Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa - Gatineau [Census metropolitan area], Ontario/Quebec and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa - Gatineau Ontario/Quebec [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Ottawa - Gatineau [Census metropolitan area], Ontario/Quebec  Map : Ottawa - Gatineau [Census metropolitan area], Ontario/Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,323,783	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,254,919 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	571,146	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	535,499	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	195.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,767.41	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,323,785	645,050	678,735	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	227,195	115,770	111,420	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	72,410	36,785	35,625	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	79,030	40,310	38,720	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	75,755	38,675	37,080	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	897,825	440,075	457,750	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	79,545	40,335	39,210	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	92,650	46,710	45,940	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	87,310	43,315	43,995	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	87,090	42,410	44,680	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	86,455	41,375	45,085	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	89,255	42,990	46,270	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	93,305	45,425	47,885	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	105,150	51,770	53,380	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	97,315	47,210	50,105	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	79,740	38,540	41,205	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	198,770	89,205	109,565	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	68,100	32,640	35,455	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	47,805	22,520	25,285	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	33,630	15,265	18,360	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	24,025	10,295	13,730	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	25,210	8,480	16,730	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	15,385	5,725	9,660	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	7,540	2,270	5,265	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	2,015	450	1,560	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	275	35	245	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.2	17.9	16.4	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	67.8	68.2	67.4	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	15.0	13.8	16.1	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.9	1.3	2.5	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	39.9	39.1	40.8	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	40.1	39.1	41.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	535,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	240,120	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75,230	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	218,955	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	38,905	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	88,160	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15,630	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	75,475	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	790	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	1,185	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	535,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	152,680	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	180,485	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	83,390	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	77,495	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	41,450	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,300,730	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,096,590	529,285	567,310	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	622,065	310,820	311,240	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	490,740	244,860	245,880	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	131,320	65,960	65,360	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	474,530	218,460	256,065	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	326,610	171,115	155,500	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	27,555	11,385	16,170	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	67,685	25,115	42,575	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	52,670	10,850	41,825	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	365,730	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	180,250	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	79,000	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	74,770	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	31,720	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	365,735	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	304,265	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	238,630	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	65,635	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	61,465	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	47,845	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	13,625	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	304,265	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	143,685	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	160,575	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	60,875	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	69,835	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	29,870	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	61,465	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	36,560	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	18,120	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	6,785	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	234,190	109,975	124,210	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	350,590	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	137,470	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	213,125	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	7,450	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	177,455	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	152,680	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	24,775	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,309,210	639,130	670,080	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	598,535	304,995	293,545	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	108,830	48,425	60,405	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	586,205	279,415	306,790	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	15,635	6,295	9,345	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,309,210	639,130	670,080	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	836,570	414,390	422,185	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	426,165	203,625	222,540	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	31,260	15,040	16,225	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	15,215	6,080	9,135	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	441,795	211,140	230,655	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	33.7	33.0	34.4	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,309,210	639,130	670,080	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,265,260	618,070	647,195	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,032,340	507,760	524,580	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	635,215	317,355	317,860	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	397,125	190,405	206,720	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	232,925	110,310	122,615	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	1,015	405	605	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	595	265	330	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	445	205	235	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	10	5	5	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	10	5	5	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	60	25	30	315	125	190
Plains Cree	15	10	10	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	10	5	5	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	30	15	20	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	5	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	300	140	155	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	5	5	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	20	10	15	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	125	45	80	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	45	15	30	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	70	25	50	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	5	5	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	5	0	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	360	120	240	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	5	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	330	105	225	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	35	15	15	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	25	10	15	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	5	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	5	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	5	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	231,910	109,900	122,005	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	52,310	26,380	25,930	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	920	505	415	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	615	330	285	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	305	175	130	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	6,945	3,015	3,935	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	50	25	25	805	455	350
Oromo	225	130	100	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	6,575	2,815	3,760	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	100	45	50	365	195	170
Semitic languages	44,365	22,820	21,545	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,515	710	805	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	41,270	21,320	19,945	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	90	40	50	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	55	25	30	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	370	205	165	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	35	15	20	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	940	460	480	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,670	3,530	4,135	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,315	590	725	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	6,340	2,935	3,405	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	8,170	2,935	5,235	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	35	15	20	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	390	130	260	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	115	40	75	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	585	230	355	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	110	55	55	1,430	665	760
Malay	430	165	260	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	30	15	15	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,275	2,220	4,055	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	45	20	25	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	130	50	85	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	5,450	2,320	3,125	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	410	180	230	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	4,835	2,045	2,790	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	205	95	105	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	3,875	2,005	1,870	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	220	115	105	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	665	345	320	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	2,460	1,260	1,205	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	495	270	225	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	102,905	49,075	53,825	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	715	345	370	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	525	270	260	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	23,565	10,630	12,930	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	495	215	280	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	270	120	145	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	220	90	130	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	23,070	10,420	12,655	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	50	30	25	810	385	430
Bosnian	765	360	405	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	1,075	500	570	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	1,195	565	630	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	1,020	450	565	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	70	35	40	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	6,065	2,720	3,345	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	6,910	3,005	3,895	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	2,295	1,125	1,170	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	890	440	450	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	635	285	350	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	220	100	130	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	1,830	780	1,045	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	115	55	60	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	45	25	15	1,090	540	550
Welsh	55	20	35	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	530	295	235
Germanic languages	10,250	4,685	5,560	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	175	85	85	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	345	160	185	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	2,660	1,280	1,385	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	50	25	25	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	6,240	2,760	3,480	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	20	10	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	150	65	85	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	305	150	155	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	100	45	55	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	180	100	80	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	525	280	240
Greek	2,290	1,210	1,080	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	28,125	14,205	13,920	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	18,785	9,490	9,295	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	3,345	1,660	1,680	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	1,495	775	725	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	2,940	1,505	1,435	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	20	10	10	565	300	265
Konkani	105	55	55	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	295	155	140	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	930	445	485	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	20	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,960	2,040	1,925	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	265	120	145	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	830	400	430	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	4,555	2,305	2,255	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	9,240	4,650	4,585	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	735	390	340	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,050	530	520	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	7,455	3,730	3,720	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	105	65	40	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	37,325	17,675	19,645	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	35	20	15	865	440	425
Italian	9,575	4,780	4,795	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	7,020	3,360	3,665	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	3,635	1,680	1,955	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	17,025	7,820	9,200	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	720	380	340
Japanese	1,115	340	780	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	40	15	20	1,715	910	805
Georgian	40	15	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	2,205	930	1,275	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	35	20	20	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	35	20	15	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	8,550	3,930	4,620	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	385	185	200	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	145	65	80	1,535	815	720
Edo	40	20	20	1,670	770	900
Ewe	165	75	95	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	260	130	130	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	60	35	25	920	445	470
Ganda	135	60	75	1,295	625	665
Igbo	205	105	100	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	510	215	295	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,505	680	830	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,150	460	695	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	120	45	75	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	1,590	735	860	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	275	135	140	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	265	135	130	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,715	850	870	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	335	155	185	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	90	45	40	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	110	140	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	290	135	150	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	90	35	55	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	15	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	165	90	80	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	33,855	15,705	18,145	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	33,030	15,310	17,720	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	10,475	4,920	5,555	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	160	65	90	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	19,995	9,225	10,775	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	50	20	25	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	780	335	440	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	455	205	250	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,100	525	580	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	825	400	425	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	235	120	115	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	325	155	170	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	90	50	45	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	870	320	555	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	470	215	250	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	400	100	300	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,785	910	875	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	125	75	60	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,490	765	725	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	20	5	10	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	80	35	45	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	2,265	1,090	1,175	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	160	80	85	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	335	135	195	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,770	880	890	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	195	110	90	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	43,950	21,060	22,890	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	18,795	9,010	9,790	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	16,045	7,790	8,255	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	6,055	2,835	3,225	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	3,050	1,430	1,620	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,309,210	639,130	670,080	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,237,185	605,060	632,125	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,121,640	550,390	571,255	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	768,215	381,070	387,150	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	353,425	169,320	184,105	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	115,545	54,675	60,875	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	405	185	220	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	265	130	140	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	250	120	135	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	5	5	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	5	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	30	10	20	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	5	5	5	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	10	0	5	330	140	190
Woods Cree	5	0	5	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	190	100	95	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	10	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	10	10	10	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	5	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	135	50	80	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	115	45	70	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	5	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	115,140	54,490	60,655	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	28,965	14,010	14,950	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	475	240	230	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	385	195	185	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	45	40	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	4,005	1,650	2,350	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	30	15	15	620	330	285
Oromo	130	70	65	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	3,785	1,540	2,245	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	55	20	30	185	85	95
Semitic languages	24,470	12,110	12,365	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	870	405	460	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	22,950	11,380	11,565	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	20	25	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	20	10	10	735	335	400
Hebrew	145	80	65	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	0	5	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	430	200	230	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,530	2,090	2,435	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	590	265	325	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	3,935	1,825	2,115	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	3,395	1,420	1,975	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	5	290	140	155
Cebuano	125	55	70	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	45	20	30	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	230	110	120	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	25	10	15	435	220	210
Malay	120	55	70	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	5	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	10	5	5	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,780	1,150	1,635	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	2,235	920	1,315	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	205	85	120	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	1,960	800	1,160	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	30	40	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	1,880	930	950	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	80	40	35	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	285	145	140	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,310	635	680	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	200	105	90	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	45,425	21,600	23,825	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	320	150	165	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	250	115	135	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	10,880	5,130	5,745	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	110	45	65	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	55	25	35	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	50	20	30	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	10,765	5,085	5,685	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	30	15	10	230	105	120
Bosnian	425	210	215	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	560	265	300	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	430	190	235	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	235	115	125	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	20	15	10	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	2,165	990	1,180	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	4,125	1,915	2,210	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	1,490	755	735	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	465	235	230	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	210	95	115	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	10	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	575	265	310	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	670	310	360
Celtic languages	10	5	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	5	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	1,140	525	615	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	40	20	20	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	25	10	20	855	410	445
Dutch	195	90	105	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	5	5	185	95	90
German	780	350	425	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	5	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	10	0	5	345	145	200
Swedish	70	40	25	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	15	5	5	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	670	320	350	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	15,305	7,475	7,825	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	9,795	4,845	4,950	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,985	960	1,030	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	620	315	305	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	1,310	660	655	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	35	15	20	720	355	370
Marathi	115	50	65	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	735	360	375	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,225	1,130	1,100	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	65	25	40	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	400	195	205	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	2,285	1,130	1,160	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	5,480	2,615	2,865	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	435	230	205	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	655	315	340	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	4,385	2,065	2,315	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	16,850	7,870	8,980	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	20	5	10	355	165	190
Italian	2,580	1,155	1,425	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	3,020	1,435	1,590	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	1,865	875	985	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	9,365	4,390	4,970	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	440	155	285	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	5	5	5	1,035	565	475
Korean	1,215	565	655	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	15	15	5	910	440	470
Mongolian	20	10	5	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	2,275	1,035	1,245	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	130	60	70	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	30	15	15	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	35	15	15	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	30	30	825	400	425
Ga	10	5	5	250	105	140
Ganda	35	10	20	345	160	185
Igbo	55	25	30	1,000	485	510
Lingala	110	40	75	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	480	235	250	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	330	125	205	1,530	670	865
Shona	20	15	10	1,035	475	560
Swahili	560	260	295	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	100	50	55	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	60	30	35	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	250	120	135	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	40	45	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	30	15	10	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	60	25	40	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	400	215	185	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	120	55	65	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	40	20	20	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	240	135	100	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	22,425	10,630	11,800	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	21,840	10,355	11,490	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	5,985	2,755	3,230	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	50	20	30	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	14,600	7,005	7,595	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	15	5	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	305	125	180	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	250	120	130	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	635	325	310	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	580	275	305	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	150	70	80	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	250	120	125	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	70	40	35	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	335	135	195	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	225	100	125	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	105	35	75	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	925	450	475	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	50	25	30	1,245	640	610
Turkish	800	390	410	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	10	5	5	610	315	290
Uzbek	45	20	25	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	455	230	225
Uralic languages	555	260	290	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	20	10	10	975	365	610
Finnish	40	15	25	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	490	235	255	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	72,020	34,065	37,955	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	19,975	9,300	10,675	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	38,645	18,670	19,975	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	7,085	3,170	3,910	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	6,315	2,930	3,385	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,309,210	639,130	670,085	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	1,002,240	493,925	508,315	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	131,290	62,940	68,350	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	84,100	39,365	44,740	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	79,140	37,120	42,020	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	565	220	350	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	78,575	36,905	41,675	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	3,965	1,895	2,070	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	3,780	1,805	1,975	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	4,580	2,020	2,560	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	115	60	55	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,073,835	519,975	553,855	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,028,710	498,065	530,635	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,241	46,738	36,869	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,029,070	498,110	530,960	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,258	40,420	32,858	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	936,155	460,000	476,155	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,490	46,637	35,216	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	718,885	320,095	398,790	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,183	2,517	5,345	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	773,290	390,165	383,125	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,109	44,501	36,367	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,028,635	497,800	530,830	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,455	59,537	45,813	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,029,005	497,825	531,180	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,688	47,611	38,075	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	936,350	459,750	476,600	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,122	59,985	44,536	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	718,435	319,760	398,675	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,172	6,441	7,759	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	773,285	389,505	383,775	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,766	57,094	44,344	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	393,295	210,765	182,530	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	62,792	67,303	58,965	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	71,298	77,591	64,031	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.4	93.1	87.2	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.7	74.9	70.0	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.6	6.9	12.8	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,073,835	519,975	553,855	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	45,130	21,910	23,220	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	1,028,705	498,070	530,640	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.8	95.8	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	133,245	61,265	71,975	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	152,825	63,680	89,150	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	115,060	49,245	65,815	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	100,450	44,925	55,525	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	96,125	43,635	52,490	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	87,185	40,980	46,205	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	75,865	37,625	38,235	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	60,350	31,435	28,915	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	50,770	27,330	23,440	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	42,380	22,805	19,575	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	114,450	75,140	39,310	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	82,750	52,275	30,480	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	31,695	22,865	8,830	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,073,835	519,975	553,855	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	44,765	21,865	22,895	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	1,029,070	498,110	530,955	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.8	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	139,335	62,495	76,840	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	159,560	67,185	92,375	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	135,590	59,190	76,405	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	127,425	57,705	69,720	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	119,660	55,865	63,795	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	99,760	49,345	50,410	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	76,185	40,485	35,700	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	59,640	32,550	27,090	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	111,910	73,290	38,625	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	40,360	24,115	16,250	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	23,175	15,035	8,140	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	48,375	34,140	14,235	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,073,835	519,980	553,855	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	300,545	129,810	170,735	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	773,285	390,165	383,125	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	72.0	75.0	69.2	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	92,380	45,375	47,005	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	56,710	25,510	31,200	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	94,460	43,165	51,295	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	74,780	35,085	39,695	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	67,455	32,260	35,200	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	64,295	30,020	34,280	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	61,835	28,885	32,945	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	54,350	26,755	27,595	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	43,635	22,800	20,840	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	163,385	100,315	63,075	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	40,835	21,765	19,065	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	34,545	18,900	15,650	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	88,005	59,645	28,360	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,053	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,904	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	152,680	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,189	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,211	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	382,815	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,423	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,781	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,760	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,029	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	152,680	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,108	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,283	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	382,820	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,766	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,482	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	535,495	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	8,045	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	6,965	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	13,275	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	17,185	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	16,425	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	16,305	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	17,340	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	18,210	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,735	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	18,715	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	37,900	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	37,130	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	34,455	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	33,010	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30,555	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	211,255	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,625	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45,925	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	56,635	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	46,070	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	8,510	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	7,090	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	13,465	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	17,980	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	18,500	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	18,995	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	21,435	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	22,975	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	23,815	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	24,180	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	47,325	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	43,920	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	41,150	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	36,895	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,040	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	157,220	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	61,155	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40,210	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	55,855	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	364,260	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,954	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,807	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	134,365	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,455	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,260	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	161,365	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,633	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,386	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	58,185	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,624	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,863	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	364,270	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	121,444	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,577	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	134,470	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,491	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,361	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	161,420	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,182	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,540	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	58,035	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,115	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,044	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	207,010	98,805	108,205	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	37,610	36,830	38,252	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,367	32,607	33,951	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	206,575	98,480	108,100	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,046	47,219	46,889	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,813	38,652	38,960	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,300,730	635,585	665,145	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	529,735	253,600	276,140	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	117,085	57,600	59,485	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	100,310	46,635	53,675	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	97,770	46,490	51,280	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	102,665	48,925	53,740	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	111,915	53,955	57,965	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	770,995	381,985	389,010	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	124,020	59,975	64,040	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	137,795	67,360	70,430	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	156,470	77,515	78,955	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	180,230	89,855	90,380	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	172,485	87,285	85,200	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,300,730	635,585	665,145	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	272,405	138,765	133,640	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	87,655	44,630	43,025	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	845,815	412,545	433,270	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	182,515	84,280	98,235	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	159,040	75,425	83,615	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	40,600	21,030	19,570	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	13,940	7,290	6,655	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	99,465	47,110	52,360	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	18,965	7,280	11,685	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.9	12.6	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.2	14.6	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	16.3	15.5	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.4	12.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.6	11.9	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	129,610	63,115	66,495	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	29,355	15,145	14,205	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	10,245	5,360	4,890	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	88,910	43,765	45,150	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	11,345	4,200	7,145	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.0	9.9	10.0	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.8	10.9	10.6	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	11.7	12.0	11.4	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.6	10.4	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	6.2	5.0	7.3	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,300,730	635,600	665,135	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,285,210	629,390	655,820	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,177,535	581,350	596,185	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	691,235	325,890	365,345	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	331,375	156,060	175,305	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,615	610	1,005	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	935	365	570	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	10	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	570	210	360	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	10	10	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	15	10	10	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	15	10	10	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	80	35	45	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	10	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	60	15	40	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	20	10	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	360	125	235	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	60	35	25	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	10	10	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	50	30	20	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	315	120	195	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	80	35	50	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	215	80	135	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	15	0	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	15	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	15	0	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	10	0	10	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	600	225	380	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	550	205	340	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	50	10	35	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	55	15	40	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	10	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	10	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	329,835	155,485	174,350	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	72,850	36,795	36,055	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	1,340	735	610	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	925	470	450	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	425	265	160	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	9,680	4,345	5,335	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	90	55	35	1,085	625	470
Oromo	395	185	210	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	9,130	4,065	5,065	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	140	60	85	480	220	265
Semitic languages	63,250	32,445	30,805	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	2,135	1,010	1,125	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	58,430	30,115	28,315	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	95	30	60	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	40	20	15	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,945	1,055	890	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	70	20	45	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	1,225	515	705	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	150	85	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	200	105	95	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,570	4,535	5,035	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,790	820	970	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	7,835	3,745	4,095	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	10,815	3,990	6,820	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	30	10	20	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	600	215	385	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	10	0	10	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	180	65	120	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	715	305	415	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	200	100	100	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	705	310	400	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	60	25	45	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	60	25	40	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,530	3,420	6,110	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	35	0	25	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	115	55	60	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	12,385	5,345	7,040	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	700	295	400	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	11,035	4,760	6,280	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	700	310	390	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	5,135	2,595	2,540	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	465	235	235	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	845	380	465	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	3,390	1,735	1,655	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	805	425	380	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	10	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	161,040	75,675	85,365	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	870	425	440	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	745	395	350	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	28,735	13,310	15,425	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	570	245	320	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	285	120	170	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	285	125	160	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	28,275	13,110	15,170	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	165	75	90	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,265	600	665	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	1,290	605	690	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	2,115	1,045	1,070	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,435	615	820	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	120	50	75	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	7,070	3,240	3,835	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	10,705	4,995	5,710	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,785	1,380	1,410	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	995	540	460	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	1,035	430	610	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	295	135	155	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	2,660	1,130	1,540	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	60	15	45	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	430	205	225	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	175	85	90	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	100	35	60	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	165	90	80	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	19,985	9,610	10,370	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	455	225	225	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	495	235	260	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	3,440	1,635	1,805	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	70	30	40	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	14,705	7,120	7,585	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	55	25	30	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	380	160	220	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	645	320	330	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	80	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	355	185	170	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	3,365	1,735	1,630	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	36,835	18,640	18,200	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	26,495	13,405	13,090	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	4,320	2,210	2,105	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	2,290	1,235	1,060	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	10,595	5,465	5,130	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	10	0	10	905	490	420
Konkani	145	75	65	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	580	315	260	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,300	660	645	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	75	40	30	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,440	3,315	3,125	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	505	220	280	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,080	495	590	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	7,490	3,720	3,770	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	10,910	5,535	5,370	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	890	495	395	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,425	770	655	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	9,435	4,735	4,700	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	205	120	90	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	76,665	34,570	42,095	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	95	40	55	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	17,420	8,395	9,030	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	9,915	4,820	5,100	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	4,210	2,010	2,200	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	49,510	21,430	28,080	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	130	85	50	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,800	1,350	1,450	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	45	25	25	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	50	25	20	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	2,795	1,185	1,610	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	60	30	30	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	55	30	25	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	16,450	7,595	8,850	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	700	360	345	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	390	175	210	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	115	50	65	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	375	185	185	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	435	205	225	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	185	90	95	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	225	70	155	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	335	185	145	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	2,525	1,105	1,420	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,560	1,125	1,435	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,810	770	1,035	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	200	75	125	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	4,380	2,045	2,335	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	710	335	370	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	905	485	420	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,925	1,895	2,035	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	380	165	215	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	190	85	105	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	190	80	110	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	2,135	870	1,265	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	1,040	350	685	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	240	85	160	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	940	460	480	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	38,820	18,405	20,415	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	37,925	17,980	19,945	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	13,125	6,240	6,880	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	265	125	140	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	26,420	12,260	14,160	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	40	20	25	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,120	510	605	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	435	210	220	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,140	595	545	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	930	440	485	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	315	145	165	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	370	185	185	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	55	30	20	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	365	150	205	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,225	515	715	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	590	265	325	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	730	285	445	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,750	1,390	1,360	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	160	95	70	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	2,335	1,195	1,145	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	40	25	15	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	120	40	80	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,835	1,385	1,450	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	245	120	130	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	520	235	280	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	2,075	1,030	1,045	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	560	330	230	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,300,735	635,600	665,130	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,225,865	599,815	626,050	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260,450	132,740	127,705	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	965,415	467,070	498,345	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	74,865	35,785	39,080	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,300,735	635,600	665,135	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,027,730	506,010	521,720	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	255,800	120,725	135,075	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	60,785	29,340	31,445	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	33,985	16,505	17,480	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	57,145	26,170	30,975	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	66,000	30,565	35,435	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	30,955	14,270	16,680	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	35,045	16,290	18,750	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	37,890	18,150	19,740	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	17,200	8,865	8,335	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	255,800	120,730	135,075	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	28,605	14,045	14,555	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	45,360	23,135	22,225	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	53,075	24,075	29,000	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	107,900	50,140	57,760	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	20,865	9,330	11,535	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	255,800	120,725	135,075	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	41,155	18,270	22,885	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	1,290	600	695	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	2,745	1,125	1,620	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	2,165	1,030	1,135	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,420	665	755	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	8,515	3,650	4,865	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	3,175	1,385	1,790	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	1,825	725	1,100	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	1,165	550	615	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,360	525	830	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	9,530	4,375	5,160	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	7,960	3,645	4,315	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	66,815	32,050	34,760	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,345	1,150	1,195	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	1,020	500	520	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	4,470	2,105	2,370	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	4,560	1,965	2,595	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	990	530	460	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	885	465	430	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	920	435	475	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	5,675	2,960	2,715	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	2,280	1,165	1,115	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	4,530	2,025	2,500	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	3,435	1,675	1,760	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	3,370	1,610	1,760	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	3,195	1,335	1,850	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,070	520	550	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	2,005	940	1,065	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	17,230	8,660	8,565	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	8,840	4,010	4,825	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	41,490	19,790	21,700	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	2,245	1,150	1,090	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	3,745	1,990	1,755	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	2,320	1,085	1,245	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	1,160	580	580	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	2,775	1,370	1,405	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,385	655	735	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	3,985	1,530	2,455	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	965	515	450	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	22,900	10,925	11,980	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	105,415	50,115	55,300	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	2,510	1,265	1,240	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	2,700	1,405	1,300	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	18,900	8,150	10,755	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	3,095	1,545	1,550	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	10,685	5,350	5,330	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,900	2,465	2,430	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	3,870	2,070	1,800	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	775	190	585	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,855	805	1,050	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	13,560	7,115	6,440	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	3,980	1,980	1,995	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	9,305	3,465	5,835	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	2,400	1,145	1,245	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,615	1,840	1,775	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	880	370	515	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	5,980	2,745	3,235	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	16,410	8,195	8,215	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	930	495	430	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	37,890	18,150	19,740	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	5,595	2,615	2,975	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	200	115	80	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	515	235	280	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	220	105	115	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	1,780	795	990	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	145	85	60	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	320	125	195	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,360	715	645	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	170	60	110	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	885	385	495	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	3,695	1,780	1,920	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	655	335	315	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	175	75	100	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	95	65	30	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	75	35	45	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	240	110	130	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	420	160	260	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	275	135	140	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	665	340	320	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	1,095	530	570	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	9,800	4,635	5,170	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	390	170	220	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	755	410	350	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,085	470	615	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	425	180	240	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	850	460	385	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	245	115	130	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	335	125	215	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	485	230	250	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	440	200	235	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	370	155	215	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	110	55	55	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	215	105	105	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	4,095	1,955	2,135	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	18,645	9,035	9,610	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	550	280	270	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	540	270	270	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,855	1,220	1,635	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	85	45	35	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	1,950	1,070	875	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	880	415	465	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	1,155	600	555	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	205	110	90	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	115	25	85	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	255	90	165	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	1,115	585	530	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	290	160	125	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	695	380	310	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	2,740	1,105	1,640	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	375	220	155	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	220	95	130	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,130	1,145	990	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	50	25	30	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	195	100	95	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	355	220	135	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	210	80	130	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	1,685	795	890	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	150	80	70	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	135	85	55	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	20	0	15	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,300,730	635,600	665,130	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	284,330	135,415	148,915	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	225,575	113,220	112,355	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	790,830	386,960	403,865	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	198,425	93,110	105,315	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	91,590	46,095	45,500	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	38,645	23,835	14,810	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	52,945	22,260	30,685	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	56,905	22,645	34,260	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	47,655	23,400	24,250	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	2,280	960	1,315	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,300,730	635,600	665,130	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	38,120	18,150	19,965	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	36,225	17,310	18,915	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	17,790	8,400	9,385	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	17,155	8,325	8,825	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	1,280	580	700	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	765	335	440	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,125	505	615	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,262,615	617,450	645,165	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,300,735	635,600	665,130	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	9,395	4,360	5,040	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,291,335	631,240	660,095	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,300,735	635,600	665,135	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	10,670	4,970	5,700	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	10,400	4,855	5,540	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	7,515	3,515	3,995	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	2,295	1,080	1,215	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	595	260	330	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	275	110	160	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	250	110	145	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	63,450	29,520	33,925	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	61,885	28,870	33,010	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	44,780	20,705	24,075	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	16,020	7,670	8,345	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	490	595	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,565	650	915	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,415	585	825	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	50	55	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	10	35	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,226,610	601,110	625,505	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,300,730	635,600	665,130	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	280,985	135,945	145,040	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	39,980	20,320	19,655	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	43,775	20,665	23,105	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	77,995	37,060	40,935	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	12,715	5,085	7,630	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	15,630	7,180	8,460	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	49,520	25,960	23,565	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	13,725	6,495	7,230	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	9,925	5,075	4,855	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	3,260	1,470	1,800	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	2,625	1,085	1,540	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	3,095	1,400	1,690	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	8,720	4,140	4,580	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,019,750	499,655	520,090	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,300,735	635,605	665,135	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	74,120	34,495	39,630	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	54,090	24,980	29,110	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	1,850	820	1,030	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	20,035	9,465	10,565	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	501,820	245,715	256,100	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	5,515	2,735	2,780	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	14,165	6,970	7,200	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	484,255	236,715	247,540	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	80	50	30	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	780	485	295	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	120	70	45	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	650	300	350	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	6,590	3,420	3,170	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	20	15	1,895	950	945
European origins	772,545	377,715	394,830	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	468,015	228,955	239,060	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	115	35	75	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	85	50	35	1,975	995	975
English	224,680	111,250	113,430	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	244,575	116,050	128,530	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	185	110	80	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	197,645	96,760	100,885	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	18,780	9,045	9,735	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	37,045	17,455	19,590	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	300,550	145,090	155,470	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	100	40	60	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	485	260	225	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	95	70	25	1,750	950	805
French	300,290	144,935	155,350	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	136,795	66,595	70,200	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	6,485	3,190	3,295	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	70	20	50	940	485	455
Belgian	6,555	3,035	3,515	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	33,515	16,725	16,795	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	545	285	260	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	75	50	25	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	94,385	45,625	48,760	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	170	95	75	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	5,640	2,745	2,895	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	150	70	75	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	26,295	13,160	13,140	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	5,950	3,105	2,845	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	4,265	2,110	2,155	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	1,600	755	845	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	7,180	3,545	3,630	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	7,640	3,665	3,975	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,660	960	705	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	98,045	47,125	50,915	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,795	840	955	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	985	475	515	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	3,930	1,770	2,160	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	810	345	465	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	985	440	545	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	9,650	4,695	4,950	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,180	505	680	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,600	1,305	1,295	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	520	235	285	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	36,975	17,690	19,285	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	7,895	3,830	4,070	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	17,230	8,030	9,205	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,810	1,310	1,500	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	28,150	13,675	14,475	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,055	570	490	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	100,355	48,975	51,380	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,190	580	605	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,665	785	875	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	20	10	10	1,280	740	535
Croatian	4,130	2,010	2,125	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	165	65	100	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	8,005	4,025	3,980	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	53,825	26,685	27,140	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	60	25	30	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	625	240	385	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	705	340	370	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	195	105	90	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	14,625	7,105	7,525	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	3,635	1,850	1,785	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	310	140	170	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,350	645	710	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	15,605	7,115	8,485	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,190	585	610	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	85	35	50	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	9,230	4,780	4,450	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	395	210	185	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	6,220	3,240	2,980	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	95	40	55	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	250	125	125	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	2,340	1,195	1,140	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	31,680	14,600	17,075	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	275	155	120	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	175	115	65	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,390	600	795	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	105	55	50	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	135	50	90	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	1,560	765	795	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	960	435	530	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	320	165	155	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	20	0	15	1,125	515	605
Haitian	13,790	6,305	7,480	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	8,640	4,035	4,610	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	65	40	25	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	50	20	30	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	45	25	20	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	140	65	75	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	815	330	480	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,245	1,015	1,225	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	255	90	160	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,730	755	975	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,190	560	630	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,005	11,285	12,720	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,130	535	600	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	75	35	40	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	800	435	365	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	95	45	55	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	220	105	115	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,445	735	710	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	1,395	695	695	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	3,755	1,735	2,020	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	205	85	115	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	280	160	120	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	580	205	375	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	2,090	1,005	1,085	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	420	225	195	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	350	115	230	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	435	225	210	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	4,000	1,825	2,175	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	1,260	640	615	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	130	65	65	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	45	15	25	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,760	860	905	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	2,700	1,305	1,395	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	140	60	85	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	1,190	490	700	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,450	620	825	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	74,715	36,465	38,255	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	18,910	9,315	9,590	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	130	75	60	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	250	115	130	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	20	15	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	615	330	285	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	505	240	270	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	2,275	1,165	1,110	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	225	125	105	1,845	955	885
Congolese	6,005	2,785	3,215	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	50	20	30	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	70	50	25	845	470	375
Gabonese	250	125	125	1,405	660	750
Gambian	45	35	10	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,550	830	720	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	625	285	335	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	115	55	60	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	1,160	530	625	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	95	55	40	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	585	265	325	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	125	65	65	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	2,305	1,175	1,135	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	200	95	105	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	890	390	500	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	95	45	55	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	805	430	375	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	65	40	25	840	495	345
Yoruba	440	245	195	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,540	770	770	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	18,520	9,625	8,890	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	2,590	1,290	1,300	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	1,825	975	850	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	120	60	60	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	50	20	25	900	500	400
Egyptian	6,555	3,465	3,090	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	1,300	670	630	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	100	60	45	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	4,385	2,220	2,165	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	865	435	430	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	1,170	660	510	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	650	325	330	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	26,945	12,710	14,235	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	50	30	25	1,870	955	915
Amhara	95	55	35	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	590	280	315	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	3,180	1,485	1,695	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	880	370	515	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,390	640	755	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	3,025	1,380	1,650	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	10	10	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	665	335	325	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	405	185	220	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	385	175	210	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	285	145	135	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	2,445	1,095	1,345	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	30	10	20	1,285	575	710
Somali	10,700	5,055	5,640	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,285	635	650	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	360	155	205	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	200	100	100	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	430	205	220	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	150	70	85	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	335	160	175	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	55	45	20	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,485	755	730	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	12,325	5,835	6,490	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,450	590	855	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	11,115	5,365	5,755	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	197,900	96,975	100,925	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	74,700	38,535	36,165	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	4,115	2,090	2,030	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	8,620	4,475	4,145	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	1,735	880	860	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	135	60	80	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	245	100	145	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	190	115	75	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	65	40	25	1,515	810	705
Iranian	7,620	3,830	3,790	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	5,070	2,705	2,360	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	765	410	355	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	1,660	870	785	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	165	80	85	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	890	495	395	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	980	500	480	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	40	30	10	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	31,785	16,255	15,525	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	4,265	2,355	1,915	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	230	115	110	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	590	290	300	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	5,230	2,710	2,525	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	125	65	60	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	160	55	110	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	3,250	1,745	1,510	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	130	70	60	1,040	540	500
Uighur	75	45	30	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	205	100	110	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	1,015	525	495	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,220	1,140	1,075	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	42,310	21,385	20,925	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	2,305	1,200	1,110	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	1,055	530	525	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	315	165	145	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	28,940	14,635	14,310	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	125	65	60	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	180	110	70	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	55	20	30	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	910	450	460	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	4,660	2,330	2,335	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	1,130	590	545	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	290	150	140	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,750	1,370	1,380	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	965	480	485	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,235	1,115	1,115	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	82,815	37,970	44,850	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	630	310	320	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,685	1,265	1,430	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	49,925	23,400	26,535	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	14,100	5,720	8,385	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	700	300	395	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	3,370	1,400	1,975	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	280	150	130	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	3,550	1,610	1,935	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	885	415	470	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	520	195	325	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	355	190	160	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	45	20	25	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	785	350	430	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	780	280	505	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	90	40	45	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	9,650	4,705	4,940	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	285	150	135	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	385	175	205	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	380	180	205	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	2,215	1,070	1,145	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,490	680	810	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	490	275	220	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	275	125	150	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	55	20	35	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	20	10	15	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	25	25	10	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	95	30	65	1,530	725	805
Samoan	40	30	15	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	55	35	20	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	356,700	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	178,800	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	74,830	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	460,670	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	3,105	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	69,835	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	121,810	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	206,900	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	133,845	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	139,565	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	74,420	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	78,675	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	77,040	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	165,800	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	528,580	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	6,915	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	535,500	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	513,430	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	22,070	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	88,815	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	157,720	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	89,185	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	68,695	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	43,290	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	46,525	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	41,265	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	535,495	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	505,590	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	29,910	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	303,695	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	220,105	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	11,695	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	535,500	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	20,815	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	80,235	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	96,220	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	116,535	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	104,870	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	70,370	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	34,840	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	11,615	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	533,580	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	413,450	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	120,130	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	102,825	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	355,260	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	13.4	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,335	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,424	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	349,818	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	397,495	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	178,745	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.3	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.6	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,018	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,066	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	152,445	77,680	74,765	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	256,775	125,700	131,075	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	664,600	316,585	348,015	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	69,890	42,260	27,630	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	43,010	22,325	20,685	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	26,880	19,935	6,950	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	212,850	94,825	118,025	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	23,635	9,565	14,070	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	358,220	169,935	188,285	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	222,025	100,370	121,655	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20,895	9,060	11,840	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	7,880	3,900	3,980	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	89,220	44,635	44,585	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	18,200	11,975	6,230	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	720,165	348,790	371,375	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	58,790	32,800	25,995	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	141,945	71,920	70,030	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	519,430	244,070	275,355	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	51,690	30,650	21,035	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	32,180	16,215	15,960	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	19,510	14,435	5,070	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,090	74,245	89,845	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	16,285	6,805	9,480	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	287,355	132,370	154,985	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	176,800	78,870	97,930	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,215	6,530	9,680	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,350	2,840	3,505	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	74,535	35,970	38,565	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	13,460	8,160	5,310	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	409,225	203,375	205,845	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	39,200	9,095	30,110	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	39,200	9,095	30,110	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	22,800	10,100	12,700	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	4,695	3,340	1,350	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	18,110	6,760	11,345	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	44,075	16,945	27,130	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	7,500	1,660	5,850	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	9,725	2,950	6,780	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	9,980	3,770	6,205	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	415	135	280	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,955	1,730	1,225	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,305	1,400	905	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	7,775	4,480	3,300	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	3,410	830	2,580	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	111,790	42,535	69,255	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,685	445	1,240	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	12,130	4,335	7,795	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	12,210	1,030	11,185	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	17,565	6,585	10,980	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	2,355	615	1,735	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	16,665	4,165	12,500	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	49,170	25,355	23,820	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	136,845	55,860	80,985	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	220	105	115	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	13,560	3,960	9,605	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	123,065	51,795	71,265	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	32,150	16,580	15,570	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15,235	6,285	8,950	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,825	2,500	2,325	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	940	410	535	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	10,045	6,930	3,115	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,095	455	645	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	44,125	28,720	15,400	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	33,705	23,910	9,785	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	3,550	725	2,825	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,740	3,340	2,400	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,130	745	380	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	108,935	95,975	12,960	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	5,725	3,690	2,035	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	40,470	33,015	7,450	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,020	20,755	2,270	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	40	0	30	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	17,255	16,860	395	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15,890	15,420	470	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	6,545	6,225	320	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,215	5,820	4,400	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,600	3,215	2,380	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,620	2,605	2,015	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	80,465	17,010	63,455	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	7,595	3,685	3,905	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	70,415	12,010	58,400	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,455	1,305	1,155	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	33,900	17,910	15,990	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	18,305	5,375	12,930	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	860	715	150	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	610	555	55	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	10,185	7,640	2,545	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,935	3,620	310	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	100	35	65	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	100	35	65	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	720,165	348,790	371,375	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	200,740	104,720	96,020	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	27,415	6,040	21,375	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	27,410	6,040	21,370	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,635	7,765	9,870	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,560	2,430	1,130	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	14,075	5,340	8,740	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	31,020	11,780	19,245	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,960	1,265	4,695	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,980	2,125	4,850	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,265	2,410	3,850	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	320	100	225	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,085	1,230	855	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,515	950	565	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	5,695	3,245	2,450	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	2,195	450	1,745	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	89,800	33,005	56,800	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,400	360	1,045	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	9,780	3,465	6,310	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,825	820	9,000	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	14,730	5,050	9,680	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,875	505	1,370	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	12,925	3,055	9,865	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	39,260	19,740	19,525	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	110,570	44,005	66,560	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	190	85	105	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	11,000	3,120	7,875	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	99,380	40,800	58,580	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	23,275	11,255	12,020	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	11,800	4,635	7,160	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,255	1,635	1,620	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	345	120	225	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	7,115	4,565	2,550	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	760	295	465	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	38,635	25,320	13,310	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30,710	21,735	8,980	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	2,585	535	2,055	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,330	2,420	1,910	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,015	635	370	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	84,450	73,415	11,035	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	4,630	2,865	1,760	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	32,495	25,965	6,530	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	17,730	15,960	1,775	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	30	0	25	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	12,855	12,535	320	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	11,925	11,540	380	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	4,790	4,545	240	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,105	4,420	3,685	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,170	2,230	1,940	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,930	2,185	1,745	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	62,125	13,400	48,715	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,065	2,895	3,170	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	54,110	9,580	44,530	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,950	930	1,015	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	26,310	13,630	12,675	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	14,200	4,115	10,085	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	720	585	140	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	370	330	45	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	7,985	5,830	2,160	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,030	2,775	255	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	95	40	60	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	100	35	60	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	409,225	203,375	205,840	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	664,595	316,585	348,015	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	573,905	272,765	301,140	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	445,950	210,800	235,150	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	127,950	61,960	65,990	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	90,695	43,820	46,875	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	13,150	7,345	5,810	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	4,620	1,400	3,225	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	5,610	2,700	2,910	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	10,405	5,850	4,550	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,730	3,055	3,675	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	3,775	2,005	1,765	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	46,405	21,465	24,935	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	720,170	348,790	371,375	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200,740	104,720	96,020	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	519,425	244,070	275,355	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	450,640	212,195	238,440	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	351,215	164,240	186,970	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	99,425	47,955	51,475	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	68,785	31,875	36,915	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	9,485	5,020	4,460	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	4,005	1,190	2,815	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	4,005	1,870	2,135	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,065	3,305	2,755	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	5,035	2,210	2,825	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	3,040	1,610	1,435	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	37,160	16,675	20,490	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	727,050	370,620	356,425	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	676,480	343,175	333,300	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	50,570	27,445	23,125	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	346,770	149,340	197,430	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	67.7	71.3	64.4	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	63.0	66.0	60.2	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.4	6.5	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,073,820	519,960	553,860	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	329,075	141,720	187,355	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	744,745	378,240	366,505	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	402,695	217,110	185,585	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	342,045	161,130	180,920	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.7	42.9	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	727,050	370,620	356,425	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	17,220	8,680	8,540	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	709,825	361,940	347,885	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	636,730	317,865	318,860	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	73,095	44,070	29,025	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	727,045	370,620	356,430	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	17,225	8,685	8,540	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	709,825	361,940	347,890	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	82,180	49,355	32,825	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	132,805	43,485	89,320	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	76,840	58,225	18,615	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	45,155	10,070	35,085	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	113,425	40,340	73,090	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25,625	11,240	14,380	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	154,565	76,175	78,385	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	64,375	61,140	3,235	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	6,800	5,655	1,155	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,055	6,255	1,795	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	727,045	370,620	356,430	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	17,225	8,680	8,540	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	709,825	361,940	347,885	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,075	2,715	1,355	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	825	720	110	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	2,290	1,745	545	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	40,695	36,055	4,635	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	22,430	16,480	5,950	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	15,735	11,570	4,165	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	75,510	38,780	36,730	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	21,215	15,960	5,250	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	17,840	11,035	6,805	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	21,760	9,925	11,835	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	11,870	6,650	5,225	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	62,320	37,660	24,660	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	465	185	280	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	32,130	19,995	12,135	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	57,685	19,070	38,615	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	78,410	16,175	62,230	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	14,790	7,380	7,410	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	47,215	23,080	24,130	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	29,765	12,200	17,565	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	152,810	74,555	78,260	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	676,480	343,175	333,300	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	46,415	23,140	23,280	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	2,490	1,680	810	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	59,925	44,240	15,680	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	567,645	274,120	293,525	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	567,645	274,115	293,525	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	449,910	214,200	235,705	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,350	1,170	1,175	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40,615	20,390	20,225	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	74,770	38,350	36,420	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	627,570	318,360	309,215	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	415,370	224,415	190,960	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	36,845	11,580	25,260	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	115,005	50,935	64,070	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	39,465	18,585	20,875	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	14,895	9,855	5,040	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	5,995	2,990	3,010	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	627,570	318,360	309,210	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	124,945	59,125	65,820	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	226,235	116,285	109,945	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	160,070	84,175	75,900	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	69,085	34,790	34,300	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	47,235	23,990	23,245	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	627,570	318,360	309,210	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	34,610	23,630	10,980	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	122,735	68,180	54,560	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	185,570	87,235	98,335	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	140,045	65,545	74,500	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	64,600	30,595	34,005	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	80,010	43,180	36,830	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	765,590	388,485	377,110	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	718,360	365,860	352,505	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	714,285	363,795	350,490	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	570,925	298,020	272,905	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	143,360	65,775	77,585	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	4,080	2,065	2,015	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	90	30	50	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	25	30	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	20	10	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	25	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	25	10	25	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	25	0	20	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,995	2,030	1,960	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	670	405	270	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	20	0	20	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	20	0	20	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	655	400	250	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	630	390	235	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	175	60	105	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	165	60	110	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	25	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	30	15	15	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	10	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	1,210	565	650	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	295	110	185	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	295	110	185	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	15	15	0	205	110	90
Croatian	10	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	10	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	45	10	35	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	155	45	110	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	25	10	15	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	30	10	15	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	165	70	90	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	10	10	0	90	50	35
Dutch	20	10	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	120	50	70	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	10	0	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	10	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	15	0	10	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	130	70	65	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	10	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	15	15	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	20	15	10	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	75	35	40	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	10	10	10	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	30	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	605	305	300	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	40	30	10	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	130	80	45	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	10	10	10	745	365	380
Spanish	420	190	235	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	60	25	35	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	90	50	40	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	45	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	35	15	25	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	15	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,495	790	710	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	1,490	785	705	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	560	315	245	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	885	435	455	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	10	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	35	10	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	10	10	10	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	55	30	25	675	270	405
Lao	15	10	10	150	70	80
Thai	40	20	20	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	30	20	0
Turkish	20	0	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	10	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	10	10	10	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	47,225	22,625	24,600	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	42,540	20,330	22,205	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	3,520	1,710	1,805	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	175	80	95	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	1,000	505	495	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	765,590	388,480	377,110	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	523,350	272,620	250,735	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	82,440	38,360	44,080	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	147,035	71,190	75,845	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	10,575	5,325	5,250	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	185	55	125	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	10,395	5,270	5,120	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	160	60	100	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	440	200	245	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	1,570	715	850	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,287,080	628,740	658,340	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	1,116,265	545,040	571,220	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	170,825	83,695	87,125	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	116,225	56,810	59,415	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	54,595	26,885	27,710	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	39,610	19,390	20,220	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	24,210	11,575	12,630	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	15,400	7,815	7,590	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	14,980	7,500	7,490	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,228,450	599,130	629,320	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	748,410	364,850	383,560	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	480,040	234,275	245,760	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	310,975	151,435	159,545	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	169,060	82,845	86,220	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	119,125	57,835	61,290	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	73,840	35,405	38,440	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	45,280	22,435	22,850	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	49,935	25,005	24,930	1,381,460	682,625	698,835