55	65	375	165	215
Cebuano	2,000	830	1,165	4,065	1,565	2,505
Fijian	50	30	25	470	240	230
Hiligaynon	535	235	300	1,470	550	920
Ilocano	1,880	790	1,090	5,240	2,055	3,190
Malagasy	10	5	5	20	10	15
Malay	525	225	300	3,895	1,675	2,220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	350	165	185	700	320	380
Pangasinan	110	45	70	295	130	170
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	37,430	16,300	21,130	78,770	31,550	47,220
Waray-Waray	75	30	40	215	85	135
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	290	135	155	1,015	435	580
Creole languages	1,020	530	485	840	440	400
Haitian Creole	50	25	25	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	615	345	275	500	255	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	345	160	185	305	155	145
Dravidian languages	6,850	3,565	3,280	7,500	3,995	3,510
Kannada	205	105	105	280	150	135
Malayalam	3,485	1,795	1,685	2,385	1,260	1,130
Tamil	2,195	1,155	1,035	3,615	1,875	1,740
Telugu	940	495	445	1,175	695	480
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	45	20	25
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	140	75	70
Indo-European languages	154,280	76,555	77,725	588,175	286,135	302,035
Albanian	770	415	350	1,465	765	705
Armenian	170	80	90	1,195	600	600
Balto-Slavic languages	35,010	16,355	18,655	83,110	38,595	44,515
Baltic languages	330	150	180	1,070	485	585
Latvian	155	70	80	565	255	300
Lithuanian	175	80	95	505	225	280
Slavic languages	34,685	16,210	18,475	82,040	38,110	43,930
Belarusan	35	20	20	95	45	50
Bosnian	715	355	360	1,360	675	685
Bulgarian	475	245	225	2,025	955	1,070
Croatian	2,020	1,055	965	7,475	3,655	3,820
Czech	905	440	470	5,920	2,850	3,070
Macedonian	185	95	90	325	160	165
Polish	9,460	4,420	5,040	16,910	7,875	9,035
Russian	5,780	2,675	3,110	25,955	11,640	14,310
Serbian	1,835	930	910	7,045	3,600	3,450
Serbo-Croatian	365	180	180	1,395	670	725
Slovak	620	300	320	3,400	1,525	1,870
Slovene (Slovenian)	290	140	155	1,160	545	615
Ukrainian	11,895	5,305	6,595	8,630	3,730	4,900
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	345	175	170
Celtic languages	120	75	50	615	325	290
Scottish Gaelic	50	30	20	240	130	110
Welsh	35	20	15	280	145	135
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	95	50	45
Germanic languages	22,200	10,635	11,560	101,725	48,350	53,380
Afrikaans	625	325	295	3,260	1,655	1,610
Danish	770	380	390	4,665	2,280	2,385
Dutch	4,305	2,085	2,225	21,020	10,130	10,895
Frisian	105	60	45	295	145	145
German	15,695	7,465	8,235	66,885	31,525	35,360
Icelandic	35	15	20	275	135	145
Norwegian	230	105	120	2,005	970	1,035
Swedish	300	135	170	2,520	1,100	1,420
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	445	220	225
Yiddish	55	30	25	290	150	140
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	65	45	25
Greek	1,080	590	490	6,115	3,245	2,870
Indo-Iranian languages	64,165	32,955	31,210	297,800	147,830	149,970
Indo-Aryan languages	57,540	29,485	28,060	251,000	124,260	126,740
Bengali	2,340	1,230	1,110	3,180	1,665	1,510
Gujarati	5,770	2,990	2,780	6,895	3,290	3,605
Hindi	8,420	4,240	4,185	26,720	12,910	13,810
Kashmiri	25	15	10	65	35	25
Konkani	155	80	70	255	130	125
Marathi	540	275	265	620	325	295
Nepali	1,995	1,040	955	1,155	620	540
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	35	70	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,800	14,275	13,525	198,805	98,525	100,285
Sindhi	940	440	505	1,675	780	895
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,310	680	630	1,675	845	830
Urdu	8,170	4,170	4,000	9,885	5,090	4,795
Iranian languages	6,340	3,325	3,020	46,390	23,355	23,035
Kurdish	760	420	340	1,765	945	825
Pashto	665	350	315	1,155	615	535
Persian (Farsi)	4,920	2,550	2,370	43,470	21,795	21,675
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	280	150	130	410	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages	30,765	15,450	15,315	96,135	46,430	49,710
Catalan	25	15	15	160	85	75
Italian	4,920	2,440	2,480	22,680	11,445	11,230
Portuguese	4,640	2,275	2,370	17,450	8,240	9,210
Romanian	2,550	1,275	1,270	8,730	4,250	4,480
Spanish	18,605	9,435	9,175	47,010	22,335	24,675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	105	65	40
Japanese	1,070	345	725	21,350	7,195	14,150
Kartvelian languages	70	40	30	85	50	35
Georgian	65	40	30	85	50	40
Korean	6,370	3,030	3,345	52,160	23,495	28,670
Mongolic languages	80	35	45	360	150	205
Mongolian	80	35	45	360	155	210
Niger-Congo languages	7,370	3,720	3,650	3,725	1,875	1,850
Akan (Twi)	890	460	430	495	275	220
Bamanankan	15	10	5	10	5	5
Edo	140	70	70	85	50	35
Ewe	125	80	50	85	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	140	75	65	45	25	20
Ga	70	40	25	45	20	25
Ganda	210	105	105	90	45	45
Igbo	310	165	145	245	145	105
Lingala	165	80	85	80	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	405	200	205	115	50	60
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	610	300	305	155	70	80
Shona	565	280	285	215	100	115
Swahili	1,245	605	645	805	400	405
Wolof	130	85	45	50	25	25
Yoruba	705	395	310	330	185	150
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,640	775	870	885	410	480
Nilo-Saharan languages	750	385	365	340	175	165
Dinka	340	175	165	105	60	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	410	210	200	240	115	125
Sign languages	400	195	205	1,155	610	545
American Sign Language	185	85	95	470	230	240
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	220	110	110	690	380	305
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,970	22,650	25,320	410,920	187,725	223,190
Chinese languages	47,265	22,275	24,990	408,415	186,455	221,960
Cantonese	22,735	10,615	12,115	193,530	89,325	104,210
Hakka	620	290	330	2,325	1,010	1,315
Mandarin	19,935	9,465	10,470	186,325	84,370	101,955
Min Dong	70	30	45	230	105	120
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,265	580	685	11,210	4,995	6,215
Wu (Shanghainese)	235	120	115	4,540	1,995	2,545
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,380	1,165	1,215	10,050	4,570	5,480
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	5	15	205	85	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	705	375	325	2,500	1,265	1,230
Burmese	145	80	65	1,125	580	545
Karenic languages	430	235	200	815	395	425
Tibetan	20	10	10	330	175	160
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	230	120	110
Tai-Kadai languages	1,025	380	640	3,985	1,335	2,650
Lao	385	190	190	1,100	550	550
Thai	630	190	440	2,865	775	2,090
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	20	10	15
Turkic languages	2,080	1,165	915	4,140	2,295	1,845
Azerbaijani	120	75	45	530	290	235
Turkish	1,745	970	775	3,145	1,790	1,360
Uyghur	65	35	30	170	85	85
Uzbek	110	65	50	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	190	80	110
Uralic languages	1,890	890	1,000	13,490	6,285	7,205
Estonian	45	20	30	705	295	410
Finnish	235	95	140	3,760	1,555	2,200
Hungarian	1,605	780	830	9,025	4,435	4,590
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	235	135	100	500	280	225
Multiple responses	34,695	16,860	17,835	103,415	49,625	53,795
English and French	3,965	1,940	2,030	10,065	4,815	5,250
English and non-official language	28,870	13,995	14,875	89,135	42,820	46,315
French and non-official language	1,235	615	625	2,100	1,040	1,065
English, French and non-official language	625	315	310	2,115	950	1,165
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,351,350	676,340	675,015	4,598,415	2,255,395	2,343,015
Single responses	1,278,690	640,905	637,785	4,365,875	2,145,020	2,220,855
Official languages	1,103,440	554,800	548,640	3,648,500	1,807,825	1,840,675
English	1,092,365	549,120	543,245	3,631,700	1,799,625	1,832,075
French	11,070	5,675	5,395	16,795	8,195	8,605
Non-official languages	175,250	86,105	89,145	717,375	337,200	380,180
Aboriginal languages	690	315	375	1,565	765	795
Algonquian languages	610	285	320	105	50	55
Blackfoot	5	5	5	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	575	265	310	85	40	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	60	25	30	15	10	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	5	15	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	480	220	255	60	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	15	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	610	290	320
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	605	290	315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	40	20	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	110	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	260	125	130
Dene	15	5	5	15	5	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuit languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	275	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Siouan languages	40	20	25	15	10	5
Dakota	20	10	10	10	10	5
Stoney	20	15	10	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	405	215	195
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	310	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	45	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	5	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	174,560	85,790	88,770	715,815	336,435	379,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,350	10,325	10,025	13,990	7,065	6,920
Berber languages	95	45	50	45	25	20
Kabyle	50	25	25	20	10	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	5,850	2,930	2,920	770	355	415
Bilen	215	120	90	0	0	0
Oromo	885	455	435	90	50	45
Somali	4,740	2,350	2,385	665	300	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	15	5	10
Semitic languages	14,390	7,335	7,050	13,155	6,680	6,475
Amharic	1,695	805	890	600	275	320
Arabic	10,615	5,460	5,155	10,415	5,335	5,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	15	20	405	195	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	310	165	145
Harari	110	55	60	10	5	5
Hebrew	190	95	90	900	465	440
Maltese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Tigrigna	1,650	855	795	410	190	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	95	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,250	2,890	3,360	17,870	8,305	9,560
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	180	205	800	375	420
Vietnamese	5,865	2,705	3,160	17,055	7,920	9,130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Austronesian languages	23,190	10,890	12,300	40,605	17,945	22,660
Bikol	15	10	5	75	30	35
Cebuano	825	400	425	1,305	585	715
Fijian	25	15	10	110	65	55
Hiligaynon	195	85	110	415	175	240
Ilocano	615	290	325	1,615	695	930
Malagasy	10	5	5	10	5	10
Malay	145	70	70	1,120	510	605
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	130	60	70	150	70	80
Pangasinan	25	10	15	55	25	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	21,110	9,895	11,210	35,375	15,600	19,770
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	55	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	310	150	160
Creole languages	570	285	280	335	150	180
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	380	200	180	235	105	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	95	50	45
Dravidian languages	4,465	2,305	2,160	3,940	1,995	1,940
Kannada	80	35	45	110	55	60
Malayalam	2,345	1,205	1,140	1,225	615	605
Tamil	1,470	780	690	2,055	1,025	1,030
Telugu	565	280	280	535	295	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	15	5	10
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	75,965	38,125	37,835	282,090	137,135	144,955
Albanian	370	195	175	695	335	360
Armenian	75	40	35	545	240	305
Balto-Slavic languages	12,890	6,280	6,610	31,640	15,150	16,490
Baltic languages	120	55	65	210	90	115
Latvian	50	25	25	80	30	50
Lithuanian	65	35	35	125	60	65
Slavic languages	12,770	6,225	6,545	31,430	15,060	16,370
Belarusan	10	5	5	15	5	5
Bosnian	300	155	150	595	300	300
Bulgarian	290	145	150	1,035	485	550
Croatian	900	460	445	2,235	1,055	1,180
Czech	260	140	125	1,595	800	795
Macedonian	90	50	45	150	75	75
Polish	3,835	1,805	2,025	5,690	2,720	2,970
Russian	3,280	1,620	1,655	13,310	6,290	7,020
Serbian	1,005	505	500	3,695	1,870	1,825
Serbo-Croatian	115	55	60	500	235	265
Slovak	175	85	90	1,000	480	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	35	35	145	65	85
Ukrainian	2,410	1,160	1,255	1,430	665	765
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	40	20	20
Celtic languages	10	5	0	70	40	30
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	35	20	10
Welsh	0	0	0	25	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	3,400	1,675	1,720	14,430	6,870	7,555
Afrikaans	325	165	155	1,475	715	760
Danish	40	20	15	305	145	160
Dutch	305	150	155	1,895	890	1,005
Frisian	5	5	5	10	5	5
German	2,610	1,280	1,330	10,085	4,795	5,295
Icelandic	15	5	10	75	35	35
Norwegian	15	5	5	140	60	80
Swedish	70	30	40	360	170	195
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	50	30	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	375	190	190	2,010	975	1,035
Indo-Iranian languages	43,190	21,925	21,265	194,590	95,380	99,215
Indo-Aryan languages	39,050	19,835	19,215	164,185	80,610	83,575
Bengali	1,455	755	705	1,815	895	920
Gujarati	3,665	1,860	1,805	2,970	1,320	1,645
Hindi	5,100	2,600	2,495	12,310	5,890	6,425
Kashmiri	5	0	0	10	5	5
Konkani	35	20	20	40	25	25
Marathi	335	170	165	270	140	130
Nepali	1,395	725	665	665	345	320
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	20	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20,655	10,510	10,150	139,080	68,565	70,515
Sindhi	460	225	235	615	270	345
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	785	410	380	675	330	340
Urdu	5,125	2,540	2,585	5,705	2,825	2,880
Iranian languages	4,025	2,040	1,985	30,205	14,665	15,540
Kurdish	375	200	175	1,080	540	535
Pashto	430	235	200	700	350	350
Persian (Farsi)	3,215	1,610	1,610	28,420	13,765	14,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	120	55	65	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages	15,655	7,825	7,835	38,110	18,145	19,970
Catalan	10	5	5	65	35	35
Italian	1,410	640	770	5,200	2,245	2,955
Portuguese	1,920	920	1,000	6,725	3,140	3,580
Romanian	1,355	675	690	3,800	1,830	1,970
Spanish	10,955	5,585	5,370	22,310	10,900	11,410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	20	5	10
Japanese	475	190	290	9,860	4,070	5,790
Kartvelian languages	55	30	25	30	15	10
Georgian	50	30	25	30	15	15
Korean	4,600	2,255	2,340	38,605	17,785	20,820
Mongolic languages	45	20	25	170	80	90
Mongolian	50	25	25	165	80	85
Niger-Congo languages	2,965	1,425	1,535	960	430	530
Akan (Twi)	445	210	235	150	80	65
Bamanankan	5	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	35	20	20	15	10	10
Ewe	40	20	20	20	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	25	25	20	5	10
Ga	20	10	5	5	5	0
Ganda	80	35	40	10	5	5
Igbo	80	40	45	40	20	15
Lingala	40	20	25	35	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	200	90	105	55	20	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	150	140	60	25	35
Shona	215	100	120	65	25	40
Swahili	585	275	315	200	90	115
Wolof	90	50	40	20	10	10
Yoruba	280	145	135	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	505	230	275	200	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	370	190	180	140	60	75
Dinka	205	110	95	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	165	75	90	85	30	55
Sign languages	510	290	220	1,535	850	685
American Sign Language	195	105	90	455	230	225
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	315	185	130	1,080	615	460
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,370	15,355	17,015	299,420	137,555	161,865
Chinese languages	31,825	15,075	16,750	297,675	136,670	161,000
Cantonese	14,745	6,815	7,925	137,075	62,545	74,525
Hakka	215	95	120	700	295	410
Mandarin	14,730	7,150	7,580	146,435	67,695	78,740
Min Dong	15	5	10	65	25	35
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	555	235	315	4,820	2,185	2,630
Wu (Shanghainese)	120	65	60	2,595	1,195	1,400
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,445	710	740	5,885	2,680	3,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	105	45	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	540	280	260	1,745	885	865
Burmese	100	55	45	720	375	350
Karenic languages	360	195	170	725	355	370
Tibetan	20	10	10	205	110	90
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	90	45	45
Tai-Kadai languages	480	220	255	1,380	595	785
Lao	185	90	100	460	225	235
Thai	285	125	155	920	370	545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages	1,310	705	605	1,695	880	815
Azerbaijani	55	35	20	195	105	95
Turkish	1,140	605	530	1,310	685	630
Uyghur	40	20	15	95	50	50
Uzbek	70	40	30	45	25	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	40	20	25
Uralic languages	510	240	270	3,005	1,415	1,590
Estonian	5	0	5	95	40	55
Finnish	30	15	15	725	325	400
Hungarian	475	230	250	2,185	1,050	1,130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	145	70	75
Multiple responses	72,665	35,435	37,225	232,540	110,375	122,165
English and French	2,785	1,385	1,400	6,155	2,970	3,185
English and non-official language	67,940	33,110	34,830	222,670	105,750	116,920
French and non-official language	590	285	305	650	290	360
English, French and non-official language	1,345	660	685	3,065	1,365	1,700
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,351,355	676,340	675,015	4,598,415	2,255,400	2,343,015
None	1,153,360	579,870	573,485	3,931,210	1,940,390	1,990,820
English	79,905	39,990	39,910	274,535	132,990	141,545
French	14,995	7,010	7,985	41,020	18,435	22,590
Non-official language	99,405	47,585	51,815	340,930	158,590	182,345
Aboriginal	3,925	1,760	2,165	7,985	3,765	4,215
Non-Aboriginal	95,480	45,825	49,650	332,945	154,820	178,125
English and French	690	355	335	1,195	545	650
English and non-official language	1,890	985	905	5,660	2,655	3,005
French and non-official language	1,075	520	550	3,765	1,745	2,020
English, French and non-official language	45	25	20	100	45	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,089,035	542,885	546,145	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,036,860	517,415	519,450	3,727,360	1,815,500	1,911,860
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,644	55,806	34,009	33,012	40,370	27,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,037,105	517,450	519,655	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,702	47,723	31,092	29,783	35,383	25,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	963,165	493,060	470,105	3,363,310	1,665,225	1,698,085
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,262	55,390	32,915	31,585	39,557	25,304
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	614,675	247,770	366,905	2,628,215	1,140,195	1,488,025
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,013	3,615	4,178	4,592	3,717	4,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	841,380	441,725	399,655	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,283	55,861	34,531	31,713	39,186	26,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,089,050	543,030	546,020	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,037,385	517,490	519,900	3,727,715	1,815,380	1,912,335
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,535	76,430	44,714	45,616	54,797	36,901
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,037,655	517,535	520,120	3,732,420	1,819,290	1,913,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,314	60,735	37,950	37,922	44,282	31,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	963,165	492,670	470,490	3,362,835	1,664,850	1,697,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,607	76,656	43,802	44,933	54,787	35,271
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	614,190	247,515	366,670	2,628,230	1,139,390	1,488,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,203	7,214	7,196	7,207	7,255	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	841,380	440,570	400,805	2,775,010	1,415,100	1,359,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,368	70,817	42,584	43,339	52,171	34,149
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,089,050	543,030	546,020	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	393,250	225,915	167,330	1,147,070	652,115	494,950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	64,820	74,817	54,797	53,940	61,004	47,039
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,136	90,265	61,761	64,625	72,840	53,801
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	93.0	95.5	88.7	88.9	91.7	84.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.0	79.3	73.1	70.8	74.4	65.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	7.0	4.5	11.3	11.1	8.3	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,089,035	542,885	546,145	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without total income	52,170	25,475	26,695	142,970	67,370	75,600
With total income	1,036,865	517,415	519,450	3,727,360	1,815,505	1,911,860
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.3	95.1	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	128,305	48,450	79,860	573,315	240,120	333,195
$10,000 to $19,999	129,375	48,900	80,470	653,915	262,225	391,685
$20,000 to $29,999	121,515	46,905	74,610	503,290	209,095	294,195
$30,000 to $39,999	102,560	43,470	59,085	424,330	188,860	235,470
$40,000 to $49,999	98,600	45,190	53,420	366,220	173,020	193,200
$50,000 to $59,999	88,205	43,525	44,685	286,310	148,095	138,215
$60,000 to $69,999	73,910	40,665	33,245	222,975	129,400	93,580
$70,000 to $79,999	59,670	35,775	23,895	171,625	103,795	67,830
$80,000 to $89,999	47,480	29,730	17,750	134,090	83,100	50,990
$90,000 to $99,999	40,870	25,530	15,340	96,825	62,825	34,005
$100,000 and over	146,365	109,280	37,090	294,475	214,980	79,500
$100,000 to $149,999	95,525	68,460	27,065	198,355	142,260	56,095
$150,000 and over	50,845	40,820	10,020	96,115	72,715	23,405
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,089,035	542,890	546,145	3,870,330	1,882,870	1,987,460
Without after-tax income	51,930	25,440	26,490	138,350	63,495	74,855
With after-tax income	1,037,105	517,455	519,650	3,731,980	1,819,375	1,912,605
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.3	95.1	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	131,330	49,260	82,070	597,310	253,480	343,835
$10,000 to $19,999	135,365	51,315	84,055	686,510	280,490	406,015
$20,000 to $29,999	140,435	54,920	85,515	593,490	252,075	341,415
$30,000 to $39,999	128,265	56,935	71,330	495,200	226,080	269,120
$40,000 to $49,999	122,780	59,820	62,960	402,535	200,565	201,965
$50,000 to $59,999	99,610	54,930	44,680	293,450	167,870	125,585
$60,000 to $69,999	74,370	45,450	28,920	210,085	128,000	82,080
$70,000 to $79,999	57,180	36,110	21,075	151,775	95,230	56,545
$80,000 and over	147,765	108,710	39,055	301,635	215,590	86,045
$80,000 to $89,999	43,085	28,550	14,535	94,700	64,330	30,370
$90,000 to $99,999	28,505	20,400	8,105	59,050	42,050	17,000
$100,000 and over	76,180	59,765	16,415	147,885	109,215	38,670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,089,030	542,890	546,145	3,870,330	1,882,865	1,987,460
Without employment income	247,655	101,165	146,490	1,095,320	467,570	627,745
With employment income	841,380	441,725	399,655	2,775,010	1,415,295	1,359,715
Percentage with employment income	77.3	81.4	73.2	71.7	75.2	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	86,685	38,495	48,190	441,080	204,275	236,810
$5,000 to $9,999	55,015	22,630	32,385	212,715	90,015	122,705
$10,000 to $19,999	91,860	37,810	54,050	371,875	160,350	211,525
$20,000 to $29,999	77,795	31,835	45,960	309,470	135,945	173,525
$30,000 to $39,999	76,115	33,520	42,600	282,045	126,870	155,180
$40,000 to $49,999	76,245	35,395	40,845	253,810	118,870	134,935
$50,000 to $59,999	70,960	35,320	35,640	203,885	107,605	96,280
$60,000 to $69,999	59,450	33,270	26,180	163,740	98,205	65,535
$70,000 to $79,999	49,555	30,520	19,030	132,340	82,120	50,220
$80,000 and over	197,705	142,930	54,770	404,040	291,050	112,990
$80,000 to $89,999	40,305	25,945	14,355	106,680	67,815	38,860
$90,000 to $99,999	36,435	22,975	13,455	76,470	51,990	24,480
$100,000 and over	120,965	94,010	26,955	220,890	171,245	49,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,913	...	...	69,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,153	...	...	61,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	127,555	...	...	541,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,765	...	...	35,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,121	...	...	31,899	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	391,400	...	...	1,340,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,412	...	...	88,466	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,401	...	...	77,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	121,011	...	...	90,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,604	...	...	75,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	127,555	...	...	541,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,584	...	...	46,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,267	...	...	39,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	391,395	...	...	1,340,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	140,378	...	...	108,010	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,357	...	...	89,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	518,950	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,390	...	...	43,415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,570	...	...	27,140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,355	...	...	55,745	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,135	...	...	77,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	16,875	...	...	78,695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	13,200	...	...	72,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,990	...	...	78,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15,415	...	...	78,395	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15,540	...	...	76,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,785	...	...	75,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	32,480	...	...	143,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	32,925	...	...	132,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	31,940	...	...	122,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30,325	...	...	111,350	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	29,260	...	...	99,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	241,770	...	...	607,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	64,045	...	...	198,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50,465	...	...	138,420	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	64,750	...	...	149,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	62,505	...	...	122,080	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	518,950	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Under $5,000	7,860	...	...	46,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,665	...	...	27,605	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,510	...	...	56,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,635	...	...	80,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	18,040	...	...	89,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15,045	...	...	88,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	16,750	...	...	93,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	18,680	...	...	92,220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	19,535	...	...	91,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20,285	...	...	88,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	41,260	...	...	165,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40,010	...	...	150,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	38,645	...	...	136,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	36,630	...	...	118,520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	33,010	...	...	101,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	190,390	...	...	454,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	67,345	...	...	187,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	46,560	...	...	111,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	76,495	...	...	155,845	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	369,395	...	...	1,276,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,310	...	...	88,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,389	...	...	77,002	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	132,010	...	...	519,030	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,532	...	...	80,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,574	...	...	70,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	171,215	...	...	536,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,667	...	...	111,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,931	...	...	96,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	52,985	...	...	179,945	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,759	...	...	51,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,389	...	...	46,668	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	369,160	...	...	1,275,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	140,446	...	...	108,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,134	...	...	89,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	131,935	...	...	518,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	136,617	...	...	100,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	109,851	...	...	83,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	171,300	...	...	536,580	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	163,777	...	...	131,213	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,640	...	...	108,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	52,785	...	...	179,615	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,290	...	...	63,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,980	...	...	54,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	201,240	107,540	93,705	768,855	373,390	395,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	42,935	48,034	37,847	31,255	33,342	29,674
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	37,875	41,450	34,190	28,320	29,815	27,221
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	201,100	107,490	93,605	766,660	371,595	395,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	54,457	59,930	48,171	41,666	44,615	38,892
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,936	48,541	40,797	35,191	37,100	33,395
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,340,925	671,760	669,165	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
In the bottom half of the distribution	502,555	241,985	260,565	2,265,245	1,078,695	1,186,555
In the bottom decile	97,810	47,710	50,105	537,405	258,275	279,140
In the second decile	89,910	40,945	48,965	449,395	205,320	244,075
In the third decile	95,570	45,350	50,220	420,355	198,845	221,510
In the fourth decile	104,180	50,900	53,280	422,805	203,710	219,095
In the fifth decile	115,085	57,085	58,005	435,290	212,555	222,735
In the top half of the distribution	838,375	429,775	408,600	2,294,990	1,158,795	1,136,195
In the sixth decile	125,585	62,540	63,040	442,070	218,225	223,845
In the seventh decile	138,545	69,965	68,580	451,795	226,240	225,555
In the eighth decile	157,745	80,805	76,945	462,900	233,935	228,970
In the ninth decile	186,920	96,095	90,825	473,535	241,165	232,375
In the top decile	229,575	120,365	109,210	464,685	239,235	225,450
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,332,530	667,500	665,025	4,477,875	2,196,415	2,281,460
0 to 17 years	294,235	150,710	143,530	822,390	422,685	399,710
0 to 5 years	104,230	53,155	51,075	260,110	133,670	126,445
18 to 64 years	884,570	444,810	439,760	2,876,495	1,404,390	1,472,105
65 years and over	153,720	71,985	81,740	778,990	369,345	409,645
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	124,430	58,460	65,965	694,960	325,015	369,940
0 to 17 years	39,060	20,005	19,060	151,880	78,110	73,770
0 to 5 years	14,785	7,565	7,220	46,920	24,035	22,885
18 to 64 years	73,305	34,040	39,265	427,085	198,475	228,615
65 years and over	12,060	4,415	7,645	115,990	48,430	67,560
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.8	9.9	15.5	14.8	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.3	13.3	13.3	18.5	18.5	18.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.2	14.2	14.1	18.0	18.0	18.1
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	7.7	8.9	14.8	14.1	15.5
65 years and over (%)	7.8	6.1	9.4	14.9	13.1	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105,460	51,295	54,160	491,645	236,430	255,215
0 to 17 years	29,780	15,205	14,580	99,330	50,890	48,450
0 to 5 years	11,365	5,805	5,565	29,250	14,930	14,315
18 to 64 years	70,045	33,930	36,115	345,345	165,740	179,605
65 years and over	5,630	2,165	3,465	46,965	19,805	27,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.9	7.7	8.1	11.0	10.8	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	10.1	10.2	12.1	12.0	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	10.9	10.9	11.2	11.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.6	8.2	12.0	11.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	3.7	3.0	4.2	6.0	5.4	6.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,235	2,237,490	2,322,745
Official languages	1,320,485	663,535	656,950	4,407,125	2,173,840	2,233,285
English	1,318,800	662,815	655,985	4,405,380	2,173,040	2,232,340
French	97,225	45,625	51,595	314,225	140,085	174,140
Non-official languages	403,605	196,230	207,370	1,546,550	727,200	819,355
Aboriginal languages	6,790	3,000	3,790	17,190	8,115	9,075
Algonquian languages	5,965	2,585	3,375	1,950	905	1,045
Blackfoot	50	10	35	35	0	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,760	2,505	3,255	1,600	795	805
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	20	0	15	15	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	15	10	0	10
Plains Cree	1,025	390	640	345	160	180
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	55	25	30
Woods Cree	265	125	135	80	45	40
Cree, n.o.s.	4,410	1,970	2,440	1,090	560	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	25	15	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	190	75	115	310	100	205
Algonquin	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ojibway	185	70	115	275	95	180
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	15	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	325	130	195	4,375	2,050	2,330
Northern Athabaskan languages	325	135	195	4,345	2,035	2,315
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	200	100	95
Beaver	0	0	0	255	130	130
Carrier	30	0	20	2,045	940	1,110
Chilcotin	10	10	0	1,130	525	605
Dene	215	75	135	130	55	80
Dogrib (Tlicho)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	35	25	15	125	60	75
North Slavey (Hare)	15	10	0	10	0	10
South Slavey	10	10	0	25	15	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	10	105	45	60
Tahltan languages	10	0	0	290	155	130
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tahltan	10	0	0	250	135	120
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haida	0	10	0	455	195	255
Inuit languages	75	30	45	170	70	95
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	15	0	10	20	10	10
Inuktitut	35	10	25	120	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	35	15	25
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	30	10	15
Cayuga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	25	10	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	170	95	80
Michif	60	35	25	110	50	60
Salish languages	30	15	15	5,660	2,690	2,970
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	105
Halkomelem	10	0	0	1,045	470	570
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	10	0	10	805	360	445
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,280	630	650
Squamish	0	0	0	280	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	440	220	220
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	540	280	260
Siouan languages	390	215	180	55	20	35
Dakota	120	70	50	30	15	15
Stoney	285	150	135	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tlingit	0	10	0	60	40	20
Tsimshian languages	20	10	10	2,685	1,330	1,350
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	1,275	635	645
Nisga'a	15	10	10	1,035	535	500
Tsimshian	0	0	0	405	180	230
Wakashan languages	0	10	0	1,460	670	795
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	105
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	120	50	70
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	10	0	590	275	315
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	560	265	295
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	240	105	135
Non-Aboriginal languages	396,955	193,305	203,650	1,529,635	719,190	810,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	45,040	23,355	21,690	35,115	18,585	16,530
Berber languages	205	105	100	145	95	45
Kabyle	85	45	40	65	40	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	80	60	20
Cushitic languages	9,800	4,985	4,815	2,070	955	1,120
Bilen	240	140	100	20	10	15
Oromo	1,210	650	565	245	140	110
Somali	8,395	4,220	4,175	1,800	815	985
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	0	10
Semitic languages	36,220	18,890	17,325	33,110	17,660	15,460
Amharic	4,090	2,080	2,010	2,095	1,050	1,045
Arabic	28,490	14,995	13,490	24,230	13,180	11,050
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	65	35	30	760	370	390
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	15	0	570	285	285
Harari	235	100	140	55	35	20
Hebrew	1,470	765	700	5,450	2,805	2,645
Maltese	75	35	35	315	155	155
Tigrigna	3,130	1,585	1,545	1,055	560	495
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	85	75	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages	12,870	6,000	6,865	35,915	17,130	18,785
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	525	570	1,875	850	1,020
Vietnamese	11,820	5,500	6,315	34,140	16,295	17,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	55	30	25
Austronesian languages	54,400	23,795	30,605	125,425	51,215	74,210
Bikol	75	40	40	530	215	310
Cebuano	2,585	1,145	1,440	5,365	2,000	3,370
Fijian	145	85	60	1,095	655	440
Hiligaynon	520	220	305	1,685	710	975
Ilocano	2,455	1,030	1,425	6,450	2,480	3,970
Malagasy	15	10	10	25	15	10
Malay	1,240	560	680	7,495	3,480	4,010
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	510	240	275	855	365	495
Pangasinan	170	70	100	480	205	275
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	51,625	22,520	29,105	113,265	45,455	67,805
Waray-Waray	105	30	70	320	130	195
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	430	185	245	1,515	740	775
Creole languages	2,155	1,155	1,005	2,485	1,320	1,165
Haitian Creole	115	65	50	135	55	75
Creole, n.o.s.	1,285	710	575	1,310	730	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	770	390	380	1,055	540	515
Dravidian languages	9,045	4,780	4,260	10,390	5,485	4,905
Kannada	400	190	200	510	250	265
Malayalam	4,600	2,370	2,230	3,350	1,795	1,550
Tamil	3,230	1,775	1,460	5,445	2,830	2,610
Telugu	1,365	730	635	1,720	970	750
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	70	45	30	85	30	55
Hmong-Mien languages	25	20	10	165	85	80
Indo-European languages	197,305	97,920	99,380	764,815	371,760	393,060
Albanian	885	490	390	1,640	840	795
Armenian	205	80	125	1,680	845	835
Balto-Slavic languages	40,470	19,095	21,375	94,050	44,710	49,340
Baltic languages	550	255	295	1,030	515	520
Latvian	250	120	125	555	290	265
Lithuanian	300	140	165	475	220	250
Slavic languages	40,140	18,940	21,200	93,235	44,305	48,940
Belarusan	110	60	50	245	115	125
Bosnian	1,135	545	590	2,075	1,020	1,050
Bulgarian	545	270	275	2,430	1,105	1,325
Croatian	2,820	1,560	1,260	10,685	5,255	5,430
Czech	1,045	445	600	7,480	3,665	3,815
Macedonian	230	105	125	400	220	185
Polish	11,455	5,620	5,835	19,175	8,980	10,190
Russian	9,350	4,410	4,940	33,990	15,850	18,135
Serbian	2,480	1,205	1,275	9,110	4,625	4,485
Serbo-Croatian	440	215	230	1,525	770	750
Slovak	760	410	345	4,270	2,045	2,225
Slovene (Slovenian)	285	140	145	1,375	610	760
Ukrainian	14,540	6,295	8,250	10,740	4,835	5,905
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	420	215	205
Celtic languages	435	250	185	1,855	990	865
Scottish Gaelic	160	70	85	660	395	265
Welsh	105	60	35	345	145	195
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	110	75	860	450	410
Germanic languages	29,760	14,630	15,130	136,685	65,350	71,335
Afrikaans	1,250	625	625	7,670	3,875	3,800
Danish	830	405	425	5,510	2,490	3,020
Dutch	5,120	2,460	2,660	24,060	11,520	12,550
Frisian	105	70	35	465	230	240
German	21,765	10,850	10,915	95,005	45,840	49,165
Icelandic	55	20	40	405	210	195
Norwegian	475	215	260	2,845	1,425	1,415
Swedish	630	305	330	4,825	2,125	2,695
Vlaams (Flemish)	90	40	50	545	270	275
Yiddish	65	35	35	505	225	280
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	155	95	60
Greek	1,580	785	795	9,095	4,725	4,370
Indo-Iranian languages	79,195	40,810	38,385	363,205	181,340	181,865
Indo-Aryan languages	72,440	37,245	35,190	311,955	155,465	156,490
Bengali	2,825	1,490	1,335	3,670	1,885	1,785
Gujarati	7,530	3,750	3,785	11,500	5,455	6,050
Hindi	27,515	14,360	13,160	81,330	39,950	41,380
Kashmiri	60	35	25	60	30	25
Konkani	170	75	95	415	215	200
Marathi	840	465	375	1,475	780	695
Nepali	1,995	1,075	920	1,485	725	760
Oriya (Odia)	100	55	45	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	36,220	18,680	17,535	244,485	122,450	122,035
Sindhi	1,750	805	940	3,300	1,415	1,885
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,840	945	895	2,430	1,265	1,170
Urdu	12,350	6,400	5,950	16,750	8,840	7,915
Iranian languages	7,260	3,805	3,455	52,300	26,435	25,870
Kurdish	855	520	335	2,225	1,185	1,040
Pashto	810	440	370	1,660	940	725
Persian (Farsi)	5,815	2,990	2,825	49,835	25,135	24,690
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	480	270	215	935	490	450
Italic (Romance) languages	49,465	24,205	25,255	177,685	83,505	94,185
Catalan	75	40	30	395	210	180
Italian	8,415	4,205	4,200	37,475	18,075	19,400
Portuguese	6,140	3,030	3,110	23,260	11,060	12,200
Romanian	3,025	1,550	1,475	10,045	4,945	5,105
Spanish	33,545	16,235	17,310	115,115	53,215	61,900
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	45	50	380	245	140
Japanese	2,570	1,115	1,455	36,990	15,955	21,040
Kartvelian languages	65	25	40	115	55	60
Georgian	60	25	35	115	55	55
Korean	7,210	3,400	3,810	57,490	26,310	31,180
Mongolic languages	145	65	80	370	170	200
Mongolian	145	60	80	370	165	195
Niger-Congo languages	13,335	6,775	6,560	8,025	4,130	3,895
Akan (Twi)	1,440	715	725	630	350	280
Bamanankan	35	15	15	30	20	15
Edo	290	140	145	145	80	60
Ewe	155	85	75	135	90	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	155	80	75	105	30	70
Ga	200	105	100	150	95	50
Ganda	430	210	220	165	80	85
Igbo	600	330	270	425	240	185
Lingala	750	370	375	280	125	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	600	285	315	125	45	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	910	485	425	290	125	165
Shona	1,025	500	525	415	220	195
Swahili	3,540	1,870	1,670	3,365	1,785	1,575
Wolof	225	130	85	50	25	30
Yoruba	1,610	845	770	885	455	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,370	1,655	1,720	1,835	840	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages	940	465	475	405	210	200
Dinka	570	265	305	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	370	200	170	325	155	165
Sign languages	2,820	1,090	1,730	7,545	2,865	4,680
American Sign Language	1,585	570	1,010	3,860	1,280	2,575
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,240	515	725	3,780	1,615	2,160
Sino-Tibetan languages	55,300	26,660	28,640	457,595	211,220	246,375
Chinese languages	54,425	26,200	28,225	454,885	209,850	245,030
Cantonese	28,835	13,750	15,085	234,445	108,485	125,960
Hakka	705	305	395	2,715	1,290	1,430
Mandarin	28,270	13,480	14,790	265,635	119,995	145,640
Min Dong	25	15	10	130	55	75
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,605	715	890	16,410	7,230	9,185
Wu (Shanghainese)	260	125	140	5,600	2,445	3,155
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,410	1,205	1,205	10,380	4,725	5,650
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	200	75	120
Tibeto-Burman languages	895	470	430	3,000	1,500	1,505
Burmese	245	130	110	1,490	730	755
Karenic languages	475	245	225	955	485	465
Tibetan	60	25	30	375	205	165
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	180	95	75	330	150	180
Tai-Kadai languages	1,320	525	795	5,635	2,190	3,450
Lao	580	270	310	1,630	735	890
Thai	835	270	560	4,275	1,535	2,740
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages	2,935	1,625	1,305	6,785	3,685	3,095
Azerbaijani	250	135	110	945	510	435
Turkish	2,405	1,350	1,055	5,585	3,025	2,555
Uyghur	145	70	75	115	60	55
Uzbek	145	80	65	170	95	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	75	30	40	275	140	130
Uralic languages	2,335	1,120	1,215	15,280	7,095	8,185
Estonian	40	30	15	780	350	425
Finnish	425	170	255	4,030	1,640	2,385
Hungarian	1,875	925	950	10,495	5,100	5,395
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	705	400	305	1,045	575	470
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,235	2,237,485	2,322,750
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,204,920	604,430	600,485	4,138,300	2,038,285	2,100,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	275,450	141,120	134,335	790,485	406,970	383,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	929,465	463,310	466,155	3,347,820	1,631,310	1,716,505
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	136,010	67,330	68,680	421,935	199,205	222,735
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,000,485	504,455	496,030	3,167,155	1,584,305	1,582,855
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	311,690	152,315	159,375	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Before 1981	62,195	31,070	31,130	356,155	171,330	184,825
1981 to 1990	34,230	16,735	17,485	152,220	70,475	81,750
1991 to 2000	47,295	22,185	25,110	287,505	132,190	155,315
2001 to 2010	88,735	43,620	45,115	321,240	147,250	173,985
2001 to 2005	36,875	18,010	18,870	147,735	67,425	80,305
2006 to 2010	51,860	25,615	26,245	173,505	79,825	93,680
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	79,240	38,700	40,535	175,555	82,555	92,995
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	28,750	14,995	13,760	100,405	49,385	51,020
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	311,690	152,320	159,375	1,292,670	603,800	688,875
Under 5 years	29,655	15,355	14,300	112,665	56,495	56,175
5 to 14 years	54,165	28,105	26,055	212,710	108,975	103,730
15 to 24 years	64,035	29,345	34,685	279,495	126,690	152,805
25 to 44 years	138,325	67,635	70,695	537,500	242,185	295,310
45 years and over	25,510	11,870	13,640	150,305	69,455	80,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	311,695	152,315	159,375	1,292,675	603,800	688,875
Americas	32,055	15,400	16,655	110,850	50,515	60,330
Brazil	810	335	470	3,800	1,545	2,260
Colombia	2,605	1,305	1,300	3,915	1,720	2,195
El Salvador	3,080	1,570	1,515	5,425	2,710	2,715
Guyana	1,415	630	785	1,305	600	710
Haiti	540	305	240	570	250	315
Jamaica	2,810	1,270	1,540	3,505	1,770	1,735
Mexico	2,520	1,270	1,245	10,375	4,425	5,945
Peru	560	225	340	3,265	1,330	1,930
Trinidad and Tobago	1,650	815	835	2,620	1,205	1,415
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,845	4,125	4,720	57,780	26,425	31,355
Other places of birth in Americas	7,220	3,555	3,660	18,295	8,530	9,765
Europe	66,915	33,285	33,625	319,885	156,975	162,915
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,945	990	950	4,570	2,230	2,345
Croatia	1,435	770	660	5,780	2,945	2,830
France	780	345	435	5,700	2,895	2,805
Germany	7,405	3,710	3,700	35,045	16,835	18,210
Greece	660	370	290	3,630	1,965	1,670
Hungary	975	485	490	6,175	3,145	3,030
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,540	820	715	5,890	3,090	2,795
Italy	3,520	1,895	1,620	15,405	8,050	7,355
Netherlands	4,030	2,125	1,905	18,225	9,365	8,855
Poland	8,105	3,890	4,215	15,115	6,965	8,145
Portugal	2,570	1,270	1,305	8,215	4,125	4,090
Romania	2,345	1,190	1,150	8,995	4,400	4,595
Russian Federation	2,370	1,020	1,355	10,920	4,700	6,215
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	885	390	490	4,480	2,225	2,260
Ukraine	3,790	1,660	2,125	7,500	3,520	3,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	17,305	8,820	8,480	123,810	60,975	62,835
Other places of birth in Europe	7,260	3,530	3,725	40,425	19,545	20,880
Africa	37,320	19,305	18,015	42,805	21,500	21,310
Algeria	380	195	185	485	310	175
Egypt	2,065	1,165	895	2,705	1,480	1,225
Ethiopia	4,015	2,045	1,970	2,070	1,015	1,060
Kenya	2,010	1,025	980	4,705	2,175	2,535
Morocco	805	495	310	985	535	455
Nigeria	3,260	1,745	1,520	1,740	925	815
Somalia	4,590	2,255	2,335	1,080	515	570
South Africa, Republic of	2,275	1,085	1,195	13,375	6,700	6,675
Other places of birth in Africa	17,915	9,290	8,625	15,645	7,840	7,800
Asia	171,130	82,205	88,925	788,055	359,835	428,220
Afghanistan	1,495	770	725	5,040	2,550	2,490
Bangladesh	1,615	805	805	2,125	1,080	1,040
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	19,755	9,050	10,710	199,990	89,145	110,845
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	7,375	3,565	3,805	74,210	34,120	40,090
India	38,950	19,915	19,030	162,650	79,395	83,245
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,715	1,440	1,280	37,160	18,890	18,270
Iraq	2,100	1,140	960	5,550	2,855	2,690
Japan	710	205	505	13,365	3,840	9,520
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,995	2,345	2,650	41,515	18,870	22,645
Lebanon	5,135	2,805	2,325	2,235	1,290	950
Pakistan	8,305	4,270	4,030	10,665	5,470	5,190
Philippines	46,175	20,220	25,950	112,100	45,890	66,210
Sri Lanka	2,130	1,060	1,075	4,585	2,360	2,230
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,035	1,100	930	2,845	1,450	1,400
Taiwan	1,030	445	590	38,900	17,450	21,450
Viet Nam	10,435	4,875	5,565	27,875	12,970	14,905
Other places of birth in Asia	16,185	8,190	7,995	47,255	22,215	25,045
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	4,275	2,120	2,155	31,075	14,975	16,100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	79,240	38,705	40,540	175,555	82,555	92,995
Americas	5,910	2,775	3,130	14,550	7,160	7,385
Brazil	270	110	160	1,145	525	615
Colombia	575	235	335	580	250	325
Cuba	255	115	135	140	60	80
Haiti	180	100	80	35	35	10
Jamaica	685	290	390	625	355	265
Mexico	995	515	485	2,885	1,420	1,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,490	680	810	6,485	3,290	3,190
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	85	140	270	115	155
Other places of birth in Americas	1,240	640	600	2,380	1,105	1,275
Europe	7,410	3,790	3,620	19,735	10,260	9,475
France	105	55	50	970	510	460
Germany	575	330	245	1,450	775	675
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	530	330	205	1,430	900	530
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	205	85	120	245	120	125
Romania	375	175	200	690	310	380
Russian Federation	460	170	290	1,735	620	1,110
Ukraine	900	415	490	1,230	495	735
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	1,885	1,040	840	6,540	3,840	2,695
Other places of birth in Europe	2,365	1,185	1,180	5,455	2,685	2,765
Africa	11,820	5,990	5,830	6,200	3,150	3,050
Algeria	40	15	30	65	40	20
Cameroon	375	180	195	65	25	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	525	250	280	150	80	75
Côte d'Ivoire	285	130	155	20	10	10
Egypt	745	410	335	625	340	290
Eritrea	990	515	475	320	175	145
Ethiopia	1,225	630	595	305	170	140
Morocco	245	145	100	205	115	95
Nigeria	1,565	835	730	645	325	315
Somalia	1,385	685	705	355	145	215
South Africa, Republic of	505	250	255	1,625	815	810
Tunisia	155	80	80	80	30	45
Other places of birth in Africa	3,770	1,870	1,900	1,745	890	860
Asia	53,380	25,775	27,605	131,880	60,140	71,735
Afghanistan	225	115	105	870	455	415
Bangladesh	555	270	285	470	230	245
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	3,680	1,655	2,030	38,105	16,965	21,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	305	110	195	1,800	770	1,030
India	13,635	7,130	6,500	27,460	13,780	13,680
IranCensus data footnote 61	890	480	415	8,645	4,315	4,330
Iraq	705	360	345	1,910	940	965
Israel	250	135	115	365	205	160
Japan	200	70	135	2,285	570	1,715
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,505	745	755	8,025	3,430	4,595
Lebanon	800	410	385	265	155	110
Nepal	1,105	585	525	310	115	195
Pakistan	1,985	990	995	1,965	990	975
Philippines	21,940	10,010	11,930	26,680	11,615	15,065
Saudi Arabia	380	215	165	400	180	215
Sri Lanka	765	365	400	535	265	265
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,410	750	650	2,185	1,095	1,085
Taiwan	130	45	90	2,505	970	1,530
Turkey	220	130	85	395	220	170
United Arab Emirates	310	170	140	385	195	195
Viet Nam	760	300	465	1,780	685	1,090
Other places of birth in Asia	1,640	750	890	4,545	1,980	2,560
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	725	380	345	3,185	1,845	1,340
Australia	275	145	130	1,920	1,130	790
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	450	235	210	1,265	715	550
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,340,925	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
First generationCensus data footnote 69	347,495	170,895	176,600	1,426,450	670,440	756,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	262,490	131,805	130,690	1,043,860	523,340	520,520
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	730,940	369,060	361,880	2,089,925	1,043,705	1,046,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	254,400	123,755	130,650	955,955	442,040	513,915
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	137,205	69,435	67,770	537,875	258,560	279,315
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	55,745	34,490	21,255	209,685	123,645	86,040
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	81,455	34,945	46,515	328,185	134,915	193,275
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	73,075	30,225	42,850	323,440	133,775	189,670
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	42,455	23,215	19,235	82,360	44,250	38,110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,670	880	790	12,285	5,455	6,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	83,750	39,935	43,815	270,585	130,265	140,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	81,895	39,085	42,805	263,540	127,115	136,425
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	39,585	18,605	20,980	172,520	83,645	88,880
Métis	41,155	19,885	21,265	89,405	42,715	46,690
Inuk (Inuit)	1,160	595	565	1,610	760	855
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,100	525	580	4,350	2,090	2,260
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	755	325	435	2,695	1,060	1,635
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,257,175	631,830	625,350	4,289,655	2,107,225	2,182,430
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,485	2,322,750
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	35,180	16,305	18,870	135,835	65,560	70,280
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,305,750	655,460	650,295	4,424,400	2,171,930	2,252,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	28,055	13,285	14,770	91,710	45,690	46,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	26,965	12,785	14,185	90,390	45,100	45,295
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	20,465	9,690	10,770	79,875	39,685	40,190
Métis single ancestry	6,200	2,955	3,245	10,080	5,215	4,865
Inuit single ancestry	305	145	170	430	200	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,085	500	585	1,325	595	725
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,000	455	545	1,175	535	635
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	45	25	20	100	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	20	15	45	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	70,060	33,785	36,275	211,100	100,835	110,260
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	66,360	32,140	34,215	201,895	96,650	105,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	36,390	17,480	18,910	130,020	62,170	67,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	28,960	14,110	14,855	70,180	33,595	36,585
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,005	555	450	1,700	890	815
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,705	1,640	2,065	9,200	4,185	5,015
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,435	1,525	1,910	8,865	4,050	4,810
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	150	65	85	165	75	90
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	45	65	125	35	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	45	20	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,242,815	624,695	618,120	4,257,430	2,090,960	2,166,465
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,340,930	671,765	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	366,380	181,790	184,585	1,381,235	658,260	722,975
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	91,730	47,375	44,355	365,705	183,650	182,055
Chinese	60,330	29,325	31,005	508,480	237,805	270,670
Black	58,130	29,865	28,265	43,500	22,455	21,045
Filipino	62,175	28,015	34,160	145,025	62,505	82,520
Latin American	18,895	9,610	9,285	44,115	20,600	23,515
Arab	25,695	13,715	11,980	19,840	10,865	8,980
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	17,275	8,270	9,005	54,920	25,975	28,950
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	6,750	3,485	3,270	48,695	24,880	23,810
Korean	7,625	3,650	3,975	60,495	27,915	32,580
Japanese	2,530	1,005	1,525	41,230	17,435	23,800
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	4,080	1,930	2,145	8,760	4,280	4,485
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	11,160	5,545	5,615	40,465	19,900	20,565
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	974,550	489,975	484,575	3,179,005	1,579,230	1,599,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,340,930	671,760	669,165	4,560,240	2,237,490	2,322,750
North American Aboriginal origins	98,110	47,070	51,045	302,810	146,530	156,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	61,500	29,250	32,255	220,245	106,595	113,650
Inuit	1,670	860	805	2,615	1,280	1,340
Métis	39,755	19,110	20,640	90,515	43,460	47,050
Other North American origins	293,795	149,610	144,185	922,690	460,355	462,335
Acadian	1,930	1,100	830	3,940	1,960	1,980
American	21,055	10,180	10,870	78,170	37,765	40,405
Canadian	277,720	141,540	136,185	866,530	432,975	433,560
New Brunswicker	20	15	0	60	45	15
Newfoundlander	585	320	255	1,875	995	880
Nova Scotian	80	55	25	185	95	85
Ontarian	10	0	10	130	55	75
Québécois	495	285	215	1,830	945	880
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	90	45	50	405	175	230
European origins	845,035	421,410	423,625	2,857,080	1,408,510	1,448,575
British Isles origins	489,035	243,945	245,095	1,926,040	945,580	980,460
Channel Islander	70	20	45	455	230	220
Cornish	75	50	25	610	340	265
English	269,300	133,075	136,225	1,203,540	585,700	617,845
Irish	192,520	93,390	99,130	675,135	318,455	356,675
Manx	310	150	155	1,810	835	975
Scottish	216,300	106,900	109,405	860,775	417,080	443,700
Welsh	25,710	12,445	13,265	113,905	54,260	59,645
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	29,185	14,235	14,950	122,700	59,225	63,475
French origins	147,625	71,840	75,780	388,815	184,705	204,110
Alsatian	85	50	40	210	95	115
Breton	35	20	15	110	45	65
Corsican	90	50	40	105	40	65
French	147,485	71,765	75,720	388,580	184,595	203,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	287,375	141,995	145,385	839,860	411,165	428,695
Austrian	14,005	6,690	7,310	48,510	23,030	25,485
Bavarian	45	20	20	225	105	120
Belgian	7,300	3,500	3,795	19,980	9,615	10,360
Dutch	59,790	29,495	30,295	213,670	105,040	108,630
Flemish	745	320	420	2,215	1,145	1,075
Frisian	145	90	55	850	425	425
German	224,125	110,560	113,570	603,265	294,860	308,410
Luxembourger	205	110	95	695	340	355
Swiss	6,560	3,330	3,230	31,390	15,510	15,880
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	190	80	115	905	425	485
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	99,010	47,690	51,315	346,525	166,100	180,425
Danish	16,390	7,815	8,575	58,205	27,985	30,220
Finnish	5,565	2,780	2,785	34,150	16,285	17,870
Icelandic	5,470	2,800	2,665	26,410	12,860	13,545
Norwegian	46,055	22,100	23,955	138,430	66,870	71,565
Swedish	31,770	14,655	17,110	110,030	51,000	59,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	4,370	2,175	2,195	15,080	7,610	7,470
Eastern European origins	261,435	126,865	134,565	569,260	275,900	293,360
Bulgarian	910	470	440	4,015	1,875	2,140
Byelorussian	1,070	575	485	2,760	1,400	1,365
Czech	6,265	3,080	3,180	23,375	11,500	11,875
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	3,105	1,495	1,615	7,970	3,795	4,175
Estonian	700	325	375	4,840	2,250	2,590
Hungarian	14,970	7,305	7,665	56,535	27,450	29,090
Latvian	1,280	590	690	4,935	2,565	2,370
Lithuanian	2,090	1,040	1,045	7,225	3,465	3,755
Moldovan	390	170	220	1,085	510	580
Polish	75,115	36,530	38,585	149,635	71,605	78,030
Romanian	11,740	5,700	6,040	31,250	15,125	16,125
Russian	29,580	14,095	15,480	131,060	62,880	68,180
Slovak	3,265	1,545	1,720	11,220	5,440	5,780
Ukrainian	164,105	79,445	84,655	229,205	111,285	117,915
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	620	325	295	3,555	1,645	1,915
Southern European origins	78,235	39,290	38,940	334,740	164,780	169,960
Albanian	805	445	360	1,925	975	950
Bosnian	1,535	770	765	3,290	1,635	1,655
Catalan	35	30	0	120	85	30
Croatian	5,310	2,925	2,385	23,845	12,180	11,660
Cypriot	60	40	25	440	230	205
Greek	5,110	2,635	2,480	24,460	12,410	12,050
Italian	34,295	17,455	16,845	166,095	83,095	83,000
Kosovar	175	85	85	280	135	145
Macedonian	410	205	205	1,205	620	580
Maltese	485	260	225	2,645	1,350	1,295
Montenegrin	105	70	40	710	360	350
Portuguese	10,845	5,540	5,305	41,770	20,620	21,145
Serbian	3,420	1,665	1,755	12,895	6,625	6,270
Sicilian	90	45	45	545	295	255
Slovenian	1,385	730	655	5,555	2,725	2,825
Spanish	16,945	7,795	9,150	64,470	29,245	35,225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,725	850	875	7,080	3,360	3,725
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	60	30	25	395	200	195
Other European origins	7,505	3,965	3,540	34,700	17,800	16,900
Basque	120	55	70	840	470	375
Jewish	3,820	2,080	1,745	17,580	8,950	8,635
Roma (Gypsy)	120	55	70	805	320	485
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	295	145	150	965	520	450
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,195	1,660	1,535	14,715	7,635	7,080
Caribbean origins	15,390	7,670	7,720	25,010	12,350	12,660
Antiguan	130	65	65	220	115	105
Bahamian	105	70	35	255	140	110
Barbadian	890	435	455	1,870	945	930
Bermudan	45	30	15	335	155	175
Carib	50	25	25	70	50	25
Cuban	970	520	455	1,320	615	700
Dominican	360	185	180	735	330	410
Grenadian	345	180	160	380	195	185
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haitian	880	505	375	1,140	530	615
Jamaican	7,545	3,705	3,835	10,545	5,425	5,120
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	0	20	130	70	55
Martinican	0	10	0	25	0	20
Montserratan	20	0	20	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	105	45	55	570	260	310
St. Lucian	230	120	110	190	85	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,500	1,300	1,200	4,170	2,085	2,085
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	50	90	415	180	230
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,110	525	585	2,120	930	1,190
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	920	450	475	1,920	945	975
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,870	12,450	12,425	69,920	33,580	36,335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	765	330	435	2,625	1,350	1,275
Arawak	10	10	0	90	45	45
Argentinian	385	220	165	2,025	910	1,120
Belizean	60	35	20	125	60	65
Bolivian	90	40	50	375	145	230
Brazilian	1,010	480	530	5,455	2,465	2,990
Chilean	3,940	1,980	1,965	5,700	2,740	2,955
Colombian	3,575	1,760	1,810	5,860	2,805	3,055
Costa Rican	150	75	70	810	385	425
Ecuadorian	295	145	150	1,040	490	550
Guatemalan	700	370	325	2,575	1,310	1,265
Guyanese	1,605	765	840	1,925	995	935
Hispanic	760	395	370	1,535	720	810
Honduran	180	110	70	1,445	750	695
Maya	235	120	115	930	475	455
Mexican	5,350	2,780	2,565	23,055	11,025	12,035
Nicaraguan	510	265	245	1,520	735	785
Panamanian	105	50	50	325	140	185
Paraguayan	25	15	10	895	475	420
Peruvian	875	430	450	3,905	1,775	2,135
Salvadorean	4,005	2,015	1,990	6,815	3,390	3,425
Uruguayan	140	85	55	410	205	205
Venezuelan	725	340	385	1,900	915	980
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,080	550	530	3,310	1,605	1,705
African origins	59,640	30,760	28,885	59,985	30,635	29,345
Central and West African origins	12,975	6,840	6,140	7,075	3,810	3,265
Akan	30	20	10	40	30	10
Angolan	125	75	50	90	55	35
Ashanti	35	25	15	85	30	50
Beninese	35	20	15	35	20	15
Burkinabe	80	45	35	45	30	15
Cameroonian	780	385	390	150	85	70
Chadian	10	10	0	70	50	25
Congolese	2,275	1,195	1,085	810	405	400
Edo	210	125	80	85	55	30
Ewe	55	30	30	55	25	30
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	35	25	15	25	10	15
Ghanaian	2,110	1,100	1,010	1,600	865	730
Guinean	285	150	135	130	45	80
Ibo	385	215	170	280	160	115
Ivorian	405	215	190	100	55	50
Liberian	655	305	345	250	95	150
Malian	35	10	15	80	55	25
Malinké	70	40	30	10	0	0
Nigerian	3,575	1,860	1,715	2,615	1,430	1,185
Peulh	60	40	20	20	0	15
Senegalese	250	160	90	95	75	25
Sierra Leonean	470	250	220	130	60	65
Togolese	50	20	30	100	70	40
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	835	425	405	255	135	125
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	900	505	395	620	305	315
North African origins	9,250	4,855	4,400	9,840	5,210	4,630
Algerian	500	225	270	770	465	305
Berber	240	155	85	210	130	80
Coptic	95	45	50	150	90	65
Dinka	200	105	95	45	25	15
Egyptian	3,355	1,775	1,580	4,520	2,340	2,180
Libyan	595	300	290	420	275	140
Maure	30	25	15	150	60	90
Moroccan	1,195	650	550	2,005	1,105	895
Sudanese	2,760	1,455	1,300	1,225	535	695
Tunisian	375	185	190	500	290	215
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	235	110	125	215	115	105
Southern and East African origins	27,515	14,195	13,315	24,800	12,345	12,450
Afrikaner	85	45	35	705	355	355
Amhara	185	100	90	115	60	50
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	415	230	180	255	140	120
Burundian	690	380	315	215	95	120
Djiboutian	155	85	75	0	0	0
Eritrean	3,480	1,790	1,690	1,055	550	505
Ethiopian	5,330	2,675	2,660	2,550	1,280	1,270
Harari	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kenyan	965	505	465	1,615	775	845
Malagasy	50	30	20	105	65	40
Mauritian	205	105	100	975	520	450
Oromo	555	350	205	140	75	65
Rwandan	1,125	600	530	420	225	195
Seychellois	10	10	0	25	15	15
Somali	9,800	4,995	4,810	2,295	1,115	1,180
South African	1,840	945	895	11,060	5,510	5,550
Tanzanian	475	305	170	490	220	275
Tigrian	255	130	125	205	110	95
Ugandan	655	355	300	775	390	380
Zambian	120	70	50	210	95	110
Zimbabwean	1,380	690	690	855	445	405
Zulu	170	75	100	75	25	45
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,535	785	745	1,840	910	930
Other African origins	11,130	5,550	5,575	19,215	9,745	9,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,235	620	620	2,660	1,315	1,340
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	10,080	5,030	5,050	16,740	8,515	8,225
Asian origins	290,940	143,050	147,890	1,312,445	624,270	688,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40,585	21,295	19,285	99,560	51,315	48,245
Afghan	2,490	1,315	1,180	7,895	4,005	3,885
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,435	2,420	2,020	5,660	3,125	2,540
Armenian	620	310	310	3,715	1,905	1,815
Assyrian	180	80	95	545	295	250
Azerbaijani	300	150	150	990	570	425
Georgian	120	60	60	740	380	355
Hazara	105	55	50	55	30	20
Iranian	4,630	2,375	2,250	47,985	24,290	23,695
Iraqi	2,065	1,085	980	5,575	2,860	2,715
Israeli	705	360	345	2,655	1,370	1,285
Jordanian	640	320	325	785	425	355
Kazakh	105	50	55	385	205	175
Kurd	1,065	595	465	2,120	1,165	950
Kuwaiti	115	55	65	125	85	40
Kyrgyz	30	15	10	175	90	85
Lebanese	15,370	7,965	7,410	7,980	4,175	3,805
Palestinian	2,915	1,615	1,300	2,625	1,410	1,210
Pashtun	235	105	130	360	200	160
Saudi Arabian	195	100	95	975	615	360
Syrian	3,040	1,560	1,480	3,955	1,905	2,055
Tajik	65	45	20	260	135	125
Tatar	145	60	85	790	365	425
Turk	2,770	1,535	1,240	6,355	3,485	2,865
Turkmen	45	20	35	120	70	55
Uighur	100	50	50	130	65	60
Uzbek	175	85	90	270	150	120
Yemeni	250	130	125	300	185	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	895	500	400	2,635	1,340	1,295
South Asian origins	91,935	47,380	44,560	363,885	182,650	181,235
Bangladeshi	1,450	715	730	1,840	925	920
Bengali	610	340	270	850	405	445
Bhutanese	75	45	30	120	65	55
East Indian	72,500	37,240	35,260	309,315	154,795	154,520
Goan	85	45	45	485	245	240
Gujarati	485	255	235	700	335	365
Kashmiri	105	55	50	185	100	85
Nepali	1,850	1,000	845	1,495	690	805
Pakistani	8,450	4,350	4,100	12,585	6,565	6,015
Punjabi	6,285	3,330	2,955	38,725	19,700	19,025
Sinhalese	270	155	120	620	325	300
Sri Lankan	2,340	1,190	1,150	5,710	2,970	2,740
Tamil	480	245	230	1,235	670	560
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,950	1,015	940	8,245	4,070	4,170
East and Southeast Asian origins	159,905	75,095	84,805	855,345	393,475	461,875
Burmese	455	235	215	2,310	1,135	1,175
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,570	805	765	3,235	1,580	1,655
Chinese	72,220	34,785	37,435	540,155	253,065	287,090
Filipino	65,340	29,585	35,750	158,215	68,710	89,505
Hmong	0	0	0	130	70	60
Indonesian	955	455	505	6,625	3,115	3,510
Japanese	3,750	1,600	2,145	51,150	22,200	28,945
Karen	395	225	175	895	450	445
Korean	8,020	3,835	4,190	63,300	29,330	33,975
Laotian	765	395	370	2,530	1,275	1,255
Malaysian	1,465	670	795	5,060	2,260	2,800
Mongolian	355	160	200	1,495	740	760
Singaporean	150	70	80	1,055	490	560
Taiwanese	665	290	375	21,455	9,810	11,650
Thai	1,035	375	660	5,065	1,870	3,195
Tibetan	60	25	30	550	290	260
Vietnamese	14,190	6,830	7,360	41,435	20,205	21,230
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	370	190	180	785	310	470
Other Asian origins	950	510	445	2,500	1,250	1,250
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	955	510	445	2,500	1,250	1,255
Oceania origins	5,040	2,595	2,445	41,125	20,605	20,520
Australian	1,990	1,040	950	16,240	8,385	7,855
New Zealander	720	395	325	6,565	3,405	3,155
Pacific Islands origins	2,460	1,225	1,235	19,135	9,240	9,890
Fijian	1,910	930	980	14,145	6,895	7,250
Hawaiian	150	75	75	2,200	970	1,235
Maori	200	105	90	1,120	595	530
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	70	30	40	600	275	325
Samoan	65	45	20	485	255	230
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	75	50	25	905	440	465
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Owner	362,170	...	...	1,279,020	...	...
Renter	155,205	...	...	599,360	...	...
Band housing	1,575	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Condominium	100,450	...	...	416,770	...	...
Not condominium	418,500	...	...	1,465,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
No bedrooms	2,635	...	...	22,705	...	...
1 bedroom	57,205	...	...	311,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	111,355	...	...	514,015	...	...
3 bedrooms	183,405	...	...	513,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	164,350	...	...	521,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	139,305	...	...	642,910	...	...
5 rooms	79,995	...	...	274,780	...	...
6 rooms	73,965	...	...	235,845	...	...
7 rooms	65,535	...	...	199,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	160,145	...	...	528,720	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	518,955	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	506,715	...	...	1,839,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	12,235	...	...	42,120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	518,950	...	...	1,881,965	...	...
Suitable	491,330	...	...	1,781,905	...	...
Not suitable	27,625	...	...	100,060	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1960 or before	63,950	...	...	267,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	159,280	...	...	559,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	63,875	...	...	289,565	...	...
1991 to 2000	61,780	...	...	331,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	49,420	...	...	125,335	...	...
2006 to 2010	58,510	...	...	171,945	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	62,140	...	...	136,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	518,955	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	490,215	...	...	1,763,105	...	...
Major repairs needed	28,740	...	...	118,865	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	293,980	...	...	1,091,500	...	...
2 household maintainers	206,345	...	...	725,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	18,625	...	...	64,790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	518,950	...	...	1,881,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	20,220	...	...	58,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	99,665	...	...	253,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	103,260	...	...	304,185	...	...
45 to 54 years	102,985	...	...	378,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	96,150	...	...	390,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	56,725	...	...	288,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	29,790	...	...	152,225	...	...
85 years and over	10,165	...	...	56,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	511,550	...	...	1,832,420	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	399,755	...	...	1,320,210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	111,790	...	...	512,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	97,440	...	...	420,705	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	358,775	...	...	1,242,600	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	64.9	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.1	...	...	20.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,525	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,547	...	...	1,387	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,760	...	...	500,874	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	434,673	...	...	720,689	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	154,950	...	...	592,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.3	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	37.7	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,252	...	...	1,036	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,286	...	...	1,149	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,089,050	543,025	546,020	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	171,650	87,785	83,865	601,640	305,320	296,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	306,490	149,245	157,245	1,138,565	549,580	588,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	610,915	306,000	304,910	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	108,615	87,090	21,525	338,980	250,270	88,720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	30,560	18,460	12,095	142,935	83,055	59,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	78,055	68,625	9,425	196,045	167,210	28,840
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	208,740	87,130	121,610	700,945	280,300	420,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,760	13,730	21,030	138,010	54,420	83,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	258,800	118,055	140,745	952,240	442,880	509,360
Bachelor's degree	179,610	77,690	101,920	622,670	281,020	341,655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	14,180	6,385	7,795	69,005	28,575	40,430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,135	4,410	3,730	29,110	16,690	12,420
Master's degree	46,305	22,875	23,425	195,825	94,360	101,465
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	10,560	6,690	3,870	35,625	22,240	13,390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	763,510	382,410	381,100	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	76,460	41,465	34,995	244,000	134,410	109,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	190,600	93,970	96,635	671,010	330,835	340,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	496,450	246,975	249,475	1,617,965	761,790	856,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	83,980	68,290	15,690	231,445	172,290	59,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	22,370	13,990	8,375	97,350	56,920	40,435
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	61,605	54,295	7,310	134,095	115,370	18,725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	169,130	71,040	98,095	528,805	210,880	317,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,950	10,805	16,145	99,695	39,205	60,490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	216,390	96,845	119,545	758,015	339,415	418,605
Bachelor's degree	149,845	64,170	85,675	497,845	219,005	278,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	11,005	4,815	6,185	52,955	20,995	31,965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,905	3,510	3,400	22,440	11,665	10,775
Master's degree	40,310	19,295	21,010	159,740	73,335	86,405
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,330	5,055	3,275	25,030	14,420	10,615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,089,050	543,030	546,020	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	478,135	237,025	241,110	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Education	43,175	10,970	32,205	144,100	34,915	109,185
13. Education	43,175	10,970	32,205	144,100	34,910	109,185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,385	7,580	9,805	98,735	44,465	54,275
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,375	2,335	1,040	16,970	12,880	4,090
50. Visual and performing arts	14,015	5,250	8,765	81,765	31,580	50,185
Humanities	24,465	10,165	14,295	124,600	49,025	75,575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,755	785	1,980	15,235	3,675	11,555
23. English language and literature/letters	5,200	1,630	3,575	34,710	10,845	23,865
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,545	2,820	4,730	35,720	13,670	22,050
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	75	30	40	585	210	375
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,730	1,040	690	6,710	4,050	2,660
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,585	2,065	1,520	12,275	7,400	4,880
54. History	2,980	1,675	1,305	15,780	8,475	7,300
55. French language and literature/letters	580	120	455	3,580	705	2,880
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55,060	18,195	36,860	245,990	87,960	158,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	930	215	725	4,120	1,060	3,060
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,380	2,260	3,120	23,180	8,505	14,680
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,775	810	8,960	38,070	3,285	34,785
22. Legal professions and studies	10,250	3,355	6,890	38,505	13,545	24,955
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	760	255	500	4,325	1,345	2,985
42. Psychology	10,625	3,010	7,615	43,230	12,480	30,750
45. Social sciences	17,345	8,290	9,060	94,560	47,755	46,810
Business, management and public administration	121,065	45,535	75,530	426,460	166,470	259,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	215	50	165	775	215	560
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,290	1,520	5,770	26,520	5,960	20,565
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	113,560	43,960	69,595	399,160	160,295	238,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,190	13,275	12,915	86,425	46,070	40,355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,240	4,485	5,750	36,760	16,800	19,960
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,305	2,830	3,470	19,025	9,400	9,620
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	150	30	120	835	225	610
40. Physical sciences	7,455	4,985	2,465	26,370	18,395	7,975
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,045	940	1,105	3,440	1,255	2,185
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,730	13,300	8,430	80,070	51,490	28,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	17,150	11,415	5,740	62,795	43,900	18,890
25. Library science	1,825	240	1,585	5,560	755	4,805
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,615	1,555	1,055	10,875	6,295	4,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	145	90	55	835	540	300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,390	146,275	15,115	427,670	388,335	39,340
04. Architecture and related services	4,055	2,645	1,410	15,490	9,985	5,505
14. Engineering	34,575	28,290	6,280	98,455	81,055	17,395
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30,185	26,385	3,800	68,500	60,490	8,010
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	90	25	65
46. Construction trades	38,290	36,740	1,555	100,765	97,615	3,150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	32,440	31,355	1,090	97,720	94,520	3,200
48. Precision production	21,825	20,860	970	46,660	44,650	2,015
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,190	6,625	4,570	50,210	31,680	18,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,105	4,065	3,040	24,950	13,670	11,275
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,085	2,560	1,525	25,260	18,010	7,250
Health and related fields	97,530	18,810	78,720	322,715	65,735	256,975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,075	2,830	3,245	23,740	11,920	11,820
51. Health professions and related programs	88,820	14,475	74,345	290,645	48,985	241,655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,635	1,500	1,135	8,330	4,835	3,495
Personal, protective and transportation services	31,675	15,245	16,435	122,855	61,605	61,250
12. Personal and culinary services	18,790	5,115	13,675	79,740	24,860	54,885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	50	0	320	290	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	335	295	40	1,235	1,120	115
43. Security and protective services	6,650	4,360	2,285	13,935	10,390	3,545
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,855	5,420	430	27,620	24,945	2,680
Other	50	25	25	355	115	240
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	30	25	350	115	240
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	763,515	382,405	381,100	2,532,980	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	267,060	135,430	131,630	915,015	465,250	449,765
Education	32,085	7,610	24,475	96,005	21,035	74,970
13. Education	32,085	7,610	24,475	96,010	21,035	74,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,965	6,055	7,915	77,655	34,430	43,225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,545	1,760	785	12,710	9,580	3,130
50. Visual and performing arts	11,420	4,290	7,130	64,940	24,845	40,090
Humanities	19,720	8,065	11,660	93,605	35,490	58,115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,310	635	1,670	11,710	2,510	9,195
23. English language and literature/letters	4,205	1,290	2,915	25,665	7,810	17,850
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,305	2,325	3,985	28,260	10,505	17,750
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	60	35	25	425	170	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,415	850	570	4,970	2,960	2,010
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,685	1,575	1,110	8,330	4,945	3,385
54. History	2,320	1,275	1,045	11,805	6,140	5,665
55. French language and literature/letters	430	80	350	2,445	455	2,000
Social and behavioural sciences and law	46,435	14,955	31,485	196,450	67,000	129,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	800	185	615	3,460	845	2,615
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,670	1,905	2,770	19,685	6,940	12,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	8,060	660	7,400	29,855	2,505	27,350
22. Legal professions and studies	8,910	2,615	6,295	31,190	9,665	21,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	610	220	395	3,540	1,110	2,425
42. Psychology	8,620	2,380	6,235	33,055	8,845	24,210
45. Social sciences	14,760	6,985	7,775	75,665	37,095	38,575
Business, management and public administration	100,785	37,685	63,100	335,220	128,975	206,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	185	40	145	540	170	365
44. Public administration and social service professions	6,060	1,175	4,885	20,695	4,240	16,455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	94,540	36,465	58,080	313,985	124,565	189,425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,490	10,055	10,440	63,705	32,325	31,385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	8,140	3,465	4,675	28,505	12,595	15,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,730	2,120	2,610	13,825	6,570	7,260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	145	30	120	645	160	485
40. Physical sciences	5,910	3,775	2,140	18,525	12,250	6,270
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,565	665	905	2,210	750	1,460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	19,065	11,735	7,340	68,660	44,820	23,840
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,505	10,310	5,195	56,390	39,660	16,725
25. Library science	1,435	210	1,230	3,830	545	3,290
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,015	1,145	865	7,760	4,185	3,570
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	110	70	45	680	430	250
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	131,095	117,950	13,145	310,855	277,375	33,475
04. Architecture and related services	3,280	2,045	1,240	12,110	7,240	4,875
14. Engineering	29,480	23,890	5,590	76,935	61,380	15,560
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	24,675	21,480	3,195	48,690	42,285	6,405
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	65	20	45
46. Construction trades	30,855	29,500	1,355	72,800	70,225	2,570
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25,390	24,465	925	69,025	66,545	2,480
48. Precision production	17,405	16,565	840	31,225	29,690	1,535
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,890	5,015	3,865	39,360	23,810	15,555
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,425	2,875	2,550	18,965	9,875	9,090
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,460	2,140	1,320	20,395	13,930	6,470
Health and related fields	78,555	15,430	63,125	244,975	50,520	194,460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,960	2,335	2,625	18,900	9,380	9,520
51. Health professions and related programs	71,350	11,885	59,470	219,800	37,800	182,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,240	1,210	1,030	6,285	3,340	2,940
Personal, protective and transportation services	25,320	12,410	12,910	91,185	45,925	45,265
12. Personal and culinary services	14,690	4,080	10,610	58,820	18,880	39,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	45	0	195	165	30
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	190	30	570	505	65
43. Security and protective services	5,555	3,600	1,950	11,175	8,110	3,060
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,815	4,495	320	20,430	18,265	2,165
Other	45	25	20	275	85	185
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	25	20	270	85	185
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,089,050	543,025	546,020	3,870,380	1,882,770	1,987,610
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	478,135	237,030	241,110	1,740,205	854,900	885,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	610,910	306,005	304,910	2,130,175	1,027,870	1,102,305
Location of study inside Canada	491,285	247,575	243,710	1,625,550	785,340	840,205
Same as province or territory of residence	391,770	196,975	194,795	1,243,905	593,275	650,635
Different than province or territory of residence	99,515	50,605	48,910	381,645	192,070	189,575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	119,625	58,425	61,205	504,630	242,530	262,100
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	12,210	6,890	5,320	74,030	40,425	33,610
Philippines	26,035	10,095	15,935	56,845	20,455	36,395
India	18,500	9,430	9,070	44,115	22,045	22,065
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	8,135	4,665	3,475	58,825	31,920	26,910
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,165	2,845	3,320	61,840	27,630	34,210
France	635	385	245	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other	47,950	24,115	23,835	204,580	97,700	106,885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	763,510	382,410	381,105	2,532,975	1,227,040	1,305,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	267,060	135,435	131,630	915,015	465,250	449,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	496,450	246,975	249,470	1,617,960	761,790	856,170
Location of study inside Canada	394,790	198,325	196,460	1,239,640	589,155	650,490
Same as province or territory of residence	314,250	157,640	156,610	970,485	454,780	515,700
Different than province or territory of residence	80,535	40,680	39,850	269,155	134,375	134,785
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	101,665	48,655	53,010	378,325	172,640	205,685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	9,270	5,040	4,230	50,095	26,175	23,920
Philippines	24,040	9,240	14,800	48,935	17,385	31,555
India	16,395	8,220	8,175	36,800	17,455	19,345
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,495	3,175	2,320	32,890	17,360	15,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	5,380	2,460	2,915	53,570	23,445	30,125
France	550	335	210	3,505	1,885	1,615
Other	40,530	20,190	20,345	152,530	68,935	83,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,089,045	543,030	546,020	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,610
In the labour force	781,355	417,560	363,795	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Employed	714,660	377,435	337,220	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Unemployed	66,695	40,120	26,575	165,975	91,385	74,590
Not in the labour force	307,695	125,470	182,225	1,398,710	596,935	801,775
Participation rate	71.7	76.9	66.6	63.9	68.3	59.7
Employment rate	65.6	69.5	61.8	59.6	63.4	55.9
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.6	7.3	6.7	7.1	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,089,045	543,030	546,020	3,870,375	1,882,770	1,987,605
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	277,825	111,490	166,340	1,290,235	547,350	742,885
Worked	811,220	431,540	379,680	2,580,140	1,335,420	1,244,720
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	404,715	233,995	170,720	1,183,405	675,950	507,460
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	406,505	197,550	208,960	1,396,735	659,470	737,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.2	42.0	41.8	42.4	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	781,355	417,560	363,795	2,471,670	1,285,840	1,185,835
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,345	6,205	7,140	43,805	21,245	22,555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	768,015	411,355	356,655	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,275
Employee	689,270	361,110	328,160	2,084,470	1,054,630	1,029,840
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	78,740	50,245	28,495	343,395	209,955	133,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	781,355	417,560	363,795	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,345	6,205	7,140	43,805	21,245	22,560
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	768,010	411,355	356,655	2,427,860	1,264,585	1,163,270
0 Management occupations	82,155	51,400	30,760	275,000	168,820	106,180
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	121,975	33,380	88,590	368,940	106,205	262,740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55,675	43,615	12,060	161,520	127,060	34,460
3 Health occupations	55,530	10,855	44,675	162,865	35,775	127,095
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	83,145	29,175	53,970	269,255	87,765	181,485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	17,560	7,135	10,430	93,100	44,855	48,245
6 Sales and service occupations	169,065	71,060	98,005	595,225	251,490	343,735
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	144,730	133,955	10,775	360,970	339,660	21,315
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15,395	12,810	2,585	64,235	47,530	16,700
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	22,770	17,970	4,805	76,745	55,430	21,315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	781,355	417,560	363,795	2,471,665	1,285,835	1,185,830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,345	6,205	7,140	43,805	21,250	22,555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	768,010	411,355	356,655	2,427,865	1,264,590	1,163,270
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	7,725	4,870	2,855	65,205	42,840	22,360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25,895	21,540	4,350	25,920	21,810	4,115
22 Utilities	7,790	5,515	2,275	12,445	8,915	3,535
23 Construction	90,085	76,360	13,725	199,985	175,195	24,790
31-33 Manufacturing	47,155	35,740	11,405	157,560	113,945	43,615
41 Wholesale trade	31,270	22,280	8,990	82,105	55,530	26,580
44-45 Retail trade	86,490	39,430	47,060	283,135	129,985	153,150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	36,840	27,745	9,090	128,400	98,580	29,815
51 Information and cultural industries	11,120	6,260	4,860	67,225	41,065	26,155
52 Finance and insurance	24,910	8,785	16,125	93,805	38,430	55,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	14,790	8,220	6,570	54,995	29,515	25,475
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	52,885	29,895	22,990	196,670	107,680	88,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,070	450	615	4,320	1,975	2,345
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	29,335	16,770	12,570	109,095	62,325	46,775
61 Educational services	53,205	17,405	35,805	173,820	56,455	117,365
62 Health care and social assistance	88,770	15,575	73,190	270,855	52,320	218,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	14,195	6,870	7,330	57,940	29,050	28,895
72 Accommodation and food services	53,185	21,960	31,220	207,045	86,555	120,490
81 Other services (except public administration)	36,810	17,600	19,205	112,335	47,960	64,375
91 Public administration	54,495	28,085	26,410	125,000	64,450	60,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	714,660	377,435	337,220	2,305,690	1,194,455	1,111,240
Worked at home	41,075	18,460	22,615	196,510	95,515	100,990
Worked outside Canada	1,765	1,245	520	16,040	11,285	4,760
No fixed workplace address	102,500	78,590	23,910	326,180	243,130	83,050
Worked at usual place	569,315	279,145	290,170	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	569,310	279,140	290,170	1,766,965	844,520	922,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	400,515	182,435	218,075	864,410	382,105	482,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	151,770	84,795	66,970	807,840	405,435	402,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,585	10,325	4,265	81,750	47,820	33,930
Commute to a different province or territory	2,445	1,580	865	12,965	9,160	3,805
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	671,810	357,730	314,080	2,093,145	1,087,655	1,005,490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	522,155	293,055	229,100	1,475,585	803,485	672,095
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	34,440	13,385	21,055	114,580	49,075	65,500
Public transit	73,750	30,060	43,695	274,205	117,830	156,375
Walked	25,035	10,745	14,290	142,310	62,395	79,920
Bicycle	6,515	4,220	2,295	51,350	32,665	18,680
Other method	9,915	6,270	3,640	35,115	22,195	12,915
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	671,810	357,730	314,080	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Less than 15 minutes	146,725	65,340	81,380	601,950	276,005	325,950
15 to 29 minutes	261,855	139,915	121,935	689,520	353,590	335,925
30 to 44 minutes	166,180	94,415	71,760	425,680	237,995	187,685
45 to 59 minutes	55,545	31,660	23,885	184,690	104,220	80,465
60 minutes and over	41,515	26,400	15,110	191,305	115,840	75,470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	671,810	357,735	314,080	2,093,140	1,087,650	1,005,490
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	51,445	38,530	12,920	142,370	101,315	41,050
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	136,665	86,290	50,375	342,500	214,795	127,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	200,540	102,625	97,920	526,485	271,110	255,375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	114,830	49,490	65,345	470,210	202,910	267,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	66,350	27,540	38,810	292,185	125,470	166,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	101,970	53,260	48,705	319,400	172,045	147,355
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	834,500	442,060	392,440	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
Single responses	826,790	438,320	388,470	2,622,495	1,354,780	1,267,710
Official languages	820,440	435,115	385,325	2,537,990	1,309,980	1,228,015
English	817,890	434,250	383,635	2,531,850	1,308,325	1,223,530
French	2,550	865	1,690	6,140	1,660	4,485
Non-official languages	6,345	3,200	3,145	84,500	44,805	39,705
Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	260	75	180
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	15	15	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	15	15	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	30	85
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	10
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Haisla	0	0	0	10	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,320	3,190	3,130	84,245	44,730	39,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	510	305	200	440	295	145
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	30	30	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	55	25	35	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	445	275	170	435	295	135
Amharic	35	15	20	15	15	0
Arabic	325	225	100	320	235	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	0	15	75	30	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	420	185	230	2,505	1,165	1,345
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	45	30	20
Vietnamese	415	185	230	2,460	1,140	1,325
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	335	185	150	825	385	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	0	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	65	35	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	175	135	695	320	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	30	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,160	1,140	1,020	23,765	13,305	10,460
Albanian	10	10	10	15	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	315	155	155	950	440	510
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	315	160	160	935	435	500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	10
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	10
Polish	120	65	60	115	50	70
Russian	85	30	50	565	255	315
Serbian	10	0	10	95	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	45	30	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	50	805	465	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	10	15	15	0
Dutch	35	15	15	120	70	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	35	25	590	330	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	0	10	25	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,265	710	555	19,805	11,280	8,535
Indo-Aryan languages	1,200	665	535	18,715	10,560	8,160
Bengali	10	10	10	15	15	0
Gujarati	65	10	50	35	15	25
Hindi	105	55	50	300	185	110
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	975	575	400	18,295	10,310	7,985
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	15	30	45	25	25
Iranian languages	65	50	20	1,085	720	365
Kurdish	15	15	0	25	25	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	35	20	1,060	700	360
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	215	250	2,140	1,085	1,060
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	10	0	0	110	50	60
Portuguese	40	25	20	515	255	260
Romanian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Spanish	400	185	220	1,435	725	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	1,730	650	1,080
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	260	125	140	5,585	3,005	2,585
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	10	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	70	60	280	90	190
American Sign Language	85	30	55	215	45	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	40	0	70	45	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,335	1,105	1,230	48,735	25,645	23,085
Chinese languages	2,320	1,095	1,220	48,645	25,595	23,055
Cantonese	1,495	735	760	23,555	12,020	11,535
Hakka	10	10	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	705	305	395	23,835	12,935	10,900
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	210	120	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	45	50	985	485	500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	85	50	30
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Karenic languages	10	0	10	55	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	15	170	65	110
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	30	15	15	165	65	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	25	65	50	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	35	15	20	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	15	10	10	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	35	20	20
Multiple responses	7,715	3,740	3,970	48,205	23,795	24,410
English and French	1,885	910	980	4,210	1,865	2,345
English and non-official language	5,680	2,765	2,915	43,480	21,760	21,720
French and non-official language	20	10	10	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	130	60	75	465	145	320
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	834,505	442,060	392,440	2,670,700	1,378,580	1,292,120
None	801,320	425,535	375,785	2,498,070	1,293,650	1,204,420
English	4,480	1,930	2,545	36,505	18,270	18,235
French	8,885	4,325	4,560	22,465	10,170	12,300
Non-official language	19,335	10,025	9,310	110,375	54,925	55,455
Aboriginal	695	300	400	1,860	630	1,225
Non-Aboriginal	18,635	9,725	8,915	108,515	54,295	54,225
English and French	0	0	0	60	40	15
English and non-official language	70	30	45	1,155	545	610
French and non-official language	415	210	200	2,070	980	1,090
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,323,055	662,865	660,190	4,516,810	2,215,515	2,301,295
Non-movers	1,107,840	555,155	552,685	3,811,375	1,868,420	1,942,945
Movers	215,210	107,705	107,505	705,440	347,095	358,345
Non-migrants	141,785	71,540	70,240	386,620	189,765	196,855
Migrants	73,430	36,165	37,265	318,825	157,335	161,490
Internal migrants	56,445	28,150	28,295	249,960	123,425	126,540
Intraprovincial migrants	40,520	20,165	20,350	188,225	92,150	96,070
Interprovincial migrants	15,930	7,985	7,945	61,740	31,275	30,465
External migrants	16,985	8,015	8,965	68,860	33,910	34,950
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,252,985	626,875	626,105	4,339,960	2,124,780	2,215,180
Non-movers	678,060	337,995	340,065	2,490,535	1,220,635	1,269,905
Movers	574,925	288,880	286,045	1,849,425	904,145	945,275
Non-migrants	313,860	157,740	156,115	940,895	460,185	480,710
Migrants	261,070	131,140	129,930	908,535	443,965	464,570
Internal migrants	184,900	93,130	91,765	672,805	329,700	343,105
Intraprovincial migrants	109,725	54,150	55,575	503,685	245,895	257,795
Interprovincial migrants	75,175	38,980	36,195	169,115	83,805	85,310
External migrants	76,165	38,005	38,165	235,730	114,265	121,465